DSSSB PGT Biology (Female) Official Paper (Held On: 16 Jul, 2021 Shift 1) (Previous Year Paper)

The logic follows here is:

The numbers are the squares of consecutive numbers starting from 4.

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Hence, the correct answer is "U6.4Q".

The logic follows here is:

Given: T _ _ K _ O _ T T _ _ K _ _ R _

Let us divide the above pattern into groups consisting of 3 alphabets each then we have:

T _ _ K /  _ O _ T / T _ _ K / _ _ R _

On checking each option:

1) OOKRRRKOT 

→ T O O K /K O R T/ T R R K/ K O R T

2) ORORORKOR 

→ T O R K/ O O R T/ T O R K /K O R R

3) ORKKRRKOT 

→ T O R K/ K O K T/ T R R K /K O R T

4) ORKRORKOT

→ T O R K / K O R T / T O R K / K O R T

It follows the pattern.

Hence, the correct answer is "ORKRORKOT".

The logic follows here is:

Autopsy, Biopsy, and Necropsy are the procedure to remove any tissue from the body for examination.

While,

Leprosy is a chronic bacterial infection.

Thus, 'Leprosy ' is different from others.

Hence, the correct answer is "Leprosy".

The logic follows here is:

• Knowledge : Awareness

→ Knowledge of something spreads awareness about it.

Similalry,

• Bacteria : disease

→ Bacteria spreads disease.

Hence, the correct answer is "Bacteria : disease".

The logic follows here is:

• ROME : VROF

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similarly,

• TURN : XXTO

​

Hence, the correct answer is "XXTO".

The logic follows here is:

• **'INTESTINE' is written as 'TNITSEENI'.**​

similarly,

• 'FREQUENCY' be written as

Hence, the correct answer is "ERFEUQYCN".

The logic follows here is:

4 girls (G1, G2, G3, G4) and 3 boys (B1, B2, B3) are to sit for a dinner such that no two boys should sit together nor two girls. If they are sitting successively in this order, then the arrangement will be:

Thus, the positions of B2 and G3 are 4th and 5th respectively.

Hence, the correct answer is "4th and 5th".

Preparing the family tree by using the following symbols:

• Q is the father - in - law of U's mother.

• D is the father of U.

• D has a sister, whose mother is T.

• Q has only one daughter who is R.

• P is the only brother of G who is the sister-in-law of R.

Clearly, G is wife of D.

Hence, the correct answer is "Wife".

Statements :

No place is peace.

Some peace is plate. 

The least possible diagram for the given statements is as follows:

option 1) Some peace is plate.→ True (Because 'Some peace is plate', so it is possible)

option 2) Some plate is place → False (Because there is no direct relationship between plate and place, so it is possible but not definite)

option 3) All place is plates → False (Because there is no direct relationship between plate and place, so it is possible but not definite)

option 4) Some place is plate → False (Because there is no direct relationship between plate and place, so it is possible but not definite)

Hence, the correct answer is "option (1)".

Statements :

All Strong are weak.

Some weak are Tigers.

All Tigers are Sharp.

The least possible diagram for the given statements is as follows:

I. Some Strong are Sharp.→ False (Because there is no direct relationship between Strong and Sharp, so it is possible but not definite)

II. No Strong is Sharp. → False (Because there is no direct relationship between Strong and Sharp, so it is possible but not definite)

Conclusion I and II form a complementary pair and both of them are false. Thus, this is the case of either and or.

Hence, the correct answer is "Either I or II follows ".

Additional Information

Conditions of "Either nd or" Case 

The conclusions should have complementary pair. 

 Both conclusions should be false.

The conclusion should be in 'Some and No' form or 'All and Some not'.

Hence, the correct answer is "If either conclusion I or II follows".

Given statement: R > S > T; R > F > B.

On combining:  B < F < R > S > T

Conclusions :

I. B > S → FALSE (as  B < F < R > S > T → clear relationship between B and S cannot be determined).

II. F < T →  FALSE (as B < F < R > S > T →  clear relationship between F and T cannot be determined).

Hence, the correct answer is "Neither I nor II is true".

Given equation: 16 ÷ 8 – 4 + 2 × 4 = ? 

Decoding the given information :

Now, replacing the sign from left to right and using BODMAS rule, we get :

New equation: 16 + 8 × 4 ÷ 2 – 4 = ? 

Calculation :

⇒ 16 + 8 × 4 ÷ 2 – 4

⇒ 16 + 8 × 2 – 4

⇒ 16 + 16 – 4

⇒ 32 – 4

⇒ 28

Hence, the correct answer is "28".

Logic: all the given numbers are prime number.

So, next number will be a prime number and after 13 next prime number is 17.

Hence, the next term is 17.

As per the given information,

 

The shaded part represents 'the people that play either Cricket or Hockey' → 35 + 10 + 5 + 20 + 40 + 15 = 125

Hence, the correct answer is "125".

As per the given information,

The possible venn diagram for 'Mirror, lens, spectacles' is:

• Lens is used in spectacles.
• Mirror is not related to both lens and spectacles.

Hence, the correct answer is "option (4)".

As per the given information,

Geeta starts walking in the north direction and after walking some distance she took a left turn followed by a right turn.

After that she took two consecutive left turns

 

Clearly, she is facing South direction.

Hence, the correct answer is "South".

The logic follows here is:

The first part of the figure has different shapes inherited in one another and in second part the number of sides of those figures increases by +1 in each successive shape.

• Figure A to B:

The first part of figure has two shapes a triangle and a square.

In second part the triangle converts into square and the square into pentagon.

Similarly,

• Figure B to C:

The first part of figure has two three shapes a rectangle, a pentagon and a hexagon.

In second part the rectangle will converts into pentagon, the pentagon will converts into hexagon and the hexagon will convert into septagon.

Thus, the final arrangement will be:

Hence, the correct answer is "option 3".

Given figure:

As per the given options:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

As per the given question:

The number of triangles in the given figures is:

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Thus, there are '5' triangles in the given figures.

Hence, the correct answer is "5".

The logic follows here is:

When the mirror is placed on the line AB, the left side and right side changed vice-versa where the top and bottom remain the same.

Thus, the correct mirror image of the given figure will be :

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Additional Information

In Mirror image left side and right side changed vice-versa where top and bottom remain the same.

Reflection of an object into the water is its water image. It appears by inverting an object vertically i.e. upside down.

The water image of the figure looks like mirror image of the figure in case the mirror is horizontally at the bottom of the figure.

Water image is just a reflection where top and bottom part of the images changed where left and right side of the image remain same.

The correct answer is Roopmati Mahal.

Key Points

• Amer Fort
• Amer Fort, also known as Amber Fort, is located in Amer, Rajasthan.
• It was built by Raja Man Singh in 1592.
• It is declared as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
• Amer Palace is a great example of Rajput architecture. Some of its buildings and works influence Mughal architecture.
• Constructed of red sandstone and marble, the attractive, opulent palace is laid out on four levels, each with a courtyard.
• It consists of the Diwan-e-Aam, or "Hall of Public Audience", the Diwan-e-Khas, or "Hall of Private Audience", the Sheesh Mahal (mirror palace), or Jai Mandir, and the Sukh Niwas where a cool climate is artificially created by winds that blow over a water cascade within the palace.
• Roopmati Mahal
• Roopmati Mahal is a historical monument located in Mandu, Madhya Pradesh, India.
• It was built by Sultan Baz Bahadur for his wife, Rani Roopmati, in the 16th century.
• The palace is known for its beautiful architecture and its tragic love story.
• Hence, Roopmati Mahal is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Bengali

Key Points

• National Anthem
• The song Jana-Gana-mana, composed originally in Bengali by Rabindranath Tagore, was adopted in its Hindi version by the Constituent Assembly as the National Anthem of India on 24 January 1950.
• Rabindranath Tagore had published it in ‘Tatvabodhini’ in 1912 with the title ‘Bharat Bhagya Vidhata’ and translated it into English in 1919 with the title ‘Morning song of India’.
• The credit of composing the present tune (music) of our national anthem goes to Captain Ram Singh Thakur (an I.N.A. sepoy).
• The "Jana Gana Mana" was first publicly sung on 27 December 1911 at the Calcutta Session of the Indian National Congress.
• It was originally composed as "Bharoto Bhagyo Bidhata" by Rabindranath Tagore in Bengali.
• The first stanza of the song "Bharoto Bhagyo Bidhata" was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India as the National Anthem.
• The first stanza of the song "Bharoto Bhagyo Bidhata" was adopted on 24 January 1950.
• A formal rendition of the national anthem takes almost 52 seconds.

