RRB NTPC CBT 2 (Level-5) Official Paper (Held On: 12 June 2022 Shift 1) (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is 219.

Key Points

• Appointment of Judges of the High Courts is made under Articles 217 and 224 of the Constitution of India.
• Article 217 - Appointment and conditions of the office of a Judge of a High Court
• Every Judge of a High Court shall be appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal. Hence statement 1 is correct.
• A person shall not be qualified for appointment as a Judge of a High Court unless he is a citizen of India and—
• has for at least ten years held a judicial office in the territory of India; or
• has for at least ten years been an advocate of a High Court or of two or more such Courts in succession;
• Article 219 - Oath or affirmation by Judges of High Courts.
• Every person appointed to be a Judge of a High Court shall, before he enters upon his office, make and subscribe before the Governor of the State, or some person appointed on that behalf by him, an oath or affirmation according to the form set out for the purpose in the Third Schedule. Hence statement 2 is correct.
• Article 224 - Appointment of additional and acting Judges.
• If by reason of any temporary increase in the business of a High Court or by reason of arrears of work therein, it appears to the President that the 
  

number of the Judges of that Court should be for the time being increased,  duly qualified persons to be Additional Judges of the Court for such period not exceeding two years as he may specify.

• When any Judge of a High Court other than the Chief Justice is by reason of absence or for any another reason unable to perform the duties of his office or is appointed to act temporarily as Chief Justice,a duly qualified person to act as a Judge of that Court until the permanent Judge has resumed his duties.
• No person appointed as an additional or acting Judge of a High Court shall hold office after attaining the age of 62 years.
• Appointment of Judges of the High Courts is made under Articles 217 and 224 of the Constitution of India, which do not provide for reservation for any caste or class of persons.

• The existence of a pandemic and its spread due to large gatherings can discourage many parents from sending their children to school. Thus, statement I is a possible reason.
• Social distance norms would cause the requirement of increase in seating capacity to accommodate the original number of students. However, this might not be feasible for all schools. Thus, online or a hybrid model would be an appropriate choice in such a situation. Therefore, statement II is also a possible reason.

Hence, "Both statements I and II are possible reasons." is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Zygote.

Key Points

• The fusion of the male gamete and female gamete is called fertilization.
• Fertilization of gametes results in the formation of a zygote.
• Gamete formation: These are cells used during sexual production. The male gamete is sperm while the female gamete is the egg or ova.
• Fertilization: This is the process where the male and female gametes fuse to form a single cell called a zygote.
• Zygote: This is the combination of the parent gene(male and female gene) formed during fertilization.
• ​It contains the necessary genetic information to form a new human being.
• Embryo: This is the early stage of development of the new individual.
• The correct sequence of events is during reproduction in human beings.

Gamete formation → Fertilization → Zygote → Embryo

The correct answer is Germany.  

Key Points

• Indian men's hockey team defeated Germany to win their first-ever Olympic medal in 41 years.
• It was India's third hockey bronze medal in the history of the Olympics.
• The other two came in 1968 Mexico City and the 1972 Munich Games.

Additional Information

• Hockey:
• The Hockey World cup is organised by the International Hockey Federation (FIH) once in four years.
• The headquarters of FIH is located in Lausanne, Switzerland.
• ‘Blackheath Rugby and Hockey Club’ was the first hockey club in the world that was set up in the year 1861 in England.
• The first Hockey World Cup was organised in Barcelona (Spain) in 1971 and the winner was Pakistan.
• India took part in Olympics for the first time in the year 1928 (in Amsterdam Olympics).
• In Olympics, India has won the hockey title a maximum of eight times.

The correct answer is Harsha.

Key Points

• Ratnavali is a Sanskrit drama about a princess Ratnavali, and a king Udayana, written by Harshvardhana.
• Nagananda, Priyadarshika, and Ratnavali are written by King Harsha.

Additional Information

• Harshvardhana : 
• He was the ruler of a large empire in northern India from 606 to 647 CE.
• His reign seemed to mark a transition from the ancient to the medieval period when decentralized regional empires continually struggled for hegemony.
• He ascended the throne of Thaneshwar and Kannauj on the death of his brother, Rajyavardhana.
• The Chinese traveller, Hiuen Tsang, visited India during his reign.
• Hiuen Tsang converted Harshavardhana to Mahayana Buddhism.
• Harsha organized a religious assembly at Kanauj to honour the Chinese pilgrim Hiuen Tsang towards the close of his reign.
• The administration of Harsha was organized on the same lines as the Guptas did.
• Harsha was a great patron of learning.
• His biographer Banabhatta adorned his royal court. Besides Harshacharita, he wrote Kadambari.
• Other literary figures in Harsha’s court were Matanga Divakara and the famous Barthrihari, who was the poet, philosopher, and grammarian.
• Harsha himself authored three plays - Ratnavali, Priyadarsika, and Nagananda.

Given statements: P > Z, N < T, M > N, Z > M

On combining: P > Z > M > N < T

Conclusions:

I. P < T → False (as P > Z > M > N < T gives P > N and N < T → clear relationship between P and T cannot be determined).

II. N < Z → True (as P > Z > M > N gives N < Z).

Hence, the correct answer is “Only II is true”.

The correct answer is 118.

Key Points

• Modern Periodic Table
• Elements in the modern periodic table are arranged in increasing order of their atomic numbers, not atomic masses.
• Elements in the modern periodic table are decorated in increasing order of their atomic numbers, so there is no separate space for isotopes. Hence statements (i), (i) and (ii) are false.
• The Modern Periodic Table is used to predict the properties of elements.
• Elements in the modern periodic table are arranged in 7 periods and 18 groups.
• Horizontal rows are called periods and vertical columns are called groups.
• According to their shared physical and chemical properties, the elements can be grouped into the major categories of metals, metalloids, and nonmetals.

​

Important Points

• Ununennium also known as eka-francium is the 119^th element.

Preparing the family tree using the following symbols,

We can dram following Family Tree from the information given above:

1. Rubi and Juhi are sisters.

2. Krishna is Juhi’s father's father.

3. Arvind is the father of Rohit, who is the only brother of Rubi.

4. Reshma is the mother of Arvind.

Hence, Krishna is "Father's father" of Rohit.

Six people A, B, C, D, E and F are sitting around a circular table facing the centre.

1. C sits second to the left of B.

2. E is an immediate neighbour of B.

3. F sits third to the left of E.

In case - II  C is already sitting third to the left of E so case - II is not possible.

4. D sits second to the left of A.

Thus, “C” sits to the immediate right of A.

Given:

6y² − 13y + 6 = 0

Formula used:

For any quadratic equation ax² + bx + c = 0

The product of the roots = c/a.

Calculation:

According to the question,

a = 6, b = -13, and c = 6

Now,

The product of the roots = c/a = 6/6 = 1

∴ The product of the two roots of the equation is 1.

Alternate MethodGiven:

6y2 − 13y + 6 = 0

Concept used:

ax² + bx + c = 0

a, b, c = Known numbers,

Where a ≠ 0,  x = Unknown

Calculation:

6y2 − 13y + 6 = 0

⇒ 6y2 − 9y - 4y + 6 = 0

⇒ 3y(2y − 3) - 2(2y - 3) = 0

⇒ (2y − 3)(3y - 2) = 0

⇒ y = 3/2 and 2/3

Now, According to the question,

(3/2) × (2/3) = 1

∴ The product of the two roots of the equation is 1.

Additional InformationFor any quadratic equation ax² + bx + c = 0,

Sum of the roots = -b/a

Shortcut Trick

Volume of a sphere in terms of Surface Area (SA) and radius (r) is given by: Volume = (SA × r) ÷ 3

First, find radius: r² = SA ÷ 4π = 61600 ÷ (4 × 22/7) = 4900 ⇒ r = 70 cm.

Volume in cm³ = (61600 × 70) ÷ 3 = 4312000/3 cm³.

Convert to m³ (1 m³ = 10⁶ cm³): (4312000/3) ÷ 1,000,000 = 4.312/3 m³.

∴ The correct answer is 4.312/3 m³.

Alternate Method

Given:

Surface Area of sphere = 61600 cm²

Value of π = 22/7

Formula Used:

Surface Area = 4πr²

Volume = (4/3)πr³

Calculations:

⇒ 4 × (22/7) × r² = 61600

⇒ (88/7) × r² = 61600

⇒ r² = (61600 × 7) ÷ 88

⇒ r² = 700 × 7 = 4900

⇒ r = √4900 = 70 cm

⇒ Volume (V) = (4/3) × (22/7) × 70 × 70 × 70

⇒ V = (4/3) × 22 × 10 × 70 × 70

⇒ V = (88 × 49000) ÷ 3 = 4312000/3 cm³

To convert cm³ to m³, divide by 10⁶ (since 1 m = 100 cm):

⇒ V = (4312000/3) ÷ 1,000,000

⇒ V = 4.312/3 m³

∴ The correct answer is 4.312/3 m³.

