SSC GD Constable (2022) Official Paper (Held On : 17 Jan 2023 Shift 1) (Previous Year Paper)

The logic followed in the given figure series:

From Figure (1) to (4):

The symbol rotates 90º anticlockwise direction and moves in a clockwise direction.

From Figure (2) to (5):

The symbol rotates 90º anticlockwise direction and moves in a clockwise direction.

From Figure (3) to Answer Figure (6):

The symbol rotates 90º anticlockwise direction and moves in a clockwise direction.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

Given:

2D : Triangle → Triangle is a 2D figure.

Similarly,

3 D : Hemisphere → Hemisphere is a 3D figure.

Here, '3D : Hemisphere' is the correct pair.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

Here, we use the BODMAS table given below:

Given:

⇒ 63 ÷ 3 × 21 - 15 + 12 = 6 

(1) - and +

⇒ 63 ÷ 3 × 21 - 15 + 12 = 6 

After changing the signs:

⇒ 63 ÷ 3 × 21 + 15 - 12

Apply BODMAS rule:

⇒ 21 × 21 + 15 - 12

⇒ 441 + 15 - 12

⇒ 456 - 12 = 444

Here, the equation is not satisfied.

(2) ÷ and ×

⇒ 63 ÷ 3 × 21 - 15 + 12 = 6 

After changing the signs:

⇒ 63 × 3 ÷ 21 - 15 + 12

Apply BODMAS rule:

⇒ 63 × 0.1428 - 15 + 12

⇒ 9 - 15 + 12

⇒ 21 - 12 = 6

⇒ '63 × 3 ÷ 21 - 15 + 12 = 6'

Here, the equation is satisfied.

(3) × and -

⇒ 63 ÷ 3 × 21 - 15 + 12 = 6 

After changing the signs:

⇒ 63 ÷ 3 - 21 × 15 + 12

Apply BODMAS rule:

⇒ 21 - 21 × 15 + 12

⇒ 21 - 315 + 12

⇒ 33 - 315 = (-282)

Here, the equation is not satisfied.

(4) ÷ and -

⇒ 63 ÷ 3 × 21 - 15 + 12 = 6 

After changing the signs:

⇒ 63 - 3 × 21 ÷ 15 + 12

Apply BODMAS rule:

⇒ 63 - 3 × 1.4 + 12

⇒ 63 - 4.2 + 12

⇒ 75 - 4.2 = 70.8

Here, the equation is not satisfied.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

The sitting arrangement as per the given information:

1. O is sitting to the immediate right of N, R is sitting to the immediate left of N, P is sitting to the immediate right of O and Q is sitting to the immediate right of P.

2. Only five people sitting to the right of M.

Here, Q is at the extreme right end of the row.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Statements:

No red is black.

All blues are black.

No blue is pink.

The Venn diagram as per the given statements:

Conclusions:

1. No blue is red. → follow (All blues are black, and no red is black is given, which means no blue is red is definitely true)
2. No red is pink. → not follow (Because there is no definite relation given between red and pink, so it can be possible only but not definitely true)

Hence, the correct answer is "Only conclusion 1 follows".

Given:

Gardener : Harrow → Harrow is the equipment used by gardeners.

Similarly,

Farmer : Plough → Plough is the equipment used by the farmer.

Here, 'Farmer : Plough' is the correct pair.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Preparing the family tree diagram using the following symbols:

 

As per the given data:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Given expression: 'B × D ÷ F - H + J ÷ S'

B is the husband of D, D is the sister of F, F is the mother of H, H is the brother of J and J is the sister of S.

Checking all the given options:

(1) H is the son of D. → Incorrect

(2) J is the sister of H. → Correct

(3) F is the sister of D. → Correct

(4) B is the husband of the sister of F. → Correct

Here, 'H is the son of D' is incorrect.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Here, we use the table given below:

Given:

XERJ, THPK, ?, LNLM, HQJN

The logic followed in the given series:

\

Here, 'PKNL' is the missing term.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

Here, we unfold the paper step by step:

Level 1:

Level 2:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

Here, we use the BODMAS table given below:

Given:

⇒ 15 ÷ 5 × 12 + 6 = 65 − 35

(1) 5, 15

⇒ 15 ÷ 5 × 12 + 6 = 65 − 35

After changing the signs:

⇒ 5 ÷ 15 × 12 + 6 = 65 − 35

Apply BODMAS rule:

⇒ 0.33 × 12 + 6 = 65 - 35

⇒ 4 + 6 = 30

⇒ 10 = 30

Here, the equation is not satisfied.

(2) 6, 12

⇒ 15 ÷ 5 × 12 + 6 = 65 − 35

After changing the signs:

⇒ 15 ÷ 5 × 6 + 12 = 65 − 35

Apply BODMAS rule:

⇒ 3 × 6 + 12 = 65 - 35

⇒ 18 + 12 = 30

⇒ 30 = 30

Here, the equation is satisfied.

(3) 5, 35

⇒ 15 ÷ 5 × 12 + 6 = 65 − 35

After changing the signs:

⇒ 15 ÷ 35 × 12 + 6 = 65 − 5

Apply BODMAS rule:

⇒ 0.4285 × 12 + 6 = 60

⇒ 5.142 + 6 = 60

⇒ 11.142 = 60

Here, the equation is not satisfied.

(4) 12, 65

⇒ 15 ÷ 5 × 12 + 6 = 65 − 35

After changing the signs:

⇒ 15 ÷ 5 × 12 + 6 = 12 − 35

Apply BODMAS rule:

⇒ 3 × 12 + 6 = (-23)

⇒ 36 + 6 = (-23)

⇒ 42 = (-23)

Here, the equation is not satisfied.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

The embedded part of this image is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

As per the given data the codes for the words:

Here, 'pa' is the code for 'him'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

The mirror image of the given figure is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

Given:

1 : 36 :: 2 : 49 :: 4 : ?

Logic: Second no. = (First no. + 5)²

1 : 36 →

⇒ (1 + 5)²

⇒ (6)² = 36

2 : 49 →

⇒ (2 + 5)²

⇒ (7)² = 49

Similarly,

4 : ? →

⇒ (4 + 5)²

⇒ (9)² = 81

Here, '4 : 81' is the correct pair.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

Given series:

98, 93, 89, ?, 84

Logic: 'Subtracted consecutive numbers in decreasing order from 5'

Here, '86' is the missing number.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

The correct order of the given words as they would appear in the English dictionary is:

2. trace
3. track
4. trade
5. treasure
6. triangle

Here, the correct order is "2, 1, 3, 4, 5".