Additional Information

• Rabindranath Tagore 
• Rabindranath Tagore was received Noble Prize in Literature in 1913.
• He was the author of "Gitanjali".
• Tagore's compositions were chosen by two nations as national anthems:-
• India's "Jana Gana Mana".
• Bangladesh's "Amar Shonar Bangla".

The correct answer is Odissi.

Key Points

• Kelucharan Mohapatra is a renowned Indian classical dancer and choreographer who is primarily associated with the dance form of Odissi.
• He is considered as one of the pioneers who revived and popularized Odissi dance in the 20th century.
• Kelucharan Mohapatra was born in 1926 in the state of Odisha and started his dance training at a young age under the guidance of his guru, Pankaj Charan Das.
• He has received several awards and honors for his contribution to the field of dance, including the Padma Vibhushan, the second-highest civilian award in India.
• Kathak, Chhau, and Manipuri are also prominent Indian classical dance forms, but they are not directly associated with Kelucharan Mohapatra.

 

Additional Information

• Kathak is a dance form that originated in northern India and is known for its intricate footwork and graceful movements.
• It has both Hindu and Islamic influences and is often performed to classical music.
• Chhau is a tribal dance form that is popular in the eastern states of India, particularly in Jharkhand, Odisha, and West Bengal.
• It involves elaborate costumes and masks and is often performed during festivals and religious ceremonies.
• Manipuri is a dance form that originated in the northeastern state of Manipur and is known for its fluid and graceful movements.
• It is often performed to classical music and has both Hindu and Buddhist influences.

The correct answer is Indira Gandhi

Key Points

Green Revolution in India:

• The term green revolution was first used by William Gaud and Norman Borlaug is the Father of the Green Revolution.
• After Independence, Indian policy-makers adopted all measures to achieve self-sufficiency in food grains.
• In the year 1965, the government of India launched the Green Revolution with the help of a geneticist, now known as the father of the Green revolution (India) M.S. Swaminathan.
• The movement of the green revolution was a great success and changed the country’s status from a food-deficient economy to one of the world’s leading agricultural nations.
• It started in 1967 and lasted till 1978.
• India adopted a new strategy in agriculture, which resulted in the 'Green Revolution', especially in the production of wheat and rice.
• Indira Gandhi, the then Prime Minister of India, officially recorded the impressive strides of the Green Revolution in agriculture by releasing a special stamp entitled 'Wheat Revolution' in July 1968.
• The success of wheat was later replicated in rice.

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Thus, to signify the achievements of the Green Revolution, a stamp was released by the then Prime Minister Mrs. Indira Gandhi entitled as ‘Wheat Revolution’ in July 1968.

The correct answer is Reserve Bank of India

Key Points 

• RBI is also known as the 'lender of the last resort'.
• The lender of the last resort is a term used to describe an institution that provides emergency funds to other financial institutions when they are facing a shortage of liquidity.
• This is usually done to prevent a financial crisis or a bank run.
• In India, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is the lender of the last resort.
• It has the authority to lend money to banks and other financial institutions in case of a crisis.
• The RBI also acts as the regulator of the banking system in India. It sets policies and guidelines for banks to follow, and monitors their performance to ensure that they are operating in a safe and sound manner.

 

Additional Information

• SEBI(Securities Exchange Board of India) is the regulator of the securities market in India. It does not have the authority to lend money to financial institutions.
• RRBs (Regional Rural Banks) are a type of bank that focuses on providing banking services to the rural population. They do not have the authority to act as the lender of the last resort.
• SBI (State Bank of India) is a public sector bank in India. While it is one of the largest banks in the country, it does not have the authority to act as the lender of the last resort.

The answer is Myopia

Key Points

• Short-sightedness also known as myopia is caused by the elongation of eyeballs.
• In this the person is able to see nearby objects clearly but objects placed far away are not clear.
• Another cause is said to be the excessive curvature of the eye lens.
• This defect can be corrected by using a concave lens of suitable power

Additional Information

• Far-sightedness is also called hypermetropia.
• In this, the person is able to see far away objects clearly but the nearby objects appear blurry.
• This defect arises either because the focal length of the eye lens is too long or the eyeball has become too small.
• This defect can be corrected by using a convex lens of appropriate power
• The retina is part inside our eye that acts as a screen for the light rays to intersect and form an image.
• Ciliary muscles are the ones responsible for the contraction and expansion of our eye lens.

The correct answer is Edward Jenner.

Key Points 

• Edward Jenner, an English physician, is credited with the discovery of the smallpox vaccine.
• In 1796, Jenner performed an experiment in which he inoculated a young boy with material from cowpox lesions.
• This process, known as vaccination (derived from the Latin word "vacca," meaning cow), provided immunity against smallpox.
• Jenner's groundbreaking work laid the foundation for modern immunology and vaccination practices, saving countless lives and leading to the eventual eradication of smallpox, which was declared by the World Health Organization in 1980.

Additional Information

• Alexander Fleming:
• Alexander Fleming was a Scottish biologist, pharmacologist, and botanist.
• He is best known for his accidental discovery of the antibiotic penicillin in 1928.
• Penicillin revolutionized medicine by providing an effective treatment for bacterial infections.
• Robert Koch:
• Robert Koch was a German physician and microbiologist.
• He is considered one of the founders of modern bacteriology and is known for his groundbreaking work on identifying the causative agents of various infectious diseases.
• Koch is famous for his discoveries of the bacteria that cause tuberculosis and cholera.
• Louis Pasteur:
• Louis Pasteur was a French biologist, microbiologist, and chemist.
• He is renowned for his contributions to the understanding of microbial fermentation, pasteurization, and the development of vaccines.
• Pasteur's work in vaccine development includes the rabies vaccine, which was a significant milestone in the prevention of rabies.

The Correct Answer is Rajasthan.

Key Points

• Rajasthan is the largest state of India.
• It covers an area of 342,239 sq. km and has a population of 6.85 crores as per the 2011 census.
• It accounts for 10.41% of the total country's area.

Additional Information

• Largest states of India (area wise-(Km2))-

1. Rajasthan- 342239
2. Madhya Pradesh- 308252
3. Maharashtra- 307713
4. Uttar Pradesh- 240928
5. Gujarat- 196244
6. Karnataka- 191791
7. Andhra Pradesh- 275045
8. Orissa- 155707
9. Chhattisgarh- 135192
10. Tamil Nadu - 130,060

The correct answer is Indus

Key Points

• Indus River:
• Indus River originates from a glacier near Bokhar Chu.
• In Tibet, it is known as Singi Khamban or Loin's Mouth.
• It arises at the height of 4,164mt in Kailash mountain ranges and flows down.
• It drains Tibet (China), India, and Pakistan.
• At last, the river falls into the Arabian Sea near Karachi (Pakistan).
• The length of the Indus is 3,180 km.
• Rigvedic name of Indus is Sindhu.
• Tributaries:
• Left Bank: Zanskar, Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas and Sutlej.
• Right bank: Shyok, Gilgit, Hunza, Kabul, Swat, Kurram.

Additional Information

The correct answer is 1757.

Key Points 

• The Battle of Plassey is regarded as a historic turning point for the British in India.
• It established the political and military supremacy of the British in Bengal.
• Battle of Plassey
• The Battle of Plassey was fought in 1757 in the Plassey (or Palashi) region of West Bengal, on the east of the Bhagirathi river.
• British East India Company, led by Robert Clive, won against the forces of Siraj-ud-Daulah, the last independent Nawab of Bengal, and his French allies.
• In the aftermath, Mir Jafar was installed as the Nawab of Bengal, on the throne of Murshidabad.

