Search Previous Year Questions

The correct answer is proteins.

Key Points

• Enzymes are  mostly made up of Protein.
• Enzymes are produced naturally in our body.
• The enzymes in our body help to perform very important tasks. These  include building muscle, destroying toxins, and breaking down food particles during digestion.
• There are three main types of digestive enzymes required for proper digestive system function.
• ​Amylase :- breaks down starches and carbohydrates into sugars
• Lipase :- break down lipids, which are fat and oil into glycerol and fatty acid.
• Protease :- breaks down proteins into amino acid.

 Additional Information

• Protein is know as building Block of our body. Because, the main function of protein in the body is to build and repair cells and tissues. This includes supporting muscle development and all other cells in the body.
• Sources of protein :- Milk, Egg, Meat, Fish Nuts, Pulses, Soyabean, Apples, Apricots, Blueberries, Cherries and Grapefruit. etc.
• Protein deficiency leads to Kwashiorkor and Marasmus diseases in children

The correct answer is ​Edward Jenner.

Key Points

• Edward Jenner pioneered Vaccination.
• He discovered Vaccine for Small pox in 1796.
• He was also called as Father of Immunology.
• Small Pox was finally eradicated in year 1977 all over the world.

Additional InformationRobert Koch:

• Robert Koch was a microbiologist and German physician.
• He established the basic causative agents of tuberculosis, cholera, and anthrax as one of the key pioneers of modern bacteriology, and also provided scientific support for the idea of infectious disease, which included experiments on humans and animals.
• In 1905, he received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his studies on tuberculosis.
• Research into tuberculosis and tropical diseases earned him the Prussian Order Pour le Merite in 1906.

Elie Metchnikoff: 

• Élie Metchnikoff, was a Russian-French zoologist best known for his pioneering research in immunology.
• He and Paul Ehrlich were jointly awarded the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "in recognition of their work on immunity.

​Joseph Lister:

• He was a pioneer of antiseptic surgery and preventative medicine.
• Joseph Lister revolutionised the craft of surgery in the same manner that John Hunter revolutionised the science of surgery.

The correct answer is centrifugation.

Key Points

• The working principle of a washing machine is centrifugation.
• Centrifugation is a separation process that uses the action of centrifugal force to promote accelerated settling of particles in a solid-liquid mixture.
• Hence the correct answer is **Centrifugation.**​

Additional Information

Centrifugation-

• Centrifugation is a technique used for the separation of particles from a solution according to their size, shape, density, viscosity of the medium and rotor speed.
• The particles are suspended in a liquid medium and placed in a centrifuge tube.
• The tube is then placed in a rotor and spun at a defined speed.

The correct answer is glass.

Key Points

• Speed of light is inversely proportional to refractive index.
• The ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in a medium is called the refractive index of that medium.
• It is also called as absolute refractive index.
• The vacuum has a refractive index of 1.
• The refractive index of water is 1.333.
• The refractive index of kerosene is 1.44.
• The refractive index of flint glass is 1.65.
• The refractive index of diamond is 2.42.
• Hence Speed of light is minimum in Diamond.
• The change in the speed of light when it passes through a diamond is
• ⇒ Δs  = (1.24 - 3) × 108 = -1.76 × 108 m/s
• The speed of light when passing through a diamond decreases by 59%.

The correct answer is ​Speed.

Key Points

• The distance covered by an object in a unit time as the speed of the object.
• Speed is a scaler quantity.
• A scalar quantity is a quantity with magnitude only. It is specified completely by a single number, along with the proper unit. Examples are : the distance between two points, mass of an object, the temperature of a body and the time at which a certain event happened.
• A vector quantity is a quantity that has both a magnitude and a direction and obeys the triangle law of addition or equivalently the parallelogram law of addition.
• So, a vector is specified by giving its magnitude by a number and its direction.
• Some physical quantities that are represented by vectors are displacement, velocity, acceleration and force.
• Torque is a type of force.

The correct answer is decrease.