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

The sitting arrangement as per the given information:

1. Kirti sits at one of the corners and Kirti sits third to the left of Shubh.

2. Pari does not sit at any of the corners, Pari is not an immediate neighbour of Kirti and Kanak sits second to the right of Pari.

3. Suman is an immediate neighbour of Charu and Suman does not sit at any of the middle of the sides. 

4. Only three people sit between Suman and Shlok from either side.

Here, Charu does not sit at any of the corners.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Given series:

5, 7, 12, 21, 35, 55,?

The logic followed in the given number series is as shown below:

Here, '82' is the missing number.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

Here, we use the table given below:

Given:

BVFY, FRJU, JNNQ, ?, RFVI

Logic: Addition of (4) and subtraction of (4) alternatively.

Here, 'NJRM' is the missing term.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Here, we use the table given below:

Logic: Code = [(Addition of positional values of all letters) - 12]

‘CLOAKED’ is written as ‘39’ →

‘FLANK’ is written as ‘32’ →

Similarly, ‘FLOCKED’ will be written as:

Here, ‘FLOCKED’ is written as 44.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

The correct answer is Ministry of Rural Development.

Key Points

• Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005 is the flagship scheme of the government of India under the Ministry of Rural Development.
• It is claimed to be the world's largest employment scheme in terms of the number of people employed having around 12.84 crores workers.
• This act provides 100 days of wage employment per household in a financial year and as a matter of right, the applicant will get the work within 15 days of application otherwise compensation for it.
• The scheme was introduced in 2006-07 in 200 districts and now spread across 648 districts of India.

Additional Information

• In 1991, the P.V Narashima Rao government proposed a pilot scheme for generating employment in rural areas with the following goals:
• Employment Generation for agricultural labour during the lean season
• Infrastructure Development
• Enhanced Food Security
• This scheme was called the Employment Assurance Scheme which later evolved into the MGNREGA after the merger with the Food for Work Programme in the early 2000s.
• The government has increased the per day wage rate from Rs 182.1 in 2019-20 to Rs 202.5 in 2020-21.
• Ministry of Rural Development (MRD), Government of India in association with state governments, monitors the implementation of the scheme.

The correct answer is 21A.

Key Points

• The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009 and enforced it as a fundamental right under Article 21-A.
• The 86^th amendment to the constitution of India in 2002, provided the Right to Education as a fundamental right in part III of the Constitution.
• The same amendment inserted Article 21A which made the Right to Education a fundamental right for children between 6-14 years.
• The 86^th amendment provided for follow-up legislation for the Right to Education Bill 2008 and finally the Right to Education Act 2009.
• Originally Part IV of the Indian Constitution, Article 45 and Article 39 (f) of DPSP, had a provision for state-funded as well as equitable and accessible education.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Khalji.

Key Points

• Khalji 
• Khalji Dynasty- was the second ruling family of the Delhi sultanate, a Muslim kingdom in north India.
• The Khalji dynasty ruled from 1290 to 1320.
• It was founded by Jalal ud din Firuz Khalji and came to power in a revolution that signified the transfer of authority from Turkic nobility to Afghans.
• Alauddin Khalji made serious efforts to re-assess the land revenue and unify the taxes not only in rural areas but also in urban areas.
• He established a centralized administrative system of revenue collection.
• Muqtis were appointed for revenue collection.
• Alauddin made sure that their offices were not hereditary.
• He kept proper control over them.

Additional Information

• Tughlaq dynasty 
• This was the Muslim dynasty of Indo-Turkic origin, ruled in India from 1320 AD - 1414 AD.
• The Tughlaq dynasty was founded by Ghiyas-ud-din Tughlaq.
• He ascended to the throne by killing Mubarak Khilji, the last ruler of the Khilji dynasty.
• Nasir-ud-din Muhammad Tughlaq was the last ruler of this dynasty.
• Lodi dynasty
• It was the fifth and last dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate.
• The Lodi dynasty ruled from 1451 AD - 1526 AD.
• The founder of the Lodi dynasty was Bahlul Lodhi.
• This was an Afghan dynasty and was also known as the Pashtun dynasty.
• Ibrahim Lodhi was the last ruler of this dynasty and was killed by the Babur's troops in the battle of Panipat.
• Sayyid dynasty
• The Sayyid dynasty ruled over India after the invasion of Timur.
• Taimur invaded India during the reign of Nasir-ud-din Mahmud Shah Tughlaq of the Tughlaq dynasty in 1398 AD.
• The Sayyid dynasty was founded by Khizir Khan, who was the governor of Multan and Timur's deputy in India.
• Ala-ud-din Shah was the last ruler of this dynasty.

The correct answer is Jatin Goswami.

Key Points

• Jatin Goswami
• A well-known veteran classical dancer from Assam is Jatin Goswami.
• In 1933, Jatin Goswami was born in Dergaon, Upper Assam.
• Jatin Goswami began his first lesson of Satriya dance at home with the help of his father.
• Later, he received expert gurus' instruction in dance and music on the Vaishnava Satras.
• In order to advance and expand the Satriya dancing style, he also founded a dance group.
• In 1962, the Kalaguru Bishnu Prasad Rabha and Roseswar Saikia Borbayan collaborated to form the dancing group known as Pragati Kala Parishad.
• Jatin Goswami has received numerous recommendations and titles.
• During the Khajuraho Dance Festival, Jatin Goswami was given the National Kalidas Samman, Madhya Pradesh's most prestigious cultural award, for 2017.

Additional Information

• Sangeet Natak Akademi
• Sangeet Natak Akademi, the apex body in the field of performing arts in the country, was formed in 1953.
• It was set up for the preservation and promotion of the vast intangible heritage of India's diverse culture expressed in forms of music, dance, and drama.
• The management of the Akademi vests in its General Council.
• Ariyakudi Ramanuja Iyengar Karaikudi was the first to receive the Sahitya Natak Akademi award.
• Sangeet Natak Akademi Puraskar is an award given by the Sangeet Natak Akademi, India's National Academy of Music, Dance & Drama.
• The Sangeet Natak Academy was established on 31 May 1952 by a resolution of the Ministry of Human Resource development.
• The Akademi was officially inaugurated on 28 January 1953 by the first President of India Rajendra Prasad and PV Rajmannar was appointed as its first Chairman.

