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The correct answer is option 3.

Key Points

• a) Perform, Achieve and Trade (PAT) scheme
• A market-based mechanism under the National Mission on Enhanced Energy Efficiency (NMEEE).
• Aims to reduce specific energy consumption in energy-intensive industries.
• ➡️ Matches with (2)
• b) MISHTI (Mangrove Initiative for Shoreline Habitats & Tangible Incomes)
• Announced in the Union Budget 2023-24.
• Focus: mangrove plantation along coastlines.
• ➡️ Matches with (1)
• c) LiFE (Lifestyle for Environment) initiative
• Launched by PM Modi at COP26 in Glasgow, Nov 2021.
• ➡️ Matches with (4)
• d) National Clean Air Programme (NCAP)
• Launched in 2019 as a national strategy to tackle air pollution.
• ➡️ Matches with (3)
• Correct Matching
• a → 2
• b → 1
• c → 4
• d → 3
• So the correct option is:
• 3. a-2, b-1, c-4, d-3

The correct answer is option 1.

Key Points

PLFS 2023-24 shows (from MOSPI press note)

• LFPR for rural females rose from 23.3% in 2021-22 to 41.7% in 2023-24.
• Urban female LFPR also increased but from 23.8% (2021-22) to 28.0% (2023-24).
• WPR (Worker Population Ratio) for female increased from 22.0% to 40.3%.
• The report does not explicitly state that “90% states have WPR below national average 43.7%.”
• The PLFS report does not show a “significant decrease” in female share in agriculture — on the contrary, some analyses suggest agricultural participation by rural women remains high.

Additional Information

• Greater increase in LFPR of rural females compared to urban females since 2021-22
• ✔️ True. Rural female LFPR jump is far larger (from ~23.3 → 41.7, an increase of ~18.4 points) vs urban female (23.8 → 28.0, ~4.2 points).
• Among 36 states & UTs, 90% have WPR below national average 43.7%
• ❌ No evidence in the report for this “90% states” claim.
• The share of female workers in agriculture has decreased significantly from 2017-18 to 2023-24
• ❌ This is incorrect based on interpretations: female employment in agriculture has not shown a clear sharp decline; in fact, many analyses show stagnation or mild increase in rural women’s agricultural share.

The correct answer is option 3.

Key Points

• Science, Technology and Innovation Policy (STIP) 2020 – key proposals/outcomes:
• One Nation, One Subscription (ONOS): ✔️ Proposed — free access to all major journals for Indian institutions.
• Research and Innovation Excellence Framework (RIEF): ✔️ Proposed — to evaluate research outcomes, quality, and impact.
• Atal Innovation Mission (AIM): ❌ Not from STIP 2020.
• AIM was launched in 2016 under NITI Aayog as part of the government’s flagship programs to promote entrepreneurship and innovation, much before STIP 2020.

The correct answer is option 2.

Key Points

• According to the Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation (MoSPI), the share of MSME Gross Value Added (GVA) in India’s GDP was 27.3% in 2020-21.
• That share increased to 30.1% in 2022-23.

Additional Information

• MSME stands for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises.
• They are the backbone of India’s economy, often called the “engine of growth”.
• MSMEs contribute significantly to GDP, employment generation, exports, and balanced regional development.
• Classification is based on investment in plant & machinery/equipment and annual turnover:

The correct answer is option 1.

Key Points

• “Around 87% of India's cement industry is concentrated in a few major states like Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh.”
• ✔️ Correct.
• Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and a few others dominate production.
• These states account for ~87% of total cement capacity since they have abundant limestone reserves.
• “India is the largest producer of cement in the world.”
• ❌ Incorrect.
• China is the world’s largest producer.
• India is the second-largest producer of cement.
• “Most cement plants in India are located far from raw material sources and near to the ports to support exports.”
• ❌ Incorrect.
• Cement plants are raw material intensive, so they are usually located near limestone mines (the key raw material), not near ports.
• Export is not the major driver; domestic consumption dominates.
• ✅ Correct Answer:
• 1. Only Statement 1 is correct

The correct answer is option 3.

Key Points

• Mission Daksh was launched by the Bihar Education Department.
• Aim: Identify students lagging behind in foundational learning (especially in reading, writing, arithmetic).
• Provide personalised mentoring and remedial classes so that these children can catch up to grade-level competencies.
• Special focus: Classes 3 to 8 in government schools.
• Uses structured assessment and tracking to monitor progress.

The correct answer is option 3.

Key Points

• The policy is built on the acronym YUVA = “Young, Upcoming and Versatile Authors” model for entrepreneurship ecosystem, and includes:
• Vibrancy in the education system → ✔️ Included (to strengthen entrepreneurial mindset through curriculum, incubators in colleges/universities).
• Regulatory enablers for support → ✔️ Included (simplifying registrations, compliance, incentives).
• International market expansion schemes → ❌ Not a component of YUVA. The policy mainly focuses on local incubation, funding, state-level incentives, and regulatory support, not direct international market schemes.

The correct answer is option 4.

Key Points

• Statement 1 is correct: Bihar’s per capita GSDP at current prices increased by 12.8% in 2023-24 over the previous year.
• Statement 2 is correct: The estimated share of the tertiary (services) sector in Bihar’s GSVA (constant prices) in 2023-24 was 58.6%.
• Statement 3 is incorrect: The report states that GFCF as percentage of GSDP has increased to 4.6 % in 2023-24, so to say “formed 4.6 %” is correct in number—but the wording “NOT correct” would depend on context. However, the question asks which are correct, not “NOT correct.”
• Given that both 1 and 2 are correct, the correct choice is:
• 4) More than one of the above

The correct answer is option 1.

Key Points

1. “The proportion of the young population (0-19 years) in Bihar is projected to decline significantly by 2041.”

• ✔️ Correct.
• Projections show Bihar’s 0–19 age group share will decline, as fertility rates fall, though it will still remain higher than the national average in 2041.

2. “Bihar's demographic dividend is expected to peak around 2041.”

• ✔️ Correct.
• Bihar is expected to enter its peak working-age population window around 2031–41 and sustain demographic dividend benefits till around 2051.

3. “The elderly population (60+ years) in Bihar is expected to rise more sharply than in India.”

• ❌ Not correct.
• While Bihar’s elderly population share will increase, the rate of ageing in Bihar is slower than the all-India average, because Bihar still has a very young age structure compared to India.

✅ Correct Answer:

• 1. 1 and 2 are correct

The correct answer is option 2.

Key Points

• Based on the PLFS 2023-24 data and related analyses, the statement that best describes the nature of women’s employment in Bihar is:
• 2. The majority of women are self-employed, often serving as helpers in household enterprises.
• Supporting Evidence & Explanation:
• The share of self-employed women in India increased to ~67% in 2023-24.
• Self-employment includes own-account work, or helping in household enterprises (paid or unpaid).
• In Bihar, particularly, women’s work is largely informal and self-employment dominated, rather than formal, wage-based employment.
• Formal, regular wage employment is very low among working women: the share of women in salaried jobs is declining and at a low level.
• The secondary sector (industry) employs relatively few women; most female employment is in agriculture or informal sectors.