SSC GD Constable (2022) Official Paper (Held On : 23 Jan 2023 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)

Given:

2, 12, 36, ?, 150, 252

The logic followed in the given series:

Here, '80' is the missing number.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

Preparing the family tree diagram by using the following symbols:

As per the given data:

 

 

 

 

 

Given expression: 'P - R × Q + S'

P is the wife of R, R is the brother of Q and Q is the father of S.

Checking all the given options:

(1) P is the sister-in-law of R. → Incorrect

(2) P is the sister-in-law of Q. → Correct

(3) Q is the sister-in-law of P. → Incorrect

(4) P is the sister-in-law of S. → Incorrect

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

The logic followed in the given figure series:

The symbol V's movement is shown below where 'V' rotates 90º in the clockwise direction in each step.

The symbol C's movement is shown below where the symbol 'C' rotates 90º in the anticlockwise direction in each step.

The answer figure is 

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Here, we use the table given below:

Given:

XFCJ, ADFH, ?, GZLD, JXOB

Logic: 'Addition of (3) in the position value of the first and third alphabet and subtraction of (2) from the position value of the second and fourth alphabet'

Here, 'DBIF' is the missing term.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Given:

(4, 8, 256)

(2, 9, 144)

Logic: Third no. = [(First no.) × (Second no.) × 8]

(4, 8, 256) →

⇒ [(4) × (8) × (8)]

⇒ (32 × 8) = 256

(2, 9, 144) →

⇒ [(2) × (9) × (8)]

⇒ (18 × 8) = 144

Checking all the given options:

1. (6, 9, 432) →

⇒ [(6) × (9) × (8)]

⇒ (54 × 8) = 432

2. (4, 9, 258) →

⇒ [(4) × (9) × (8)]

⇒ (36 × 8) = 288

3. (8, 5, 340) →

⇒ [(8) × (5) × (8)]

⇒ (40 × 8) = 320

4. (3, 7, 162) →

⇒ [(3) × (7) × (8)]

⇒ (21 × 8) = 168

Here, (6, 9, 432) shows a similar relation to the given set of numbers.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

The embedded part of this image is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

Given:

Cup : Crockery → Cup is a crockery item.

Similarly,

Sharpener : Stationery → Sharpener is a stationary item.

Here,'Sharpener : Stationery' is the correct pair.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

Here, we use the table given below:

Logic: 'Addition of (1) to the positional value of each alphabet'

APTITUDE : BQUJUVEF →

Similarly, 'ANALOGY' will be written as:

Here, 'ANALOGY' is written as 'BOBMPHZ'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

The mirror image of the given figure is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

Here, we use the table given below:

Given:

STOP, VVSU, YXWZ, ?, EBEJ

The logic followed in the given series is:

Here, 'BZAE' is the missing term.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

Here, we unfold the paper step by step:

Step 1:

Step 2:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

Statements:

All pillows are bed.

Some beds are cupboards.

All cupboards are wood.

The Venn diagram as per the given statements:

Conclusions:

I. Some beds are pillows. → Follow (All pillows are bed, which means some beds are pillows is definitely true)

II. Some cupboards are beds. → Follow (Some beds are cupboards, which means some cupboards are beds also)

III. All wood are cupboards. → not follow (All cupboards are wood, which means some wood are cupboards, all wood are cupboards is a possibility only but not definitely true)

Hence, the correct answer is "Both conclusions I and II follow".

Here, we use the BODMAS table given below:

Given:

⇒ 24 × 16 + 8 - 36 ÷ 18 = 30

(1) - and +

⇒ 24 × 16 + 8 - 36 ÷ 18 = 30

After changing the signs:

⇒ 24 × 16 - 8 + 36 ÷ 18

Apply BODMAS rule:

⇒ 24 × 16 - 8 + 2

⇒ 384 - 8 + 2

⇒ 386 - 8 = 378

Here, the equation is not satisfied.

(2) + and ÷

⇒ 24 × 16 +  8 - 36 ÷ 18 = 30

After changing the signs:

⇒ 24 × 16 ÷ 8 - 36 + 18

Apply BODMAS rule:

⇒  24 × 2 - 36 + 18

⇒ 48 - 36 + 18

⇒ 66 - 36 = 30

⇒'24 × 16 ÷ 8 - 36 + 18 = 30'

Here, the equation is satisfied.

(3) × and -

⇒ 24 × 16 + 8 - 36 ÷ 18 = 30

After changing the signs:

⇒ 24 - 16 + 8 × 36 ÷ 18

Apply BODMAS rule:

⇒ 24 - 16 + 8 × 2

⇒ 24 - 16 + 16

⇒ 40 - 16 = 24

Here, the equation is not satisfied.

(4) ÷ and ×

⇒ 24 × 16 + 8 - 36 ÷ 18 = 30

After changing the signs:

⇒ 24 ÷ 16 + 8 - 36 × 18

Apply BODMAS rule:

⇒ 1.5 + 8 - 36 × 18

⇒ 1.5 + 8 - 648

⇒ 9.5 - 648

⇒ (-638.5)

Here, the equation is not satisfied.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

Given:

1, 9, 41, 169,?

The logic followed in the given series:

Here, '681' is the missing number.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

Here, we use the table given below:

Logic: Addition of (1) in the positional value of the second and fourth alphabet.

'HUMAN' is written as 'HVMBN' →

'BEING' is written as 'BFIOG' →

Similarly, 'NURSE' will be written as:

Here, 'NURSE' is written as 'NVRTE'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Here, we use the table given below:

Logic: Addition of (5) and (4) alternatively into the positional values of letters.

'CRAVE' is written as 'HVFZJ' →

'ROUND' is written as 'WSZRI' →

Similarly, 'BIRDY' will be written as:

Here, 'BIRDY' is written as 'GMWHD'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

The sitting arrangement as per the given information:

1. Kirti sits at one of the corners and Kirti sits third to the left of Shubh.

2. Pari does not sit at any of the corners, Pari is not an immediate neighbour of Kirti and Kanak sits second to the right of Pari.

3. Suman is an immediate neighbour of Charu and Suman does not sit at any of the middle of the sides. 

4. Only three people sit between Suman and Shlok from either side.

Here, Kirti and Shlok are the immediate neighbours of Kanak.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

The sitting arrangement as per the given information is as:

1. Madhu is sitting third to the right of Prem and Suraj is sitting second to the right of Madhu.

2. Raj is an immediate neighbour of Madhu and Nolan.

Here, 'Nolan' is the immediate neighbour of Raj and Prem.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

Here, we use the BODMAS table given below:

Given:

⇒ 785 - 125 + 12 ÷ 6 × 39 = 574

(1) × and +

⇒ 785 - 125 + 12 ÷ 6 × 39 = 574

After changing the signs:

⇒ 785 - 125 × 12 ÷ 6 + 39

Apply BODMAS rule:

⇒ 785 - 125 × 2 + 39

⇒ 785 - 250 + 39

⇒ 824 - 250 = 574

⇒ '785 - 125 × 12 ÷ 6 + 39 = 574'

Here, the equation is satisfied.

(2) × and ÷ 

⇒ 785 - 125 + 12 ÷ 6 × 39 = 574

After changing the signs:

⇒ 785 - 125 + 12 × 6 ÷ 39

Apply BODMAS rule:

⇒ 785 - 125 + 12 × 0.153

⇒ 785 - 125 + 1.836

⇒ 786.83 - 125 = 661.836

Here, the equation is not satisfied.

(3) + and ÷

⇒ 785 - 125 + 12 ÷ 6 × 39 = 574

After changing the signs:

⇒ 785 - 125 ÷ 12 + 6 × 39

Apply BODMAS rule:

⇒ 785 - 10.416 + 6 × 39

⇒ 785 - 10.416 + 234

⇒ 1019 - 10.416 = 1008.58

Here, the equation is not satisfied.

