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The Correct answer is Option 2. 

Key Points

• Mohan Charan Majhi, the newly appointed Chief Minister of Odisha, was elected from the Keonjhar (ST) constituency in the recent State Assembly elections. Hence, option 2 is correct.
• Constituency: Keonjhar (ST)
• Election Result: In the 2024 Odisha Legislative Assembly election, Mohan Charan Majhi, representing the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), secured 87,815 votes, accounting for 47.05% of the total votes. He defeated Meena Majhi of the Biju Janata Dal (BJD), who received 76,238 votes (40.84%), by a margin of 11,577 votes.
• Political Career: Mohan Charan Majhi has been a prominent figure in Odisha politics, representing the Keonjhar constituency multiple times since 2000. His consistent electoral success reflects his strong support base in the region.

The Correct answer is Option 1.

Key Points

• The newspaper "Lok Sangraha" was indeed published by Sahajanand Saraswati to highlight the hardships faced by peasants. Hence, option 1 is correct.
• Lok Sangraha served as a platform to voice the concerns of peasants and mobilize them against exploitation by landlords and colonial authorities.
• It was an integral part of the Kisan Sabha movement, which sought agrarian reforms and justice for farmers.
• Sahajanand Saraswati, as a leader of the peasant movement, used this publication to unify rural India in the fight for their rights.

The Correct answer is Option 4. 

Key PointsHands coincide in 12 hours

⇒ The hands of a clock (hour hand and minute hand) coincide once every 1 hour and 5 minutes (or 1 hour + 5/11 of an hour).

⇒ In 12 hours, the hands coincide 11 times, because the first coincidence occurs at 12:00, and the next at approximately 1:05, 2:10, and so on.

Hands coincide in 24 hours

⇒  Since there are two 12-hour cycles in a day (one for AM and one for PM), the total number of coincidences is: 11(coincidences in 12 hours)×2=22.

The hands of a clock coincide 22 times in a day.

Hence Correct answer is Option 4.

The Correct answer is Option 3. 

Key Points

• Iron is extracted from various ores found in nature. The main ores of iron are:
• Hematite (Fe₂O₃):
• Composition: Iron (70%), oxygen.
• Appearance: Reddish-brown in color.
• Significance: The most important ore of iron, accounting for the bulk of iron production worldwide.
• Examples: Found in regions like Odisha and Jharkhand in India.
• Magnetite (Fe₃O₄):
• Composition: Iron (72%), oxygen.
• Appearance: Black or dark gray with magnetic properties.
• Significance: Contains the highest iron content among all iron ores and is highly sought after for steel production.
• Examples: Found in Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, and Andhra Pradesh in India.
• Limonite (Fe₂O₃·nH₂O):
• Composition: Hydrated iron oxide.
• Appearance: Yellowish-brown.
• Significance: Considered an important secondary ore of iron.
• Examples: Found in Goa and other tropical regions. Hence, option 3 is correct.
• Siderite (FeCO₃):
• Composition: Iron carbonate.
• Appearance: Yellowish-brown or greenish.
• Significance: Contains less iron compared to other ores and is less commonly used due to its lower iron content.
• Examples: Found in regions with sedimentary deposits.

The Correct answer is Option 1.

Key Points

• The Farazi Movement was founded by Haji Shariatullah in 1818 in Bengal. Hence, option 1 is correct.
• Objective: To reform Muslim society and revive Islamic practices, emphasizing strict adherence to the Sharia (Islamic law).
• Name Origin: Derived from the word "Faraiz", meaning religious duties obligatory for Muslims.
• Focus:
• Opposed practices seen as un-Islamic or influenced by Hindu traditions.
• Advocated for social justice and opposed exploitation by landlords and colonial authorities.
• Legacy:
• After Haji Shariatullah's death, his son Dudu Miyan took over the movement and further expanded its influence among the peasants, especially in rural Bengal. The Farazi Movement became a significant socio-religious and agrarian uprising in colonial India.