Additional Information 

• Reasons behind the Battle of Plassey
• The British victory in the Carnatic made the Nawab of Bengal apprehensive of the rising power of the British.
• The East India Company kept misusing its power, including fortifying Calcutta without the Nawab’s permission.
• The Nawab marched to Fort Williams and captured it, leading to the infamous ‘Black Hole of Calcutta’ incident.
• Robert Clive was sent to overthrow the Nawab leading to the battle.

The correct answer is Dholavira.

Key Points

• Dholavira is one of the most prominent archaeological sites belonging to the Indus Valley Civilization, also known as the Harappan civilization, which flourished around 2600 to 1900 BCE.
• It is located on the island of Khadir Beyt in the Great Rann of Kutch in present-day Gujarat, India.
• The ancient town of Dholavira covers an area of about 100 hectares and is divided into three main parts: the Citadel, the Middle Town, and the Lower Town.

Additional Information

• The Citadel is a fortified area that contains important structures such as the ruler's palace, public assembly halls, and a large reservoir.
• The Middle Town is surrounded by massive walls and contains residential areas, markets, and craft workshops.
• The Lower Town is believed to have been primarily used for industrial and agricultural purposes.
• Dholavira is renowned for its sophisticated urban planning, advanced water management system, and unique architecture.
• The city's water management system included reservoirs, channels, and wells, which ensured a reliable water supply for its inhabitants.
• The archaeological excavations at Dholavira have revealed several artefacts, including seals, pottery, jewellery, and tools, providing valuable insights into the economic, social, and cultural aspects of the Indus Valley Civilization.
• Dholavira's strategic location near the Gulf of Khambhat suggests that it played a significant role in trade and maritime activities during ancient times.

The correct answer is Lord Mountbatten.

Key Points

• Lord Mountbatten was the last Viceroy of India and first Governor General of independent India and served until June 1948.
• Throughout Lord Mountbatten's career, he held senior military defense positions, vast naval commands, and participated in the diplomatic negotiations for the independence of Pakistan and India.
• Lord Louis Mountbatten guided the power transfer from Britain to India and Pakistan in 1947 and he had also tried convincing Muhammad Ali Jinnah for keeping India and Pakistan united.
• By placing a bomb in his boat, terrorists from the Provisional Irish Republican Army killed Lord Mountbatten in 1979.

Additional Information

• Lord Linlithgow was the Governor-General and Viceroy of India from 1936 to 1943 and Lord Wavell was the Governor-General and Viceroy of India from 1943 to 1947.
• In response to the Bengal famine of 1943, Lord Wavell instructed the soldiers to provide aid to the starving rural Bengalis as one of his first acts in office. His efforts to increase rice supplies and lower costs were not entirely successful.
• Lord Linlithgow also held the positions of Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, Chancellor of the University of Edinburgh, and Vice President of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.
• Lord Mayo was the Viceroy of India from 1869 to 1872.
• By developing better ties with the Afghan emir Sher Ali, Lord Mayo helped to stabilise India's northwest border.

The correct answer is 343.

Key Points 

• According to article 343 of the Indian Constitution, the official language of the Union shall be Hindi in the Devanagari script.
• Article 343(2) also provided for continuing the use of English in the official work of the Union for a period of 15 years from the date of commencement of the Constitution.
• Article 341 of the Indian Constitution talks about 'Scheduled Castes' whereas Article 342 of the Indian Constitution talks about 'Scheduled Tribes'.
• Article 341 of the Constitution of India defines, who would be Scheduled Castes with respect to any State or Union Territory.
• Article 342 of the Constitution of India defines, who would be Scheduled Tribes with respect to any State or Union Territory.
• Article 346 states that the Official language for the communication between one state and the other or the state and the union.

The correct answer is 21A

Key Points

• The Constitution (Eighty-sixth Amendment) Act, 2002 inserted Article 21-A in the Constitution of India to provide free and compulsory education to all children in the age group of six to fourteen years as a Fundamental Right in such a manner as the State may, by law, determine.
• The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009, which represents the consequential legislation envisaged under Article 21-A, means that every child has a right to full time elementary education of satisfactory and equitable quality in a formal school which satisfies certain essential norms and standards.

The correct answer is Abhijit Banerjee.

Key Points

• American economist Abhijit Banerjee is of Indian descent.
• At the moment, he holds the position of Ford Foundation International Professor of Economics at MIT.
• Together with Esther Duflo and Michael Kremer, Banerjee was awarded the 2019 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences "for their experimental approach to eliminating global poverty."
• His research focuses on economic growth.
• He has talked about field experiments as a crucial technique for identifying causal linkages in economics with Esther Duflo.

The correct answer is EM Forster.

Key Points 

• A Passage to India (1924) is a novel by English author E. M. Forster set against the backdrop of the British Raj and the Indian independence movement in the 1920s.
• It was selected as one of the 100 great works of 20th-century English literature by the Modern Library and won the 1924 James Tait Black Memorial Prize for fiction.
• Time magazine included the novel in its "All Time 100 Novels" list.
• The novel is based on Forster's experiences in India, deriving the title from Walt Whitman's 1870 poem "Passage to India" in Leaves of Grass.
• The story revolves around four characters: Dr Aziz, his British friend Mr Cyril Fielding, Mrs Moore, and Miss Adela Quested.
• During a trip to the fictitious Marabar Caves (modeled on the Barabar Caves of Bihar), Adela thinks she finds herself alone with Dr Aziz in one of the caves (when in fact he is in an entirely different cave), and subsequently panics and flees; it is assumed that Dr Aziz has attempted to assault her.
• Aziz's trial, and its run-up and aftermath, bring to a boil the common racial tensions and prejudices between Indians and the British who rule India.

The correct answer is 1975.

Key Points

• The first Cricket World Cup was contested in England as a series of one-day matches of 60 overs per side held in 1975.
• Cricket World Cup is an international cricket championship held at four-year intervals.
• It is the premier contest in one-day cricket and one of the most-watched sporting events in the world.
• In 1975 the first Cricket World Cup was contested in England as a series of one-day matches of 60 overs per side.
• It was held outside England, in India and Pakistan, for the first time in 1987.
• The 1987 contest also saw the number of overs per side reduced to 50.
• In 2007 Australia became the first team to win three consecutive World Cup tournaments.

The correct answer is Switzerland.

Key Points

• Zurich(Switzerland) is the Headquarters of the FIFA governing body.
• FIFA is a non-profit organization that describes itself as an international governing body of association football, futsal and beach soccer.
• It is the highest governing body of association football.
• Its role as protecting and developing the game of football for everyone around the world.
• The complex has served as the official headquarters of FIFA since its completion in 2006.
• It is located on the Zürichberg, a wooded hill in District 7.

Additional Information 

• FIFA is the highest governing body of association football.
• FIFA was founded in 1904 to oversee international competition among the national associations of Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, and Switzerland.
• Headquartered in Zürich, its membership now comprises 211 national associations.
• As representatives of FIFA in their countries, they have obligations to respect the statutes, aims, and ideals of football's governing body and promote and manage our sport accordingly.

The correct answer is Bharat Biotech

Key Points

• Hyderabad-based Bharat Biotech has developed Covaxin, India's first indigenous experimental vaccine against COVID-19, in collaboration with the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and National Institute of Virology (NIV).
• A potential COVID-19 vaccine ‘COVAXIN’ received approval from the Drug Controller General of India (DCGI) to conduct Phase I and 2 human trials.
• Human clinical trials are scheduled to start across India in July 2020.
• The indigenous, inactivated vaccine developed and manufactured in the company's Bio-Safety Level 3 (BSL-3) High Containment facility located in Genome Valley, Hyderabad.
• Drug Controller General of India (DCGI):  Dr. Rajeev Singh Raghuvanshi (April 2024)

The correct answer is Mahmoud Abbas 

Key Points

• Mahmoud Abbas ( born 15 November 1935), also known by the kunya Abu Mazen is the president of the State of Palestine and the Palestinian National Authority (PNA).