(4) - and +

⇒ 785 - 125 + 12 ÷ 6 × 39 = 574

After changing the signs:

⇒ 785 + 125 - 12 ÷ 6 × 39

Apply BODMAS rule:

⇒ 785 + 125 - 2 × 39

⇒ 785 + 125 - 88

⇒ 910 - 88 = 822

Here, the equation is not satisfied.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

The correct order of words as they would appear in the English dictionary is:

3. vegan
4. vehicle
5. vein
6. venom
7. verify

The correct order is '3, 1, 5, 4, 2'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

The correct answer is 2.

Key Points

• India's rank in world population as of 2022 is 2.
• Option 1: India is not the most populous country in the world. China has the highest population.
• Option 2: India's population is not ranked 5^th in the world. The countries with lower population than India are United States, Indonesia, and Pakistan.
• Option 3: India's population is not ranked 3^rd in the world. The countries with higher population than India are China and United States.
• Option 4: This is the correct answer. As of 2022, India is the second most populous country in the world, with a population of over 1.39 billion people.

Additional Information in 2023

The correct answer is 118.

Key Points

• The modern periodic table consists of 118 elements.
• These elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number.
• The periodic table is divided into groups and periods, with elements in the same group having similar chemical properties.
• The periodic table is a fundamental tool in chemistry, helping scientists predict the behavior of elements and compounds.

The correct answer is (i), (ii) and (iii).

Key Points

• The correct answer is option 3, which means that the GST Council will consist of the Union Finance Minister, the Union Minister of State in charge of Revenue or Finance, and the Minister In-charge of Finance or taxation or any other Minister nominated by each State Government
• Article 279A of the amended Constitution of India is a significant provision that establishes the GST Council as a joint forum of the Centre and the States for the purpose of GST implementation.
• The GST Council is responsible for making recommendations on important issues such as GST rates, exemptions, thresholds, and the division of GST revenue between the Centre and the States.
• The GST Council plays a crucial role in ensuring the smooth implementation of GST and resolving any issues that may arise between the Centre and the States.
• The inclusion of both the Union Finance Minister and the Union Minister of State in charge of Revenue or finance in the GST Council ensures that the Centre's perspective is adequately represented, while the Ministers nominated by each State Government ensure that the States have a say in GST-related matters.

The correct answer is High Yielding Variety.

Key Points

• The Green Revolution was a period in the 1960s and 1970s when farmers adopted new agricultural technologies to increase crop yields and food production.
• One of the key innovations was the development of High Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds, which were specifically bred to produce more crops per acre of land.
• Farmers who used HYV seeds were able to increase their crop yields significantly and produce more food for their communities and countries.
• Monocot and dicot seeds are two types of flowering plants, but they are not specific to the Green Revolution.
• Low Yielding Variety (LYV) seeds were the traditional seeds that farmers used before the Green Revolution, but they were not as productive as HYV seeds.
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 2 - High Yielding Variety seeds.

The correct answer is Ashwini Vaishnaw.

Key Points

• The correct answer to the question "Which Union Minister of India inaugurated the Entrepreneurship Cell and Centre of Innovation at C-DOT campus, Delhi in November 2022?" is option 3, Ashwini Vaishnaw.
• Ashwini Vaishnaw is the current Minister of Electronics and Information Technology and Railways in India.
• The Entrepreneurship Cell and Centre of Innovation at the C-DOT campus in Delhi was inaugurated by Ashwini Vaishnaw in November 2022.
• The Entrepreneurship Cell and Centre of Innovation will provide a platform for startups and entrepreneurs to showcase their ideas, and also provide mentorship The initiative is a part of the government's efforts to promote innovation and entrepreneurship in the country and build a strong ecosystem for startups to thrive.
• Hence, the statement "The correct answer is option 3, Ashwini Vaishnaw" is correct.

Additional Information

• Giriraj Singh is the current Minister of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj in India.
• Subrahmanyam Jaishankar is the current Minister of External Affairs in India.

The correct answer is Meghalaya.

Key Points

• The correct answer is option 1, Meghalaya.
• The 83^rd National Table Tennis Championship was held in Meghalaya in 2022.
• The tournament was organized by the Table Tennis Federation of India (TTFI).
• The championship saw the participation of top players from all over India.
• The event was held at the Shillong Indoor Stadium in Meghalaya.

Additional Information

• Option 2, Assam, is a neighboring state of Meghalaya and has also hosted national level tournaments in the past. However, it was not the host of the 83^rd National Table Tennis Championship in 2022.
• Option 3, Uttar Pradesh, is a state in northern India and has also hosted national level tournaments in the past. However, it was not the host of the 83^rd National Table Tennis Championship in 2022.
• Option 4, Manipur, is a state in northeastern India and has also hosted national level tournaments in the past. However, it was not the host of the 83^rd National Table Tennis Championship in 2022.

The correct answer is Madhabi Puri Buch.

Key Points

• The correct answer is option 4, Madhabi Puri Buch, who became the first-ever woman chief of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI).
• Madhabi Puri Buch was appointed as a whole-time member of SEBI in 2017 and was later elevated to the position of Chairperson in 2020.
• She has over two decades of experience in the financial sector and has previously worked with the National Stock Exchange (NSE) and the International Finance Corporation (IFC).
• Buch has been instrumental in introducing several reforms in the Indian capital markets, including the introduction of the Unified Payments Interface (UPI) for investments in mutual funds.
• Her appointment as the first woman chief of SEBI is a significant milestone in the history of the Indian financial sector and is expected to inspire more women to take up leadership roles in the industry.

Additional Information

• Samantha Cristoforetti is an Italian astronaut who holds the record for the longest uninterrupted spaceflight by a European astronaut.
• Gita Gopinath is an Indian-American economist who currently serves as the Chief Economist of the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
• Manjari Jaruhar is not a known personality.

The correct answer is one gram of protein.

Key Points

• One gram of protein releases 4 kilo calories of energy when metabolized.
• This is because proteins are made up of amino acids, which can be broken down and used by the body for energy.
• One gram of fat releases 9-kilo calories of energy, as fats are a concentrated source of energy.
• 3 grams of protein would release 12-kilo calories of energy, which is three  times the amount stated in the question.

Additional Information

• Proteins are essential macronutrients that are important for building and repairing tissues in the body.
• They are made up of amino acids, which are linked together by peptide bonds.
• Fats are also important macronutrients that provide energy, support cell growth, and protect organs.
• They are composed of fatty acids and glycerol.
• Sugars, or carbohydrates, are another important source of energy for the body.
• They are broken down into glucose, which is used by the cells for energy.
• Four grams of fat is equivalent to about one teaspoon of oil or butter.

The correct answer is 19.

Key Points 

• Article 19 of the Indian Constitution guarantees the right to freedom of speech and expression to all citizens of India.
• This right includes the freedom to express opinions, ideas, and information through any medium, such as speech, writing, printing, or any other means.
• The Constitution also allows reasonable restrictions on this right in the interest of sovereignty, integrity, security, public order, morality, or decency.
• The right to freedom of speech and expression is considered one of the most fundamental rights in a democratic society.

Additional Information 

• Option 2: Article 21 of the Indian Constitution provides the right to life and personal liberty.
• Option 3: Article 21A of the Indian Constitution provides the right to education.
• Option 4**: Article 20** of the Indian Constitution protects against double jeopardy and self-incrimination.

The correct answer is the Arabian Sea.

