SSC GD Constable (2022) Official Paper (Held On : 23 Jan 2023 Shift 2) (Previous Year Paper)

Here, we use the table given below:

Logic: Addition of (5) and subtraction of (4) from the positional values of the alphabets alternatively.

‘CHILL’ is written as ‘HDNHQ’ →

'HARSH’ is written as ‘MWWOM’ →

Similarly, 'DEVIL' will be written as:

Here, 'DEVIL' is written as 'IAAEQ'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

Here, we use the table given below:

Given:

KDN, JEO, GHQ, ?, UTX, LCC

Logic: 'Subtraction of consecutive odd numbers from the position value of the first alphabet, Addition of consecutive odd numbers in the position value of the second alphabet and  Addition of consecutive natural numbers in the position value of the third alphabet'

Here, 'BMT' is the missing term.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Given:

3, 11, 27, 59,?

The logic followed in the given series:

Here, '123' is the next number.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Preparing the family tree diagram by using the following symbols:

As per the given data:

 

 

 

 

 

Given expression: 'U + Q ^ R @ N & C ^ I@ J # A'

U is the father of Q, Q is the mother of R, R is the sister of N, N is the brother of C, C is the mother of I, I is the sister of J and J is the wife of A.

Checking all the given options:

(1) A is the son of C. → Incorrect

(2) Q is the mother of N. → Correct

(3) U is the maternal grandfather of R. → Correct

(4) C is the daughter of Q. → Correct

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Here, we use the table given below:

Given:

NOTK, LQQN, ?, HUKT, FWHW

Logic: 'Subtraction of (2) and addition of (2) in the positional value of the first and second letter and Subtraction of (3) and addition of (3) in the positional value of the third and fourth letter'

Here, the missing term is 'JSNQ'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

As per the given information, the codes are:

Here, '3' is the code for 'Love'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

Here, we unfold the paper step by step:

Step 1:

Step 2:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

Statements:

Some fans are big.

All big are coats.

Some coats are flat.

The Venn diagram as per the given statements:

Conclusions:

I. All fans are big. → not follow (All fans are big can be possible but not definitely true)

II. Some coats are big. → Follow (All big are coats, which means some coats are big is definitely true)

III. Some flats are coats. → Follow (Some coats are flat, which means some flat are coats is definitely true)

Hence, the correct answer is "Conclusions II and III follow".

Given:

5, 9, 25, 97, 481,?

The logic followed in the given series:

Here, '2881' is the next number.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

The logic followed in the given figure series:

From Figure (1) to (2):

The symbols move as shown below and R changes into B.

From Figure (2) to (3):

The symbols move as shown below and M changes into V.

 

From Figure (3) to (4):

The symbols move as shown below and B changes into C.

From Figure (4) to Answer Figure (5):

The symbols move as shown below and V changes into a triangle.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

Here, we use the table given below:

Logic: 'The positional value of alphabets is multiplied by (2)'

ROSE : 36303810 →

Similarly, 'LILY' will be coded as:

Here, '24182450' is the code for 'LILY'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

The correct order of words as they would appear in the English dictionary is:

3. Leap
4. Learn
5. Lease
6. Least
7. Leave

The correct order is '3, 2, 4, 5, 1'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

Here, we use the BODMAS table given below:

Given:

⇒ 7 * 10 * 280 * 2 * 10 * 80

(1) ×, =, ÷, +, −

⇒ 7 * 10 * 280 * 2 * 10 * 80

After changing the signs:

⇒ 7 × 10 = 280 ÷ 2 + 10 - 80

Apply BODMAS rule:

⇒ 70 = 140 + 10 - 80

⇒ 70 = 150 - 80

⇒ 70 = 70

Here, the equation is satisfied.

(2) =, ÷, ×, +, − 

⇒ 7 * 10 * 280 * 2 * 10 * 80

After changing the signs:

⇒ 7 = 10 ÷ 280 × 2 + 10 - 80

Apply BODMAS rule:

⇒ 7 = 0.035 × 2 + 10 - 80

⇒ 7 = 0.0714 + 10 - 80

⇒ 7 = (-69.92)

Here, the equation is not satisfied.

(3) ×, +, =, ÷, −

⇒ 7 * 10 * 280 * 2 * 10 * 80

After changing the signs:

⇒ 7 × 10 + 280 = 2 ÷ 10 - 80

Apply BODMAS rule:

⇒ 70 + 280 = 0.2 - 80

⇒ 350 = (-79.8)

Here, the equation is not satisfied.

(4) −, +, ×, ÷, =

⇒ 7 * 10 * 280 * 2 * 10 * 80

After changing the signs:

⇒ 7 - 10 + 280 × 2 ÷ 10 = 80

Apply BODMAS rule:

⇒ 7 - 10 + 280 × 0.2 = 80

⇒ 7 - 10 + 56 = 80

⇒ 63 - 10 = 80

⇒ 53 = 80

Here, the equation is not satisfied.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

The mirror image of the given figure is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

The sitting arrangement as per the given information is as:

1. A sits to the immediate left of C and D is an immediate neighbour of C.

2. E sits third to the right of D and B is an immediate neighbour of both E and F.

Here, B sits to the immediate right of F.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

Here, we use the BODMAS table given below:

Given:

⇒ 124 - 8 + 96 ÷ 16 × 20 = 12

(1) - and ×

⇒ 124 - 8 + 96 ÷ 16 × 20 = 12

After changing the signs:

⇒ 124 × 8 + 96 ÷ 16 - 20

Apply BODMAS rule:

⇒ 124 × 8 + 6 - 20

⇒ 992 + 6 - 20

⇒ 998 - 20 = 978

Here, the equation is not satisfied.

(2) - and +

⇒ 124 - 8 + 96 ÷ 16 × 20 = 12

After changing the signs:

⇒ 124 + 8 - 96 ÷ 16 × 20

Apply BODMAS rule:

⇒ 124 + 8 - 6 × 20

⇒ 124 + 8 - 120

⇒ 132 - 120 = 12

⇒ '124 - 8 + 96 ÷ 16 × 20 = 12'

Here, the equation is satisfied.

(3) + and ÷

⇒ 124 - 8 + 96 ÷ 16 × 20 = 12

After changing the signs:

⇒ 124 - 8 ÷ 96 + 16 × 20

Apply BODMAS rule:

⇒ 124 - 0.0833 + 16 × 20

⇒ 124 - 0.0833 + 320

⇒ 444 - 0.0833

⇒ 443.91

Here, the equation is not satisfied.

(4) × and ÷

⇒ 124 - 8 + 96 ÷ 16 × 20 = 12

After changing the signs:

⇒ 124 - 8 + 96 × 16 ÷ 20

Apply BODMAS rule:

⇒ 124 - 8 + 96 × 0.8

⇒ 124 - 8 + 76.8

⇒ 200.8 - 8 = 192.8

Here, the equation is not satisfied.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

The sitting arrangement as per the given information is as:

1. S is sitting to the immediate left of Q and U is sitting to the immediate right of Q.

2. P is the immediate neighbour of T and S.

Here, 'P' is sitting to the immediate right of T.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

Logic: 'Alphabets are written diagonally'

FACTORY : AFTCYRO →

FASHION : AFHSNOI →

Similarly, 'EXPLAIN' will be written as:

Here, 'EXPLAIN' is written as 'XELPNIA'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Given:

(6, 9, 324)

(5, 8, 240)

Logic: Third no. = [(First no.) × (Second no.) × 6]

(6, 9, 324) →

⇒ [(6) × (9) × (6)]

⇒ (54 × 6) = 324

(5, 8, 240) →

⇒ [(5) × (8) × (6)]

⇒ (40 × 6) = 240

Checking all the given options:

1. (10, 6, 360) →

⇒ [(10) × (6) × (6)]

⇒ (60 × 6) = 360

2. (9, 4, 232) →

⇒ [(9) × (4) × (6)]

⇒ (36 × 6) = 216

3. (8, 5, 280) →

⇒ [(8) × (5) × (6)]

⇒ (40 × 6) = 240

4. (9, 5, 260) →

⇒ [(9) × (5) × (6)]

⇒ (45 × 6) = 270

Here, (10, 6, 360) shows a similar relation to the given set of numbers.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

The embedded part of this image is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

The correct answer is Loo.

Key Points

• Loo is a robust, hot and dry local wind that blows in the northern parts of India, especially in the months of May and June.
• It is also known as "loo winds" or "loo storms".
• These winds can cause heat strokes and dehydration in people.
• The word "loo" is derived from the Hindi word "loo," which means a hot wind.
• Loo winds are caused by the intense heating of the Thar desert and the adjoining areas during summer.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 3, Loo.

Additional Information 

• Mango showers, mentioned in option 1, are pre-monsoon rains that occur in some parts of the country in the months of May and June.
• They are called so because they coincide with the ripening of mangoes.
• Cherry blossoms, mentioned in option 2, are unrelated to India's weather.
• They are a phenomenon that occurs in Japan and some other countries, where the cherry trees bloom in spring, usually in April.
• Kalbaisakhi, mentioned in option 4, is a local name for the Nor'westers, a type of thunderstorm that occurs in eastern India, especially in West Bengal, Bihar, and Assam, during the pre-monsoon season.

