The correct answer is #

Key Points

• Excel throws a variety of pound (#) errors such as #VALUE!, #REF!, #NUM, #N/A, #DIV/0!, #NAME?, and #NULL!, to indicate something in your formula isn't working properly.
• A formula always begins with an equal sign (=). Excel for the web interprets the characters that follow the equal sign as a formula.
• Formula errors are useful because they tell you clearly that something is wrong.
• As the name suggests, the #DIV/0! the error appears when a formula tries to divide by zero, or by a value equivalent to zero.
• The #NAME? the error indicates that Excel does not recognize something.
• The #N/A error appears when something can't be found.
• The #NUM! error occurs when a number is too large or small, or when a calculation is impossible.

The correct option is (2)

OneDrive

Key Points

• File & Picture Sharing with Free Cloud Storage OneDrive by Microsoft.
• The Microsoft cloud service that gives you access to all of your files is called OneDrive. It enables you to store and protect your files, share them with others, and access them on all of your devices from anywhere.
• In OneDrive for Business, Microsoft does not support files larger than 15 GB. You might need to use a compression tool for larger files. absence of integrations with outside apps.

Additional Information iCloud:- A cloud storage service provided by Apple, not Microsoft. 

IDrive:- With a single low charge, IDrive offers Online Cloud Backup for PCs, Macs, iPhones, Android, and other Mobile Devices in ONE account.

Dropbox:- Dropbox is a file hosting service offered by Dropbox Incorporated, an American business.

The correct answer is 4) A10:E20.

Key Points

• In MS Excel, cell ranges are denoted using the colon (:) symbol to separate the starting and ending cells.
• A10:E20 refers to all cells in columns A through E, and rows 10 through 20.
• The correct format ensures that both the column letters and row numbers are clearly specified for the range.
• Other formats such as A10-E20 or 10A:30E are invalid as they do not follow Excel's standard syntax rules.
• This standard format is applicable across all Excel versions, including MS Excel 2010.

Additional Information

• MS Excel Syntax: Excel uses a combination of column letters and row numbers (e.g., A1, B5) to identify individual cells or ranges.
• Colon for Ranges: The colon (:) is used to indicate a range of cells, such as A1:C3, which includes all cells from A1 to C3.
• Absolute vs Relative References: Excel allows the use of dollar signs ($) to fix rows or columns in formulas, e.g., $A$1 for an absolute reference.
• Named Ranges: Users can define custom names for cell ranges (e.g., "SalesData") for easier reference in formulas and functions.
• Common Errors: Incorrectly formatted ranges or missing delimiters (e.g., using a hyphen instead of a colon) can result in formula errors$.

The correct answer is Unique address assigned to each web resource.

Key Points

• Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is a reference or address used to access resources on the internet.
• URLs are used to specify the location of a web resource on a computer network and a mechanism for retrieving it.
• The format of a URL is defined in RFC 1738 by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).
• A URL typically consists of the protocol (such as HTTP or HTTPS), the domain name, and the path to the resource.
• Examples include https://www.example.com or ftp://ftp.example.com/file.txt.

Additional Information

• Components of a URL:
• Protocol: Indicates the method used to access the resource, such as HTTP, HTTPS, FTP.
• Domain Name: The human-readable address of the server hosting the resource, e.g., www.example.com.
• Path: Specifies the exact location of the resource on the server, e.g., /folder/file.html.
• Query String: Provides additional parameters for accessing dynamic content, e.g., ?id=123.
• Fragment Identifier: Directs the browser to a specific part of a resource, e.g., #section2.
• HTTP vs. HTTPS:
• HTTP: HyperText Transfer Protocol, the standard protocol for transferring web pages.
• HTTPS: Secure version of HTTP, encrypts data between the client and server.
• HTTPS is critical for protecting sensitive data during online transactions.
• Domain Name System (DNS):
• DNS translates human-readable domain names into IP addresses.
• It functions like the internet's phone book, ensuring proper routing of web traffic.
• Common URL Schemes:
• HTTP: For accessing web pages.
• HTTPS: Secure web page access.
• FTP: File Transfer Protocol for downloading/uploading files.
• MAILTO: For email addresses.
• FILE: For accessing files on the local system.

The correct answer is REVIEW.

Key Points

• The review tab provides tools for spell check, tracking changes, adding and showing comments to the notes, etc.
• This menu provides Restricted editing options that prevent users from modifying or editing the document. This option makes the document read-only.
• Before sending the document to review, the author can add a password for security reasons. This prevents any user from modifying the document.
• Spelling & Grammar, Thesaurus and Word count are the tools available in the Proofing group.
• New comments and Show comments are available in the Comments group.