Additional Information

Properties of Sphere and Hemisphere

Curved Surface Area of Hemisphere = 2πr²

Total Surface Area of Hemisphere = 3πr²

Volume of Hemisphere = (2/3)πr³

Unit Conversions

1 m² = 10,000 cm² | 1 m³ = 1,000,000 cm³

Given:

3 badminton players in each stream Commerce, Science and Arts.

Commerce: A, B and C

Science: P, Q and R

Arts: J, K and L

A team of 4 badminton players are to be sent for a tournament with following conditions:

(i) There must be at least one student from each stream.

 

(ii) P will not go with Q or R.

 

(iii) A and C will always go together.

 

(iv) K and L will always go together.

 

Now check all the options:

1)  A, C, P, and J → True (All conditions are fulfilled)

2)  A, Q, R, and J → False (A and C will always go together)

3)  B, Q, J, and K → False (K and L will always go together)

4)  B, P, R, and J → False (P will not go with Q or R)

Hence, “Option (1)” is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Egypt.

Key Points

• The Valley of the Kings is located in Egypt and it is one of the most important archaeological sites in the world.
• A whole cemetery exclusively for pharaohs is present at the site. (pharaohs - A word used for the monarchs of ancient Egypt from the First Dynasty until the annexation of Egypt by the Roman Empire in 30 BCE)
• During Egypt's New Kingdom (1539-1075 B.C.), the valley became a royal burial ground for pharaohs such as Tutankhamun, Seti I, and Ramses II, as well as queens, and high priests, and other elites of the 18th, 19th, and 20th dynasties.
• Located at the foot of the Al-Qurn with its characteristic pyramid-shaped top, it is on the western bank of the Nile, at the height of Luxor.

Important Points

• All the tombs in the Valley of the Kings are numbered according to the order in which they were discovered.
• The last one was Tutankhamen’s, which makes the number 62.
• Egyptologists know them by their number and an abbreviation in front, the letters VK, which stands for “King Valley“.
• The largest and most complex tomb in the Valley of the Kings (number 5) was apparently built to contain the burial chambers of many of the sons of Ramses II (reigned 1279–13), the greatest king of the 19th dynasty.
• The Valley of the Kings is located in Egypt and it is one of the most important archaeological sites in the world.
• A whole cemetery exclusively for pharaohs is present at the site. (pharaohs - A word used for the monarchs of ancient Egypt from the First Dynasty until the annexation of Egypt by the Roman Empire in 30 BCE)
• During Egypt's New Kingdom (1539-1075 B.C.), the valley became a royal burial ground for pharaohs such as Tutankhamun, Seti I, and Ramses II, as well as queens, high priests, and other elites of the 18th, 19th, and 20th dynasties.
• Located at the foot of the Al-Qurn with its characteristic pyramid-shaped top, it is on the western bank of the Nile, at the height of Luxor.
• All the tombs in the Valley of the Kings are numbered according to the order in which they were discovered.
• The last one was Tutankhamen’s, which makes the number 62.
• Egyptologists know them by their number and an abbreviation in front, the letters VK, which stands for “King Valley“.
• The largest and most complex tomb in the Valley of the Kings (number 5) was apparently built to contain the burial chambers of many of the sons of Ramses II (reigned 1279–13), the greatest king of the 19th dynasty.

Given:

PLAN FORE RAMP RANG SAND

The fourth letter is changed to the next letter in the English alphabetical order:

PLAN → “N” is replaced with the next alphabet “O” → PLAO - 2 vowels A, O

FORE → “M” is replaced with the next alphabet “N” → FORF

RAMP → “P” is replaced with the next alphabet “Q” → RAMQ

RANG → “G” is replaced with the next alphabet “H” → RANH

SAND → “D” is replaced with the next alphabet “E” → SANE - 2 vowels A, E

Hence, “Two” letter clusters thus formed will have two vowels.

According to the BODMAS rule:

Option 1 : 5 and 3

Given:

6 × 4 − 5 + 9 ÷ 3 = Y

After interchange the signs;

• 6 × 4 − 3 + 9 ÷ 5 = Y
• By BODMAS rule
• 6 × 4 − 3 + 1.8 = Y
• 24 – 3 + 1.8 = Y
• 25.8 – 3 = Y
• 22.8 = Y ≠ 29

Option 2 : 4 and 5

Given: 

6 × 4 − 5 + 9 ÷ 3 = Y

After interchange the signs;

• 6 × 5 − 4 + 9 ÷ 3 = Y
• By BODMAS rule
• 6 × 5 − 4 + 3 = Y
• 30 – 4 + 3 = Y
• 33 – 4 = Y
• 29 = Y = 29

 

Option 3: 6 and 9

Given:

6 × 4 − 5 + 9 ÷ 3 = Y

After interchange the signs;

• 9 × 4 − 5 + 6 ÷ 3 = Y
• By BODMAS rule
• 9 × 4 − 5 + 2 = Y
• 36 – 5 + 2 = Y
• 38 – 5 = Y
• 33 = Y ≠ 29

Option 4: 9 and 3

Given:

6 × 4 − 5 + 9 ÷ 3 = Y

After interchange the signs;

• 6 × 4 − 5 + 3 ÷ 9 = Y
• By BODMAS rule
• 6 × 4 − 5 + 0.34 = Y
• 24 – 5 + 0.34 = Y
• 24.34 – 5 = Y
• 19.34 = Y ≠ 29

Hence, the answer is “4 and 5”.

Given:

$√{3}$ tan2θ − 3 = 0

Concept used:

Calculation:

$√{3}$ tan2θ − 3 = 0

⇒ $√{3}$tan2θ = 3

⇒ tan2θ = 3/√3

⇒ tan2θ = √3

⇒ tan2θ = tan60°

So, θ = 30°

Now,

tanθsecθ − sinθ = (1/√3) × (2/√3) - (1/2)

⇒ (2/3) - (1/2)

⇒ [(4 - 3)/6]

⇒ 1/6

∴ Required value of the question is 1/6.

The correct answer is 1818.

Key Points

• The Bengal Regulation III of 1818 also known as the Bengal State Prisoners Regulation, III of 1818, was a law for preventive detention enacted by the East India Company in the Presidency of Bengal in 1818.
• It empowered the British administration to detain an individual indefinitely, on the basis of suspicion of criminal intent, and without having to commit the detainee to trial.
• Similar laws were also enacted in the Presidencies of Madras and Bombay.
• The act, along with a similar law enacted in 1915 was put to significant implementation during World War I in British India and remained enforced until at least 1927.

Given:

\(\frac{9}{15} \times \frac{45}{81} \times\left{\frac{49}{6} \times\left(\frac{16}{7}−2\right)\right} \times \frac{24}{5} \div \frac{16}{15}\)

Concept used:

Calculation:

\(\frac{9}{15} \times \frac{45}{81} \times\left{\frac{49}{6} \times\left(\frac{16}{7}−2\right)\right} \times \frac{24}{5} \div \frac{16}{15}\)

⇒ \(\frac{9}{15} \times \frac{45}{81} \times\left{\frac{49}{6} \times\left(\frac{16 - 14}{7}\right)\right} \times \frac{24}{5} \div \frac{16}{15}\)

⇒ \(\frac{9}{15} \times \frac{45}{81} \times\left{\frac{49}{6} \times\frac{2}{7}\right} \times \frac{24}{5} \div \frac{16}{15}\)

⇒ $\frac{9}{15} \times \frac{45}{81} \times\frac{7}{3} \times \frac{24}{5} \div \frac{16}{15}$

⇒ $\frac{9}{15} \times \frac{45}{81} \times\frac{7}{3} \times \frac{24}{5} \times \frac{15}{16}$

⇒ $\frac{9}{15} \times \frac{45}{81} \times\frac{7}{3} \times \frac{9}{2}$

⇒ $\frac{9}{15} \times \frac{45}{81} \times\frac{21}{2}$

⇒ $\frac{1}{3} \times\frac{21}{2}$

⇒ $\frac{7}{2}$

∴ Required answer is $\frac{7}{2}$.

The correct answer is Asphalt.

Key Points

• Asphalt concrete is one of the most common types of pavement surface materials used in the world. It is a porous material made at a very high temperature of about 180°C that consists of a mixture of asphalt binder (bitumen), aggregate particles, and air voids. After some years of usage, the stiffness of asphalt concrete increases, and its relaxation capacity decreases. The binder becomes more brittle, then micro-cracks develop in it and cracking of the interface between aggregates and binder occurs.

Additional Information

• Granite:
• Granite is unstratified rock, plutonic igneous rock, silicious rock
• Granite is hard, the coarse-grained rock of crystalline structure.
• It is a type of igneous rock (plutonic rock).
• Schist is a type of Metamorphic rock.
• Basalt rock is an example of Extrusive igneous rock.

