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The correct answer is 1, 3, 4, 2

Key Points

• Villuvandi Samaram (1893)
• Villuvandi Samaram' (Bullock cart strike) was the direct result of this social discrimination and this movement was led by Ayyankali
• Ayyankali in 1893 rode an ox-cart challenging the 'ban' on untouchables from accessing public roads by caste-Hindus.
• This is celebrated as one of the major achievements in the history of Dalit movements in Kerala.
• Formation of Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam SNDP Yogam (1903):
• it is a social service organization representing the Ezhava community from the Indian state of Kerala since 1903.
• The S.N.D.P Yogam was founded by Dr.Padmanabhan Palpu
• The Sri Narayana Dharma Paripalana (SNDP) movement, among the Ezhavas of Kerala, is an example of conflict between the depressed classes and the upper non-Brahmana castes
• It was started by Sree Narayana Guru Swamy (1856- 1928) among the Ezhavas of Kerala, who were a backward caste of toddy-tappers and were considered to be untouchables, denied education and entry into temples.
• Misrabhojanam (Panthibhojanam) 1917:
• It was held on May 30, 1917, by social reformer Sahodaran Ayyappan
• Misrabhojanam was the first inter-caste feast of Kerala. Prior to this, each caste had their stricter caste codes in food consumption and hence food was seen as a symbol of caste.
• Guruvayur Satyagraha (1931–32)
• It took place in (1931–32) and was a Satyagraha (non-violent protest) in the present Thrissur district, which was then part of Ponnani Taluk of Malabar district, now part of Kerala, which was an effort to allow entry for untouchables into the Guruvayur Temple.
• It was led by K. Kelappan,

Hence we can conclude that the correct chronological sequence is 1, 3, 4, 2

The correct answer is Sikkim and Tibet

Key Points

• Nathu La Pass
• Nathu means 'listening ears', and La means 'pass'.
• Located on the Old Silk Route, Nathu La Pass connects Sikkim to China’s Tibet Autonomous Region:
• The Nathu La Pass was reopened in 2006 and since then, it has served as an official Border Personnel Meeting(BPM) Point between India and China​

Additional Information

• Bomdi-La pass:
• ​The Bomdi-La pass connects Arunachal Pradesh with Lhasa, the capital city of Tibet.
• Lipulekh pass:
• ​The Lipulekh pass is a far western point near Kalapani, a disputed border area between Nepal and Uttrakhand,india

The correct answer is Stockholm

Key Points

The United Nations Conference on the Human Environment (UNCHE):

• It is also known as the Stockholm Conference
• It was an international conference convened under United Nations auspices held in Stockholm, Sweden from June 5-16, 1972.
• It was the UN's first major conference on international environmental issues
• The United Nations Environment Programme, or UNEP, was created as a result of this conference
• The meeting agreed upon a Declaration containing 26 principles concerning the environment and development, an Action Plan with 109 recommendations, and a Resolution.

The first United Nations Conference on the Human Environment (UNCHE) was held in Stockholm.

The correct answer is Panspermia

The origin of life on Earth began more than 3 billion years ago, evolving from the most basic of microbes into a dazzling array of complexity over time.There are  Following of many different scientific theories on the origin of life on Earth.

Important Points

• Panspermia:
• ​Greek philosopher Anaxagora coined the term panspermia to describe the concept of life traveling between planets as seed.
• The panspermia hypothesis suggests life began on Earth when the "seeds" of life, already present in the universe, arrived here from space.
• It states that In this case the origin of life is not related to environments possible on the early Earth.
• As per this life exists throughout the Universe and is distributed by transport methods like space dust, meteoroids, asteroids, comets, and planetoids, as well as by spacecraft carrying unintended contamination by microorganisms.

Additional Information

• Cosmic evolution
• It is the study of change--the vast number of developmental and generative changes that have accumulated during all time and across all space, from the big bang to humankind.
• This theory was proposed byEric Chaisson
• The theory of chemical evolution
• ​theory of life's origin is known as chemical evolution.
• In this idea, pre-biological changes slowly transform simple atoms and molecules into the more complex chemicals needed to produce life
• Aleksandr Ivanovich Oparin and J.B.S Haldane proposed the theory of chemical evolution.
• Note that there is such theory called Microorganismic theory

The correct answer is Gupta period

The period of Gupta rule between 300 and 600 CE has been called the Golden Age of India for its advances in science and emphasis on classical Indian art and literature

