DSSSB TGT Social Science Male 6th Sep 2021 (Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)

The logic follows here is:

1^st word is the "name of the instrument" to measure the 2^nd word.

• Odometer ∶ Distance​

→ Here, 'Odometer' is an instrument to measure the 'Distance'.

Similarly,

• Ammeter ∶ Electric current

→ Here, 'Ammeter ' is an instrument to measure the 'Electric current'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Electric current".

Additional Information

Confusion PointsIn option (4) → Pressure ∶ Barometer, 2^nd word is the instrument's name, which contradicts the logic.

The logic follows here is:

\

Hence, the correct answer is "C43".

As per the given question:

Six boys B1, B2, B3, B4, B5 and B6 like one car out of six different cars C1, C2, C3, C4, C5 and C6 (not necessarily in the same order).

• B1 and B6 do not like C3 or C4.
• B2 and B5 like C5 and C1 respectively.
• B4 doesn't like C3 or C6. B1 does not like C2.

Now, from the above table we can conclude that:

• B3 likes C3
• B4 likes C4
• B6 likes C2
• B1 likes C6

​Thus, the final arrangement will be:

Now,

I. B1 likes C6 → True.

II. B4 likes C4 → True.

Thus, both statements are true.

Hence, the correct answer is "Both I and II".

As per the given information:

A person walks 10 km towards west. He takes a left turn and walks 15 km. He takes a right turn and walks 10 km. He again takes a right turn and walks 31 km. He walks 8 km towards East.

Thus, the following diagram can be drawn:

Now,

Distance between OE is calculated by using Pythagoras theorem:

→ (OE)2 = (EP)2 + (PO)2 

→ (OE)2 = (16)2 + (PA + AO)2 

→ (OE)2 = 256 + (2 + 10)²

→ (OE)2 = 256 + (12)²

→ (OE)2 = 256 + 144 

→ (OE)2 = 400

→ OE = 20 km

Clearly, the person is '20' km far from the starting point.

Hence, the correct answer is "20 km".

As per the given information:

Five boxes A, B, C, D, and E are kept one above the other (not necessarily in the same order).

• Two boxes are placed between B and C.
• A is placed immediately above B.
• C is placed immediately below E.
• E is not at the top.

Thus, the final arrangement will be:

Box 'D' is kept in the middle

Hence, the correct answer is "D".

As per the given information:

Eight persons A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H are sitting around a circular table facing the center (not necessarily in the same order).

• E sits fourth to the right of A.​

• Two persons sit between E and G.

• Two persons sit between G and F.

• B sits immediate left of D.

• One person sits between D and H.

Case II, will be eliminated because it contradicts the given statement.

Thus, the final arrangement will be:

Now, according to the given statement;

I. C sits immediate left of A → True

II. One person sits between C and F → False

Clearly, statement I is true.

Hence, the correct answer is "Only I".

The logic followed here is:

The opposite symbols interchange their positions with each other.

In the first part of the question, the first figure has four symbols: x is opposite to y, and 2 is opposite to #, and in the second figure, these symbols interchange their positions.

• Figure A to B:

Similarly,

In the second part of the question, the first figure has four symbols such as p is opposite to k, and 3 is opposite to @.

So, in the second figure, these symbols will interchange their positions.

• Figure C to D:

Thus, the final arrangement will be:

Hence, the correct answer is "option 1".

Mistake Points All the alphabets used in the question and options figures are small letters of English alphabet series except the option 4. Here, P is given in capital.

The logic follows here is:

• 'RACING' is written as 'TMRXZI'

​

Similarly,

• 'QUAKES' will be written as:

​Hence, the correct answer is "HVPZFJ".

As per the given information,

A cuboid of dimensions 6 cm × 4 cm × 4 cm is painted in such a way that the face which is a square is painted black. Out of the remaining faces, 2 adjacent faces are painted with blue color and 2 adjacent faces are painted with green color.

• Now the cuboid is cut into smaller cubes of size 2 cm each:

​​Now, the number of cubes that have two green faces:

​

Thus, there will be 3 cubes that will have two green faces.

Hence, the correct answer is "3".

As per the given question:

The number of triangles in the given figures are:

After counting 6 triangles we have 1 more triangle which is:

• △ABC

Total triangles = 7

Thus, there are total '7' triangles.

Hence, the correct answer is "7".

Given: 72, 36, 108, 144, 252, ?

The logic follows here is:

Hence, the correct answer is "396".

Statement:

I. Some D is F.

II. Some D are N.

The least possible diagram for the given statements is as follows:

Conclusion:

I. Some F are N → False (Because there is no direct relation between 'F' and 'N', so it is possible but not definite)

II. Some N are D → True (Because 'Some D are N', so some N are D is definitely true)

Hence, the correct answer is "Only conclusion II follows".

Given Series : 2, 4, 10, 22, 44, 72, 114

The logic follows here is:

Therefore, the wrong term in the series is → 44

Thus, the correct series is:

Hence, the correct answer is "44".

Statement:

I. Some P are Q.

II. Some P are T.

III. All T are B.

The least possible diagram for the given statements is as follows:

Conclusion:

I. Some P are B → True (Because 'Some P are T' and ' All T are B', so some 'P' that are 'T' are also 'B', so it  is definitely true)

II. Some B are Q → False (Because there is no direct relation between 'B' and 'Q', so it is possible but not definite)

III. No Q is B → False (Because there is no direct relation between 'Q' and 'B', so it is possible but not definite)

Hence, the correct answer is "Only conclusions I follows".

The logic follows here is:

• CG ∶ DF

​

Similarly,

• MT ∶ ?

​

​Hence, the correct answer is "NS".

According to the given information:

• A person leaves his house early in the morning and walks 12 km towards west. He takes a right turn and walks 22 km. He takes a right turn and walks 20 km.

• He takes a right turn and walks 5 km. He takes a left turn and walks 4 km. Finally he takes a right turn and walks 12 km.

Now,

Distance between OR is calculated by using Pythagoras theorem:

→ (OR)2 = (RG)2 + (OG)2 

→ (OR)2 = (5)2 + (12)2 

→ (OR)2 = 25 + 144

→ (OR)2 = 169

→ OR = 13 km

Clearly, the person is '13 km North-East' km far from the starting point.

Hence, the correct answer is "13 km North-East".

As per the given information,

→ The shaded part represents 'rivers are neither water nor canal' = 21 + 24

= 45

Hence, the correct answer is "45".

As per the given information,

I. The number of cuboids which are cubes is 36.

→ The shaded part represents 'the number of cuboids which are cubes' = 21 + 15

= 36

Thus, the given statement is true.

II. The number of cylinders which are not cuboids is 31.

→ The shaded part represents 'the number of cylinders which are not cuboids' = 31 + 29 

= 60 ≠ 31

Thus, the given statement is not true.

Hence, the correct answer is "Only I".

The logic follows here is,

The arrangement of all the given words in the order in which they appear in an English dictionary is as shown below:

• The three letters L, M and A are common in all words, so we will start arranging the word from the fourth letter as per alphabetical order.

