RRB Group D Previous Year Paper (Held on: 22 Sept 2022 Shift 1)

Given:

 $345.08 + 56.02 + 44.44 × 2.2 - 12.22.$

Formula used:

BODMAS rule,

Calculation:

\(345.08+56.02+44.44×2.2-12.22\= 345.08+56.02+97.768-12.22\=498.868-12.22\=486.648\)

Hence the value of the expression is 486.648.

Given:

Statements:

All pens are pencils.

No pencil is a cutter.

All cutters are rubbers.

Venn Diagram:

Conclusions:

1. All rubbers are pencils. → False (As there is no direct relationship between rubber and pencil so we can not say anything in a definite sense about their relation.)
2. No pen is a cutter. → True  (As all pens are pencils that's why the pen is contained in a pencil and we have no pencil is a cutter. So no pen is a cutter is true.)

Hence, the correct answer is Only conclusion 2 follows.

The correct answer is ten degree. 

Key Point

• Ten degree is a channel that separates the Andaman Islands and Nicobar Islands from each other in Bay of Bengal.
• The two sets of Islands together form the Indian Union Territory (UT) and Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
• This channel is 150 km wide from north to south and approximately 10 km long from east to west.
• It has minimum depth of 7.3 m and lies from east to west on the 10 degree line of latitude north of the equator.

The correct answer is Mumbai.

Key Points

• State Bank of India (SBI) is an Indian multinational public sector bank and financial body headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra.

• SBI is the 49th largest bank in the world by total assets.

• It ranked 221st in the Fortune Global 500 list of the world's biggest corporations of 2020.

Additional Information

• The roots of the State Bank of India lie in the first decade of the 19th century when the Bank of Calcutta later renamed the bank of Bengal, was established on 2 June 1806.
• SBI has 16 regional hubs and 57 zonal offices that are located at important cities throughout India.

Given:

Five laptop boxes marked with Z, X, W, V, and U are kept one above the other​​​

• ​U is kept third from the top.​

​​

• ​W is neither the topmost nor the bottom-most box.

• W is kept immediately above V.​​

• Z is kept immediately below X.

​​

From the above arrangement, Box U is kept ​​Immediately below  Z**.**

​The correct answer is 'U'.

The correct answer is option 1.

Key Points

• Dobereiner stated in his law of triads that the arithmetic mean of the atomic masses of the first and third element in a triad would be approximately equal to the atomic mass of the second element in that triad.
• He also suggested that this law could be extended for other quantifiable properties of elements, such as density.
• Statement in  option 1 actually contradict the statement of Dobereiner law hence it is not correct about Dobereiner law.

Additional Information

• If three elements are arranged in the decreasing sequence of atomic masses, then atomic mass of the Second Element is approximately the average of the atomic masses of the other two elements.
• Cl, Br and I constitute Dobereiner’s triads. ​​
• ​the atomic mass of Br will be average of the atomic masses of CI & I.
• mass of Cl + mass of I = (35.5+127)/2​ = 81.25 = mass of Br
• Li, Na and K constitute Dobereiner’s triads. ​
• ​the atomic mass of Na will be average of the atomic masses of Li & K.
• mass of Li + mass of K = (7+ 39)/2= 23 = mass of Na
• If three elements are arranged in the increasing sequence of atomic masses, then atomic mass of the middle element is approximately the average of the atomic masses of the other two elements.

The correct answer is Ministry of AYUSH.

Key Points

• ICMR and CCRAS, Ministry of Ayush collaborated to create CTRI's Ayurveda Dataset.
• The WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) uses CTRI as its principal register of clinical trials (WHO).
• The ability to choose an Ayurveda health condition from a list of 3866 Ayurveda morbidity codes is a vital function of this digital platform.
• The NAMASTE portal's codes have been included (developed by AYUSH Ministry).
• The Indian registry for clinical trials of Ayurveda will make the information and outcomes of these studies available in Ayurvedic language.

Given:

• Potential Difference = V =240
• Power of each Bulb = P = 10 W
• Current = I = 8 A

Formula Used: 

• Power Formula P=I²R
• Ohm's law V=IR

Solution :

Let the number of bulb be n

The resistance of each bulb can be calculated using the expression,

$P = {V^2 \over R}$

$R = {V^2 \over P}$

Substituting the values, we get

$R= {(240)^2\over 10}$

 = $5760 Ω$

The Resistance of each bulb is 5760 

The flow of 8 A current is , we need to find the equivalent resistance of the circuit,

According to Ohm’s law,

V = I R

$I = {V \over R1}$

 = $240\over8$

$R1 = 30 Ω$

we know that, 

in parallel combination

equivalence resistance (Re) is given by ,

${1\over R} = {1\over R1}+ {1\over R2}+ {1\over R3}+....n$

$n = {R \over R1}$

$n={5760\over 30}$=192

therefore, 192 Bulbs can be connected in parallel.

The correct answer is '192'.

The correct answer is Burnt Lime

Key Points

• When calcium carbonate is heated, it decomposes to form calcium oxide and carbon dioxide
• Calcium carbonate reacts to form Calcium oxide, a white solid commonly known as lime, when it decomposes at temperatures above 840°C.
• Calcium oxide (CaO), commonly known as burnt lime or quicklime.
• Carbon dioxide is released as a gas when calcium carbonate decomposes, playing a key role in the process.
• This process is called thermal decomposition or calcining. It's reversible, but above 1200 K, the opposite reaction occurs.

Additional Information

• Limestone
• It is a carbonate sedimentary rock that's made up of calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of calcium carbonate.
• Calcium carbonate is also known as limestone, chalk, or marble.
• It's a white, fluffy powder that's insoluble in water.
• It is used in the building industry as a raw material for cement and in the production of lime (calcium oxide).

Given word:

ABSENT 

There is only one pair in alphabetical order,

Hence, the correct answer is 'One'.

Given:

• Pinto went 12 km to the south from his house
• then he turned east and covered 8 km
• then he turned north and covered 6 km
• Finally tuning to the west, he covered 13 km.

​Now, according to the given information direction and distance diagram is shown below:

Now, finally Pinto is in the South-west direction from his house**.**

Hence, the correct answer is 'South-west'.

The correct order of words as they would appear in an English dictionary when reversed:

1. KALM (MLAK) 2. LOST (TSOL) 3. SHAW (WAHS) 4. TALK (KLAT) 5. WALK (KLAW)

Thus, the order is: KLAT, KLAW, MALK, TSOL, WAHS

Thus, KALM will come in the middle position.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

Given:

• Five people, Zunaid, Riya, Hema, Indu, and Jagan are sitting around a circular table facing the center.

• Zunaid is sitting second to the left of Indu.

• Hema is sitting second to the right of Riya.

Case I:

Case II:

• Jagan is not an immediate neighbour of Zunaid.

So, Indu is sitting third right to Riya.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Indu'.

The correct answer is Either a concave mirror or a convex lens

Key Points

• Concave Mirror:
• A concave mirror is a mirror with an inward-curved reflective surface.
• When a point source of light is placed at the focal point of a concave mirror, the reflected rays will travel parallel to the principal axis.
• This happens because the rays coming from the point source at the focal point reflect off the mirror in such a way that they become parallel after reflection.
• So, the concave mirror is able to produce a parallel beam of light when the point source is at its focal point.
• Convex Lens:
• A convex lens is a lens that is thicker in the middle than at the edges.
• If a point source of light is placed at the focal point of a convex lens, the rays passing through the lens will diverge after passing through, but they can be treated as parallel rays on the other side of the lens.
• The reason is that the convex lens causes light rays to bend inward (converge) when they pass through it. If the light source is at the focal point, the rays emerging from the lens will be parallel to each other and to the principal axis.
• Therefore, a convex lens can also produce a parallel beam of light when the point source is at the focal point.

The correct answer is 65

Key Points

• According to the Constitution of India, a Supreme Court judge can hold office until they reach the age of 65.
• The Constitution also states that a Supreme Court judge can be removed from office by the President if:
• There is an address from each House of Parliament
• The address is supported by a majority of the total membership of that House
• The address is supported by a majority of at least two-thirds of the members present and voting
• The address is presented to the President in the same Session
• The ground for removal is proved misbehavior or incapacity

Shortcut Trick

Apply the algebraic identity: a² − b² = (a + b)(a − b).

Here, a = 731 and b = 269.

