Search Previous Year Questions

The correct answer is Bringing the small entrepreneurs into the formal financial system.

Key Points

• Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana:

 The scheme was launched on 8^th April 2015 by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

• It is a flagship scheme that is aimed to extend affordable credit to micro and small enterprises i.e to bring the small entrepreneurs into the formal financial systems.
• It provides loans up to 10 lakh to the non-corporate, non-farm small/micro-enterprises.
• There are three products under the Pradhan Mantri MUDRA loan:
• Covering loan of up to Rs. 50,000 under Shishu.
• Covering loan from above Rs. 50,000 to Rs. 500,000 under Kishore.
• Covering loan from above 500,000 to Rs.10,00,000 under Tarun.
• Sectors Covered under MUDRA yojana:-

1. Land Transport Sector
2. Community, Social & Personal Service Activity
3. Food Products Sector
4. Textile Products Sector

The correct answer is Razia Sultana.

Key Points

• Razia Sultana was the first female Muslim ruler of the Indian subcontinent.
• She ruled in Delhi from 1236 to 1240 as the Sultan herself – it was a title never before bestowed on a woman, a position of power never before attained by a woman.
• Before ascending to the throne of Delhi after her father’s death, the reign was briefly handed over to her half-brother Rukn ud-din Firuz.
• But after Firuz’s assassination within 6 months of his ascendency, the nobles agreed to place Razia on the throne.

Additional Information

Slave Dynasty 

• Established by Qutb ud-Din Aibak.
• Dynasty lasted from 1206 to 1290.
• It was the first of the dynasties to rule as the Delhi Sultanate.
• Dynasty ended when Jalal ud din Firuz Khilji overthrew the last Mamluk ruler Muiz ud din Qaiqabad in 1290.
• Dynasty was succeeded by the Khilji (or Khalji) dynasty, the second dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate.

The correct answer is 1954.

Key Points

• National Flood Control Programme was launched in 1954.
• Its main objective was to control floods by constructing flood embankments, drainage channels, raising villages and town protection works.

Additional Information

• After the limited success of the National Flood Control Programme, National Flood Commission was established in 1976.
• The aim of NFC was to study India's flood control measures after the limited success of measures taken under NFCP of 1954.
• It was formed under the Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation.
• It submitted 207 recommendations in 1980.

• The correct answer is option 2  i.e., 1985.
• The 52^nd Constitutional Amendment Act related to Anti-Defection was enacted in the year 1985.
• It laid down the process by which legislators may be disqualified on grounds of defection.
• The amendment added the Tenth Schedule to the Constitution which contains provisions as to the disqualification on the ground of defection.
• The 46^th Amendment extended the period of reservation of seats for the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes and representation of the Anglo-Indians in the Lok Sabha and the State Legislative Assemblies for another ten years.
• In January 2020, the Anglo-Indian reserved seats in the Parliament and State Legislatures of India were abolished by the 104^th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019.
• The 54^th Amendment enhances the salaries of the Judges of the High Courts and the Supreme Court of India.

Other important amendments are:-

The correct answer is 6.3% - 6.8%.

In News

• The Economic Survey 2024-25 forecasts that India’s GDP growth for FY26 will be between 6.3% and 6.8%.
• This projection is based on domestic economic stability, government investments, and easing of food inflation.

Key Points

• India’s GDP growth forecast for FY26 is in the range of 6.3% - 6.8%.
• Growth will be supported by strategic policy management, deregulation, and structural reforms at the grassroots level.
• Government capital expenditure and improved business expectations are expected to boost domestic investment.
• Volatile food prices remain a key concern, but a good Rabi crop is expected to ease inflationary pressures.

Additional Information

• Key Challenges
• Geopolitical tensions and trade policy risks pose uncertainties for global and Indian markets.
• Potential commodity price shocks could impact inflation and overall economic stability.
• Future Outlook
• Policy recommendations focus on prudent fiscal management and deregulation to enhance competitiveness.
• Domestic investment is expected to increase, driven by government spending and favorable business expectations.
• Inflation & Food Prices
• Food price volatility remains a concern, but the upcoming Rabi crop is expected to ease pressure on inflation.
• Strategic management of supply chain disruptions will be critical for stabilizing food prices.