2. Lamellibranch
3. Lamellosities
4. Laminectomies
5. Lamprophonias
6. Lamprophonies

Hence, the correct answer is "21543".

The logic follows here is:

1) XA − AD

2) QT − TW

3) NR − QV

4) FI − IL

Clearly, 'NR − QV' is the odd term.

​Hence, the correct answer is "NR − QV".

The correct answer is Only I.

Key Points

• The Brahmaputra river is known as the Tsangpo river in Tibet.
• Brahmaputra river
• ​It has its origin in the Chemayungdung glacier of the Kailash range near the Mansarovar lake.
• The Rango Tsangpo is the major right-bank tributary of this river in Tibet.
• It enters India west of Sadiya town in Arunachal Pradesh.
• The river crosses Assam below Dhubri and enters Bangladesh where the river is known as Jamuna.
• It finally merges with the river Padma, which falls in the Bay of Bengal.
• Its major left bank tributaries are the Burhi Dihing and Dhansari (South) whereas the important right bank tributaries are the Subansiri, Kameng, Manas and Sankosh.
• The Brahmaputra is well-known for floods, channel shifting and bank erosion.
• This is due to the fact that most of its tributaries are large, and bring large quantity of sediments owing to heavy rainfall in its catchment area.

The correct answer is stone gray.

Key Points

• | Denomination | Image on note | Color | | --- | --- | --- | | INR 5 | Tractor | Green-Orange | | INR 10 | Sun Temple, Konark | Chocolate Brown | | INR 20 | Ellora Caves | Greenish Yellow | | INR 50 | Hampi | Fluorescent blue | | INR 100 | Rani ki Vav | Lavendar | | INR 200 | Sanchi Stupa | Bright Yellow | | INR 500 | Red Fort | Stone Grey | | INR 2000 | Mangalyaan | Magenta |

The correct answer is Both I and II.

Key Points

• According to the revised criteria established by the MSME Ministry (effective July 1, 2020), the classification of MSMEs (including SSIs) is based on investment in plant and machinery or equipment and annual turnover. The updated criteria for a small enterprise are as follows:
• Investment in Plant and Machinery or Equipment:
• Should not exceed ₹10 crores.
• Annual Turnover:
• Should not exceed ₹50 crores.
• Statement I:
• Investment in plant and machinery or equipment does not exceed ₹10 crores.
• This aligns with the official definition of a small-scale industry.
• Conclusion: Correct.
• Statement II:
• Annual turnover does not exceed ₹50 crores.
• This aligns with the official definition of a small-scale industry.
• Conclusion: Correct.

The correct answer is N.V. Ramna.

Key Points

• Justice NV Ramana took the oath as the 48^th Chief Justice of India on 24 April 2021 at Rashtrapati Bhawan.
• In March 2021, then Chief Justice SA Bobde of the Supreme Court recommended him as his successor.
• Previously, he was a judge on the Supreme Court of India, chief justice of Delhi High Court and the acting chief justice of Andhra Pradesh High Court.

Additional Information

• Justice SA Bobde took over as 47^th Chief Justice of India (CJI) on 18 Nov 2019.
• He succeeded justice Ranjan Gogoi.
• Justice Dipak Misra served as the 45^th Chief Justice of India from 28 August 2017 till 2 October 2018.
• He is also a former Chief Justice of the Patna and Delhi High Courts.
• He succeeded J. S. Khehar, the 44^th Chief Justice.
• Rekha Menon is the first woman to take on the role of chairperson of the National Association of Software and Services Companies (NASSCOM).

The correct answer is Parliament.

Key Points

• Parliament has the power to regulate the rights of citizenship in India.
• ​This unique power of parliament is mentioned in Article 11 of the Indian constitution.
• Under Article 11 of the Indian Constitution, Parliament has the power to regulate the right of citizenship by law.
• Accordingly, the Parliament passed the Citizenship act of 1955 to provide for the acquisition and determination of Indian Citizenship.
• The Citizenship Act, 1955 was amended 6 times in 1986, 1992, 2003, 2005, 2015 and 2019.
• Granting of Indian Citizenship-
• Citizenship by Birth.
• Citizenship by Descent.
• Citizenship at the commencement of the Constitution of India.
• Citizenship by registration.
• Citizenship by naturalization.

The correct answer is 1930.

Key Points

• The first Commonwealth Games were held in 1930 in Hamilton, Canada.
• In the games, 11 countries sent 400 athletes to take part in six sports and 59 events.
• Since then, the Games have been conducted every four years (except for 1942 and 1946 due to World War II) and the event has seen many changes, not least in its name.
• The Commonwealth Games are overseen by the Commonwealth Games Federation (GCF), which also controls the sporting programme and selects the host cities.
• The Commonwealth of Nations is an association of independent sovereign states, most of which are former colonies of the United Kingdom.
• The British Monarch remains the head of the Commonwealth.
• 2022 Commonwealth Games, officially known as the XXII Commonwealth Games and commonly known as Birmingham 2022, took place in Birmingham, England.

The correct answer is Article 368.

Key Points

• Article 368
• ​Power of Parliament to amend the Constitution and procedure therefor.
• Parliament may in exercise of its constituent power amend by way of addition, variation or repeal any provision of this Constitution in accordance with the procedure laid down in this article.
• An amendment of this Constitution may be initiated only by the introduction of a Bill for the purpose in either House of Parliament.
• When the Bill is passed in each House by a majority of the total membership of that House and by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the members of that House present and voting, it shall be presented to the President.

Additional Information

• Article 362
• ​Rights and privileges of Rulers of Indian States Rep by the Constitution (Twenty sixth Amendment) Act, 1971.
• Article 342
• ​It deals with the provisions related to Scheduled Tribes.
• Article 318
• ​Power to make regulations as to conditions of service of members and staff of the Commission.​​

The correct answer is Maharashtra.

Key Points

• "Powada" is the regional music of Maharashtra.
• It is a traditional Marathi ballad.
• It is a genre of ballads, originally sung by the members of the Gondhal (Gondhia) caste, which is a Dalit community.
• The powada ballads were centred on wars.
• The word Powada itself means “the narration of a story in glorious terms”.
• The narratives are always odes in praise of an individual hero or an incident or place.
• The chief narrator is known as the Shahir who plays the duff to keep the rhythm.
• The tempo is fast and controlled by the main singer who is supported by others in chorus.
• The earliest notable Powada was the Afzal Khanacha Vadh (The Killing of Afzal Khan) (1659) by Agnidas which recorded Shivaji’s encounter with Afzal Khan.

The correct answer is 1829.

