Search Previous Year Questions

The correct answer is Real-money online games and esports.

Key Points

• The Promotion and Regulation of Online Gaming Act, 2025, primarily regulates real-money online games and esports to ensure fair practices and transparency.
• The Act seeks to curb illegal activities, such as gambling, underage gaming, and match-fixing, in the online gaming ecosystem.
• It mandates a licensing system for platforms offering real-money games to ensure compliance with rules and consumer protection standards.
• Real-money games typically involve financial transactions, necessitating regulation to prevent issues like fraud, addiction, and exploitation.
• Esports, a significant part of the Act, is included to promote fair competition and address concerns like cheating and unethical practices in tournaments.

Additional Information

• Fantasy Sports Only
• Fantasy sports involve creating virtual teams based on real-life players, with outcomes determined by real-world game performances.
• While popular, fantasy sports are not the sole focus of the Act, as they do not always involve real-money transactions.
• Examples include Dream11, MPL Fantasy, and MyTeam11.
• Offline Card Games
• Offline card games like bridge, poker, and rummy are traditional games played physically.
• These games are not covered under the Act, which exclusively regulates online gaming platforms.
• Offline card games do not pose the same risks as online real-money games, such as fraud or addiction.
• Free-to-Play Mobile Games Only
• Free-to-play games like Candy Crush, Subway Surfers, and Among Us do not involve real-money transactions.
• These games are primarily meant for entertainment and are not subject to the regulatory framework of the Act.
• Although popular, these games do not pose the financial risks associated with real-money gaming.

The correct answer is Nongkrem.

Key Points

• Nongkrem Dance Festival is one of the most famous religious and cultural festivals celebrated by the Khasi tribe of Meghalaya.
• The festival is held annually in Smit village, located near Shillong, the capital of Meghalaya.
• It is a religious ceremony performed to seek blessings for a good harvest, peace, and prosperity for the entire community.
• During the festival, unmarried Khasi girls dressed in traditional attire perform dances, while men equipped with swords symbolize strength and protection.
• Rituals during the festival include offerings to the deity U-Lei Shillong and animal sacrifices by the Khasi priests.

Additional Information

• Kang Chingba:
• This is a traditional festival of Manipur and is celebrated by the Meitei community.
• Kang Chingba marks the procession of Lord Jagannath's chariot and resembles the famous Rath Yatra of Puri, Odisha.
• It holds religious significance and is observed during the month of June-July.
• Moatsu Mong:
• Moatsu Mong is a festival celebrated by the Ao tribe of Nagaland.
• The festival signifies the end of the sowing season and the beginning of a new cycle of cultivation.
• It includes community feasts, songs, dances, and rituals to mark the occasion.
• Saga Dawa:
• Saga Dawa is a Buddhist festival celebrated predominantly in Sikkim and other Himalayan regions.
• It commemorates the birth, enlightenment, and death of Lord Buddha.
• The festival is observed with prayer processions, rituals, and the offering of butter lamps in monasteries.
• Meghalaya:
• Meghalaya is a northeastern state of India known for its vibrant tribal culture and scenic beauty.
• It is home to three major tribes – Khasi, Jaintia, and Garo.
• The state hosts other renowned festivals such as:
• Shad Suk Mynsiem – A thanksgiving festival celebrated by the Khasi tribe.
• Wangala Festival – Celebrated by the Garo tribe to honor the Sun God and mark the harvest season.
• Behdienkhlam – Celebrated by the Jaintia tribe to drive away evil spirits and seek prosperity.

The correct answer is magnet.

Key Points

• A compass needle behaves as a tiny magnet that aligns itself with the Earth’s magnetic field.
• The needle is magnetized, possessing a north and south pole, which allows it to interact with the Earth’s magnetic field.
• The north pole of the needle points toward the magnetic north pole (geographically the South Magnetic Pole).
• The compass needle pivots freely, making it a reliable tool for navigation and determining directions.
• It utilizes the principle of magnetism, where opposite poles attract, to indicate the cardinal directions.