The correct answer is Uttar Pradesh.

Key Points

• When Alha was born, the earth sank two and a half hands popular folk singing style of Bundelkhand.
• A form of folk song and music prevalent in North India, which is capable of communicating heroic rasa to the listeners.
• This style of folk music is popularly known as 'alha'.
• Alha is an important verse poem of Bundeli and Awadhi, composed by the great poet Jagnik of the Veergatha period and based on the Parmal Raso.
• This poem is believed to have been composed in about 1250 AD.
• In this, there is a saga of the heroic Alha of Mahoba and the bravery of Udal.
• This is the most popular heroic story of Awadh in Uttar Pradesh and Bundelkhand in Madhya Pradesh.
• From the last phase of the Pavas season to the whole of autumn, there is alha-singing in these two regions either individually or at the group level
• There are many versions of Ala, in which some 52 and 56 battles are described.
• There are many methods of singing this folk epic.
• The popularity of Jagnik's folk poem "Alh-Khand" is nationwide.

The correct answer is Dr Shakuntala Haraksingh Thilsted.

Key Points

• Dr. Shakuntala Haraksingh Thilsted, a global nutrition expert of Indian descent, has won the prestigious 2021 World Food Prize.
• She was awarded the prize for her achievements in pioneering fish-based food systems to improve nutrition, health and livelihoods for millions around the world.
• The World Food Prize was created by Nobel Peace Prize laureate Norman Borlaug in 1986.

Given:

The difference between the outer circumference and the inner circumference of the racing track is 33 m

Concept used:

Circumference of a circle = 2πr

Here r = radius

Calculation:

According to the question,

Let the radius of the outer circle be R and the inner circle be r

Now,

2πR - 2πr = 33

⇒ 2π(R - r) = 33

⇒ (R - r) = 33 × (1/2π)

⇒ (R - r) = 33 × (7/44)

⇒ (R - r) = 21/4 = $5\frac{1}{4}$

So, width of the track = $5\frac{1}{4}$ m

∴ The width of the track (in m) is $5\frac{1}{4}$.

Given:

Two chords AB and CD of a circle intersect at a point F outside the circle.

AF = 12 cm

BF = 4 cm

CF = 16 cm

Concept used:

If two chords AB and CD of a circle are cut at a point F outside the circle then,

AF × BF = CF × DF

Calculation:

Let DF be a cm

So, according to the concept,

AF × BF = CF × DF

⇒ 12 × 4 = 16 × a

⇒ 48 = 16a

⇒ a = 48/16

⇒ a = 3

So, DF = 3

Now,

CD = CF - DF

⇒ CD = 16 - 3

⇒ CD = 13 cm

∴ The length of CD is 13 cm.

Concept used:

Divisibility rule of 3 = Sum of the digits must be divisible by 3

Divisibility rule of 10 = Last two digits must be divisible by 10

Calculation:

According to the concept,

The number should be divisible by both 3 and 10

Now, from the options, all the numbers are divisible by 10 as their last two digits are divisible by 10

Now,

Option 1:

3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 0 = 18 which is divisible by 3

Option 2:

4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 0 = 22 which is not divisible by 3

Option 3:

2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 0 = 14 which is not divisible by 3

Option 4:

1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 0 = 10 which is not divisible by 3

∴ Required answer is Option 1.

The correct answer is housing and toilet facilities to slum dwellers living below poverty line.

Key Points

• Valmiki Ambedkar Awas Yojana (VAMBAY) was launched by the Prime Minister on December 2, 2001.
• With a view to ameliorating the conditions of the urban slum dwellers living below poverty line by providing them with dwelling units and the facility of community toilets.
• The cost of the scheme is shared between Centre and the States on 50:50 basis.
• So far a sum of Rs. 590.00 crore has been allocated and 2,13,066 Dwelling Units as well as 28,753 Toilet Seats have been sanctioned.

Additional Information Some other same kind of schemes:

• Night Shelter for Urban Shelter less
• Earlier known as ‘Shelter and sanitation facilities for the footpath dwellers in urban areas’ the scheme was comprehensively reviews and modified in 2001-02. As on October, 2003, HUDCO has sanctioned 115 night shelters/pay and use toilets. On completion, it would provide 16,959 beds, 18,495 WCs, 2,147 baths and 1,928 urinals.
• National Slum Development Programme
• It provides additional Central assistance to the States for the development of urban slums. Upto October, 2003, a total amount of Rs. 2,238.51 crore has been released to the States/UTs. Out of this 1,556.03 crore has been spent and 3.49 crore slum dwellers have been benefited.
• AUWSP
• Accelerated Urban Water Supply Programme (AUWSP) aims at solving the drinking water problem in towns having population less than 20 thousand as per 1991 census. The scheme is funded by Centre and State Governments in the ratio of 50:50. Out of 2,151 eligible towns under AUWSP, 929 towns have been covered from 1993-94 to October, 2003. Out of this, 599 towns have been covered from October, 1999 to October, 2003 and a Central assistance of Rs. 423.56 crore has been provided.

Given:

The number should be divisible by 72, 108, and 300

Concept used:

For this type of question, we use the LCM method to find the required number

Calculation:

72 = 2³ × 3²

108 = 2² × 3³

300 = 2² × 3 × 5²

LCM = 2³ × 3³ × 5²

⇒ 5400

Now the number should be a cubic number and multiple of 5400

So,

5400 × 2 = 10800 which is not a cubic number

5400 × 3 = 16200 which is not a cubic number

5400 × 5 = 27000 which is a cubic number and the smallest

∴ The smallest cubic number, divisible by 72,108 and 300 is 27000.

The correct answer is 3 books.

Key Points

• Beginning in 1589, Abu’l Fazl worked on the ‘Akbar Nama’ for thirteen years.
• The Akbar Nama is divided into three books:
• The first book dealt with Akbar’s ancestors.
• The second recorded the events of Akbar’s reign.
• The third is the Ain-i Akbari.

Additional Information

• It deals with Akbar’s administration, household, army, the revenues and geography of his empire.
• It provides rich details about the traditions and culture of the people living in India.
• It also got statistical details about crops, yields, prices, wages, and revenues.
• In the early twentieth century, the Akbar Nama was translated into English by Henry Beveridge.

The correct answer is Pulicat Lake.

Key Points

• Pulicat Lake, saltwater lagoon on the Coromandel Coast of Andhra Pradesh state, southern India.
• It extends from the extreme southeastern portion of Andhra Pradesh into the adjacent portion of Tamil Nadu state and has a length of about 30 miles (50 km) and a width of 3 to 10 miles (5 to 16 km).
• The lake is located on the swampy, sandy Andhra plains, and the surrounding area is sparsely settled.
• Towns along the lake include Dugarajupatnam and Pulicat.
• The lake yields salt and prawns.

Additional Information

Given:

The length of each edge of a cube is 2.6 cm

Concept used:

The total surface area of the cube = 6a²

a = length of a side or edge of a cube

Calculation:

The total surface area of the cube = 6 × 2.6²

⇒ 6 × 6.76

⇒ 40.56

So, the total surface area of the cube is 40.56 cm²

∴ The total surface area (in cm2) of the cube is 40.56.

GIVEN :

Total Distance to be covered = 1200 kms.

Distance travelled on foot = 25%

Distance travelled by bus = 30%

Distance travelled by train = 15%

CONCEPT :

Remaining Distance travelled by airplane  = Total Distance - (Distance travelled on foot + Distance travelled by bus + Distance travelled by train)

CALCULATION :

Let the Total distance be 100%.

According to question,

100% = 1200 Kms

Remaining Distance travelled by airplane  = Total Distance - (Distance travelled on foot + Distance travelled by bus + Distance travelled by train)

⇒ 100% - (25% + 30% + 15%)

⇒ 100% - 70%

⇒ 30%

Remaining Distance = 30%

Now,

100% = 1200 Kms

∴ 30% = 1200 × (30/100) = 360

⇒ Remaining Distance = 360 Kms

∴ The distance travelled by Ravi by an Airplane is 360 Km.

The correct answer is President.