Sum (a + b) = 731 + 269 = 1000.

Difference (a − b) = 731 − 269 = 462.

Product = 1000 × 462 = 462000.

∴ The correct answer is 462000.

Alternate Method

Given:

Expression: (731)² − (269)²

Formula Used:

The difference of squares formula: a² − b² = (a + b)(a − b)

Calculations:

⇒ (731)² − (269)²

⇒ (731 + 269) × (731 − 269)

⇒ (1000) × (462)

⇒ 462000

∴ The correct answer is 462000.

Additional Information

Difference of Squares

The identity a² − b² = (a + b)(a − b) is one of the most efficient ways to solve problems involving the subtraction of two squares, avoiding large multiplications.

Square of a Sum

The expansion of (a + b)² = a² + 2ab + b² is used for squaring sums.

Square of a Difference

The expansion of (a − b)² = a² − 2ab + b² is used for squaring differences.

The correct answer is It is a straight line with slope +1/f, and +f is the x-intercept and -1 is the y-intercept..

Key Points

• The magnification (m) of a concave mirror is given by the formula $m=\frac{v}{u}$ ,where v is the image distance and u is the object distance.
• Using the mirror formula $\frac{1}{f}=\frac{1}{u}+\frac{1}{v}$f=1u+1v1f=1u+1v , we can derive the relationship between magnification and object distance.
• Rearranging the magnification formula, we get $v=mu$
• Substituting into the mirror formula, we get $\frac{1}{f}=\frac{1}{u}+\frac{1}{mu}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{m}=\frac{u}{f}-1$.
• The question has asked for a graph between u and $\frac{1}{m}$. Comparing with the equation of straight line: $y=mx+c$
• It is a straight line with slope +1/f, and +f is the x-intercept and -1 is the y-intercept.

Additional Information

• Mirror Formula:
• The mirror formula is given by $\frac{1}{f}=\frac{1}{u}+\frac{1}{v}$, where f is the focal length, u is the object distance, and v is the image distance.
• This formula is applicable for both concave and convex mirrors, but the sign conventions differ.
• Magnification:
• Magnification (m) is defined as the ratio of the height of the image to the height of the object.
• For mirrors, magnification can also be expressed as the ratio of the image distance (v) to the object distance (u), i.e., m=vum=vum=vu .
• A positive magnification indicates an upright image, while a negative magnification indicates an inverted image.
• Graph of Magnification vs. Object Distance:
• When plotting magnification (m) against object distance (u), the slope of the line represents the reciprocal of the focal length (1/f).
• The x-intercept (object distance where magnification is zero) corresponds to the focal length (f).
• The y-intercept (magnification when object distance is infinite) is -1.

Given:

• Mohita starts walking from point O.
• She covered a distance of 30 m in west direction.
• She then turns left and cover a distance of 15 m.
• Then took a left turn and travel a distance of 10 m.
• Finally, she tooks left and cover a distance of 15 m.​

Drawing direction and distance diagram according to the given information,

From the above diagram, Mohita is 20 m far and in the west direction from the starting point O.

Hence, the correct answer is '20 m, West'.

The pattern followed here is,

Hence, "350" is the correct answer.

The correct answer is 2004.

Key Points

• The 92nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2003, which was published in the Gazette of India on January 8th, 2004, added Bodo, Dogri, Maithili, and Santhali to the list of languages included in the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution of India.
• The Constitution was initially translated into 14 different languages back in 2004.
• There are now 22 languages included.

Additional Information

• Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Kashmiri, Konkani, Malayalam, Manipuri, Marathi, Nepali, Oriya, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu, Urdu, Bodo, Santhali, Maithili, and Dogri are only some of the 22 languages in this group.
• In 1967, support for Sindhi was implemented.
• As of 1992, support was added for Konkani, Manipuri, and Nepali.
• An additional four languages, Bodo, Dogri, Maithili, and Santhali, were included in 2004.

Shortcut Trick For moderately skewed data, use the Empirical Relation: Mode = 3 Median − 2 Mean. Mode = 3(216.6) − 2(222.4) Mode = 649.8 − 444.8 = 205. ∴ The correct answer is 205.

Alternate Method Given: Mean = 222.4 Median = 216.6 Formula Used: Empirical Formula: Mode = 3 × Median − 2 × Mean

Calculations: ⇒ Mode = 3 × 216.6 − 2 × 222.4 ⇒ Mode = 649.8 − 444.8 ⇒ Mode = 205 ∴ The correct answer is 205.

Additional Information Symmetrical Distribution In a perfectly symmetrical distribution, the Mean, Median, and Mode are all equal (Mean = Median = Mode). Karl Pearson's Coefficient of Skewness Skewness can be calculated as: Sk = (Mean − Mode) ÷ Standard Deviation or Sk = 3(Mean − Median) ÷ Standard Deviation. Types of Skewness Positive Skew: Mean > Median > Mode. Negative Skew: Mean < Median < Mode.

Shortcut Trick

Volume of a cube is proportional to the cube of its side length (V ∝ a³).

If the side is increased by n times, the volume increases by n³ times.

Given side becomes 3 times → Volume becomes 3³ times.

3³ = 3 × 3 × 3 = 27.

∴ The correct answer is 27 times.

Alternate Method

Given:

Initial side of the cube = a

New side of the cube = 3a

Formula Used:

Volume of a cube (V) = (Side)³

Calculations:

⇒ Initial Volume (V₁) = a³

⇒ New Volume (V₂) = (3a)³

⇒ V₂ = 3 × 3 × 3 × a³

⇒ V₂ = 27a³

⇒ Ratio of volumes = V₂ / V₁ = 27a³ / a³ = 27

∴ The correct answer is 27 times.

Additional Information

Surface Area Change

Total Surface Area = 6a². If side becomes n times, Surface Area becomes n² times (here 3² = 9 times).

Diagonal of Cube

The longest diagonal of a cube is given by the formula d = a√3.

Volume of Cuboid

For a cuboid with dimensions L, B, and H, Volume = L × B × H.

Shortcut Trick

Net discount for two successive discounts a% and b% is calculated as (a + b − ab ÷ 100)%.

Here, a = 10% and b = 12%.

Net discount = 10 + 12 − (10 × 12) ÷ 100 = 22 − 1.2 = 20.8%.

∴ The correct answer is 20.8%.

Alternate Method

Given → First Discount = 10%, Second Discount = 12%. Formulas: Net Discount = [1 − (1 − d₁÷100) × (1 − d₂÷100)] × 100.

⇒ Let the Marked Price (MP) be 100. ⇒ After 10% discount, Price = 100 − 10 = 90. ⇒ After 12% discount on 90, Price = 90 − (12% of 90) = 90 − 10.8 = 79.2. ⇒ Total Discount = 100 − 79.2 = 20.8. ⇒ Net Discount% = (20.8 ÷ 100) × 100 = 20.8%.

∴ The correct answer is 20.8%.

Additional Information

Successive Discounts

When multiple discounts are applied one after another, the base for the subsequent discount is the value obtained after the previous discount.

Marked Price & Selling Price

Selling Price = Marked Price × (100 − d₁)% × (100 − d₂)%.

The correct answer is 'Virus'.

Key Points

• Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a chronic, potentially life-threatening condition caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). By damaging your immune system, HIV interferes with your body's ability to fight infection and disease.
• HIV is a sexually transmitted infection (STI). It can also be spread by contact with infected blood and from illicit injection drug use or sharing needles. It can also be spread from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth or breastfeeding. Without medication, it may take years before HIV weakens your immune system to the point that you have AIDS.
• There's no cure for HIV/AIDS, but medications can control the infection and prevent progression of the disease. Antiviral treatments for HIV have reduced AIDS deaths around the world, and international organizations are working to increase the availability of prevention measures and treatment in resource-poor countries.
• Alternative Names - HIV infection Infection - HIV; Human immunodeficiency virus; Acquired immune deficiency syndrome: HIV-1.

Additional Information

• Fungus:
• Numerous harmful fungus are parasitic on people and have been linked to both human and animal diseases.
• Parasitic fungus most frequently enter the human body through an epidermal wound (skin).
• Examples of fungal diseases: Ringworm, Athlete's feet, Candida infection, Vaginal Candidiasis, etc.
• Myobacterium:
• In the phylum Actinomycetota, the genus Mycobacterium has more than 190 species, each belonging to the Mycobacteriaceae family.
• This genus contains pathogens that are known to cause significant illnesses in mammals.
• Examples: Leprosy (M. leprae) in humans and Tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) in humans.
• Bacterium:
• The term harmful bacteria refers to bacteria that make people sick.
• Bacterial infections are contagious diseases and pass from one person to another.
• Examples: Diptheria, Cholera, Leprosy, etc.

