Search Previous Year Questions

The correct answer is Indonesia.

Key Points

• The President of Indonesia, Joko Widodo, was invited as the chief guest for the 76^th Republic Day of India on 26 January 2025.
• India and Indonesia share a long-standing relationship founded on historical ties, cultural exchanges, and strategic cooperation in the Indo-Pacific region.
• The invitation highlights India’s focus on strengthening ties with Southeast Asian nations as part of its Act East Policy.
• Indonesia is the largest economy in Southeast Asia and a key partner for India in areas such as trade, defense, maritime security, and combating terrorism.
• This invitation underscores the growing significance of Indonesia as a pivotal player in global politics and regional stability in the Indo-Pacific region.

Additional Information

• United Kingdom
• The United Kingdom is one of India’s oldest allies and shares a robust bilateral relationship, especially in areas like trade, defense, and cultural exchange.
• India and the UK launched the Roadmap 2030 to deepen ties in five key areas: trade, connectivity, defense, climate change, and health.
• Although the UK has been a guest at Republic Day celebrations in the past, it was not chosen for the 76^th Republic Day.
• Australia
• Australia is a key partner for India in the Indo-Pacific, with a growing collaboration in defense, trade, and environmental sustainability.
• Both countries are part of the Quad alliance along with the United States and Japan, focusing on maintaining regional peace and stability.
• While Australia plays a critical role in India’s foreign policy, it was not invited as the chief guest for the 76^th Republic Day.
• United States
• The United States and India share a comprehensive global strategic partnership, with strong cooperation in defense, technology, trade, and people-to-people ties.
• India and the United States are also key partners in multilateral forums such as the G20 and Quad.
• Despite the strategic importance of the U.S., it was not invited as the guest for the 76^th Republic Day celebrations.

The correct answer is New Delhi.

Key Points

• India's first-ever Sports Goods Manufacturing Conclave was held in New Delhi in August 2025.
• The event aimed to bring together stakeholders from the sports goods manufacturing sector, including manufacturers, exporters, and policymakers.
• It focused on promoting the 'Make in India' initiative in the sports goods sector, encouraging domestic production and reducing dependence on imports.
• The conclave also addressed issues such as technological advancements, innovation, and sustainability in manufacturing sports goods.
• Key government officials and industry leaders attended the event to discuss strategies for boosting exports of Indian sports goods and making India a global hub for sports equipment.

Additional Information

• Jalandhar
• Jalandhar, located in Punjab, is a significant hub for sports goods manufacturing in India.
• The city is renowned for producing high-quality cricket bats, hockey sticks, and other sports equipment.
• Despite its prominence, the first-ever Sports Goods Manufacturing Conclave was not held here, though Jalandhar continues to play a vital role in the industry.
• Kolkata
• Kolkata is known for its rich cultural and industrial heritage but is not a primary hub for sports goods manufacturing.
• The city has a growing interest in sports, particularly football and cricket, but it is not a major production center for sports goods.
• Ahmedabad
• Ahmedabad, situated in Gujarat, is an industrial hub with a focus on textiles, chemicals, and machinery.
• While it has a strong industrial base, it is not widely recognized for sports goods manufacturing.
• Sports Goods Manufacturing in India
• India is one of the leading manufacturers and exporters of sports goods globally, with a significant portion of production concentrated in Punjab (Jalandhar) and Uttar Pradesh (Meerut).
• The industry is known for producing cricket equipment, footballs, hockey sticks, and other sports accessories.
• Government initiatives such as 'Make in India' and export promotion policies aim to strengthen the sports goods manufacturing sector further.

The correct answer is Mohammad Siraj.