Key Points 

• The Indian Ocean is the world's third-largest ocean and covers 70,560,000 square kilometers.
• The Arabian Sea is an extension of the Indian Ocean located between the Arabian Peninsula and the Indian subcontinent.
• The Aral Sea, on the other hand, is a landlocked sea located between Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan in Central Asia.
• ​ It was once one of the largest lakes in the world but has shrunk significantly due to irrigation projects and other human activities.
• The Yellow Sea is a marginal sea located between China and Korea and is connected to the East China Sea and the Bohai Sea.
• The Caribbean Sea is located in the Western Hemisphere, bounded by the Caribbean islands and Central and South America.
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 2, Arabian Sea, as it is the only option extending the Indian Ocean.

The correct answer is 1800.

Key Points

• The correct answer is option 3, 1800 years ago.
• Silappadikaram is a famous Tamil epic that tells the story of Kannagi, a woman who seeks justice for her husband's wrongful execution.
• The epic was composed by Ilango Adigal, a Tamil poet and prince who lived during the Sangam period in South India.
• The Sangam period is a period of ancient Tamil history that lasted from the 3^rd century BCE to the 4^th century CE.
• Option 1 (3000 years ago) and option 4 (2600 years ago) are too early for the Sangam period, while option 2 (2200 years ago) is too late for Ilango Adigal's lifetime.

Additional Information

• The Sangam literature is a collection of Tamil poems and epics composed during the Sangam period.
• The Sangam literature is divided into the Ettuthogai (Eight Anthologies) and the Pattupattu (Ten Idylls).
• The Silappadikaram is one of the Five Great Epics of Tamil literature, along with Manimekalai, Civaka Cintamani, Cilappatikaram, Valayapathi and Kundalakesi.
• The Silappadikaris are notable for their vivid descriptions of Tamil culture, society, and religion during the Sangam period.

The correct answer is Tirmoori.

Key Points

• Makar Sankranti is a Hindu festival that marks the transition of the sun into the zodiac sign of Makara (Capricorn).
• It is celebrated across India with different names and traditions.
• The Sindhi community celebrates Makar Sankranti as Teejri, which is also known as Tirmoori in some regions.
• Lal Loi is another festival celebrated by the Sindhi community, which falls on the same day as Makar Sankranti but has different rituals and significance.
• Thadri is a festival celebrated by the Sindhi community to protect themselves from monsoon-related diseases.

Additional Information

• Tirmoori is a Sindhi term that means sesame seeds, which are an essential ingredient in the traditional sweets prepared during the festival.
• Teejri is derived from the word 'Teej', which means the third day after a whole moon night, and it falls on the third day of the dark fortnight of the month of Bhadrapada.
• Lal Loi is also known as Lohri in some regions and is celebrated by lighting bonfires and offering prayers to the God of Fire.
• Thadri is celebrated in the month of Bhadon (August-September) and is dedicated to Goddess Jog Maya, who is believed to protect people from the diseases caused by the monsoon season.

The correct answer is 7.

Key Points

• The correct answer to the question is option 1, i.e., 7 players on each side are allowed on the field at a time in the game of Kabaddi.
• Kabaddi is a contact sport that originated in ancient India and is played between two teams of seven players each.
• The objective of the game is for a player, known as the raider, to enter the opposing team's half of the court, tag as many defenders as possible, and return to their own half without getting tackled by the defenders.
• The defenders, on the other hand, aim to stop the raider by tackling them before they can return to their own half
• Therefore, the correct answer to the question is option 1, i.e., 7 players on each side are allowed on the field at a time in the game of Kabaddi.

The correct answer is West Bengal.

Key Points

• The first jute mill in India was set up in West Bengal in the city of Rishra.
• It was established by George Acland and John Marshall in the year 1855.
• The jute industry grew rapidly in West Bengal due to the availability of raw jute and the proximity to the ports of Kolkata and Howrah.
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 2 - West Bengal.

Additional Information

• Option 1 - Odisha has a significant jute industry, but the first jute mill was not set up in this state.
• Option 3 - Assam also has a jute industry, but the first jute mill was not set up in this state.
• Option 4 - Bihar does not have a significant jute industry, and the first jute mill was not set up in this state.

The correct answer is Shovana Narayan.

Key Points

• Shovana Narayan won various awards and recognitions for her contribution to the development of the Kathak dance form.
• She was awarded the Padma Shri in 1984 and the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award in 1999 for her outstanding contribution to Kathak dance.
• Shovana Narayan was also recognized with the National Award for Creative and Experimental Dance in 1992 and the Delhi State Sahitya Kala Parishad Award in 1980.
• She was also honored with the Rajiv Gandhi Excellence Award and the Woman of the Year Award by the American Biographical Institute in 2006.
• Uday Shankar pioneered modern Indian dance and was known for blending Indian classical dance with Western ballet.
• Kelucharan Mohapatra was a renowned Odissi dancer and guru. Amala Akkineni is an Indian film actress and animal welfare activist.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 3, Shovana Narayan.

The correct answer is final.

Key Points

• The correct option is option 3 - final goods.
• Final goods refer to those goods that are meant for final consumption and not for resale or further processing.
• The total value of final goods and services produced in a year is known as Gross Domestic Product (GDP), which is a measure of the country's economic performance.
• Hence, the statement is correctly answered as option 3 - final goods.

Additional Information

• Intermediary goods (option 1) are those goods that are used in the production of other goods and services and do not have any value in themselves. They are not included in the calculation of GDP.
• Unfinished goods (option 2) are goods that are still in the process of being manufactured and do not have any final value yet. They are also not included in the calculation of GDP.
• Commercial goods (option 4) refer to goods that are used for commercial purposes and can include both final and intermediary goods. This option is not correct as it is too broad and does not specify whether the goods are final or intermediary.

The correct answer is socialist.

Key Points

• The Indian Parliament has accepted the socialist pattern of society as the objective of social and economic policy, as stated in the Directive Principles of State Policy in the Indian Constitution.
• This means that the government's policies aim to reduce social and economic inequalities and promote social justice through measures such as progressive taxation, land reforms, and welfare schemes for marginalized sections of society.
• This socialist approach is also reflected in the nationalization of key industries, such as banking, insurance, and telecommunications, and the promotion of public sector enterprises.
• However, India's economic policies have also undergone liberalization and globalization since the 1990s, emphasizing market-oriented reforms and private-sector participation.
• The capitalist and communist options do not apply to India's economic policies, as they represent extreme ends of the ideological spectrum that do not align with India's mixed economy and democratic socialism.

Additional Information

• Capitalism is an economic system based on private ownership of the means of production and distribution of goods and services, focusing on profit maximization and market competition.
• Free markets, individual rights, and limited government intervention characterize this system.
• Liberalism is a political and economic philosophy emphasizing individual freedom, equality, and the rule of law. In the economic context, it supports free markets, private property, and limited government intervention.
• Communism is a social and economic system based on common ownership of the means of production and the absence of social classes and private property. This system comprises central planning, state control, and collective decision-making.

The correct answer is Orissa.

Key Points

• The correct answer is option 2, Orissa. Veer Lakhan Nayak was a tribal leader from the state of Orissa.
• He was a prominent figure in the Quit India Movement, a major civil disobedience movement launched by the Indian National Congress against British rule in 1942.
• Veer Lakhan Nayak was hanged by the Britishers in 1943 for his involvement in the movement.
• The other options are not correct because Veer Lakhan Nayak was not from those states.
• However, it is worth noting that Bihar, Bengal, and United Provinces (now known as Uttar Pradesh) were also important centers of the Quit India Movement.
• Hence, the statement is correct and Veer Lakhan Nayak was from Orissa.

The correct answer is Sikkim.