Key Points 

• President 
• Article 52: There shall be a President of India.
• He is the constitutional head of the executive of India.
• The term of the office of the President is 5 years.
• He is the first citizen of India.
• He is an integral part of the Indian Parliament.
• He can submit his resignation to the Vice President of India.
• He is the supreme commander of the Indian Armed Forces
• First President of India: Dr. Rajendra Prasad
• Current President: Droupadi Murmu (15th)

Additional Information

• Prime Minister
• Article 75: There shall be the Prime Minister appointed by the President.
• Article 74: There shall be the Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister and give advice to the President.
• The Prime Minister holds the office as long as he/she enjoys the support of the majority in Lok Sabha.
• The Prime Minister can be a member of any of the houses of the Parliament.
• The Prime Minister submits his resignation to the President.
• Vice President​
• Article 63: There shall be the vice-president of India.
• He/She is the ex-officio chairman of Rajya Sabha.
• The term of the office of Vice-President is 5 years.
• If any vacancy occurs in the office of the President, he/she will act as the president of India.
• He is not a member of any house of the Parliament.
• First Vice-President: Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
• Current Vice-President: C. P. Radhakrishnan
• Chief of Defense Staff
• The Chief of Defense Staff of the Indian Armed Forces(CDS)  is the head of the military staff of the Indian Armed Forces.
• The Chief of Defense Staff has the authority to create theatre commands as and when needed.
• The task of the Chief of Defense Staff is to better standardize weapons procurement procedures and combining operations of the Army, Air Force, and Navy.
• First Chief Defense Staff: General Bipin Rawat

The correct answer is Ginkgo Biloba.

Key Points

• The gymnosperms (gymnos: naked, Sperma: seeds) are planted in which the ovules are not enclosed by any ovary wall and remain exposed, both before and after fertilization.
• Gymnosperms include medium-sized trees or tall trees and shrubs.
• Gymnosperms are mainly classified into two groups:
• Cycadophyta (Lower gymnosperm)
• Coniferophyta (Higher gymnosperm) 
• Examples of gymnosperms are cycas, ginkgo, pinus, etc.

Additional Information

• Ginkgo is a kind of tree that is considered one of the oldest living trees.
• It dates back to 200 million ago.
• Ginkgo is known as a living fossil because its present species have remained unchanged for the past 51 million years.
• This is the feature of a fossil.

Given:

67.96 + 5.12 − 0.89 ÷ 31.88

Concept used:

Calculation:

67.96 + 5.12 − 0.89 ÷ 31.88

⇒ 68 + 5 - 1 ÷ 32

⇒ 68 + 5 - (1/32)

⇒ 73 - (1/32)

⇒ 73 - 0.3125

⇒ 72.96875 ≈ 73

∴ Required answer is 73.

Shortcut Trick

Difference in Amount = Difference in Interest

Extra Interest for 7 years = ₹25,917 − ₹22,494 = ₹3,423

Extra Interest % = 4% × 7 = 28% of Principal

⇒ 28% of Principal = ₹3,423

⇒ Principal = (3,423 ÷ 28) × 100 = ₹12,225

∴ The correct answer is ₹12,225.

Alternate Method

Given: Amount₁ = ₹22,494, Amount₂ = ₹25,917, Time (T) = 7 years, Rate difference = 4%.

Formula Used: Simple Interest (SI) = (P × R × T) ÷ 100; Amount = P + SI

⇒ Difference in Amount = (P × (x + 4) × 7 ÷ 100) − (P × x × 7 ÷ 100)

⇒ ₹25,917 − ₹22,494 = (P × 7 ÷ 100) × (x + 4 − x)

⇒ ₹3,423 = (P × 7 × 4) ÷ 100

⇒ ₹3,423 = (P × 28) ÷ 100

⇒ P = (3,423 × 100) ÷ 28

⇒ P = 122.25 × 100 = ₹12,225

∴ The correct answer is ₹12,225.

Additional Information

Simple Interest Property

Simple interest remains constant every year if the principal and rate are unchanged. SI = (P × R × T) ÷ 100.

Rate Change Impact

If the rate increases by r% for t years, the extra interest earned is (P × r × t) ÷ 100.

Amount Formula

Amount (A) = Principal (P) + Simple Interest (SI) = P × [1 + (R × T) ÷ 100].

The Correct answer is Mahapurusha Srimanta Sankaradeva.

Key Points

• The Sattriya dance form was introduced in the 15th century A.D by the great Vaishnava saint and reformer of Assam.
• The dance form evolved and expanded as a distinctive style of dance later on.
• Due to its of its religious character and association with the Sattras, this dance style has been aptly named Sattriya.

Additional Information

• About Assam: (as of May 2021)
• Chief Minister - Sri Himanta Biswa Sarma
• Governor - Shri Lakshman Prasad Acharya
• The number of districts - 33.
• Lok Sabha seats - 14.
• Rajya Sabha seats - 7

Given:

• First row: Mani, Nani, Alex, Puri and Tuli are seated facing south.
• Second row: Sharma, Atkin, Putin, Neha and Priya are seated facing north.

1. Priya sits third to the right of Atkin.

2. Atkin sits at one of the extreme ends.

3. Sharma sits second to the left of Priya.

4. The person facing Sharma sits to the immediate right of Nani.

5. Puri sits second to left of Nani.

6. Mani is not an immediate neighbour of Nani.

7. Only two people sit between Mani and Alex.

8. Neither Nani nor Mani faces Neha.

9. Only Tuli and Putin are left so the final sitting arrangement is:

 

Hence, "Sharma" is facing Tuli.

According to the given information

'love’ is coded as "er".

Hence, 'er' is the correct answer.

Given statements: A > Z ≥ P > M; P < R

Conclusions:

I. A > R → False (as A > Z ≥ P > M; P < R gives A > P and P < R → clear relationship between A and R cannot be determined).

II. M < R → True (as A > Z ≥ P > M; P < R gives M < P and P < R → M < P < M so M < R).

Hence, the correct answer is “Only II is true”.

The correct answer is 8th Schedule.

Key Points

• Schedule VIII of the Indian constitution has given recognition to 22 languages.
• Initially, there were 14 languages in the eighth schedule of our constitution.
• 21st Constitutional Amendment Act (CAA) 1967 added one language (Sindhi), 71st CAA, 1992 added 3 (Konkani, Manipuri and Nepali).
• 92nd CAA od 2003 added Bodo, Dogri, Maithili, Santhali to the eighth schedule making a total of 22 languages.

Additional Information

• English and Hindi are the languages declared by our constitution for transacting business in the Parliament.
• English and Hindi are the official languages of India.
• There is no national language of India as mentioned by the constitution of India.
• To give constitutional recognition to a language recognition it must be added to the eighth schedule of our constitution by the Constitutional Amendment Act

Shortcut Trick

Total volume is 90 litres for both mixtures and total ratio parts are 5 for both (4 + 1 = 5 and 3 + 2 = 5).

Difference in milk ratio parts directly = 4 − 3 = 1 part.

Since 5 parts = 90 litres, 1 part = 90 ÷ 5 = 18 litres.

Thus, the difference in the quantity of milk is 18 litres.

∴ The correct answer is 18 litres.

Alternate Method

Mixture 1 (90L)

Water: 1 part

Milk: 4 parts (72L)

Mixture 2 (90L)

Water: 2 parts

Milk: 3 parts (54L)

Milk Difference = 72L - 54L = 18L

Given:

Total quantity of Mixture 1 = 90 litres

Ratio of milk to water in Mixture 1 = 4 : 1

Total quantity of Mixture 2 = 90 litres

Ratio of milk to water in Mixture 2 = 3 : 2

Calculations:

⇒ Total ratio parts in Mixture 1 = 4 + 1 = 5 parts

⇒ Quantity of milk in Mixture 1 = 90 × (4 ÷ 5) = 72 litres

⇒ Total ratio parts in Mixture 2 = 3 + 2 = 5 parts

⇒ Quantity of milk in Mixture 2 = 90 × (3 ÷ 5) = 54 litres

⇒ Positive difference between the quantities of milk = 72 − 54 = 18 litres

∴ The correct answer is 18 litres.

Additional Information

Mixing Multiple Mixtures

When combining multiple mixtures, it is easiest to find the individual fractional quantities of each component (e.g., milk and water) for each mixture before adding them together to find the final overall ratio.

Rule of Alligation

It helps to find the ratio in which two ingredients at given prices or concentrations must be mixed to produce a mixture of a desired average price or concentration.

Replacement Method

When a certain volume of mixture is repeatedly replaced by a solvent (like water), the remaining amount of the pure element after n replacements is: Final = Initial × (1 − Replacement Volume ÷ Total Volume)ⁿ.

Shortcut Trick

Ratio of efficiency between Sudhir and Aarav = 4.5 : 1 → 9 : 2

Total efficiency of both working together = 9 + 2 = 11 units/day

Total Work = Total Efficiency × Time = 11 × 8 = 88 units

Time taken by Aarav alone = Total Work ÷ Aarav's Efficiency = 88 ÷ 2 = 44 days

∴ The correct answer is 44 days.

Alternate Method

Given:

⇒ Sudhir's efficiency is 4.5 times that of Aarav.

⇒ Time taken by both to complete the work = 8 days.

Formula Used:

⇒ Work = Efficiency × Time

⇒ Individual Time = Total Work ÷ Individual Efficiency

⇒ Let the efficiency of Aarav be 2 units/day.