The correct answer is Atlantic Ocean.

Key Points

• Atlantic Ocean:
• The ocean that forms the shape of the letter “S”, is the Atlantic ocean if it is looked closely on the world map.
• The Arctic Ocean is connected/ linked through the  Barents Sea, Norwegian Sea, Greenland Sea, and the Denmark Strait.
• The Puerto Rico Trench, which is about  28,230 feet deep, is the deepest point in the Atlantic Ocean.
• It is also the busiest ocean in terms of Commerce and Trade

Additional Information

• Indian Ocean:
• It is the third-largest of the world's oceans on Earth's surface.
• It is bounded by Asia, Africa and Australia to the north, west and east respectively.
• The Southern Ocean or Antarctica bounds it to the south.
• The Indian Ocean has some regional seas such as the Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal, the Laccadive Sea, the Somali Sea, and the Andaman Sea.
• Arctic Ocean
• Arctic Ocean is the smallest Ocean out of the world’s five oceans.
• It has an approximate area of 5,440,000 square miles (14,090,000 square km).
• It is Earth's northernmost body of water and most of the Arctic Ocean is covered by ice throughout the year.
• Six countries bordering the Arctic Ocean are:-
• Canada, Denmark (Greenland), Iceland, Norway, Russia, US.
• Pacific Ocean:
• It is the largest and deepest ocean on Earth.
• The Extension of this ocean is from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean in the south.
• This ocean is also bounded by the continents of Asia, Australia, and the Americas.
• The Challenger Deep depth of 10,902 to 10,929 m, lies in the Mariana Trench, which is the deepest point in the world located in this ocean.

The correct answer is  India.

Key Points 

• Jallikattu is a traditional sport that originated in Tamil Nadu, a state in southern India.
• It involves releasing a bull into a crowd of people, who then try to grab the bull's hump and hold on as long as possible.
• The sport has been controversial in recent years due to concerns about animal welfare, but it remains popular in some parts of India.
• Jallikattu is often associated with the Hindu festival of Pongal, which is celebrated in January.

 

Additional Information

• Nepal has its own traditional sports, such as Dandi Biyo (a game similar to cricket) and Khukuri (knife fighting).
• Spain (option 2) is known for bullfighting, which is similar to Jallikattu in that it involves a bull and human participants. However, there are some key differences between the two sports, such as the fact that the bull is usually killed at the end of the event in bullfighting.
• Rome (option 3) is not a country but rather the capital city of Italy. Italy is not known for Jallikattu, but it does have its own traditional sports, such as Calcio Fiorentino (a mix of soccer and wrestling) and Sbandieratori (a flag-throwing competition).

The correct answer is 35 years.

 Key Points

• The minimum age required to be appointed as the Governor of State is 35 years.
• This is specified in Article 157 of the Indian Constitution.
• The Governor of State is the Constitutional head of the state and is appointed by the President of India.
• The Governor's role includes administering the state, ensuring the state's constitutional functioning, and representing the state in the Centre.
• While there is no upper age limit for the Governor's position, the minimum age requirement is 35 years.
• The age requirement is specified in Article 157 of the Indian Constitution, which states that a person must be at least 35 years old to be eligible for appointment as Governor of a state.

The correct answer is rice and wheat.

Key Points

• The Green Revolution in India was initiated in the 1960s by introducing high-yielding varieties of rice and wheat.
• The Green Revolution in India was an initiative in the 1960s to increase agricultural production.
• The high-yielding varieties of rice and wheat were introduced during this period, which helped to increase crop yield.
• These varieties were developed through cross-breeding and genetic modification to make them disease-resistant and adaptable to different soil and climatic conditions.
• Introducing these varieties helped reduce the dependence on imports and make India self-sufficient in food production.

 

Additional Information 

• Option 1: Jowar and maize are also essential cereal crops in India, but they were not the focus of the Green Revolution.
• Option 3: Millet and jute are mainly grown in the dry regions of India and were not the main crops targeted by the Green Revolution.
• Option 4: Jute and cotton are cash crops and not food crops. They were not the focus of the Green Revolution.

The correct answer is Anurag Singh Thakur.

 Key Points

• Anurag Singh Thakur is the Union Minister of Information and Broadcasting in India. He inaugurated the largest South Asian film market-Film Bazaar in November 2022.
• The Film Bazaar is an annual event organized by India's National Film Development Corporation (NFDC).
• It is a platform for filmmakers to showcase their work and connect with potential buyers, distributors, and financiers.
• The event is attended by filmmakers, producers, distributors, sales agents, festival programmers, and other professionals from the film industry around the world.
• The Film Bazaar also features a co-production market, where filmmakers can pitch their projects to potential co-producers and investors.
• The event includes selected film screenings, panel discussions, workshops, and networking opportunities for participants.

Additional Information

• Smriti Irani is India's Union Minister of Women and Child Development and Textiles.
• She has previously served as the Union Minister of Information and Broadcasting from 2014 to 2017.
• Nirmala Sitharaman is the Union Minister of Finance and Corporate Affairs in India.
• She has no direct connection with the film industry.
• Gajendra Singh Shekhawat is the Union Minister of Jal Shakti in India.
• ​ He has no direct connection with the film industry.

The correct answer is  Bhadrapad.

Key Points

• Ganesh Chaturthi is celebrated on the fourth day of the Hindu month of Bhadrapad.
• Ganesh Chaturthi is also known as Vinayak Chaturthi or Vinayak Chaviti or Ganeshotsav.
• It is celebrated throughout India, especially in Maharashtra and Goa.
• Outside India, it is celebrated by the Hindu diaspora in New Zealand, Australia, Canada, and several other countries.