Key Points

• The correct answer is option 3, Sikkim.
• Chu Faat is a popular folk dance of Sikkim, which is performed during festivals and special occasions.
• The dance is performed by both men and women, and it involves intricate footwork and graceful hand movements.
• The dance reflects the rich cultural heritage of Sikkim and is an important part of the state's identity.
• Nagaland is known for its traditional dance forms like the Naga Warrior Dance, the Hornbill Dance, and the Bamboo Dance. Arunachal Pradesh is known for its Bardo Chham and Yak Dance, while Assam is known for its Bihu Dance and Sattriya Dance.
• Hence, the statement "Chu Faat is the folk dance of Sikkim" is correct.

The correct answer is "Pey Jal Survekshan".

Key Points

• "Pey Jal Survekshan" is the correct option as it is a survey conducted by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs to assess the service level compliance of cities in terms of water supply, sewerage and septage management, reuse and recycling of used water, and conservation of water bodies.
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 1, "Pey Jal Survekshan," which is specifically related to the assessment of service level compliance for water supply and management.
• "Ayushman Bharat" is a health insurance scheme launched by the Government of India to provide financial protection to citizens for their healthcare needs.
• "Namami Gange" is a flagship program of the Government of India to rejuvenate the Ganga river and its tributaries.
• The "Indradhanush scheme" is a vaccination program launched by the Government of India to immunize children against seven vaccine-preventable diseases.

Shortcut Trick

Using the property: First Number × Second Number = HCF × LCM

Given one number is 7, HCF is 7, and LCM is 84.

Second Number = (7 × 84) ÷ 7 = 84

Difference between the two numbers = 84 − 7 = 77

∴ The correct answer is 77.

Alternate Method

Given:

HCF of two numbers = 7

LCM of two numbers = 84

First number (let's say a) = 7

Let the second number be b.

Formula Used:

Product of two numbers = HCF × LCM

Calculations:

⇒ a × b = HCF × LCM

⇒ 7 × b = 7 × 84

⇒ b = (7 × 84) ÷ 7

⇒ b = 84

The second number is 84.

Now, we need to find the difference between the two numbers.

⇒ Difference = b − a

⇒ Difference = 84 − 7 = 77

∴ The correct answer is 77.

Additional Information

Product Rule for HCF and LCM

For any two positive integers a and b, the product of the numbers is equal to the product of their HCF and LCM. Formula: a × b = HCF(a, b) × LCM(a, b). Note that this rule is strictly valid only for two numbers.

Co-prime Numbers

If two numbers are co-prime (having no common factor other than 1), their HCF is always 1 and their LCM is simply the product of the two numbers.

HCF and LCM of Fractions

HCF of fractions = (HCF of numerators) ÷ (LCM of denominators). Similarly, LCM of fractions = (LCM of numerators) ÷ (HCF of denominators).

Relation between HCF and LCM

The HCF of any given set of numbers is always a perfect divisor (factor) of their LCM.

Given:

The manufacturer's profit margin is 10%.

The distributor's profit margin is 5%.

The cost to the customer is Rs. 11,500.

Concept:

The selling price for a party is the cost price for the next party in the supply chain.

Calculation:

Let's denote the distributor's cost price (which is the manufacturer's selling price) as D.

⇒ 105% of D = Rs. 11,500

⇒ D = Rs. 11,500 / 1.05 ≈ Rs. 10,952.38.

Let's denote the manufacturer's cost price as M.

⇒ 110% of M = Rs. 10,952.38

⇒ M = Rs. 10,952.38 / 1.10 ≈ Rs. 9,956.71.

The manufacturer's profit is therefore D - M ≈ Rs. 10,952.38 - Rs. 9,956.71 ≈ Rs. 995.67.

Therefore, the profit earned by the manufacturer is approximately Rs. 995.

Given:

Distance 1 = 100m, Time 1 = 200s

Distance 2 = 200m, Time 2 = 400s

Concept used:

Average Speed = Total Distance / Total Time

Calculation:

Total Distance = 100m + 200m = 300m

Total Time = 200s + 400s = 600s

Average Speed = 300m / 600s = 0.5 m/s

Hence, the average speed of the person is 0.5 m/s.

Given:

Fractions = 5/8, 4/9, 1/4, 11/18

Concept:

Compare fractions by converting them to decimals.

Solution:

Convert the fractions to decimal.

⇒ 5/8 = 0.625, 4/9 = 0.44, 1/4 = 0.25, 11/18 = 0.61

Arrange them in ascending order.

⇒ 1/4 < 4/9 < 11/18 < 5/8

Hence, the correct ascending order of the fractions is 1/4 < 4/9 < 11/18 < 5/8.

Given data:

(Mohit + Shivam)'s time = 4 days

(Shivam + Mukesh)'s time = 5 days

(Mohit + Mukesh)'s time = 6 days

Concept:

Work done = Time × Efficiency

Calculation:

Total work = LCM(4, 5, 6) = 60

Efficiency of Mohit and Shivam = 60/4 = 15

Efficiency of Shivam and Mukesh = 60/5 = 12

Efficiency of Mohit and Mukesh = 60/6 = 10

Total efficiency of Mohit, Shivam and Mukesh = (15 + 12 + 10)/2 = 37/2

Work completed by three of them if working together = 60/(37/2) = 120/37 = 3$9\over37$

Hence, Mohit, Shivam and Mukesh together can finish the work in 3$9\over37$ days.

Shortcut Trick 

Time taken by B to complete the whole work = 18 days.

According to the question,

B takes 33.33% less time than C.

33.33% = 1/3

So, the ratio of time taken by B and C = 2 : 3

⇒ 2 units = 18 days

⇒ 1 unit = 9 days

Time taken by C to complete the whole work = 3 units = 3 × 9 = 27 days.

Hence, the time taken by C to complete the work is 27 days.

Alternate Method

Given data:

(A + B + C)'s time = 9 days

B's time = 18 days

B's time is 33.33% less than C's time

Concept:

Work = Time ×  Efficiency

Calculation:

Work rate of A, B, and C together = 1/9 work/day

Work rate of B alone = 1/18 work/day

Therefore, work rate of A and C together = 1/9 - 1/18 = 1/18 work/day

Since B takes 33.33% less time than C, C takes 50% more time than B

Therefore, work rate of C = 2/3 ×  work rate of B = 2/3 ×  1/18 = 1/27 work/day

Time taken by C to complete the work = 1/(1/27) = 27 days

Therefore, C will take 27 days to complete the work.

Hence, the time taken by C to complete the work is 27 days.

Given:

Manufacturer's discount = 25%

Retailer's discount = 28%

Concept:

Net single discount = 1 - (1 - Discount1) ×  (1 - Discount2)

Solution:

Step 1: Compute the net single discount.

⇒ Net single discount = 1 - (1 - 0.25) ×  (1 - 0.28)

⇒ Net single discount = 1 - 0.75 ×  0.72

⇒ Net single discount = 1 - 0.54

⇒ Net single discount = 0.46 or 46%

Hence, the single discount equivalent to the two discounts offered is 46%.

Given:

Principal (P) = Rs. 25,000

Rate of interest (r) = 12% p.a.

Time (t) = 1 year

Compound interest is quarterly

Concept Used:

Compound interest formula when compounded quarterly: A = P × (1 + r/400)^(4t) 

Calculation:

⇒ A = 25000 ×  (1 + 12/(4 × 100))⁽⁴⁾

⇒ A = 25000 ×  (1 + 3/100)(4)

⇒ A = 25000 ×  (103/100)(4

⇒ A = Rs. 28,137.72

⇒ Interest = A - P = 28,137.72 - 25,000 = Rs. 3,137.72

Therefore, Sonia would have to pay Rs. 3,137.72 as interest on the loan.

Given:

Diameter of each sphere = 3 cm (radius = 1.5 cm)

Diameter of cylinder = 4 cm (radius = 2 cm)

Height of cylinder = 54 cm

Concept:

Volume of sphere = 4/3πr³

Volume of cylinder = πr²h

The volume of the spheres should be equal to the volume of the cylinder since the spheres are melted into the cylinder.