Key Points

• In 1829, the practice of Sati was banned.
• Sati was a practice among Hindu communities where a recently widowed woman, either voluntarily or by force, immolates herself on her deceased husband's pyre.
• Raja Rammohan Roy, the great Hindu reformer from Bengal fought many social evils prevalent in the Hindu society of Bengal and Sati pratha was one of the chief ones.
• Lord William Bentinck became the Governor-General of India in 1828.
• He helped Raja Rammohan Roy to suppress many prevalent social evils like Sati, polygamy, child marriage and female infanticide.
• The Bengal Sati Regulation which banned the Sati practice in all jurisdictions of British India was passed on 4 December 1829 by the then Governor-General Lord William Bentinck.

The correct answer is Bal Gangadhar Tilak.

Key Points

• Bal Gangadhar Tilak gave the slogan "Freedom is my birthright and I will have it".
• He was a freedom fighter and a lawyer and his ideology was that without self-rule or swarajya, no progress was possible.
• He was the founder of the Deccan Education Society.
• He was one of the founders of the Fergusson College (1885) in Pune through the Deccan Education Society.
• Bal Gangadhar Tilak  is also known as Lokmanya Tilak.
• Tilak was called the ‘father of Indian unrest’ in the book “Indian Unrest” written by Valentine Chirol.

Additional Information

Famous slogan by Freedom Fighters:

The correct answer is Delhi.

Key Points

• The Bahai House of Worship, popularly known as the Lotus Temple is not only a symbol of excellence in modern Indian architecture but also one of the most visited religious buildings in the world.
• The Temple located on a 9.7-hectare site near Nehru Place in South Delhi is a place of worship open to all races, religions, and castes.
• The form of this House of Worship takes the shape of the lotus, a flower considered sacred by most Indians.
• It is designed to reflect the simplicity, clarity, and freshness of the Baha'i Faith and to act as a symbol of the unity of mankind and religions.

Additional Information

Important Monuments in Delhi:

• Humayun's Tomb is a UNESCO World Heritage Site located in Delhi.
• Humayun's Tomb was built by Emperor Akbar.
• The construction was finished in 1572.
• The architecture of the tomb is influenced by Persian architecture.
• The India Gate is a war memorial located in New Delhi.
• It is formerly known as the All India War Memorial.
• The India Gate was designed by Edwin Lutyens.
• Alai Darwaza is the southern gateway of the Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque located in New Delhi.
• It was built by Sultan Alauddin Khalji in 1311.
• The architecture of India Gate was influenced by Indo-Islamic architecture.

The correct answer is Bleaching powder.

Key Points

• It has a strong smell of chlorine.
• Uses:
• Used in bleaching clothes in the laundry
• Used in bleaching of cotton and linen in textile industries.
• Used as an oxidizing agent.
• used as a disinfectant for disinfecting water.
• Used as a bathroom cleaner
• Preparation-

 Ca(OH)2 + Cl2 → CaOCl2 + H2O

Additional Information

• Washing soda is Hydrated Sodium carbonate.
• Its chemical name is sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃·10H₂O).
• It is used in glass, soap, and paper industries.
• Plaster of Paris (POP), quick-setting gypsum plaster consisting of a fine white powder (calcium sulfate hemihydrate), which hardens when moistened and allowed to dry.
• It is also known as the Plaster of Paris because for the preparation of POP, the abundant gypsum was first found near the capital city of France i.e. Paris.
• The chemical formula of the Plaster of Paris is (CaSO₄)₂. H₂O.
• Slaked lime is chemically known as Calcium hydroxide.
• Slaked lime is obtained by the action of water on calcium oxide.
• When it is mixed with water, a small proportion of it dissolves, forming a solution known as limewater, the rest remaining as a suspension called milk of lime.

The correct answer is Mahendragiri.

Key Points

• Mahendragiri is situated in Paralakhemundi, Gajapati district, Odisha.
• It is situated at an elevation of 1,501 meters.
• It is the second-highest mountain peak of Odisha after Deomali in Koraput.

NOTE: This answer is given by the commission. 

Important Points 

• The highest peak in the Eastern Ghats is Jindhagada Peak.
• It has an elevation of 1,690 meters.
• It is located in the Araku Valley of Andhra Pradesh.
• Araku Valley is well known for its natural beauty and coffee plantation.

Confusion Points 

• Earlier, it was Mahendra Giri Hill, that held the crown of being the highest peak in the Eastern Ghat but in April 2011, a team led by Mr. Venkat Reddy Y discovered that Mahendra Giri Hill has an elevation of just 1,501 meters.

Additional Information

• Kanchenjunga is the world’s third-highest mountain, with an elevation of 28,169 feet (8,586 meters).
• It is situated in the eastern Himalayas on the border between Sikkim state, northeastern India, and eastern Nepal, 46 miles (74 km) north-northwest of Darjiling, Sikkim.
• The mountain is part of the Great Himalaya Range.
• Mount Makalu is the fifth-highest mountain in the world at 8,481 meters.
• It is located in the Mahalangur Himalayas 19 km southeast of Mount Everest.
• One of the eight-thousanders peaks in Nepal, Makalu is an isolated peak whose shape is a four-sided pyramid.
• Dhaulagiri peak is located in Nepal.
• It is the highest peak of the Dhaulagiri Himal or massif in Nepal.
• It is a sub-range of the Himalayas which rises between the Bheri River on the west and the Kali Gandaki River on the east.
• The word Dhaulagiri is derived from the Sanskrit dhawala Giri, which means “beautiful white mountain".

The correct answer is Portuguese.

Key Points

• Portuguese was the first European to come to India for trade.
• Vasco de Gama was the first European to reach India by Sea in 1498.
• Portuguese were first to come to India as well as last to leave India.

Additional Information

• The Dutch East India Company came in 1602.
• English East India Company came to India in 1600.
• The Danish East India Company came to India in 1616.
• French East India Company was the last company came to India in 1664.

The correct answer is Tennis.

Key Points

• Double fault means hitting a fault on the second service.
• Tennis or Lawn tennis is a racket sport that can be played individually or between two teams of two teams of two-player each.
• International Tennis Federation: 
• It was founded on 1^st March 1913.
• ​It is a governing body of world tennis.
• Headquarters are located in London, United Kingdom.
• David Haggerty is the current president of ITF.
• Grand Slam Tournament
• Australia Open
• French Open
• Wimbledon
• US Open

Additional Information 

The correct answer is Virtual, erect.

Key Points 

• The image formed by a concave lens is always Virtual and erect.
• Images are always smaller than the object, erect, and virtual.
• As the distance between the object and the lens decreases, the size of the virtual image increases as the distance between the virtual image and the mirror decreases.

 Additional Information

• Concave lens: It is a diverging lens that diverges the parallel beam of light.
• It can also gather light from all directions and project it as a parallel beam.
• The focal length of the concave lens is negative.
• It has a virtual focus from the diverging rays of light that seem to converge.

The correct answer is Arthropoda.

Key Points

• Cockroach belongs to phylum Arthropoda and class Insecta.
• It belongs to Arthropoda due to the presence of jointed appendages and Insecta class due to the presence of three body regions (head, thorax and abodomen) and six legs.
• Cockroaches are categorized by their jointed appendages, which are their legs, and tough exoskeletons.
• An exoskeleton is basically what it sounds like: an external skeleton.

