English Comprehension PYQs

The correct answer is 'Option (4)'.

Key Points

• The given sentence is in indirect speech: "They said that they were supposed to arrive earlier."
• While converting it into direct speech:
• The pronoun "they" changes to "we".
• The backshifted verb "were supposed to" changes back to "are supposed to".
• Thus, the correct direct speech is: "They said, 'We are supposed to arrive earlier.'"
• Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

Direct Speech: "They said, 'We are supposed to arrive earlier.'"

Additional Information

• In reported speech, the present tense is often backshifted to the past tense when the reporting verb is in the past.
• When converting back to direct speech, restore the original tense if the context permits.

The correct answer is Option 4.

 

Key Points

• The phrase "better in mathematics" is incorrect because the preposition "in" is not appropriate in this context.
• When comparing skills or abilities in two subjects, the correct preposition is "at" instead of "in."
• The correct phrase should be "better at mathematics than English."
• Therefore, the error is located in Option 4, which contains the incorrect preposition.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

 

Correct Sentence: "She is better at mathematics than English."

The correct answer is Option 3.

 

Key Points

• The passage discusses the transformative impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) while addressing its challenges and the need for regulation.
• Sentence Q comes first as it highlights the efficiency AI brings to major industries:
• "It improves efficiency in sectors like healthcare and finance."
• Sentence R follows because it addresses the concerns related to automation and job loss:
• "There is fear of job loss due to automation."
• Sentence S comes next as it talks about policymakers debating regulations for AI's growth:
• "Policymakers are debating how to regulate its growth."
• Sentence P is the fourth as it highlights the ethical concerns surrounding AI usage:
• "However, ethical concerns about its use persist."
• The correct sequence is QRSP.

 

Coherent paragraph after rearrangement:

"Artificial Intelligence is transforming global industries. It improves efficiency in sectors like healthcare and finance. There is fear of job loss due to automation. Policymakers are debating how to regulate its growth. However, ethical concerns about its use persist. A balanced approach is needed to harness AI's potential."

The correct answer is option 2.

Key Points

The misspelled word is 'Triveal', 'Triveel', and 'Triviel'.

• The correct spelling would be 'Trivial'.
• The word 'Trivial' is an adjective which means 'not important' or 'insignificant'. (तुच्छ)
• For Example -
• The mistake was trivial, but he made a big deal out of it.

Therefore, the correct answer would be 'Trivial'.

The correct answer is: Advance.

Key Points

• The word "Withdraw" means to remove oneself or something from a particular situation or place, or to pull back. (वापस लेना)
• Example: She decided to withdraw her application for the job after careful consideration.
• "Advance" refers to moving forward, progressing, or improving. It is the antonym of withdraw, as it implies moving ahead rather than pulling back. (आगे बढ़ना)
• Example: The army began to advance toward the enemy's position.
• Hence, we can infer that the opposite of 'withdraw' is 'advance'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Advance.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Remove (हटाना): To take something away or eliminate it.
• Example: Please remove your shoes before entering the house.
• Recede (पीछे हटना): To go or move back from a previous position.
• Example: The floodwaters began to recede after the rain stopped.
• Deduct (कटौती करना): To subtract or take away an amount from a total.
• Example: The bank will deduct the charges from your account.

The correct answer is Option 4.

 

Key Points

• The error in the sentence lies in the use of the word "than" after "tea."
• The correct conjunction to use with "prefer" is "to" and not "than."
• The phrase should be "tea to coffee," ensuring grammatical correctness.
• Thus, the error is located in part 4 of the sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

 

Correct Sentence: "I prefer tea to coffee."

The correct answer is 'on'.

 

Key Points

• The preposition "on" is used to indicate insistence or determination regarding an action.
• The phrase "insisted on" is a standard expression that conveys the meaning of firmly demanding or maintaining something.
• Options 1, 3, and 4 are grammatically incorrect in this context.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

 

Complete Sentence: "He insisted on paying the bill."

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "at" is incorrect because "insisted at" is not a valid construction in English.
• Option 3: "by" is incorrect because "insisted by" does not convey the intended meaning.
• Option 4: "for" is incorrect because "insisted for" does not fit the grammatical structure.

The correct answer is Option 4.

 

Key Points

• The verb "refrain" is always followed by "from" when referring to avoiding or abstaining from something.
• Using "refrain to smoke" is incorrect because "to" does not pair with "refrain" in this context.
• The correct phrase is "refrain from smoking," which ensures grammatical accuracy.
• Thus, the bold part of the sentence should be replaced with Option 4.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

 

Correct Sentence: "You must refrain from smoking."