Calculation:

⇒ Volume of each sphere = 4/3π × (1.5)³

⇒ Volume of cylinder = π × (2)² × 54

⇒ Number of spheres = (π × (2)² × 54) / (4/3π × (1.5)³)

⇒ Number of spheres = (54 × 3) /(1.5)³

⇒ Number of spheres = (54 × 3) /(1.5)³

⇒ Number of spheres = 48

Therefore, 48 metallic spheres should be melted to mould into the given solid cylinder.

Calculation:

x[-3{-6(-a)}] + 6[-3{-3(-a)}] = 6a

x[-3{6a}] + 6[-3{3a}] = 6a

x[-18a] + 6[-9a] = 6a

x[-18] + 6[-9] = 6

x[-18] = 6 + 54

x = - 60/18 = - 10/3

Therefore, Value of x is -$\frac{10}{3}$

Given:

Ramu's salary = Bhema's salary - 10% of Bhema's salary

Concept:

Percentage increase formula: Increase = (Final Value - Initial Value)/Initial Value ×  100%

Solution: 

Let Bhema's salary be 100%. Then Ramu's salary is 90%.

The increase from Ramu's salary to Bhema's salary is 100% - 90% = 10%.

The percentage increase from Ramu's salary to Bhema's salary is (10%/90%) ×  100% ≈ 11.11%.

Hence, Bhema's salary is approximately 11.11% more than Ramu's salary.

Given:

Selling price after discount = Rs. 13392

Discount = 28%

Concept:

Price before discount = Selling price / (1 - Discount rate)

Solution:

Step 1: Calculate the marked price (price before discount).

⇒ Marked price = Selling price / (1 - Discount rate) = 13392 / (1 - 0.28) = Rs. 18600

Hence, the marked price of the article is Rs. 18600.

Given:

Ratio of Teena's income to Sheena's income = 2 ∶ 3

Ratio of Teena's expenditure to Sheena's expenditure = 3 ∶ 5

Each saves Rs. 1000

Concept:

Income = Expenditure + Savings

Solution:

Let 2x and 3x be the incomes of Teena and Sheena, respectively. Let 3y and 5y be their expenditures, respectively.

Using the fact that each saves Rs. 1000, we get two equations: 2x - 3y = 1000 and 3x - 5y = 1000.

Solving these two equations, we find x = 2000 and y = 1000.

Hence, Teena's income is 2x = 2 ×  2000 = Rs. 4000.

Hence, Teena's income is Rs. 4000.

Shortcut Trick

Given: 85(x − y) = 35(x + y)

Divide both sides by 5: 17(x − y) = 7(x + y)

Rearranging the ratio: (x + y) / (x − y) = 17 / 7

Applying Componendo and Dividendo: x / y = (17 + 7) / (17 − 7) = 24 / 10 = 12 / 5

Required % = (y / x) × 100% = (5 / 12) × 100% = 41 ²/₃%

∴ The correct answer is 41 ²/₃%.

Alternate Method

Given:

85% of (x − y) = 35% of (x + y)

Calculations:

⇒ (85 / 100) × (x − y) = (35 / 100) × (x + y)

⇒ 85(x − y) = 35(x + y)

⇒ 17(x − y) = 7(x + y)

⇒ 17x − 17y = 7x + 7y

⇒ 17x − 7x = 7y + 17y

⇒ 10x = 24y

⇒ x / y = 24 / 10

⇒ x / y = 12 / 5

⇒ y is what percentage of x = (y / x) × 100%

⇒ Percentage = (5 / 12) × 100%

⇒ Percentage = 500 / 12% = 125 / 3%

⇒ Percentage = 41 ²/₃%

∴ The correct answer is 41 ²/₃%.

Additional Information

Percentage Base Rule

To find what percentage one quantity (y) is of another base quantity (x), always place the "is" value in the numerator and the "of" value in the denominator: (y / x) × 100%.

Componendo and Dividendo Theorem

If a ratio p / q = r / s, it can directly be written as (p + q) / (p − q) = (r + s) / (r − s). This theorem is the best shortcut whenever you see sum and difference of variables equated to fractions.

Given:

Principal (P) = Rs. 4,00,000

Annual interest rate (r) = 14%

Compounded half-yearly

Time (t) = 2 years

Concept:

Compound interest formula: A = P ×  (1 + r/n)^(nt), where n is the number of compounding periods per year, and A is the total amount after t years.

Solution:

⇒ A = P ×  (1 + r/(2n))^(2nt) = 400000 ×  (1 + 0.14/2)^{(2 × 2)} = Rs. 5,24,318.40

⇒ Interest = A - P = 5,24,318.40 - 4,00,000 = Rs.  1,24,318.40

Hence, the interest that Radha repays after 2 years is Rs. 1,24,318.40

Shortcut Trick

When two trains of equal length cross a pole in t₁ and t₂ seconds respectively.

Time taken to cross each other in same direction = [2 × t₁ × t₂] ÷ [t₂ − t₁]

⇒ Time = [2 × 13 × 26] ÷ [26 − 13]

⇒ Time = [2 × 13 × 26] ÷ 13 = 2 × 26 = 52 seconds.

∴ The correct answer is 52 sec.

Alternate Method

Given:

Length of each train = L (Let LCM of 13 and 26 = 26 units)

Time taken by Train 1 = 13 sec | Time taken by Train 2 = 26 sec

Formula Used:

Speed = Distance ÷ Time | Relative Speed (Same Direction) = S₁ − S₂

Calculations:

⇒ Let length of each train (L) = 26 m

⇒ Speed of Train 1 (S₁) = 26 ÷ 13 = 2 m/s

⇒ Speed of Train 2 (S₂) = 26 ÷ 26 = 1 m/s

⇒ Relative Speed = S₁ − S₂ = 2 − 1 = 1 m/s

⇒ Total distance to cross each other = L + L = 26 + 26 = 52 m

⇒ Time taken = Total Distance ÷ Relative Speed = 52 ÷ 1 = 52 seconds

∴ The correct answer is 52 sec.

Additional Information

Relative Speed in Opposite Direction

When two objects move in opposite directions, their relative speed is the sum of their individual speeds (S₁ + S₂).

Crossing a Stationary Object

To cross a pole or a person, a train must cover a distance equal to its own length (L). To cross a platform of length P, it must cover (L + P).

Unit Conversion

To convert km/hr to m/s, multiply by 5/18. To convert m/s to km/hr, multiply by 18/5.

Shortcut Trick

For the largest cube inside a sphere, the diagonal of the cube is equal to the diameter of the sphere.

Diagonal of cube = a√3 = 2 × radius = 2 × 15√3

⇒ Side of cube (a) = 30 cm

Total Surface Area = 6a² = 6 × (30)² = 6 × 900 = 5400 cm²

∴ The correct answer is 5,400 cm².

Alternate Method

Given:

Radius of the wooden sphere (R) = 15√3 cm

Formula Used:

⇒ Diameter of sphere = 2 × R

⇒ Diagonal of a cube = a√3 (where 'a' is the side)

⇒ Total Surface Area (TSA) of cube = 6a²

Calculations:

⇒ Diameter of the sphere = 2 × 15√3 = 30√3 cm

⇒ Since the cube is the largest possible, its body diagonal must match the sphere diameter.

⇒ a√3 = 30√3

⇒ a = 30 cm

⇒ TSA of cube = 6 × (30)²

⇒ TSA = 6 × 900

⇒ TSA = 5400 cm²

∴ The correct answer is 5,400 cm².

Additional Information

Cube in Sphere

When a cube is inscribed in a sphere, the diameter of the sphere is equal to the body diagonal of the cube: D = a√3.

