Search Previous Year Questions

The correct answer is ₹60,000.

Key Points

• The average value of productive asset support under SJY is ₹60,000.
• SJY refers to a government program aimed at providing productive assets to beneficiaries.
• Productive asset support ensures sustainable livelihood development for individuals and families.
• The support amount is carefully determined to be sufficient for initiating productive activities.

Additional Information

• Option 1 (₹20,000): This amount is relatively low and may not be sufficient to support meaningful productive activities for sustainable livelihood.
• Option 2 (₹40,000): While higher than ₹20,000, this amount might still be inadequate for certain types of productive asset investments, such as agricultural tools, machinery, or commercial setups.
• Option 4 (₹1,20,000): This amount is significantly higher than the average support provided and may not align with the budgetary allocations or program guidelines under SJY.

The correct answer is 5 years.

Key Points

• Municipal councilors in India are elected for a term of 5 years.
• This term length is similar to that of other local government bodies in India, such as Panchayats.
• Municipal elections are conducted by the State Election Commissions, which are independent bodies responsible for ensuring free and fair elections.
• After the completion of the 5-year term, new elections are held to elect the next set of councilors.

Additional Information

• Municipal Councils
• Municipal Councils are a form of local self-government in India that administer urban areas with populations between 20,000 and 300,000.
• They are established under the Constitution of India, specifically under the 74^th Amendment Act, 1992.
• They are responsible for providing basic civic amenities and infrastructure to the urban population, such as water supply, drainage, roads, and street lighting.
• The head of the Municipal Council is known as the President or Chairperson, who is elected by the councilors from among themselves.
• 74^th Amendment Act, 1992
• This amendment to the Indian Constitution was enacted to strengthen local self-governance in urban areas through the establishment of Municipalities.
• It provides for a three-tier structure of urban local bodies: Municipal Corporations for larger urban areas, Municipal Councils for smaller urban areas, and Nagar Panchayats for transitioning areas.
• The Act mandates regular elections every five years and provides for the reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and women.
• It also introduces the concept of a State Finance Commission to review the financial position of municipalities and make recommendations for the devolution of funds.
• State Election Commissions
• State Election Commissions (SECs) are independent bodies established under Article 243K and 243ZA of the Indian Constitution.
• SECs are responsible for conducting elections to local bodies, including Municipalities and Panchayats, within their respective states.
• They ensure that elections are conducted in a free, fair, and transparent manner, much like the Election Commission of India does for national and state-level elections.
• SECs have the authority to prepare electoral rolls, delimit constituencies, and oversee the election process, including the counting of votes and declaration of results.

The correct answer is Block Development Officer.

Key Points

• The Block Development Officer (BDO) acts as the Ex-officio Secretary of the Panchayat Samiti.
• The Panchayat Samiti is the intermediate level of the three-tier Panchayati Raj system, established under the Indian Constitution's Article 243.
• The BDO oversees the implementation of developmental programs and ensures administrative efficiency within the block.
• As Ex-officio Secretary, the BDO facilitates coordination between the Panchayat Samiti and other government departments for effective governance.
• The BDO also assists in the preparation and execution of the block-level budget and development plans.

Additional Information

• Panchayati Raj System:
• It is a decentralized form of government in India where each village is responsible for its own affairs, governed under the 73^rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992.
• The system consists of three tiers: Gram Panchayat (village level), Panchayat Samiti (block level), and Zilla Parishad (district level).
• Role of Panchayat Samiti:
• It is responsible for planning and executing development programs at the block level.
• It acts as a link between the Gram Panchayat and the Zilla Parishad.
• Block Development Officer:
• BDO is a government official responsible for development and administrative activities in a block.
• They supervise the execution of various state and central government schemes at the block level.
• Nyay Sachiv:
• The Nyay Sachiv (Secretary of Justice) is responsible for legal and judicial matters but does not hold administrative authority over the Panchayat Samiti.

The correct answer is The Emergency (1975-77)

In News

• The Odisha government has announced a ₹20,000 monthly pension for individuals who were imprisoned during the Emergency between 1975-1977.

Key Points

• The pension is available for individuals who were detained under the Maintenance of Internal Security Act (MISA) during the Emergency and are still alive as of January 1, 2025.
• The benefits include medical expense coverage for the eligible individuals.
• A notification from the state's home department, issued on January 13, 2025, made this decision official.
• The state has set up state-level and district-level committees to identify the eligible beneficiaries.
• The application process requires individuals to submit an application to the Collector and District Magistrate, including:
• Proof of detention during the Emergency.
• Names of three co-detainees.
• An affidavit confirming their imprisonment under MISA.
• Chief Minister Mohan Charan Majhi confirmed that the pension was introduced following demands from those imprisoned during the Emergency and added that health insurance and railway benefits would be included.
• The Odisha government aims to ensure that those who suffered during the Emergency receive the support they are entitled to.

