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The Correct answer is Option 2. 

Key Points

• Narmada is west-flowing, while Penganga, Tungabhadra, and Mahanadi are east-flowing rivers. Hence, option 2 is correct.
• Narmada: West-flowing.
• Originates from the Amarkantak Plateau, Madhya Pradesh, and drains into the Arabian Sea.
• East-Flowing Rivers: These rivers flow towards the Bay of Bengal.
• They form extensive deltas at their mouths due to heavy silt deposition.
• Penganga: East-flowing.
• Tributary of the Godavari River, which flows into the Bay of Bengal.
• Tungabhadra: East-flowing.
• Tributary of the Krishna River, which flows into the Bay of Bengal.
• Mahanadi: East-flowing.
• Originates in Chhattisgarh and drains into the Bay of Bengal, forming a large delta.

The Correct answer is Option 2.

Key Points

Substitution Rules:

÷ means +

− means  ÷

× means  − 

• means  ×

Given : (36×4)−8×44+8×2+16+1(36×4)−8×44+8×2+16+1(36×4)−8×44+8×2+16+1(36×4)−8×44+8×2+16+1(36×4)−8×44+8×2+16+1(36×4)−8×44+8×2+16+1(36×4)−8×44+8×2+16+1

Replace by Above Indication : $\frac{(36 \times 4) - 8 \times 4}{4 + 8 \times 2 + 16 ÷ 1}$

Simplify numerator and denominator:

Numerator: After Changing Symbol 

(36 - 4 ) ÷  8 - 4  ⇒ 32 ÷ 8 ⇒ 4 - 4 = 0 

Thus, the numerator = 0 

Denominator : After Changing Symbol 

4  × 8 - 2  × 16 + 1 = 32 - 2  × 16 + 1 ⇒ 30 × 16 + 1 ⇒ 480 + 1 = 481 

When We divided 0 by any Number then We get Zero 

Hence Correct answer is Option 2.

The Correct answer is Option 2. 

Key Points

• The first artificially prepared element is Technetium (Tc).
• Discovered in: 1937.
• By: Carlo Perrier and Emilio Segrè.
• How it was made: Technetium was artificially produced by bombarding molybdenum atoms with deuterons (nuclei of heavy hydrogen) in a cyclotron.
• Significance: It was the first element to be created artificially, as it does not naturally occur on Earth in significant amounts.

Other Elements in the List:

• Tellurium (Te):
• A naturally occurring element, not artificially prepared.
• Thorium (Th):
• Naturally occurring radioactive element, discovered before artificial synthesis techniques.
• Thallium (Tl):
• Naturally occurring element, not the result of artificial synthesis.
• Thus, Technetium (Tc) holds the distinction of being the first artificially prepared element. Hence, option 2 is correct.

The Correct answer is Option 4.

Key Points

• The full form of CGTMSE is Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises. Hence, option 4 is correct.
• Established: In 2000 by the Government of India and the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI).
• Purpose:
• To provide credit guarantees to financial institutions for loans extended to micro and small enterprises (MSEs).
• To encourage collateral-free lending to promote entrepreneurship among small businesses.
• Coverage:
• Loans up to ₹2 crore (or as per the latest scheme updates) for eligible businesses are covered under the scheme.
• Benefits:
• Reduces risk for lenders.
• Encourages banks and financial institutions to lend to MSEs without the requirement of collateral.

The Correct answer is Option 3.

Key Points

• The slogan "Do or Die" was given by Mahatma Gandhi on 8^th August 1942 during the Quit India Movement. Hence, option 3 is correct.
• Context:
• The slogan was a part of Gandhi's speech at the Gowalia Tank Maidan (August Kranti Maidan) in Bombay (now Mumbai).
• It marked the launch of the Quit India Movement, demanding an immediate end to British rule in India.

The Correct answer is Option 2. 

Key Points8

• The fluid part of the blood is called plasma. Hence, option 2 is correct.
• Plasma:
• Makes up about 55% of the total blood volume.
• It is a yellowish liquid that serves as the medium for transporting nutrients, hormones, waste products, and other substances throughout the body.
• Composition of Plasma:
• Water (~90-92%): Acts as the solvent.
• Proteins (~7%):
• Albumin: Maintains osmotic pressure.
• Globulins: Play roles in immunity.
• Fibrinogen: Essential for blood clotting.
• Electrolytes: Sodium, potassium, calcium, etc., which maintain pH and osmotic balance.
• Nutrients: Glucose, amino acids, and lipids.
• Waste Products: Urea and carbon dioxide.
• Hormones and Enzymes.
• Other Components of Blood (Non-Fluid Parts):
• Red Blood Cells (RBCs): Carry oxygen.
• White Blood Cells (WBCs): Fight infections.
• Platelets: Help in blood clotting.