The correct answer is Atomic size.

Key Points

• The distance between the center of the nucleus and the outermost shell of an isolated atom is called the atomic size.
• Atomic size is determined by the number of shells or energy levels an atom has.
• The atomic size decreases from left to right across a period and increases from top to bottom down a group in the periodic table.
• The atomic size plays a crucial role in determining an element's chemical and physical properties.
• Isotope refers to the atoms of an element that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.
• Atomic mass is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.

The correct answer is City Water Action Plan.

Key Points

• The correct option is 2) City Water Action Plan.
• CWAP stands for City Water Balance Plans.
• City Water Action Plan is a plan that is devised based on the projects identified in City Water Balance Plans.
• The plan focuses on managing and conserving water resources in urban areas.
• Option 1) City Water Area Plan, Option 3) Conserve Water Action Plan, and Option 4) City Water Action Period are not the correct options as they do not accurately describe the plan that is devised based on the projects identified in City Water Balance Plans.

The correct answer is Bharata.

Key Points

• Bharata is believed to be the author of 'Natyashastra', a Sanskrit text on performing arts.
• 'Natyashastra' is an ancient Indian treatise on the performing arts, including dance, music, and theater.
• The text is considered to be the foundation of Indian classical dance and theater traditions.
• Shankara is a philosopher and theologian who lived in the 8th century CE, and his works focus on Advaita Vedanta philosophy.
• Raghava and Vishnu are not known for their contributions to the performing arts or the authorship of 'Natyashastra'.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 2 - Bharata.

The correct answer is Kusum Devi.

Key Points

• The correct answer is option 2, Kusum Devi, who became a Member of the Legislative Assembly from Gopalganj, Bihar in November 2022.
• Nitish Kumar, option 1, is the current Chief Minister of Bihar.
• He was elected as the Chief Minister for the fourth consecutive term in November 2020.
• Lalmuni Chaubey, option 3, is a member of the Bihar Legislative Council.
• He was elected as a Member of the Legislative Council from the Teachers' Constituency in 2020.
• Narendra Modi, option 4, is the current Prime Minister of India.
• He is not a member of the Bihar Legislative Assembly.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 2, Kusum Devi, who became a Member of the Legislative Assembly from Gopalganj, Bihar in November 2022.

The correct answer is 166.

Key Points

• Option 4, i.e., Article 166 of the Indian Constitution, deals with the Conduct of Business of the Government of a State.
• The article describes the procedure to be followed in the State Legislature, including the conduct of proceedings, voting, and related matters.
• The article also lays down the responsibilities of the Governor, Chief Minister, and other Ministers in the State Government with respect to the conduct of business.
• This article ensures that the State Government functions in a systematic and orderly manner and the interests of the citizens are protected.

Additional Information

• Article 132 deals with the Appellate Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court, which means the power of the Supreme Court to hear appeals against the judgments of lower courts.
• Article 178 deals with the Constitution of Legislatures in States, which means the composition, powers, and functions of the State Legislatures.
• Article 144 deals with the Enforcement of Orders and Decrees of Courts, which means the duty of all authorities to enforce the orders and decrees of the courts within their jurisdiction.

The correct answer is the nominal exchange rate.

Key Points

• The nominal exchange rate refers to the price of one unit of foreign currency in terms of domestic currency.
• It is also known as the spot exchange rate and is the most commonly used exchange rate in international trade and finance.
• A fixed exchange rate refers to a system where a country's currency is pegged to another currency or a basket of currencies, and the exchange rate remains constant.
• The real exchange rate, on the other hand, takes into account the inflation rates of the two countries and measures the purchasing power of one currency in relation to another.
• Pegged float rate is a hybrid system where the exchange rate is allowed to float within a certain range, but the central bank intervenes to keep it within the range.

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The correct answer is Kuchipudi.

 Key Points

• Vempati Chinna Satyam received recognition in the dance form of Kuchipudi.
• Kuchipudi is a classical dance form that originated in the state of Andhra Pradesh in India.
• It is known for its graceful movements, intricate footwork, and storytelling through dance.
• Mohiniattam is a classical dance form from the state of Kerala, while Sattriya is a classical dance form from the state of Assam.
• Creative dance is a modern form of dance that allows for individual expression and creativity.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 3, Kuchipudi.

The correct answer is  India.

Key Points

• India's constitution is the longest in the world, with 448 articles and 12 schedules.
• The constitution was adopted on January 26, 1950, and has since undergone several amendments.
• The constitution outlines the fundamental rights and duties of Indian citizens, as well as the structure and functions of the government.
• The constitution is considered a living document, as it has been amended over 100 times to reflect changing social, political, and economic conditions in India.

 

Additional Information

• Option 2: Indonesia's constitution has 37 chapters and 194 articles. It was adopted in 1945 and has been amended several times since then.
• Option 3: Canada's constitution is not a single document, but rather a collection of laws, conventions, and court decisions. It includes the Constitution Act of 1867, the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, and other statutes and regulations.
• Option 4: The United States of America's constitution has 7 articles and 27 amendments. It was adopted in 1787 and has since been amended several times. The Bill of Rights, which outlines individual rights and freedoms, is the first of 10 amendments to the Constitution.

The correct answer is (a)-(ii), b-(iii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(i).

Key Points

• The correct options are matched below.

The correct answer is Sesamum.

Key Points

• Sesamum is a kharif crop in north India as it requires a hot and humid climate, while in south India, it is grown as a rabi crop as the weather conditions are suitable for its growth during winters.
• Mustard is a rabi crop mainly grown in northern and central parts of India during winter.
• Castor is a kharif crop mainly grown in the states of Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, and Rajasthan during the monsoon season.
• Linseed is also a rabi crop mainly grown in the northern and central parts of India during the winter season.

Additional Information 

• Sesamum, also known as sesame or til is widely used in Indian cuisine for its nutty flavor and high nutritional value. It is also used for making oil, sweets, and other food products.
• Mustard is a rich omega-3 fatty acids, protein, and dietary fiber source. It is used for making mustard oil, pickles, and condiments.
• Castor is a medicinal plant; its oil is used for various purposes, such as treating skin problems, constipation, and arthritis. It is also used to manufacture soaps, lubricants, and plastics.
• Linseed is also known as flaxseed and is a rich source of omega-3 fatty acids, lignans, and dietary fiber. It is used for making oil, bread, and other food products. It is also used to manufacture textiles, paper, and paint.

The correct answer is  Shigmo.

 

Key Points

• Shigmo is a spring festival celebrated in the Indian state of Goa.
• It is also known as Shigmotsav and is celebrated in the month of Phalguna, which falls between February and March.
• Shigmo is a Hindu festival that celebrates the arrival of spring and the victory of good over evil.
• The festival is marked by colorful processions, folk dances, and musical performances.

Additional Information 

• Option 2: Mim Kut
• Mim Kut is a harvest festival celebrated by the Mizos, a tribe in the northeastern state of Mizoram.
• It is celebrated in August or September to give thanks for a bountiful harvest.
• Option 3: Losar
• Losar is a Tibetan festival that marks the beginning of a new year.
• It is celebrated in February or March and is a time for families to gather, eat traditional foods, and perform religious rituals
• Option 4: Rouf
• Rouf is a folk dance that originated in the Kashmir Valley in northern India.
• It is performed during the harvest season and is a celebration of the beauty of nature.
  

The correct answer is 1 m.

Key Points

• The width of the lobby marked on the sides of the Kabaddi playfield is 1 meter.
• The lobby is a designated area around the playfield where players wait for their turn to play.
• Option 1 (2.5 meters) and option 4 (2 meters) are too wide for a lobby.
• Option 2 (1.5 meters) is also wider than the standard width of the lobby in Kabaddi.

Additional Information

• Kabaddi is a popular contact sport in South Asia.
• The playfield is a rectangle measuring 13 meters by 10 meters.
• The lobby is marked on the two longer sides of the playfield, and its width is usually 1 meter.
• The lobby is also known as the bonus line or the do-or-die line.
• The lobby is an important part of the game as it determines whether the raider (the attacking player) can score points by crossing it.

The correct answer is The Constitution of India.

Key Points

• The document referred to in the question is the Constitution of India.
• Dr. Rajendra Prasad signed the Constitution of India as the first President of India on November 26, 1949.
• The Constitution of India is the supreme law of India and provides the framework for governance and fundamental rights of citizens.
• The Constitution of India was drafted by the Constituent Assembly, formed in 1946 and included representatives from all parts of India.
• The Constitution of India came into effect on January 26, 1950, which is celebrated as Republic Day in India.

Additional Information 

• Option 1: The Instrument of Accession refers to the legal document signed by the rulers of princely states in India to accede to either India or Pakistan after the partition in 1947.
• Option 2: The first Constitution draft was prepared by the drafting committee of the Constituent Assembly in 1947 and underwent several revisions before the final version was signed in 1949.
• Option 4: The Preamble to the Constitution of India is an introductory statement that outlines the objectives and principles of the Constitution. The Constituent Assembly also adopted it along with the Constitution on November 26, 1949.