Calculation:

⇒ 45% of 480 + 182 = ?2 - 172 + 102

⇒ 216 + 324 = ?² - 289 + 100

⇒ 540 + 189 = ?²

⇒ ? = √729 = 27

∴ The value of 45% of 480 + 182 = ?2 - 172 + 102 is 27.

Given:

8^(2/3) × 13^(2/4) = 64^1/3 × 8^a/4 × 13^8+b

Formula Used:

(a^m)ⁿ = a^{m × n}

a^m × aⁿ = a^m+n

a^m ÷ aⁿ = a^m-n

Calculation:

⇒ 8(2/3) × 13(2/4) = 641/3 × 8a/4 × 138+b

⇒ (2³)(2/3) × 13(1/2) = (2⁶)1/3 × (2³)a/4 × 138+b

⇒ 22 × 13(1/2) = 2² × 2^3a/4 × 138+b

⇒ 2⁰ × 13(1/2) = 23a/4 × 138+b

on comparing LHS and RHS, we get

⇒ 3a/4 = 0 ⇒ a = 0 and 

⇒ 8 + b = 1/2 ⇒ b = -15/2

Now, a × b = 0 × -15/2 = 0

∴ The value of a × b is 0.

Given:

HCF of two numbers = 18

Product of two numbers = 2196

Formula Used:

A × B = HCF × LCM

Where, A and B are two numbers

Calculation:

⇒ 2196 = 18 × LCM

⇒ LCM = 122

Given:

Largest numbers divides 102, 141, and 258 and leaves same remainder in each case.

Concept used:

The greatest number that will divide a, b and c leaving the same remainder in each case is given by HCF of (a – b), (b – c), (c – a).

Calculation:

HCF of (141 - 102), (258 -141) and (258 - 102)

 HCF of 39, 117 and 156

⇒39 = 13 x 3

⇒117 = 13 x 3 x 3

⇒156 = 13 x 3 x 4

⇒ The HCF of (39, 117 and 156) = 13 x 3 = 39

∴ The correct answer is 39.

Given:

Four fractions are 85/48, 135/123, 23/15 and 812/795.

Calculation:

⇒ 85/48 = 1.70

⇒ 135/123 = 1.09

⇒ 23/15 = 1.53

⇒ 812/795 = 1.02

Here, we got the lowest decimal value of 1.02 of the decimal of 812/795.

∴ The smallest fraction is $\frac{812}{795}$.

Shortcut Trick

Net deviation = Correct Value − Wrong Value

⇒ Net deviation = 27 − 83 = −56

Change in average = Net deviation ÷ Number of observations

⇒ Change in average = −56 ÷ 7 = −8

Correct Average = Initial Average + Change in average = 59 − 8 = 51

∴ The correct answer is 51.

Alternate Method

Given:

Calculated average of 7 numbers = 59

Wrongly taken number = 83

Correct number = 27

Formula Used:

Sum of observations = Average × Number of observations

Correct Sum = Wrong Sum − Wrong value + Correct value

Calculated Avg = 59

Observations = 7

Wrong Value = 83 Correct Value = 27 Net Change = −56

Avg Change = −56 ÷ 7 = −8

Correct Avg = 59 − 8 = 51

Calculations:

⇒ Wrong Sum = 7 × 59 = 413

⇒ Correct Sum = 413 − 83 + 27

⇒ Correct Sum = 413 − 56 = 357

⇒ Correct Average = 357 ÷ 7 = 51

∴ The correct answer is 51.

Additional Information

Error in Average

If one or more values are wrongly read, Correct Average = Old Average + (Sum of Correct Values − Sum of Wrong Values) ÷ n.

Combined Average

If the average of n₁ observations is a₁ and n₂ observations is a₂, then the Combined Average = (n₁a₁ + n₂a₂) ÷ (n₁ + n₂).

Effect of Arithmetic Operations on Average

If each observation is increased, decreased, multiplied or divided by a constant k, the new average will also be increased, decreased, multiplied or divided by the same constant k.

Calculation :

Let the initial price of a pen be Rs. 100x

Then the number of pens Tim can buy in Rs. 112 = 112 / 100x

Now, if the price of the pen is decreased by 12.5% then new price = Rs. 87.5x

So, the number of pens Tim can buy in Rs. 112 = 112 / 87.5x

According to the question Tim can buy 2 more pens in new price

⇒ (112 / 87.5x) - (112 / 100x) = 2

⇒ 1400 / 8750x = 2

⇒ x = 1400 / 17500 = 0.08

⇒ 100x = 8

∴ The initial price of each pen = Rs. 8

Shortcut Trick

Price Difference = 12.5% = 2 pens

⇒ 12.5% × 7 = 2 × 7 pens

⇒ 87.5% = 14 pens

⇒ Rs. 112 = 14 pens ⇒ 1 pen = 112 / 14 = Rs. 8

∴ The initial price of each pen = Rs. 8

Given :

The population of the town = 1500

The number of males increased = 8%

The number of females increased = 10%

The population of the town after increasing = 1630

Concept :

If a number is increased by y% then it becomes 100 + y% = 100 + (y/100)

Calculation :

Let the number of males in the town = a

Then the number of females in the town = 1500 - a

Now, according to the question 

108% of a + 110% of (1500 - a) = 1630

⇒ 1.08a + 1.10 (1500 - a) = 1630

⇒ 1.08a + 1650 - 1.10a = 1630

⇒ 0.02a = 20

⇒ a = 1000

Thus, number of females = 1500 - 1000 = 500

∴ Option 2) is the right answer.

Calculation :

Let the cost price of 1 kg or 1000 gm = Rs. x

According to the question selling price of 950 gm = Rs. x

⇒ Selling price of 1000 gm = 1000x / 950 = 20x / 19

Gain = SP - CP = (20x / 19) - x = x / 19

So, gain percent = (gain / CP) × 100

⇒ $\frac{x}{19x} \times 100$ = 100 / 19

∴ Gain percent = 100/19.

Shortcut Trick

As per the question,

SP of 950 = CP of 1000

SP/CP = 1000/950 = 20 : 19

Profit % = (1/19) * 100 = 100/19%

∴ Gain percent = 100/19.

Shortcut Trick13 ∶ 21 ∶ 10 ∶ 25

13x + 21x + 10x + 25x = 69 × 4  

69x = 69×4

x = 4

The difference (25 - 10 = 15) = 15x = 15×4 = 60

Alternate MethodGiven:

The age of 4 persons = 13 ∶ 21 ∶ 10 ∶ 25

Average age = 69

Concept:

The average age of four persons is the sum of their ages divided by 4.

Formula used:

Average = (Sum of all numbers)/(Sum of all numbers)

Calculation:

Let's denote the ages of the four persons as 13x, 21x, 10x, and 25x, respectively, where x is a common factor.

According to the given information:

Sum of ages = 13x + 21x + 10x + 25x = 69 × 4 

We can solve for x 

⇒ 13x + 21x + 10x + 25x = 69×4

⇒ 69x = 69×4

⇒ x = 4

So, the ages of the four persons are

⇒ 13x = 13×4 = 52

⇒ 21x = 21×4 =84

⇒ 10x = 10×4 = 40 = the age of the youngest

⇒ 25x = 25×4 = 100 =  the age of the oldest

The difference the age = 100 - 40 = 60

∴ The difference between the age of the oldest and the youngest person is 60 years

Shortcut Trick

Total value ratio = (3 × 1) : (4 × 0.5) : (8 × 0.25) = 3 : 2 : 2

Sum of ratio parts = 3 + 2 + 2 = 7 units

7 units = ₹840 → 1 unit = ₹120

Number of 50 paisa coins = 4 ratio parts × 120 = 480

∴ The correct answer is 480.

Alternate Method

Given: Ratio of coins = 3 : 4 : 8; Total amount = ₹840

₹1.00 Ratio: 3x

50 Paisa Ratio: 4x

25 Paisa Ratio: 8x

Total Bag Value = ₹840

Let the number of coins of ₹1, 50p and 25p be 3x, 4x, and 8x respectively.