Additional InformationNematoda: Nema means thread.

• They are thread-like worms.
• They have a complete alimentary canal with mouth and anus.
• Their sexes are separate, with prominent characteristics.
• The body is cylindrical and unsegmented.
• Eg: Ascaris, Wuchereria.

Annelida: Annulus means ring.

• They are basically Ringworms.
• They have metamerically segmented bodies (homologous).
• A special respiratory organ called Parapodia is present.
• Excretion through Nephridia.
• Eg: Hirudinaria, Lumbricina (Earthworm)

Mollusca: Soft-bodied.

• ​Bilaterally symmetrical.
• Respiration through Ctenidia.
• They excrete through the Kidney.
• Eg: Pila, Octopus, Snail.

The correct answer is SIDBI.

Key Points

• SIDBI organizations has launched "SHWAS" and "AROG" loan schemes for MSMEs in May 2021.
• The Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI), has launched two loan products for MSMEs to help them with the required financial support in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic.
• These two new quick credit delivery schemes will facilitate funding for production and services related to the supply of oxygen cylinders, oxygen concentrators, oximeters and essential drugs by MSMEs.
• The two new loan products are:
• SHWAS – SIDBI assistance to Healthcare sector in War Against Second wave of COVID19.
• AROG – SIDBI Assistance to MSMEs for Recovery & Organic Growth during COVID19 pandemic.
• The schemes are devised under the guidance of the Government of India (GoI) which facilitates funding for production and services related to the supply of oxygen cylinders, oxygen concentrators, oximeters and essential drugs.

Additional Information NABARD

• NABARD refers to the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development.
• NABARD was formed on the recommendation of the committee formed on 30 March 1979, under the Chairmanship of Shri B. Sivaraman.
• It came into existence on 12 July 1982 by transferring the agricultural credit functions of RBI and refinance functions of the then Agricultural Refinance and Development Corporation (ARDC).
• NABARD today is fully owned by the Government of India.

 RBI

• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is India's central bank and regulatory body and is responsible for the issue and supply of the Indian rupee and the regulation of the Indian banking system.
• The Reserve Bank of India was nationalised with effect from 1^st January, 1949 on the basis of the Reserve Bank of India (Transfer to Public Ownership) Act, 1948.
• Currently, Shaktikanta Das serving as the 25^th governor of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).

The correct answer is India.

Key Points

• The headquarters of the International Solar Alliance is located in India.
• In January 2016, Prime Minister Narendra Modi, and the French President François Hollande jointly laid the foundation stone of the ISA Headquarters and inaugurated the interim Secretariat at the National Institute of Solar Energy (NISE) in Gwalpahari, Gurugram, India.

Additional Information  International Solar Alliance 

• The International Solar Alliance (ISA) is an action-oriented, member-driven, collaborative platform for increased deployment of solar energy technologies.
• A total of 106 countries have signed the ISA Framework Agreement.
• Out of 106 nations, 86 have signed and ratified the ISA Framework Agreement.
• All member states of the United Nations are eligible to join the ISA.
• The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) has granted Observer Status to the International Solar Alliance (ISA).

The correct answer is Unemployment.

Key Points

• Unemployment  is not a process of population change.
• Population change:
• Population change, defined generally, is the difference in the size of a population between the end and the beginning of a given time period (usually one year).
• The main components of population change are births, deaths, and migration.
• “Natural increase” is defined as the difference between live births and deaths.
• “Net migration” is defined as the difference between the number of people moving into an area and the number of people moving out.
• The population change is calculated by the formula -- [Population change = (Births + Immigration) – (Deaths + Emigration)]

Given:

Formula Used:

Discount = Marked price - Selling Price

Calculation:

Average discount per item = Total Sum of all discounts/No. of items

⇒ 1850/8

⇒ 231.25

∴ The average discount per item is Rs. 231.25.

Formula Used:

No. of days = Total work/Total Efficiency

Calculation:

Let the total work = W units

Let the efficiency of Ashu = x unit/day

Let the efficiency of Sonia = y unit/day

Both can complete the task in 20 days, So

⇒ W/(x + y) = 20

⇒ W = 20x + 20y   -----eq.(1)

If Ashu works at four times his efficiency and Sonia works at half of her efficiency, then

⇒ W/(4x + y/2) = 12

⇒ W = 48x + 6y     ------eq.(2)

From eq.(1) and (2) -

⇒ 20x + 20y = 48x + 6y

⇒ 28x = 14y

⇒ y = 2x ⇒ x = y/2

Total Work (W) =  20x + 40x = 60x (OR) 30y

No. of days taken by Ashu to complete work = W/x

⇒ 60x/x = 60 days

No. of days taken by Sonia to complete work = W/y

⇒ 30y/y = 30 days

∴  Ashu and Sonia alone can complete the work in 60 days and 30 days respectively.

Given:

(246 + 44)2 − (246 − 144)2

Formula Used:

a² - b² = (a + b)(a - b)

Calculation:

(246 + 44)2 − (246 − 144)2

⇒ (290)²- (102)² 

⇒ (290 + 102)(290 - 102)

⇒ 392 x 188

∴ (246 + 44)2 − (246 − 144)2 = 392 x 188 is correct answer.

Given:

10% of 20% of 5/2 of 2200

Formula Used:

A% = A/100

Calculation:

⇒ 10% of 20% of 5/2 of 2200

⇒ 10/100 x  20/100 x  5/2 x 2200

⇒ 1/10 x 2/10 x 5 x 1100

⇒ 2/100 x 5 x 1100

⇒ 2 x 5 x 11

⇒ 110

∴  10% of 20% of 5/2 of 2200 = 110 is correct answer.

Given:

Formula Used:

Average = Sum of all observations/total number of observations

Calculation:

I) The average sale of company C per year :-

Average = Sum of all observations/total number of observations

⇒ (175 + 150 + 125)/3

⇒ 450/3

⇒ 150

II) The ratio of sales of company A in year Y2 and sales of company A in year Y3 :-

Sales of company A in year Y2 : sales of company A in year Y3 =

⇒ 180 : 200

⇒ 9 : 10

∴ both I and II are correct.

Given:

a = 4 + 3√5, b = 4 − 3√5

Formula Used:

(a + b)² = a² + b² + 2ab

(a - b)2 = a2 + b2 - 2ab

Calculation:

a = 4 + 3√5,

b = 4 − 3√5

a2 + b2 

⇒ (4 + 3√5)² + (4 - 3√5)²

⇒ (42 + 3√52 + 2 x 4 x 3√5) + (42 + 3√52 - 2 x 4 x 3√5)

⇒ 16 + 45 + 24√5 + 16 + 45 - 24√5

⇒ 32 + 90

⇒ 122

∴  a² + b² is equal to 122.