⇒ Then, the efficiency of Sudhir = 4.5 × 2 = 9 units/day.

⇒ Combined efficiency of Sudhir + Aarav = 9 + 2 = 11 units/day.

⇒ Total work to be completed = 11 units/day × 8 days = 88 units.

⇒ Time taken by Aarav alone = 88 units ÷ 2 units/day = 44 days.

∴ The correct answer is 44 days.

Additional Information

Efficiency-Time Relationship

Efficiency is inversely proportional to time. If person A is n times more efficient than B, A will take 1/n of the time taken by B.

Combined Work Formula

If two people with efficiencies E₁ and E₂ work together for D days, the total work is (E₁ + E₂) × D.

Work and Wages

Wages are generally distributed based on the ratio of work done, which is the product of efficiency and the time for which they worked.

The correct answer is Nepal.

Key Points

• Nepal shares a border with two major countries, India and China. 
• The boundary of Nepal is surrounded by India in the east, west, and south.
• On the north, there is China's Tibetan Autonomous Region (TAR).
• Boundaries of Nepal have been shifted time and often in the historical period.
• In 1806, Nepal's territory was elongated from a River on the east to Kangra Fort on the west.
• Similarly, it was extended up to the confluence of Gandak and Ganges rivers to the south during British India. It was called the 'Greater Nepal.'
• In 1809, the border retreated back to Sutlej.
• After Anglo- Gorkha War, Nepal's boundary was shrunk from Mechi in the east to Mahakali in the west in March 1816.
• India shares a borderline with Nepal of about 1751 Km.
• It does not have any direct access to the sea.

Given:

Radius of the sphere = 3 cm

Thickness of the wire = 4 mm 

Concept used:

Volume of a sphere = (4/3)πr3

Volume of a cylinder = πr2h

r = radius of the base of cylinder and radius of the sphere

h = length of height of the cylinder

Calculation:

Thickness 4 mm i.e diameter

So, radius = 2 mm

Now,

3 cm = 30 mm

According to the question,

Volume of the sphere = Volume of the wire

(4/3)π × 30³ = π2²h

⇒ 4 × 10 × 900 = 4h

⇒ 9000 = h

So, length of the wire = 9000 mm

But here we have asked the length of the wire in m

So, length = 9000/1000 = 9 m [∵ 1 m = 1000 mm]

∴ The length of the wire (in m) is 9.

The correct answer is Rajnath Singh.

Key Points

• Defence Minister Rajnath Singh has approved the policy on archiving, declassification and compilation/publication of war/operations histories by the Ministry of Defence.
• The policy envisages that each organisation under the Ministry of Defence will transfer the records to the History Division of the Ministry of Defence for proper upkeep, archival and writing of the histories.
• The policy mandates the constitution of a committee headed by the Joint Secretary, MoD and comprising of representatives of the Services, MEA, MHA and other organisations and prominent military historians (if required), for compilation of war/operations histories.

The correct answer is Right.

Key Points

• As a default in Microsoft Excel, text typed into a cell is aligned to the left border of the cell while numbers are aligned to the right.

• The default alignment for most types of data is left alignment.

• This helps make the data easily scannable, readable, and comparable.

Additional InformationAlignment of data:

• Align Text Left:
• Horizontally aligns the data along the left edge of the cell.
• Center:
• Centers the data horizontally in the middle of the cell. If you modify the column width, the data remains centered on the new column width.
• Align Text Right:
• Horizontally aligns the data along the right edge of the cell.

The correct answer is Karnataka.

Key Points

• Huli Vesha is a dance form unique to coastal Karnataka.
• Huli Vesha is performed by local youth during the Navratri Festival.
• It is also known as Tiger faced dance.
• Huli Vesha is performed to pay tribute to Goddess Durga, whose official animal is tiger.

 

Additional Information

The correct answer is Decomposition reaction.

Key Points

• On heating, ferrous sulphate crystals lose water and anhydrous ferrous sulphate (FeSO4) is formed.

​

• So their colour changes from light green to white. On further heating, anhydrous ferrous sulphate decomposes to form ferric oxide (Fe2O3), sulphur dioxide (SO2) and sulphur trioxide (SO3).
• Ferrous sulphate crystals contain water molecules (FeSO4. 7H2O).
• On heating, ferrous sulphate crystals lose water and anhydrous ferrous sulphate (FeSO4) is formed.
• So their colour changes from light green to white.
• On further heating, anhydrous ferrous sulphate decomposes to form ferric oxide (Fe2O3), sulphur dioxide (SO2) and sulphur trioxide (SO3).
• So, the gas emitted smells like burning sulphur.
• In this reaction, the single reactant FeSO4 decomposes to form three different products.
• So, the reaction is a decomposition reaction.

Shortcut Trick

For half-yearly compounding, the rate becomes 5% (10% ÷ 2) and periods become 2 (1 year × 2).

Effective interest rate for 2 periods at 5% = 5 + 5 + (5 × 5)/100 = 10.25%.

Total interest = 10.25% of ₹9,800.

Calculation: 9800 × 0.1025 = 1004.5.

∴ The correct answer is ₹1,004.50.

Alternate Method

Given:

Principal (P) = ₹9,800

Annual Rate (R) = 10% per annum

Time (T) = 1 year

Formula Used:

For compounding half-yearly:

New Rate (r) = R/2 | New Time (n) = T × 2

Amount (A) = P(1 + r/100)ⁿ

Interest (CI) = A − P

Calculations:

⇒ r = 10% ÷ 2 = 5%

⇒ n = 1 × 2 = 2 half-years

⇒ A = 9800(1 + 5/100)²

⇒ A = 9800(1 + 0.05)²

⇒ A = 9800(1.05)²

⇒ A = 9800 × 1.1025

⇒ A = ₹10,804.50

⇒ CI = 10804.50 − 9800

⇒ CI = ₹1,004.50

∴ The correct answer is ₹1,004.50.

Additional Information

Compounding Frequency

For half-yearly, rate is halved (R/2) and time is doubled (2T). For quarterly, rate is R/4 and time is 4T.

Effective Rate Formula

Successive percentage change formula: a + b + (ab/100) helps find net interest rate for multiple periods.

Compound vs Simple Interest

In the first period (if compounding frequency matches time), CI equals SI. From the second period, CI is always greater than SI.

Shortcut Trick

Arrange the data in ascending order to find the middle term.

The Mode is the most frequently occurring value, which is 31.

The Median for 17 terms is the 9^th term, which is 14.

Required Difference = 31 − 14 = 17.

∴ The correct answer is 17.

Alternate Method

Given: Data set = {2.1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9.3, 11, 15, 17, 19.21, 27, 31, 31, 33, 16.5, 14, 10}

Formula Used:

1. Mode = Value with the highest frequency.
2. Median (if n is odd) = ((n + 1) ÷ 2)^th term of the sorted data.

Calculations:

⇒ Arrange in ascending order: 2.1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9.3, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16.5, 17, 19.21, 27, 31, 31, 33

⇒ Total number of observations (n) = 17

⇒ Median = ((17 + 1) ÷ 2)^th term = 9^th term

⇒ 9^th term = 14

⇒ In the data set, 31 occurs twice, which is the highest frequency.

⇒ Mode = 31

⇒ Required Difference = |Median − Mode|

⇒ Difference = 31 − 14 = 17

∴ The correct answer is 17.

Additional Information

Empirical Relationship

For a moderately skewed distribution, the relationship is: Mode = 3 × Median − 2 × Mean.

Median for Even observations

If n is even, Median = Average of (n ÷ 2)^th and ((n ÷ 2) + 1)^th terms.

Range of Data

Range = Maximum Value − Minimum Value. For this set, Range = 33 − 2.1 = 30.9.

The correct answer is Monaco.

• Among the given options Monaco had the highest population density in 2019.

Key Points

Important Points

• China, with a population of 1.44 billion, is the most populous country worldwide.
• In 2019, over 60% of its population resided in urban centres, a trend that has seen the portion of city dwellers double over the last 25 years.
• For context, 83% of the U.S. population lives in cities, while just 35% of India’s population dwells in urban areas.
• Together, China and India’s populations make up over 36% of the global total.

Additional Information 

• Most Populous Countries

• Least Populous Countries

Given: A _ _ B D _ C E B _ _ C E B _

By checking options and substituting accordingly.

1) CEADAD → A C E B D - A C E B D - A C E B D

• Here " A C E B D" is repeated.

2)  CDADEA → A C D B D - A C E B D - E C E B A

3)  CADADE → A C A B D - D C E B A - D C E B E

4)  CDAEAD → A C D B D - A C E B E - A C E B D

Hence, ‘CEADAD’ is the correct answer.

Given:

• There are eight persons-Manoj, Nitya, Varun, Pranay, Kali, Reva, Sarayu and Teena.
• All of them are sitting in a straight row and are facing North.