⇒ Total Value = (Number of coins × Face value of coin)

⇒ Total Value = (3x × 1) + (4x × 0.50) + (8x × 0.25) = 840

⇒ 3x + 2x + 2x = 840

⇒ 7x = 840

⇒ x = 840 ÷ 7

⇒ x = 120

⇒ Number of 50 paisa coins = 4x = 4 × 120 = 480

∴ The correct answer is 480.

Additional Information

Value and Coin Ratio Conversion

Value Ratio = (Coin Count Ratio × Denomination Value). Conversely, Coin Ratio = (Value Ratio ÷ Denomination Value).

Currency Units

Always maintain consistent units: ₹1 = 100 paisa, 50p = ₹0.50, and 25p = ₹0.25.

Total Value Equation

Total Money = ∑(Number of coins_i × Value of coin_i).

Shortcut Trick

In Simple Interest, the interest earned remains constant every year.

SI for 1.5 years (4.5 − 3) = 16860 − 15240 = ₹1620

SI for 1 year = 1620 ÷ 1.5 = ₹1080

Principal = Amount in 3 years − SI for 3 years = 15240 − (3 × 1080) = ₹12000

Rate of Interest (R) = (1080 ÷ 12000) × 100 = 9%

∴ The correct answer is 9%.

Alternate Method

Given:

Amount in 3 years (A₁) = ₹15,240

Amount in 4.5 years (A₂) = ₹16,860

Formula Used:

Simple Interest (SI) = (P × R × T) ÷ 100

Amount (A) = P + SI

Principal (P) ₹15,240 ₹16,860 Year 0 Year 3 Year 4.5

SI for 3 yrs

SI for 1.5 yrs = ₹1,620

Calculation:

⇒ Difference in time = 4.5 − 3 = 1.5 years

⇒ Simple Interest for 1.5 years = A₂ − A₁

⇒ SI for 1.5 years = 16,860 − 15,240 = ₹1,620

⇒ SI for 1 year = 1,620 ÷ 1.5 = ₹1,080

⇒ SI for 3 years = 1,080 × 3 = ₹3,240

⇒ Principal (P) = A₁ − SI for 3 years

⇒ P = 15,240 − 3,240 = ₹12,000

⇒ Rate (R) = (SI for 1 year × 100) ÷ Principal

⇒ R = (1,080 × 100) ÷ 12,000

⇒ R = 1,08,000 ÷ 12,000 = 9%

∴ The correct answer is 9%.

Additional Information

Simple Interest (SI)

It is calculated only on the original principal. SI = (P × R × T) ÷ 100.

Constant Annual Interest

In simple interest, the interest earned each year is constant. The difference between amounts in different years is solely due to the accumulated interest.

Compound Interest (CI)

It is calculated on both the original principal and accumulated interest. Formula: A = P(1 + R/100)ⁿ.

Amount Formula for SI

The total amount after T years is given by A = P + SI = P(1 + RT/100).

Given :

Distance covered by bus in first hour = 40 km

Speed increase = 2 km/h after every hour

Formula used :

Speed = distance/time

Calculation :

Initial speed of bus = 40 km/h

After 1 hour,

⇒ Speed of bus = 40 + 2 = 42 km/h

⇒ Distance covered = 42 km

After 2 hours,

⇒ Speed of bus = 42 + 2 = 44 km/h

⇒ Distance covered = 44 km

After 3 hours,

⇒ Speed of bus = 44 + 2 = 46 km/h

⇒ Distance covered = 46 km

After 4 hours,

⇒ Speed of bus = 46 + 2 = 48 km/h

⇒ Distance covered = 48 km

Total distance covered 

⇒ 40 + 42 + 44 + 46 + 48

⇒ 220 km

∴ The correct answer is 220 km.

Given :

Speed of boat (u) = 7 km/h

Speed of stream (v) = 3 km/h

Upstream distance = Downstream distance = 60 km

Formula used :

Time = distance/ speed

Upstream speed = u - v

Downstream speed = u + v

Calculation :

Total time taken by boat to return to same point

⇒ $\frac{60}{7-3} + \frac{60}{7+3}$

⇒ 60/4 + 60/10

⇒ 15 + 6 = 21 hours

∴ The correct answer is 21 hours.

Given :

Pipe A (Fill) = 10 hours

Pipe B (Fill) = 20 hours

Pipe C (Empty) = 12 hours

Formula Used :

Total Capacity of tank = Efficiency of pipe × Number of hours

Calculations :

 

⇒ Total capacity of the tank = 60 

⇒ Total efficiency = 6 + 3 - 5 = 4

So, the time taken to fill the tank by A, B, and C together

⇒ 60/4 = 15 hours

∴ The correct answer is 15 hours.

Given: 

 

Length of the rectangle = 15 cm

 

Breadth of the rectangle = 14 cm

 

Formula Used:

 

Volume of the Cylinder = π r²h.

 

Calculation:

Length of the rectangle = 21 cm( Height of Cylinder)

Breadth the rectangle = 10 cm (Radius of Cylinder) 

 

As we know,

 

V = π r²h

 

⇒ V = $\frac{22}{7}$ × 10× 10× 21

 

⇒ V = 2100π 

 

∴ The volume of the solid generated is 2100π

Shortcut Trick

The Curved Surface Area (CSA) of a cylinder is directly proportional to the product of its radius (r) and height (h).

Ratio of CSA_B to CSA_A = (r_B × h_B) : (r_A × h_A)

Given: r_A : r_B = 4 : 7 and h_A : h_B = 7 : 5

⇒ Required Ratio = (7 × 5) : (4 × 7) = 35 : 28 = 5 : 4

∴ The correct answer is 5 : 4.

Alternate Method

Given:

Ratio of radii (r_A : r_B) = 4 : 7

Ratio of heights (h_A : h_B) = 7 : 5

Formula Used:

Curved Surface Area (CSA) of a cylinder = 2πrh

Let the radii be r_A = 4x and r_B = 7x.

Let the heights be h_A = 7y and h_B = 5y.

⇒ CSA of A = 2 × π × 4x × 7y = 56πxy

⇒ CSA of B = 2 × π × 7x × 5y = 70πxy

⇒ Ratio CSA_B : CSA_A = 70πxy : 56πxy

⇒ Ratio = 70 : 56

⇒ Dividing both by 14: Ratio = 5 : 4

∴ The correct answer is 5 : 4.

Additional Information

Volume of a Cylinder

The volume (V) of a cylinder is given by V = πr²h. The ratio of volumes would be (r₁/r₂)² × (h₁/h₂).

Total Surface Area (TSA)

TSA of a cylinder includes the curved area and the areas of the two circular bases: TSA = 2πrh + 2πr² = 2πr(h + r).

Area of Base

The area of the circular base of a cylinder is A = πr². The ratio of base areas depends only on the square of the radii ratio.

Given:

Total Income of the family = 25000.

Calculation:

Amount spend on Rent and food = 14 % + 45 % = 59%

⇒ 25000 × 59 %

⇒ 25000 × 59 / 100 = 14750.

∴ The amount spent on Rent and Food together is 14,750.

Calculation:

Let, the total expense of the family is 100a

The expense on Education = 100a × (15/100) = 15a

The expense on Food = 100a × (45/100) = 45a

The ratio between the expenses on Education and Food is

⇒ 15a : 45a = 1 : 3

∴ The ratio between the expenses on Education and Food is 1 : 3

Calculation:

As per the given data we need to find out the number of families 

Whose income are not less than Rs. 2000 but less than Rs. 6000

Let, the number of such families are A

So, A = 2000 ≤ A < 6000

⇒ A = (300 + 600 + 250 + 400) = 1550

∴ The correct answer is option 1

The correct answer is The move came at a time when the Chinese involvement in Nepal was surging, largely on the back of Beijing’s BRI project, which is a global infrastructure development strategy. 

