English Comprehension PYQs

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

The internet has (1) __________ reshaped the way information is accessed and shared. With a vast array of websites and social media platforms, individuals can (2) __________ connect with others globally. However, this digital age also brings (3) __________ challenges. The spread of misinformation has become a (4) __________ issue, as false content can quickly gain traction. It is essential for users to (5) __________ assess the credibility of sources before believing and sharing information. In this era of rapid data dissemination, cultivating media literacy is of utmost importance.

Read the given passage and answer the question that follows.

Earth Day is an apt moment to consider how our planet, a majestic 4.54 billion years old, is faring. The statistics are not pleasing. Once covered in verdant green, FAO finds Earth has now lost one-third of its forests through human activity. WWF estimates such land-use changes have caused wildlife to decline by 69% in the last 50 years. The loss of natural ecosystems and their engineers, which includes birds, animals, insects and fungi, is literally drying up the world. The UN finds 75% of Earth’s land is degraded while its oceans are 30% more acidic now, choked by plastic and chemical waste. Neither is the air pristine – as pollutants coat the skies, the World Economic Forum finds global CO₂ emissions rose in 2022 to a record high. Such CO₂ covers Earth in a sheath which doesn’t let it release heat into space, trapping this in the atmosphere instead, making Earth 1.11 degrees warmer.

Read the given passage and answer the question that follows.

Earth Day is an apt moment to consider how our planet, a majestic 4.54 billion years old, is faring. The statistics are not pleasing. Once covered in verdant green, FAO finds Earth has now lost one-third of its forests through human activity. WWF estimates such land-use changes have caused wildlife to decline by 69% in the last 50 years. The loss of natural ecosystems and their engineers, which includes birds, animals, insects and fungi, is literally drying up the world. The UN finds 75% of Earth’s land is degraded while its oceans are 30% more acidic now, choked by plastic and chemical waste. Neither is the air pristine – as pollutants coat the skies, the World Economic Forum finds global CO₂ emissions rose in 2022 to a record high. Such CO₂ covers Earth in a sheath which doesn’t let it release heat into space, trapping this in the atmosphere instead, making Earth 1.11 degrees warmer.

Read the given passage and answer the question that follows.

Earth Day is an apt moment to consider how our planet, a majestic 4.54 billion years old, is faring. The statistics are not pleasing. Once covered in verdant green, FAO finds Earth has now lost one-third of its forests through human activity. WWF estimates such land-use changes have caused wildlife to decline by 69% in the last 50 years. The loss of natural ecosystems and their engineers, which includes birds, animals, insects and fungi, is literally drying up the world. The UN finds 75% of Earth’s land is degraded while its oceans are 30% more acidic now, choked by plastic and chemical waste. Neither is the air pristine – as pollutants coat the skies, the World Economic Forum finds global CO₂ emissions rose in 2022 to a record high. Such CO₂ covers Earth in a sheath which doesn’t let it release heat into space, trapping this in the atmosphere instead, making Earth 1.11 degrees warmer.

Read the given passage and answer the question that follows.

Earth Day is an apt moment to consider how our planet, a majestic 4.54 billion years old, is faring. The statistics are not pleasing. Once covered in verdant green, FAO finds Earth has now lost one-third of its forests through human activity. WWF estimates such land-use changes have caused wildlife to decline by 69% in the last 50 years. The loss of natural ecosystems and their engineers, which includes birds, animals, insects and fungi, is literally drying up the world. The UN finds 75% of Earth’s land is degraded while its oceans are 30% more acidic now, choked by plastic and chemical waste. Neither is the air pristine – as pollutants coat the skies, the World Economic Forum finds global CO₂ emissions rose in 2022 to a record high. Such CO₂ covers Earth in a sheath which doesn’t let it release heat into space, trapping this in the atmosphere instead, making Earth 1.11 degrees warmer.

Read the given passage and answer the question that follows.

Earth Day is an apt moment to consider how our planet, a majestic 4.54 billion years old, is faring. The statistics are not pleasing. Once covered in verdant green, FAO finds Earth has now lost one-third of its forests through human activity. WWF estimates such land-use changes have caused wildlife to decline by 69% in the last 50 years. The loss of natural ecosystems and their engineers, which includes birds, animals, insects and fungi, is literally drying up the world. The UN finds 75% of Earth’s land is degraded while its oceans are 30% more acidic now, choked by plastic and chemical waste. Neither is the air pristine – as pollutants coat the skies, the World Economic Forum finds global CO₂ emissions rose in 2022 to a record high. Such CO₂ covers Earth in a sheath which doesn’t let it release heat into space, trapping this in the atmosphere instead, making Earth 1.11 degrees warmer.

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow

An economic theory backed by considerable evidence is that incomes of countries and regions tend to converge over time. The underlying logic is that areas with low-hanging fruit tend to attract capital and other resources that allow them to catch up. India’s region might be an exception to this trend. A national survey on incomes by economic thinktank ‘Price’ shows that the gap between states in southern and western India and many of those in the north, central and east is wide. The worrying part is that it’s diverging. 

Consider the per capita incomes of Bihar and Karnataka in 1989-90, the eve of economic liberation. Karnataka’s per capita income at ₹2,055 a year was almost two times that of Bihar. In 2019-20, the last pre-pandemic year, the gap had widened to over five times with Bihar’s annual per capita income at ₹29,794 and that of Karnataka at ₹1,55, 869. This trend generally holds across states, with the west and south of India pulling away from eastern and central Indian states such as UP and MP. A 2016 paper by IDFC institute observed that India is the only major economy bucking the trends of subnational convergence. 