Additional Information

• Historical records suggest that Ganesh Chaturthi celebrations were initiated by Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaja, to promote culture and nationalism.
• In 1893,  Bal Gangadhar Tilak organised Ganesh Utsav as a social and religious function. It was him who put large hoarding with images of Lord Ganesh in pavilions and the man behind the tradition of immersion of huge Ganesh statues on the tenth day of the festival.
• | Kartik | Kartik Maas is the eighth month of the Hindu calendar, which coincides with October or November in the Gregorian calendar | | --- | --- | | Magha | This festival is observed on the first day of Magh month as per Bengali Panjika. This is a Sankranti celebration in Assam, which is known as Magh Bihu. This year, Magh Bihu festival is being celebrated on 15 January , 2023. | | Ashwin | Month has both religious and spiritual significance. After the Tarpan period of ancestors, Navrati of goddess Durga are begun. Dussehra and Ram Navami are also major festivals of this time. |

The correct answer is vertical.

Key Points

• In stratification, the distribution of species is done vertically.
• ​ This means that the different species are arranged in layers or strata based on their ecological characteristics.
• This allows for a better understanding of the diversity of species within an ecosystem and helps in the management and conservation of these species.
• Central distribution (option 1) is not a relevant concept in stratification as it does not provide any information about the distribution of species within an ecosystem.
• Diagonal distribution (option 2) is also not applicable in stratification as it is not a recognized method for arranging species in ecological studies.
• Horizontal distribution (option 4) may be used in some cases, but it is not as effective as vertical stratification as it does not consider the different ecological niches of species.

Additional Information

• Stratification is a method used in ecological studies to better understand the distribution and diversity of species within an ecosystem.
• Vertical stratification involves arranging species into different layers or strata based on their ecological characteristics, such as light, temperature, and moisture requirements.
• Horizontal distribution refers to the arrangement of species based on their location within a particular layer or stratum.
• Diagonal distribution is not a recognized method for arranging species in ecological studies and is not applicable to stratification.

The correct answer is Maharashtra. 

Key Points

• Koli is a traditional folk dance form that originated in the state of Maharashtra, India.
• The dance is performed by the Kolis, a fishing community in Maharashtra, during their festivals and celebrations.
• The dance form is characterized by its rhythmic movements, colorful costumes, and lively music played using traditional instruments such as the dhol and Tasha.
• Koli dance is often performed in a group, with dancers forming a circle and moving in a synchronized manner.
• The dance form has gained popularity in recent years and is now performed not only in Maharashtra but also in other parts of India and even abroad.

Additional Information

• Jharkhand: The state of Jharkhand is known for its tribal culture and folk dances such as Chhau, Jhumar, and Santhali dance.
• West Bengal: West Bengal is famous for its folk dances such as Chhau, and Gambhira.
• Tamil Nadu: Tamil Nadu is known for its classical dance form Bharatanatyam and folk dances such as Karagattam and Kummi.
• Maharashtra: Apart from Koli dance, Maharashtra is also known for its other folk dances such as Lavani, Dhangari Gaja, and Povada.

The correct answer is Dadabhai Naoroj.

Key Points

• Dadabhai Naoroji introduced the concept of poverty line in pre-independent India.
• He was an Indian Parsi scholar, trader, and politician who is known for his contribution to the Indian independence movement.
• The poverty line refers to a threshold income level below which a person or a family is considered to be living in poverty.
• Naoroji's book "Poverty and Un-British Rule in India" (1901) was the first to estimate the poverty line in India.
• Manabendra Nath Roy was an Indian revolutionary who founded the Communist Party of India and later the Communist Party of India (Marxist). He did not introduce the concept of poverty line in India.
• Amartya Sen is an Indian economist who won the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1998 for his work on welfare economics. Although he has contributed significantly to the study of poverty, he did not introduce the concept of poverty line in India.
• Mysore Narasimhachar Srinivas was an Indian sociologist who made significant contributions to the study of Indian society and culture. He did not introduce the concept of poverty line in India.
• Therefore, option 3, Dadabhai Naoroji, is the correct answer to the question.

The correct answer is Mg.

Key Points

• The element with atomic number 12 is magnesium (Mg).
• Magnesium is a light, silvery-white metal that is abundant in the earth's crust.
• It is commonly used in alloys with other metals, such as aluminum, to improve strength and corrosion resistance.
• Magnesium is also an essential element for living organisms, playing a key role in many biochemical reactions in the body.

Additional Information

• Option 2: Oxygen (O) is a non-metallic element with atomic number 8. It is a colorless, odorless gas that makes up about 21% of the earth's atmosphere.
• Option 3: Helium (c) is a noble gas with atomic number 2. It is the second lightest element and is commonly used in balloons and as a cooling agent in MRI machines.
• Option 4: Magnesium (Mg) is a light, silvery-white metal with atomic number 12. It is commonly used in alloys and is essential for living organisms.

The correct answer is the shaping of steel.

Key Points

• The correct answer is the shaping of steel.
• Shaping of steel is the final step in the process of manufacturing steel, where the molten steel is poured into molds to give it a desired shape and size.
• The process of manufacturing steel involves several steps, including the production of liquid steel, heating limestone, coke, and iron in a blast furnace, and the production of pig iron.
• Production of liquid steel involves melting scrap or iron ore in a furnace to produce liquid steel, which is then refined to remove impurities and adjust its composition.
• Heating limestone, coke, and iron in a blast furnace is the first step in the process, where the raw materials are mixed and heated to produce pig iron, which is further processed to make steel.
• Production of pig iron involves extracting iron from its ore and combining it with carbon to produce a brittle material that is later refined to make steel.
• Hence, the statement "What is the last step in the process of manufacturing of steel?" is correctly answered by option 3, shaping of steel.

The correct answer is Vinay Mohan Kwatra.

Key Points

• The correct answer is option 1, Vinay Mohan Kwatra, who became the Foreign Secretary of India in May 2022.
• Vinay Mohan Kwatra is a 1988-batch Indian Foreign Service officer who has served as India's Ambassador to France, Monaco, and UNESCO.
• Subrahmanyam Jaishankar was the Foreign Secretary of India from January 2015 to January 2018 and later became the Minister of External Affairs in the Government of India.
• Yashwant Sinha is a former Indian Administrative Service officer who served as the Minister of Finance and External Affairs in the Government of India. Harsh Vardhan Shringla is a 1984-batch Indian Foreign Service officer who is currently serving as the Foreign Secretary of India.
• Hence, the statement is correct.

The correct answer is 6

Key Points

• The correct answer to the question is option 1, which is 6 players on each side are allowed on the field at a time in the game of Volleyball.
• Volleyball is a team sport in which two teams of six players are separated by a net.
• Each team tries to score points by grounding a ball on the other team's court under organized rules.
• Hence, the statement "How many players on each side are allowed on the field at a time in the game of Volleyball?" is correct, and the correct answer is option 1, which is 6 players on each side.

