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CP of article 1 = 1200 ÷ 1.2 = 1000

CP of article 2 = 1350 ÷ 0.9 = 1500

Total CP = 1000 + 1500 = 2500

Total Profit = (1200 − 1000) + (1350 − 1500) = 200 − 150 = 50

Gain % = (50 ÷ 2500) × 100 = 2%

∴ The correct answer is 2 percent.

Alternate Method

Given: SP₁ = ₹1200, Profit = 20% | SP₂ = ₹1350, Loss = 10%

Formula Used: CP = SP × 100 ÷ (100 ± P/L %)

CP1 = 1000 +200 SP1 = ₹1200 CP2 = 1500 -150 Loss SP2 = ₹1350 Total CP = ₹2500 Total SP = ₹2550 Gain = ₹50

⇒ Cost Price of Article 1 (CP₁) = 1200 × (100 ÷ 120)

⇒ CP₁ = ₹1000

⇒ Cost Price of Article 2 (CP₂) = 1350 × (100 ÷ 90)

⇒ CP₂ = ₹1500

⇒ Total CP = 1000 + 1500 = ₹2500

⇒ Total SP = 1200 + 1350 = ₹2550

⇒ Total Gain = 2550 − 2500 = ₹50

⇒ Gain Percent = (50 ÷ 2500) × 100

⇒ Gain Percent = 50 ÷ 25 = 2%

∴ The correct answer is 2 percent.

Additional Information

Net Profit/Loss when SP is same

If two articles are sold at the same SP, one at x% profit and another at x% loss, there is always a loss of (x/10)² %.

Marked Price and Discount

Selling Price (SP) = Marked Price (MP) × (100 − Discount%) ÷ 100.

Successive Discounts

For two successive discounts of a% and b%, the effective discount is (a + b − ab/100)%.

Calculation 

Let the number be x 

According to Question

⇒ 14² + 13² = 196 + 169 = 365 

361 is a perfect square which is near by 365 

so, 365 - x = 361 

⇒ x = 4 

∴ 4 is minimum number

Given 

The average weight of A, B and C = 72 kg

The average weight of A and B = 78 kg

The average weight of A and C = 71 kg

Formula Used 

Average = Sum of data/No. of data 

Calculation

Total weight of A, B and C = (A + B + C) × 3 = 72 × 3 = 216 kg

Total weight of A and B = (A + B) × 2 = 78 × 2 = 156 kg

Total weight of A and C = (A + C) × 2 = 71 × 2 = 142 kg

Weight of C = Total weight of A, B and C - Total weight of A and B = 216 - 156 = 60

Weight of A = Total weight of A and C - Weight of C = 142 - 60 = 82 kg

∴ The Weight of A is 82 kg

Given

Number of units produced of an item by 3 companies in various years

Calculation

The Average of each year for all 3 companies

⇒ Average of year 2014 = (440 + 400 + 360)/3 = 1200/3 = 400

⇒ Average of year 2015 = (400 + 520 + 300)/3 = 1220/3 = 407

⇒ Average of year 2016 = (450 + 430 + 520)/3 = 1403/3 = 467

⇒ Average of year 2017 = (420 + 330 + 450)/3 = 1200/3 = 400

⇒ Average of year 2018 = (500 + 580 + 500)/3 = 1580/3 = 527

From above data 

∴ The average production was same in which year by the companies is2014 and 2017 Year

Given

Two sides of a parallelogram = 15 cm and 20 cm

Altitude to corresponding to the side of the length 15 cm = 4 cm

Formula Used 

Area of Parallelogram = Base × Height

Calculation

The given figure ABCD is a parallelogram with AO is the altitude corresponding to the side CD and CP is the altitude corresponding to side AD.

So, Take AD = 20 cm CD = 15cm and AO = 4cm. 

We have to find length of CP.

⇒  Area of a parallelogram with base CD and altitude AO is,

 Area of parallelogram ABCD = CD × AO

⇒ 15 × 4  = 60 cm                     

Area of parallelogram = 60 cm 

⇒ Area of parallelogram ABCD with base AD and altitude CP, as area will remain same.

Area of parallelogram ABCD=AD × CP

⇒ 60 = 20 × CP

⇒ CP = 3 cm

∴ The altitude to the side of length 3 cm

Calculation:

From the graph,

100% → 20,000

Second highest selling size = M = 24%

Second lowest selling size = XXL = 9%

Difference between second highest and second lowest selling sizes = 24% — 9% = 15%

The difference in number = 15 × 20,000/100 = 3000

∴ The required difference is 3000.

Given

The diagonal of rectangular pool = 25 ft

Formula Used 

H² = P² + B²

Area of rectangle = Length × Breadth

Calculation 

In Δ ABD 

⇒ 25² = 20² + AD² 

⇒ AD = 15 

Area of Rectangle = AB × AD = 20 × 15 = 300 sq.ft. 

∴ The Area of Rectangle is 300 sq. ft.

Given

Percentage of Simple interest received on amount = 80%

Time for Simple interest t = 10 years

Principal P = Rs.10000

Time of Compound interest t = 2years

Formula used

Simple interest = P × r × t /100

Compound interest = P(1 + r /100)^t - P

Calculation

For Simple interest

Simple Interest on amount = 80% of amount

⇒ 80/100 × 10000

⇒  Rs.8000

Simple interest = P × r × t / 100

⇒ 8000 = 10000 × r × 10 /100

⇒ r = 8 % per annum

For compound interest 

Rate of compound interest as determined above = 8 % per annum

Compound interest = P(1 + r /100)^t- P

⇒ 10000(1 + 8 /100)2 - 10000

⇒ 10000(27/25)² - 10000

⇒ 10000 × 27/25 ×27/25 - 10000

⇒ 11664 - 10000

⇒ Rs.1664

∴Compound interest is Rs.1664

Calculation:

⇒ Smallest 3-digit number divisible by 15 = 105

⇒ Now ,105/7 = 15

∴ the smallest 3-digit number divisible by 15 is divided by 7 then, the quotient is 15.

Given

Four numbers = 25, 40, 45 and 75

Calculation

The greatest 4 digit number = 9999

Factors of 25, 40, 45 and 75

⇒ 25 = 5×5

⇒ 40 = 2×2×2×5

⇒ 45 = 3×3×5

⇒ 75 = 3×5×5

⇒ LCM of given four numbers = 2×2×2×3×3×5×5 = 1800

Dividing 9999 by 1800 the remainder will be = 999

Biggest 4 digit number divisible by 25, 40, 45 and 75 = greatest 4 digit number - remainder

⇒ 9999 - 999

⇒  9000

∴ Biggest 4 digit number divisible by 25, 40, 45 and 75 = 9000