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "quit from smoke" – This is incorrect because "quit" does not require "from" and "smoke" should be changed to "smoking" for proper usage.
• Option 2: "stop to smoke" – This is incorrect because "stop" should be followed by "smoking" (gerund) rather than "to smoke" (infinitive) in this context.
• Option 3: "stop of smoking" – This is incorrect because "stop" is not paired with "of" in standard English usage.

The correct answer is option 4.

Key Points

The misspelled word is 'Perserverence'.

• The correct spelling would be 'Perseverance'.
• The word 'perseverance' is a noun that means 'persistence in doing something despite difficulty or delay in achieving success.' (दृढ़ता)
• For Example -
• Through hard work and perseverance, she was able to achieve her goals.

Therefore, the correct answer would be 'Perserverence'.

Additional Information

Let's understand the meanings of the other marked words - 

• Malfeasance - wrongdoing, especially by a public official (दुराचार)
• Magnanimous - very generous or forgiving, especially toward a rival or someone less powerful (उदार)
• Insatiable - impossible to satisfy (अतृप्त)

The correct answer is: Condemn.

Key Points

• The word "Castigate" means to criticize or reprimand someone severely. It often refers to harsh punishment or verbal scolding. (कड़ी आलोचना करना / डांटना)
• Example: The teacher castigated the student for not completing the assignment on time.
• "Condemn" means to express strong disapproval of something, often in a formal or public manner. It is closely related to castigate as it also involves strong criticism. (निंदा करना)
• Example: The government condemned the violent protests that erupted in the city.
• Hence, we can infer that the word closest in meaning to 'Castigate' is 'Condemn'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Condemn.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Vague (अस्पष्ट): Not clear in meaning or expression; uncertain or ambiguous.
• Example: Her explanation of the project was so vague that no one understood the purpose.
• Dull (नीरस): Lacking brightness, sharpness, or interest; boring.
• Example: The lecture was so dull that half the audience fell asleep.
• Dark (अंधेरा): Having little or no light; gloomy or mysterious.
• Example: The room was dark and filled with an eerie silence.

The correct answer is Option 4.

 

Key Points

• Passive voice structure: The subject of the passive voice sentence becomes the object in the active voice sentence.
• In the passive voice, the sentence is: "This error could have been avoided by careful planning."
• To convert to active voice: Place the subject "careful planning" at the beginning.
• Change the passive verb form "could have been avoided" to "could have avoided" (active voice).
• Ensure clarity by maintaining the meaning of the original sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

 

Correct Sentence: "Careful planning could have avoided this error."

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "This error could be avoided by careful planning." – This is incorrect as it is not in the correct active voice form.
• Option 2: "Someone could have avoided this error." – This is valid but does not emphasize careful planning.
• Option 3: "This error could not have been made." – Incorrect meaning and structure.

The correct answer is Option 2.

 

Key Points

• The primary issue in the sentence lies in the verb "are."
• The word "news" is an uncountable noun and is always treated as singular.
• Instead of "are," the correct verb should be "is."
• Thus, the error is located in Option 2 of the sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

 

Correct Sentence: "The news is too good to be true."

The correct answer is: Option 1 i.e. Express frankly.

Key Points

• The idiom "Speak your mind" means to express your thoughts, opinions, or feelings openly and honestly without hesitation. (खुलकर अपने विचार व्यक्त करना)
• Example: Don’t be afraid to speak your mind during the meeting; your opinions are valuable.
• Express frankly refers to the act of being open, direct, and honest about your thoughts or opinions. (स्पष्ट रूप से व्यक्त करना)
• Example: She expressed frankly how she felt about the changes in the project.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 1 i.e. Express frankly.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Stay silent (चुप रहना): To remain quiet or not speak.
• Example: He chose to stay silent during the heated argument to avoid further conflict.
• Lie (झूठ बोलना): To say something that is not true.
• Example: It’s wrong to lie to your friends, even if you are in a tough spot.
• Gossip (गपशप करना): To talk about other people’s private lives, often in a way that is not entirely truthful or kind.
• Example: They spent the entire lunch break gossiping about their coworkers.

The correct answer is: Utopia.

Key Points

• The word "Utopia" refers to an imaginary ideal place or state of perfection where everything is perfect, especially in terms of society, politics, and morality. (आदर्श लोक)
• Example: Many people dream of creating a utopia where poverty and inequality no longer exist.
• "An imaginary ideal place of perfection" aligns with the definition of Utopia, which is a concept often used in literature and philosophy to describe an ideal society. (आदर्श स्थिति)
• Example: The novel describes a utopia where technology has solved all human problems.
• Hence, the correct word that substitutes the given sentence is "Utopia."

