Environmental Studies PYQs

Sharing biographies of astronauts, particularly those from India, followed by highlighting the main features, would be an effective method for introducing the concept of astronauts to class IV learners.

Key Points

• Biographies provide real-life stories and experiences of astronauts, making the learning experience more relatable and engaging for students.
• Sharing biographies of Indian astronauts allows students to connect with their own country's achievements in space exploration.
• By focusing on the main features of astronauts, such as their training, space missions, and the challenges they face, students can develop a better understanding of the profession and the skills required to become an astronaut.
• Biographies provide opportunities for students to think critically and ask questions about the lives and experiences of astronauts.

Thus, it is concluded that share biographies of astronauts of India and then highlight main features is the correct answer.

Activities in EVS class can vary depending on the specific topic and learning objectives.

Key Points The processes involved in the activity described are:

• Identification: In this activity, students are required to observe various food-product packets and identify whether they are vegetarian or non-vegetarian based on the presence of a green dot or red dot. Identification involves recognizing and distinguishing the characteristics or attributes of objects or concepts.
• Classification: Students are asked to classify the food-product packets into two categories: vegetarian and non-vegetarian. Classification involves organizing objects or concepts into groups based on their shared characteristics or attributes.

Thus, it is concluded that A and D is the correct answer.

Relating relevant articles in class and sharing them with students is a practical and effective method to familiarize them with contemporary environmental issues.

Key Points

• By selecting and sharing relevant articles in class, the teacher can ensure that the content is appropriate, reliable, and aligned with the learning objectives.
• Sharing articles encourages students to actively engage with the content, read, analyze, and critically reflect on the environmental issues presented.
• Relating articles in class allows for meaningful discussions among students. They can share their perspectives, exchange ideas, and explore different viewpoints on environmental issues.

Thus, it is concluded that Option 3 is the correct answer.

Key Points

 The processes involved in the activity described are:

• Prediction: In this activity, students are asked to guess or predict which animal is being formed in the shadow based on their prior knowledge and observations. Prediction involves making educated guesses or hypotheses about the outcome or nature of an event or situation.
• Observation: Students observe the shadow formed by John's hands and use visual cues to identify or guess the animal being represented. Observation involves actively looking, perceiving, and gathering information through the senses.
• Inference: Students use their observations and prior knowledge to make inferences about the shadow and connect it to a specific animal. Inference involves drawing logical conclusions or making interpretations based on available evidence or clues.

Thus, it is concluded that the correct answer is  A, B, and C.

The integrated perspective in EVS aims to provide a holistic understanding of the environment by integrating knowledge and perspectives from different disciplines.

• It helps students develop a comprehensive and interconnected view of environmental issues and promotes critical thinking, problem-solving, and informed decision-making.

Key Points

 The integrated perspective in EVS involves drawing insights from multiple disciplines, namely science, social studies, and environmental education.

• Science: Drawing insights from science involves understanding the natural world, ecological processes, environmental systems, and scientific principles. It includes topics such as ecosystems, biodiversity, climate change, pollution, and conservation.
• Social Studies: Drawing insights from social studies involves exploring the social, cultural, economic, and political aspects of human interactions with the environment. It includes topics such as sustainable development, environmental justice, resource management, and global perspectives on environmental issues.
• Environment Education: Drawing insights from environment education involves fostering environmental awareness, sensitivity, and responsibility. It includes developing knowledge, attitudes, and values related to sustainable practices, environmental stewardship, and the interdependence of humans and nature.

Thus, it is concluded that draw insights from science, social studies, and environment education is the correct answer.

Key Points

• The teacher should ask students to think about the reason for the round shape of the stem. This encourages critical thinking and problem-solving skills among students. It allows them to analyze the question, consider possible explanations, and develop their own understanding of the concept.
• The teacher should take students for a garden visit and ask them to observe the shape of various stems. This hands-on observation provides students with an opportunity to directly observe and explore the characteristics of plant stems. By seeing different shapes of stems in the garden, students can make observations and gather evidence to formulate their own conclusions.

Thus, it is concluded that the most appropriate options are C and D, as they promote critical thinking, observation, and exploration for students to understand the reason for the round shape of plant stems.

Effective methods for teaching can vary depending on the subject, grade level, and learning objectives.

Key Points The effective methods for the transaction of EVS (Environmental Studies) are:

• Role play: Role play involves assigning students different roles or characters related to the topic being taught. It encourages active participation, imagination, and understanding of different perspectives. In an EVS context, role play can be used to explore environmental issues, decision-making processes, or real-life situations.
• Storytelling: Storytelling is a powerful method for engaging students and conveying information in a narrative form. It helps in creating connections, stimulating imagination, and making the content more relatable. Stories can be used to explore environmental concepts, ethical dilemmas, cultural perspectives, and conservation efforts.

Thus, it is concluded that **C and D is the correct answer.**​

Key PointsTell students the meaning of sugar and honey in their local language.