Key Points

• If the earth is not spinning, the weight of the body has been mg. the earth rotating around its polar axis will make the body under circular motion too. Suppose the object is present at an angle ϕ with the polar axis, then the distance (radius) from the axis is Rsinϕ. The centripetal force is given by mv2ror, if the object is at a distance r from the axis. Therefore, we may write
• mg′=mg−mω2Rsinϕ
• cancelling the m, we get
• g′=g−ω2Rsinϕ
• In the question it has been asked to find what happens to the g when our object is at equator. So, we are given ϕ=900
• This clearly helps us see that the object at the equator will have g’ that is smaller than the actual g.
• Therefore, the correct answer is (1), The weight of the body decreases.

The correct answer is Galileo.

Key Points

• The Italian physicist Galileo Galilei is credited with being the first to measure speed.
• Galileo defined speed as the distance covered per unit of time.
• The speed of an object is the magnitude of the change of its position over time or the magnitude of the change of its position per unit of time; it is thus a scalar quantity.

Additional Information Isaac Newton

• He is known as the "Father of Physics".
• He is well known for his discoveries in optics (white light composition) and mathematics (calculus)
• He formulated the three laws of motion—the basic principles of modern physics.
• His formulation of the laws of motion resulted in the law of universal gravitation.

​Kepler: 

• Johannes Kepler created three laws of planetary motion.
• The path of the planets about the sun is elliptical in shape, with the centre of the sun being located at one focus. (The Law of Ellipses)
• An imaginary line drawn from the centre of the sun to the centre of the planet will sweep out equal areas in equal intervals of time. (The Law of Equal Areas)
• The ratio of the squares of the periods of any two planets is equal to the ratio of the cubes of their average distances from the sun. (The Law of Harmonies)

The correct answer is Avogadro's law.

Key Points

• Avogadro's law is an experimental gas law relating the volume of a gas to the amount of substance of gas present.
• The law is a specific case of the ideal gas law. Avogadro's law states that "equal volumes of all gases, at the same temperature and pressure, have the same number of molecules.
• The law is named after Amedeo Avogadro who, in 1812, hypothesized that two given samples of an ideal gas, of the same volume and at the same temperature and pressure, contain the same number of molecules.

 Additional InformationCoriolis Effect:

• The Coriolis effect is the pattern of deflection which objects take while travelling through long distances on Earth.
• The key to the Coriolis effect is the result of Earth’s rotation.

Graham's Law: 

• Graham's law states that the rate of diffusion or effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass.

Pascal's Principle:

• Pascal’s principle: Pascal’s Law is the principle of transmission of fluid pressure.
• It says that "a pressure exerted anywhere in a point of the confined fluid is transmitted equally in all directions throughout the fluid

The correct answer is Albert Einstein.

Key Points

• Relativity is a theorem, formulated by Albert Einstein, which states that space and time are relative and all the motion must be relative to a frame of reference.
• It is a notion that states, laws of physics are the same everywhere. This theory is simple but hard to understand.
• It states
• There is no absolute reference frame, if the object or momentum is only in relation to other objects, then velocity can be measured.
• The speed of light is constant irrespective of who measures it or how fast the person measuring it, is moving.
• Albert Einstein's Theory of Relativity encompasses two theories, namely special relativity theory and general relatively Theory.
• Special Theory of Relativity:
• Einstein first introduced this term in the year 1905. It is a theorem that deals with the structure of space-time. Einstein explained this theory based on two postulates.
• The laws of physics are the same for all irrespective of the velocity of the observer.
• The speed of light is always constant regardless of the motion of the light source or the motion of the observer.
• General Theory of Relativity:
• General relativity theory developed by Einstein in the year 1907-1915 states that being at rest in the gravitational field and accelerating is identical physically.
• For example, an observer can see the ball the same way on the rocket and on Earth. This is due to the acceleration of the rocket, which is equal to 9.8 m/s2. This theory relates to Newton's gravitational theory and special relativity.
• Gravitational Time dilation: Gravity influences the passage of time. Clocks in the deeper gravitational wells run slower than in general gravitational levels.
• Light rays will bend in the gravitational field.
• The universe is expanding, and parts of it are moving away from Earth faster than the speed of light.

The correct answer is Thomson effect.

Key PointsThomson effect

• Thomson effect is the evolution or absorption of heat when an electric current passes through a circuit composed of a single material that has a temperature difference along its length.

Seebeck Effect

• In Seebeck Effect, a temperature difference between two dissimilar electrical conductors produces a potential difference across the junctions of the two different metals. The cause of this potential difference is the diffusion of free electrons from a high electron-density region to a low electron-density region.