Decoding the information,

The sign "÷" and "-" are interchanged.

Given:

$18 - 6 + 14 × 10 ÷ 5$

After replacing the signs and using the BODMAS rule,

$18 ÷ 6 + 14 × 10- 5\ =3+14 × 10- 5\ =3+140-5\ =143-5\ =138$

Hence, the correct answer is '138'.

The position of letters according to the the English alphabet series is,

The pattern followed here is,

LINE : MHOD

And,

GOAT : HNBS

Similarly,

PAIR : QZJQ

Hence, the pair "PAIR : QZJQ" follows the same logic.

Shortcut Trick

For two numbers a and b, the third proportional is given by the formula b²/a.

Here a = 60 and b = 90.

Third proportional = (90 × 90) ÷ 60

Third proportional = 8100 ÷ 60 = 135.

∴ The correct answer is 135.

Alternate Method

Given: First number (a) = 60, Second number (b) = 90.

Formula Used: If x is the third proportional to a and b, then a : b :: b : x.

⇒ 60 ÷ 90 = 90 ÷ x

⇒ 60 × x = 90 × 90

⇒ 60x = 8100

⇒ x = 8100 ÷ 60

⇒ x = 135

∴ The correct answer is 135.

Additional Information

Mean Proportional

The mean proportional between two numbers a and b is √(a × b).

Fourth Proportional

If a : b :: c : d, then d is the fourth proportional, calculated as d = (b × c) ÷ a.

Continued Proportion

Three numbers a, b, c are in continued proportion if a/b = b/c, which implies b² = ac.

Shortcut Trick

Put A = 45° to check the expression value (this results in 0/0, so avoid it).

Put A = 30°: tan 30° = 1/√3 and cot 30° = √3.

Value = [(1/√3)/(1−√3)] + [√3/(1−1/√3)] = [1/(√3−3)] + [3/(√3−1)].

Solving this gives (2/√3) + 1, which is sec 30° cosec 30° + 1 = (2/√3 × 2) + 1 is not it. Let's use sec A cosec A + 1 = (2/√3 × 2) + 1 = 4/√3 + 1.

∴ The correct answer is sec A cosec A + 1.

Alternate Method

Given: Expression = [tan A / (1 − cot A)] + [cot A / (1 − tan A)]

Formula Used: tan A = sin A / cos A; cot A = cos A / sin A; a³ − b³ = (a − b)(a² + ab + b²)

⇒ Expression = [tan A / (1 − 1/tan A)] + [cot A / (1 − tan A)]

⇒ Expression = [tan² A / (tan A − 1)] − [cot A / (tan A − 1)]

⇒ Expression = [tan² A / (tan A − 1)] − [1 / (tan A(tan A − 1))]

⇒ Expression = (tan³ A − 1) / [tan A (tan A − 1)]

⇒ Expression = [(tan A − 1)(tan² A + tan A + 1)] / [tan A (tan A − 1)]

⇒ Expression = (tan² A + tan A + 1) / tan A = tan A + 1 + cot A

⇒ Expression = (sin A / cos A) + (cos A / sin A) + 1 = (sin² A + cos² A) / (sin A cos A) + 1

⇒ Expression = 1 / (sin A cos A) + 1 = sec A cosec A + 1

∴ The correct answer is sec A cosec A + 1.

Additional Information

Trigonometric Identities

Primary identities: sin²θ + cos²θ = 1, 1 + tan²θ = sec²θ, and 1 + cot²θ = cosec²θ.

Reciprocal Relations

sec θ = 1/cos θ, cosec θ = 1/sin θ, and cot θ = 1/tan θ.

Substitution Method

For proving identities, substituting specific angles (like 30°, 45°, 60°) can quickly verify the options if no undefined terms occur.

The pattern followed here is shown below,

Hence, "38" is the correct answer.

The figure given below,

The total number of triangles in above figure is 9.

Hence, the correct answer is '9'.

The correct answer is originate from its north pole and end at its south pole.

Key Points Magnetic field lines are imaginary lines. Magnetic field lines are a visual tool used to represent magnetic fields. They describe the direction of the magnetic force on a north monopaole at any given position. The density of the lines indicates the magnitude of the field.

• A freely suspended magnet always point in North direction because Earth itself behaves as a magnet.
• The shape of earth's magnetic field resembles that of imaginary bar magnet of length 1/5th of earth's diameter buried at its Centre .
• The South pole of earth's magnet is in geographical north because it attracts the north pole of suspended magnet .
• Similarly , the North Pole of Earth's magnet is in geographical south because it attracts the south pole of the suspended magnet .
• The axis of earth's magnetic field is inclined at an angle of 15° with its geographical axis.
• The earth's magnetism is due to magnetic effect of current which is flowing in the liquid core at the Centre of the earth.
• The north end of the magnet is attracted to the south magnetic pole, which is located near the geographic north pole.
• Magnetic field lines outside a permanent magnet always run from the north magnetic pole to the south magnetic pole.

Given: SX_ABS_YBBSXY_BSX_DB 

Let's check each option:

1. XCCY → 

2. CXYX → 

3. YXCY → 

4. XCYC → 

​So, by putting option 3 in the series 'SXYA, B, C, DB is repeating itself.

Hence, the correct answer is "YXCY".

The hardest natural allotrope is C.

Key Points

• Diamond is a well-known allotrope of carbon that exhibits hardness and high dispersion of light. It is the hardest known natural mineral/substance and finds applications in cutting, drilling, and jewelry, and as a potential semiconductor material.
• Diamond has a crystalline lattice in which each carbon atom is sp³ hybridized.
• Each carbon atom is linked to four other carbon atoms and the C-C bond length is 154 pm.
• The structure extends in space and produces a rigid 3-D network of carbon atoms with directional covalent bonds throughout the lattice.
• It is very difficult to break extended covalent bonding which makes diamond the hardest substance on the earth.

Additional Information

• Allotropy is the presence of the same element in two or more different physical states with varying attributes.
• These different states are known as allotropes.
• Pb:
• Pb or Lead has no such secondary structure.
• Thus, Pb has no allotropes.
• S:
• ​There are numerous allotropes of the element sulphur.
• Sulfur is the second most abundant allotrope after carbon.
• Each allotrope moreover frequently exists in polymorphs in addition to the allotropes.
• Sn:
• Sn or Tin have two different forms or allotropes.
• Allotropes of Sn are: White Tin (beta) and Grey Tin (alpha).

The logic followed here is:

Logic: (1st number × 2) + 1 = 2nd number.

Now,

For, 10 : 21

⇒ (10 × 2) + 1 = 20 + 1 = 21.

For, 11 : 23

⇒ (11 × 2) + 1 = 22 + 1 = 23.

Similarly, for 12 ∶ ?

⇒ (12 × 2) + 1 = 24 + 1 = 25.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The correct answer is 'Spectacle'.

Key Points

• Refraction in simple terms is the bending of light when it passes from one transparent substance to another. It also happens with water, sound and other waves. Due to this bending, which causes refraction of light, we are able to have magnifying glasses, prisms, lenses and rainbows. Our eyes would not be able to focus, without the refraction of light.

• Principle of Refraction light

• The reflected ray, incident ray and the normal to the interface of the two media at the point of incidence all lie on the same plane.

• The ratio of the sine of the angle of refraction to the sine of the angle of incidence is a constant. This is also known as Snell’s law of refraction.

• Spectacles work by bending light i.e. on the the principle of Refraction just like the lens and cornea in eye. The Spectacles bends light to make it focus correctly on retina (the light-sensitive layer of tissue at the back of the eye). Different eyeglass lenses can correct different errors caused by problems with the cornea, lens, or shape of the eye.

The correct answer is Gender Equality Today for a Sustainable Tomorrow.

Key Points

• The theme for International Women's Day 2022 (IWD 2022) is "Gender equality today for a sustainable tomorrow."
• This theme recognises the contribution of women and girls around the world, who are taking the initiative to combat climate change and help future generations adapt, mitigate, and respond.
• The International Women's Day topic corresponds to the primary theme of the 66th Commission on the Status of Women (CSW66).