Additional Information

• Option 2, which is 8 players, is not correct as Volleyball is played with only six players on each side.
• Option 3, which is 7 players, is also not correct as Volleyball is played with only six players on each side.
• Option 4, which is 5 players, is not correct as Volleyball is played with six players on each side.

The correct answer is Humayun’s Tomb.

Key Points

• Bahadur Shah Zafar was the last Mughal emperor of India, who was arrested by the British officials during the Indian Rebellion of 1857.
• The British officials arrested Bahadur Shah Zafar and his sons from Humayun's Tomb in Delhi, where they were taking refuge.
• Humayun's Tomb is a UNESCO World Heritage Site located in Nizamuddin East, Delhi, India.
• It was built in the mid-16^th century by Humayun's wife, Empress Bega Begum.

Additional Information 

• Safdarjung's Tomb is another historical monument located in Delhi, which was built in 1754 by the son of Safdarjung, the prime minister of the Mughal emperor Muhammad Shah.
• Jama Masjid is one of the largest mosques in India, located in Old Delhi. It was built by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in the 17^th century.
• Red Fort, also known as Lal Qila, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site located in Old Delhi.
• It was built by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in the 17^th century and served as the residence of the Mughal emperors until 1857.

Solution:

• Norman Borlaug is known as the father of Green Revolution in the world for his contribution to the development of high-yielding wheat varieties.

• He received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1970 for his work in agriculture and is credited with saving millions of lives from starvation in developing countries.

• Adam Smith was a philosopher and economist who is known for his theory of the invisible hand and his book, The Wealth of Nations.

• Jawahar Lal Nehru was the first Prime Minister of India who played a significant role in the country's independence movement and its early years of nation-building.

• Kourien is not a known personality in the field of agriculture or any other significant field.

Hence, the correct answer is option 1 - Norman Borlaug.

The correct answer is economic.

Key Points

• National income accounting is a method of measuring the economic activity of a country during a specific time period.
• It helps in determining the total value of goods and services produced in the economy, known as Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
• The data obtained through national income accounting is used to make economic policies and plans.
• Economic activity includes all transactions involving the production, consumption, and distribution of goods and services within the country's borders.

Additional Information

• Chemical, democratic, and medical are not relevant options in the context of national income accounting.
• Chemical refers to the branch of science dealing with the composition and properties of substances and their reactions. It has no connection with national income accounting.
• Democratic refers to a political system where power is exercised by the people through elected representatives. It is not related to economic activity.
• Medical refers to the field of medicine and healthcare. While healthcare is an important sector of the economy, it is just one part of economic activity and not the entire picture.

Given:

Initial wage: Rs. 1200

Final wage: Rs. 1800

Concept Used:

The formula for percent increase is ((final value - initial value)/initial value) x 100.

Solution:

⇒ ((1800 - 1200)/1200) x 100

⇒ 600/1200 x 100

⇒ 50%

Therefore, the percent increase in the man's wage is 50%.

Given:

Side of cube: 5 cm

Concept Used**:**

Total surface area of the resulting cuboid is 2lw + 2lh + 2wh, where l is length, w is width, and h is height.

Solution:

⇒ Here, length l = 5 x 3 = 15 cm (since three cubes are joined end to end), width w = 5 cm, height h = 5 cm

⇒ 2lw + 2lh + 2wh = 2(15 x 5) + 2(15 x 5) + 2(5 x 5)

⇒ 150 + 150 + 50 = 350 cm²

Therefore, the total surface area of the resulting cuboid is 350 cm².

Given:

Akhil, Sahil, and Amit together can do the work in 64 days

Akhil and Sahil can do the work in 80 days

Concept Used**:**

The total work is the same in both cases. The time taken by Amit alone can be found by subtracting the time taken by

Akhil and Sahil from the time taken by all three.

Solution:

⇒ Amit's 1 day work = (1/64 - 1/80)

⇒ Amit's time to complete the work = 1 / (1/64 - 1/80)

⇒ Amit's time to complete the work = 320 days

Therefore, Amit can do the same work in 320 days.

Given:

(i) 13 - 7 + 8 x 9 + 63 ÷ 9

(ii) 8 x 3 + 63 ÷ 9 - 6

(iii) 42 ÷ 6 + (2 x 5) x 1 + 9

(iv) 9 x 4 + (12 + 2) - 30 ÷ 3

Concept used:

Follow the BODMAS rule according to the table given below:

Solution:

⇒ Evaluating each option,

(i) 13 - 7 + 8 x 9 + 63 ÷ 9 = 6 + 72 + 7 = 85

(ii) 8 x 3 + 63 ÷ 9 - 6 = 24 + 7 - 6 = 25

(iii) 42 ÷ 6 + (2 x 5) x 1 + 9 = 7 + 10 + 9 = 26

(iv) 9 x 4 + (12 + 2) - 30 ÷ 3 = 36 + 14 - 10 = 40

Therefore, option 1 is not correct.

Given Data:

Speed of Mohan = 24 km/h

Speed of Sohan = 18 km/h

Time = 10 minutes

Concept Used**:**

The total distance covered by both Mohan and Sohan is the sum of the distances each has covered, which is their speeds multiplied by time.

Solution:

⇒ Total distance = (Speed of Mohan + Speed of Sohan) x Time

⇒ Total distance = (24 + 18) x 10/60 (as time is converted from minutes to hours)

⇒ Total distance = 42 x 1/6 = 7 km

Therefore, the distance between points P and Q is 7 km.

Shortcut Trick

Total volume of the new cube = Sum of volumes of the three melted cubes.

Total Volume = 8³ + 1³ + 6³ = 512 + 1 + 216 = 729 cm³.

Side of new cube (a) = ³√729 = 9 cm.

Longest diagonal of a cube = a × √3 = 9√3 cm.

∴ The correct answer is 9√3 cm.

Alternate Method

Given:

Sides of the three cubes: a₁ = 8 cm, a₂ = 1 cm, a₃ = 6 cm.