• Accessibility: Bringing sugar and honey might not be feasible or appropriate in every classroom setting. Explaining in their local language ensures all students can understand.
• Contextual understanding: Focusing on the meaning within the poem ("sweet") helps students grasp Pammi's intended message without unnecessary distractions.
• Avoids sensory overload: Showing or asking students to eat sugar and honey might be overwhelming for some students, especially if unfamiliar with the substances.
• Promotes communication: Explaining in their own language encourages active participation and understanding.

Therefore, explaining the meaning of sugar and honey in Pammi's poem, using their local language, is the most effective and inclusive way for the teacher to handle the situation.

EVS encompasses the study of the environment, society, and the interaction between humans and nature. It goes beyond acquiring factual knowledge and focuses on developing a deep understanding of the environment and nurturing a sense of responsibility towards it.

Key Points

• By emphasizing socio-emotional skills, the curriculum promotes the development of empathy, cooperation, communication, problem-solving, and decision-making abilities among learners.
• It encourages them to connect with the environment, develop a sense of care and concern for nature, and become responsible citizens.

Thus, it is concluded that characteristic of a good EVS curriculum at primary level is to develop socio-emotional skills learners.

The statement that best describes the fact that group discussion in EVS creates meaningful knowledge is thoughts and experiences are shared with others.

Key Points

• Group discussions in EVS provide an opportunity for students to share their thoughts, ideas, and experiences with their peers.
• By engaging in discussions, students can express their perspectives, learn from each other's viewpoints, and collectively construct knowledge.
• Through the exchange of ideas and experiences, students gain a deeper understanding of the subject matter and develop critical thinking skills.

Thus, it is concluded that thoughts and experiences are shared with others statement best describes this fact.

The correct answer is the layer of kerosene cuts the oxygen supply and thereby stops the mosquito breeding.

Key Points

• The question is related to preventing the breeding of mosquitoes by using kerosene on stagnant water.
• Option 1: Mosquitoes are repelled by kerosene.
• This option is not correct as kerosene does not repel mosquitoes.
• Option 2: Mosquitoes are killed by kerosene.
• This option is not correct as kerosene does not kill mosquitoes.
• Option 3: Mosquitoes get stuck in the layer of kerosene.
• This option is not correct as mosquitoes do not get stuck in the layer of kerosene.
• Option 4: The layer of kerosene cuts the oxygen supply and thereby stops the mosquito breeding.
• This is the correct option as the layer of kerosene prevents the larvae from breathing and thereby stops the mosquito breeding.
• The layer of kerosene forms a barrier on the surface of stagnant water.
• This barrier prevents the larvae from breathing and thereby stops the mosquito breeding.
• Kerosene does not harm other aquatic life in the water.
• The layer of kerosene needs to be maintained regularly as it can evaporate or get disturbed due to wind or rain.

Additional Information

• Some other methods to prevent mosquito breeding include removing sources of stagnant water, using mosquito nets, and applying mosquito repellents.
• Using chemicals like kerosene should be done with caution and as per the instructions provided.
• Kerosene is a flammable substance and should be stored safely away from heat sources.

The correct answer is Vulture.

Key Points

• Vultures are scavenger birds that feed on dead animals, thereby cleaning up the environment.
• They are known to fly high up in the sky to spot their next meal.
• They play a crucial role in maintaining the ecological balance by disposing of dead animals and preventing the spread of diseases.
• The other options mentioned in the question, such as crow, pigeon, and woodpecker, are not known for their scavenging habits and are unlikely to eat dead animals as a primary food source.

Additional Information

• Crows are omnivorous birds that feed on a variety of foods, including insects, fruits, and small animals.
• Pigeons are seed-eating birds and are often domesticated for their meat and eggs.
• Woodpeckers are insectivorous birds that use their beaks to drill holes in trees to extract insects.

The correct answer is A, B and C.

Key Points

• A is correct:
• October to December is the breeding season for Indian honeybees (Apis indica), which is common in Bihar.
• It's the optimal time to introduce new beehives and queens for colony establishment.
• B is correct:
• Worker bees, mainly females, make up the vast majority of a beehive population (around 60,000-80,000) and handle most crucial tasks like foraging, hive maintenance, and raising young.
• C is correct:
• A healthy beehive typically has only one queen bee, responsible for laying all fertilized eggs for worker and drone (male) bee production.
• D is incorrect:
• Male bees, also called drones, do not build the hive or care for the young. Their primary function is mating with the queen.
• Their number is significantly smaller than worker bees, usually around a few hundred in a hive.

The correct answer is Diwali.

Key Points

• Diwali is celebrated on the new moon day in the Hindu month of Kartik.
• Holi is celebrated on the full moon day in the Hindu month of Phalguna.
• Eid is celebrated after the sighting of the new moon of Shawwal.
• Raksha Bandhan is celebrated on the full moon day in the Hindu month of Shravana.
• Diwali is also known as the festival of lights and is one of the most popular festivals in India.
• It is celebrated to mark the victory of good over evil and the return of Lord Rama to Ayodhya after 14 years of exile.