The correct answer is capital receipts.

 Key Points

• Capital receipts are the government's income that creates liability or reduces financial assets.
• These receipts are generated from sources such as borrowing, sale of assets, and recovery of loans.
• Examples of capital receipts include proceeds from the sale of shares of public sector undertakings, external borrowings, and recovery of loans.
• Service agreements, on the other hand, are contracts between the government and other entities for the provision of services, and revenue receipts are generated from taxes, fees, and fines collected by the government.
• Hence, the correct answer to the given question is option 2 - capital receipts.

The correct answer is Arunachal Pradesh.

Key Points

• As per the Census 2011, Arunachal Pradesh has the lowest population density among all the Indian states.
• The population density of Arunachal Pradesh is 17 people per square kilometer.
• Sikkim, Nagaland, and Mizoram have population densities of 86, 119, and 52 people per square kilometer respectively.
• Arunachal Pradesh is located in the northeastern part of India and shares its borders with Bhutan, China, and Myanmar.
• The state is known for its diverse tribal culture, scenic beauty, and rich biodiversity.

Additional Information

• Sikkim is the least populous state in India with a population of around 6.6 lakh as per the Census 2011. It is known for its natural beauty, Buddhist culture, and adventure tourism.
• Nagaland is a state located in the northeastern part of India and is known for its rich tribal culture and scenic beauty. It has a population of around 20 lakh as per the Census 2011.
• Mizoram is a state located in the northeastern part of India and is known for its natural beauty, rich tribal culture, and unique cuisine. It has a population of around 10 lakh as per the Census 2011.

The correct answer is Eknath Sambhaji Shinde.

Key Points

• Eknath Sambhaji Shinde is a member of the Shiv Sena party and was sworn in as the new Chief Minister of Maharashtra on June 6, 2022.
• Shinde succeeded Uddhav Thackeray, who served as the Chief Minister of Maharashtra from 2019 to 2022.
• Before becoming the Chief Minister, Shinde held various positions in the Maharashtra government, including Minister of Public Works and Minister of Water Resources.
• Shinde is also known for his work in the field of agriculture and has been actively involved in farmers' movements in the state.

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Additional Information 

• Prithviraj Chavan is a former Chief Minister of Maharashtra who served from 2010 to 2014. He is a member of the Indian National Congress party.
• Uddhav Thackeray is a politician and the founder of the Shiv Sena party. He served as the Chief Minister of Maharashtra from 2019 to 2022.
• Devendra Fadnavis is a politician and a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). He served as the Chief Minister of Maharashtra from 2014 to 2019.

The correct answer is Tokyo Olympics.

Key Points

• Indian weightlifter Saikhom Mirabai Chanu created history in 2021 when she became the first Indian weightlifter to clinch a silver medal at the Tokyo Olympics. Here are some additional points to consider:
• At the Tokyo Olympics, Saikhom Mirabai Chanu won the silver medal in the women's 49 kg weightlifting category.
• This was India's first medal at the Tokyo Olympics and the first Olympic medal in weightlifting for India since 2000.
• Saikhom Mirabai Chanu is a former world champion in weightlifting and has previously won gold medals at the Commonwealth Games and the Asian Championships.
• The other options mentioned in the question are not correct. The Netherlands Championship and World Championship in Spain do not exist for weightlifting. While there is an Asian Championship, Saikhom Mirabai Chanu has already won gold medals at that event in the past.
• Therefore, the correct option is 1) Tokyo Olympics.

The correct answer is The share of agriculture in GDP declines.

Key Points

• Structural changes refer to the shift in the composition of an economy from one sector to another.
• The decline in the share of agriculture in GDP is a common indicator of structural changes in a developing country.
• This decline is usually accompanied by an increase in the share of the industrial and service sectors.
• Option 1 is incorrect as it suggests a decrease in the share of the industrial sector, which is not a typical indicator of structural changes.
• Option 4 is not a plausible scenario as it would mean that the country is heavily dependent on agriculture and has not diversified its economy.
• Option 3 is also incorrect as it contradicts the notion of structural changes and suggests that the country is moving towards a more agrarian economy.
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 2, which indicates that the country is undergoing structural changes as it shifts away from agriculture toward other sectors.

The correct answer is Ayurveda.

Key Points

• Charaka is known as the father of Ayurveda.
• Charaka was an ancient Indian physician who lived around 300-200 BCE.
• He is believed to have written the Charaka Samhita, one of the foundational texts of Ayurveda, which is still studied and used today.
• Ayurveda is a system of traditional medicine that originated in India and is based on the idea of balancing the body, mind, and spirit to promote health and prevent disease. It includes practices such as herbal medicine, massage, and yoga.
• Charaka's contributions to Ayurveda were significant.
• He is credited with developing the concept of the three doshas (vata, pitta, and Kapha), which are believed to govern the body's functions and need to be in balance for good health. He also emphasized preventive medicine and the importance of a healthy lifestyle.
• While Charaka is best known for his work in Ayurveda, the other options in question are also important cultural and artistic traditions in India.

Additional Information

• Yoga is a spiritual and physical practice that has gained popularity around the world, while Indian Raga is a musical form that has been used in classical Indian music for centuries. Classical dance in India encompasses a variety of styles and techniques that are an important part of Indian culture and history.

Given:

Speed of the bullet train = 84 km/h

Speed of the bus = 66 km/h

Concept:

The formula for average speed when the distance covered is same while going and returning is given by 2ab/(a+b).

Calculation:

⇒ Average speed = 2 ×  84 ×  66 / (84 + 66)

⇒ Average speed = 73.92 km/h

Therefore, the average speed for the entire journey is 73.92 km/h.

Given:

Discounted price = Rs.400

Selling price after increase = Rs.520

Concept:

Gain percentage is calculated as (Gain/Cost Price)*100.

Calculation:

⇒ Cost price after discount = 400/(1-0.20)

⇒ Cost price = Rs.500

⇒ Gain = 520 - 500

⇒ Gain percentage = (Gain/Cost Price)*100

⇒ Gain percentage = 0.04

Therefore, the gain percentage is 0.04 or 4%.

Given:

Cost price of chair = Rs.1200

Selling price of chair = Rs.1440

Concept:

Profit percentage is calculated as (Profit/Cost Price)*100.

Calculation:

⇒ Profit = Selling price - Cost price

⇒ Profit = 1440 - 1200 = Rs.240

⇒ Profit percentage = (Profit/Cost Price)*100

⇒ Profit percentage = 0.20 or 20%

Therefore, the profit percentage is 0.20 or 20%.

Shortcut Trick

The ratio of CSA to TSA for a right circular cylinder is CSA / TSA = h / (h + r).

Given CSA is one-third of TSA, so CSA / TSA = 1 / 3.

Equating the ratios: h / (h + r) = 1 / 3

⇒ 3h = h + r

⇒ 2h = r ⇒ h = (1/2)r

∴ The correct answer is h = (1/2)r.

Alternate Method

Given:

Curved Surface Area (CSA) = (1/3) × Total Surface Area (TSA)

Formula Used:

CSA of cylinder = 2πrh

TSA of cylinder = 2πrh + 2πr² = 2πr(h + r)

Calculations:

⇒ 2πrh = (1/3) × 2πr(h + r)

⇒ 2πrh ÷ 2πr(h + r) = 1/3

⇒ h / (h + r) = 1/3

⇒ 3 × h = 1 × (h + r)

⇒ 3h = h + r

⇒ 2h = r

⇒ h = (1/2)r

∴ The correct answer is h = (1/2)r.

Additional Information

Volume of Cylinder

The volume of a cylinder is given by the formula V = πr²h, where r is the radius and h is the height.

Surface Area of Cone

The curved surface area of a cone is πrl and the total surface area is πr(l + r), where l is the slant height.

Surface Area of Sphere

The total surface area of a sphere is 4πr², as it does not have flat surfaces, its CSA and TSA are the same.

Given:

Manish can do a piece of work in 7 days.

Anil can do the same piece of work in 6 days.

The wage for the full work is Rs. 390.

Concept:

If Manish and Anil work together, the amount of work done is the sum of their individual works done in a day. Their individual wages will be proportional to the amount of work

they do.

Calculation:

⇒ Work done by Manish in 1 day = 1/7

⇒ Work done by Anil in 1 day = 1/6

⇒ Work done by both in 1 day = 1/7 + 1/6 = 13/42

⇒ Manish's share of the work = (1/7) / (13/42) = 6/13

⇒ Manish's wage = 6/13 ×  390 = Rs. 180

Therefore, Manish will earn Rs. 180.

Given:

Increase in income = 12%

Increase in expenditure = 8%

Expenditure : savings ratio = 7 : 3

Concept:

The change in savings can be found by using the formula: (new income - new expenditure) / old savings ×  100%.

