Computer Knowledge PYQs

When the user presses CTRL+9 it hides the current row in Microsoft excels.

The correct answer is L

Important Points

• The Start Menu offers an option for locking your PC. Just click the Start button (the Windows icon), select your account name, and then click “Lock.”

• In addition to locking it from the Start menu, letting it lock automatically after a period of inactivity, and even using Bluetooth to lock when it senses you've left, there are two ways to lock Windows with quick keyboard shortcuts.

• The Ctrl+Alt+Delete keyboard shortcut is commonly used to kill unresponsive software, but you can also use it to lock your computer. Press Ctrl+Alt+Delete, and then click “Lock” in the menu that appears.

• There's an even faster way to lock the screen — do it in a single keystroke. Press the Windows and L keys at the same time. It should lock instantly.

Additional Information

• Windows logo key + l is used to lock the computer.
• Windows logo key + i is used to open settings.
• Windows logo key + f is used to open the feedback hub.
• Windows logo key + r is used to open the run window.

Operating system runs on computer hardware and serves as platform for other software to run on. An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs.

All computer programs, excluding firmware, require an operating system to function.

The shortcut key to print a document is Ctrl + P.

Key Points

• This keyboard shortcut is widely supported across various applications and operating systems.
• It is designed to provide a quick and convenient way to initiate the printing process.
• When you press Ctrl + P, it typically triggers the printing function within the active application.
• This action can open a print dialog box that allows you to customize the printing options before sending the document to the printer.

A handheld computer is a computer that can conveniently be stored in a pocket (of sufficient size) and used while you're holding it. Today's handheld computers, which are also called personal digital assistants (PDAs), can be divided into those that accept handwriting as input and those with small keyboards, Touchpads etc.

The client–server model is a distributed application structure that partitions tasks or workloads between the providers of a resource or service, called servers, and service requesters, called clients.Often clients and servers communicate over a computer network on separate hardware, but both client and server may reside in the same system. A server host runs one or more server programs which share their resources with clients.

There are two types of storage devices divided on the basis of their capability of data retention; volatile & non-volatile. The former is the one which loses the data when the system is turned off whereas the latter retains the data even when the system is turned off.

There are two types of storage devices: volatile & non-volatile. Nonvolatile storage refers to those storage devices which do not lose the data when the system is turned off. A hard disk drive is a non-volatile storage device.

The correct answer is command-driven

Key Points

• Microsoft Disk Operating System, MS-DOS is a non-graphical command line operating system derived from 86-DOS that was created for IBM compatible computers.
• MS-DOS is one of the oldest and widely used operating system. DOS is a set of computer programs, the major functions of which are file management, allocation of system resources, providing essential features to control hardware devices. DOS commands can be typed in either upper case or lower case.

Additional Information

• The MS-DOS operating system is a ​command-driven interface, single-tasking operating system.
• MS-DOS allows the user to navigate, open, and otherwise manipulate files on their computer from a command line instead of a GUI like Windows.
• Today, MS-DOS is no longer used; however, the command shell, more commonly known as the Windows command line is still used by many users.

• HTML stands for Hypertext markup language.
• It is a language used for writing source codes for developing a webpage, inserting content and other components in it.

The combination of keys used for restarting the computer is Ctrl+Alt+Delete. It halts all current programs and let the user choose options for rebooting the computer.

Alt+F4 closes the program. It sends a close message to the window, as when you press the little x button on the title bar. It is a windows manager configuration. It depends upon the application whether to respond to this event by closing all together the application, iconize (i.e. like x chat can be configured) or other.

The most recent version is IPv6 with 128 bits of address.

ROM is the abbreviated form of “Read only memory” of the computer. This is permanent, non-volatile or non-changing memory which means that it has the ability to retain the data even after the system is turned off.

USB refers to those cables, connections and interfaces which are used to connect different peripherals and other gadgets to the computer. The USB is an abbreviated form of universal serial bus & is designed by Compaq, DEC, IBM, Intel, Microsoft, NEC and Nortel

At an overview level, the process of compilation can be split into four separate stages: Preprocessing, compilation, assembly, and linking. Traditional compilers orchestrate this process by invoking other programs to handle each stage.

The correct answer is Variable length packets

Important Points

• The internet data has variable-length packets which signify that the length is not fixed and the packet’s length can be different though the frame length is always fixed.

Key Points

• In networking, a packet is a small segment of a larger message. Data sent over computer networks, such as the Internet, is divided into packets. These packets are then recombined by the computer or device that receives them.
• Suppose a user needs to load an image. The image file does not go from a web server to the user's computer in one piece. Instead, it is broken down into packets of data, sent over the wires, cables, and radio waves of the Internet, and then reassembled by the user's computer into the original photo.
• A packet header is a "label" of sorts, which provides information about the packet’s contents, origin, and destination.

Additional Information

• Packet headers go at the front of each packet. Routers, switches, computers, and anything else that processes or receives a packet will see the header first. A packet can also have trailers and footers attached at the end. Like headers, these contain additional information about the packet.
• IP (Internet Protocol) is a network layer protocol that has to do with routing. It is used to make sure packets arrive at the correct destination.
• "Datagram" is a segment of data sent over a packet-switched network. A datagram contains enough information to be routed from its source to its destination. By this definition, an IP packet is one example of a datagram. Essentially, the datagram is an alternative term for "packet."

The dial up and broadband; both connections use phone line and modem connected to satellites and other telephonic devices for establishing internet connections.

• URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator.
• The URL is used to take the user to a particular address or resource on the network or the system.

Applet is a program written in Java programming language that is designed to be placed on a web page. It performs one specific task that runs within the scope of a dedicated widget engine or a larger program.