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The correct answer is Wheat and rice, through High Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds.

Key Points

• The Green Revolution in India was launched in the mid-1960s, specifically starting around 1965-66, to address chronic food shortages and achieve national food security.
• The movement was spearheaded by M.S. Swaminathan, known as the Father of Green Revolution in India, who adapted the scientific breakthroughs of Nobel Laureate Norman Borlaug to Indian conditions.
• The primary focus was the introduction of High Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds, which were genetically modified to be semi-dwarf and highly responsive to chemical fertilizers.
• The revolution initially targeted Wheat through varieties like Lerma Rojo and Sonora 64, later expanding significantly into Rice production with the IR8 variety.
• Key technological components included the expansion of irrigation infrastructure, the use of synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, and the mechanization of farm labor through tractors and tillers.
• Geographically, the first phase was concentrated in the states of Punjab, Haryana, and Western Uttar Pradesh due to their existing irrigation facilities.

 Additional Information

• High Yielding Variety Program (HYVP):
• This policy was implemented during the Fourth Five-Year Plan to provide farmers with subsidised inputs and technical assistance.
• It fundamentally shifted Indian agriculture from subsistence farming to commercial farming.
• Impact on Food Grains:
• India transitioned from a food-deficit nation dependent on imports (like the PL-480 program from the USA) to a food-surplus nation.
• The Food Corporation of India (FCI) was strengthened during this era to maintain buffer stocks and ensure Price Support Operations.
• Limitations and Subsequent Phases:
• The initial Green Revolution largely bypassed Pulses and Oilseeds, which led to the later launch of the Yellow Revolution (oilseeds) and Blue Revolution (fisheries).
• Contemporary efforts focus on an Evergreen Revolution, aiming for ecological sustainability alongside high productivity.

The correct answer is Major Dhyan Chand.

Key Points

• National Sports Day, also known as Rashtriya Khel Divas, is celebrated across India annually on August 29.
• The day commemorates the birth anniversary of Major Dhyan Chand, a legendary field hockey player born in 1905 in Allahabad (now Prayagraj).
• Dhyan Chand is widely regarded as the greatest hockey player of all time, earning nicknames like 'The Wizard' and 'The Magician' due to his superlative ball control and goal-scoring prowess.
• He played a central role in India winning three consecutive Olympic Gold Medals in field hockey during the years 1928 (Amsterdam), 1932 (Los Angeles), and 1936 (Berlin).
• The Government of India officially designated this day as National Sports Day in 2012 to inspire the youth and promote a culture of sports and physical fitness.
• On this occasion, the President of India confers prestigious National Sports Awards, including the Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award, Arjuna Award, and Dronacharya Award, at Rashtrapati Bhavan.

 Additional Information

• Milkha Singh:
• Commonly known as 'The Flying Sikh', he was a world-class sprinter who won gold at the 1958 Commonwealth Games and finished fourth in the 400m final at the 1960 Rome Olympics.
• Sachin Tendulkar:
• Known as the 'Master Blaster', he is the highest run-scorer in international cricket and the first sportsperson to be honored with the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian award.
• Kapil Dev:
• A legendary all-rounder and former captain who led the Indian Cricket Team to its historic first World Cup title in 1983 by defeating the West Indies.
• Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna:
• In August 2021, the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award, India's highest sporting honor, was renamed the Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award to honor the hockey icon's legacy.

The correct answer is Guerilla warfare tactics and a deep understanding of Deccan topography..

Key Points

• Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj pioneered a strategic military doctrine known as Ganimi Kava, which translates to guerilla warfare, focusing on surprise attacks and high mobility.
• The Deccan topography, defined by the rugged Sahyadri mountain ranges, dense forests, and narrow valleys, served as a natural fortress for the Maratha army against the numerically superior Mughals.
• His forces utilized hit-and-run tactics, which involved attacking Mughal supply lines and camps at night or in difficult terrain and retreating to the safety of hill forts before the enemy could retaliate.
• By avoiding pitched battles on open plains, Shivaji neutralized the Mughal heavy cavalry and artillery, forcing them into narrow mountain passes where their sheer numbers became a disadvantage.
• The Mawal infantry, recruited from local hill tribes, possessed an intimate knowledge of the Western Ghats, allowing them to navigate treacherous paths that were inaccessible to the Mughal imperial forces.

 Additional Information

• Hill Forts:
• Shivaji controlled over 300 forts at the time of his death, including Raigad, Pratapgad, and Sinhagad, which acted as administrative and military hubs.
• These forts were strategically located to monitor trade routes and provide refuge during Mughal invasions.
• Naval Strategy:
• Known as the Father of the Indian Navy, he established a coastal fleet to counter the Siddis and European powers, but this was secondary to his land-based guerilla tactics against Aurangzeb.
• Direct Confrontation:
• Unlike the Rajputs, who often engaged in direct frontal assaults, Shivaji strategically avoided open-field combat where the Mughal cavalry was most effective.
• Siege Warfare:
• While European siege warfare relied on heavy bombardment, Shivaji focused on swift escalation and internal intelligence to capture forts, often using Ghorpads (monitor lizards) or expert climbers for stealth entry.

