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The correct answer is LIGO-India.

Key Points

• LIGO-India (Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory) is an advanced gravitational-wave observatory.
• It is designed to detect cosmic gravitational waves and to develop gravitational-wave observatory technology.
• Gravitational waves are ripples in spacetime caused by some of the most violent and energetic processes in the Universe.
• LIGO-India will work in conjunction with other LIGO detectors located in the United States to improve the detection and analysis of gravitational wave signals.

Additional Information

• James Webb Space Telescope: This is a large, space-based observatory optimized for infrared astronomy.
• ISRO’s Astrosat: This is India's first dedicated multi-wavelength space observatory.
• Hubble Space Telescope: This is a space telescope that was launched into low Earth orbit in 1990 and remains in operation.

The Correct answer is Option 3. 

Key Points

1. Statement (1): Chandrayaan-3 is a follow-on mission to Chandrayaan-2, aimed at demonstrating India's capability for a safe landing and roving on the lunar surface, specifically on the Moon's south pole. This makes Statement (1) correct.
2. Statement (2): Chandrayaan-3 was successfully launched using the Launch Vehicle Mark-3 (LVM3), also known as GSLV Mk III, which is ISRO's heavy-lift launch vehicle. This makes Statement (2) correct.

Thus, both statements are true.

The Correct Answer is Elon Musk.

Key Points

• SpaceX is an American aerospace company founded in 2002 by Elon Musk that helped usher in the era of commercial spaceflight.
• Its name in full is Space Exploration Technologies Corporation.
• SpaceX designs, manufactures and launches the world's most advanced rockets and spacecraft.
• SpaceX has gained worldwide attention for a series of historic milestones.

Additional Information

• Thomas Keith Glennan was the first Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, formally established on October 1, 1958, under the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958.
• An ardent renaissance man, he has additionally worked in an award-winning capacity in a variety of roles ranging from engineering, sales, solutions design, solutions delivery, to executive management. Frank holds an MBA from the University of California Haas School of Business.
• Lightfoot received a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering in 1986 from the University of Alabama. In October 2007, he was named Distinguished Departmental Fellow for the University of Alabama.

The correct answer is Swachh Bharat Mission Grameen

Key Points

• Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation has launched the GOBAR (Galvanizing Organic Bio-Agra Resources)-DHAN scheme.
• The scheme is being implemented as part of the Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin)
• The Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) comprises two main components for creating clean villages:

1. Creating Open Defecation Free (ODF) villages
2. Managing solid and liquid waste in villages.

• The GOBAR-DHAN scheme, with its focus on keeping villages clean, increasing the income of rural households, and generation of energy from cattle waste, is an important element of this ODF-plus strategy.

The correct answer is Option 1

In News

• Recent studies published in Nature revealed that ecDNA challenges Mendel's third law of genetics and plays a significant role in cancer progression, metastasis, and drug resistance.

Key Points

• ecDNA refers to circular DNA structures that break away from chromosomes and float freely in the nucleus.
• Unlike chromosomal DNA, ecDNA amplifies oncogenes, accelerating tumour growth and enabling drug resistance.
• ecDNA does not adhere to Mendel's laws, as it clusters during cell division, enhancing gene interactions in cancer cells. Hence, option 1 is correct.

The correct answer is Jawaharlal Nehru

Key Points

• Jawaharlal Nehru wrote the book "The Discovery of India".
• Jawaharlal Nehru was the first Prime Minister of independent India and a central figure in Indian politics before and after independence.
• The book was written by Nehru during his imprisonment in 1942-1946 at Ahmednagar fort in Maharashtra, India.
• "The Discovery of India" provides an insight into Indian history, philosophy, and culture from Nehru's perspective.
• The book reflects Nehru's vision of India and his deep love and respect for its rich cultural heritage.

Additional Information

• Jawaharlal Nehru played a significant role in the Indian independence movement under the guidance of Mahatma Gandhi.
• He was a key architect in the formation of modern India's government and political culture.
• Besides "The Discovery of India", Nehru also authored other notable works such as "Glimpses of World History" and "An Autobiography".
• His writings continue to be influential in understanding India's journey to independence and its subsequent development.
• Nehru's vision laid the foundation for India's commitment to democracy, secularism, and social justice.

The correct answer is Poona Pact.

Key Points

• The Poona Pact was an agreement between Mahatma Gandhi and B.R.Ambedkar on behalf of Dalits, depressed class, and upper caste Hindu leaders on the reservation of electoral seats for the depressed classes in the legislature of British India in 1932.
• It was made on 24 September 1932 at Yerawada Central Jail, Poona.
• It was signed by Ambedkar on behalf of the depressed classes and by Madan Mohan Malviya on behalf of Hindus, Faraz Shah, Sana Ejaz and Gandhi.