Key Points

• Mohammad Siraj won the ICC Men's Player of the Month award for August 2025 due to his exceptional performances in international cricket.
• He played a pivotal role in India's victories during the Asia Cup 2025, showcasing his brilliance with the ball.
• Siraj grabbed a match-winning 6-wicket haul in the Asia Cup final against Sri Lanka, where he dismantled the opposition's batting lineup.
• His bowling figures in the final stood at 6 wickets for just 21 runs, earning him accolades worldwide.
• His consistent performances throughout the tournament made him a standout player and a deserving winner of the prestigious ICC award.

Additional Information

• Ravichandran Ashwin
• Ravichandran Ashwin is one of India's finest spin bowlers and an all-rounder known for his intelligent bowling strategies.
• He has been a consistent performer for India in both Test and limited-overs formats.
• However, Ashwin's performances in August 2025 did not stand out as prominently as Siraj's, particularly in the Asia Cup.
• Shardul Thakur
• Shardul Thakur is a versatile bowler and lower-order batsman who has delivered key performances for India in the past.
• Though he contributed to India's Asia Cup campaign in August 2025, his performances were overshadowed by Siraj's extraordinary bowling displays.
• Jasprit Bumrah
• Jasprit Bumrah is India's premier fast bowler, renowned for his lethal yorkers and consistency in all formats of the game.
• While Bumrah made a successful comeback after his injury and performed well in the Asia Cup 2025, Siraj's match-winning efforts in the final were more impactful.

The correct answer is Diu.

Key Points

• The inaugural Khelo India Beach Games 2025 will be held in Diu, a part of the Union Territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu.
• Diu is known for its picturesque beaches and rich Portuguese heritage, making it an ideal location for hosting beach sports events.
• The Khelo India Beach Games aim to promote beach and water sports in India, encouraging youth participation in these activities.
• This initiative is part of the larger Khelo India program, which focuses on sports development and talent identification across the country.
• The event will include a variety of beach sports such as beach volleyball, beach football, and water sports like kayaking and sailing, among others.

Additional Information

• Andaman Islands
• The Andaman Islands are a group of islands in the Bay of Bengal, known for their pristine beaches, coral reefs, and biodiversity.
• They have hosted several water sports events, including scuba diving and snorkeling, but were not chosen for the inaugural Khelo India Beach Games 2025.
• Lakshadweep
• Lakshadweep is a group of 36 islands in the Arabian Sea, famous for their crystal-clear lagoons and marine life.
• Despite its potential for hosting water sports, it was not selected as a location for the inaugural Khelo India Beach Games 2025.
• Goa
• Goa is a popular beach destination in India, known for its vibrant culture and water sports activities.
• Though it hosts numerous sports events and festivals, it was not among the selected venues for the 2025 Khelo India Beach Games.
• Khelo India Program
• Khelo India is a national program launched by the Government of India to revive the sports culture and identify talent at the grassroots level.
• The program includes initiatives like Khelo India Youth Games, Khelo India University Games, and Khelo India Winter Games.
• It aims to promote a healthy lifestyle and encourage widespread participation in sports across the country.
• The Khelo India Beach Games are a new addition to this initiative, focusing specifically on beach and water sports.

The correct answer is Agrinnovate India Limited.

Key Points

• Agrinnovate India Limited is a government enterprise established in 2011 under the administrative control of the Department of Agricultural Research and Education (DARE), Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare.
• The primary aim of Agrinnovate India Limited is to promote, commercialize, and manage agricultural innovations and technologies developed by Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR).
• In April 2025, Agrinnovate India Limited declared its first-ever dividend of ₹1.42 crore for the fiscal year 2023-24, marking a significant milestone in its operations since its inception.
• The enterprise focuses on bridging the gap between agricultural research and industry, thereby enhancing the reach and impact of innovative agricultural solutions.
• Key areas of operation include agri-biotechnology, seed production, technology transfer, and consultancy services to improve agricultural productivity and sustainability.