Given:

Speed of the train = 60 kmph

Length of train = 500 meters

Formula Used:

Time taken by train to cross a pole = Length of train/Speed of train

Calculation:

Speed of train = 60kmph = 60 x 5/18 = 50/3 m/sec

Time taken by train to cross a pole = Length of train/Speed of train

⇒ 500/(50/3)

⇒ (500 x 3)/50

⇒ 10 x 3 

⇒ 30 sec

∴ Time taken by the train to cross a pole is 30 seconds.

Shortcut Trick

K starts at 8:45 am. By 9:45 am (1 hr), K covers 36 km.

Remaining distance at 9:45 am = 228 − 36 = 192 km.

Relative speed = 36 + 12 = 48 km/hr.

Time to meet = 192 ÷ 48 = 4 hours.

Meeting time = 9:45 am + 4 hours = 1:45 p.m.

∴ The correct answer is 1:45 p.m.

Alternate Method

Given: Total distance = 228 km. Speed of K = 36 km/hr. Speed of L = 12 km/hr.

Formula Used: Distance = Speed × Time | Relative Speed (opposite direction) = S₁ + S₂

⇒ K starts walking 60 mins after 7:45 am → Start time of K = 8:45 am.

⇒ Distance covered by K from 8:45 am to 9:45 am = 36 km/hr × 1 hr = 36 km.

⇒ Remaining distance at 9:45 am = 228 − 36 = 192 km.

⇒ Relative speed of K and L = 36 + 12 = 48 km/hr.

⇒ Time taken to meet = 192 ÷ 48 = 4 hours.

⇒ Meeting time = 9:45 am + 4 hours = 1:45 p.m.

∴ The correct answer is 1:45 p.m.

Additional Information

Relative Speed

When two objects move in opposite directions, their relative speed is the sum of their individual speeds (S₁ + S₂).

Meeting Time Calculation

Meeting Time = (Initial Distance between them when both are moving) ÷ (Relative Speed).

Time-Distance Relation

Distance = Speed × Time. Ensure all units are consistent (km and km/hr or m and m/s).

Given:

The ratio of income of Anil and Vikas is 8 ∶ 5

Calculation:

The ratio of income of Anil and Vikas is 8 ∶ 5

Difference of salaries = 8 - 5 = 3 units = Rs.3000

⇒ 1unit = 3000/3 = 1000

Total salary of Anil and Vikas = 8 + 5 = 13 units = 13 x 1000  

⇒ Rs.13000

∴ Total salary of Anil and Vikas is Rs.13000.

Shortcut Trick

Use the direct formula for percentage increase in consumption when expenditure is constant:

Increase % = [r ÷ (100 − r)] × 100

Where r = 25% (decrease in price).

⇒ Increase % = [25 ÷ (100 − 25)] × 100 = [25 ÷ 75] × 100

⇒ Increase % = 1/3 × 100 = 33.33%

∴ The correct answer is 33.33 percent.

Alternate Method

Given: Decrease in Price = 25%

Formula Used: Expenditure = Price × Consumption

⇒ Let the Initial Price be 100 and Initial Consumption be 100.

⇒ Initial Expenditure = 100 × 100 = 10,000

⇒ New Price = 100 − 25% of 100 = 75

⇒ Since Expenditure remains same, New Consumption = 10,000 ÷ 75

⇒ New Consumption = 400/3 ≈ 133.33

⇒ Percentage Increase = [(133.33 − 100) ÷ 100] × 100

⇒ Percentage Increase = 33.33%

∴ The correct answer is 33.33 percent.

Additional Information

Inverse Proportion Rule

When the product of two variables is constant (Price × Consumption = Constant), they are inversely proportional. If one decreases by 1/n, the other must increase by 1/(n−1).

Successive Percentage Change

If a value changes by a% and then by b%, the net change is [a + b + (ab/100)]%. For constant expenditure, the net change is 0%.

Fractional Conversion

25% decrease = 1/4 decrease. To compensate, increase required = 1/(4−1) = 1/3 = 33.33%.

Given:

$\frac{\sqrt{7}+\sqrt{63}+2\sqrt{14}}{\sqrt{28}+2\sqrt{112}−\sqrt{63}}$

Calculation:

$\frac{\sqrt{7}+\sqrt{63}+2\sqrt{14}}{\sqrt{28}+2\sqrt{112}−\sqrt{63}}$

⇒ $\frac{\sqrt{7}+3\sqrt{7}+2\sqrt{14}}{2\sqrt{7}+2\times4\sqrt{7}−3\sqrt{7}}$

⇒ $\frac{\sqrt{7}(1+3+2\sqrt{2})}{\sqrt{7}(2+8−3)}$

⇒ $\frac{4+2\sqrt{2}}{7}$

Formula Used:

Total surface area of sphere = 4πr²

Area of rectangle = l x b

Diagonal of rectangle = $√{l^2+b^2}$ 

Calculation:

Case - 1) The radius of a sphere is 70 cm. The total surface area of the sphere :-

⇒ 4πr2 

⇒ 4 x 22/7 x 70 x 70

⇒ 4 x 22 x 10 x 70

⇒ 61600 cm²

Case - 2) The length of the diagonal of a rectangle is 10√13 cm. If the length of the rectangle is 30 cm, then the area of this rectangle :-

⇒ √(l² + b²) = 10√13

⇒ l2 + b2 = 100 x 13

⇒ 900 + b² = 1300

⇒ b² = 1300 - 900

⇒ b = √400 = 20 cm

Area of rectangle = l x b

⇒ 30 x 20

⇒ 600 cm²

∴ both I and II are correct.

Given:

Given numbers are = 18/5 and 24/25

Formula used:

HCF of fractions = (HCF of the numerators)/(LCM of the denominators)

Calculation:

⇒ 18 =  2 × 3 × 3 

⇒ 24 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3

HCF of numerators = HCF(18, 24) = 6

LCM of denominators = LCM(5, 25) = 25

So, HCF of fractions = 6/25

∴  HCF of 18/5 and 24/25 is 6/25.

Given:

Formula Used:

Average = sum of all observations/total number of observations

Calculation:

J1 = Average production of tea per year by S2 = 240/6 = 40

J2 = Sum of production of tea by S1 in all the years = 215

J2 - J1 = 215 - 40 = 175

∴ The value of J2 - J1 = 175

Given:

Cost price = Rs. 6000

Selling Price = Rs. 5500

Formula Used:

Loss% = (CP - SP)/CP x 100%

Calculation:

Loss% = (CP - SP)/CP x 100%

⇒ (6000 - 5500)/6000 x  100%

⇒ 500/6000 x 100%

⇒ 50/6%

⇒ 8.33%

∴ Loss% is 8.33.

Given:

The difference between the average of p and q, and the average of q and r is 15.5

Formula Used:

Average = sum of observations/total number of observations

Calculation:

Average(p, q) - Average(q, r) = 15.5

(p + q)/2 - (q + r)/2 = 15.5

(p + q - q - r)2 = 15.5

p - r = 31

∴ The difference between p and r is 31.