Formula Used:

1. Volume of a cube = (side)³
2. Longest diagonal (Space Diagonal) = side × √3

Calculations:

⇒ Volume of 1^st cube = 8 × 8 × 8 = 512 cm³

⇒ Volume of 2^nd cube = 1 × 1 × 1 = 1 cm³

⇒ Volume of 3^rd cube = 6 × 6 × 6 = 216 cm³

⇒ Volume of newly formed cube = 512 + 1 + 216 = 729 cm³

⇒ Side of the new cube = ³√729

⇒ Side (a) = 9 cm

⇒ Longest diagonal = a × √3

⇒ Diagonal = 9 × √3 = 9√3 cm

∴ The correct answer is 9√3 cm.

Additional Information

Total Surface Area of a Cube

The total surface area (TSA) of a cube with side 'a' is given by 6a². For the new cube, TSA = 6 × 9² = 486 cm².

Face Diagonal vs Space Diagonal

The face diagonal of a cube is a√2, while the space diagonal (longest diagonal) is a√3.

Volume Conservation

When solid objects are melted and recast into a single object, the total volume remains constant, provided there is no wastage during the process.

Shortcut Trick

Speed₁ = 75 mph; Time₁ = 3 hr

Speed₂ = 75 × 130% = 97.5 mph; Time₂ = 2 hr

Average Speed = (v₁t₁ + v₂t₂) / (t₁ + t₂)

Average Speed = (75 × 3 + 97.5 × 2) / (3 + 2) = (225 + 195) / 5 = 420 / 5 = 84 mph.

∴ The correct answer is 84 miles per hr.

Alternate Method

Given:

Distance X-Y: Time = 3 hr, Speed = 75 mph

Distance Y-Z: Time = 2 hr, Speed = 30% increase over 75 mph

Formula: Average Speed = Total Distance ÷ Total Time

⇒ Distance (X to Y) = Speed × Time = 75 × 3 = 225 miles

⇒ Speed (Y to Z) = 75 + (30 ÷ 100 × 75) = 75 + 22.5 = 97.5 mph

⇒ Distance (Y to Z) = Speed × Time = 97.5 × 2 = 195 miles

⇒ Total Distance = 225 + 195 = 420 miles

⇒ Total Time = 3 + 2 = 5 hr

⇒ Average Speed = 420 ÷ 5 = 84 mph

∴ The correct answer is 84 miles per hr.

Additional Information

General Average Speed

The general formula for average speed is (Total Distance Covered) ÷ (Total Time Taken). It is the weighted average of speeds with respect to time.

Equal Distances Case

When a person travels two equal distances at speeds v₁ and v₂, the average speed is given by the harmonic mean: 2v₁v₂ ÷ (v₁ + v₂).

Equal Time Intervals Case

If a person travels at different speeds for equal time intervals, the average speed is the arithmetic mean of the speeds: (v₁ + v₂) ÷ 2.

Relative Speed

For two objects moving in the same direction, Relative Speed = v₁ − v₂. For opposite directions, Relative Speed = v₁ + v₂.

Given Data:

a ∶ b = 4:6

b ∶ c = 10:11

Concept Used**:**

Ratios can be equated to find the ratio between different elements.

Solution:

⇒ a ∶ b = 4 ∶ 6 = 2 ∶ 3 (simplified)

⇒ b ∶ c = 10 ∶ 11

⇒ Therefore, a : c = 2 × 10 ∶ 3 x 10 ∶ 11 × 3 = 20 ∶ 33 (b got cancelled)

Therefore, the ratio c ∶ a is 33 ∶ 20.

Given Data:

Present population = 92,61,000

Growth rate = 5%

Time = 3 years

Concept Used**:**

To find the original population (P), use the formula: P = Present population ÷ (1 + growth rate/100)^Time.

Solution:

⇒ Population 3 years ago = 92,61,000 ÷ (1 + 5/100)³

⇒ Population 3 years ago = 92,61,000 ÷ 1.157625

⇒ Population 3 years ago = 80,00,000 (approximately)

Therefore, the population of the city 3 years ago was approximately 80,00,000.

Given:

Marked price = ₹86,000

Initial discount = 40%

Cost price = 60% below marked price

Membership discount = 10%

Concept Used**:**

Profit = Selling price - Cost price

Percent profit = (Profit / Cost Price) x 100

⇒ Cost Price = ₹86,000 x 0.4 = ₹34,400

⇒ Selling price without membership = ₹86,000 x 0.6 = ₹51,600

⇒ Profit without membership = ₹51,600 - ₹34,400 = ₹17,200

⇒ Selling price with membership = ₹51,600 x 0.9 = ₹46,440

⇒ Profit with membership = ₹46,440 - ₹34,400 = ₹12,040

⇒ Percent profit = (₹12,040 / ₹17,200) x 100 ≈ 70%

Therefore, the profit of the retailer with the membership card scheme is approximately 70% of the profit of the retailer without the membership card scheme.

Given:

The ratio of the money between Jack and John is 7 : 13.

The ratio of the money with John and Jonas is 9 : 11.

Jack has ₹6,300

Concept Used:

The total amount of money can be found by equating the common ratio (Jack's money) and solving for the unknown.

Solution:

If Jack has 7 units, then 1 unit = ₹6300/7 = ₹900.

John has 13 units, then John has 13 x ₹900 = ₹11700.

If John has 9 units, then 1 unit = ₹11700/9 = ₹1300.

If Jonas has 11 units, then Jonas has 11 x ₹1300 = ₹14300.

Therefore, Jonas has ₹14300.

Given:

Principal = Rs. 24,000

Amount = Rs. 26,460

Rate of interest = 5% p.a.

Concept Used**:**

The formula for compound interest is: A = P (1 + r/n)^(nt), where n is the number of times interest is compounded per time period t.

Solution:

⇒ 26,460 = 24,000 (1 + 5/100)^(t)

⇒ (26,460/24,000) = (21/20)^(t)

⇒ t = log[(26,460/24,000)] / log[1.05] ≈ 2 years

⇒ In months, t = 2 x 12 = 24 months

Therefore, it will take 24 months for the sum to amount to Rs. 26,460.

Shortcut Trick

For any two numbers, the product of the numbers is equal to the product of their HCF and LCM.

⇒ Second Number = (HCF × LCM) ÷ First Number

⇒ Second Number = (20 × 2880) ÷ 180

⇒ Second Number = 57600 ÷ 180 = 320

∴ The correct answer is 320.