Additional Information

• Resistor:
• A resistor is an electronic component that opposes the flow of electric current in a circuit.
• It is used to control voltage and current in electrical circuits.
• Unlike a compass needle, a resistor does not interact with magnetic fields and is unrelated to magnetism.
• Conductor:
• A conductor is a material that allows the free flow of electric current through it due to the presence of free electrons.
• Examples include metals like copper, aluminum, and silver.
• A compass needle, being a magnet, is not related to the properties of electrical conductors.
• Insulator:
• An insulator is a material that resists the flow of electric current.
• Examples include rubber, plastic, and glass.
• Insulators are used to protect and separate electrical conductors but have no role in the functioning of a compass needle.

The correct answer is Telangana.

Key Points

• On 12 March 2024, the Telangana government launched T-Safe, India's first ride monitoring service aimed at ensuring the safety of women passengers.
• The initiative is a collaborative effort between the Telangana government and Telangana Police, integrating technology-driven solutions to enhance women’s safety.
• T-Safe includes features like real-time vehicle tracking, driver monitoring, and emergency response mechanisms for addressing safety concerns during rides.
• The Telangana Police oversee the operations of T-Safe, ensuring women passengers feel secure and their journeys are monitored effectively.
• This initiative reinforces Telangana’s position as a leader in adopting innovative public safety measures, especially for women.

Additional Information

• Tamil Nadu
• Tamil Nadu is known for its proactive measures for women’s safety, including the Amma Patrol initiative launched to ensure the safety of women and children in public spaces.
• The state also has effective measures like women’s helpline numbers and exclusive women-friendly police stations.
• Tripura
• Tripura has been focusing on improving women’s safety through various awareness campaigns and initiatives.
• The state has taken steps to strengthen law enforcement and provide quicker responses to crimes against women.
• Andhra Pradesh
• Andhra Pradesh has implemented the Disha Act, which includes provisions for fast-tracking cases of crimes against women.
• The state has also launched the Disha app, a mobile application to help women in distress, providing immediate assistance and emergency services.

The correct answer is Warli.

Key Points

• The Tarpa dance is a traditional group dance performed by the Warli tribal community, primarily located in the Thane and Palghar districts of Maharashtra.
• This dance is performed during festivals, community gatherings, and special celebrations, serving as a symbol of unity, joy, and social bonding.
• The dance is accompanied by the Tarpa, a wind instrument made from bamboo or gourd, and the dancers move in a circular chain, synchronizing their steps with the rhythm.
• Participants hold hands and perform coordinated movements, showcasing the community's harmony and cultural richness.
• The Tarpa dance reflects the Warli community’s close connection with nature and their vibrant traditional practices.

Additional Information

• Warli Tribe and Culture:
• The Warli tribe is one of the oldest tribal communities in India, predominantly residing in Maharashtra and parts of Gujarat.
• They are known for their Warli art, a unique style of painting that uses simple geometric shapes such as circles, triangles, and lines to depict daily life, rituals, and nature.
• Warli paintings are traditionally created using white rice paste on a red mud background and are often showcased during festivals and weddings.
• Other Tribal Dances in Maharashtra:
• Gond Tribe: The Gond community performs the Karma dance during festivals and weddings to celebrate social gatherings and agricultural harvests.
• Bhil Tribe: The Bhil tribe is known for their energetic and colorful Ghoomar dance, which is performed on special occasions like weddings and festivals.
• Santhal Tribe: Although primarily found in eastern India, the Santhal tribe performs the Santhal dance, a vibrant and rhythmic group dance during community celebrations.
• Significance of Tribal Dances:
• Tribal dances are important expressions of culture, reflecting the traditions, beliefs, and lifestyles of indigenous communities.
• They often carry religious, social, or agricultural significance and serve as a medium to transmit oral traditions across generations.
• Such dances highlight the importance of community bonding and the preservation of cultural heritage.

The correct answer is Seafood.