Additional Information

• The Lucknow Pact was an agreement reached between the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League (AIML) at a joint session of both the parties held in Lucknow in December 1916.
• The Cripps Mission was sent by the British government to India in March 1942 to obtain Indian cooperation for the British war efforts in the 2^nd World War.
• Gandhi-Irwin Pact is the name given to a political agreement concluded by Mahatma Gandhi and Lord Irwin, the then Viceroy of India, on 5^th March 1931.

The correct answer is Sending scientists 6,000 meters underwater.

Key Points

• Samudrayaan is India’s first manned deep-sea mission aimed at sending a submersible vessel with scientists to explore the deep ocean at a depth of up to 6,000 meters.
• It is a part of the Deep Ocean Mission launched by the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Government of India.
• The submersible, named MATSYA 6000, is designed to carry three people and is equipped with advanced scientific instruments for deep-sea exploration.
• The mission is set to be completed by 2026 and aims to study deep-sea biodiversity, mineral resources, and the impact of climate change on the ocean ecosystem.
• Samudrayaan will position India among the elite nations like the USA, Russia, Japan, France, and China that have developed deep-sea manned submersible technologies.

Additional Information

• Deep Ocean Mission (DOM):
• The Deep Ocean Mission is a flagship initiative of the Ministry of Earth Sciences to explore the deep oceans and sustainably harness ocean resources.
• The mission consists of multiple components, including deep-sea mining, underwater robotics, and research on marine biodiversity.
• MATSYA 6000 Submersible:
• MATSYA 6000 is an indigenously developed deep-sea submersible capable of diving to depths of 6,000 meters.
• It features a titanium alloy sphere to withstand extreme pressure and advanced imaging systems for underwater research.
• Potential Benefits:
• Exploration of polymetallic nodules, which are rich in minerals like manganese, nickel, cobalt, and copper.
• Understanding deep-sea ecosystems, which is crucial for biodiversity conservation and climate change research.
• Global Context:
• Countries like the USA (Alvin submersible), China (Jiaolong submersible), and Japan have advanced capabilities in manned deep-sea missions.
• Samudrayaan will help India achieve technological self-reliance in deep-sea exploration and research.

The correct answer is Tamil Nadu

In News

• Tamil Nadu state government launched the "Neengal Nalama" Scheme to uplift families within the state.

Key Points

• The primary objective of the "Neengal Nalama" plan is to evaluate the effectiveness of important government schemes and to provide assistance to people facing any issues or challenges.
• The plan was launched on March 6, 2024.
• The plan was inaugurated by Minister of Rural Development I. Periyasamy, along with the presence of Chief Minister M.K. Stalin and other significant dignitaries.
• The plan involves contacting beneficiaries across the state of Tamil Nadu to assess their well-being and to address any concerns or problems they may have encountered.
• The plan is also known as the 'Are you alright plan' or the Neengal Nalama Scheme 2024.
• It is a comprehensive initiative aimed at providing support to all families in Tamil Nadu.

The correct answer is Jeevika Health Insurance Scheme.

Key Points

• The Jeevika Health Insurance Scheme is an initiative by the Bihar government aimed at providing health insurance coverage to rural households.
• It primarily focuses on families associated with self-help groups (SHGs) under the Jeevika program.
• The scheme offers financial assistance for healthcare expenses, ensuring access to quality medical services for economically weaker sections.
• It is part of the Bihar Rural Livelihoods Promotion Society (BRLPS) initiative, which aims to reduce healthcare-related financial burdens on rural communities.
• This scheme is an important step towards improving healthcare accessibility in rural Bihar, aligning with state-level efforts to support marginalized populations.

Additional Information

• Bihar Rural Livelihoods Promotion Society (BRLPS):
• BRLPS is an autonomous body under the Bihar government, implementing the Jeevika program to promote sustainable livelihoods.
• It works to empower rural communities through self-help groups and various socio-economic initiatives.
• The Jeevika Health Insurance Scheme is one of its key healthcare-focused efforts.
• Self-Help Groups (SHGs):
• SHGs are small voluntary associations of people, often women, formed to address economic and social challenges collectively.
• Under the Jeevika program, SHGs play a critical role in accessing health insurance benefits for their members.
• Health Insurance in India:
• Health insurance schemes like Ayushman Bharat aim to provide financial protection against medical expenses.
• State-level schemes, such as Jeevika, complement national programs by addressing specific local needs.
• Challenges in Rural Healthcare:
• Lack of access to quality medical facilities and financial barriers are key challenges in rural India.
• Schemes like Jeevika address these issues by reducing the economic burden and improving healthcare accessibility.