Calculation:

⇒ Old income = Expenditure + savings = 10 (assuming the sum of the ratio as the base)

⇒ New income = Old income ×  1.12 = 10 ×  1.12 = 11.2

⇒ New expenditure = Old expenditure ×  1.08 = 7 ×  1.08 = 7.56

⇒ Increase in savings = New income - New expenditure = 11.2 - 7.56 = 3.64

⇒ Percentage increase in savings = (Increase in savings / Old savings) ×  100% = (3.64 / 3) ×  100% = 21.33%

Therefore, the savings will increase by 21.33%.

Given:

Option 1: (15, 141)

Option 2: (15, 94)

Option 3: (15, 235)

Option 4: (51, 141)

Concept:

Co-prime numbers are numbers that have only 1 as their common factor.

Calculation:

Option 1: (15, 141) = common factor except 1 is 3

Option 2: (15, 94) = common factor 1

Option 3: (15, 235) = common factor except 1 is 5

Option 4: (51, 141) = common factor except 1 is 3

⇒ Only (15, 94) are co-prime numbers as their only common factor is 1.

Therefore, the pair (15, 94) represents the co-prime numbers.

Given:

Loss on selling the article = 15%

Discount on purchase = 18%

Increase in selling price = ₹108

Profit if sold at increased price = 30%

Concept:

Cost price, selling price, loss, and profit are related by the formulas:

Selling Price = Cost Price - Loss (or + Profit)

Calculation:

Let's denote the original cost price of the article as 'C'.

The selling price with a 15% loss = C - 15% of C = 0.85C.

If Kunal had bought it for 18% less, the cost price =  C - 18% of C = 0.82C.

If he had sold it for ₹108 more, the selling price = 0.85C + ₹108.

Given that this new selling price would have given a profit of 30%,

we can set up an equation: 0.82C + 30% of 0.82C = 0.85C + ₹108.

⇒ 1.3 × 0.82C = 0.85C + ₹108.

⇒ C = ₹108 / (1.3 × 0.82 - 0.85) = ₹500.

Therefore, the cost price of the article is approximately ₹500.

 

Alternate Method

Let CP = 1000

Loss = 15%

so

SP = 85% of 1000 = 850

Now new CP = 82% of 1000 = 820

Profit% = 30%

So

New SP = 130% of 820 = 1066

so

New SP - SP = 1066 - 850 = 216 = rs. 108

so

1 = Rs. 0.5

So

CP = 1000 = Rs. 1000 × 0.5 = Rs. 500

Given:

Numbers: 12, 15, 18, 27

Concept: The smallest number divisible by a set of numbers is their Least Common Multiple (LCM).

Calculation:

⇒ LCM of 12, 15, 18, 27 is 540

Therefore, the smallest number that is divisible by 12, 15, 18, and 27 is 540.

Given:

Ratio of pulses A, B, and C = 4 ∶ 3 ∶ 3

Prices of pulses A, B, and C = ₹80 per kg, ₹60 per kg, and ₹80 per kg respectively

Concept:

The average cost of a mixture is the total cost of all components divided by the total quantity of all components.

Calculation:

⇒ Total cost = (4 × 80) + (3 × 60) + (3 × 80)

⇒ Total cost = 320 + 180 + 240 = 740

⇒ Total quantity = 4 + 3 + 3 = 10

⇒ Average cost = Total cost / Total quantity = 740 /10 = 74

Therefore, the average cost of the mixture is ₹74 per kg.

Given:

Track length = 625 m

Speeds of A and B = 90 km/h and 72 km/h respectively

Concept:

Time taken for two moving bodies to meet is the total distance divided by the relative speed.

Calculation:

⇒ Converting speeds to m/s, speed of A = 901000/3600 = 25 m/s, speed of B = 721000/3600 = 20 m/s

⇒ Relative speed (since they are moving in the same direction) = Speed of A - Speed of B = 25 - 20 = 5 m/s

⇒ Time for them to meet = Track length / Relative speed = 625/5 = 125 seconds

Therefore, they will meet again for the first time on the track after 125 seconds.

Shortcut Trick

Value ratio of ₹1 : 50p : 25p is 3 : 5 : 7.

Convert to coin ratio by multiplying value parts by number of coins per Rupee: 3×1 : 5×2 : 7×4 = 3 : 10 : 28.

Total units = 3 + 10 + 28 = 41 units → 615 coins.

1 unit = 615 ÷ 41 = 15. Number of 50 paise coins = 10 units = 10 × 15 = 150.

∴ The correct answer is 150.

Alternate Method

Given:

Total coins = 615

Value ratio (₹1 : 50p : 25p) = 3 : 5 : 7

Formula Used:

Number of coins = Total Value ÷ Value of one coin

Let the total values of ₹1, 50p, and 25p coins be 3x, 5x, and 7x respectively.

⇒ Number of ₹1 coins = 3x / 1 = 3x

⇒ Number of 50p coins = 5x / 0.5 = 10x

⇒ Number of 25p coins = 7x / 0.25 = 28x

⇒ Total coins = 3x + 10x + 28x = 41x

⇒ 41x = 615

⇒ x = 615 ÷ 41 = 15

⇒ Number of 50 paise coins = 10x = 10 × 15 = 150

∴ The correct answer is 150.

Additional Information

Value to Coin Conversion

To find the number of coins from their total value, multiply the value by the reciprocal of the denomination (e.g., Value of 50p × 2 = Number of 50p coins).

Coin to Value Conversion

To find the value from the number of coins, multiply the count of coins by the value of a single coin (e.g., Number of 25p coins × 1/4 = Total value in ₹).

Ratio Balancing

When solving ratio problems with a total sum given, always ensure all parts of the ratio are in the same units (e.g., convert all denominations to ₹ or all to paise).

Given:

The curved surface area of right circular cylinder = 1012 cm2. 

Circumference  = 22 cm

Formula Used:

Curved surface area = 2 × πrh  

where, h = height of the cylinder, and r = radius of the cylinder.

Circumference = 2 × πr

The volume of the cylinder = πr2h

Calculation:

Circumference = 22 

⇒ 2 × πr = 22

⇒ r = 7/2 cm

Curved surface area = 1012

⇒  2 × πrh = 1012

⇒ 2 × 22/7 × 7/2 ×  h = 1012

⇒ h = 46 cm.

Now,

The volume of the cylinder =  πr2h

Volume = 22/7 × 7/2 × 7/2 × 46

Volume = 1771 cm3

∴ The volume of the right circular cylinder is 1771 cm3.

Given:

Principal becomes Rs.500 in two years

The same principal becomes Rs.700 in three years

Concept: Compound Interest formula is A = P × (1 + r/n)^(nt), where A is the final amount, P is the principal, r is the annual

interest rate, n is the number of times interest is compounded per year, and t is time in years.

Calculation:

⇒ From the given data, we can derive two equations:

1. 500 = P ×  (1 + r)⁽²⁾
2. 700 = P ×  (1 + r)⁽³⁾

⇒ Dividing equation 2 by equation 1, we get (1 + r) = 700/500 = 1.4

⇒ Solving this equation gives r = 0.4

Therefore, the yearly rate of compound interest, compounding annually, is 0.4 or 40%.

Given:

30 CDs cost Rs.140

Concept used:

The cost of goods is proportional to the quantity.

Calculation:

If 30 CDs cost Rs.140, then the cost of 1 CD = 140/30

Hence, the cost of 24 CDs = 24 × (140/30) = Rs.112

Therefore, 24 copies of the same CD will cost Rs.112.

Given:

Marked price = Rs.1850

Discount = 9.5%

Concept:

Selling price = Marked price - Discount

Calculation:

⇒ Selling price = Marked price ×  (1 - Discount%)

⇒ Rs.1850 ×  (1 - 9.5/100) = Rs.1674.25

Therefore, the selling price of the fan is Rs.1674.25.

Given:

Interest rate = 8% per annum, compounded annually

Amount after two years = ₹58,320

Concept:

Compound Interest formula is A = P * (1 + r/n)^(nt), where A is the final amount, P is the principal,

r is the annual interest rate, n is the number of times interest is compounded per year, and t is time in years.

Calculation:

We can rearrange the formula to solve for P:

⇒ P = A / (1 + r/n)^(nt)

⇒ P = ₹58,320 / (1 + 0.08)⁽²⁾ = ₹50,000

Therefore, Jaishankar borrowed ₹50,000.

Given:

Rabia can finish a work in 12 days

Sarita can finish the same work in 18 days

Concept:

If two people are working together, their combined rate is the sum of their individual rates.

Calculation:

Rabia's rate is 1/12 of the work per day, and Sarita's rate is 1/18 of the work per day

Combined, they can complete 1/12 + 1/18 = 5/36 of the work per day

Therefore, they can finish the work in 1 / (5/36) = 7.2 days

Hence, the work will be finished in 7.2 days or 7$2\over10$ days.