1. Reva is fourth from the extreme right end.

2. Kali is sitting second to the left of Reva.

3. Teena sits to the immediate right of Kali.

4. There are only two persons sitting between Reva and Pranay.

5. Manoj sits at one of the extreme ends of the row.

6. The number of persons sitting between Kali and Manoj is the same as the number of persons sitting between Pranay and Sarayu.

• In case -II only one person is sitting between Kali and Manoj. This is not possible for Pranay and Sarayu. Therefore, case II is eliminated.

7. Sarayu is sitting to the immediate left of Nitya.

8. Varun is not a neighbour of Sarayu.

Sarayu and Nitya are immediate neighbours but there is no place for Nitya in case - III so this case is wrong.

 

Hence, "six" persons are seated to the left of Nitya

The correct answer is Punjab.

Key Points

• Punjab, Haryana, Chandigarh, Delhi and Puducherry have no population of Scheduled tribes as per Census 2011.
• States and Union territories have a minimum ratio of Scheduled tribes, as per Census-2011:
• Uttar Pradesh (0.6%)
• Tamil Nadu (1.1%)
• Bihar (1.3%)
• Kerala (1.5%)
• Uttarakhand (2.9%)
• As per the census 2011, Mizoram has the highest proportion of Scheduled Tribes in its population.
• The Indian Census is the most credible source of information on Demography (Population characteristics), Economic Activity, Literacy and Education, Housing Household Amenities, Urbanisation, Fertility and Mortality, etc.
• Census 2011 was the 15th National Census of the Country.
• The slogan of census 2011 was ‘Our Census, Our future’.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Eight.

Key Points

• India won eight gold, five silver, and six bronze medals for a total haul of 19 in the junior category.
• The prize money for gold, silver, and bronze medallists were $4,000,$2,000, and $1,000, respectively, in the junior category.
• The youth boxers added a further six gold, nine silver, and five bronze medals.
• This is the first time that the continental event is jointly hosting both age groups.

Important Points

• ASBC stands for Asian Boxing Confederation that conducts Boxing championships at various levels.
• 2022 ASBC Asian Youth and Junior Boxing Championships were held in Amman, Jordan.

Given:

A can complete 12% of the work in 15% of the allotted time

Calculation:

Let the total time taken by them be 100 minutes

So, 15% of 100 minutes = 15 minutes

Now,

12% of work is completed in 15 minutes by A

4% of work is completed in 5 minutes by A

80% of work is completed in 100 minutes by A

If A can complete 80% in 100 minutes then, B will complete remaining portion i.e (100 - 80) = 20%

∴ 20% of the work was done by B.

The correct answer is 25.

Key Points

• The High Court is the supreme judicial body in a state.
• Every High Court comprises of a Chief Justice and other judges appointed by President.
• As of December 2021, there are 25 High Courts in India.
• The Calcutta High Court is one of the three High Courts in India established at the Presidency Towns by Letters patent granted by Her Majesty Queen Victoria, bearing the date June 26, 1862.
• Calcutta High Court is the oldest High Court in India.

Additional Information

• High Court 
• High Court is the highest judiciary court in an Indian State.
• The Chief Justice of the High Court is appointed by the President after the consultation with the Chief Justice of India and the Governor of the State concerned.
• Judges of the High Courts are appointed by the President.
• The oath of affirmation to the judges of the High Court is administered by the Governor of the State.
• A judge of the High court can resign his office by writing a letter to the President.
• The judges of the High court shall hold the office till he attained the age of 62 years.
• The Parliament can establish a common High Court for two or more states and Union Territories.
• Indian High Court Act was passed in 1861 during the period of Lord Canning.
• The institution of the High Court originated in India in 1862 when the three High Courts at Calcutta, Bombay, and Madras.
• Delhi is the only union Territory having a High Court.
• Calcutta High Court is the oldest High Court in India.
• Article 214 - High Court for each state.
• Article 226 - Empowers the high court to issue writs.
• The first Indian to become the Chief Justice of the High court - was P. B. Chakravarthi (Calcutta High Court).
• The first Indian to become the judge of the High court - was Sambhunath Pandit (Calcutta High Court).
• The first woman Chief Justice of the High court - was Leila Seth (Himachal Pradesh).
• The first woman to become a judge of the High court - was Anna Chandi (Kerala).

The correct answer is per capita income.

Key Points

• When we divide NNP by the total population of a nation we get the per capita income.
• Per Capita Income= NNP/ Total Population*.*

Important Points

• Net national product (NNP) is the gross national product (GNP), the total value of finished goods and services produced by a country's citizens overseas and domestically, minus depreciation.
• NNP is often examined on an annual basis as a way to measure a nation's success in continuing minimum production standards.
• It can be a useful method to keep track of an economy as it takes into account all its citizens, regardless of where they make their money, and acknowledges the fact that capital must be spent to keep production standards high.
• The NNP is expressed in the currency of the nation it represents. That means that in the United States the NNP is expressed in dollars (USD), while for the European Union (EU) member nations the NNP is expressed in euros (EUR).
• The NNP can be extrapolated from the GNP by subtracting the depreciation of any assets. The depreciation figure is determined by assessing the loss of the value of assets attributed to normal use and aging.
• The relationship between a nation's GNP and NNP is similar to the relationship between its gross domestic product (GDP) and net domestic product (NDP).

Given statements: K = P < C; P > Q; Q > L

On combining: L < Q < K = P < C

Conclusions:

I. Q < C → True (as L < Q < K = P < C gives Q < C).

II. K > L → True (as L < Q < K = P < C gives K > L).

Hence, the correct answer is “Both conclusions I and II are true”.

Given:

The average weight of 14 students of a class is 20 kg.

Concept used:

Average = Sum of elements/No. of elements

Calculation:

Total weight of 14 students = 14 × 20

⇒ 280 kg

After a student left the class total weight of the class = (20 - 2) × 13

⇒ 18 × 13 = 234 kg

So, the weight of the 14th student who left the class was = 280 - 234

⇒ 46 kg

∴ The weight of the student (in kg) who left the class is 46.

The correct answer is Hyderabad.

Key Points

• Union Minister of State Science and Technology Dr. Jitendra Singh inaugurated India’s first unique Rock Museum in Hyderabad.
• The Open Rock Museum has been set up with the aim to educate people about several lesser-known facts.
• It displays around 35 different types of rocks from different parts of India with ages ranging from 3.3 billion yrs to around 55 million years of the Earth’s history.

The correct answer is Thane.

Key Points

• India’s first rail run on Mumbai – Thane route in 1853.
• It was the first passenger train to run in India.
• It had three locomotives – Sahib, Sultan, and Sindh, and 14 carriages.
• A distance of 34 km was covered by the train.
• Based on the success of this rail, the launch of Eastern railway in 1854 and South railway in 1856.

The correct answer is Mining.

Key Points

• The primary sector of the economy includes any industry involved in the extraction and production of raw materials, such as farming, logging, hunting, fishing, and mining.
• When we produce a good by exploiting natural resources, it is an activity of the primary sector.
• Since most of the natural products we get are from agriculture, like dairy, fishing, forestry, this sector is also called agriculture and related sector. 
• Out of these, forestry, poultry farming, and animal husbandry come under the primary sector.
• The primary sector tends to make up a larger portion of the economy in developing countries than it does in developed countries.

Additional Information

• The main sectors of the economy are:
• Primary sector – extraction of raw materials – mining, fishing, and agriculture.
• Secondary/manufacturing sector – concerned with producing finished goods, e.g. Construction sector, manufacturing, and utilities, e.g. electricity.
• Quarrying and manufacturing are included in the secondary sector.
• Service / ‘tertiary’ sector –  concerned with offering intangible goods and services to consumers. This includes retail, tourism, banking, entertainment, and  I.T. services.
• Trade, transport, communication, banking, education, health, tourism, services, insurance, etc. are included in the tertiary sector.
• Quaternary sector (knowledge economy, education, research, and development).

Venn diagram:

Conclusions:

I. All machines are men → False (Because all men are robots and robots are machines so all men are also machines but not all machines are men)

II. Some robots are men → True (Because all men are robots so some robots are also men)

Hence, “Only conclusion II follows".

The correct answer is High-Yielding Varieties Programme.

Key Points

• HIGH YIELDING VARIETY PROGRAMME (HYVP):
• HIGH YIELDING VARIETY PROGRAMME (HYVP) was launched in 1966, which helped the country in attaining self-sufficiency in food.
• It launched in an objective to attain self-sufficiency in food by 1970-71.
• The HYVP was the responsibility of the state government for its implementation from its existing resources under the guidance and supervision of the central government.
• The aim of the programme was to increase the productivity of food grains by adopting the latest varieties of inputs of crops.
• This programme in the 4th five-year plan was a major breakthrough and a turning point in the history of agriculture development in India.

