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The correct answer is cartilage.

Key Points

• The human skeleton system consists of bones and cartilage.
• It protects internal organs and provides support to the body.
• Cartilage is a type of connective tissue.
• Cartilage consists of chondrocytes.
• It is flexible and also acts as a shock absorber.
• The parts of the skeleton that are not as hard as bones and which can be bent are called cartilage.
• It is present in the outer ear and tip of the nose.
• It also forms joints and aid in locomotion.

Additional InformationVertebrae:

• It is also known as a spine.
• It is bony and is joined together by cartilage.
• It is curved and provides support to the body.

Carpals:

• It is present in the wrist region.
• It is 8 in number.
• It provides flexibility and support to soft tissues.

The correct answer is alga and a fungus.

Key Points

• Lichen
• It is a symbiotic relationship between algae and fungi.
• The fungus provides a stable surface for the algae to grow on.
• The algae produce food for both partners through photosynthesis.
• This mutualistic relationship allows lichen to survive in harsh environments, such as rock surfaces and tree bark.
• The fungal component of lichen is responsible for
• retaining moisture and
• protecting the algae from harmful UV rays.
• The algae component provides the energy needed for
• growth and
• reproduction
• This unique symbiosis relationship between algae and fungus sets lichen apart from other forms of plant life.

Additional Information

• Fungus and Bacterium
• A few times, cyanobacterium, NOT bacterium, is also found in lichens.
• Cyanobacteria are a type of photosynthetic bacteria
• They produce oxygen as a by-product of their photosynthesis.
• They are some of the oldest known life forms and have been around for over 3 billion years.
• Cyanobacteria are commonly found in
• freshwater
• marine environments
• in soil and
• on rocks.
• Algae and Virus
• The virus is a parasite, and it usually feeds off its host.
• There are some cases where viruses protect algae, but it is still under research.
• Algae can also produce antiviral compounds that help protect them from infection

The correct answer is at an angle with substratum.

Key Points

• Mosquito is a vector and transmits the disease.
• Insects, when fed on human blood transmit the pathogen.
• Anopheles transmits malaria parasites.
• Culex transmits the west nile virus and filarial nematodes.
• There are differences between female culex and female anopheles in their feeding pattern, size, eggs, and habitat.
• Female Anopheles body rests **at an angle to the substratum Culex body rests **parallel to the substratum.
• Anopheles mosquito makes angles its body at 45 degrees from the surface.

Additional InformationAnopheles mosquito:

• It lives in warmer environmental conditions.
• It lays a boat-shaped egg.
• It does not have palpi.

Culex mosquito:

• It lives in colder environmental conditions.
• It lays cigar-shaped eggs.
• It has palpi near its proboscis.

The correct answer is lymphocytes.

Key Points

• Immunity is protection from infectious agents.
• The immune system consists of cells that kill the invading pathogen.
• Our body comprises lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils.
• Lymphocyte is a type of agranulocyte.
• It is B-Lymphocyte and T-lymphocytes.
• T-lymphocytes help in the production of antibodies,  killing the pathogen.
• B-lymphocytes produce antibodies and bind with a foreign antigen.
• The most important cell type associated with the immunity of the body is lymphocytes.
• Lymphocytes are formed inside bone marrow by hematopoiesis.
• T-lymphocytes mature in the thymus, and B- lymphocytes differentiate and mature inside the bone marrow itself.

Additional InformationRBCs:

• It is an erythrocyte.
• It is without a nucleus and biconcave in shape.
• It helps in the transport of gases.

Platelets:

• It is thrombocytes.
• It helps in blood clotting.

The correct answer is Muscles can only push the bone.

Key Points

• Muscles are part of the human skeletal system.
• Myofibers form muscles and parallel bundles of myofibrils form these muscles.
• Muscles consist of various proteins such as actin, myosin, troponin, and tropomyosin.
• It helps in locomotion.
• Muscles can both pull and push bones. The action of a muscle depends on its orientation relative to the bone and its contraction.
• Muscles can act as either agonists or antagonists. Agonist muscles contract to produce movement by pulling on bones, while antagonist muscles relax to allow that movement. For example, when you flex your biceps to lift a weight, your biceps muscle (agonist) contracts and pulls on your forearm bone (radius), causing your forearm to move upward. Meanwhile, the triceps muscle (antagonist) relaxes to allow this movement.
• It is because muscles contract with the help of proteins actin and myosin.
• Muscles work in pairs.
• One muscle contracts and the other relaxes, thus working in pairs.
• Muscles get shorter, stiffer, and thicker when contracted.
• The length of sarcomere shortens while contracting.
• Muscles become longer and thinner while relaxing.