Given:

Working hours per day increased by 25%

Wages per hour increased by 20%

Calculation:

Let the number of working hours be x

Let the wages per hours be y

Initial daily earnings = Number of working hours × Wages per hour = xy

New number of working hours = x + (25/100) × x = 1.25x

New wages per hour = y + (20/100) × y = 1.2y

New daily earnings = Number of working hours × Wages per hour = (1.25x) × (1.2y) = 1.5xy

%Change in daily earnings = (Change in daily earnings)/(Initial daily earnings) × 100

%Increase in daily earnings = (1.5xy -xy)/xy × 100 = 50%

Therefore, his daily earnings increased by 50%.

Given:

He drives for 4 hours at the speed of 75 kmph

He drives for 6 hours at the speed of 90 kmph

Concept:

Average speed = Total distance / Total time

Calculation:

Total distance = 4 hours ×  75 kmph + 6 hours ×  90 kmph = 300 km + 540 km = 840 km

Total time = 4 hours + 6 hours = 10 hours

 Average speed = 840 km / 10 hours = 84 kmph

Therefore, the average speed of the car during the entire journey is 84 kmph.

The correct answer is "To go to bed in order to sleep".

Key Points

• The idiom "hit the sack" has its origins in earlier times when mattresses used to be sacks filled with straw or other similar material.
• This expression is used to convey the idea of retiring to bed or going to sleep. (इस अभिव्यक्ति का उपयोग बिस्तर पर जाने या सोने जाने के विचार को व्यक्त करने के लिए किया जाता है)
• Example: I might hit the sack now.
• It doesn't imply any other activity such as reading, writing, or sitting.
• It is often used in casual or informal conversations and indicates that the speaker is tired and wants to sleep.
• Hence, the correct answer is 'Option 3'.

The correct answer is "Hierarchial."

<br>

 Key Points

• The incorrect spelling in option 4 is missing the letter "c".
• The correct spelling is "hierarchical" with the letter "c" after the letter "i".
• "Hierarchical" means of the nature of a hierarchy; arranged in order of rank. (अधिक्रमिक, प्रदानुक्रमिक)
• Example: The military has a hierarchical rank structure.
• The correct answer is Option 4.
  

Additional Information

• Option 1: "Cognisant" is a correctly spelled word, meaning aware or knowledgeable. (संज्ञाता, प्रज्ञाता, जानकार, अवगत)
• Option 2: "Troublesome" is a correctly spelled word, meaning causing difficulty or annoyance. ((लंबे समय तक) कष्‍टकर, पीड़ादायक)
• Option 3: "Pathetic" is a correctly spelled word, meaning causing feelings of sadness or pity. (दयनीय, करुणाजनक)

The correct answer is "aisle."

<br>

 Key Points

• "Hallway" means a space or passage inside the entrance or front door of a building. (किसी भवन के प्रवेश द्वार या सामने के दरवाजे के अंदर का स्थान या मार्ग)
• Example: He hurried them along the narrow, dark hallway.
• "Aisle" means a passageway between rows of seats or a pathway in a building. (किसी इमारत में सीटों की पंक्तियों के बीच का मार्ग या रास्ता)
• Example: The stewardess came down the aisle serving drinks.
• In the given sentence, the bride and her father have arrived, and they need to clear the aisle, which means they need to walk down the pathway to reach the altar.
• Synonyms of aisle include hallway, passageway, corridor, pathway, and walkway.
• The correct answer is Option 2 .
  

Correct sentence: Tell everyone to clear the aisle as the bride and her father have arrived. 

Additional Information

• Driveway (Option 1) refers to a private road leading to a house or garage. (किसी घर या गैरेज तक जाने वाली निजी सड़क)
• Stage (Option 3) is a raised platform where performers or speakers stand. (एक ऊँचा मंच जहाँ कलाकार या वक्ता खड़े होते हैं)
• Avenue (Option 4) is a wide road or a tree-lined street. (चौड़ी सड़क या पेड़ों से घिरी सड़क)

The correct answer is "He is a leading manufacturer in the clothing industry."

<br>

 Key Points

• The correct spelling of the word is 'manufacturer', not **'manufakturer' or 'manufacturar.' (**उत्पादक)
• The correct spelling of the word is 'industry', not **'endustry' or 'indostry.' (**उद्योग)
• The sentence is grammatically correct and makes sense.
• The word 'leading' suggests that the person is a top or prominent manufacturer in the clothing industry. (अग्रणी)
• The correct answer is Option 3.

The correct answer is "Respectable."

<br>

 Key Points

• "Shabby" means in poor condition or of poor quality. (बुरी हालत में (बहुत अधिक प्रयोग में आने या घिस जाने के कारण))
• Example: This is a shabby suit.
• "Respectable" means having a good reputation or worthy of respect. (सम्‍मान-योग्‍य, आदरणीय (समाज में अच्‍छा, उचित या सही माना जाने वाला))
• Example: She belongs to a respectable family.
• Therefore, shabby and respectable are antonyms.
• The correct answer is Option 3.

Additional Information

• Option 1, Dilapidated, means in a state of disrepair or ruin. ((भवन, फ़र्नीचर आदि) जीर्ण-शीर्ण, टूटा-फूटा)
• Option 2, Miserable, means extremely unhappy or uncomfortable. (बहुत उदास, दयनीय)
• Option 4, Impoverished, means extremely poor or lacking in resources. (अत्यंत गरीब या संसाधनों की कमी)

The correct answer is "didn't they?"

<br>

 Key Points

• Here, the verb "met" is the V2 and V3 form of the verb "meet."
• Rules for question tag:
• The sentence and the question tag must be in the same tense.
• The first part of the sentence is positive.
• Thus, a negative question tag should be used.
• For the negative question tag, we use the contracted form of the 'helping verb.'
• As the given verb is in the past tense, so we must use "did."
• Always use pronouns in the question tag.
• The sentence is a question, so the auxiliary verb should come before the subject.
• ​Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.
  

​​Correct sentence: They met yesterday, didn’t they?

The correct answer is "innocuous."

<br>

 Key Points

• The given word is "repulsive" which means something that is disgusting or offensive. (घोर नफ़रत पैदा करने वाला; घृणास्‍पद)
• Example: I think rats and snakes are repulsive.
• The antonym of "repulsive" is "innocuous."
• It means harmless or not likely to cause harm. (अहानिकर, सीधा-सादा)
• Example: I made an innocuous remark about teachers and she got really angry.
• Therefore, the correct word to fill in the blank is "innocuous" as the behavior is not harmful.
• The correct answer is Option 2.
  

Correct sentence: His innocuous behaviour could not be ignored. 

 

Additional Information

• Option 1 (logical): seeming natural, reasonable or sensible. (जो स्‍वाभाविक, युक्तिसंगत या तर्कयुक्त प्रतीत हो)
• Option 3 (ambitious): having a strong desire to be successful, to have power, etc. (महत्वाकांक्षी, उच्‍चाकांक्षी)
• Option 4 (faithful): always staying with and supporting a person, organization or belief. ((व्‍यक्ति, संस्‍था, मत आदि के प्रति) सच्‍चा और निष्‍ठावान)

The correct answer is "Refer."

<br>

 Key Points

• "Allude" means to refer to something indirectly or to hint at something. (किसी व्‍यक्ति या वस्‍तु के बारे में अप्रत्‍यक्ष रूप से बात करना, संकेत मात्र देना)
• Example: He alluded to problems with the new computers.
• "Refer" also means to mention or allude to something. (व्‍यक्ति या वस्‍तु के विषय में उल्‍लेख या चर्चा करना)
• Example: He referred to page number 10.
• Therefore, "Refer" is the most similar in meaning to the given word.
• The correct answer is Option 2.
  

Additional Information

• Option 1, "Tell", means to communicate or convey information directly. (कुछ बताना, जानकारी देना (बोलकर या लिखकर))
• Option 3, "Demonstrate", means to show or prove something. (प्रमाण देकर सिद्घ करना)
• Option 4, "Instruct", means to give directions or teach someone how to do something. (किसी व्‍यक्ति को आदेश देना; कुछ करने का निर्देश देना)

The correct answer is "death anniversary."

<br>

 Key Points

• The error in the sentence is the use of "death day."
• Instead, we should use the term "death anniversary."
• "Death day" refers specifically to the exact date of a person's death.
• Example: He passed away on his death day.
• "Death anniversary" refers to the yearly recurrence of the date of a person's death.
• Example: We remember him on his death anniversary every year.
• "Death anniversary" is the most appropriate option that can substitute "death day" in the given sentence.
• The correct answer is Option 1.
  

Correct sentence: Prime Minister Narendra Modi paid tribute to Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru on his death anniversary. 

Additional Information

• "Death ceremony" and "death festivity" are incorrect options as they imply a celebratory or formal event, which is not appropriate in this context.
• "Death recurrence" is an incorrect option as it implies that the death has happened multiple times, which is not possible.
• "Anniversary" is a term used to describe the date on which an event occurred in a previous year, such as a birthday or a death.

The correct answer is "exciting."

<br>

 Key Points

• The word "tedious" means boring or monotonous. (उबाऊ और (समय की दृष्टि से) लंबा)
• Example: That was a tedious journey.
• The opposite of "tedious" is "exciting."
• "Exciting" means causing strong feelings of pleasure and interest. (उत्तेजक)
• Example: That was a exciting journey.
• The correct answer is Option 3.