 Key Points

• Sentence 1 is grammatically correct.
• Sentence 2 says "has signed" which should be "have signed" to agree with the plural subject "leaders."
• Sentence 3 incorrectly uses "be hold accountable" instead of the correct form "be held accountable."
• Sentence 4 is incorrect because "largest regional organizations" should be "largest regional organization" to agree with the singular subject "SCO."

Therefore, the correct answer is- "Option 1".

The correct answer is first they discontinued jam on toasts.  

 Key Points

• There's an awkward phrasing in "first they discontinued jam on toasts." A clearer phrase might be, "they first discontinued jam on toast."
• "On toasts" is not conventionally correct; "on toast" is the standard expression.
• The rest of the sentence is logically structured and grammatically correct.
• The corrected segment should properly sequence the actions and use the singular "toast."

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option 2. 

 Additional Information

• Transition words like "first" are used to order actions or events.
• Substituting one food item for another due to high prices reflects budgetary adjustments.
• Proper sentence structure is key to clear and effective communication.

The correct answer is "a closely - watched meeting, announced its decision, 5 - acre plot ". 

 Key Points

• "A close - watched meeting" should be "a closely-watched meeting" for correct adjective adverb combination describing the meeting.
• "Announced its decision" is grammatically correct and requires no change.
• "A 5 - acre plot" is correct as "5-acre" should not become plural with "acres" since it modifies "plot" which is singular.
• The hyphenation in "closely-watched" correctly connects the adverb to the adjective, creating a compound modifier for "meeting."

Therefore, the correct answer is- "Option 3". 

 Additional Information

• "It's" is a contraction for "it is" or "it has," which is incorrect in this context.
• Hyphenation in compound modifiers clarifies meaning by showing that the words work together as a single concept.
• Adverb-adjective combinations ("closely-watched") modify nouns more precisely than adjectives alone.

The correct answer is 'No substitution required'.

Key Points

• The given sentence is in the present perfect tense.
• The phrase "has been called" correctly indicates that the meeting is scheduled for a specific time in the future.
• The subject "A meeting of the union cabinet" is singular, so "has" is the appropriate auxiliary verb.
• There is no grammatical error in the given sentence segment.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

Correct sentence: A meeting of the union cabinet has been called at 11 am on Wednesday.

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Additional Information

• Option 1: has being called - "Has being called" is incorrect because "being" is used with continuous tenses, not perfect tenses.
• Option 2: have been called - "Have been called" is incorrect because the subject "A meeting of the union cabinet" is singular, requiring the singular form "has."
• Option 3: had being called - "Had being called" is incorrect because it combines past perfect tense "had" with "being," which is incorrect. The correct form should be "had been called" for past perfect tense, but it doesn't fit the context of the sentence.

The correct answer is "anyone’s". 

 Key Points

• "Anyone's" correctly implies that doing this activity could make the arms of any person sore, which suits the general context.
• The possessive form "anyone's" is needed here to show possession or belonging (the soreness of the arms).
• "Everyone" implies all people in a group, which may be too inclusive for this context.
• The use of "anyone" over "everyone" emphasizes the potential for this outcome for any individual rather than asserting it happens to all simultaneously.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option 1".

 Additional Information

• "Anyone" is used to refer to any person out of an indefinite number, making it more suitable for hypothetical scenarios.
• "Everyone's" refers to every person in a specific group, which is not the intended meaning in this question.
• The choice between "anyone" and "everyone" often depends on the context and the specificity of the group being referred to.

The correct answer is resigned.  

 Key Points

• "Resigned" is the correct term to indicate voluntarily leaving a job or position.
• The sentence describes a past action that has already completed, so the past tense "resigned" is appropriate.
• The other options (adapted, agitated, yielded) do not correctly convey the action of leaving a position.
• "Resigned" appropriately contrasts with her retaining another position, indicating a change in roles rather than departure from the organization.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option 2. 

 Additional Information

• "Adapted" means to adjust or become accustomed to a new condition.
• "Agitated" means to make someone nervous or troubled.
• "Yielded" means to give way to arguments, demands, or pressure.

The correct answer is RQPS. 

 Key Points

• Sequence RQPS offers a logical flow where the general impact of lockdown on employees (R) is introduced, followed by the specific challenge for creative people (Q).
• "So how do you really focus on being productive without killing your creativity?" (P) logically follows as a question arising from the problems stated.
• The solution to the problem is given in (S), making it a natural conclusion to the sequence.
• This order presents a problem, elaborates on it, poses a question, and then offers a solution, respectively.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option 2.

The correct answer is SPQR. 

 Key Points

• Sequence SPQR provides a coherent narrative starting with "Our anxiety rose into fear" (S), which sets an emotional context.
• It logically progresses to Q, where "There were blinding flashes, followed by peals of thunder," connects the fear to a specific event.
• The cause of the anxiety and fear becomes clear in P with "Visibility was almost zero," showing worsening conditions.
• Finally, R, "Suddenly without any warning, our helicopter went into a spin and nosedived into the darkness below," serves as a climax to the developing story.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option 4.

The correct answer is Drunken.

 Key Points

• The word "inebriated" refers to being drunk or intoxicated. (नशे में)
• An example of "inebriated" in a sentence: After consuming too much alcohol at the party, he became inebriated and could hardly walk straight.
• The synonym "Drunken" means affected by alcohol, with its Hindi meaning being शराबी
• An example of "Drunken": The drunken man stumbled out of the bar, unable to keep his balance.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option 3.

Additional Information

• Stupefied (Option 1) means to make someone unable to think or feel properly, often due to shock or surprise. स्तब्ध
• Unsteady (Option 2) describes someone or something not firm, steady, or balanced. अस्थिर
• Broken (Option 4) generally refers to something that has been damaged or is no longer in working condition.  टूटा हुआ

The correct answer is Manliness.

 Key Points

• "Effeminacy" refers to the manifestation of traits in a boy or man that are more often associated with feminine nature, behavior, mannerism, or style. नारीत्व
• An example of "effeminacy": His effeminacy was noticeable in his gentle voice and delicate movements.
• The antonym "Manliness" refers to the qualities or attributes traditionally associated with men, such as strength and boldness. पुरुषत्व
• An example of "Manliness": His manliness was evident in his decisive actions and deep voice.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option 2.

 Additional Information

• Aggressiveness (Option 1) – A quality of being ready to attack or confront.  आक्रामकता
• Boorishness (Option 3) – Rude or unmannerly behavior. असभ्यता
• Verbosity (Option 4) – The quality of using more words than needed; wordiness.  शब्दाडम्बर

The correct answer is Asymptomatic.

 Key Points

• The term "Asymptomatic" means showing no symptoms of disease. लक्षणहीन
• An example of "Asymptomatic": Many people infected with the virus are asymptomatic and unaware they have it.
• "Asymptomatic" (Option 3) is the correctly spelled word for someone or something showing no symptoms. लक्षणहीन
• An example of its usage: Despite being asymptomatic, she tested positive for COVID-19.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option 3.

 Additional Information

• Asymphtomatic, Asymphtometic, and Asymptomattic (Options 1, 2, and 4) are misspelled variations and do not conform to the correct spelling of "Asymptomatic."

The correct answer is Liaeson.

 Key Points

• "Liaison" is the correctly intended word but misspelled as "Liaeson" in option 4.  संपर्क
• An example of "liaison" correctly spelled: He acted as a liaison between the two departments, facilitating communication.
• "Liaison" refers to communication or cooperation which facilitates a close working relationship between people or organizations. संपर्क
• Example of its correct use: Her role as a community liaison helped build strong relationships between locals and the new administration.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option 4.

 Additional Information

• Forward (Option 1) – Directed towards a point ahead or in advance.  आगे
• Pharaoh (Option 2) – A ruler in ancient Egypt. फिरौन
• Fahrenheit (Option 3) – A scale for measuring temperature. फारेनहाइट

The correct answer is Option 3) To avoid dealing with a problem.

