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The correct answer is Beas.

• The headquarters of the Ganga called the ‘Bhagirathi’ is fed by the Gangotri Glacier and joined by the Alaknanda at Devaprayag in Uttarakhand. At Haridwar, the Ganga emerges from the mountains onto the plains.

Key Points:

Tributaries of Ganga:

• The Ganga is joined by many tributaries from the Himalayas
• The tributaries can be categorized into left-hand and right-hand tributaries.
• A few of them being major rivers, such as the Yamuna, the Ghaghara, the Gandak, and the Kosi.

Hence, option 3 is the correct answer.

• Beas: it is the tributary of the river Indus. The Satluj, the Beas, the Ravi, the Chenab, and the Jhelum join together to enter the Indus near Mithankot in Pakistan. It is not associated with the river Ganga.

The Correct Answer is ​Easter Monday.

In News

• Pope Francis dies after prolonged illness.

Key Points

• Pope Francis has died at the age of 88.
• He passed away after a prolonged illness, with severe complications in recent weeks.
• He served as Pope for 12 years.
• Became Pope in 2013, the first Latin-American pontiff.
• Known for being a voice for the poor.
• Reshaped and modernized the Catholic Church.
• Died on Easter Monday.
• Was one of the oldest popes in the Church’s history.

The correct answer is India.

In News

• India assumed the chairmanship of the 12^th BRICS Parliamentary Forum after the conclusion of the 11^th forum held in Brasilia, Brazil.

Key Points

• India was entrusted with hosting the 12^th BRICS Parliamentary Forum, taking on the chairmanship role for the next session.
• The Indian delegation, led by Shri Om Birla, Speaker of the Lok Sabha, played a key role in the forum's discussions and the final joint declaration.
• India's leadership in this forum emphasizes its commitment to fostering cooperation within the BRICS parliamentary framework.
• The chairmanship handover took place at the conclusion of the 11^th BRICS Parliamentary Forum held in Brasilia, Brazil, in June 2025.

Additional Information

• BRICS Parliamentary Forum
• A significant platform where parliamentarians from BRICS member nations discuss global issues and foster cooperation across member countries.
• India’s leadership in the 12^th session will continue to shape discussions on key topics such as peace, security, economic growth, and technological collaboration.
• BRICS:
• BRICS is a bloc of major emerging economies—originally Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa—now expanded to 11 member countries.
• The group plays a significant role in global economic, political, and environmental governance, representing 47% of the world’s population and 36% of global GDP (PPP).

The correct answer is Megasthenes.

Key Points 

• Megasthenes describes the ‘philosophoi’ (sophists and philosophers) as being held in very high esteem in India.
• Strabo divided them further into two groups, the brachmanes (Brahmanas) and garmanes (shramanas).
• Megasthenes however seems to think that there was no concept of slavery in India and praised Indian Society. Hence, option 2 is the correct answer.
• On the other hand, we know from other sources of situations that led to enslavement – a person could be a slave either by birth, by voluntarily selling themselves, by being captured in war, or as a result of judicial punishment.
• We also know of a tax termed vishti that was paid in labour to the State.
• Kautilya also described different kinds of slaves.
• Labour was provided by the dasa-karma karas – slaves and hired labour.
• According to Arthashastra the various categories of labour included wage labour, bonded labour, and slave labour.

Additional Information

• Megasthenes was originally a representative of Seleucus Nikator at the court of Sibyrtios, the governor of Arachosia (present-day Kandahar region in Afghanistan).
• After the treaty between Chandragupta and Seleucus was settled, Megasthenes was sent as Seleucus’ envoy to Chandragupta’s court.
• Based on his travels and experiences in India, he wrote a book called the Indica.
• This work is lost. What survives of it is in the form of ‘quotations’ from later writers (Diodorus, Strabo, Arrian and Pliny) concerned with the Hellenistic world.
• Megasthenes’ Indica described the country, whatever little he saw of it, its size and shape, rivers, soil, climate, plants, animals, agricultural produce, administration, society, and folktales.
• The animals in the subcontinent particularly captivated the Greek writers and their audiences, and they describe in detail the exotic animals such as elephants, and monkeys and activities such as horse training and elephant training.
• They also noted the similarities with their own lands, especially in terms of legends and mythologies.

The correct answer is Kunwar Singh.