<br>

 Additional Information

• Option 1 (drab) means dull or lacking in interest. (अनाकर्षक, फीका, बेचमक, नीरस)
• Option 2 (tiring) means causing fatigue or exhaustion. (थका देने वाला; थकाऊ)
• Option 4 (boring) means uninteresting or tedious. (उबाऊ, अरुचिकर, नीरस, शुष्‍क)

The correct answer is "urn."

<br>

 Key Points

• The word "urn" refers to a container used for holding the ashes of a person's cremated remains. (भस्‍मकलश (मृत व्‍यक्ति के पार्थिव अवशेष रखने का पात्र); अस्थिकलश)
• Example: Sometimes the cremated remains are placed in an urn.
• It is the most appropriate option to fill in the blank because the sentence is referring to the ashes of someone who has passed away.
• The word "golden" is used to describe the material of the urn.
• The correct answer is Option 2.
  

Correct sentence: His ashes were deposited in a golden urn.

<br>

 Additional Information

• Option 1 (earn) is a verb that means to gain or acquire something through effort or work. It is not related to the context of the sentence. ((पैसा) कमाना)
• Option 3 (yearn) is a verb that means to have a strong desire or longing for something. It is not related to the context of the sentence. ((किसी दुर्लभ वस्‍तु के लिए) ललकना, लालायित होना, लालसा होना)
• Option 4 (years) is a noun that refers to a period of time. It is not related to the context of the sentence. (52 सप्ताहों, 12 महीनों या 365 या 366 दिनों विभाजित 1 जनवरी से 31 दिसंबर तक का समय, साल, संवत्‍सर)

The correct answer is "Mariner."

<br>

 Key Points

• The word 'sailor' means a person who works on a ship or boat. (नाविक (जहाज़ का कर्मचारी या नाव को चलाने वाला))
• Example: My grandfather was a sailor in the navy for 20 years.
• The synonym of 'sailor' is 'mariner.'
• It means a person who works on a ship or boat. (नाविक, मल्लाह)
• Example: Many a mariner lost his life on these rocks.
• The correct answer is Option 3.

<br>

 Additional Information

• Option 1 (Prosecutor): A prosecutor is a lawyer who brings charges against someone in a court of law. (अदालत में किसी पर अपराध के लिए अभियोग लगाने वाला सरकारी अधिकारी; अभियोजक)
• Option 2 (Enterpriser): An enterpriser is a person who starts or manages a business enterprise. (वह व्यक्ति जो किसी व्यावसायिक उद्यम को शुरू या प्रबंधित करता है)
• Option 4 (Trainer): A trainer is a person who teaches or coaches someone in a particular skill or activity. (
  

वह व्यक्ति जो किसी को किसी विशेष कौशल या गतिविधि में सिखाता या प्रशिक्षित करता है)

The correct answer is "which vessel holds."

<br>

 Key Points

• The sentence is asking for a guess about a specific vessel's water holding capacity.
• “That” is used without a comma to introduce an essential relative clause.
• Example: The book that I am reading is very interesting.
• We use "which" in questions as a determiner and interrogative pronoun to ask for specific information.
• Example: Which museums did you visit?
• The phrase "which vessel holds" is grammatically correct and identifies the vessel in question.
• The correct answer is Option 4.
  

Correct sentence: Guess which vessel holds the least water?

Here, the erroneous part is "helped me."

<br>

 Key Points

• The error lies in the part "helped me."
• The modal verb "will" is always followed by the base form of the verb.
• Structure: Subject + will + V1 + Object
• Example: We will meet you tomorrow.
• The correct verb form should be "help" instead of "helped."
• The sentence is in the future tense, so the verb should be in the base form (help) and not the past tense form (helped).
• The correct answer is Option 2.
  

Correct sentence: I hope you will help me this weekend.

The correct answer is "Not in danger."

<br>

 Key Points

• The idiom "out of the woods" means that a dangerous or difficult situation has been overcome or resolved. (किसी खतरनाक या कठिन परिस्थिति पर काबू पा लिया गया है या हल कर लिया गया है)
• Example: My mother informed me that they were out of the woods then.
• It can also refer to being physically removed from a wooded area.
• The correct answer is Option 3.

The correct answer is "helpful."

<br>

 Key Points

• "Helpful" means providing assistance or support. (सहायता करने वाला, सहायतापूर्ण, सहायक, सहायता के लिए तत्‍पर)
• Example: She is very helpful.
• It is the most appropriate option to fill in the blank because it fits the context of the sentence.
• The word is an adjective and modifies the subject of the sentence.
• The correct answer is option 1.
• Correct passage:

I hope you will find this series helpful in developing language skills of the learners through diverse reading ______ (2) ______ such as fairy tales, fables, classics, adventure, biography, drama and so on. The prose pieces ______ (3) ______ for intensive language study while the poems ______ (4) ______ enable children to develop an ear for ______ (5) ______ and rhythm.

Additional Information

• Option 2, "demanding", means requiring a lot of effort or attention. ((कार्य) प्रचुर प्रयास, सावधानी, दक्षता आदि की अपेक्षा वाला)
• Option 3, "distasteful", means unpleasant or disagreeable. (अरुचिकर या बुरा लगने वाला)
• Option 4, "challenging", means difficult or requiring effort to accomplish. (चुनौती-भरा)
  

The correct answer is "genres."

<br>

 Key Points

• "Genres" refers to different categories or types of art, literature, music, or film. (साहित्‍य, कला, फ़िल्‍म या संगीत का विशेष प्रकार जिसकी पहचान के विशिष्‍ट लक्षण होते हैं; रूप विधा)
• Example: What genres do the book fall into - comedy or tragedy?
• It is the most appropriate option to fill in the blank in the given sentence.
• Grammatically, "genres" is a plural noun.
• The correct answer is Option 3.
• Correct passage:

I hope you will find this series helpful in developing language skills of the learners through diverse reading genres such as fairy tales, fables, classics, adventure, biography, drama and so on. The prose pieces ______ (3) ______ for intensive language study while the poems ______ (4) ______ enable children to develop an ear for ______ (5) ______ and rhythm.

 Additional Information

• "Habits" are regular patterns of behavior, and are not relevant to the given sentence. (आदत, अभ्‍यास, ऐसी बात जिसे हम प्रायः बिना पूर्व विचार के करें और जिसे रोकना कठिन हो)
• "Papers" refer to documents or written materials, and are not relevant to the given sentence. (काग़ज़)
• "Mediums" is a plural noun that refers to different materials or channels used for communication or art, but it does not fit the context of the given sentence. (कुछ व्‍यक्त या संप्रेषित करने का माध्‍यम)

The correct answer is "are meant."

<br>

 Key Points

• The sentence is in the present tense, so we need a verb that matches that tense.
• "Were given" and "will be added" are both in the past and future tenses, respectively, so they are not appropriate choices.
• "Are deleted" is also not appropriate, as it implies that the data has already been removed, which does not fit the context of the sentence.
• "Are meant" is the correct choice, as it indicates that the data in the row is intended to have a certain value or purpose.
• The correct answer is Option 3.
• Correct passage:

I hope you will find this series helpful in developing language skills of the learners through diverse reading genres such as fairy tales, fables, classics, adventure, biography, drama and so on. The prose pieces are meant for intensive language study while the poems ______ (4) ______ enable children to develop an ear for ______ (5) ______ and rhythm.

The correct answer is "will."

<br>

 Key Points

• The sentence talks about future abilities, so the correct option should also be in the future tense.
• Structure for future tense: Subject + will/shall + V1 + Object
• Example: She will examine us.
• Option 2 'will' is in future tense and matches the tense of the sentence.
• Therefore, the only option that matches the tense and makes sense in the context of the sentence is 'will.'
• Correct passage:

I hope you will find this series helpful in developing language skills of the learners through diverse reading genres such as fairy tales, fables, classics, adventure, biography, drama and so on. The prose pieces are meant for intensive language study while the poems will enable children to develop an ear for ______ (5) ______ and rhythm.

The correct answer is "rhyme."

<br>

 Key Points

• "Rhyme" is a literary device where words have similar sounds at the end of their syllables. (तुक, अंत्‍यानुप्रास (शब्‍दगत ध्वनियों की समानता), क़ाफ़िया)
• It is often used in poetry to create a rhythmic and memorable effect.
• Example: "I scream, you scream, we all scream for ice cream."
• The correct answer is option 4.
• Correct passage:

I hope you will find this series helpful in developing language skills of the learners through diverse reading genres such as fairy tales, fables, classics, adventure, biography, drama and so on. The prose pieces are meant for intensive language study while the poems will enable children to develop an ear for rhyme and rhythm.

