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The correct answer is 2006.

MAHATMA GANDHI NATIONAL RURAL EMPLOYMENT GUARANTEE ACT (MGNREGA) 2005:

• It was launched on 2^nd February 2006.
• MGNREGA aims to provide 100 days of assured employment every year to every rural household.
• One-third of the jobs created would be reserved for women.
• If an applicant doesn’t get a job within 15 days of application he shall be given a daily unemployment allowance.
• National and State level Employment Guarantee Funds will be set up for the implementation of this scheme.

The correct answer is 2) District Magistrate

Key Points

• Under the Bihar Panchayati Raj Act, 2006, the authority to remove a Mukhiya from office is vested in the District Magistrate.
• The District Magistrate has the power to remove a Mukhiya for reasons such as misconduct, abuse of power, or incapacity to perform duties.
• The removal process involves a thorough investigation and the opportunity for the Mukhiya to present their case.
• This provision ensures accountability and integrity within the Panchayati Raj system.

Additional Information

• The Bihar Panchayati Raj Act, 2006, was enacted to establish a decentralized form of governance at the grassroots level.
• The Act outlines the roles, responsibilities, and powers of various Panchayati Raj institutions, including Gram Panchayats, Panchayat Samitis, and Zila Parishads.
• It aims to promote democratic decision-making and local self-governance in rural areas of Bihar.
• The Act also provides for the reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and women to ensure inclusive representation.
• The Panchayati Raj system plays a crucial role in rural development and the implementation of various government schemes and programs.

The correct answer is Implement district-level development programs

Key Points

• The main function of the Zila Parishad in Bihar is to implement district-level development programs.
• The Zila Parishad acts as an intermediary between the state government and the village-level Panchayats, ensuring that development initiatives are effectively carried out.
• It oversees the execution of various schemes related to agriculture, health, education, and infrastructure within the district.
• The Zila Parishad also coordinates with various government departments to ensure the successful implementation of development projects.

Additional Information

• The Zila Parishad is part of the Panchayati Raj system, which is a decentralized form of governance in India.
• It consists of elected members from the district, including representatives from various Panchayats and municipalities.
• The President of the Zila Parishad is elected from among its members and plays a key role in guiding the development activities.
• Funding for Zila Parishad activities comes from both state government allocations and central government grants.
• The Zila Parishad works in close coordination with the Block Development Officers (BDOs) and village Panchayats to ensure grassroots-level participation in development.

The department of Animal Husbandry with Dairying and Fisheries and Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare would be launching a pilot scheme for the sole development of ornamental fisheries with a total cost of about Rs. 61.89 crore. It also aims at creating job opportunities for rural and semi-urban population. All the above features are correct, and this pilot project will be implemented in a total of eight potential states through the Fisheries department of the states.

Thus, correct answer is (e).

The correct answer is 6.

• The Bihar Panchayat Strengthening Project is being implemented in 1304 Gram Panchayats of 91 Blocks in 6 districts of Bihar.
• These districts are:-
• Patna
• Nalanda
• Bhojpur
• Saharsa
• Supaul
• Madhepura
• This project implemented to make three-tier Panchayati Raj Institutions inclusive, responsive, and accountable.

Important Points

• It is being supported by the World Bank.

The Correct Answer is August 19, 2025.

In News

• Adi Karmayogi Abhiyan: World’s Largest Tribal Leadership Programme for Responsive Governance Launched.

Key Points

• Adi Karmayogi Abhiyan launched by the Ministry of Tribal Affairs on August 19, 2025.
• It is the world’s largest tribal leadership programme, aimed at mobilizing 20 lakh change leaders in 1 lakh tribal-dominated villages.
• The initiative supports inclusive development and aligns with the vision of Viksit Bharat by 2047.
• The core philosophy is based on Sewa (Service), Sankalp (Resolve), and Samarpan (Dedication).
• The initiative supports the Government’s motto “Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas, Sabka Prayas, Sabka Vishwas” for tribal upliftment.
• Part of the Janjatiya Gaurav Varsh, celebrating the legacy of tribal communities in India.

The correct answer is Hyderabad.

Key Points

• The National Institute for Rural Development (NIRD) is situated in Hyderabad.
• The National Institute for Rural Development (NIRD) was founded in 2006.
• The National Institute of Rural Development & Panchayati Raj is the apex body for undertaking training, research, and action research, and consultancy assignments in the rural development sector in India.
• The mission of NIRD & PR is to facilitate rural development vigorously through governmental and non-governmental initiatives.

Additional Information

The Correct answer is Improving the quality of life and economic well-being of people living in rural areas.