Sphere in Cube

When a sphere is inscribed in a cube, the diameter of the sphere is equal to the side of the cube: D = a.

Surface Area and Volume

Surface area of sphere = 4πR² and Volume of sphere = (4/3)πR³.

Shortcut Trick

CP of 1 pencil = 12 ÷ 15 = ₹0.80

SP of 1 pencil = ₹1.50

Ratio of CP : SP = 0.80 : 1.50 = 8 : 15

Profit ratio = 15 − 8 = 7

Profit % = (7 ÷ 8) × 100 = 87.50%

∴ The correct answer is 87.50%.

Alternate Method

Given:

Total CP of 15 pencils = ₹12

SP of 1 pencil = ₹1.50

Formula Used:

Profit = Total SP − Total CP

Profit % = (Profit ÷ Total CP) × 100

Calculations:

⇒ Total SP for 15 pencils = 15 × 1.50 = ₹22.50

⇒ Profit = 22.50 − 12 = ₹10.50

⇒ Profit % = (10.50 ÷ 12) × 100

⇒ Profit % = (1050 ÷ 12) = 87.50%

∴ The correct answer is 87.50%.

Additional Information

Marked Price & Discount

Discount is always calculated on the Marked Price (MP). SP = MP − Discount.

Successive Discount

If two successive discounts of a% and b% are given, equivalent discount = (a + b − ab ÷ 100)%.

Dishonest Dealer

When a dealer sells goods at CP but uses a false weight, Profit % = (True Weight − False Weight) ÷ False Weight × 100.

Given:

Length of the track = 1200 m = 1.2 km

Speed of A = 27 km/h

Speed of B = 45 km/h

Concept:

When two bodies move in the same direction, their relative speed is the difference of their speeds.

Time = Distance / Speed

Solution:

⇒ Relative speed = Speed of B - Speed of A = 45 - 27 = 18 km/h

⇒ Time = Distance / Speed = 1.2 / 18

⇒ 0.0667 hours = 0.0667 ×  60 ×  60 = 240 seconds

Hence, they will meet again for the first time on the track after 240 seconds.

Given:

Cost of Variety A = Rs. 80 per litre

Cost of Variety B = Rs. 100 per litre

Desired cost of the mixture = Rs. 92 per litre

Concept:

In a mixture, the ratio of quantities of two ingredients is inversely proportional to the difference of their individual cost and the cost of the mixture.

Solution:

Step 1: The proportion of Variety A and Variety B is given by:

⇒ (Cost of B - Desired cost) : (Desired cost - Cost of A)

⇒ (100 - 92) : (92 - 80)

⇒ 8 : 12 = 2 : 3

Hence, the scientist should mix the varieties A and B in the proportion 2 : 3 to get the mixture worth Rs. 92 per litre.

The correct answer is "their".

Key Points

• Let's analyse each option:
• They are flat. This doesn't make sense in this context because "they are" cannot be used to show possession of the flat.
• Their flat. This is the correct option.
• ​"Their" is a possessive pronoun used to show that the flat belongs to them (a group of people).
• The sentence would correctly read: "She liked their flat."
• There flat. This is incorrect. "There" is used to refer to a place or position, not to denote possession.
• They're flat. This is also incorrect. "They're" is a contraction of "they are", which does not show possession.
• So, in conclusion, the sentence should say: "She liked their flat."
• ​This means she liked the flat that belonged to them, some other unspecified people.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The correct answer is option (3) i.e. "hotter now".

Key Points

• "more hot now" is grammatically incorrect. It should be "hotter now."
• ‘hot’ is an adjective. It has three degrees. Hot (positive), Hotter (comparative) and Hottest (superlative).
• The adjectives that have comparative forms do not need to add ‘more’ before them.
• For example: Better (CORRECT), More good (INCORRECT), Quicker (CORRECT), More quick (INCORRECT).
• Hence, the correct answer is "hotter now".

Therefore the correct sentence is " It is hotter now".

Additional Information

• The adjectives that do not have any comparative forms need to add ‘more’ before them. Generally, adjectives with two or more than two syllables take more before them.
• For example: Beautiful- More beautiful. Boring- More boring.

The correct answer is option (3) i.e. "diary will be of benefit".

Key Points

• "diary will of benefit"  is grammatically incorrect. There must be a main verb after 'will'.
• Option 3) "diary will be of benefit" is grammatically correct and carries the proper meaning that the diary will provide a benefit or be advantageous if used and kept updated.
• Hence, option (3) is the most appropriate to substitute the underlined segment in the given sentence.

Therefore, the correct sentence is "**Your work diary will be of benefit if you use it and keep all the information updated". 

Additional Information

• Let's check why the other options are not appropriate to substitute the underlined segment in the given sentence.
• Option 1 "diary will benefit of" is grammatically incorrect; "benefit from" would be proper but still implies that the diary itself benefits, which doesn't fit.
• Option 2 "diary will benefitted" incorrectly uses the past tense verb "benefitted" without an auxiliary verb, and wrongly suggests the diary itself benefits.
• Option 4 "diary of benefit" is a sentence fragment without a verb, it lacks completeness, not fully conveying the meaning as the original sentence.

The correct answer is option (1) i.e. 'Refrain'.

Key Points

• Forbore : (संयम बरता) - means the act of refraining or abstaining from something.
• Example: Even though he was tempted, he forbore from eating the last piece of cake. (Present form is forbear)
• Refrain : (परहेज़) - means to stop oneself from doing something.
• Example: Despite the insult, she refrained from responding in kind.

Therefore, the correct answer is  'Refrain'.

Additional Information

• Submit : (प्रस्तुत) - Accept or yield to a superior force or to the authority or will of another person. 
• Example: You must submit your application before the deadline to be considered.
• Yield : (उत्पादन) - To produce or provide (profit, results, crop, etc.), or to give way to arguments, demands, or pressure.
• Example: The apple trees yielded a good crop this year.
• Surrender : (समर्पण) - Cease resistance to an enemy or opponent and submit to their authority.
• Example:  The army had no choice but to surrender after days of being outnumbered and outgunned.

The correct answer is option (3) i.e. 'Contagion'.

Key Points

• Contagion : (स्‍पर्श या संपर्क से फैलने वाला रोग, रोग का संक्रमण) - The situation in which a disease is spread by touching someone or something.
• Example: The rapid contagion of the Coronavirus forced the city into lockdown.

*Therefore, the correct answer is **'*Contagion'.

Additional Information 

• Fatal : (घातक) - Causing death.
• Example: The car accident was fatal, sadly leaving no survivors.
• Infected : (संक्रमित) - Having the presence of a pathogen that causes disease.
• Example: The wound got infected because it was not cleaned and bandaged properly.
• Malleable : (लचीला) - Able to be hammered or pressed into shape without breaking or cracking.
• Example: Gold is a malleable metal, that’s why it's often used in jewellery.

The correct answer is option (2).

Key Points 

• The phrase "on the ball" is an idiomatic expression in English.
• It means to be alert, attentive, knowledgeable; and quick to understand and react to a situation. (किसी भी परिवर्तन या विकास से अवगत रहें और उन पर त्वरित प्रतिक्रिया दें)
• For example: if a person solves a problem at work very quickly, a colleague may say - "You're really on the ball today!"
• Hence, "on the ball" means to be aware of any changes or developments and quick to react to them.
• Only option (2) suggests the exact meaning of the given idiom.

Therefore, the correct answer is “Aware of any changes or developments and quick to react to them”.

Important Points

• We can remember this idiom in this way. A batsman always keeps his eye on the ball.

The correct answer is option (3) i.e. ‘gnu’.

Key Points

• The given sentence implies that they saw something in the city last year.
• A noun will fill in the blank. Gnu is the only noun in the option.
• Gnu: (कृष्णसार या कुरंग) wildebeest; native to Eastern and Southern Africa.