Additional Information

• Personification is when non-human objects are given human qualities. (मानवीकरण)
• Simile is a comparison between two things using "like" or "as." (किसी अन्‍य वस्‍तु से समानता दिखाने के लिए प्रयुक्त शब्‍द या वाक्‍यांश, जैसे ‘a face like mask’ या ‘as white as snow’ में ‘like’ और ‘as’ शब्‍द; समानतासूचक शब्‍दों का प्रयोग; उपमा, अलंकार)
• Onomatopoeia is a word that imitates the sound it represents. (शब्‍दों का ध्वनि-विन्‍यास संबंधित (वास्‍तविक) ध्वनियों के अनुसार होना, ध्वनि-अनुकरण (जैसे ‘hiss’, ‘thud’); ध्वनि-अनुकरणात्‍मक शब्‍द)

'वह व्यक्ति जो काव्य अथवा कविता की रचना करता हो' वाक्यांश के लिए सार्थक शब्द है - कवि।

वाक्य प्रयोग - कहते हैं जहाँ ना पहुँचे रवि वहाँ पहुँचे कवि।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्प -

• कटु का अर्थ - कड़वा, तीक्ष्ण, तीखा, चरपरा

कल्प व कपि अनेकार्थी शब्द हैं। 

• कल्प - शराब, स्वर्ग का वृक्षविशेष, विधान, प्रलय, काल का एक विभाग जिसे ब्रह्मा का एक दिन कहते हैं और जिसमें १४ मन्वंतर या ४३२००००००० वर्ष होते हैं ।
• कपि - बंदर, हाथी, गज, करंज, कजा

Important Pointsअनेक शब्दों के लिय एक शब्द के उदाहरण - 

• सुननेवाला - श्रोता
• बोलनेवाला - वक्ता
• लिखनेवाला - लेखक
• लेख की नकल - प्रतिलिपि
• पढ़नेवाला - पाठक
• बाँचनेवाला - वाचक

Additional Information

• शब्द निर्माण के लिए अनेक शब्दों के लिए एक शब्द होते हैं जिनकी सहायता से बड़े-बड़े वाक्यों को केवल एक शब्द में जाना जा सकता है।
• एक शब्द का जब किसी वाक्य में प्रयोग होता है तो वह छोटा और सुंदर वाक्य बन जाता है।

मुहावरे और उसके अर्थ के आधार पर 'लकीर का फकीर - प्रगतिशील होना' यह युग्म अशुद्ध है।

• मुहावरा - लकीर का फकीर
• सही अर्थ -  पुरानी बातों पर चलना।
• वाक्य प्रयोग - बच्चे को बुखार हो गया फिर क्या नानी हो गई शुरु नींबू मिर्ची जलाना, वह तो लकीर की फकीर है।

Hintप्रगतिशील होना के लिए सही मुहावरा निम्नलिखित होगा -

• चल निकलना | अर्थ - प्रगति करना ,बढ़ना
• वाक्य प्रयोग - वह कब से ऋण के तले दबा था आज उसकी उसकी गाड़ी (जीवन) चल निकली।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्प -

• हाथ का मैल | अर्थ - तुच्छ वस्तु
• वाक्य प्रयोग - अंबानी और अडानी के लिए तो पैसा हाथ का मेल है।जो वस्तु चाहे खरीद ले।
• हाथ पैर मारना | अर्थ - प्रयत्न करना
• वाक्य प्रयोग - मैं कई सालों से अपनी गठिया की बीमारी के लिए हाथ पै�� मार रहा हूँ, लेकिन कहीं पर भी मुझे सुधार नहीं हो रहा
• सर खपाना | अर्थ - दिमाग लगाना
• वाक्य प्रयोग - मेरा सिर मत खाओ अगर तुमको इस प्रश्न का उत्तर पता है तो बताओ।

Important Pointsमुहावरों के अन्य उदाहरण -

• घात  पर चढ़ना | अर्थ - तत्पर रहना
• गोटी लाल होना | अर्थ - लाभ होना
• घड़ा पानी पड़ जाना | अर्थ - बहुत शर्मिंदा होना
• बोटी बोटी फड़कना | अर्थ - जोश आना
• रँगा सियार होना | अर्थ  - ढोंगी होना।

'आपको क्या पता कि उसने मेरे साथ क्या भलाई की?' - ये सही उत्तर होगा। 

• भलाई शब्द का अर्थ है - उपकार, अच्छाई, हित, नेकी
• वाक्य प्रयोग - हमें सबके भलाई की कामना करनी चाहिए।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्प -

• कठिनाई का अर्थ - जटिलता, झंझट, दिक़्क़त, मुश्किल
• वाक्य प्रयोग - पहला कदम ही एकमात्र कठिनाई है।
• खूबी का अर्थ - विशेषता, खासपन
• वाक्य प्रयोग - श्याम में कोई विशेष खूबी नहीं है।
• विशेषता का अर्थ - खासपन
• वाक्य प्रयोग - अँधेरे में भी जगमगाना, यह हीरे की विशेषता है।

यह तीनों विकल्प गलत हैं क्योंकि दिए गए वाक्य के लिए उपर्युक्त शब्द भलाई ही होगा। 

यहाँ दिए गए शब्द सूक्ष्म अर्थ भेद वाले शब्दों के उदाहरण हैं l

Important Pointsसूक्ष्म अर्थ व भेद वाले शब्दों के उदाहरण -

• खेद - अपनी गलती के लिए पछतावा या दुख प्रकट करना।
• शोक - किसी प्रिय जन की मृत्यु पर दुख प्रकट करना। 
• शक - किसी बात पर संदेह होना या  किसी के आचरण पर शक होना आदि।
• आशंका - भविष्य में होने वाली किसी घटना के विषय में आभास होना।
• अनुसंधान - छिपे हुए अर्थात अज्ञात तथ्यों को उजागर करना।
• आविष्कार - नई वस्तु का निर्माण करना।
• आत्मकथा - स्वयं के जीवन की कथा खुद लिखना।
• जीवनी - किसी महान व्यक्ति के जीवन चरित्र के बारे में लिखना।

Additional Information

• प्रायः पर्याय वाची शब्द का अर्थ एक जैसा ही लगता है, परंतु उनके प्रयोग में थोड़ा सा अंतर होता है l अधिकांश पर्यायवाची शब्द एकार्थक ना होकर, मिलते जुलते अर्थ वाले होते हैं l
• यह कुछ ऐसे शब्द  होते हैं जिन्हें पढ़कर ऐसा लगता है कि यह एक ही शब्द के अर्थ है, परंतु इनके अर्थ में और वाक्य प्रयोग में थोड़ी असमानता होती हैl​

'जल ही जीवन है।' में जल शब्द का पर्यायवाची है - उदक, अंबु, जीवन, पय, अमृत, मेघपुष्प, वारि, पानी, नीर, सलिल, तोय।

वाक्य प्रयोग - थोड़ा सा जल मिलेगा।

Hintजल के अन्य अर्थ - जलन, आग से जालना। 

• वाक्य प्रयोग - मुँह सारा जल (जलन) उठा और आँखों में जल (पानी) भर आया।
• वाक्य प्रयोग - वहाँ आग से घर पूरा जल चुका था।

Key Points अन्य विकल्प -

• दृग - दीदा, आँख - लोचन, अक्षि, नैन, अम्बक, नयन, नेत्र,चक्षु, विलोचन, दृष्टि, अक्षि, चख
• मतंग - हाथी, गज, हस्ती, कुम्भी, मदकल, कुंजर
• हर - महादेव, शम्भु, ईश, पशुपति, शिव, महेश्र्वर, शंकर, चन्द्रशेखर, भव, भूतेश , गिरीश त्रिलोचन

Important Pointsपर्यायवाची शब्द के कुछ अन्य उदाहरण -

• जलन - ईर्ष्या, स्पर्धा, मत्सर, डाह‌, , कुढ़
• आकाश - नभ, अनन्तं, अभ्रं, पुष्कर, शून्य, तारापथ
• जमीन - धरा, धरती, वसुधा, अचला, धरणी, भू
• अग्नि - आग, ज्वाला, कृशानु, वह्नि, शिखी
• वायु - अनिल, समीर, पवन, हवा

उपर्युक्त विकल्पों में से 'जाना' शब्द एक कारक चिह्न नहीं है।

• 'जाना' एक क्रिया शब्द है।
• 'जाना' का अर्थ - गमन, प्रस्थान करना​
• संज्ञा या सर्वनाम के जिस रूप से वाक्य का संबंध किसी दूसरे शब्द के साथ जाना जाए, उसे कारक कहते हैं।
• 'जाना' शब्द वाक्य का संबंध नहीं बताता वह जाने की क्रिया बताता है।
• जैसे - उसे कल स्कूल जाना है।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्प -

• 'द्वारा' करण कारक की विभक्ति है। 
• वाक्य प्रयोग - मुझे यह समाचार रीता के द्वारा मिल।
• 'के लिए' संप्रदान कारक की विभक्ति है।
• वाक्य प्रयोग - सरी तैयारी कल के लिए हो रही है।
• 'पर' अधिकरण कारक की विभक्ति है।
• वाक्य प्रयोग - गुलदस्ता अलमारी पर रखा है।

Important Pointsकारक - 

'भोजन बहुत सुंदर बना है।' वाक्य में रेखांकित शब्द के स्थान पर प्रयुक्त होने वाला शब्द है - स्वादिष्ट। 