Given Statement: Due to ongoing road work, all traffic on Road X is being diverted to the Airport Road.

Now, 

Assumptions:

1. There is heavy traffic jam on the Airport Road - Not Implicit (The statement does not provide enough information to conclude that there is a traffic jam on the Airport Road) 2. Flights are being rescheduled because people are not able to reach the airport on time - Not Implicit (The statement does not mention any information about flight schedules being affected)

Here, Neither assumption I nor II is implicit.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The correct answer is Sarnath.

Key Points

• Buddhism, one of the world's largest religions, has its roots in India and stretches back 2,500 years.
• Medieval Buddhist art frequently featured the Buddha's first sermon, which was delivered in a deer woodland.
• The term "Dhamma Chakka Pavattana," which means "spinning the wheel of dharma," refers to this occasion.
• The Buddha gave his first lecture in a deer forest at Sarnath, north of Bodhgaya, where he had attained enlightenment weeks before, is a common motif in mediaeval Buddhist art.

Additional Information

• Buddhists hold that enlightenment or nirvana can be attained via meditation, hard work both physically and spiritually, and good conduct. They also hold that human life is one of suffering.
• Buddhism is an Indian religion or philosophical school that is founded on teachings credited to the Buddha also known by the names Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya.
• With Siddhartha Gautama, it began in India about the fifth century BCE, and throughout the following millennia, it spread throughout Asia and the rest of the world.

The correct answer is: 42nd

Key Points

• The 42nd Amendment Act of 1976 amended the Indian Constitution to include Fundamental Responsibilities.
• The USSR is where the idea of fundamental obligations originated.
• Indian tradition, mythology, faiths, and traditions are largely incorporated into the Fundamental Duties.

Additional Information

• Every citizen should always be reminded of their fundamental obligations even though the constitution explicitly associates certain fundamental rights with them.
• Because rights and duties are related, it also calls for citizens to adhere to some fundamental democratic principles.
• The addition of Basic Obligations brought our Constitution into compliance with both the provisions of various other modern constitutions as well as article 29 (1) of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

The correct answer is the Direction of the induced current

Key Points

• Fleming's right-hand rule is used to determine the direction of the induced current in a conductor moving through a magnetic field.
• The rule states:
• Thumb: Direction of motion of the conductor (or the relative motion between the conductor and the magnetic field).
• Index finger: Direction of the magnetic field (from north to south).
• Middle finger: Direction of the induced current.
• Thus, the correct answer is: Direction of induced current.

Given :

104.96 + 120.96 + 103.16 - 12.89 × 2.04 + 124.93 ÷ 5.1 = ?

Formula used:

Calculation:

$104.96 + 120.96 + 103.16 - 12.89 × 2.04 + 124.93 ÷ 5.1\=104.96+120.96+103.16-12.89× 2.04 +24.5\=104.96+120.96+103.16-26.3+24.5\=353.58-26.3\=327.73∼328$

Hence the closest approximate value is 328.

The correct answer is Rs. 6 lakh.

Key Points

• The scheme aims to empower students belonging to minority communities and prepare them for competitive examinations so that their participation in government and private jobs improves.
• The scheme provides financial support for free coaching to notified minority students in selected coaching institutions.
• The total family income from all sources NOT exceeding Rs. 6 lahks per annum, will be eligible under the Scheme.

Additional Information

• Qualifying examinations for admission in technical/professional courses such as engineering, law, medicine, management, information technology etc and language/aptitude examinations for seeking admission in foreign universities.
• Coaching for jobs in the private sector such as in airlines, shipping, information technology (IT), business process outsourcing (BPO) and other IT-enabled services, hospitality, tours and travels, maritime, food processing, retail, sales & marketing, biotechnology and other job oriented courses as per the emerging trend of employment.
• Remedial coaching at the undergraduate and postgraduate level to improve academic knowledge and enable the student to catch up with the rest of the class and complete the course successfully.

The correct answer is Manage it wisely.

Key Points

• Conservation of natural resources like water doesn’t mean not using them.
• It means managing them wisely for their best use over time, including delaying use if delay preserves them for continuing use by future generations.
• A “natural resource” is an element of nature that has “utility” for humans — a utility that supports our life and wellbeing.
• But natural resources like water are not inexhaustible — the regenerative capability of renewable (biological) resources can be destroyed, and the economic cost of recovery of non-renewable can be exceeded.
• The objective of resource conservation is to support and expand our own quality of life without risking the future well-being of our children.
• We do that by making sure that we don’t waste our resources on dumb stuff like endangered species harvesting, egregious material splendour, or weapons of destruction

Shortcut Trick

For a cube with side a, the Total Surface Area (TSA) is always 6a².

Given a = 5 cm.

⇒ TSA = 6 × (5)² = 6 × 25 = 150.

∴ The correct answer is 150 cm².

Alternate Method

Given:

Side of the cube (a) = 5 cm

Formula Used:

Total Surface Area of a cube = 6 × (side)²

Calculations:

⇒ Surface area of one face = 5 × 5 = 25 cm²

⇒ Since a cube has 6 identical faces:

⇒ Total Surface Area = 6 × 25

⇒ Total Surface Area = 150 cm²

∴ The correct answer is 150 cm².

Additional Information

Volume of a Cube

The space occupied by the cube is given by a³, where a is the side length.

Lateral Surface Area (LSA)

The area of the four vertical faces (excluding top and bottom) is 4a².

Diagonal of a Cube

The longest distance between two opposite corners of a cube is a√3.

Given:

Here a graph is given which represents the number of vehicles manufactured by companies A and B in 2001-2006.

Formula used:

Average = Sum of observations ÷ Number of observations

Calculation:

Total number of vehicles produced during the year 2001-2006 by company B **= (119  + 99 + 141 + 78 + 120 + 159) **× 1000 = 716000.

Number of years = 6.

Average number of vehicles **= 716000 **÷ 6 = 1,19,333.

Hence, the average number of vehicles manufactured by company B is = 119333.

Shortcut Trick

To find the HCF, check the difference between the numbers or use divisibility rules on the options.

Difference = 2456 − 1248 = 1208.

The HCF must be a factor of 1208.

Checking options: 1208 is divisible by 8 (last three digits 208 ÷ 8 = 26), but not by 12, 14, or 16.

∴ The correct answer is 8.

Alternate Method

Given: Numbers are 1248 and 2456.

Method: Long Division Method (Continued Division).

⇒ Divide 2456 by 1248:

⇒ 2456 = 1248 × 1 + 1208

⇒ Now divide 1248 by the remainder 1208:

⇒ 1248 = 1208 × 1 + 40

⇒ Now divide 1208 by 40:

⇒ 1208 = 40 × 30 + 8

⇒ Now divide 40 by 8:

⇒ 40 = 8 × 5 + 0

⇒ The last divisor which leaves remainder 0 is the HCF.

∴ The correct answer is 8.

Additional Information

HCF (Highest Common Factor)

The greatest number that divides two or more numbers without leaving a remainder. Also known as GCD (Greatest Common Divisor).

Relation between HCF and LCM

For two numbers A and B: Product of numbers (A × B) = HCF × LCM.

HCF of Fractions

HCF of Fractions = (HCF of Numerators) ÷ (LCM of Denominators).

The correct answer is 'A-** Because it pumps blood to different parts of the body and B - Prevents back flow of blood** '.

Key Points

• The part A is left ventricle and the part B is Aortic Valve.
• Left ventricle:
• Out of all the compartments, the left ventricle has the thickest wall.
• The left ventricle is responsible for pumping the blood towards the different parts of the body
• Aortic valve:
• Enables blood to pass from the left ventricle to the aorta.
• It prevents backflow of blood into the left ventricle.

Additional Information

• Left ventricle: 
• ​One of the heart's four chambers is the left ventricle.
• The mitral valve separates it from the left atrium in the bottom left corner of the heart.
• Blood eventually returns to the left atrium as the heart contracts, passes through the mitral valve, and then enters the left ventricle.
• Aortic valve:
• The aortic valve opens, allowing blood to flow into the aortic arch and then the rest of the body.
• The thickest chamber of the heart, the left ventricle is in charge of delivering oxygen-rich blood to tissues throughout the body.
• The right ventricle, in contrast, only pumps blood to the lungs.