 Important Points

• Gupta empire:
• Sri Gupta founded the Gupta Empire and was succeeded by his son, Ghatotkacha, followed by Ghatotkacha’s son, Chandragupta and his son, Samudragupta, assumed the throne in 335 CE, who was succeeded by his son, Chandragupta II,
• The period of Gupta rule, especially the reign of Chandragupta II, is still remembered as the Golden Age of India
• Why Gupta period is called a golden period?
• Production of extensive literature.  
• Chandragupta’s court was more influential than those that came before or after because it contained the Navaratnas, or the Nine Jewels, a group of nine scholars who produced advancements in many academic fields.
• For example, Kalidasa was the greatest poet of classical Sanskrit literature and wrote Abhijnanashakuntalam which is very highly regarded in world literature even today and he was from this period.
• Patronage was also given to the composition of religious literature. The two great epics the Ramayana and the Mahabharata were completed by the fourth century AD.
• Achievements of Indians in the fields of mathematics, astronomy, science:
• ​The decimal numeral system, including the concept of zero, was invented in India during this period.
• Varahamihira was an astronomer, astrologer, and mathematician, whose main work is a treatise on mathematical astronomy. Sushruta, a famed Indian physician of the Gupta period, wrote the Samhita,
• The cultural creativity of the Gupta empire:
• This period produced magnificent architecture, including palaces and temples, as well as sculptures and paintings of the highest quality.
• The Golden Age of India produced many temples, decorated with various sculptures and paintings,
• such as the Dashavatara Temple, also known as the Vishnu Temple, in central India.

Additional Information

• The Maurya Empire 
• The real founder of this empire was Chandragupta Maurya.
• It was a geographically extensive Iron Age historical power in South Asia based in Magadha,
• The Maurya Empire was centralized by the conquest of the Indo-Gangetic Plain, and its capital city was located at Pataliputra
• The Mughal Empire 
• It was founded by Babur (reigned 1526–1530)
• The empire stretched from the outer fringes of the Indus basin in the west, northern Afghanistan in the northwest, and Kashmir in the north Bangladesh in the east, and the uplands of the Deccan plateau in South India.
• The Vijayanagara Empire,
• It is also called the Karnata Kingdom,
• It was based in the Deccan Plateau region in South India.
• It was established in 1336 by the brothers Harihara I and Bukka Raya I of the Sangama dynasty
• The noted ruler of this period was King Krishnadevaraya

The correct answer is (a) - (3), ( b) - (4), (c) - (2), (d) - (1)

Key Points

Hence we conclude that the correct matching code is (a) - (3), ( b) - (4), (c) - (2), (d) - (1)

Important Points

• In order to implement GST, the Constitutional (122^nd Amendment) Bill (CAB for short) was introduced in the Parliament and passed by Rajya Sabha on 03^rd August 2016 and Lok Sabha on 08^th August 2016.
• The CAB was passed by more than 15 states and thereafter Hon’ble President gave assent to “The Constitution 101^st (One Hundred And First Amendment) Act, 2016” on the 8^th of September, 2016.
• Since then the GST council and been notified bringing into existence the Constitutional body to decide issues relating to GST.

Key PointsGoods and services tax (GST)-

• It is a tax levied when a consumer buys a good or service.
• It is meant to be a single, comprehensive tax that will subsume all the other smaller indirect taxes on consumption like service tax, etc.
• It is a single tax on the supply of goods and services, right from the manufacturer to the end consumer.
• This is how it is done in most developed countries.
• More than 160 countries have implemented this system of taxation.
• GST does not tax or get into specific commodities.

Therefore the correct answer is 101.

Important Points

• The agricultural crop year in India is from July to June. The Indian cropping season is classified into two main seasons-(i) Kharif and (ii) Rabi based on the monsoon.
• The Kharif cropping season is from July-October during the southwest monsoon and the Rabi cropping season is from October-March (winter).
• The crops grown between March and June are summer crops.
• The terms ‘Kharif’ and ‘rabi’ originate from the Arabic language where Kharif means autumn and Rabi means spring.

Key Points Difference between Kharif and Rabi crops.

Therefore, the correct answer is Arabic.

Given:

A person X has four notes of 10, 20, 50 & 100 denomination.

Calculation:

A person X has four notes of 10, 20, 50 & 100 denomination.

The total number ways of different sums of money it can from = (taking one at a time) + (taking two at a time) + (taking three at a time) + (taking four at a time)

⇒ ⁴C₁ + ⁴C₂  + ⁴C₃ + ⁴C₄

⇒ 4 + 6 + 4 + 1 = 15 

∴ The number of different sums of money she can from them is 15.

∴ Option 2 is correct.

Important Points

Therefore, the correct answer is (a) - (3), (b) - (4), (c) - (1), (d) - (2)