सही वाक्य - 'भोजन बहुत स्वादिष्ट बना है।'

स्वादिष्ट व सुंदर में अंतर -

• स्वादिष्ट का अर्थ - बहुत स्वादवाला, अत्यंत ज़ायकेदार
• सुंदर का अर्थ - जो देखने में सुखद हो, जो मन को भा जाए, ख़ूबसूरत हो

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्प -

• बेहतर का अर्थ -अपेक्षाकृत अच्छा, उत्तम, बहुत अच्छा, उम्दा
• खुबसूरत का अर्थ - सुंदर
• उन्नत का अर्थ - ऊँचा, ऊपर उठा हुआ · वृद्धिप्राप्त, बढ़ा हुआ, समृद्ध

शब्दों के अर्थ से ज्ञात होता है कि 'स्वादिष्ट' शब्द ही उचित होगा।

'आप कुछ पूछना चाहते हैं?' यह वाक्य निजवाचक सर्वनाम नहीं  है।

क्योंकि,

• उपर्युक्त वाक्य में 'आप' से किसी निश्चित व्यक्ति या वस्तु का बोध नहीं हो रहा इसलिए इसमें निजवाचक सर्वनाम नहीं  है।
• उपर्युक्त वाक्य में 'कुछ' शब्द अनिश्चयवाचक सर्वनाम है।
• अनिश्चयवाचक सर्वनाम - जिन सर्वनाम शब्दों से किसी निश्चित व्यक्ति अथवा पदार्थ का बोध नहीं होता हो उन्हें अनिश्चयवाचक सर्वनाम कहते हैं।
• मुख्य शब्द -  कुछ, किसी, कोई
• उदाहरण - मैं कुछ कहना चाहता हूँ।
• निजवाचक सर्वनाम - जिन सर्वनाम शब्दों से किसी निश्चित व्यक्ति अथवा वस्तु की ओर संकेत का बोध होता है उसे निश्चयवाचक सर्वनाम कहते हैं।
• मुख्य शब्द - आप, अपना, स्वयं
• उदाहरण - 
• आप भला तो जग भला।
• मैं तो स्वयं से ही प्यार करता हूँ।
• मैं अपना खाना खुद बनाता हूँ।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्पों में निजवाचक सर्वनाम है -

• ये फाइलें मैं अपने आप देखूँगा।
• यह सब वे अपने आप देख लेंगे।
• वे अपने आपही यह जिम्मेदारी सँभालने को तैयार हो गए।

Additional Information

संज्ञा के स्थान पर प्रयुक्त होने वाले शब्दों को सर्वनाम कहते हैं। 

सर्वनाम के भेद व उनके मुख्य शब्द निम्नलिखित हैं - 

1. पुरूषवाचक सर्वनाम 
2. उत्तम पुरुषवाचक सर्वनाम (मैं, मेरा, मुझे, मेरी, मुझसे)
3. मध्यम पुरूषवाचक सर्वनाम (आप, तुम, तुमको, तुझे, तू)
4. अन्य पुरुषवाचक सर्वनाम (यह, वे, उनका, वह, इन्हें, उन्हें, इसे, उसे)
5. निश्चयवाचक सर्वनाम (यह, वह, ये, वे)
6. अनिश्चयवाचक सर्वनाम (कोई, कुछ)
7. प्रश्नवाचक सर्वनाम (कौन, क्या, किसकी)
8. संबंधवाचक सर्वनाम (जो, सो)
9. निजवाचक सर्वनाम (आप, अपना, स्वयं)

'अर्जुन' का पर्यायवाची है - सव्यसाची। 

• 'अर्जुन' का पर्यायवाची शब्द - घनंजय, पांडुनंदन, पार्थ, कौंतेय, गांडीवधर, श्वेतवाहन, गुड़ाकेश, कुन्तिसुत, विजयरथ, बृहन्नला और कपिध्वज।
• वाक्य प्रयोग - अर्जुन महाभारत के मुख्य नायक तथा 5 पांडवों में से एक थे।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्प के पर्यायवाची -

• विनायक - गणपति, गजवदन, विघ्रराज, गौरीनंदन
• जगन्नाथ - ईश्वर, जग, जगबंधु

Important Pointsकुछ अन्य देवों के पर्यायवाची -

• कामदेव - मीनकेतु, मनसिज, मार, रतिपति, मन्मथ।
• कृष्णा - नन्दलाल, यशोदानंदन, माखनचोर, गोपाल, श्याम।
• विष्णु - गरूड़ध्वज, अच्युत, जनार्दन, माधव, गोविंद, लक्ष्मीपति, विभु, विश्वरूप।
• इन्द्र - सुरेश, अमरपति, वज्रधर, वज्री, शचीश, वासव, वृषा, सुरेन्द्र, देवेन्द्र, सुरपति।
• सूर्य - रवि, दिनकर, सूरज, भास्कर, मार्तंड, मरीची, प्रभाकर, सविता

'जिसका कोई नाथ न हो' वाक्यांश के लिए सार्थक शब्द है - अनाथ। 

वाक्य प्रयोग - अजित ने एक अनाथ बच्चे को गोद लिया।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्प -

• नाथ - अधिपति, मालिक, प्रभु।
• नास्तिक - ईश्वर की सत्ता को न माननेवाला।
• सनाथ - स्वामी सहित।

Important Pointsअनेक शब्दों के लिय एक शब्द के उदाहरण - 

• इन्द्रियों की पहुँच से बाहर - अतीन्द्रिय
• कीर्तिमान पुरुष - यशस्वी
• जिसके कोई संतान न हो - निसंतान
• जिसका पति जीवित हो - सधवा
• सदैव रहने वाला - शाश्वत

Additional Information

• शब्द निर्माण के लिए अनेक शब्दों के लिए एक शब्द होते हैं जिनकी सहायता से बड़े-बड़े वाक्यों को केवल एक शब्द में जाना जा सकता है।
• एक शब्द का जब किसी वाक्य में प्रयोग होता है तो वह छोटा और सुंदर वाक्य बन जाता है।

'गुरु हथौड़े से वह प्रहार कर रहा था।' में 'गुरु' के स्थान पर उसके विलोम शब्द का प्रयोग 'लघु हथौड़े से वह प्रहार कर रहा था।' वाक्य में हुआ है । 

क्योंकि, 

• गुरु का विलोम लघु होता है। 
• गुरु का अर्थ है - बड़ा
• लघु का अर्थ - छोटा

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्प -

• वजनदार हथोड़े से वह प्रहार कर रहा था।
• वजनदार का विलोम हल्का होगा।
• भारी हथोड़े से वह प्रहार कर रहा था।
• भारी का विलोम हल्का होगा।
• बड़े हथोड़े से वह प्रहार कर रहा था।
• बड़े का विलोम छोटे होगा।

Important Pointsविलोम के उदाहरण -

• अन्तरंग - बहिरंग
• विधि - अविधि
• प्रवृत्ति - निवृत्ति
• द्रुत - मंद
• नीरस - सरस
• क्षणिक - शाश्वत
• आभ्यन्तर - बाह
• युगल - एकल

'तुम लोग कुते की मौत मरोगे।'  में 'कुते' शब्द में वर्तनी संबंधित त्रुटि है।

• सही शब्द होगा - कुत्ते (क् + उ(ु) + त् + त् + ए(े) )
• सही वाक्य - तुम लोग कुत्ते की मौत मरोगे।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्प -

• तुम, मरोगे और मौत शब्द में कोई भी त्रुटि नहीं है।

Important Pointsअशुद्ध शब्दों के लिए शुद्ध शब्द के कुछ अन्य उदाहरण -

• शुद्ध - अशुद्ध
• कौशल्या - कौसल्या
• पैतृक - पैत्रिक
• ऋतु - ऋतू
• सत्वगुण - सतीगुण
• शृंगार - सिंगार
• त्यौरी - त्योरी
• श्वसुर - ससुर
• क्लिष्ट - क्लिष्ठ

'सुयश अमेरिका गया होगा।' का पूर्ण भूतकाल 'सुयश अमेरिका गया था।' होगा। 

• सुयश अमेरिका गया होगा। - संदिग्ध भूतकाल
• क्रिया के जिस रूप से बीते हुए अतीत की  याद आए या उसका संदेह हो उसे संदिग्ध काल कहते हैं।
• सुयश अमेरिका गया था। - पूर्ण भूतकाल 
• क्रिया के जिस रूप से यह पता चलता हैं कि कार्य बहुत समय पहले पूर्ण हो चूका था उसे पूर्ण भूत काल कहते हैं। (मुख्य शब्द - अंत में था, थे, थी आता है)

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्प -

• सुयश अमेरिका जा रहा था। - अपूर्ण भूतकाल
• सुयश अमेरिका जाएगा। - सामान्य भविष्य काल
• सुयश अमेरिका गया है। - पूर्ण वर्तमान काल

Additional Informationक्रिया के जिस रूप से कार्य के होने के समय का पता चले उसे काल कहते हैं।

• काल के भेद -