Therefore, the complete sentence is We saw a gnu in the city last year.

Additional Information

• Know (जानना) - To have information in your mind, be aware of, or understand.
• New (नया) - Recently made or produced, not old.
• No (नहीं) - A negative answer or decision.
• GNU:

The correct answer is 'Airy.'

 Key Points

• Drenched means to be completely soaked or wet. (पूरी तरह से गीला होना।)
• Example Sentence: After the sudden downpour, I was absolutely drenched.
• Airy refers to having a lot of fresh air inside. In this context, it's the best antonym as it implies not being loaded or burdened with moisture. (हवादार।)
• Example Sentence: After hanging my clothes out to dry in the sun, they felt so airy and fresh.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

 Additional Information

• Fresh: Not previously known or used; new or different. (पहले से ना जाना गया या प्रयोग किया गया; नया या अलग।)
• Damp: Slightly wet. (हल्का गीला।)
• Lively: Full of life and energy; active and outgoing. (जीवन और ऊर्जा से भरपूर; सक्रिय और आवगमन।)

The correct answer is option (2) i.e. ‘Cordial’.

Key Points

• Bleak : (ख़राब, बुरी; निराशापूर्ण स्थिति) lacking in warmth, life, or kindliness, or lacking in warmth and cheerfulness.
• Example: The forecast looks bleak for the next week.
• Cordial : (आत्मिक और मैत्रीपूर्ण) Warm, friendly, and sincere in manner or expression.
• Example: Their cordial greeting made me feel welcome at the event.
• From the above example, it is clear that ‘Cordial’ is the most appropriate antonym of ‘Bleak’ among the other three words.

Therefore, the correct answer is ‘Cordial’.

Additional Information 

• Fatigued : (थका हुआ) Physically or mentally exhausted or tired.
• Example: After a long day at work, he felt fatigued and just wanted to rest.
• Clustered : (समूह में विकसित या स्थित होना) growing or situated in a group. 
• Example: The houses in the village were clustered around the central square.
• Desolate : (उदास) Empty, barren, and devoid of life or inhabitants, often with a sense of loneliness and sadness. 
• Example: The desert was vast and desolate, with nothing but sand dunes for miles.

The correct answer is option (3) i.e. ‘Permission’.

Key Points

• Sanctions: (आधिकारिक अनुमति, (किसी काम की) official permission to do or change something.
• Example: The project could not be started without the sanction of the government.
• Permissions: (अनुमतियाँ) Formal or official approval to do something.
• Example: She obtained the necessary permissions before starting construction on her property.
• Hence, ‘Permission’ is the synonym of ‘Sanctions’.

Therefore, the correct answer is ‘Permission’.

Additional Information

• Committees: (समितियाँ) Groups of people appointed to perform a specific task or make decisions.
• Example: The committee was formed to review the proposed changes to the company's policies.
• Unholiness : (अधर्म) The state of being impure, wicked, or contrary to religious or moral standards.
• Example: The villagers believed that the abandoned house was a place of unholiness and avoided it after dark.
• Substances : (पदार्थ) Materials or matter with distinct properties that can be physical, chemical, or biological in nature.
• Example: Chemists study various substances to understand their composition and properties.

Important Points

• Read the spelling of the word 'CO MM I TT EE' (Committee). It is often asked in many examinations as a spelling.

The correct answer is option (2).

Key Points

• The correctly spelt sentence is ‘There were two separate sections of students in my school.”
• Separate : (अलग) - Forming or viewed as a unit apart or by itself.
• Example: They decided to separate their personal life from their professional life for better balance.
• The spelling of ‘SEPARATE’ is incorrect in all other three sentences given in the options.

Therefore, the correct answer is "There were two separate sections of students in my school".

Important Points

• Read the spellings carefully. These spellings are often asked in the examinations. (Separate, Desperate and Deliberate)
• Desperate : (हताश) - Feeling or showing a hopeless sense that a situation is so bad as to be impossible to deal with.
• Deliberate : (जानबूझकर) - Done consciously and intentionally.

The correct answer is option (4).

Key Points

• The incorrect spelling is ‘Inadvartent’.
• The CORRECT spelling is ‘INADVERTENT’. It means (अनजाने में) - Not resulting from or achieved through deliberate planning.
• Example: The inadvertent omission of a comma changed the entire meaning of the sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is ‘Inadvartent’.

Additional Information 

• Irresponsible : (अज़िम्मेदार) - Not showing a proper sense of responsibility.
• Example: Leaving a little boy alone at home is an irresponsible act.
• Capacious : (विशाल) - Having a lot of space; roomy.
• Example: The new house has a capacious kitchen suitable for family gatherings.
• Ravishing : (मनोहारी) - Delightful; entrancing.
• Example: The bride looked ravishing in her wedding gown.

The correct answer is 'they are arriving'.

 Key Points

• The tense used in the sentence is the Future Continuous tense where we use 'will be + present participle' ("be learning" in this case). This tense is used to describe an ongoing or unfinished action in the future.
• When using 'when' in sentences with Future Continuous tense, the clause that follows 'when' should be in the Simple Present tense to describe a future action or situation.
• The phrase 'they are arriving' is an improper use of the Present Continuous tense in the context of this sentence. The correct usage would be the Simple Present tense – 'they arrive'.
• The correct sentence would be "Smith will be learning French when they arrive".

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

 Additional Information

• The concept involved in identifying this grammatical error is understanding tense agreement, which refers to the matching of the tenses in a sentence to maintain consistency and proper chronological description of events.

The correct answer is option (1) i.e. **'**Acknowledged'.

Key Points

• Admitted : (स्वीकार किया) - Accepted as true or acknowledged.
• Example: He admitted his mistake and apologized for his actions.
• Acknowledged : (मान्यता दी) - Recognized, typically officially.
• Example: His hard work was acknowledged with an Employee of the Month award.
• Hence, 'Acknowledged' is the most appropriate synonym of the given word in the brackets.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Acknowledged'.

The complete sentence after replacing 'admitted' is "The teacher has acknowledged the student's sincere apologies."

Additional Information 

• Executed : (क्रियान्वित किया) - Carried out or put into effect.
• Example: The team executed the plan perfectly, resulting in a successful project.
• Neglected : (उपेक्षित) - Failed to care for or look after properly.
• Example: He neglected to write to her.

Denied : (अस्वीकार कर दिया) - to refuse to admit or accept something.

• Example: She denied having any involvement in the scheme.

The correct answer is option (1) i.e. "To be very expensive".

Key Points 

• The idiom "break the bank" means to use up all of one's money or resources. So in the given sentence, it implies that "she had to use a lot of money or perhaps all her savings to buy that purse".
• Break the Bank - To be very expensive; to surpass the limits of one's budget or resources. (बहुत महँगा होना; किसी के बजट की सीमा को पार करना)
• Example: Buying that luxury car would certainly break the bank; it's way too expensive for me.

Therefore, the correct answer is "To be very expensive".

The correct answer is option (3) i.e. ‘write’.

Key Points

• Darwin planned to ____ a book describing his….
• ‘write’ is the most suitable in this context. Because a book is generally written by somebody else to describe something.
• For example: Rabindranath Tagore wrote many novels.
• Therefore, the word ‘write’ contextually fits in the sentence.

Therefore, the correct sentence is Darwin planned to (1) write a book describing his (2)_____ He spent nearly twenty years (3) _____the matter for his book, which was to deal with every known fact concerning the problem of the species. Unluckily for Darwin, a naturalist named Wallace had been (4) _____over the same problems and had reached the same solution. He sent Darwin an essay which almost word for word repeated Darwin's own ideas. Yet Wallace, who was an (5) ____, had been working far away in the Malay Archipelago, whilst Darwin had not left England for several years.