Additional Information Below is the structure of the muscle

• Its outer plasma membrane is termed sarcolemma.
• Its cytoplasm is termed sarcoplasm.
• Its endoplasmic reticulum is the sarcoplasmic reticulum and is rich in calcium ions.

The correct answer is a horse of less brightness.

Key Points

• An image of a white horse is captured by the convex lens.
• Since the light falling on the curved portion won't react at the picture point, the white horse's entire image is produced, but its intensity is reduced.
• A horse of less brightness is produced by the lens.

Convex Lens:

• The convex lens is relatively thick in the center and thin at the lower and higher borders.
• It converges light rays that travel parallel to its principal axis.
• Instead of curving inside, the edges are curled outward.

Concave Lens:

• A concave lens has thicker edges and a thinner center.
• It is one that bends a straight light beam away from the source and focuses it into a distorted, upright virtual image.

The correct answer is None of the above

Confusion Points

• It is true that the shrillness of sound is determined by its frequency but frequency and wavelength are inversely proportionate. So, it is also true to say that the shrillness of sound depends on its wavelength.
• Since frequency and wavelength are inseparably interlinked (velocity= wavelength x frequency and velocity are constant in a medium).

Key Points

• The Shrillness of the sound is determined by the frequency of the vibration.
• High-pitched noises can be characterized as having a shrill quality.
• We describe a sound as being harsh and having a higher pitch if the vibration frequency is higher.
• Low pitch is a description of a sound whose vibration frequency is lower.
• Pitch can be thought of as the unit of measurement for sound frequency expressed in Hertz.

The velocity of Sound:

• The distance that sound energy will travel through that material in a specific amount of time.
• It depends on the material's density, acoustic impedance, and temperature.

The amplitude of Sound:

• The height of a sound wave is quantified by its amplitude.
• The loudness or the maximum displacement of vibrating medium particles from their mean position at the time the sound is produced.

Wavelength of Sound:

• The distance separating two wave crests or troughs that occur consecutively.

The correct answer is Photovoltaic cell.

Confusion Points

• Photoelectric device means which uses the photoelectric effect, in other words, which produces electricity/electric signal from light.
• A photovoltaic cell is one such device. Other devices in the option are exactly the opposite of this, in other words, they produce light on the flow of electricity.

Key Points

Photovoltaic cell:

• A photovoltaic panel usually referred to as a module, is a structure made up of connected unique cells that produce an electric current when exposed to sunlight.
• An electric field is produced when the cells are exposed to the sun.
• Photovoltaic cells or commonly known as solar cells have vast use in digital technology.
• For example entire satellite communication depends on it since this is the main source of power for it.

Additional Information

Photodiodes:

• Photodiodes are used to accurately measure light intensity.
• The photodiode works on the concept that an electric current begins to flow through it when the junction of this two-terminal semiconductor device is lit.
• Photodiodes are utilized in CD players, smoke detectors, medical equipment, and the receivers for infrared remote controls used to operate everything from air conditioners to televisions.
• Photodiodes all are used in photoelectric devices according to the requirements.
• Devices like cameras, medical equipment, automobiles, and in many other applications.

Photoemitter:

• A substance that emits photoemitted electrons when illuminated.
• Emitting photons, particularly from metallic surfaces.

The correct option is rolling friction.

Key PointsBall Bearings:

• A device known as a ball-bearing is made up of two rings and two freely moving metal balls.
• It is intended to prevent sliding by forcing a machine's moving elements to roll over one another.
• The static friction is changed into rolling friction by them.

The correct option is decrease the rate of change of momentum.

Key Points

• The ball's time being held by the goalkeeper extends. By extending the period of time, he decreases the force rate of change of momentum that the football exerts on him.

Second Law of Motion by Newton:

• According to the second rule of motion, a body's force is equal to the product of its mass and acceleration.
• The rate at which momentum changes is the same as force.
• Force is defined as mass times acceleration for a constant mass.
• The above condition of the goalkeeper is an example of the second law of motion.