Key Points

• A prenatal mammal or other viviparous vertebrate between its embryonic stage and birth is referred to as a foetus.
• A multicellular diploid eukaryote in its infancy, from fertilisation through birth, hatching, or germination, is called an embryo.
• The embryo begins to produce several organs, the nervous system, separate cell layers, and blood cells in the second week following fertilisation.
• Most organs have begun to form by the end of the embryonic stage, however they will still develop and grow during the following stage. (that of the fetus).
• The cells of the embryo continually go through mitosis as a result of all these changes, which enables the embryo to increase in size and complexity.
• Further it is developed into foetus**.**

Additional Information

• An embryo is an initial stage of development of a multicellular organism.
• Steps of embryo formation:

1. Embryonic development is the phase of life cycle that starts right after the male sperm cell fertilises the female egg cell in sexually reproducing animals.
2. The consequence of the union of these two cells is a single-celled zygote that divides numerous times to give rise to blastomere cells.
3. The blastomeres are structured as a solid ball, or morula, which when it reaches a specific size absorbs fluid to form a hollow, or blastocoel. It's structure is then known as a blastula, or a blastocyst in animals.
4. Before implanting into the endometrial lining of the womb, the mammalian blastocyst develops..
5. The embryo will continue to develop through the next stages of gastrulation, neurulation, and organogenesis after being implanted.
6. The three germ layers that will eventually give rise to all the various bodily components are formed during gastrulation.
7. The formation of all the various body tissues and organs is known as organogenesis, and neurulation is the process that creates the nervous system.
8. Up until the ninth week following conception, a developing person is commonly referred to as an embryo. following that point, it is called a foetus. The term "embryo" can refer more widely in other multicellular animals to any early developmental or life cycle stage that occurs before birth or hatching.

Decoding the information,

'+' means ‘×’,

'-' means '÷',

'×' means '-' and

'÷' means ‘+’

Given:

$11 + 35 - 5 × 8 ÷ 3$

After replacing the signs and using the BODMAS rule,

$11 × \ 35 ÷ 5 - 8 +3\ =11 ×\ 7-8+3\ =77-8+3\ =80-8\ =72$

Hence, "72" is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Abnormal profit.

Key Points 

• Abnormal Profit:
• Abnormal profit occurs when the firm earns a higher-than-normal profit.
• It occurs when total revenue exceeds total economic costs (implicit costs plus explicit costs).
• It is also known as supernormal profit or economic profit which is when a firm's total sales revenue exceeds the total costs of production i.e., they are earning a profit above and beyond the level of normal profit.
• It is the "profit of a firm over and above what provides its owners with a normal (market equilibrium) return to capital that is of the opportunity cost of the factor input."

Additional Information

• Normal profit:
• Normal profit is a profit metric that takes into consideration both explicit and implicit costs.
• It may be viewed in conjunction with economic profit.
• Normal profit occurs when the difference between a company’s total revenue and combined explicit and implicit costs are equal to zero.
• Regulated Profit:
• The optimum profit is the maximum profit level an individual attains.
• When the marginal revenue from the sale of a commodity is equal to the marginal cost of production, then an individual is at the optimum profit level.
• Opportunity costs:
• Opportunity costs are the costs of any opportunity a company or business owner didn't take, including rejecting a higher-paying job offer or choosing one return on investment option over another.

The correct answer is Root.

Key Points

• The given diagram consists of Cell wall, cytoplasm, nucleus, vacuoles hence it is of root hair cell which is in root.
• Cell Wall 
• The root hair contains a cell wall made of an outer layer of pectin and an inner layer of cellulose. The function of root hairs is to collect water and mineral nutrients present in the soil and take this solution up through the roots to the rest of the plant. The cell wall is a dynamic structure that determines the shape of the root hair.
• Cytoplasm
• The cytoplasm is made up of water, salts and organic molecules. It is important as it suspends the cell organelles within it. All cells need energy to survive. Root hair cells are alive and therefore need energy, which is why root hair cells contain many mitochondria in them.
• Nucleus
• Nucleus is enclosed by a nuclear membrane with pores which allows selective passage of materials into and out of the nucleus. The nucleus contains nucleolus which synthesizes ribosomes and chromatin which contains the cell's genetic material. The nucleus controls all the cell activities, for example it controls the type of enzymes synthesized in the cytoplasm thus regulates the chemical changes which takes place in a cell.
• Vacuoles
• The root hair cell has a large vacuole which speeds up the movement of water to travel up the xylem and reach the cells.

Additional Information

• Seed (germination):
• Seed's external part consists of a seed coat and a small scar called hilum.
• While seed's internal part consists of 1 or 2 cotyledons, epicotyl, plumule and radical.
• Xylem:
• A tissue having several cell kinds.
• The conducting cells (vessels and tracheids) lack cytoplasm, nucleus, plastids, mitochondria, and vacuoles but are dead and hollow.
• However, the xylem also contains meristematic cambium cells.
• Large vacuoles impede the quick mitosis and cytokinesis occurring in these cells.
• At maturity, xylem fibre cells are dead but do not conduct. When they die, they form strong walls with a tiny amount of compacted mummified cytoplasm that fills the remaining interior space; if a dead vacuole were still present, it would be very thin.
• Particularly in xylem rays, xylem parenchyma cells feature "typical" cytoplasm with a full complement of operational organelles, which will include functional vacuoles.
• Shoot Tip:
• Plant roots and shoot tips contain a zone of multiplication and growth-capable cells called apical meristem.
• Their cytoplasm is thick and there are not many tiny vacuoles. (watery saclike enclosures).

Shortcut Trick

The effective rate of compound interest for 2 years at 5% = 5 + 5 + (5 × 5)/100 = 10.25%.

Total Amount = 100% (Principal) + 10.25% (Interest) = 110.25% of Principal.

Amount = 4,50,000 × 110.25 / 100 = 4,500 × 110.25.

Amount = Rs. 4,96,125.

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 4,96,125.

Alternate Method

Given: Principal (P) = Rs. 4,50,000, Rate (R) = 5% per annum, Time (n) = 2 years.

Formula Used: Amount (A) = P(1 + R/100)ⁿ

⇒ A = 4,50,000 × (1 + 5/100)²

⇒ A = 4,50,000 × (105/100) × (105/100)

⇒ A = 4,50,000 × (21/20) × (21/20)

⇒ A = 4,50,000 × (441 / 400)

⇒ A = 1,125 × 441

⇒ A = 4,96,125

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 4,96,125.

Additional Information

Compound Interest Formula

Compound Interest (CI) is calculated using CI = P[(1 + R/100)ⁿ − 1], where P is Principal, R is Rate, and n is Time.

Effective Interest Rate

For two years with annual compounding, the effective rate is given by R_eff = R + R + (R × R)/100.

SI vs CI Difference

The difference between CI and SI for 2 years is calculated as D = P(R/100)².

Given word: SANITY

Code:

• The vowels are changed with the following letters.
• The consonants are changed with the preceding letters.

According to the given information,

After arranging the obtained code word into alphabetical order, we get BJMRSX.

Here, R is the fourth from the left side.

Hence, the correct answer is 'R'.

Shortcut Trick

Identify the perfect cubes in the expression: 8x³ = (2x)³ and 27y³ = (3y)³.

Since all terms are positive, the expression must follow the (a + b)³ pattern.

Compare the coefficients of middle terms to verify: 3a²b = 3(2x)²(3y) = 36x²y and 3ab² = 3(2x)(3y)² = 54xy².

Both conditions are satisfied with a = 2x and b = 3y.

∴ The correct answer is (2x + 3y)³.

Alternate Method

Given Expression: 8x³ + 27y³ + 36x²y + 54xy²

Formula Used: (a + b)³ = a³ + b³ + 3a²b + 3ab²

⇒ Write the first term as a cube: 8x³ = (2x)³

⇒ Write the second term as a cube: 27y³ = (3y)³

⇒ Here, a = 2x and b = 3y.

⇒ Express the third term: 36x²y = 3 × (2x)² × (3y) = 3 × 4x² × 3y

⇒ Express the fourth term: 54xy² = 3 × (2x) × (3y)² = 3 × 2x × 9y²

⇒ The expansion matches the standard identity structure: (2x)³ + (3y)³ + 3(2x)²(3y) + 3(2x)(3y)²

⇒ Equivalent form = (2x + 3y)³

∴ The correct answer is (2x + 3y)³.