Given:

a ∶ b = 3 ∶ 2

Formula Used:

Componendo-dividendo rule -

If P/Q = R/S then (P + Q)/(P - Q) = (R + S)/(R - S)

Calculation:

a ∶ b = 3 ∶ 2

⇒ 3a : 2b = 9 : 4

⇒ (3a + 2b) ∶ (3a − 2b) = (9 + 4) : (9 - 4)

⇒ 13 : 5

∴  (3a + 2b) ∶ (3a − 2b) = 13 : 5

Given:

(0.5)2 + (0.05)2

Calculation:

(0.5)2 + (0.05)2

⇒ 0.25 + 0.0025

⇒ 0.2525

∴ (0.5)2 + (0.05)2 = 0.2525 is correct answer.

Given:

Area of a circle = 88 cm2.

Formula Used:

Area of circle = πr²  

Calculation:

⇒  7 x πr2 = 88

⇒ πr2 = 88/7

⇒ 22/7 x r2 = 88/7

⇒ r2 = 88/7 x 7/22

⇒ r2 = 4

⇒ r = 2 cm 

∴ The radius of this circle is 2 cm.

Given:

Amount = Rs. 3600

Time = 5 years

Rate = 10%

Formula Used:

Principal = Amount - SI

SI = PRT/100

Calculation:

SI = PRT/100

⇒ SI = P x 10 x 5/100

⇒ SI = 50P/100

⇒ SI = P/2

Now, 

Principal = Amount - SI

⇒ P = 3600 - SI

⇒ P = 3600 - P/2

⇒ P + P/2 = 3600

⇒ 3P/2 = 3600

⇒ P = 3600 x 2/3

⇒ P = 1200 x 2

⇒ P = 2400

∴ The Sum is Rs. 2400.

The correct answer is "An important person".

Key Points 

• Let's look at the meaning of the given word.
• A big wig means "an important person (प्रभावशाली व्यक्ति; महत्वपूर्ण आदमी)".
• ​Example: The story revolves around a group of teenage boys who mistakenly kidnap the son of a bigwig.
• ​​​From the above lines, we can say that "An important person" is the correct idiom/phrase for the given word.
• All the options are eliminated because of this reason.

Hence, option 4 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is "Immediate".

Key Points 

• Immediate is the correctly spelt word.
• Immediate means 'happening or done without delay (तुरंत होने या किया जाने वाला, तत्‍काल संपन्‍न; अविलंब)'.
• ​Example: The spokesman said no decision on the proposal was likely to be made in the immediate future.
• The spelling of other options is incorrect.

Hence, option 2 is the correct answer.

Additional Information 

• The synonyms of the word 'Immediate' are instant, sudden, abrupt, hasty, and hurried.
• The antonyms of the word 'Immediate' are delayed, gradual, and slow.

The correct option is "Option 1".

Key Points 

• The error lies in option 1 of the sentence.
• Here, we can use "is" in place of "are" to make the sentence grammatically correct.
• If a "collective noun" is used as a single unit then it is a singular collective noun and we use a singular verb with it and if a "collective noun" is used as a different unit then it is a plural collective noun.

1. ​Example: The committee is strong enough to take a crucial decision.
2. ​Example: The committee are fighting among themselves.

• In the given sentence "committee" is a singular collective noun and we use the singular verb "is" with it in place of "are" to make the sentence grammatically correct.
• All the other options are correct.

Hence, option 1 is the correct option.

Correct sentence: A committee is to(1)/ be formed(2)/ of twenty-five barons (3)/.No error (4).

The correct option is "2".

Key Points 

• The error lies in option 3 of the sentence.
• Here, we can use "their" in place of "its" to make the sentence grammatically correct.
• 'Its' is singular, and 'their' is plural. So, the basic rule is to use 'its' with singular nouns or singular units and 'their' with plural nouns or plural units.
• "Its" is the possessive form of "it" and denotes ownership of or belonging to.
• Example: The elephant is in its zoo.
• "Their" is the possessive form of the pronoun "they". Often followed by a noun, "their" indicates ownership and describes something owned by one or more persons.
• Example: We're their neighbors.
• In the given sentence "employees" is a plural noun so we need a possessive pronoun which is plural that is shown by "their" and not by "its".
• So, we can use the plural pronoun "their" in place of the singular pronoun "its" to make the sentence grammatically correct.
• All the other options are correct.

Hence, option 3 is the correct option.

Correct sentence: *The reality is that employees go (1)/ **out of their way to avoid (2)/*complaining to HR about harassment (3)/. No error (4)

The correct answer is "Search".

Key Points 

• Hunt means ​'to try to find or search somebody/something (व्‍यक्ति या वस्‍तु का पता लगाने की कोशिश करना)'.
• ​Example: I'll try and hunt out the information Diksha needs.
• Search means ​'an act of trying to find somebody/something, especially by looking carefully for him/her/it (किसी की तलाश विशेषतः बारीकी से जाँच कर)'.
• ​Example: Bad weather is hampering the search for survivors.
• The word 'Hunt' best expresses the same meaning as the given word 'Search'.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 4.

Additional Information 

• Glance means to look quickly at somebody/something (किसी व्‍यक्ति या वस्‍तु पर उड़ती नजर डालना).
• Pick means to choose somebody/something from a group of people or things (व्‍यक्तियों या वस्‍तुओं के समूह में से चुनना, चयन करना, छाँटना).
• Haste means speed in doing something, especially because one does not have enough time (जल्‍दी, शीघ्रता).

The correct option is "Option 1".

Key Points 

• There: "There" is commonly used to introduce sentences or to indicate where something is. It tells about the place or location or position.
• Example: Lalit will be there soon.
• In the given sentence we need "there" in both underlined segments.
• In the first segment "there" shows place or location whereas in the second segment "there" is used to indicate where something is.
• There is no need for any possessive form in both segments. Therefore the options that contain "their" are eliminated.
• All the other options are eliminated except option 1.

Hence, option 1 is the correct option.

Correct sentence: He met her there. There was a bicycle stand nearby.

Additional Information 

• Their: "Their" is the possessive form of the pronoun "they". Often followed by a noun, "their" indicates ownership and describes something owned by one or more persons. 'Their' is plural so the basic rule is to use 'their' with plural nouns or plural units.
• Example: We're their neighbors.

The correct answer is "dives into".

Key Points 

• In Subject-verb agreement, we use a singular verb with a singular noun or pronoun or do verb change as per the tense and a plural verb with a plural noun or pronoun.​
• Example: They have elected a new president.
• In the given sentence, "dives" are only singular verb which is shown in the underlined segment and also in option 3.
• "Driver" is a singular noun and we need only the singular verb "dives" with it.
• Also, eliminating one from both sentences through their preposition.
• Into: We use "into" to talk about the movement of something, usually with a verb that expresses movement (e.g. go, come). It shows where something is or was going.
• Example: Shelly’s going into the house.
• In the sentence, we understand that there is a movement that shows that the driver dives into the pool having some movement and there is no relation that something is within a larger area so we use "into" in place of "in" to make the sentence grammatically and contextually correct.

Hence, option 3 is the correct answer.