Key Points

• Kunwar Singh was the leader of the revolt of 1857 in Jagdishpur (Bihar).
• ​Veer Kunwar Singh belonged to the Ujjainiya clan of the Parmar Rajputs of Jagdispur (Bhojpur district) Bihar.
• In the 1857 rebellion, Kunwar Singh was assisted by both his commander-in-chief, Hare Krishna Singh, and his brother, Babu Amar Singh.
• He was an expert in guerilla warfare techniques and passed away while bravely fighting against the British forces on 26^th April 1858.

Additional Information 

The Correct Answer is Muhammad Waseem and Chloe Tryon.

In News

• Waseem and Tryon named ICC Players of the Month for May 2025.

Key Points

• ICC Players of the Month – May 2025 announced.
• Men’s Winner: Muhammad Waseem (UAE batter)
• Second time winning the award.
• Recognised for strong ODI and T20I performances.
• Women’s Winner: Chloe Tryon (South Africa all-rounder)
• First time winning.
• Honoured for all-round performance in the Sri Lanka ODI Tri-Series.

The Correct Answer is Karnataka.

In News

• Karnataka has embarked upon a village-level survey for documentation of antiquities, an initiative to be the first-of-its-kind in the country.

Key Points

• Karnataka will be the first Indian state to complete a village-level antiquities survey.
• The survey includes geo-tagging of inscriptions, sculptures, and monuments.
• Announced by the Department of Archaeology, Museums and Heritage on World Heritage Day.
• The survey is a foundational step in protecting archaeological heritage.
• The model aims to inspire other states in India.
• Karnataka will have a detailed inventory of antiquities via geo-tagging.
• 800+ monuments are protected by the State Government.
• 600+ monuments are protected by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI).
• A proposal exists to protect 110 more monuments.
• Karnataka has followed a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model since 2001.
• Partner: Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara Dharmothana Trust.
• Conservation funding breakdown:
• 40% – Trust
• 40% – Department
• 20% – Local community
• 200+ monuments and temples have been conserved under this initiative.

Given data: Principal = Rs. 4,900, Compound Interest = Rs. 725, Time = 2 years

Concept: Compound Interest is calculated using the formula: A = P(1 + r/100)^t.

Solution:

Amount after 2 years = Principal + Interest = Rs. 4900 + Rs. 725 = Rs. 5625

Rate = [(5625/4900)^(1/2) - 1] × 100 = \(7{{1} \over 7}\)%

Therefore, the rate of interest per annum is\(7{{1} \over 7}\)%.

Shortcut Trick

Net interest rate gain per year = 7% − 5% = 2%

Total gain percentage over 3 years = 2% × 3 = 6%

Gain amount = 6% of Principal (₹75,000)

⇒ Gain = 75,000 × (6 ÷ 100) = ₹4,500

∴ The correct answer is ₹4,500.

Alternate Method

Given:

Principal (P) = ₹75,000

Time (T) = 3 years

Rate of borrowing (R₁) = 5% per annum

Rate of lending (R₂) = 7% per annum

Formula Used:

Simple Interest (SI) = (P × R × T) ÷ 100

Gain = SI Received − SI Paid

Calculations:

⇒ Interest paid = (75,000 × 5 × 3) ÷ 100

⇒ Interest paid = 750 × 15 = ₹11,250

⇒ Interest received = (75,000 × 7 × 3) ÷ 100

⇒ Interest received = 750 × 21 = ₹15,750

⇒ Total gain = 15,750 − 11,250 = ₹4,500

∴ The correct answer is ₹4,500.

Additional Information

Simple Interest (SI)

Interest is calculated only on the principal amount throughout the tenure. Formula: SI = (P × R × T) ÷ 100.

Compound Interest (CI)

Interest is calculated on the principal plus any previously accumulated interest. Amount = P × (1 + R/100)^T.

Difference Between CI and SI

For 2 years, Difference = P × (R/100)². For 3 years, Difference = P × (R/100)² × (3 + R/100).

Given:

P = Rs. 64000

r = 5% per annum = 5/100 = 0.05 (in decimal)

n = 1 (as the interest is compounded annually)

t = 2 years

Calculation:

A = 64000(1 + 0.05/1)²

= 64000(1.05)²

= 64000 × 1.1025

= Rs. 70560

So, the total amount after 2 years would be Rs. 70560.

Interest = A - P

= 70560 - 64000

= Rs. 6560

Therefore, the compound interest accrued on a sum of Rs. 64000 at the rate of 5% per annum in 2 years, compounded annually, will be Rs. 6560.