Additional Information

Negative Cubic Expansion

The identity for (a − b)³ is a³ − 3a²b + 3ab² − b³, where signs alternate.

Sum and Difference of Cubes

Factorization of a³ + b³ is (a + b)(a² − ab + b²) and a³ − b³ is (a − b)(a² + ab + b²).

Algebraic Identities

Always verify the middle terms (3a²b and 3ab²) to ensure the expression fits the binomial cube pattern perfectly.

Shortcut Trick

Profit ratio is calculated as (Investment × Time).

Ratio of Investments (Ren : Martin) = 5 : 4.

Time period for Ren = 2 years = 24 months.

Time period for Martin = 15 months.

Profit Ratio = (5 × 24) : (4 × 15) = 120 : 60 = 2 : 1.

∴ The correct answer is 2 : 1.

Alternate Method

Given → Investment ratio = 5 : 4 | Time for Ren = 24 months | Time for Martin = 15 months. Formulas: Profit = Investment × Time | Profit_A : Profit_B = (I_A × T_A) : (I_B × T_B)

⇒ Let investments be 5x and 4x. ⇒ Ren's Profit Share = 5x × 24 = 120x. ⇒ Martin's Profit Share = 4x × 15 = 60x. ⇒ Ratio = 120x : 60x = 2 : 1.

∴ The correct answer is 2 : 1.

Additional Information

Partnership Basics

In a partnership, if the investments are for different time periods, it is called a compound partnership. The profit is always shared in the ratio of the product of capital and time.

Calculating Investment or Time

If profit ratio and time ratio are known, the Investment ratio = (Profit ÷ Time). If profit ratio and investment ratio are known, the Time ratio = (Profit ÷ Investment).

The correct answer is three to seven.

Key Points 

• EI - Nino is a complex weather system that appears once every three to seven years, bringing drought, floods and other weather extremes to different parts of the world including India.
• The system involves oceanic and atmospheric phenomena with the appearance of warm currents off the coast of Peru in the Eastern Pacific and affects weather in many places including India.
• EI - Nino is merely an extension of the warm equatorial current which gets replaced temporarily by the cold Peruvian current or Humbolt current.
• This current increases the temperature of the water on the Peruvian coast by 10^∘C.
• This results in :
• The distortion of equatorial atmospheric circulation.
• Irregularities in the evaporation of seawater.
• Reduction in the number of plankton which further reduces the number of fish in the sea.

Additional Information

• Effect of EI Nino:
• El Nino results in the rise of sea surface temperatures
• It also weakens the trade winds of the affected region
• In India and Australia, it can bring about drought conditions. This affects crop productivity largely. It has been also observed at certain times, that EL Nino may not bring drought but cause heavy rainfall. In both cases, it causes heavy damage.
• However, in some other countries, it may result in a complete reversal, i.e., excessive rainfall.
• Mitigation of effects:
• Keeping a check on the sea surface temperatures
• Maintaining sufficient buffer stocks of food grains and ensuring their smooth supply
• Ensuring relevant support to the farmer community including economic help
• Alternative ways to be promoted such as the practice of sustainable agriculture

The correct answer is Propanone.

 Key Points

• The IUPAC name of CH₃COCH₃ is propanone as the suffix used for the ketone group is -one and propane because the parent chain consists of three carbon.
• The structural formula of propane is:

Additional Information

• Preparation of Propanone:
• 2CH≡CH + 3H₂O +Mg (at 420°C) → CH₃COCH₃+ CO₂ +2H₂ ​
• From the above reaction, propanone can be prepared from ethyne by passing a mixture of ethyne and stream over a catalyst, magnesium at 420℃.
• Propanol: 
• It consists of 3 carbon chain and 1 alcohol group (-OH bond)
• Chemical formula: CH₃CH₂CH₂OH.
• Propanal:
• It consists of 3 carbon chain and 1 aldehyde.
• Chemical formula: CH₃CH₂CHO.
• Propene:  
• It consists of 3 carbon chain and 1 double bond in between 2 carbons.
• Chemical formula: CH₃CH=CH₂ .

Given:

• Five students A, B, C, D, and E are sitting around a circular table facing the centre.

​

• A is an immediate neighbour of both B and E. ​

• B is sitting to the immediate right of C.​

• C is sitting to the immediate right of D. ​

So, D is the immediate neighbour of C and E.

Hence, the correct answer is 'D'.

The correct answer is Cuscuta.

Key Points

• Cuscuta is a parasitic plant.
• Since Cuscuta does not have chlorophyll, it cannot synthesize its own food by photosynthesis.
• It uses the nutrients of host plants for its growth.
• Other parasitic plants are - Rafflesia, Viscum, Nuytsia floribunda.
• Parasitic plants cause damage to the host plant.

Additional Information

• ​Mango
• The scientific name of Mango is Mangifera Indica.
• It is a large fruit tree.
• Pitcher plant 
• It belongs to carnivorous tree.
• It has the Ability to kill and digest insect.
• The leaves of the plants are converted to jug like pitcher.
• Cactus
• Cacti are plants that have succulent stems, pads or branches with scales and spines instead of leaves.
• Cactus pads are actually modified stems with a waxy coating.

Shortcut Trick

A quadratic equation is formed using the relation: x² − (Sum of roots)x + (Product of roots) = 0.

Substitute Sum = −7 and Product = −12 into the formula.

x² − (−7)x + (−12) = 0 → x² + 7x − 12 = 0.

∴ The correct answer is x² + 7x − 12 = 0.

Alternate Method

Given:

Sum of roots (α + β) = −7

Product of roots (α × β) = −12

Formula Used:

The standard form of a quadratic equation given its roots is:

x² − (α + β)x + αβ = 0

Calculations:

⇒ x² − (−7)x + (−12) = 0

⇒ x² + 7x − 12 = 0

The resulting quadratic equation is x² + 7x − 12 = 0.

∴ The correct answer is x² + 7x − 12 = 0.

Additional Information

Nature of Roots

The nature of roots is determined by the discriminant (D = b² − 4ac). If D > 0, roots are real and distinct; if D = 0, roots are real and equal; if D < 0, roots are imaginary.

Relationship between Roots and Coefficients

For a quadratic equation ax² + bx + c = 0, the sum of roots is −b/a and the product of roots is c/a.

Standard Form

The general form of a quadratic equation is ax² + bx + c = 0, where a, b, and c are constants and a ≠ 0.

Shortcut Trick

Let the Marked Price be 100.

After 15% discount, Price = 100 − 15 = 85.

Single equivalent discount of 23.5% means Final Selling Price = 100 − 23.5 = 76.5.

Discount on 85 = 85 − 76.5 = 8.5.

Value of x% = (8.5 ÷ 85) × 100 = 10%.

∴ The correct answer is 10%.

Alternate Method

Given → First Discount (a) = 15%, Second Discount (b) = x%, Single Equivalent Discount = 23.5%. Formulas: Successive Discount = a + b − (a × b) ÷ 100

⇒ 23.5 = 15 + x − (15 × x) ÷ 100 ⇒ 23.5 − 15 = x − 0.15x ⇒ 8.5 = 0.85x ⇒ x = 8.5 ÷ 0.85 ⇒ x = 10

∴ The correct answer is 10%.

Additional Information

Successive Discounts

When two or more discounts are applied one after another, they are called successive discounts. The net discount percentage is always less than the sum of individual percentages.

Marked Price & Selling Price

Selling Price (SP) = Marked Price (MP) × (100 − d₁)% × (100 − d₂)% ... where d is the discount percentage.

Given:

[{(1690 - 934) × $5\over6$ + 815} ÷ 17] 

Concept used:

Order of precedence in the BODMAS rule:

Calculation:

= [{(1690 - 934) × $5\over6$ + 815} ÷ 17]

= [{756 × $5\over6$ + 815} ÷ 17]

= [{630 + 815} ÷ 17]

= [1445 ÷ 17]

= 85

Hence, the correct answer is 85.

Given:

• Five boxes A, B, C, D, and E are kept one over the other.

• D is kept third from the bottom. ​

​

• E is placed immediately above C.
• Only one box is kept between D and C.

​

• There are only three boxes between B and C.

​

So, 0 boxes are placed between A and B.

Hence, the correct answer is '0'.

The Correct Answer isCash Reserve Ratio (CRR).