Key Points

• Rural development refers to the process of improving the quality of life and economic well-being of people living in rural areas.
• It involves multiple dimensions such as social, economic, and infrastructural development.
• The focus is on enhancing access to basic services such as healthcare, education, sanitation, and housing.
• It aims to create employment opportunities through skill development, agriculture, and non-agricultural activities.
• Rural development also emphasizes sustainable farming practices to increase agricultural productivity and improve food security.
• Government initiatives like the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) and Deen Dayal Antyodaya Yojana are examples of efforts to promote rural development in India.
• Rural development projects often include the creation of infrastructure such as roads, irrigation systems, and energy supply to facilitate economic activities.
• It also focuses on encouraging community participation and empowering rural populations, especially women and marginalized groups.
• Rural development aligns with global goals like the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly Goal 1 (No Poverty) and Goal 2 (Zero Hunger).

 Additional Information

• Industrialisation of rural areas
• Industrialisation refers to the establishment of industries and factories, but it is not a comprehensive approach to rural development.
• This option may focus solely on economic growth but neglect aspects like education, healthcare, and infrastructure.
• While industrialization can create jobs, it might lead to environmental degradation and displacement of rural populations.
• Development of urban infrastructure
• Urban infrastructure development pertains to cities and towns, not rural areas.
• This includes improving transportation networks, housing, and urban facilities, which does not address rural challenges.
• It is unrelated to rural development as the focus and beneficiaries differ.
• Shifting rural people to urban areas
• This option refers to urban migration, which is not a solution for rural development.
• Mass migration can lead to overcrowding in cities, pressure on urban resources, and neglect of rural regions.
• Instead, rural development seeks to improve conditions so people can thrive in rural areas without needing to migrate.

The correct answer is Three-tier.

Key Points

• Balwant Rai Mehta Committee was appointed to examine the working of the community development program and the national extension service.
• Balwant Rai Mehta Committee was appointed in 1957.
• Balwant Rai Mehta was the chairman of this committee.
• The Balwant Rai Mehta Committee recommended establishing a three-tier Panchayati Raj structure.
• The Balwant Rai Mehta committee suggested that the structure of the Panchayati Raj should consist of the village, the block, and the district level.
• Gram Panchayat at the village level.
• Panchayat Samiti at the block level.
• Zila Parishad at the district level.
• The National Development Council approved the committee's recommendations in 1958.

Additional Information

• Other committees related to Panchayati raj:
• Ashok Mehta Committee:
• In December 1977, the Janata Government appointed a committee on Panchayati raj institutions under the chairmanship of Ashok Mehta.
• It submitted its report in August 1978 and made 132 recommendations to revive and strengthen the declining Panchayati raj system in the country.
• Due to the collapse of the Janata Government before the completion of its term, no action could be taken on the recommendations of the Ashok Mehta committee at the central level.
• However, the three states of Karnataka, West Bengal and Andhra Pradesh took steps to revitalise the Panchayati raj, keeping in view some of the recommendations of the Ashok Mehta Committee.
• L. M. Singhvi Committee-
• In 1986, the Rajiv Gandhi government appointed a committee to prepare a concept paper on ‘Revitalisation of Panchayati Raj Institutions for Democracy and Development’ under the chairmanship of L M Singhvi.
• G. V. K. Rao Committee:
• The Committee to review the existing Administrative Arrangements for Rural Development and Poverty Alleviation Programmes under the chairmanship of G.V.K. Rao was appointed by the Planning Commission in 1985.

The correct answer is JEEVIKA.

Key Points

• JEEVIKA, also known as the Bihar Rural Livelihoods Project (BRLP), is an initiative launched by the Bihar government to enhance rural development and poverty alleviation.
• This program was initiated with the support of the World Bank to empower women and promote sustainable livelihoods.
• Under JEEVIKA, Self-Help Groups (SHGs) are formed to enable women to access credit, savings, and livelihood opportunities.
• The initiative aims to strengthen rural institutions and enhance the socio-economic conditions of households in Bihar.
• JEEVIKA has significantly contributed to improving financial inclusion, agricultural productivity, and skill development in rural areas.

Additional Information

• Self-Help Groups (SHGs):
• SHGs are small, informal groups of women formed to promote savings and credit among members and to foster collective decision-making.
• These groups are critical in empowering women economically and socially in rural areas.
• World Bank Support:
• The World Bank has provided financial and technical assistance to the JEEVIKA project to ensure its effective implementation.
• This collaboration has contributed to expanding the program across multiple districts in Bihar.
• Key Focus Areas of JEEVIKA:
• Promoting financial inclusion through access to credit and savings facilities.
• Enhancing livelihood opportunities in agriculture, livestock, and small-scale enterprises.
• Capacity building and skill development for rural communities.
• Impact of JEEVIKA:
• Improved household incomes and reduced poverty in rural Bihar.
• Strengthened women's participation in community decision-making.
• Enhanced access to health, education, and other essential services.