The correct answer is Empowering small and marginal dairy farmers

Key Points

• Project Lifeline itself suggests a focus on supporting those who need it most.
• "Lifeline" implies providing essential resources or assistance.
• Dairy development initiatives typically target areas like improving infrastructure, access to resources, and knowledge for small-scale farmers.
• Large processing plants and export promotion are more likely goals for established dairy businesses, not necessarily the focus of an initiative aimed at empowering smaller farmers.
• Project Lifeline's focus:
• Supporting and empowering small and marginal dairy farmers
• This could involve various aspects like:
• Improved access to veterinary services and training
• Providing resources for better cattle breeds or nutrition
• Helping farmers connect to markets and cooperatives for better prices
• By empowering these farmers, Project Lifeline aims to improve their livelihoods and the overall dairy sector.

The correct answer is  Apr 12 2005.

Key Points

• The National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) was launched by the Government of India on April 12, 2005. It aimed to provide accessible, affordable, and quality healthcare to the rural population, especially vulnerable groups.
• The mission was introduced as part of the National Health Policy to address deficiencies in healthcare infrastructure and improve health indicators like infant mortality rate and maternal mortality rate.
• NRHM primarily targeted 18 states where health indicators were particularly poor. These included states like Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, and others.
• The mission focused on strengthening the public health system through interventions like ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist), improving infrastructure, and integrating primary, secondary, and tertiary healthcare services.
• NRHM also worked on improving sanitation, nutrition, and safe drinking water as complementary health interventions. It sought to reduce gaps in healthcare access between urban and rural areas.
• The mission emphasized community participation and introduced mechanisms for decentralization to empower local health facilities and improve their functionality.
• The Janani Suraksha Yojana, a key component of NRHM, aimed to promote institutional deliveries and reduce maternal and infant mortality rates.
• Hence, the correct answer is Tue Apr 12 2005.

Additional Information

• Objectives of NRHM:
• Strengthening rural healthcare infrastructure: Building new health facilities like Primary Health Centres (PHCs), Community Health Centres (CHCs), and sub-centres.
• Human resources: Recruiting healthcare workers, including ASHA workers, nurses, and doctors, to fill gaps in rural health services.
• Disease control: Strengthening programs for communicable diseases like malaria, tuberculosis, and HIV/AIDS, as well as non-communicable diseases.
• Key Features:
• ASHA workers: Serving as a bridge between the healthcare system and the community, these workers provided essential health services and promoted awareness.
• Decentralization: Empowering local governing bodies like Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) to plan and implement health initiatives.
• Janani Suraksha Yojana: Financial incentives for institutional deliveries to reduce maternal and infant mortality.
• Achievements:
• Increased institutional deliveries: A rise in institutional deliveries was observed across states due to programs like Janani Suraksha Yojana.
• Improved health indicators: Significant improvements were seen in infant mortality rate, maternal mortality rate, and life expectancy.

Important Points

• NRHM's integration: In 2013, NRHM was subsumed under the National Health Mission (NHM), which also included the National Urban Health Mission (NUHM).
• Focus Areas: NRHM prioritized maternal health, child health, family planning, communicable diseases, and infrastructure development.
• Funding Mechanism: The mission received funding through a mix of central and state government contributions, ensuring shared responsibility.

Skin is not used in pharmaceutical product, it is usually used in leather manufacturing industries.

Pancreas contains insulin used for treating diabetes, Chymotrypsin can burn heals and wounds, Pancreatin aids digestion of food and glucagon treats hypoglycemia or low blood sugar.

Liver contains Heparin is used as anti-coagulant and liver extract is used as treatment of anemia.

Pituitary gland contain Prolactin promotes lactation; Vasopressin controls intestinal and renal functions.

Bone contains Bone marrow is used in the treatment of blood disorders.

Thus option (e) is the correct answer.

The correct answer is 37 months.

• Murrah buffalo is considered as the most expensive buffalo in Haryana.
• It gives 20-25 litres of milk in a day.
• Murrah buffalo is also known with other names - Black Gold, Asian tractor.
• It is found maximum in Jind District of Haryana.
• The Maximum population of buffalo in Haryana is found in the Bhiwani district.
• Buffalo research centre in Haryana is in the Hisar district.

Additional Information

• Chief Minister of Haryana – Manohar Lal Khattar
• Literacy rate - 67.91 per cent
• Sex ratio – 879
• Child sex ratio - 834
• Total Legislature seats - 90

The Correct Answer is All are correct

About Livestock Census - 

• 20^th edition of livestock census was released in 2019.
• The census is released by the Department of Animal Husbandry and dairying, Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry, and dairying.
• The first census was conducted in 1919.
• It covered both rural and urban areas.
• 20^th edition collected online data for the first time.

Important highlights of 20^th Livestock Census - 

• Total Poultry - 851.81 million
• Total backyard poultry - 317.07 million
• Total commercial poultry - 534.74 million
• Total Livestock population - 535.78 million
• Total bovine population - 302.79 million
• Total buffaloes - 109.85 million
• Total sheep - 74.26 million
• Total goat population - 148.88 million

The correct answer is option 4.

Key Points

• Article 243-I: The Governor of a State constitutes a State Finance Commission every 5 years.
• Its main function is to review the financial position of Panchayats and recommend:
• Distribution of taxes, duties, tolls, and fees between the State and Panchayats.
• Principles for grants-in-aid to Panchayats from the Consolidated Fund of the State.
• Measures to improve the financial position of Panchayats.