Key Points

• The cash reserve Ratio is a particular minimum amount of the total deposits of customers that needs to be maintained by the commercial bank as a reserve either is cash or as deposits with RBI.
• The CRR rate will be fixed as per the guidelines of the Central Bank.
• The amount specified as the Cash Reserve Ratio is held or reserved in cash or cash equivalents with RBI.
• CRR aims to ensure that banks do not run out of cash to meet their depositors’ payment demands

Additional Information 

• Objectives of Cash Reserve Ratio :
• A part of the bank’s deposits is with the Reserve Bank of India, it ensures the security of the amount.
• It makes it readily available when customers want their deposits back.
• CRR helps in keeping inflation under control. At the time of high inflation in the economy, RBI increases the CRR, so that banks need to keep more money in reserves so that they have less money to lend further.
• At the time of high inflation, the government needs to ensure that excess money is not available in the economy.
• To that extent, RBI increases the Cash Reserve Ratio and the amount of money that is available with the banks reduces.
• This curbs the excess flow of money in the economy. When the government needs to pump funds into the system, it lowers the CRR rate, which in turn, helps the banks provide loans to a large number of businesses and industries for investment purposes.
• Lower CRR also boosts the growth rate of the economy.

Important Points 

• The cash reserve is either stored in the bank’s vault or is sent to the RBI.
• Banks do not get any interest in the money that is with the RBI under the CRR requirements.
• If the current CRR rate is 4%, a bank is required to store 4% of the total NDTL or the Net Demand and Time Liabilities in the form of cash.
• Statutory Liquidity Ratio or SLR, which can be maintained in either gold or cash, CRR needs to be maintained only in cash.

Shortcut Trick

Assume the number is 3 units (based on the denominator of 1/3).

The one-third part of the number is 1 unit.

Total sum = 3 units + 1 unit = 4 units.

Given: 4 units = 12 ⇒ 1 unit = 3.

Original number = 3 units × 3 = 9.

∴ The correct answer is 9.

Alternate Method

Given: A number plus its 1/3^rd part equals 12.

Formula Used: x + (x/n) = Result

Let the unknown number be x.

According to the problem:

⇒ x + x/3 = 12

⇒ (3 × x + x) ÷ 3 = 12

⇒ 4x ÷ 3 = 12

⇒ 4x = 12 × 3

⇒ 4x = 36

⇒ x = 36 ÷ 4

⇒ x = 9

∴ The correct answer is 9.

Additional Information

Linear Equations in One Variable

Equations in the form ax + b = c, where x is the variable, are solved by isolating x using inverse arithmetic operations.

Fractional Parts

When a fraction (1/n) of a number is added to itself, the result is always (n+1)/n times the original number.

Ratio Method

Representing values as units based on the denominator of the fraction avoids complex LCM calculations and speeds up solving in competitive exams.

The correct answer is Lala Lajpat Roy

Key Points

• Lala Lajpat Rai is known as "Punjab Kesari", which means "Lion of Punjab".
• He was a prominent figure in the Indian independence movement and a key player in the fight against British colonial rule.
• some other things about Lala Lajpat Rai:
• He was a member of the Lal Bal Pal trio.
• He was a founding member of the Punjab National Bank, established in 1894.
• He founded the Dayanand Anglo-Vedic school in Lahore in 1885.
• He established the Indian Home Rule League of America in New York in 1917.
• He established the Servants of People Society in Lahore in 1921.
• He participated in rallies against the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre, the Rowlatt Act, and the partition of Bengal.

The position of alphabet are,

Given:

• Each letter is changed to the next letter in the English alphabetical order.

Now, let us apply the code to each word,

1. BOOK

2. PAPER

3. BOAT

4. PINK

So, two words thus formed will have NO vowel.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Two'.

Given:

• Six students of class XII, Q, R, U, V, Y and Z, has an online medical entrance exam on a different day of a week, starting from Tuesday and ending on Sunday of the same week.​

​

• None of them have the exam before U.

• Y has the exam immediately after U.

• V has the exam on Saturday and Z has the exam immediately before V.

• Q does not have the exam on Sunday.

So, Q has an exam on Thursday.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Q'.

Given:

Conditions for coding the group elements,

913@#4

Condition 1: Doesn't follow → As the first element is an odd number and the last element is an even number.

Condition 2: Follow → Third and second elements are odd numbers. Therefore, the third element is to be coded as the code for the second element.

Condition 3: Doesn't follow → First element is a number but the last element is also a number.

Hence, the code for "913@#4" is "YNNRBG".

The correct answer is I - A; II - C; III - B .

Key Points

 I.Heart is defined as an organ that pumps blood received from veins into arteries throughout the body.

II.Arteries are defined as the blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the body.It carries blood with oxygen.

III. Veins are defined as the blood vessel that carries blood from the body to heart .It caries blood containing carbon-dioxide.

Additional Information

• Heart
• It is the primary organ of human's circulatory system.
• It contains four chambers made of muscles and powered by electric impulses.
• The blood pumped by  heart which  provides your body with the oxygen and nutrients it needs to function.
• Arteries
• They are responsible for the transportation of fluid.
• The arteries are the blood vessels that deliver oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the tissues of the body.
• Veins
• They are the parts of our circulatory system.
• They work together with other blood vessels and your heart to keep your blood moving.
• Veins hold most of the blood in your body.

Shortcut Trick

Numbers must be multiples of HCF 12 and their product must be 2160.

Check options: (36, 60) → Both are divisible by 12.

Product check: 36 × 60 = 2160.

∴ The correct answer is (36, 60).

Alternate Method

Given: Product = 2160, HCF = 12.

Formula Used: Product of two numbers = HCF × LCM | Let numbers be 12x and 12y (where x, y are co-prime).

⇒ Let the numbers be 12x and 12y.

⇒ 12x × 12y = 2160

⇒ 144xy = 2160

⇒ xy = 2160 ÷ 144

⇒ xy = 15

⇒ Possible co-prime pairs for (x, y) are (1, 15) and (3, 5).

⇒ If (x, y) = (1, 15), numbers are (12×1, 12×15) = (12, 180).

⇒ If (x, y) = (3, 5), numbers are (12×3, 12×5) = (36, 60).

∴ The correct answer is (36, 60).

Additional Information

Fundamental Property

For any two numbers a and b, Product (a × b) = HCF(a, b) × LCM(a, b).

Co-prime Factors

If HCF is h, the numbers can be written as hx and hy, where HCF(x, y) = 1 (they are co-prime).

Number of Pairs

The number of possible pairs depends on the number of ways the product (xy) can be split into co-prime factors.

Shortcut Trick

For half-yearly compounding, 1.5 years = 3 conversion periods.

Ratio of Amount to Principal (A:P) = 9261 : 8000.

Take cube root for 1 period: √³(9261) : √³(8000) = 21 : 20.

Growth rate per half-year = (21 − 20) / 20 × 100 = 5%.

Annual Rate = 5% × 2 = 10%.

∴ The correct answer is 10%.

Alternate Method

Given: Principal (P) = ₹8,000, Amount (A) = ₹9,261, Time (T) = 1.5 years.

Formula Used: A = P(1 + r/100)ⁿ, where r is the half-yearly rate and n is the number of half-years.

⇒ For half-yearly compounding, n = 1.5 × 2 = 3 periods.

⇒ 9261 = 8000 × (1 + r/100)³

⇒ 9261 / 8000 = (1 + r/100)³

⇒ (21 / 20)³ = (1 + r/100)³

⇒ 21 / 20 = 1 + r/100

⇒ r/100 = 21/20 − 1 = 1/20

⇒ r = 100 / 20 = 5% (per half-year)

⇒ Annual Rate = 5% × 2 = 10%.

∴ The correct answer is 10%.

Additional Information

Compound Interest Frequencies

When compounded half-yearly, the rate is divided by 2 and time is multiplied by 2. For quarterly compounding, the rate is divided by 4 and time is multiplied by 4.

Effective Annual Rate (EAR)

The effective rate is the actual interest earned in a year. EAR = [1 + (r/n)]ⁿ − 1, where n is the number of compounding periods per year.

Standard Powers for CI

Memorizing cubes up to 25 is helpful for 3-year or 3-period CI problems. For example, 20³ = 8000 and 21³ = 9261 are very common in banking exams.

The correct answer is Double displacement reaction.