Key Points

• Seafood is one of the richest natural sources of iodine, an essential mineral required for the proper functioning of the thyroid gland.
• Iodine is found abundantly in fish such as cod, tuna, shrimp, and shellfish, as well as seaweed like kelp and nori.
• Consuming iodine-rich seafood helps in the synthesis of thyroid hormones such as thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which regulate metabolism, growth, and development.
• Regular consumption of seafood can prevent iodine deficiency disorders such as goiter, hypothyroidism, and related developmental issues.
• Seafood provides iodine in bioavailable forms, which makes it easier for the human body to absorb compared to other dietary sources.

Additional Information

• Wheat:
• Wheat is primarily a source of carbohydrates, dietary fiber, and some B vitamins such as folate and niacin.
• It does not naturally contain significant amounts of iodine. However, fortified wheat products may occasionally have added iodine.
• Wheat is not considered a reliable source of iodine for dietary needs.
• Refined Sugar:
• Refined sugar primarily provides empty calories and lacks essential nutrients, including iodine.
• Excessive consumption of refined sugar can lead to health problems such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and dental issues.
• It is not associated with any iodine benefits or contributions to the daily iodine requirement.
• Puffed Rice:
• Puffed rice is a light and airy grain product made by heating rice grains under pressure.
• It is primarily a source of carbohydrates and may contain trace amounts of minerals, but it is not a significant source of iodine.
• Fortification can sometimes add nutrients like iron, but it is not typically enriched with iodine.

The correct answer is Odisha.

Key Points

• The 'Yashoda Yojana' was launched by the Government of Odisha in the Koraput district in 2025.
• This scheme is aimed at providing care and protection to children who are parentless, single-parented, or neglected.
• It ensures children are linked to educational benefits, providing access to proper schooling and development opportunities.
• The initiative emphasizes the welfare of underprivileged and vulnerable children, focusing on their holistic development and security.
• The program aligns with Odisha's commitment to improving child welfare and promoting social security measures within the state.

Additional Information

• Andhra Pradesh
• Andhra Pradesh is known for welfare schemes such as 'Amma Vodi,' which provides financial assistance to mothers for their children's education.
• The state also implements 'YSR Kanti Velugu,' a comprehensive eye care program aimed at treating eye-related issues for its citizens.
• However, no scheme similar to 'Yashoda Yojana' has been launched in Andhra Pradesh in 2025.
• Jharkhand
• Jharkhand focuses on tribal and rural welfare programs, such as the 'Birsa Harit Gram Yojana,' which promotes sustainable livelihoods and afforestation.
• 'Phoolo Jhano Ashirwad Abhiyan' is another initiative aimed at empowering women engaged in manual labor.
• Jharkhand has not introduced a child welfare program like the 'Yashoda Yojana' in 2025.
• Chhattisgarh
• Chhattisgarh has launched schemes like 'Godhan Nyay Yojana,' which encourages animal husbandry and organic farming.
• It also runs 'Mukhyamantri Suposhan Abhiyan,' aimed at eradicating malnutrition among children and women.
• While the state has initiated various welfare programs, it has not implemented a scheme similar to 'Yashoda Yojana' in 2025.

The correct answer is P Sivakami.

Key Points

• P Sivakami is an acclaimed Indian author, activist, and former IAS officer, renowned for her contributions to Dalit literature.
• She is celebrated for her groundbreaking novels such as "The Grip of Change" and "Author’s Notes", which explore caste and gender oppression in Indian society.
• Her literary works have been pivotal in addressing issues of caste discrimination, gender inequality, and the intersectionality of oppression.
• Sivakami is widely regarded as a pioneer of Dalit feminism, using her writings to highlight the unique challenges faced by Dalit women.
• The Verchol Dalit Literary Award is a prestigious recognition in Dalit literature, honoring authors for their remarkable contributions, and P Sivakami was awarded this honor in 2025.

