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The Correct answer is Option 2. 

Key Points

• The bacterial disease known as splenic fever is Anthrax. Hence, option 2 is correct.
• Cause: Anthrax is caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis.
• Why it's called Splenic Fever:
• The name arises from the characteristic swelling and darkening of the spleen observed in infected animals.
• Transmission:
• It primarily affects livestock but can also infect humans through contact with contaminated animals, products, or inhalation of spores.
• Forms of Anthrax:
• Cutaneous Anthrax: Affects the skin.
• Inhalation Anthrax: Affects the respiratory system.
• Gastrointestinal Anthrax: Affects the digestive tract.
• Symptoms in Humans:
• Fever, fatigue, skin lesions, difficulty breathing (inhalation anthrax), and severe abdominal pain (gastrointestinal anthrax).
• Anthrax is considered a significant zoonotic disease and requires careful handling and treatment.

The Correct answer is Option 1. 

Key Points

• The Japan-India Maritime Exercise (JIMEX-24) was held in Yokosuka, Japan, commencing on June 11, 2024. Hence, option 1 is correct.
• This eighth edition of the exercise featured the Indian Navy's indigenous stealth frigate INS Shivalik and the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force's (JMSDF) guided missile destroyer JS Yugiri.
• The exercise included both harbor and sea phases, focusing on enhancing interoperability and cooperation between the two navies.
• In addition to JIMEX, India and Japan engage in several other joint military exercises to strengthen their defense collaboration:
• Dharma Guardian: An annual joint military exercise between the Indian Army and the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force. The fifth edition took place from February 25 to March 9, 2024, at the Mahajan Field Firing Ranges in Rajasthan, India.
• Veer Guardian: A bilateral air exercise involving the Indian Air Force and the Japan Air Self-Defense Force. The inaugural edition, Veer Guardian 2023, was conducted in January 2023 at Hyakuri Air Base in Japan, marking a significant milestone in air defense cooperation between the two nations.

The Correct answer is Option 3. 

Key Points

• The Ramakrishna Mission was founded by Swami Vivekananda in 1897. Hence, option 3 is correct.
• Purpose:
• To propagate the teachings of Sri Ramakrishna Paramahamsa, who emphasized universal brotherhood, selfless service, and spiritual enlightenment.
• To combine spirituality with practical social work, including education, healthcare, and disaster relief.
• Headquarters:
• The Ramakrishna Math and Mission are headquartered at Belur Math, near Kolkata, West Bengal.
• Significance:
• The mission promotes interfaith harmony, humanitarian work, and the Vedantic philosophy.
• It has played a significant role in India's spiritual and social transformation.
• The motto of the Ramakrishna Mission is: “For one's own salvation and for the welfare of the world.”

The Correct answer is Option 3. 

Key Points

The Correct answer is Option 1. 

Key Points

• The type of radiation used to get relief from body aches is infrared radiation (IR). Hence, option 1 is correct.
• Infrared Radiation:
• Infrared therapy is commonly used in physiotherapy and medical treatments to relieve body aches and muscle pain.
• Infrared radiation penetrates the skin and generates heat, improving blood circulation, relaxing muscles, and reducing stiffness.
• Applications:
• Infrared lamps and heating pads are widely used for pain relief in conditions like arthritis, muscle sprains, and joint discomfort.
• It is also beneficial for reducing inflammation and accelerating the healing process.
• This non-invasive treatment is effective for localized pain and muscle relaxation.

The Correct answer is Option 1. 

Key Points

• The capital of the Chera dynasty was Vanchi (also known as Vanchi Muthur or Karur). Hence, option 1 is correct.
• Vanchi: Believed to be located near present-day Karur in Tamil Nadu or Kodungallur in Kerala.
• Chera Dynasty:
• One of the prominent Tamil dynasties of the Sangam period, alongside the Chola and Pandya dynasties.
• Ruled over parts of present-day Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
• Known for their extensive trade with the Roman Empire and their role in the spice trade.
• The exact location of Vanchi has been debated, but it is historically associated with the Chera dynasty's cultural and political prominence.

The Correct answer is Option 2. 

Key Points

• The book "Gharib Hindustan", critical of British policies and banned in Bihar in 1930, was authored by Mohammad Wali Hasan Purainvi. Hence, option 2 is correct.
• Author: Mohammad Wali Hasan Purainvi was an Urdu writer known for his works addressing socio-political issues during British colonial rule.
• Content: "Gharib Hindustan" delves into the hardships faced by Indians under British administration, highlighting economic exploitation and social injustices.
• Publication: The book was published in 1930 and subsequently banned by British authorities in Bihar due to its critical perspective on colonial policies.
• This work is significant in the context of Indian literature as it reflects the sentiments of resistance and the quest for independence prevalent during that era.

According to the Economic Survey of Bihar 2022-23, the contribution of the agriculture and allied sectors to the Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) of Bihar at current prices for the year 2021-22 was 26%.

Key Points

• The contribution of the agriculture and allied sectors to the GSDP of Bihar was 26% in 2021-22.

The Correct answer is Option 2.

Key Points

• According to the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) conducted by the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO), India's Female Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) for individuals aged 15 years and above increased from 23.3% in 2017-18 to 37.0% in 2022-23, marking a rise of 13.7 percentage points over this period. Hence, option 2 is correct.
• This upward trend reflects a significant enhancement in women's engagement in the labor market across both rural and urban regions.
• In rural areas, the female LFPR rose from 24.6% in 2017-18 to 41.5% in 2022-23, indicating a growth of 16.9 percentage points.
• Urban areas experienced an increase from 20.4% to 25.4% during the same period, showing a rise of 5 percentage points.

The Correct answer is Option 2. 

Key Points

• On January 1, 2024, Russia assumed the chairmanship of BRICS, succeeding South Africa. Hence, option 2 is correct.
• A significant event during Russia's chairmanship was the 16^th BRICS Summit, held from October 22 to 24, 2024, in Kazan.
• This summit was notable for the participation of new members, including Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, and the United Arab Emirates, following their accession to BRICS.

Additional Information

BRICS:

• Formation:
• Initially referred to as BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India, and China), the group was conceptualized in 2001 by economist Jim O'Neill to represent emerging market economies.
• Formally established in 2009.
• South Africa joined in 2010, making it BRICS.
• BRICS collectively accounts for:
• 40% of the global population.
• 25% of global GDP.