Key Points

• A double displacement reaction is a type of chemical reaction in which the reactant ions exchange places to form new products.
• Usually, a double displacement reaction results in precipitate formation.
• The chemical bonds between the reactants may be either covalent or ionic.
• Example of Double displacement reaction Na₂S+2HCl→2NaCl+H₂S.​

​

Additional Information

 1.When more than two reactants react together to form a new product, this type of reaction is known as a combination reaction.

2.A displacement reaction is the one wherein the atom or a set of atoms is displaced by another atom in a molecule.

3. oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction is a type of chemical reaction that involves a transfer of electrons between two species

Shortcut Trick

Total age after 4 years = 44 years.

Total present age = 44 − (2 × 4) = 36 years.

Reema is older, so Reema's age = (Sum + Difference) ÷ 2.

Reema's age = (36 + 4) ÷ 2 = 40 ÷ 2 = 20 years.

∴ The correct answer is 20 years.

Alternate Method

Let Reema's present age be x years.

Seema's present age = (x − 4) years.

After 4 years:

⇒ Reema's age = x + 4

⇒ Seema's age = (x − 4) + 4 = x

According to the question:

⇒ (x + 4) + x = 44

⇒ 2x + 4 = 44

⇒ 2x = 40

⇒ x = 20

∴ The correct answer is 20 years.

Additional Information

Age Difference Property

The difference between the ages of two people remains constant regardless of the number of years passed.

Sum of Ages Calculation

If the sum of ages of 'n' people is S after 't' years, then their Present Sum = S − (n × t).

Ratio based Age Problems

When ages are given in ratios, use the cross-multiplication method or equate the ratio units to the actual year difference.

The correct answer is Nuclear energy.

Key Points

• Conventional Source of energy is defined as the energy sources that once exhausted, do not replenish themselves within a specific period are called conventional or non-renewable energy sources.
• For a long time, these energy sources have been used extensively to meet the energy demands.
• Nuclear energy is one of the most environmentally friendly conventional sources of energy as it produces fewer greenhouse gas emissions during the production of electricity in comparison to sources like coal power plants.

​ Additional Information

• Hydroelectricity
• It is a renewable energy source.
• Hydroelectricity uses the energy of running water, without reducing its quantity, to produce electricity.
• Natural resources
• The example of this sources are l wind, tides, solar, biomass, etc .
• They generate energy which is known as “Non-conventional resources“.
• These are pollution free and hence we can use these to produce a clean form of energy without any wastage.
• ​Biomass Energy
• It is generated from the living organisms.
• The example of biomass energy resources are plants,corns.
• The energy from these organisms can be burned to create heat or converted into electricity.

The correct answer is Reserve Bank of India

Key Points

• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is the lender of last resort in India's monetary system.
• The RBI is India's central bank and is responsible for regulating the banking system, controlling monetary policy, and issuing banknotes.
• The RBI's role as the lender of last resort means that it can provide liquidity to banks that are solvent but temporarily facing liquidity issues.
• This can happen when no other bank is willing to extend credit to the bank in need.
• The RBI was established on April 1, 1935, and was originally privately owned. It was nationalized in 1949 and is now fully owned by the Government of India.

Additional Information

• some other banks in India:
• State Bank of India: A public bank that is one of the four largest Indian banks by total assets
• HDFC Bank: A private bank that is one of the four largest Indian banks by total assets
• ICICI Bank: A private bank that is one of the four largest Indian banks by total assets
• Kotak Mahindra Bank: A private bank that is one of the four largest Indian banks by total assets
• Bank of Baroda: A public bank that is the third largest nationalized bank in India
• Punjab National Bank: A public bank
• IndusInd Bank: A private bank

The logic followed here is:

Logic: (1st number ÷ 7) × 8 = 2nd number.

Now,

For, 63 : 72

⇒ (63 ÷ 7) × 8 = 9 × 8 = 72.

For, 28 : 32

⇒ (28 ÷ 7) × 8 = 4 × 8 = 32.

Not check all the options:

Option (1): 42 : 48

⇒ (42 ÷ 7) × 8 = 6 × 8 = 48.

Option (2): 40 : 48

⇒ (40 ÷ 7) × 8 = 5.714 × 8 = 45.71 (not 48).

Option (3): 56 : 63

⇒ (56 ÷ 7) × 8 = 8 × 8 = 64 (not 63).

Option (4): 64 : 56

⇒ (64 ÷ 7) × 8 = 9.143 × 8 = 73.14 (not 56).

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

Given:

From the above-shaded portion of the diagram, we can conclude that the employees with MBA degrees are computer experts but are NOT engineers and also don't smoke

Hence, the correct answer is '11'.

Shortcut Trick

To find a quadratic equation whose roots are the reciprocals of the roots of ax² + bx + c = 0, simply swap the coefficients a and c.

Given equation: 5x² − 3x − 4 = 0

Swap 5 and −4: −4x² − 3x + 5 = 0

Multiply the entire equation by −1 to standardize: 4x² + 3x − 5 = 0

∴ The correct answer is 4x² + 3x − 5 = 0.

Alternate Method

Given: The quadratic equation is 5x² − 3x − 4 = 0.

Let the roots of this equation be α and β.

⇒ Sum of roots (α + β) = −b/a = −(−3)/5 = 3/5

⇒ Product of roots (αβ) = c/a = −4/5

The roots of the new equation are 1/α and 1/β.

⇒ New Sum = 1/α + 1/β = (α + β) / αβ = (3/5) / (−4/5) = −3/4

⇒ New Product = (1/α) × (1/β) = 1/(αβ) = 1 / (−4/5) = −5/4

The formula for the required quadratic equation is: x² − (New Sum)x + (New Product) = 0

⇒ x² − (−3/4)x + (−5/4) = 0

⇒ x² + 3x/4 − 5/4 = 0

⇒ 4x² + 3x − 5 = 0

∴ The correct answer is 4x² + 3x − 5 = 0.

Additional Information

Sum and Product of Roots

For a quadratic equation ax² + bx + c = 0, the sum is −b/a and the product is c/a.

Transformation of Equations

To obtain an equation with roots as k times the original roots, replace x with x/k. For reciprocal roots, replace x with 1/x.

Discriminant and Nature

The value D = b² − 4ac determines if roots are real (D ≥ 0) or imaginary (D < 0).

The correct answer is Kerala. 

 Key Points

• The Thrissur Pooram is an annual temple festival clasp in Thrissur, Kerala, India.
• It is a clasp at the Vadakkunnathan (Shiva) Temple in Thrissur annually on Pooram day.
• The day during the moon rises with the Pooram star in the Malayalam Calendar month of Medam.
• The carnival was begun by Raja Rama Varma, Maharaja of Cochin Sakthan Thampuran in 1798.

 Additional Information

• However the presiding deity at Thiruvambadi is Lord Krishna, it is the second in the significant deity of Goddess Bhagavati that participates in the pooram.
• There are as well eight other temples participate, but some exclusive rights as part of pooram are vested with Paramekkavu and Thiruvambadi temples.

Shortcut Trick

Assume Total Distance = 4D. Then parts are 1D and 3D.

Total Time = Distance₁/Speed₁ + Distance₂/Speed₂

14 = D/25 + 3D/30 ⇒ 14 = D/25 + D/10

14 = (2D + 5D)/50 ⇒ 14 = 7D/50 ⇒ D = 100 km.

Total Distance = 4D = 4 × 100 = 400 km.

∴ The correct answer is 400 km.

Alternate Method

Given:

Total time taken by Babli = 14 hours

Speed 1 (v₁) = 25 km/h for 1/4 of distance (x/4)

Speed 2 (v₂) = 30 km/h for 3/4 of distance (3x/4)

Formula Used:

Time = Distance ÷ Speed

Calculations:

⇒ Let total distance be x km.

⇒ (x/4)/25 + (3x/4)/30 = 14

⇒ x/100 + 3x/120 = 14

⇒ x/100 + x/40 = 14

⇒ (2x + 5x)/200 = 14

⇒ 7x/200 = 14

⇒ x = (14 × 200) / 7

⇒ x = 2 × 200 = 400 km

∴ The correct answer is 400 km.

Additional Information

Average Speed

For two equal distances with speeds a and b, Average Speed = 2ab/(a+b). For unequal distances, use Total Distance / Total Time.

Relative Speed

Same direction: S₁ − S₂ | Opposite direction: S₁ + S₂.

Unit Conversion

To convert km/h to m/s, multiply by 5/18. To convert m/s to km/h, multiply by 18/5.