India’s fiscal architecture and related institutions such as Finance Commission are designed to mitigate the fall out of the gap by allocating the divisible pool of taxes in a manner that brings about a degree of equity between states. However, a combination of economic and fertility divergences makes for an explosive mix. Government of India has projected a national population increase of 311 million between 2011 and 2036. Of this increase, only 9% will come from the five southern states, which the Price survey shows, currently contribute 30% of national income with 20% of the population. 

These trends are playing out in the backdrop of an impending delimitation of political constituencies that can widen fault lines. India’s subnational economic divergence is a trend that deserves more study and policy attention. A lopsided economic structure usually has consequences that ripple out into other areas. Convergence is the only answer to it.

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow

An economic theory backed by considerable evidence is that incomes of countries and regions tend to converge over time. The underlying logic is that areas with low-hanging fruit tend to attract capital and other resources that allow them to catch up. India’s region might be an exception to this trend. A national survey on incomes by economic thinktank ‘Price’ shows that the gap between states in southern and western India and many of those in the north, central and east is wide. The worrying part is that it’s diverging. 

Consider the per capita incomes of Bihar and Karnataka in 1989-90, the eve of economic liberation. Karnataka’s per capita income at ₹2,055 a year was almost two times that of Bihar. In 2019-20, the last pre-pandemic year, the gap had widened to over five times with Bihar’s annual per capita income at ₹29,794 and that of Karnataka at ₹1,55, 869. This trend generally holds across states, with the west and south of India pulling away from eastern and central Indian states such as UP and MP. A 2016 paper by IDFC institute observed that India is the only major economy bucking the trends of subnational convergence. 

India’s fiscal architecture and related institutions such as Finance Commission are designed to mitigate the fall out of the gap by allocating the divisible pool of taxes in a manner that brings about a degree of equity between states. However, a combination of economic and fertility divergences makes for an explosive mix. Government of India has projected a national population increase of 311 million between 2011 and 2036. Of this increase, only 9% will come from the five southern states, which the Price survey shows, currently contribute 30% of national income with 20% of the population. 

These trends are playing out in the backdrop of an impending delimitation of political constituencies that can widen fault lines. India’s subnational economic divergence is a trend that deserves more study and policy attention. A lopsided economic structure usually has consequences that ripple out into other areas. Convergence is the only answer to it.

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow

An economic theory backed by considerable evidence is that incomes of countries and regions tend to converge over time. The underlying logic is that areas with low-hanging fruit tend to attract capital and other resources that allow them to catch up. India’s region might be an exception to this trend. A national survey on incomes by economic thinktank ‘Price’ shows that the gap between states in southern and western India and many of those in the north, central and east is wide. The worrying part is that it’s diverging. 

Consider the per capita incomes of Bihar and Karnataka in 1989-90, the eve of economic liberation. Karnataka’s per capita income at ₹2,055 a year was almost two times that of Bihar. In 2019-20, the last pre-pandemic year, the gap had widened to over five times with Bihar’s annual per capita income at ₹29,794 and that of Karnataka at ₹1,55, 869. This trend generally holds across states, with the west and south of India pulling away from eastern and central Indian states such as UP and MP. A 2016 paper by IDFC institute observed that India is the only major economy bucking the trends of subnational convergence. 

India’s fiscal architecture and related institutions such as Finance Commission are designed to mitigate the fall out of the gap by allocating the divisible pool of taxes in a manner that brings about a degree of equity between states. However, a combination of economic and fertility divergences makes for an explosive mix. Government of India has projected a national population increase of 311 million between 2011 and 2036. Of this increase, only 9% will come from the five southern states, which the Price survey shows, currently contribute 30% of national income with 20% of the population. 

These trends are playing out in the backdrop of an impending delimitation of political constituencies that can widen fault lines. India’s subnational economic divergence is a trend that deserves more study and policy attention. A lopsided economic structure usually has consequences that ripple out into other areas. Convergence is the only answer to it.

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow

An economic theory backed by considerable evidence is that incomes of countries and regions tend to converge over time. The underlying logic is that areas with low-hanging fruit tend to attract capital and other resources that allow them to catch up. India’s region might be an exception to this trend. A national survey on incomes by economic thinktank ‘Price’ shows that the gap between states in southern and western India and many of those in the north, central and east is wide. The worrying part is that it’s diverging. 

Consider the per capita incomes of Bihar and Karnataka in 1989-90, the eve of economic liberation. Karnataka’s per capita income at ₹2,055 a year was almost two times that of Bihar. In 2019-20, the last pre-pandemic year, the gap had widened to over five times with Bihar’s annual per capita income at ₹29,794 and that of Karnataka at ₹1,55, 869. This trend generally holds across states, with the west and south of India pulling away from eastern and central Indian states such as UP and MP. A 2016 paper by IDFC institute observed that India is the only major economy bucking the trends of subnational convergence. 

India’s fiscal architecture and related institutions such as Finance Commission are designed to mitigate the fall out of the gap by allocating the divisible pool of taxes in a manner that brings about a degree of equity between states. However, a combination of economic and fertility divergences makes for an explosive mix. Government of India has projected a national population increase of 311 million between 2011 and 2036. Of this increase, only 9% will come from the five southern states, which the Price survey shows, currently contribute 30% of national income with 20% of the population. 

These trends are playing out in the backdrop of an impending delimitation of political constituencies that can widen fault lines. India’s subnational economic divergence is a trend that deserves more study and policy attention. A lopsided economic structure usually has consequences that ripple out into other areas. Convergence is the only answer to it.