Shortcut Trick

Product of the numbers (xy) = [(Sum)² − (Sum of squares)] ÷ 2

xy = (17² − 157) ÷ 2 = (289 − 157) ÷ 2 = 66.

Find two numbers whose product is 66 and sum is 17: the numbers are 11 and 6.

Sum of cubes = 11³ + 6³ = 1331 + 216 = 1547.

∴ The correct answer is 1547.

Alternate Method

Given:

Sum of two numbers (x + y) = 17

Sum of their squares (x² + y²) = 157

Formula Used:

1. (x + y)² = x² + y² + 2xy

2. x³ + y³ = (x + y)(x² + y² − xy)

Sum (x+y) = 17

x² + y² = 157

xy = 66

Required: x³ + y³ = (x + y)(x² + y² − xy) 17 × (157 − 66) = 17 × 91 Final Value = 1547

Calculations:

⇒ (x + y)² = x² + y² + 2xy

⇒ 17² = 157 + 2xy

⇒ 289 − 157 = 2xy

⇒ 132 = 2xy

⇒ xy = 66

⇒ x³ + y³ = (x + y)(x² + y² − xy)

⇒ x³ + y³ = 17 × (157 − 66)

⇒ x³ + y³ = 17 × 91

⇒ x³ + y³ = 1547

∴ The correct answer is 1547.

Additional Information

Sum of Cubes Identity

x³ + y³ = (x + y)³ − 3xy(x + y) is another way to calculate the sum of cubes if the product and sum are known.

Difference of Cubes Identity

x³ − y³ = (x − y)(x² + xy + y²) = (x − y)³ + 3xy(x − y).

Relationship between Squares and Product

(x + y)² − (x − y)² = 4xy. This connects the sum, difference, and product of two numbers.

Given:

The area of a rectangle is 453.6 m2

Length = 27 m

Concept used:

Area of a rectangle = (l × b)

Perimeter of a rectangle = 2(l + b)

Here l = length, b = breadth 

Calculation:

Let breadth be b

According to the question,

(27 × b) = 453.6

⇒ 27b = 453.6

⇒ b = 453.6/27

⇒ b = 16.8

So, breadth = 16.8 m

Now,

Perimeter = 2(27 + 16.8) m

⇒ 2 × 43.8 m

⇒ 87.6 m

∴ The perimeter of the rectangle is 87.6 m.

Drawing the diagram according to the given information,

1. Ramdin started from his office and walked 15 km in the south direction and reached the bus stop.
2. Then turned to his left and walked 8 km straight on the road.
3. Thne turned to his left, walked 15 km and reached the Central Library.
4. After this, he turned to his left again and walked 4 km to reach his hostel.

Hence, the hostel is "4 km towards East" with respect to his office.

Given:

Given set of numbers:

0.82, 0.802, 0.85, 0.085

0.3, 0.03, 0.203, 2.03

Calculation:

Hence,

The greatest among the numbers 0.82, 0.802, 0.85, 0.085 = 0.85

The smallest among the numbers 0.3, 0.03, 0.203, 2.03 = 0.03

Thus, their product = 0.85 × 0.03 = 0.0255

∴ The product of the greatest among the numbers 0.82, 0.802, 0.85, 0.085 with the smallest among the numbers 0.3, 0.03, 0.203, 2.03 is 0.0255.

The correct answer is Ropar.

Key Points

• Harappan Civilization is also referred to as the “Indus Valley Civilization”.
• It was part of the Bronze age (and the beginning of the Iron age too) and flourished between 3300–1300 BCE.
• It is one of the largest Ancient Civilizations known today.
• It was widespread as it covered parts of India, Pakistan and Afghanistan
• Harappa and Mohenjo Daro, the two major sites of this civilization – are among the earliest and finest examples of urban civic planning.
• They had a well-planned network of roads, houses and drainage systems indicating the planning and engineering skills that developed during those times.
• The civilization was discovered in 1921 at Harappa in the Punjab region and Mohenjodaro was discovered in 1922, near the Indus River in the Sindh (Sind) region and both sites are located in present-day Pakistan.

Important Points

• Ropar is an Indus Valley settlement located on the banks of the Sutlej River.
• Recent excavations at Ropar(Rupnagar) have demonstrated that this town was the centre of a well-developed Indus Valley Civilization.
• Ropar is the location of the earliest Indus Valley excavations in independent India and is located in Punjab.
• Ropar:
• Y D. Sharma discovered Ropar in 1953.
• A new form of ceramics and ornaments has been discovered.
• Characteristic Harappan pottery cert blades, beads, faience decorations, brus Celts, terracotta calies, and an engraved seal with typical information pictographs were discovered.
• The region is a shadily inhabited area known for being one of the key Indus Valley Civilization excavation sites.
• The Ropar excavations have provided a thorough understanding of the Indus Valley civilisation and the Harappa Culture.
• Archaeologists estimate that Harappans lived at Ropar until around 2,000 BC.
• We discovered faience and shell bangles, agate beads, copper reads, and other items in the graves.
• There is an indication of burying the dog beneath the human grave.
• A copper axe was discovered.
• Stones and mud were used to build dwellings.
• Banawali is an Indus Valley Civilization era archaeological site in Fatehabad district, Haryana, India, northeast of Kalibangan and Fatehabad.
• Banawali, formerly known as Vanavali, is located on the left bank of the dried-up Saraswati River.

Shortcut Trick

Simple interest remains constant for every year.

SI for 5 years = A₁₀ − A₅ = 12600 − 9800 = ₹2800

Principal (P) = A₅ − SI for 5 years = 9800 − 2800 = ₹7000

SI for 1 year = 2800 ÷ 5 = ₹560

Rate % = (SI for 1 year ÷ P) × 100 = (560 ÷ 7000) × 100 = 8%

∴ The correct answer is 8%.

Alternate Method

Given:

Amount after 5 years (A₅) = ₹9800

Amount after 10 years (A₁₀) = ₹12600

Formula Used:

Amount = Principal + Simple Interest

Simple Interest (I) = (P × R × T) ÷ 100

0 Years 5 Years 10 Years

P ₹9800 ₹12600

• ₹2800 (SI for 5 yrs)

• ₹2800 (SI for 5 yrs)

P = ₹9800 − ₹2800 = ₹7000

Calculations:

⇒ Simple Interest for 5 years = Amount after 10 years − Amount after 5 years

⇒ SI for 5 years = 12600 − 9800 = ₹2800

⇒ Simple Interest for 1 year = 2800 ÷ 5 = ₹560

⇒ Principal (P) = Amount after 5 years − SI for 5 years

⇒ P = 9800 − 2800 = ₹7000

Now, substitute the values in the SI formula for 1 year:

⇒ 560 = (7000 × R × 1) ÷ 100

⇒ 560 = 70 × R

⇒ R = 560 ÷ 70 = 8

∴ The correct answer is 8%.

Additional Information

Simple Interest vs Compound Interest

Simple Interest is calculated only on the principal amount, hence it remains constant every year. Compound Interest is calculated on the principal plus the accumulated interest of previous periods.

Difference Between CI and SI for 2 Years

The difference between compound interest and simple interest for exactly 2 years at rate R% is given by the formula: D = P × (R ÷ 100)².

Amount Formula for SI

The total amount A accumulated after time T at rate R is calculated directly as: A = P(1 + (R × T) ÷ 100).

The logic followed here is:

(1^st number) × (1^st number - 1) = 2^nd number.

Now, follow the logic:

Option (1): 21 ∶ 420

=> 21 × (21 - 1) = 21 × 20 = 420 = 1st number.

Option (2): 25 ∶ 600

=> 25 × (25 - 1) = 25 × 24 = 600 = 1st number.

Option (3): 17 ∶ 272

=> 17 × (17 - 1) = 17 × 16 = 272 = 1st number.

Option (4): 15 ∶ 208

=> 15 × (15 - 1) = 15 × 14 = 210 ≠ 208

This option does not follow the pattern.

Hence, the pair “15 ∶ 208” is an odd one.

Given:

Row 1: A, B, C, D and E facing the North.

Row 2: V, W, X, Y and Z facing the South.

1. Neither A nor B sit at any of the extreme ends of the row. A sits second to the right of B.

2. The one who faces B is an immediate neighbour of Z.

3. Y sits second to the left of Z.

 

4. The one who faces Y sits second to the left of C.

Case II is not possible.

5. W sits second to the right of V.

6. D is not an immediate neighbour of A.

7. Final sitting arrangement is:

Hence, "Y" faces E.

Given:

1. Four students ranked between Rahul and Sreeja. Sreeja ranked 14th from the top while Rahul ranked 7th from the bottom.

