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The correct answer is option 1) i.e. Cache.

Key Points

• The basic purpose of cache memory is to store program instructions that are frequently re-referenced by software during operation.
• Fast access to these instructions increases the overall speed of the software program.
• Cache memory is not associated with ROM, rather it is called as CPU or Random access memory which a computer microprocessor can access more quickly than a regular RAM.
• This memory is typically integrated directly with the CPU chip or placed on a separate chip that has a separate bus interconnect with the CPU.

The correct answer is Home; Font

Key Points

In Microsoft PowerPoint 2016, the "Home" tab on the Ribbon, which is a part of the user interface, is where you can find common commands related to creating, formating, and editing presentations.

• The "Home" tab comprises several groups such as Clipboard, Slides, Font, Paragraph, Drawing, and Editing.
• The "Font" group specifically contains commands for formatting text in your document. It includes commands like changing the typeface (font), the size of the text, the color of the text, making text bold, italicized, or underlined, etc.

So, the answer is 4) Home; Font because it refers to a menu (Home) and a group (Font) where formatting text commands are located in Microsoft PowerPoint 2016.

The correct answer is GUI.

Key Points

• Microsoft Windows versions use the GUI model of communication.
• GUI is the acronym for Graphical User Interface.
• Graphical User Interface refers to a user interface using mouse, icons, and windows.
• It displays objects that convey information, and represent actions that can be taken by the user.
• The objects change colour, size, or visibility when the user interacts with them.

Additional Information

• VUI or Voice user interfaces allow the user to interact with a system through voice or speech commands.
• Assistants such as Siri, Google Assistant, and Alexa, are examples of VUIs.
• A touch user interface is a pointing technology based upon the sense of touch or haptics.
• CUI or character user interface works by allowing the user to issue commands as one or more lines of command lines to a program.
• It is also known as the command-line user interface.

The correct option is OMR.

Key Points

OMR (Optical Mark Reader)

• OMR or optical mark reader is the device that reads if a mark made by pen or pencil is present or absent.
• It is basically used in multiple-choice asked questions.
• The light is thrown on paper and the reflected light is checked.
• It is designed to look for checkmarks at specific points.
• It is widely used to check the answers marked in examinations.

Additional Information

OCR ( Optical Character Recognition)

• This device is used for high-speed reading of printed as well as handwritten paper.
• The OCR is used where there is the requirement of large billings.
• Practically, It can be used to convert scanned data into characters.

MICR (Magnetic Ink Character Recognition)

• MICR technology is used for identifying marked areas of magnetic ink on different platforms.
• It is used extensively in the banking systems.
• The banks use it for processing payment checks and other papers.

CRT (Cathode Ray Tube)

• CRT is an old technology used for making monitor screens.
• Nowadays, this technology is replaced by the latest technology such as LED, LCD screens.

The correct answer is Aligns text to both left and right edges

Key Points

• Justify alignment adjusts the spacing between words so that the text is aligned evenly along both the left and right margins.
• This creates a clean and formal look for the text, often used in newspapers, magazines, and documents where neatness is important.
• Justified text can sometimes create uneven spacing between words, which may affect readability.
• It is different from left, right, or center alignment, which only align text to one side or the center.

Additional Information

• In most word processors, justify alignment can be applied by selecting the paragraph and clicking the "Justify" button in the toolbar or using a keyboard shortcut.
• It is important to consider the type of document and audience when deciding to use justify alignment, as it may not be suitable for all types of text.
• For example, justified text is often used in formal documents and publications but may not be suitable for casual or creative writing where readability and flow are prioritized.
• Experimenting with different alignments and reviewing the document is recommended to achieve the desired visual effect and readability.

The correct answer is Dragging

Key Points

• Dragging is the action of pressing and holding the left mouse key while moving the mouse around. This action is often used to move objects or select areas on the screen.
• It is a common technique used in various software applications, including presentation slides, to reposition elements or select text and objects.
• When you drag an object, it follows the movement of the mouse until you release the button.
• This functionality is essential for organizing and manipulating content within slides or other graphical interfaces.