 Key Points

• "Kick the can down the road" is an idiom that means to delay or defer decision-making or problem-solving, essentially avoiding dealing with a problem immediately. समस्या से बचना
• An example: Instead of addressing the budget shortfall, the government chose to kick the can down the road by borrowing more money.
• This idiom captures the avoidance of immediate action.  समस्या से बचना
• Example of usage: Politicians often kick the can down the road to avoid unpopular decisions before an election.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option 3.

The correct answer is To run off.

 Key Points

• "To take to one's heels" means to run away, usually to escape from a situation.  भाग जाना
• An example of "to take to one's heels": As soon as he saw the police, the thief took to his heels.
• Running off, meaning making a quick escape, aligns with this idiom.  भाग जाना
• An example of running off: The cat took to its heels when it saw the dog coming.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option 1.

 Additional Information

• To show one's heels (Option 2), To turn around (Option 3), and To walk leisurely (Option 4) are not aligned with the meaning of "to take to one's heels," which specifically points to the act of running away quickly.

The correct answer is Pathology.

 Key Points

• "Pathology" is the study of diseases, their causes, and effects, especially the study based on the examination of tissues, organs, bodily fluids, and autopsies. रोग विज्ञान
• An example of "pathology": He specialized in pathology to understand the complex nature of various diseases at a molecular level.
• Pathology, meaning the scientific study of diseases, corresponds directly to the description. रोग विज्ञान
• An example of its use: The pathology report provided crucial insights into the patient's condition.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option 4) Pathology.

 Additional Information

• Pantomime (Option 1) – A type of musical comedy stage production designed for family entertainment. मौक़िक नाटक
• Parasite (Option 2) – An organism that lives in or on an organism of another species and benefits by deriving nutrients at the other's expense. परजीवी
• Parasol (Option 3) – A light umbrella used to give shade from the sun. धूप की छतरी

The correct answer is "Helen". 

Key Points

• The passage directly mentions Helen's decision to follow Bertram to Florence after being rejected by him, indicating that it is Helen who takes the initiative to disguise herself and pursue her husband.
• The context of the passage makes it clear that Helen is the character motivated to meet Bertram's cruel conditions for acknowledging their marriage.
• The disguise as a pilgrim is specifically chosen by Helen as a means to travel undetected and integrate herself into Bertram's new environment without arousing suspicion.
• Helen's resourcefulness and determination are highlighted by her actions, including the adoption of a disguise, underscoring her proactive role in attempting to salvage the marriage.
• Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

Additional Information

• Option 1) Diana is the woman Bertram becomes obsessed with in Italy.
• There is no mention of Diana leaving or disguising herself as a pilgrim in the narrative.
• Option 2) Countess refers to Bertram's mother, who remains in Roussillon throughout the story; thus, she is not the one who disguises herself as a pilgrim.
• Option 3) Widow is a character who befriends Helen in Florence but is not involved in the disguise or the attempt to fulfill Bertram's conditions.

The correct answer is "to try her hands to cure the illness of the king". 

Key Points

• The passage explicitly states that the Countess allows Helen to go to court specifically to attempt to cure the French King's illness.
• Helen's interest in going to court is not related to any political motives, culinary skills, or marital aspirations towards the King, but solely to use her knowledge, possibly inherited or learned from her father, a celebrated physician, to cure the King.
• Helen’s success in curing the King, where others have failed, highlights her exceptional ability and directly influences the subsequent offer by the King for her to choose a husband from his wards.
• This pivotal act of curing the King serves as a turning point in the story, enabling Helen to choose Bertram as her husband, which she might not have been able to do without this significant achievement.
• Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

Additional Information

• Option 1) to inform the king about upcoming threat is incorrect because there is no mention of Helen going to court for political or informational reasons.
• Option 2) to please king with cooking skills is incorrect as Helen’s visit to the court is motivated by her medical skills, not culinary abilities.
• Option 4) to marry the king as she very beautiful is also incorrect because Helen’s intention is not to marry the King but to utilize the opportunity to cure him and later choose Bertram as her husband.

The correct answer is "Bertram". 

Key Points

• The passage directly states that Bertram has formed an obsession with Diana during his time in Italy, indicating that he is the one who is enamored with her.
• Bertram's fixation on Diana becomes a critical plot point, as it influences his decisions and actions while in Italy, including his plan to sleep with Diana.
• This obsession contrasts with his rejection of Helen, his wife, showcasing his pursuit of desires that align with his interests and attractions rather than his marital obligations.
• The narrative emphasizes Bertram's ill-considered actions and choices, which further complicate the relationships and events within the story.
• Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

Additional Information

• Option 1) Countess is Bertram's mother, and there is no indication in the text that she has any particular relationship with Diana, much less an obsession.
• Option 2) Paroles is mentioned as Bertram's friend and displays no particular interest in Diana according to the passage; his role is more aligned with being a companion to Bertram.
• Option 3) Lafeu is also a character in the mix but, like the Countess and Paroles, there is no mention of him having an obsession with Diana in the provided passage.

The correct answer is "concerned". 

Key Points

• The word "oblivious" means not aware of or not concerned about what is happening around one.
• The opposite of being unaware or unconcerned would be being aware or concerned about something.
• "Concerned" directly opposes "oblivious" as it indicates a state of worry or interest about a situation or the welfare of something or someone.
• Being concerned implies active engagement or awareness of a situation, contrasting with oblivion, which implies a lack of such engagement or awareness.
• Words like "heedless", "unconscious", and "insensible" all suggest a lack of awareness or attention, similar to "oblivious", rather than an opposite meaning.
• Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 1".

Additional Information

• "Heedless" (Option 2) means showing a reckless lack of care or attention, which is similar to being oblivious and not an opposite.
• "Unconscious" (Option 3) refers to not being awake or aware due to the loss of consciousness, aligning more with "oblivious" rather than contrasting it.
• "Insensible" (Option 4) means not able to feel or perceive; unresponsive, which is a state of unawareness akin to being oblivious.

The correct answer is "Paroles writes a letter to Helen that he will not acknowledge their marriage."

Key Points

• The passage clearly identifies Bertram as the character who writes to Helen stating he will not acknowledge their marriage until she meets his conditions (wearing his ring and carrying his child), not Paroles.
• Bertram's letter setting the conditions for acknowledging the marriage is a critical plot point, emphasizing his disdain and challenging Helen's resolve.
• Statements about Bertram being oblivious to Helen's attentions, Helen's perseverance after returning to Roussillon, and Diana's insistence on a nighttime meeting align perfectly with the passage's narrative.
• Paroles is depicted as a swaggering friend and involved in other plot elements, notably being tricked by soldiers, but he has no part in the marital conditions set for Helen. This makes Option 4 the incorrect statement.
• Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

Additional Information

• "Bertram leaves oblivious to the attentions of Helen." (Option 1) is correct as per the passage, indicating Bertram was unaware of Helen's love for him.
• "Helen returns home to Roussillon, but she does not give up." (Option 2) reflects Helen's determination and is accurate according to the passage.
• "Diana insists the meeting with Bertram must be in the dark." (Option 3) is a correct statement, as Diana plans for Helen to take her place under the cover of darkness to fulfill Bertram's conditions.
• The inaccuracy of statement 4 (Option 4) lies in attributing the letter about the marriage conditions to Paroles, not Bertram, thus making it the incorrect statement based on the passage.