Additional Information

• Scribble : (रफ़ूचकार) - Write or draw (something) quickly or carelessly, not suitable in this context.
• Script : (लिपि) - The written text of a play, film, or broadcast, not relevant here.
• Paint : (रंग लगाना) - Apply color to (a surface) with a brush, doesn’t fit the context.

The correct answer is option (1) i.e. ‘discoveries’.

Key Points

• Darwin planned to (1) write a book describing his (2) _____ He spent nearly twenty years (3) _____the matter for his book,
• Darwin planned to write a book where he wanted to describe something that he did in twenty years.
• In this context ‘discoveries’ (खोज) is the most appropriate to fill in the blanks.
• ‘Discoveries’ means findings of a long research and study. It says that he wanted to describe his twenty years of studies.
• Therefore, the word ‘discoveries’ contextually fits in the sentence.

Therefore, the correct sentence is Darwin planned to (1) write a book describing his (2) discoveries. He spent nearly twenty years (3) _____the matter for his book, which was to deal with every known fact concerning the problem of the species. Unluckily for Darwin, a naturalist named Wallace had been (4) _____over the same problems and had reached the same solution. He sent Darwin an essay which almost word for word repeated Darwin's own ideas. Yet Wallace, who was an (5) ____, had been working far away in the Malay Archipelago, whilst Darwin had not left England for several years.

Additional Information 

• Facts : (तथ्य) - A thing that is known or proved to be true, not suitable in this context.
• Articles : (लेख) - A piece of writing included with others in a newspaper, magazine, or other publication, doesn’t fit the context.
• Failures : (असफलता) - Lack of success, not relevant here.

The correct answer is option (3) i.e. ‘collecting’.

Key Points

• He spent nearly twenty years (3) _____the matter for his book, which was to deal with every known fact concerning the problem of the species.
• To write a book an author has to accumulate many findings for his book.
• In this context ‘collecting’ (संग्रह) fits the best to fill in the blank. It means to bring or gather together.

Therefore, the correct sentence is Darwin planned to (1) write a book describing his (2) discoveries. He spent nearly twenty years (3) collecting the matter for his book, which was to deal with every known fact concerning the problem of the species. Unluckily for Darwin, a naturalist named Wallace had been (4) _____over the same problems and had reached the same solution. He sent Darwin an essay which almost word for word repeated Darwin's own ideas. Yet Wallace, who was an (5) ____, had been working far away in the Malay Archipelago, whilst Darwin had not left England for several years.

Additional Information

• Making : (निर्माण) - The process of making or producing something, not relevant here.
• Observing : (अवलोकन) - Notice or perceive (something) and register it as being significant, not suitable in this context.
• Dispersing : (विकीर्ण करना) - Distribute or spread over a wide area gives a completely different sense.

The correct answer is option (2) i.e. ‘thinking’.

Key Points 

• Unluckily for Darwin, a naturalist named Wallace had been (4) _____over the same problems and had reached the same solution.
• In this sentence ‘thinking’ (सोचना) is more appropriate rather than ‘searching’. It indicates that the thinking of both Darwin and Wallace was the same.
• Hence, ‘thinking’ is the correct answer.

Therefore, the correct sentence is Darwin planned to (1) write a book describing his (2) discoveries. He spent nearly twenty years (3) collecting the matter for his book, which was to deal with every known fact concerning the problem of the species. Unluckily for Darwin, a naturalist named Wallace had been (4) thinking over the same problems and had reached the same solution. He sent Darwin an essay which almost word for word repeated Darwin's own ideas. Yet Wallace, who was an (5) ____, had been working far away in the Malay Archipelago, whilst Darwin had not left England for several years.

Additional Information 

• Dreaming : (सपने देखना) - Experience dreams during sleep, not suitable in this context.
• Saving : (बचत) - An economy of or reduction in money, time, or another resource, not relevant here.
• Searching : (खोज) - Try to find something by looking or otherwise seeking carefully and thoroughly, doesn’t fit the context.

The correct answer is option (4) i.e. ‘explorer’.

Key Points

• Yet Wallace, who was an (5) ____, had been working far away in the Malay Archipelago, whilst Darwin had not left England for several years.
• From the passage, it is clear that Wallace was also researching the problem of species. He had been working far away in the Malay Archipelago. It means he was travelling here and there to collect the matter.
• ‘explorer’ (अन्वेषक) - A person who explores an unfamiliar area; an adventurer.
• Hence, ‘explorer’ is the most appropriate to fill in the blank.

Therefore, the correct sentence is Darwin planned to (1) write a book describing his (2) discoveries. He spent nearly twenty years (3) collecting the matter for his book, which was to deal with every known fact concerning the problem of the species. Unluckily for Darwin, a naturalist named Wallace had been (4) thinking over the same problems and had reached the same solution. He sent Darwin an essay which almost word for word repeated Darwin's own ideas. Yet Wallace, who was an (5) explorer had been working far away in the Malay Archipelago, whilst Darwin had not left England for several years.

Additional Information 

• For this particular question we can eliminate the option (1) and (3), because the blank starts with an ‘an’. After an ‘an’ there must be a vowel sound letter.
• Creator : (निर्माता) - A person or thing that brings something into existence, doesn’t fit the context.
• Artist : (कलाकार) - A person who produces paintings or drawings as a profession or hobby, not relevant here.
• Wanderer : (भटकने वाला) - A person who travels aimlessly; a traveller, not suitable in this context.

वाक्य में रेखांकित शब्द के स्थान पर सर्वोचित शब्द "बौछार" है। अन्य विकल्प असंगत है। 

Key Points

• वाक्य- गोलियों की बाढ़ के सामने कोई न टिक सका।
• इस वाक्य में बाढ़ शब्द के स्थान पर बौछार शब्द का प्रयोग होगा।
• बौछार का अर्थ-
• हवा के झोंके से वर्षा की तिरछी आती हुई बूँदों का समूह।

Important Pointsअन्य विकल्प-

रिक्त स्थान की पूर्ति उचित शब्द "लाल" होगा। अन्य विकल्प असंगत है।

Key Points

Important Pointsअन्य महत्वपूर्ण मुहावरें- 

सही उत्तर है - दासत्व, घौद, जुलाहा

Key Points

'जो बहुत बोलता है' वाक्यांश के लिए उपयुक्त शब्द "वाचाल" है। अन्य विकल्प असंगत है।

Key Points

• जो बहुत बोलता है- वाचाल।​

अन्य विकल्प-

Important Pointsकुछ अन्य महत्वपूर्ण वाक्यांश-

वाक्य संज्ञा के प्रयोग की दृष्टि से शुद्ध वाक्य "चौकीदार पर ही चोर होने का संदेह है।" होगा। अन्य विकल्प असंगत है।

Key Points

• शुद्ध वाक्य- चौकीदार पर ही चोर होने का संदेह है।

Important Points

मुहावरे और उनके अर्थ का निम्नलिखित में से  "हाथ पीले करना - असंभव को संभव करना" युग्म गलत है। अन्य विकल्प असंगत है।

Key Points

Important Points

अन्य महत्वपूर्ण मुहावरें- 

वाक्य में रेखांकित शब्द 'सुगंध' का विलोम "दुर्गंध" है। अन्य विकल्प असंगत है। 

Key Points

• वाक्य- इस पुष्प की सुगंध मनभावन है।
• इस वाक्य में सुगंध' शब्द का विलोम दुर्गंध होगा।
• सुगंध का अर्थ- 
• सुगंधित वस्तु।
• दुर्गंध का अर्थ- 
• बुरी गंध, बदबू।

अन्य विकल्प- 

Important Pointsअन्य उदाहरण-