The correct answer is Swimming Federation of India.

Key Points

• The 77^th Senior National Aquatic Championships 2024 was successfully organized by the Swimming Federation of India (SFI), the national governing body for aquatic sports in the country.
• The prestigious event was held from September 10 to September 13, 2024, at the Sandeep Sejwal City Aquatics Centre located in Yelahanka, Bengaluru.
• The championship featured top-tier competitions across three major disciplines: Swimming, Diving, and Water Polo, serving as a platform for athletes to qualify for international meets.
• The Swimming Federation of India is a member of World Aquatics (formerly known as FINA) and the Asia Aquatics, ensuring that the competition adheres to international technical standards.
• Prominent teams such as the Services Sports Control Board (SSCB), Railway Sports Promotion Board (RSPB), and various state units participated, with Karnataka often being a dominant force in the medal tally.

 Additional Information

• Athletics Federation of India (AFI):
• Founded in 1946, it is the apex body for athletics in India and is responsible for managing the National Inter-State Senior Athletics Championships.
• It is affiliated with World Athletics and the Asian Athletics Association.
• All India Football Federation (AIFF):
• Established in 1937 and headquartered in New Delhi, it governs the sport of football, including the Santosh Trophy and the Indian National Team.
• It received FIFA affiliation in 1948, shortly after India's independence.
• Wrestling Federation of India (WFI):
• The governing body for wrestling in India, it promotes both Freestyle and Greco-Roman wrestling styles.
• It is responsible for selecting athletes for the Olympic Games and World Championships in coordination with the United World Wrestling (UWW).

The correct answer is Handles anti-doping enforcement in India.

Key Points

• The National Anti-Doping Agency (NADA) is the primary organization in India responsible for promoting, coordinating, and monitoring the anti-doping program in all forms of sports.
• It was established as a registered society on November 24, 2005, under the Societies Registration Act of 1860 to ensure a drug-free environment in Indian sports.
• NADA operates as an autonomous body under the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports, Government of India.
• The primary mandate of the agency is the implementation of anti-doping rules that are consistent with the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) code.
• Its core functions include sample collection (both urine and blood), conducting testing, monitoring athletes through Whereabouts information, and investigating anti-doping rule violations (ADRVs).
• NADA is also responsible for the Therapeutic Use Exemption (TUE) process, allowing athletes to use necessary medications that might otherwise be on the prohibited list.

 Additional Information

• World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA):
• Established in 1999 and headquartered in Montreal, Canada, WADA is the international independent agency that sets the global standards for anti-doping.
• It maintains the Prohibited List, which is updated annually to include substances and methods banned in sports.
• The National Anti-Doping Act, 2022:
• This landmark legislation provides statutory authority to NADA and the National Dope Testing Laboratory (NDTL).
• It empowers NADA to conduct searches and seizures and establishes a legal framework for consequences for athletes who violate doping norms.
• National Dope Testing Laboratory (NDTL):
• Located in New Delhi, it is the premier analytical testing laboratory in India, accredited by WADA for testing sport samples.
• Anti-Doping Administration and Management System (ADAMS):
• NADA utilizes this web-based database to coordinate anti-doping activities and track athlete data globally.

Logic followed here is,

3 + 2² = 3 + 4 = 7

7 + 3² = 7 + 9 = 16

16 + 4² = 16 + 16 = 32

32 + 5² = 32 + 25 = 57

Hence, the correct answer is “Option 2”.

Given diagram is 8 × 8 Grid.

• There are 9 vertical gird lines(Including the left and right borders)
• There are 9 horizontal gird lines(Including the top and bottom borders)

Rectangles are determined by choosing

• Any two of the vertical lines, and
• Any two of horizontal lines

So, the total number of rectangles  = ⁹C₂ × ⁹C₂ 

⇒ (9! \ 7! 2!) × (9! \ 7! 2!)

⇒ 36 × 36

⇒ 1296

​There are 1296 rectangles present in the given figure.

Hence, the correct answer is “Option 1”.

Here,​

Figures A, C, and D share the same property of being linear shapes. like, +,  -,  ×.

While,

Figure B  stands out as the only non-linear/curved shape.

Therefore, the figure that is different from the others is B.

Hence, the correct answer is “Option 2”.

The logic followed here is :

A "Knife" is used to "Cut".

Similarly,

A "Pen" is used to "Write".

Hence, the correct answer is "option (1)".

Additional Information 

Pattern followed here is,

Hence, the correct answer is “Option 2”.