Complete Sentence: The diver dives into the pool.

Additional Information 

• In: In is used for the community or the local area. We use "in" to talk about something or someone in relation to a larger area around someone or something.
• ​Example: Saniya has left her keys in the car.

The correct answer is "PSRQ".

Key Points 

• P will be the first sentence to start as it is an independent sentence and started with the subject "Romans" who we want to talk about. All the other points are eliminated because they don't contain a subject that starts the sentence.
• S will be after P as it continues the further information about the Romans and what they adapted is written in S which tells us that the Romans adapted the alphabet from the Etruscans.
• R will be after S as it continues by completing a phrase "in turn" and also continues by telling us that Etruscans had adapted the alphabet from another country.
• Q will be after R and is the last one as it further adds the information that Etruscans had adapted the alphabet from another country and the name of the country is Italy through its Greek colonies.

Hence, the correct arrangement is "PSRQ".

Correct Order

P: The Romans borrowed and adapted

S: the alphabet from the Etruscans, who in

R: turn had borrowed and adapted it

Q: from the Greek colonies of Italy

Complete Sentence: The Romans borrowed and adapted the alphabet from the Etruscans, who in turn had borrowed and adapted it from the Greek colonies of Italy.

The correct answer is "Now and then".

Key Points 

• Let's look at the meaning of the given word.
• Ever and anon means "now and then; occasionally (अब और तब; कभी-कभी)".
• ​Example: Samarth glanced ever and anon at the sky.
• ​​From the above lines, we can say that "Now and then" is the correct meaning of the given Idiom/Phrase.

​​​​​​Hence, option 2 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is "Accurate".

Key Points 

• Distort means ​'to change something and show it falsely (तोड़-मरोड़कर पेश करना)'.
• ​Example: Many people in organizations have the power to delay or distort developments.
• Marked option 'Accurate' means ​'accurate and correct; without mistakes (यथार्थ और सही; त्रुटिहीन)'.
• ​Example: The police are trying to obtain a more accurate picture of crime levels.
• The word 'Accurate' best expresses the opposite meaning as the given word 'Distort'.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 2.

Additional Information 

• Wry means expressing both disappointment and amusement (जिसमें निराशा के साथ विनोद का भाव भी हो).
• Beguile means charm or enchant someone, often in a deceptive way (किसी को आकर्षित करना या मुग्ध करना, अक्सर भ्रामक तरीके से).
• Slant means a way of thinking, writing, etc. about something, that sees things from a particular point of view (विशेष दृष्टिकोण से सोचने, लिखने आदि का ढंग; दृष्टिकोण-विशेष).

The correct answer is "SPQR".

Key Points 

• S will be the first sentence to start as it continues the sentence after "several examples of".
• P will be after S as it continues the further information about film noir in which in S Dmytryk’s Cornered is given and in P George Marshall’s The Blue Dahlia is given which share something.
• Q will be after P as it continues the information about something which is been shared i.e. Dmytryk’s Cornered or George Marshall’s The Blue Dahlia share storyline of a war veteran who returns home to find something.
• R will be after Q and is the last one as it concludes by telling us that a war veteran returns home and finds that the way of life for which he is fighting no longer exists.

Hence, the correct arrangement is "SPQR".

Correct Order

Several examples of

S: film noir, such as Dmytryk’s Cornered or

P: George Marshall’s The Blue Dahlia share the common

Q: story line of a war veteran who returns home to find that the

R: way of life for which he has been fighting no longer exists

Complete Sentence: Several examples of film noir, such as Dmytryk’s Cornered or George Marshall’s The Blue Dahlia share the common story line of a war veteran who returns home to find that the way of life for which he has been fighting no longer exists.

The correct answer is "robust".

Key Points 

• Robust means ​'strong and healthy (तगड़ा और स्‍वस्‍थ)'.
• ​​Example: The economy is robust and the stock market has reached unprecedented heights in recent weeks.
• All the other options are negative in meaning as the context of the sentence is positive through the word "praised" which is only shown by "robust".
• So, all the other options are eliminated because of this reason.

​​​​​​Hence, option 3 is the correct answer. 

Complete Sentence: The manager praised his subordinates for their robust energy at work.

Additional Information 

• Slow means moving, doing something or happening without much speed; not fast (कोई काम तेजी या वेग से नहीं करना, मंद).
• Sunken means below the water (पानी में डूबा हुआ; जलमग्‍न).
• Abate means to become less strong; to make something less strong (प्रकोप या प्रभाव का कम हो जाना या कम करना; धीमा होना).

The correct answer is "Committed".

Key Points 

• Committed is the correctly spelt word.
• Committed means 'prepared to give a lot of one's time and attention to something because one believes it is right or important (किसी उचित या महत्वपूर्ण लगने वाले कार्य में संलग्‍न, प्रतिबद्ध)'.
• ​Example: *The government is committed to housing the refugees.*​
• The spelling of other options is incorrect.

Hence, option 4 is the correct answer.

Additional Information 

• The synonyms of the word 'Committed' are passionate, dedicated, and devoted.
• The antonyms of the word 'Committed' are breached, denial, and refusal.

The correct answer is "Knell".

Key Points 

Let's look at the meanings of the given words:

• Knell means "the sound of a bell, especially when rung solemnly for a death or funeral (घंटी की आवाज, खासकर जब किसी मृत्यु या संस्कार के लिए पूरी तरह से गाया है)".
• ​Example: The arrival of large supermarkets sounded the death knell of many small local shops.
• From the above explanation, it can be concluded that 'Knell' is the correct word to substitute for the given description.

Hence, option 2 is the correct answer.

Additional Information 

• Call means to say something loudly or to shout in order to attract attention (ऊँची आवाज में बुलाना, पुकारना, चिल्‍लाना प्रायः ध्यान आकर्षित करने के लिए).
• Peal means the loud ringing of a bell or bells (घंटे-घंटियों की जोरदार बजने की ध्वनि).
• Chime means used about a bell or clock to ring (घंटी या घड़ी का बजना).

The correct answer is "for".

Key Points 

• For: We use for to talk about a purpose or a reason for something. We use "for" with a period of time in the past, present, or future.
• Example: Rishabh has waited at the station for nine hours.
• In the given sentence, "reason" is shown which makes a critical implication for Emperor Penguins which can only be shown by "for".
• All the options are eliminated because of this reason.

Hence, option 2 is the correct answer. 

Complete Sentence: Curbing carbon dioxide emissions has critical implications for Emperor Penguins.

Additional Information 

• Off: Off is usually used as an adverb or a preposition. In both cases, it indicates separation or disconnection. It is also used to refer to something away from a place or position, especially the present place, position, or time.

1. Example: One of my buttons has come off.
2. Example: Lata is off to Canada next week.

• At: At is a preposition used to refer to time or place. It is used for a specific address or general location. 
• Example: Deepa met Carrey at a party.
• Of: It is a preposition that indicates relationships between other words, such as belonging, things made of other things, things that contain other things, or a point of reckoning. It is used to indicate a reference.
• Example: Sahil is a coworker of mine.