Additional Information

• Moving: Refers to changing the position of an object or text, but typically this is done after selecting it, which may involve dragging.
• Highlighting: Often refers to selecting text or objects by dragging the cursor across them while holding down the mouse button, making them stand out.
• Selecting: This is a broader term that includes highlighting, dragging, and other actions used to choose elements on the screen.

The correct answer is Mainframe.

Key Points

• Mainframe computers:
• This computer is used primarily by large organizations for critical applications; bulk data processing, such as census, industry and consumer statistics, enterprise resource planning; and transaction processing. Hence, Option 2 is correct.
• They are larger and have more processing power than some other classes of computers: minicomputers, servers, workstations, and personal computers.
• Mainframes are built to be reliable for transaction processing as it is commonly understood in the business world: the commercial exchange of goods, services, or money.
• A typical transaction, as defined by the Transaction Processing Performance Council, updates a database system for inventory control (goods), airline reservations (services), Railway, or banking (money) by adding a record. Hence, Option 3 is correct.

Additional Information

• Mini Computer:
• A minicomputer, or colloquially mini, is a class of smaller general-purpose computers that developed in the mid-1960s and sold for much less than mainframe and mid-size computers from IBM and its direct competitors.
• Micro Computer:
• A microcomputer is a small, relatively inexpensive computer with a microprocessor as its central processing unit.
• It includes a microprocessor, memory, and minimal input/output circuitry mounted on a single printed circuit board.
• Super Computer:
• A supercomputer is a computer with a high level of performance as compared to a general-purpose computer.
• The performance of a supercomputer is commonly measured in floating-point operations per second instead of million instructions per second. Since 2017, some supercomputers can perform over 10¹⁷ FLOPS.

The correct answer is CEILING

Key Points

• The CEILING function in MS Excel 2010 rounds a number up to the nearest multiple of a specified significance.
• It can round to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance depending on the value you set for the significance argument.
• For example, if you use CEILING(7.3, 1), it rounds 7.3 up to the next whole number, which is 8.
• You can also specify a different multiple for rounding.
• For example, if you use CEILING(7.3, 0.5), it will round 7.3 up to 7.5, the nearest multiple of 0.5.

Additional Information

• IF: The IF function checks whether a condition is true or false and returns different values based on the result. It is not used for rounding numbers.
• FLOOR: The FLOOR function rounds a number down to the nearest multiple of significance (opposite of CEILING).
• COUNTIF: The COUNTIF function counts the number of cells that meet a specified condition or criteria. It does not round numbers.

Cryptography includes a set of techniques for scrambling or disguising data so that it is available only to someone who can restore the data to its original form.

Cryptography helps ensure data confidentiality, data integrity, authentication, and non - repudiation.

The correct answer is keeping tracks of Files.

Key Points

• Directories in an operating system are essential for organizing files.
• They provide a hierarchical structure to store and retrieve files efficiently.
• Directories can contain both files and other directories, allowing for a nested structure.
• They help in managing file permissions, access control, and keeping track of file metadata such as creation date, modification date, and size.

Additional Information

• File System:
• A file system organizes and manages the storage and retrieval of data on a disk drive.
• Common file systems include NTFS, FAT32, and ext4.
• They allow users to create, delete, read, write, and modify files and directories.
• Metadata:
• Metadata is data that provides information about other data.
• In the context of files, metadata includes details such as file size, file type, creation date, and last modified date.
• Access Control:
• Access control mechanisms determine who can access and modify files and directories.
• Permissions can be set for different users and groups to ensure security and data integrity.
• Hierarchical Structure:
• The hierarchical structure allows for organizing files into a tree-like structure with directories and subdirectories.
• This organization makes it easier to navigate and manage large numbers of files.