Additional Information

• Holi is known as the festival of colors and is celebrated by throwing colored powder and water on each other.
• Eid is celebrated by Muslims worldwide to mark the end of the month-long fasting period of Ramadan.
• Raksha Bandhan is celebrated to strengthen the bond between brothers and sisters, where sisters tie a thread (rakhi) on their brothers' wrist for their protection.

The correct answer is Cobra, Common krait, Russel's viper, Saw scaled viper.

Key Points

• A snake has two hollow teeth (fangs). When it bites, the poison enters the person's body through the fangs which be fatal if left untreated.
• In case of a snakebite, it is advisable to seek medical help immediately and not to try any home remedies.
• The medicine for snakebite is made from the snake's poison and is available in all government hospitals.
• Indian rat snake, Python, and Sand Boa are Non-Poisonous snakes found in India

The correct answer is B, C and E.

Key Points

• A is incorrect: Khejadi trees are not typically found in hilly areas. They grow in dry and semi-dry environments such as deserts and plains.
• B is correct: Khejadi trees are renowned for their drought-resistant qualities. Because of their deep roots and efficient water usage mechanisms, they can survive with little water.
• C is correct: Khejadi trees have broad, spreading canopies that offer plenty of shade in hot areas. Children in villages often play underneath their cool shade
• D is incorrect: While Khejadi trees have strong trunks, they don't store water to the extent that people can easily extract it using thin pipes.
• E is correct: Khejadi fruits (pods) are edible and commonly consumed in some regions. The bark also has medicinal properties and is used in traditional remedies.

Additional Information

• Other uses of Khejadi tree:
• Cattle are fed on the leaves of the Khejdi tree.
• Additionally, its leaves produce great compost.
• The tree's wood is utilized as firewood and for cooking food.
• Leprosy, boils, and itching are just a few of the many skin diseases that the bark is used to cure.
• In Ayurveda, it is used to cure asthma.
• Pregnant ladies eat the blooms of this tree combined with sugar.

The correct answer is Wax, Coal tar, Grease

Concept:

Fuel: The sources of energy for domestic and industrial purposes are mainly wood, charcoal, petrol, kerosene, etc. These substances are called fuels.

• A good fuel is one that is readily available, cheap, burns easily in the air at a moderate rate, and produces a large amount of heat.
• Petroleum is extracted from crude oil.
• With the help of fractional distillation of crude oil, not just petroleum but also a large number of by-products are extracted.
• Byproducts of petroleum are Paraffin wax, Caol tar, Grease, Bitumen, Lubricating oil, etc.
• Like Petroleum, gasoline, Naptha, paraffin, Diesel, Fuel oil, Lubricating oils, Bitumen, and some solid carbons.

Additional Information

The correct answer is South-West.

Key Points

• The question describes a series of movements made by the person to reach the hotel from the railway station.
• The person first moves west, then north, then east, and finally north again.
• The question asks about the direction of the railway station with respect to the hotel.
• Option 1: North-East - This option is not correct because the person did not move in a north-east direction at any point.
• Option 2: North-West - This option is not correct because the person did not move in a north-west direction at any point.
• Option 3: South-East - This option is not correct because the person did not move in a south-east direction at any point.
• Option 4: South-West - This option is correct because the person moved west first and then north, which is towards the south-west direction with respect to the hotel.
• The person then moved east and finally north to reach the hotel.

Additional Information

• The question could have included more options to make it more challenging.
• The question could have also included a map or diagram to help visualize the movements.

The correct answer is Potable water.

Key Points

• Potable water refers to water that is safe for human consumption, free from harmful chemicals, bacteria, and viruses.
• It is the safest option for drinking.
• It can be obtained through filtration, purification, and disinfection methods.
• In conclusion, the correct answer is option 3, potable water, as it is the safest and healthiest option for drinking.​

Additional Information

• Freshwater is natural water found on the surface of the earth, such as lakes, rivers, and streams.
• Although it is generally safe, it may contain pollutants and harmful microorganisms.
• Groundwater is water that is stored beneath the earth's surface.
• It is generally safe for consumption but may contain harmful chemicals and minerals.
• Tap water is the water that comes from the municipal supply.
• It is treated to make it safe for drinking, but it may still contain contaminants.

The correct answer is Ronald Ross.

Key Points

• Ronald Ross was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in December 1902 for his work on malaria.
• His discovery paved the way for the eventual eradication of malaria in many parts of the world.
• Ross was a British physician who worked in India and made significant contributions to the study of malaria.
• He discovered that malaria was transmitted by mosquitoes, which led to the development of methods for controlling the spread of the disease. ​

Additional Information

• Alexander Fleming received the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1945 for his discovery of penicillin.
• Leeuwenhoek and Robert Hooke were both scientists who made significant contributions to the field of microscopy, but neither of them received the Nobel Prize in Medicine.