Alternate Method

Given:

HCF of the two numbers = 20

LCM of the two numbers = 2880

First number = 180

Formula Used:

First Number × Second Number = HCF × LCM

Calculations:

⇒ 180 × Second Number = 20 × 2880

⇒ 180 × Second Number = 57600

⇒ Second Number = 57600 ÷ 180

⇒ Second Number = 320

∴ The correct answer is 320.

Additional Information

Product Rule for Two Numbers

The product of any two numbers is always exactly equal to the product of their Highest Common Factor (HCF) and Least Common Multiple (LCM). Formula: N₁ × N₂ = HCF × LCM.

Co-prime Numbers

If two numbers are co-prime, their HCF is always 1. For such numbers, their LCM is simply the direct product of the two numbers.

HCF and LCM of Fractions

HCF of fractions = (HCF of Numerators) ÷ (LCM of Denominators). LCM of fractions = (LCM of Numerators) ÷ (HCF of Denominators).

Given:

Marked price = ₹2,000

First discount = 20%

Second discount = 10%

Concept Used**:**

When successive discounts are given, each is applied on the new price after the previous discount has been applied.

Solution:

⇒ Price after first discount = ₹2,000 x (1 - 0.2) = ₹1,600

⇒ Price after second discount = ₹1,600 x (1 - 0.1) = ₹1,440

Therefore, the selling price of the article is ₹1,440.

Alternate MethodLet the MP be 100

MP =  2000, 1^st Discount = 20%, SP= (100 - 20 ) = 80

⇒ 2000 ÷ 100 × 80 = 1600

⇒ 2^nd Discount = 10%, SP = (100 - 10) = 90

SP = 1600 ÷ 100 × 90 = 1,440

∴ Selling Price is 1,440

Given:

Distance between stations = 100 km

Crossing point = 70 km from one station

Concept Used**:**

When two objects move towards each other, the ratio of their speeds is inversely proportional to the time they take to cover the same distance.

Solution:

⇒ Total distance = 100

The distance traveled by the first train is 70 km.

⇒  Distance traveled by the second train is 100 - 70 = 30 km 

⇒  Ratio of their speeds = Distance covered by first train : Distance covered by second train

⇒ Ratio of their speeds = 70 km : 30 km = 7 ∶ 3

Therefore, the ratio of their speeds is 7:3.

Given Data:

Total chairs = 50

Total cost = ₹50,000

Damaged chairs = 20

Profit required = 35%

Concept Used**:**

Selling Price = (100 + Profit%)/CP × 100

Solution:

⇒ Total selling price = 1.35 x Total cost = 1.35 x 50000 = ₹67,500

⇒ Let the selling price of normal chair = x

⇒ Selling price of damaged chair = 3/4 x

⇒ Total selling price = 20 × (3/4x) + 30 × x = 67,500

⇒ 45x = 67,500

⇒ x = ₹1,500

Therefore, the selling price of the normal chair should be ₹1,500.

Given Data:

Initial population = 15,750

Final population = 14,490

Concept Used:

Percentage decrease = [(Initial value - Final value) / Initial value] x 100%

Solution:

⇒ Percentage decrease = [(15750 - 14490) / 15750] x 100% = 8%

Therefore, the decrease in the population of the village is 8%.

Given Data:

Gain = $5\frac{5}{19}\%$

Solution:

The trader selling at the cost price

Profit = $5{5 \over 19}\%$ = (100/19)% = (100/19) × 100 = 1/19

⇒ Profit = 1 unit and Cost price = 19 units

⇒ Selling price = 1 + 19 = 20 units

1 kg = 1000 gm

Let, he use x gram

19 : 20 = x : 1000

⇒ x = (19 × 1000)/20

⇒ x = 950

He uses 950 g weight instead of 1000 g.

⇒ Error = 1000 - 950

⇒ Error = 50 g

Therefore, the error in weight of 1 kg is 50 g.

Given:

A's efficiency = 2B's efficiency

B's time - A's time = 45 days

Concept Used:

If A is twice as efficient as B, A will take half the time taken by B to finish the same job. Also, time taken by A and B to complete a job together = 1/(1/A's time + 1/B's time)

Solution:

⇒ Let the time taken by B to complete the job be x days. Then A's time = x/2.

⇒ From the given, x - x/2 = 45 ⇒ x = 90 days (Time taken by B alone)

⇒ Time taken by A alone = 90/2 = 45 days

⇒ Time taken by A and B together = 1/(1/45 + 1/90) = 30 days

Therefore, they can finish the job together in 30 days.

Given:

First distance = 20 km at 4 km/h

Second distance = 5 km/h for 5 hours = 25 km

Concept Used:

Average speed = Total distance / Total time

Solution:

⇒ Total distance = 20 km + 25 km = 45 km

⇒ Total time = 20 km / 4 km/h + 5 hours = 5 hours + 5 hours = 10 hours

⇒ Average speed = 45 km / 10 hours = 4.5 km/h

Therefore, the average speed of Anand for the whole journey is 4.5 km/h.

The correct answer is "A very heavy downpour."

 Key Points

• The idiom "raining cats and dogs" means a very heavy downpour. (बहुत भारी बारिश)
• Example: Don't forget to take your umbrella - it's raining cats and dogs out there.
• It is not related to cats and dogs getting wet in rain.
• The correct answer is Option 1.

The correct answer is "Fury."

 Key Points

• "Anger" means the strong feeling that you have when something has happened or somebody has done something that you do not like. (क्रोध, ग़ुस्‍सा, रोष)
• Example: He could not hide his anger at the news.
• Synonyms of Angry include rage, wrath, and fury.
• "Fury" means extreme anger, similar to the given word Anger. (अत्‍यधिक क्रोध; उन्‍माद)
• Example: His fury was evident as he slammed the door shut.
• The correct answer is Option 2.

Additional Information

• Delight means great pleasure or satisfaction. (अत्‍यंत प्रसन्‍नता; आनंद)
• Frenzy means a state of wild excitement or madness. (नियंत्रण-विहीन अत्‍यधिक उत्तेजना या हलचल; उन्‍माद, पागलपन)
• Dismay means a feeling of disappointment or distress. (प्रबल निराशा और व्‍याकुलता)

The correct answer is "My favourite subject is Mathematics."