"कारागार" में संधि है - दीर्घ संधि अन्य विकल्प असंगत है। 

Key Points

• कारा + आगार =  कारागार (आ + आ = आ)
• 'कारागार' शब्द में दीर्घ संधि होगा।
• ​'कारागार' का अर्थ - ​बंदीगृह, जेलखाना।

Important Pointsदीर्घ संधि:-

• जब दो शब्दों की संधि करते समय (अ, आ) के साथ (अ, आ) हो तो 'आ' बनता है,
• जब (इ, ई) के साथ (इ, ई) हो तो **'**ई' बनता है,
• जब (उ, ऊ) के साथ (उ, ऊ) हो तो ‘ऊ' बनता है, तो उसे दीर्घ संधि कहते है।

उदाहरण-

• विद्या + अभ्यास = विद्याभ्यास (आ + अ = आ)
• कवि + ईश्वर = कवीश्वर (इ + ई = ई)
• वधु + उत्सव = वधूत्सव (उ + उ = ऊ)

Additional Information

तत्सम शब्द है - ज्योति अन्य सभी विकल्प असंगत है।

Key Points

• 'ज्योति' शब्द तत्सम है इसका तद्भव शब्द 'जोत' है।

अन्य विकल्प-

• 'जसोदा' का तत्सम शब्द 'यशोदा' होता है।
• 'चरित' का तत्सम शब्द 'चरित्र' होता है।
• 'अम्मा' का तत्सम शब्द 'अम्बा' होता है।

Important Points

Additional Information

"पाप - पुण्य" में समास है - द्वन्द्व समासअन्य सभी विकल्प असंगत है। 

Key Points 

• 'पाप - पुण्य' शब्द का समास विग्रह - 'पाप और पुण्य'
• 'पाप - पुण्य' शब्द में द्वन्द्व समास है।

Important Points द्वन्द्व समास:-

• जिस समास में समस्तपद के दोनों पद प्रधान हों या दोनों पद सामान हों एवं
• दोंनों पदों को मिलाते समय ‘और’, ‘अथवा’, ‘या’, ‘एवं’ आदि योजक लुप्त हो जाएँ, वह समास द्वन्द्व समास कहलाता है।

उदाहरण -

• सुख-दुख = सुख या दुःख
• गौरीशंकर = गौरी और शंकर
• गुण-दोष = गुण अथवा दोष

Additional Information 

भाववाचक संज्ञा का उदाहरण नहीं है - बगीचा अन्य सभी विकल्प असंगत है। 

Key Points 

• 'बगीचा' यह शब्द किसी एक विशेष बगीचा का बोध न कराकर
• दुनिया के सभी बगीचे का बोध करा रहा है। अतः 'बगीचा' एक जातिवाचक संज्ञा शब्द है।

अन्य विकल्प -

• 'घनिष्ठता' शब्द से 'किसी के बहुत समीप होने के भाव' का बोध हो रहा है। अतः 'घनिष्ठता' एक भाववाचक संज्ञा है।
• 'पागलपन' शब्द से 'पागल होने के भाव' का बोध हो रहा है। अतः 'पागलपन' एक भाववाचक संज्ञा है।
• 'गंभीरता' शब्द से 'गंभीर होने की स्थिति या भाव' का बोध हो रहा है। अतः 'गंभीरता' एक भाववाचक संज्ञा है।

Important Points 

Additional Information 

"स्वावलम्बन" का पर्यायवाची शब्द है - आत्माश्रय अन्य सभी विकल्प असंगत है।

Key Points

• 'स्वावलम्बन' के सभी पर्यायवाची शब्द - आत्मनिर्भरता, आत्माश्रय, स्वाश्रय, अपने पैरों पर खड़ा होना।

अन्य विकल्प -

Additional Information कुछ अन्य महत्वपूर्ण पर्यायवाची शब्द:-

शुद्ध वर्तनी वाला शब्द है - झुर्रियाँ अन्य सभी विकल्प असंगत है। 

Key Points 

• शुद्ध वर्तनी वाला शब्द - 'झुर्रियाँ'
• 'झुर्रियाँ' का अर्थ - झुर्री, सिकुड़न, शिकन।

​अन्य विकल्प-

Important Points 

• किसी शब्द में आये हुए अक्षरों को मात्राओं सहित कहने या लिखने की रीति को वर्तनी कहते हैं।
• वर्तनी का सीधा सम्बन्ध उच्चारण से होता है।
• यदि उच्चारण शुद्ध होगा तो वर्तनी शुद्ध होगी और यदि उच्चारण अशुद्ध होगा तो वर्तनी भी अशुद्ध होगी।

Additional Information कुछ अशुद्ध से शुद्ध शब्द:-

"उद्यमी" का विलोम शब्द है - निरुद्यम अन्य सभी विकल्प असंगत है। 

Key Points

• 'उद्यमी' शब्द का विलोम शब्द 'निरुद्यम' होगा।
• 'उद्यमी' का अर्थ- परिश्रमी, मेहनती, उद्यम करने वाला।
• 'निरुद्यम' का अर्थ- जो उद्यम या उद्योग न करता हो, आलसी।

अन्य विकल्प -

Additional Information कुछ अन्य महत्वपूर्ण विलोम शब्द:-

'वह नायिका जिसका पति परदेश से लौटा हो' वाक्यांश के लिए एक शब्द है - आगतपतिका अन्य विकल्प असंगत है। 

Key Points 

 

• वह नायिका जिसका पति परदेश से लौटा हो - आगतपतिका

अन्य विकल्प-

Additional Information कुछ महत्वपूर्ण वाक्यांश के लिए एक शब्द:-

शुद्ध वाक्य है - तूफान आने का संदेह है। अन्य सभी विकल्प असंगत है।

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Mistake Points

• भाषा स्त्रीलिंग शब्द है इसलिए इसके साथ "का" शब्द का प्रयोग नहीं होना चाहिए।

Key Points

• शुद्ध वाक्य - तूफान आने का संदेह है।
• वाक्य में लिंग, वचन, पुरुष, काल, कारक आदि का क्रिया के साथ ठीक-ठीक मेल हो, उसे शुद्ध वाक्य कहते है।

अन्य विकल्प-

Important Pointsवचन, शब्द-अर्थ व वर्तनी संबंधी अशुद्धियां:-​

स्त्रीलिंग शब्द है - खत्रानी अन्य सभी विकल्प असंगत है। 

Key Points

• स्त्रीलिंग शब्द -खत्रानी
• 'खत्रानी' का अर्थ - क्षत्रियों के अंतर्गत आनेवाली एक व्यापारी जाति खत्री का स्त्रीलिंग रूप।

अन्य विकल्प -

• पुल्लिंग शब्द - मत्स्य, श्वेत, परिचायक।
• 'खत्रानी' शब्द का पुल्लिंग शब्द 'खत्री' होगा।
• 'परिचायक' का स्त्रीलिंग शब्द 'परिचायिका' होगा।

Important Points 

Additional Information 

'भारत के पूर्वोत्तर में अनेक जनजातियों के लोग रहते हैं।' वाक्य है - सरल वाक्य अन्य सभी विकल्प असंगत है। 

Key Points 

• वाक्य - भारत के पूर्वोत्तर में अनेक जनजातियों के लोग रहते हैं।
• वाक्य में केवल एक समापिका क्रिया (रहना) आया है, अत: यह वाक्य सरल वाक्य के अंतर्गत आएगा।

Important Pointsसरल वाक्य:-

• ऐसा वाक्य जिसमे एक ही क्रिया एवं एक ही कर्ता होता है या
• जिस वाक्य में एक ही उद्देश्य एवं एक ही विधेय होता है, वे वाक्य सरल वाक्य कहलाते हैं।

उदाहरण-

• प्रात:काल पक्षी चहचहाते हैं।
• अंकित की कलम छूटकर गिर गई।

Additional Information 

'चलिए अब यहाँ से चला जाए।' वाच्य का उदाहरण है - भाववाच्य अन्य सभी विकल्प असंगत है।

Key Points

• वाक्य - चलिए अब यहाँ से चला जाए।
• वाक्य में ‘चलना, जाना' अकर्मक क्रिया का प्रयोग हुआ है, अत: यहाँ पर 'भाववाच्य' होगा।

Important Pointsभाववाच्य में कुछ महत्त्वपूर्ण तथ्य -

• इस वाच्य में प्रायः नकारात्मक वाक्य होते हैं।
• भाववाच्य में अकर्मक क्रिया का प्रयोग होता है।
• भाववाच्य में प्रयुक्त क्रिया सदा पुल्लिंग अकर्मक और एकवचन होती है।
• जैसे-
• चलो, अब सोया जाय।
• ऐसी धूप में कैसे चला जाएगा।
• विधवा से रोया भी नहीं जाता।
• चलो, घूमने चला जाए।

Additional Information