Additional Information

• Power Electronics Limited:
• Power Electronics Limited is a private entity focusing on manufacturing and developing electronic components, including power converters and automation solutions.
• This entity is not associated with government-owned enterprises or agricultural initiatives.
• Millennium Telecom:
• Millennium Telecom Limited (MTL) is a subsidiary of Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited (MTNL), operating in the telecommunications sector.
• It primarily focuses on providing IT-enabled services and solutions related to network infrastructure and communication technologies.
• MTL does not engage in agricultural innovations or dividend declarations related to the Ministry of Agriculture.
• Antrix Corporation:
• Antrix Corporation Limited is the commercial arm of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), established to promote and market space products and services.
• Its scope includes satellite launch services, transponder leasing, and space mission support, unrelated to agricultural development.

The correct answer is Telangana.

Key Points

• Telangana organized the Judicial Colloquium on 'Anti-Human Trafficking' on 27 July 2024 to strengthen the fight against human trafficking in the region.
• The event was held at the state Judicial Academy, emphasizing the role of judicial officers, public prosecutors, police officers, and NGOs in combating human trafficking.
• This colloquium aimed to enhance coordination among various stakeholders and build awareness about legal frameworks and preventive measures.
• Telangana has been actively focusing on anti-human trafficking initiatives and has established dedicated Anti-Human Trafficking Units in the state.
• Human trafficking is a critical issue in India, and Telangana’s proactive measures serve as a model for other states in addressing this issue systematically.

Additional Information

• Anti-Human Trafficking:
• Human trafficking involves the illegal trade of humans for exploitation such as forced labor, sexual slavery, or commercial sexual exploitation.
• India has several laws to combat trafficking, including the Immoral Traffic Prevention Act (ITPA) and sections of the Indian Penal Code.
• Coordination between law enforcement, judiciary, and NGOs is crucial for effective prevention, rescue, and rehabilitation of trafficking victims.
• Events like Judicial Colloquiums help stakeholders understand the gravity of the problem and build collaborative solutions.

The correct answer is Mumbai-Delhi.

Key Points

• The Mumbai-Delhi airport pair was ranked 7^th among the world's busiest airport pairs according to the World Air Transport Statistics (WATS) for 2024, released by the International Air Transport Association (IATA) in August 2025.
• This ranking is based on factors such as passenger traffic, connectivity, and the frequency of flights between the two cities.
• The Mumbai-Delhi route is one of the busiest domestic air routes in the world, connecting two major commercial, financial, and political hubs of India.
• According to IATA, this pair recorded exceptional post-pandemic recovery in air travel demand, driven by robust domestic tourism and business travel.
• India's aviation market is one of the fastest-growing globally, and the Mumbai-Delhi route serves as a key indicator of this growth.

Additional Information

• World Air Transport Statistics (WATS) by IATA
• The WATS report provides comprehensive and reliable data on the performance of the global airline industry.
• It ranks airport pairs based on passenger traffic and highlights trends in air travel worldwide.
• The report serves as a critical resource for aviation stakeholders to assess market dynamics and growth opportunities.

The correct answer is 2002.

Key Points

• India signed the Kyoto Protocol on 26 August 2002 and ratified it later that year to support global emission-reduction efforts.
• The Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty that commits its signatories to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to combat climate change.
• It was adopted on 11 December 1997 in Kyoto, Japan, and came into force on 16 February 2005.
• India, as a developing country, was not required to reduce emissions but actively participated in the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) under the protocol.
• The protocol categorized countries into Annex I (developed) and non-Annex I (developing), where India fell under non-Annex I, allowing it to benefit from CDM projects without mandatory emission reduction targets.

Additional Information

• About the Kyoto Protocol
• The Kyoto Protocol is a landmark treaty under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
• It introduced three flexible mechanisms: Emissions Trading, Joint Implementation (JI), and Clean Development Mechanism (CDM).
• Developing countries like India benefited from CDM projects, which allowed developed countries to invest in emission-reduction projects in developing nations.
• The protocol eventually led to the Paris Agreement in 2015, which replaced it with broader and more inclusive goals.

The correct answer is Padma Bhushan.