Additional Information

• Comments group lets you add a comment, notes or suggestions to the document. You can add a new comment or see the comments.
• A thesaurus is like a dictionary that lets you quickly search the synonyms and antonyms for different words.
• The Editor in the proofing group lets you check the spelling and grammar in the text.
• The word count option shows the statistics that contain the number of words, spaces, pages etc.

The correct answer is Ctrl + M

Key Points

• Ctrl + M: This keyboard shortcut in Microsoft PowerPoint is used to insert a new slide in the current presentation. When you use this command, the new slide inserted will use the same layout as the currently selected slide.

Additional Information

• Ctrl + O: Open an existing presentation.
• Ctrl + F: Find a specific text.
• Ctrl + N: Create a new presentation.

The correct answer is Alt+Enter.

Key Points

• In Microsoft Excel, when you're editing the text within a cell and you want to insert a line break (i.e., start a new line within the same cell), you use the Alt+Enter keyboard shortcut.
• This command tells Excel to insert a carriage return, effectively splitting the text into two or more lines within the same cell.
• This is particularly useful for creating better readability in cells that contain a significant amount of text, allowing for a more organized presentation of data, or fitting text neatly within the column width without having to expand it.

Additional Information

• Ctrl+Enter is used to fill the selected cell range with the current entry.
• Ctrl+Shift+Enter is used when entering array formulas that will output multiple values across different cells.
• Ctrl+hyphen (-) is a shortcut for deleting selected cells, rows, or columns, depending on the current selection.

The correct answer is Tim Berners Lee

Key Points

• Tim Berners-Lee:
• Tim Berners-Lee is a British computer scientist who invented the World Wide Web in 1989 while working at CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research) in Switzerland.
• He proposed the concept of a global hypertext system to facilitate information-sharing among researchers.
• His invention led to the development of the first web browser and web server, revolutionizing the way information is accessed and shared worldwide.

 Additional Information

• Alan Turing:
• Alan Turing was a British mathematician, logician, and cryptanalyst who is widely considered the father of theoretical computer science and artificial intelligence. He made significant contributions to the Allied efforts during World War II by breaking the German Enigma code. Although Turing laid foundational work for computing.
• Claude Shannon:
• Claude Shannon was an American mathematician, electrical engineer, and cryptographer known as the "father of information theory." His groundbreaking work laid the foundation for digital circuit design theory and provided the mathematical framework for digital communication. While Shannon's work was pivotal for modern computing and communication systems.
• Herman Hollerith:
• Herman Hollerith was an American inventor and entrepreneur who developed the punched card tabulating machine, which was used for the 1890 United States Census. His invention laid the foundation for modern automated data processing systems and played a crucial role in the development of early computing technology.

The correct option is (4)

Spyware

Key Points

• Spyware is a type of application that can be placed on your personal computers with or without your consent to collect data about users, their browsing, or their computer habits.
• It secretly records everything you do and sends it to a remote user.
• Malicious software, often known as malware, such as spyware, is placed on a computer without the end user's knowledge.
• The device is invaded, sensitive data and internet usage statistics are stolen, and they are then relayed to advertising, data companies, or outside users.

Additional Information Fork Bomb:- The fork system call is repeatedly utilized in a denial of service (DoS) attack known as a fork bomb (sometimes referred to as a "rabbit virus") until all system resources carry out a command.

Boot Sector Virus:- A boot sector virus is a type of malware that affects the Master Boot Record (MBR) of a hard drive or the boot partition of a system.

Memory Resident Virus:- Memory-resident viruses are those that remain in a computer's memory even after the 'host' application or software has terminated (been terminated).

The correct answer is POP.

Key Points

• Email protocols are a set of rules defined to ensure the reliable and secure exchange of data between various servers. These protocols define how an email has to be encoded, sent, received and rendered.
• Various protocols are used for email delivery, such as Post-Office Protocol (POP), Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP), Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) etc.
• In POP, the POP client is installed on the recipient system, and the POP server is installed on the recipient's mail server. It is used to retrieve email from an email server for client applications. Hence option 3 is correct.
• POP is an application layer protocol. It supports offline access to email, but to access offline, email has to be downloaded. This protocol is used to retrieve emails for a single client.

Additional Information

• SMTP transfers emails between email clients and servers but primarily for sending emails.
• It is a transport layer protocol and is sometimes paired with POP and IMAP to retrieve emails. SMTP is reliable because it sends an error message if the mail is not delivered to the receiver.
• IMAP is an application layer protocol used to retrieve mail for multiple clients. It supports both offline access and online access to email.
• It allows two-way sync of emails between the email server and the email client.
• Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension Protocol (MIME) is a protocol that allows non-ASCII values to be sent through SMTP. 
• It supports different data like images, videos, audio files, etc., and allows multiple attachments with a single message.