The Correct answer is Option 3. 

Key Points

• On July 31, 2024, Ismail Haniyeh, the political leader of Hamas, was assassinated in Tehran, Iran. Hence, option 3 is correct.
• He was killed in his accommodation at a military-run guesthouse after attending the inauguration ceremony for Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian.
• Reports on the method of the assassination vary. Some sources indicate that Haniyeh was killed by a missile strike, possibly fired from outside Iran.
• Other accounts suggest that a remotely detonated explosive device, previously hidden in his room, was used.
• While Israel has not officially claimed responsibility for the attack, it is widely believed to have been an Israeli operation. The assassination has prompted vows of revenge from Iran and has raised concerns about escalating regional tensions.

The Correct answer is Option 1. 

Key Points

• According to a CRISIL Ratings report, India's corporate bond market is projected to more than double by the fiscal year 2030, expanding from approximately ₹43 lakh crore in FY2023 to between ₹100-120 lakh crore. Hence, option 1 is correct.
• Key Drivers of Growth:
• Increased Capital Expenditure (Capex): Significant investments in infrastructure and corporate sectors are anticipated, driven by high capacity utilization, robust corporate balance sheets, and a favorable economic outlook. CRISIL estimates capex of around ₹110 lakh crore between FY2023 and FY2027, approximately 1.7 times higher than the previous five fiscal years.
• Attractiveness of Infrastructure Bonds: Structural improvements and policy measures are expected to make infrastructure bond issuances more appealing to long-term investors, such as insurers and pension funds. Currently, infrastructure accounts for about 15% of annual corporate bond issuance by volume.
• Retail Credit Growth: Strong retail credit growth, supported by private consumption and the formalization of last-mile credit flow, is expected to boost bond supply. The bond market, being a key funding source for larger non-banking financial companies (NBFCs), will play a pivotal role in financing retail credit flow.
• Financialization of Household Savings: There is a rising trend of household savings shifting from physical assets to financial instruments, leading to increased investments in managed funds. CRISIL estimates assets in the managed investment segment to double to around ₹315 lakh crore by fiscal 2027, with the trend expected to continue beyond that period.

The Correct answer is Option 4. 

Key Points

• To arrange the given mountain ranges and peaks from east to west:
• Garo Hills: Located in Meghalaya, in the northeastern part of India.
• Nanda Devi: Situated in the Garhwal Himalayas, in Uttarakhand.
• Kamet: Also in the Garhwal Himalayas, west of Nanda Devi, in Uttarakhand.
• K₂: Located in the Karakoram Range, in Ladakh (disputed region, part of the Union Territory of Ladakh).
• Correct Sequence (East to West):
• 1. Garo Hills → 2. Nanda Devi → 3. Kamet → 4. K₂
• Hence, option 4 is correct.

The Correct answer is Option 3. 

Key Points

• Hence, the correct Answer: a-4, b-1, c-2, d-3

The Correct answer is Option 1. 

Key Points

• After maintaining neutrality for approximately 200 years, Sweden officially joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) on March 7, 2024, becoming its 32^nd member. Hence, option 1 is correct.
• The other country that recently joined NATO is Finland. It became the 31^st member of NATO on April 4, 2023.

Key Details About NATO:

• The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is a political and military alliance established in 1949 to ensure collective defense and security for its member countries. It is based on the principle of mutual defense, where an attack on one member is considered an attack on all.
• Founding Members:
• NATO was founded by 12 countries: Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
• Purpose:
• Collective Defense: The core principle is Article 5 of the NATO Treaty, which states that an attack on one member is considered an attack on all members.
• Crisis Management: NATO helps manage crises through diplomatic and military means.
• Cooperative Security: Works with non-member countries to enhance global security.
• Current Membership:
• NATO has 32 members (as of 2024), including the newest members Finland (2023) and Sweden (2024).
• Key Institutions:
• NATO Headquarters: Located in Brussels, Belgium.
• Military Command: Includes the Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE) in Mons, Belgium.