Therefore, the correct answer is: Utopia.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Monarchy (राजतंत्र): A form of government with a king or queen as the head of state.
• Example: The country transitioned from monarchy to a democratic system in the 20^th century.
• Fable (कथा): A short story, typically with animals as characters, conveying a moral lesson.
• Example: The fable of the tortoise and the hare teaches us that slow and steady wins the race.
• Dystopia (कुशासनी लोक): An imagined place or state where everything is unpleasant or bad, typically characterized by oppression or environmental disaster.
• Example: The movie depicts a dystopia where technology has taken over human lives completely.

The correct answer is: Option 1 (Friendly).

Key Points

• The word "amiable" means having or displaying a friendly and pleasant manner. (मिलनसार, सौम्य)
• Example: She greeted everyone with an amiable smile, making them feel welcome.
• "Friendly" refers to someone who acts in a kind, supportive, and warm manner. (दोस्ताना)
• Example: The friendly dog wagged its tail and approached the children eagerly.
• Hence, we can infer that the synonym of 'amiable' is 'friendly'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 1 (Friendly).

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Rude (असभ्य): Lacking courtesy or manners; being impolite.
• Example: His rude behavior offended everyone at the dinner table.
• Hostile (शत्रुतापूर्ण): Showing or feeling opposition or dislike; unfriendly.
• Example: The soldiers encountered a hostile crowd in the occupied city.
• Cold (ठंडा): Lacking in warmth, emotion, or friendliness.
• Example: She gave him a cold stare and walked away without saying a word.

The correct answer is 'for'.

 

Key Points

• The preposition "for" is used to indicate the purpose or reason behind the workers' agitation.
• In the given context, the workers are agitating for better working conditions, making "for" the appropriate choice.
• Options 1, 2, and 4 are grammatically incorrect in this context, as they do not convey the intended meaning.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

 

Complete Sentence: "The workers agitated for better working conditions."

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "at" is incorrect because "at" does not fit the context of agitation for a cause.
• Option 2: "by" is incorrect because "by" suggests a means or method, not the reason or purpose.
• Option 4: "to" is incorrect because "to" is not used to express the purpose or reason for agitation in this context.

The correct answer is Option 2.

 

Key Points

• The word "sceneries" is incorrect because "scenery" is an uncountable noun and does not have a plural form.
• Uncountable nouns, such as "scenery," are used in the singular form and do not take an "s" at the end.
• The correct term should be "The scenery" instead of "The sceneries."
• Thus, the error is in Option 2.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

 

Correct Sentence: "The scenery of Ooty was wonderful."

The correct answer is 'to'.

 

Key Points

• The word "to" is used to show preference between two items.
• The sentence implies a comparison where tea is preferred over coffee.
• Options 1, 2, and 4 are grammatically incorrect in this context.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

 

Complete Sentence: "They prefer tea to coffee."

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "over" is incorrect because "over" is not idiomatic in this context.
• Option 2: "than" is incorrect because "than" is used for comparisons in degrees, not preferences.
• Option 4: "from" is incorrect because it does not convey a sense of preference.

The correct answer is Option 3.

 

Key Points

• The passage begins with the idea that climate change is a global challenge, and the following sentences describe the visible impacts of climate change around the world.
• Sentence R – “Its impacts are visible across the globe.” naturally follows the introduction, as it broadens the context by confirming the global effect.
• Sentence Q – “Melting glaciers are disrupting water supplies in many regions.” logically comes next, as it gives a specific example of the global impact mentioned earlier.
• Sentence P – “Shifting rainfall patterns are already affecting agriculture.” continues by explaining another consequence of climate change after melting glaciers.
• Sentence S – “Rising sea levels threaten low-lying coastal areas.” concludes the series of examples, completing the list of visible impacts before the final statement that calls for global collaboration.
• Hence, the most logical and coherent order of sentences is RQPS.

 

Coherent paragraph after rearrangement:

“Climate change remains one of the biggest challenges of our time. Its impacts are visible across the globe. Melting glaciers are disrupting water supplies in many regions. Shifting rainfall patterns are already affecting agriculture. Rising sea levels threaten low-lying coastal areas. Urgent global collaboration is essential to tackle it.”

The correct answer is Option 2.

 

Key Points

• We need a grammatically correct and meaningful sentence.
• Sentence A starts the sentence with the subject:
• "Several measures"
• Sentence C follows to specify who introduced them:
• "by the government"
• Sentence B comes next as the verb phrase:
• "have been introduced"
• Sentence D completes the purpose:
• "to control inflation"
• Thus, the correct sequence is ACBD.

 

Coherent sentence after rearrangement:

"Several measures by the government have been introduced to control inflation."