The Correct answer is Option 2. 

Key Points

• Makhali Gosala was the founder and a significant figure in the Ajivika sect. Hence, statement a is correct.
• The Ajivikas believed in the doctrine of Niyati, which emphasized determinism and the lack of free will. Hence, statement b is correct.
• The Ajivikas opposed caste-based discrimination and emphasized equality, much like other heterodox sects. Hence, statement c is incorrect.
• Historical accounts suggest that the Ajivikas organized regular sabhas (assemblies) to discuss their doctrines and maintain organizational cohesion. Hence, statement d is correct.

Additional Information

The Ajivika Sect: 

• The Ajivika sect was one of the significant heterodox sects in ancient India, alongside Buddhism and Jainism. It flourished during the 6^th century BCE and was founded by Makkhali Gosala, a contemporary of Mahavira and Gautama Buddha.

Key Features of the Ajivika Sect:

• Founder:
• Makkhali Gosala, who initially followed Jainism under Mahavira but later separated to establish the Ajivika sect.
• Core Philosophy:
• Niyati (Fate):
• The Ajivikas believed in absolute determinism, meaning everything in life is preordained and governed by fate (Niyati).
• There is no scope for human effort or free will to change the course of events.
• Eternal Cycle of Time:
• Time was seen as cyclical, with the world undergoing endless cycles of creation and destruction.
• Denial of Karma's Influence:
• While other sects emphasized karma, the Ajivikas believed that karma had no impact on one's current life or fate.
• Beliefs and Practices:
• The sect did not believe in a creator god but held a deterministic worldview.
• The Ajivikas practiced asceticism, with rigorous discipline and severe self-restraint.
• They emphasized renunciation and lived as wandering mendicants.
• Social Views:
• Opposed caste discrimination and promoted equality.
• Attracted followers from various social backgrounds, including the marginalized.
• Meetings and Assemblies:
• The Ajivikas organized regular sabhas (meetings) to discuss their doctrines and maintain unity within the community.
• Rise and Decline:
• Rise:
• The Ajivikas initially gained significant influence in Magadha and Southern India.
• Supported by rulers such as Bindusara, the Mauryan emperor, who was a follower of the sect.
• Decline:
• Over time, the Ajivika sect declined due to the rising prominence of Buddhism and Jainism.
• By the medieval period, the sect had disappeared.

The Correct answer is Option 2. 

Key Points

• The Minas Gerais province of Brazil is indeed renowned for its iron ore deposits. Hence, option 2 is correct.
• Iron Ore in Minas Gerais:
• The province is one of the world's largest producers of high-grade iron ore.
• The Iron Quadrangle (Quadrilátero Ferrífero) in Minas Gerais is particularly rich in iron ore deposits and has been a significant mining region since the 18^th century.
• Global Significance:
• Brazil is the second-largest exporter of iron ore in the world, with Minas Gerais being the epicenter of its production.
• Companies like Vale S.A., one of the largest mining corporations globally, operate extensively in this region.

The Correct answer is Option 3.

Key Points

• The first Hindi daily newspaper to be published in Bihar was "Sarwa Hitaishi". Hence, option 3 is correct.
• Founded by: Bhargava Press.
• Year of Publication: 1874.
• Significance:
• "Sarwa Hitaishi" played a pivotal role in disseminating news and promoting Hindi as a language in journalism.
• It focused on social, cultural, and political issues, aiming to address the concerns of the common people.
• While "Bihar Bandhu" was the first Hindi newspaper in Bihar (published in 1872), "Sarwa Hitaishi" holds the distinction of being the first daily Hindi newspaper in the region.

The Correct answer is Option 2. 

Key Points

• Comet:
• Comets have highly elongated elliptical orbits. Hence, option 2 is correct.
• They originate from the Oort Cloud or Kuiper Belt and travel around the Sun.
• Their orbit brings them close to the Sun (perihelion) and then far away (aphelion).
• Example: Halley's Comet.
• Asteroid:
• Asteroids generally have more circular orbits and are mostly found in the Asteroid Belt between Mars and Jupiter.
• Meteorite:
• A meteorite is a fragment of a meteoroid that survives its passage through Earth's atmosphere and lands on the surface.
• It does not have its own orbit.
• Meteor:
• A meteor is the streak of light produced when a meteoroid enters the Earth’s atmosphere and burns up.
• It is transient and does not have a defined orbit.