The correct answer is option 2. The 73^rd Constitutional Amendment Act added Part IX to the Indian Constitution.

• The 73^rd Constitutional Amendment Act Was enacted passed in 1992 during the Narasimha Rao Government.
• It added Part IX to our Constitution which is entitled as 'The Panchayats' and deals with the provisions of Articles 243 to 243 O.
• A new schedule, the Eleventh Schedule was also added to the Constitution.
• This act leads to the establishment of a three-tier Panchayati raj system for local self-government.
• The three-tier system consists of:
• Zila Parishad (at the district level).
• Block Samiti (at block level).
• Gram Panchayat (at village level).

The correct answer is Horticulture and Honey.

Key Points

• The Golden Revolution is related to Horticulture and Honey.
• It started in 1991 and lasted till 2003.
• Father of Golden Revolution: Nirpakh Tutaj.
• The Golden Fibre Revolution is related to Jute Production.

Additional Information

The correct answer is 1793 A.D.

Key Points

• Lord Charles Cornwallis was the Governor-General of Bengal when the Permanent Settlement was introduced in 1793.
• By the terms of the settlement, the rajas and taluqdars were recognised as zamindars and were asked to collect rent from the peasants and pay revenue to the Company.
• The amount to be paid was fixed permanently, that is, it was not to be increased ever in future.
• It was felt that this would ensure a regular flow of revenue into the Company’s coffers and at the same time encourage the zamindars to invest in improving the land.
• Since the revenue demand of the state would not be increased, the zamindar would benefit from increased production from the land.

The correct answer is 'Tropical rainforests'

Key Points

• Tropical rainforests:
• Tropical rainforests, also known as tropical evergreen forests, are characterized by high annual rainfall, with the minimum being no less than 1750-2000 mm.
• These forests are found near the equator, where the climate is warm and wet year-round.
• The vegetation is dense and multi-layered, including tall trees, shrubs, and a variety of other plant species. This creates a rich habitat for a diverse range of wildlife.
• Tropical rainforests are crucial for maintaining global biodiversity and play a significant role in regulating the Earth's climate by storing large amounts of carbon.

Additional Information

• Monsoon forests:
• Monsoon forests, also known as tropical deciduous forests, are found in regions with seasonal rainfall. They experience a distinct wet and dry season.
• During the dry season, many trees shed their leaves to conserve water.
• These forests are less dense compared to tropical rainforests and have a lower diversity of plant and animal species.
• Coniferous forests:
• Coniferous forests, also known as taiga or boreal forests, are found in the northern hemisphere's high latitudes.
• They are characterized by cold climates and are dominated by cone-bearing trees like pines, spruces, and firs.
• These forests have a simpler structure and lower biodiversity compared to tropical forests.
• Mediterranean vegetation:
• Mediterranean vegetation is found in regions with a Mediterranean climate, characterized by hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters.
• This type of vegetation includes drought-resistant shrubs, small trees, and herbs adapted to the dry conditions.
• Common plants include olive trees, cork oak, and various types of shrubs and grasses.

Important Points

• Tropical rainforests are often referred to as the "lungs of the Earth" due to their role in producing a significant portion of the world's oxygen.
• They are home to more than half of the world's plant and animal species, many of which are not found anywhere else.
• Deforestation and habitat destruction pose significant threats to tropical rainforests, leading to loss of biodiversity and disruption of global climate patterns.

The correct answer is Madhya Pradesh.

Key Points 

• Madhya Pradesh state has the maximum forest cover in India.
• The Indian state of forest report 2019 shows that the total forest and tree cover of the country is 80.73 million hectares which is 24.56 percent of the geographical area of the country.
• The total forest and tree cover is 24.56% of the total geographical area of the country.
• The total forest cover of the country is 712,249 sq km.
• The total forest cover of India is 21.67% of the total geographical area of the country.
• The forest cover in Madhya Pradesh is 77482.49 sq km.

Additional Information

• Arunachal Pradesh possesses the second largest forest area in India.
• Chhattisgarh possesses the third largest forest area in India.
• Mizoram (85.4%) possesses the largest forest cover percentage in India.
• Jharkhand is the mineral state of India.
• Uttar Pradesh is called the sugar bowl of India.