Key Points

• Pankaj Udhas, one of India’s most celebrated ghazal singers, was honoured with the Padma Bhushan, the third-highest civilian award in India, in January 2025.
• The Padma Awards are bestowed annually by the Government of India to recognize exceptional contributions in various fields, including art, literature, music, and social work.
• Pankaj Udhas is renowned for his melodious ghazals and has contributed significantly to Indian music over decades, popularizing the genre both domestically and globally.
• His work includes iconic albums such as "Aahat," "Pehla Pyar," and "Jashn," which have left a lasting impact on the Indian music industry.
• The award highlights his contributions to the cultural heritage of India through his unique style and timeless music.

Additional Information

• Padma Vibhushan
• The Padma Vibhushan is India’s second-highest civilian award, given for exceptional and distinguished service in any field.
• It was instituted in 1954 and is awarded to individuals who have made unparalleled contributions to public service, arts, science, or other domains.
• Notable recipients include A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, Lata Mangeshkar, and Amartya Sen.
• Sangeet Natak Akademi Award
• The Sangeet Natak Akademi Award is the highest national recognition given to artists in the fields of music, dance, and drama.
• It is conferred by the Sangeet Natak Akademi, India's National Academy of Music, Dance, and Drama, established in 1952.
• The award recognizes sustained achievement in the performing arts and includes a citation and monetary reward.
• Padma Shri
• The Padma Shri is India’s fourth-highest civilian award, given for distinguished contributions in various fields, such as arts, literature, sports, and public service.
• It was established in 1954 and is awarded to individuals who have demonstrated excellence in their respective domains.
• Prominent recipients include Mary Kom, Ratan Tata, and Saina Nehwal.
• Overview of Padma Awards
• The Padma Awards are divided into three categories: Padma Vibhushan, Padma Bhushan, and Padma Shri.
• These awards recognize achievements across diverse fields, including arts, science, social work, public affairs, and sports.
• Instituted in 1954, the awards are announced annually on Republic Day and are regarded as one of the highest civilian honors in India.

The correct answer is Karnataka.

Key Points

• In 2025, Karnataka became the first state in India to mandate a comprehensive Child Protection Policy in all residential schools and hostels.
• The policy includes measures for anti-bullying, anti-drug awareness, grievance redressal mechanisms, and staff training to ensure the safety and well-being of children.
• This initiative aims to create a safe and supportive environment for children residing in hostels and schools.
• The policy also emphasizes the importance of psychological support and counseling for children, addressing issues like mental health and emotional well-being.
• Karnataka’s move aligns with the broader goal of enhancing child rights and safety in institutional settings, setting a benchmark for other states to follow.

Additional Information

• Uttar Pradesh
• Uttar Pradesh has taken initiatives to enhance child welfare through schemes like the Bal Shramik Vidya Yojana, which provides financial support to children of laborers for education.
• The state has also been proactive in implementing the POSCO Act to address child abuse and exploitation.
• Tamil Nadu
• Tamil Nadu has implemented various measures for child protection, including the Integrated Child Protection Scheme (ICPS), which focuses on rehabilitating vulnerable children.
• The state is also known for its Noon Meal Scheme, which aims to improve nutrition and education for underprivileged children.
• Maharashtra
• Maharashtra has been at the forefront of child welfare initiatives, implementing the Childline 1098 service to provide emergency assistance to children in distress.
• Additionally, the state has focused on improving the conditions of child care institutions under the Juvenile Justice Act.
• Child Protection Policies
• Child Protection Policies are frameworks designed to safeguard children from harm, including abuse, neglect, exploitation, and violence.
• These policies emphasize awareness, prevention, and response mechanisms to ensure a safe environment for children in educational and residential settings.
• They also stress the role of stakeholders such as parents, teachers, and government authorities in implementing effective child safety measures.
• India has been actively working towards strengthening child protection through laws like the POSCO Act, Juvenile Justice Act, and the National Policy for Children.