Additional Information

• Yogesh Maitreya:
• He is a contemporary Dalit poet, writer, and publisher, known for his contributions to modern Dalit literature.
• Maitreya’s works often explore the socio-political struggles of Dalits in contemporary India.
• He is the founder of Panther’s Paw Publication, which focuses on publishing Dalit literature and amplifying marginalized voices.
• Yashica Dutt:
• She is the author of "Coming Out as Dalit", a memoir that details her personal journey of embracing her Dalit identity.
• Dutt’s work sheds light on the lived experiences of Dalits and the pervasive caste-based discrimination in Indian society.
• She has been an advocate for caste equity and social justice through her writings and speeches.
• Toral Jatin Gajarawala:
• She is an academic and scholar specializing in South Asian literature and caste studies.
• Her work often examines the intersection of caste, literature, and social justice.
• Gajarawala’s research and writings contribute significantly to the global understanding of Dalit literature and caste dynamics.
• Dalit Literature:
• Dalit literature emerged as a powerful literary movement, giving voice to the experiences and struggles of marginalized communities in India.
• It highlights themes such as caste oppression, social inequality, and the pursuit of justice.
• The movement has produced renowned authors like Baburao Bagul, Namdeo Dhasal, and Sharankumar Limbale.

The correct answer is Dhar.

Key Points

• In September 2025, the foundation stone of India’s first Pradhan Mantri Mega Integrated Textile Region and Apparel (PM MITRA) Park was laid in Dhar district, Madhya Pradesh.
• The PM MITRA Park in Dhar is envisioned to provide world-class industrial infrastructure for the textile sector, encompassing spinning, weaving, dyeing, printing, and garment manufacturing.
• This initiative is expected to generate significant employment opportunities in the region and contribute to the socio-economic development of the area.
• The project aligns with the ‘Atmanirbhar Bharat’ vision, aiming to reduce reliance on imports and boost domestic textile production and exports.
• The PM MITRA scheme is supported under the Union Budget 2021-22 and aims to establish seven textile parks across India over five years, with an outlay of Rs. 4,445 crore.

Additional Information

• About PM MITRA Scheme:
• The PM MITRA scheme was announced with the aim of creating ‘5F Vision’: Farm to Fiber to Factory to Fashion to Foreign.
• The scheme promotes integrated and sustainable textile parks with advanced infrastructure, plug-and-play facilities, and R&D centers.
• These parks will enhance India’s competitiveness in the global textile market and attract large-scale private investments.
• Significance of the Textile Sector in India:
• The textile industry contributes 14% to India’s total industrial production and 11% to its export earnings.
• It is the second-largest employer in India after agriculture, providing direct employment to over 45 million people.
• India is one of the world’s largest producers of textiles and garments, excelling in areas such as cotton, jute, and silk.

The correct answer is Pre-disaster: rehabilitation and recovery of victims.

Key Points

• Disaster management consists of three major phases: Pre-disaster, During disaster, and Post-disaster.
• The phase of rehabilitation and recovery is part of the Post-disaster phase, not the Pre-disaster phase.
• Rehabilitation and recovery activities include rebuilding damaged infrastructure, restoring livelihoods, and providing long-term mental health and social support to victims.
• The Pre-disaster phase is centered on preparedness measures such as vulnerability assessment, public awareness campaigns, and capacity-building activities to mitigate potential disaster risks.
• Therefore, the association of rehabilitation and recovery with the Pre-disaster phase is a mismatch, making Option 2 the correct answer.

Additional Information

• Option 1: During disaster - evacuation of people, setting up shelters and relief camps
• The During disaster phase focuses on immediate response to a disaster to minimize its impact.
• Activities include evacuation of affected individuals, provision of medical aid, setting up temporary shelters, and organizing relief camps.
• Emergency services, rescue operations, and ensuring safety are the main priorities during this phase.
• Option 3: Post-disaster - capacity-building for future resilience and strengthening coping mechanisms
• The Post-disaster phase involves long-term recovery, rehabilitation, and reconstruction efforts.
• Capacity-building activities include training communities to handle future disasters, improving infrastructure, and enhancing coping mechanisms for resilience.
• This phase ensures that communities are better prepared to face similar disasters in the future.
• Option 4: Pre-disaster - preparing vulnerability zoning maps and spreading public awareness
• The Pre-disaster phase focuses on disaster risk reduction and preparedness.
• Activities include creating vulnerability zoning maps to identify high-risk areas, conducting public awareness campaigns, and designing evacuation plans.
• The objective is to reduce disaster risks and ensure communities are equipped to handle emergencies.