The correct answer is "Which treatment is need to be followed for Parkinson disease?"

Key Points 

• Let's refer to the following lines from the passage:
• ​'Various types of the disorder are recognized, but the disease described by Parkinson, called Parkinson disease, is the most common form. Parkinson disease is also called primary parkinsonism, paralysis agitans, or idiopathic parkinsonism, meaning the disease has no identifiable cause. This distinguishes it from secondary parkinsonism, a group of disorders very similar in nature to Parkinson disease but that arise from known or **identifiable causes.'**
• 'Dopamine functions in the brain as an inhibitor of nerve impulses and is involved in suppressing unintended movement. When dopamine-producing (dopaminergic) neurons are damaged or destroyed, dopamine levels drop and the normal signalling system is disrupted.'
• 'Parkinsonism was first described in 1817 by the British physician James Parkinson in his “Essay on the Shaking Palsy.”'
• Upon the perusal of the above lines, it is clear that all the other options are given in the passage but the question related to treatment that needs to be followed for Parkinson's disease is not answered in the given passage.​

Hence, option 3 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is "Both I and II".

Key Points

• Let's refer to the following line from the passage:
• **​'**The onset of Parkinson disease typically occurs between the ages of 60 and 70, although it can occur before the age of 40.'
• Upon the perusal of the above line, it is clear that both options are correct which tells that the beginning of Parkinson's disease normally occurs between the ages of 60 and 70 but it can occur before the age of 40.
• All other options are eliminated because they either contain one option or say both options are false.

Hence, option 1 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is "Debase".

Key Points 

• Degenerate means ​'to become worse, lower in quality, etc. (किसी स्थिति में गिरावट आना)'.
• ​Example: Educational standards are degenerating year by year because of a lack of funds.
• Debase means ​'to reduce the quality or value of something (गुणवत्ता या महत्व कम कर देना)'.
• ​Example: Our society has been debased by war and corruption.
• The word 'Debase' best expresses the same meaning as the given word 'Degenerate'.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 3.

Additional Information 

• Moral means concerned with what is right and wrong (उचित-अनुचित से संबंधित; नैतिक).
• Retrospect means a survey or review of a past course of events or period of time (घटनाओं या समय की अवधि के पिछले पाठ्यक्रम का सर्वेक्षण या समीक्षा).
• Improve means to become or to make something better (किसी स्थिति का बेहतर होना या उसे बेहतर, सुधरना या सुधारना).

The correct answer is "Dopamine functions in the brain as an exhibitor of nerve impulses".

Key Points 

• Let's refer to the following lines from the passage:
• ​**'A variety of other features may accompany these characteristics, including a lack of facial expression (known as “masked face”), difficulty in swallowing or speaking, loss of balance, a shuffling gait, depression, and dementia.'**
• 'Parkinsonism, a group of chronic neurological disorders characterized by progressive loss of motor function resulting from the degeneration of neurons in the area of the brain that controls voluntary movement.'
• 'Parkinson disease is also called primary parkinsonism, paralysis agitans, or idiopathic parkinsonism, meaning the disease has no identifiable cause. This distinguishes it from secondary parkinsonism, a group of disorders very similar in nature to Parkinson disease but that arise from known or identifiable causes.'
• 'Dopamine functions in the brain as an inhibitor of nerve impulses and is involved in suppressing the unintended movement.'
• Upon the perusal of the above lines, it is clear that all three points are correct in the passage but as described in point 4 the point written in option 1 is wrong as it is clearly written in the passage that dopamine functions in the brain as an inhibitor of nerve impulses and not as an exhibitor. So, it is not true.

​Hence, option 1 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is "Analytical**".**

Key Points 

• ​The passage is analytical in nature.
• An analytical passage aims to analyze and interpret a specific topic or concept.
• The given passage  provides detailed information about Parkinsonism - its history, characteristic symptoms, potential causes, and the underlying neurological changes that occur in the disease.
• While it does mention the need for careful supervision due to the delayed physiological effects, its primary focus is on explaining the condition, rather than warning about potential dangers or impacts.

Hence, option 4 is the correct answer.

Additional Information 

• Pessimistic: A pessimistic tone reflects a negative view of the situation or a belief that the situation will not improve. Pessimism is not realism, but writers can use this tone when they have negative feelings about writing or when they want to reflect a perspective that sees things negatively.
• ​Example: Disha was diagnosed with cancer and her cat ​​passed away. She doesn't think anything will get better anytime soon.
• Sarcastic: A sarcastic person says or does the opposite of what it really means to ridicule or offend someone. This tone is called a sarcastic tone.
• Example: The customer service of the company is so good that each and every time delay in delivery always happens.
• Cautionary: An analytical passage is a type of paragraph that aims to analyze and interpret a specific topic or concept.

अपनी नींद सोना अपनी नींद उठना मुहावरे का अर्थ है किसी बात की चिन्ता न करना।

Key Points

• मुहावरा - अपनी नींद सोना अपनी नींद उठना।
• अर्थ - किसी बात की चिन्ता न करना।
• वाक्य प्रयोग - राम आजकल अपनी नीद सोता है और अपनी नीद उठता है।

Additional Information

• मुहावरा की परिभाषा - किसी भाषा की अभिव्यंजना के विशिष्ट रूप को मुहावरा कहते है यह वाक्यांश होते है।

रामू राजू और वीरेन्द्र घूमने गए  वाक्य में (।) विराम चिह्न का उपयोग किया जाएगा।

Key Points

• विराम चिह्न - वाक्य को लिखते अथवा पढ़ते समय विराम को प्रकट करने के लिए लगाये जाने वाले चिह्नों को विराम चिह्न कहते है।
• उदाहरण - रामू राजू और वीरेन्द्र घूमने गए।

Additional Informationअन्य उदाहरण -

तुम्हारा यह कार्य प्रशंसा के योग्य हैं।निम्नलिखित वाक्यांश के लिए उचित शब्द प्रशंसनीय है।

Key Points

• वाक्यांश के लिए एक शब्द - अनेक शब्दों के लिए एक शब्द होना।
• उदाहरण - जिसका जन्म बाद में हुआ हो - अनुज

Additional Informationअन्य उदाहरण -

अवगत ∶ अविगत शब्द युग्म का सही शब्द युग्म विदित : अव्यक्त  है। 

Key Points

• समरूप भिन्नार्थक शब्द - जो शब्द सुनने में एक जैसे लगते है किन्तु उनका अर्थ अलग अलग होता है।
• उदाहरण -नियति - नियत : भाग्य - निर्धारित

Additional Informationअन्य उदाहरण -

श्रीमती शब्द का बहुवचन श्रीमतियाँ है।

Key Points

• बहुवचन शब्द - शब्द के जिस रूप से एक या एक से अधिक वस्तुओ या व्यक्तियों का बोध होता है।
• उदाहरण - अक्षत, आँसू, दर्शन, बच्चे आदि।

Additional Information