2. Total number of students

=> Total number students = Sreeja's rank from top + Rahul's rank from bottom + students between Rahul and Sreeja

=> Total number students = 14 + 7 + 4 = 25

Hence, there are “25” students in the class.

The correct answer is Air-to-Air Missile.

Key Points

• The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), successfully test-fired the 5th generation Python-5 missile from Tejas aircraft, at Goa.
• The Python-5 missile is an Air-to-Air missile (AAM).
• The operational range of the Python-5 missiles is more than 20 KM.

Important Points 

• Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO):
• Founded: 1958
• Headquarters: DRDO Bhavan, New Delhi
• Motto: "Balasya Mulam Vigyanam"
• Comes under the Ministry of Defence
• Chairman: Samir V Kamat
• DRDO Day: 1 January.

The correct answer is Narmada.

Key Points

• The Sardar Sarovar Dam is a concrete gravity dam located in the Narmada district in Gujarat.
• On the Narmada river, the Sardar Sarovar dam is being constructed.
• The Sardar Sarovar dam provides water and energy to Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Rajasthan.
• The foundation stone of the project was laid out by Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru on 5 April 1961.
• Prime Minister Narendra Modi dedicated the dam to the nation in 2017.

Important Points 

• Narmada is the largest west-flowing peninsular river in India.
• Narmada is also known as the 'lifeline of Madhya Pradesh'.
• Between the Vindhya and Satpura ranges, it flows through a rift valley.
• Kanha National Park is located on the banks of the Narmada River.

Additional Information

• The Ganges is the national river of India.
• The river Ganga is known as the Padma in Bangladesh.
• The Brahmaputra originates from the Chemayundung glacier near Manasarover lake in Tibet.
• The Brahmaputra is known as Dihang in Arunachal Pradesh.
• The Brahmaputra River enters India west of Sadiya, Arunachal Pradesh.
• The Brahmaputra is the Indian River with the greatest volume of water.
• The river Sutlej, on which the Bhakra Dam has been built, originates from Rakas lake in Tibet.
• The Godavari is India's second-longest river after the Ganga.

​ Major Dams in India:

Given:

Sunita won $\frac{3}{5}$ of the marbles that were there in the beginning of the game.

Ravi won $\frac{2}{3}$ of the remaining marbles while Sunny won the remaining 60 marbles.

Calculation:

Let there be 150Q marbles at the beginning of the game.

Hence,

Sunita won = 150Q × 3/5 = 90Q

Ravi won = (150Q - 90Q) × 2/3 = 40Q

According to the question,

90Q + 40Q + 60 = 150Q

⇒ 20Q = 60

⇒ Q = 3

⇒ 90Q = 90 × 3

⇒ 90Q = 270

∴ Sunita win 270 marbles.

The table is alphabets place value:

The pattern followed here is:

Alphabets arranged in descending order

BYTEW is related to YWTEB

<br>

And,

AMFQC is related to QMFCA

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Similarly,

TILDW related to

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Hence, 'TILDW' is coded as "WTLID".

The correct answer is Annie Besant.

• Annie Besant was an British activist, a campaigner for women's rights and a supporter of Indian nationalism

Key Points

• Annie Besant:
• ​​She was connected to the Home Rule Movement in India.
• Annie Besant launched the All India Home Rule League in 1916 along with Bal Gangadhar Tilak.
• Annie Besant was an ardent supporter of Irish self-rule.
• Annie Besant fought for the freedom of thought, secularism, women’s rights, and various social issues.
• Annie Besant  converted to Theosophy after meeting Helena Blavatsky in 1889.
• She came to India for the first time in 1893 as part of the Theosophical Society.
• Annie Besant was the society’s president from 1907 to 1933.
• Annie Besant set up the Central Hindu College (CHC) at Benares in 1898.
• She also joined the Indian National Congress (INC).
• She also became the Congress President in 1917.

Additional Information

• Florence Nightingale:
• She was a British nurse, statistician, and social reformer who was the foundational philosopher of modern nursing.
• She was the first woman awarded the Order of Merit (1907).
• International Nurses Day, observed annually on May 12, commemorates her birth and celebrates the important role of nurses in health care.

The correct answer is Cochin.

Key Points

• Cochin Port
• Cochin Port or Kochi Port is a major port on the Arabian Sea - Laccadive Sea – Indian Ocean sea-route
• The port lies on two islands in the Lake of Kochi: Willingdon Island and Vallarpadam, towards the Fort Kochi river mouth opening onto the Laccadive Sea.

Important Points

• Paradip Port
• Paradip Port is a natural, deep-water port on the East coast of India in the Jagatsinghpur district of Odisha.
• It is situated at the confluence of the Mahanadi river and the Bay of Bengal.
• Mangalore Port
• New Mangalore Port is a deep-water, all-weather port at Panambur, Mangalore in Karnataka state in India.
• It is the deepest inner harbour on the west coast.
• Calicut port is in Kerala.

Additional Information

Major Ports of India

• Kandla Western coast Gujarat
• Paradip Eastern Coast Odisha
• JNPT Western coast Maharashtra
• Mumbai Western coast Maharashtra
• VisakhapatnamEastern Coast Andhra Pradesh
• Chennai Eastern coast Tamil Nadu
• Kolkata Eastern coast West Bengal
• Mangalore western coast Karnataka
• Tuticorin Eastern coast Tamil Nadu
• Mormugao Western coast Goa
• Kochi western coast Kerala
• Krishnapatnam port Eastern Coast Andhra Pradesh
• Ennore Eastern Coast Tamil Nadu

Given:

A family spends Rs. 4,600, Rs. 5,600, Rs. 4,800, Rs. 3,800, and Rs. 6,000 on groceries in the first 5 months of a year.

Average expenditure to be maintained throughout 6 months = Rs. 4500

Concept used:

Total = Average × Number of entities

Calculation:

Total expenture on groceries as of 5th month = Rs. (4,600 + 5,600 + 4,800 + 3,800 + 6,000) = Rs. 24,800

Total expenditure has to be maintained according to the average = Rs. (4500 × 6) = Rs. 27000

Hence, the expenditure on groceries in the 6th month = Rs. (27000 - 24800) = Rs. 2200

∴ The family should spend Rs. 2,200 in the 6th month to make the 6 months average spending of the family on groceries to Rs. 4,500.

Shortcut Trick

Ratio of multipliers: Correct : Incorrect = 2.4 : 4.2 = 4 : 7.

Since the original number is the same, the products are proportional to the multipliers.

7 units (Incorrect product) = 65.1

1 unit = 65.1 ÷ 7 = 9.3

4 units (Correct product) = 4 × 9.3 = 37.20

∴ The correct answer is 37.20.

Alternate Method

Given: Incorrect multiplier = 4.2, Incorrect product = 65.1, Correct multiplier = 2.4.

Formula Used: Correct Product = (Incorrect Product ÷ Incorrect Multiplier) × Correct Multiplier

⇒ Let the original number that Arushi intended to multiply be x.

⇒ According to the wrong calculation: 4.2 × x = 65.1

⇒ x = 65.1 ÷ 4.2

⇒ x = 651 ÷ 42 = 15.5

⇒ The correct product should have been: 2.4 × x

⇒ Correct Product = 2.4 × 15.5

⇒ Correct Product = 37.20

∴ The correct answer is 37.20.

Additional Information

Proportionality in Multiplication

If a constant number is multiplied by different factors, the products are directly proportional to those factors: P₁/M₁ = P₂/M₂.

Percentage Error

Percentage error can be calculated using |Experimental Value − Theoretical Value| ÷ Theoretical Value × 100.

Decimal Multiplication Shortcut

When dividing or multiplying decimals, multiply by powers of 10 to convert them into whole numbers for easier calculation.

The correct answer is Sterilisation.

• The intervention by the monetary authority of a country in the money market to keep the money supply stable against external shocks is called Sterilisation.

Key Points

• Sterilisation refers to the process by which the RBI takes away money from the banking system to neutralise the fresh money that enters the system.
• Suppose the RBI decides to buy US dollars (USD) from the market. Now, the money held by the RBI does not form part of the banking system.
• So, if the RBI releases rupees from its coffers to buy dollars, the money supply in the banking system increases.
• That can be a problem.
• If the volume of goods and services produced in the economy remains unchanged, the extra money will lead to an increase in the prices of all commodities.
• More money in the banking system means higher bond prices because banks will have more money, and they will buy more bonds.
• And that will push up bond prices. Since bonds carry an inverse price-yield relationship, higher bond prices mean lower yields.
• The problem is that lower yields will force the RBI to cut interest rates further.

Additional Information

• The ratio of money held by the public in currency to that they hold in bank deposits is the Currency Deposit Ratio (CDR). 
• ​This reflects liquidity in the system.
• The proportion of the total deposits commercial banks keeps as reserves are the Reserve Ratio.
• It includes:

The pattern followed here is:

Hence, '116' is the correct answer.