 Key Points

• The correct spelling of the subject is "Mathematics."
• The word Mathematics is spelled with two 't's and an 's' at the end.
• Example: I love to learn Mathematics.
• The word Favourite is spelled correctly in all the options.
• The correct answer is Option 4.

Additional Information

• Option 1: Mathimatics - Incorrect spelling
• Option 2: Mathematecs - Incorrect spelling
• Option 3: Mathematiks - Incorrect spelling

The correct answer is "an equal standing."

 Key Points

• "Similar opportunities" means same chances. (समान अवसर)
• Example: We got similar opportunities in our college.
• "Equal standing" means having the same rights, opportunities, and status as others. (दूसरों के समान अधिकार, अवसर और स्थिति होना)
• Example: We should be provided with equal standing in all the fields.
• This is the most appropriate option because it accurately reflects the idea that dowry denies women equal opportunities in society.
• The correct answer is option 1.

Additional Information

• Option 2, "an appropriate desire," does not accurately reflect the negative impact of dowry on women's rights.
• Option 3, "an increasing honour," suggests that women's status is improving over time, which is not the case with dowry.
• Option 4, "an accurate place," does not accurately capture the negative impact of dowry on women's rights.

The correct answer is "approaching."

 Key Points

• "Imminent" means something that is about to happen or occur. ((प्रायः अप्रिय बात) बहुत शीघ्र लगभग निश्‍चित रूप से घटित होने वाली; सन्निकट, आसन्‍न, अवश्‍यंभावी)
• Example: Heavy rainfall means that flooding is imminent.
• Approaching is a synonym of imminent.
• ​It means something that is coming closer or nearer. (कोई ऐसी चीज़ जो निकट या समीप आ रही हो)
• Example: The ship is approaching.
• The sentence suggests that the danger to the king's life is about to happen or occur soon, hence imminent danger.
• The correct answer is Option 2.

Correct sentence: The king was changing his hiding place every now and then because of approaching danger to his life. 

Additional Information

• Option 1, "happening", is not a synonym of imminent. It means something that is currently occurring or taking place. (जो घटित होता है; घटना (प्रायः विचित्र और पेचीदा))
• Option 3, "participating", is not a synonym of imminent. It means taking part in an activity or event. (किसी काम में भाग लेना या उससे जुड़ जाना)
• Option 4, "losing", is not a synonym of imminent. It means being defeated or suffering a loss. ((किसी वस्‍तु को) खो देना, न पा सकना)

The correct answer is "Illustrious."

 Key Points

• The word "illustrious" is misspelt.
• This word must be spelt with a double "l" and double "s."
• The correct spelling of the word is "illustrious."
• It means famous, distinguished, or renowned. (प्रसिद्घ और सफल)
• Example: She comes from an illustrious political family with two former Cabinet ministers.
• The correct pronunciation is ih-luhs-tree-uhs.
• The correct answer is Option 1.

 Correct sentence:  She comes from an illustrious political family.

The correct answer is "Genial."

 Key Points

• "Austere" means severe or stern in manner or appearance. (कठोर/सादगीपूर्ण)
• Example: Despite their wealth, they lead an austere life.
• "Genial" is the opposite of austere.
• It means meaning friendly and cheerful. (प्रसन्‍नचित्त और मित्रवत)
• Example: The teacher has a genial manner.
• The correct answer is Option 4.

 Additional Information

• Affordable, is not an antonym of austere. It means reasonably priced or within one's financial means. (आर्थिक पहुँच के भीतर)
• Stiff, is not an antonym of austere. It means rigid or inflexible. ((वस्‍तु, काग़ज़ आदि) सख्‍़त, कड़ा और न झुकने या मुड़ने वाला)
• Gruff, is not an antonym of austere. It means rough or blunt in the manner of speech. ((व्‍यक्ति या स्‍वर) रूखा और कठोर)

The correct answer is "Central."

 Key Points

• "Paramount" means "of the utmost importance." (सर्वाधिक महत्वपूर्ण)
• Example: Safety is paramount in car design.
• "Central" means "at the heart of something; of prime importance." (सर्वाधिक महत्वपूर्ण; मुख्‍य)
• Example: The film’s central character is a fifteen-year-old girl.
• Both words convey the idea of something being very important.
• "Central" is a synonym of "paramount" in this context.
• The correct answer is Option 4.

Additional Information

• "Remind", means to bring something back to someone's attention, but it is not a synonym of "paramount". (किसी को कुछ याद दिलाना (विशेषतः किसी ख़ास बात के लिए))
• "Rephrase", means to express something in a different way, but it is not a synonym of "paramount". (किसी चीज़ को अलग तरीके से व्यक्त करना)
• "Rehearse", means to practice something, but it is not a synonym of "paramount". (पूर्वाभ्यास करना)

The correct answer is "Dark."

 Key Points

• "Scintillating" means sparkling or shining brightly. (चमचमाता या चमकता हुआ)
• Example: I can see the scintillating sun.
• "Dark" is the opposite of scintillating.
• "Dark" means having very little or no light. (अँधेरा)
• Example: It was a dark night, with no moon.
• The correct answer is Option 1.

Additional Information

• "Wonderful": extremely good; fantastic. (अत्‍युत्तम, बहुत बढ़िया; आश्‍चर्यजनक, अद्‌भुत)
• "Bright": extremely good; fantastic. (अत्‍युत्तम, बहुत बढ़िया; आश्‍चर्यजनक, अद्‌भुत)
• "Amazing": very surprising and difficult to believe; incredible. (आश्‍चर्यजनक और अविश्‍वसनीय; अतिविस्‍मयकारी)

The correct answer is "A fair competition."

 Key Points

• "Level playing field" is an idiom used to describe a situation where all participants have an equal chance to succeed.
• "Level playing field" एक मुहावरा है जिसका उपयोग ऐसी स्थिति का वर्णन करने के लिए किया ��ाता है जहां सभी प्रतिभागियों को सफल होने का समान मौका मिलता है।
• Example: They are still not providing a level playing field in terms of opportunities for women.
• This phrase is often used in the context of sports or business, where it is important to ensure that no one has an unfair advantage.
• The word "level" in this idiom refers to something that is flat or even, suggesting that all players are starting from the same position.
• By the idiom "level playing field," we mean a fair competition.
• The correct answer is Option 4.

The correct answer is "sight."

Key Points

• "Eye-sight" refers to the ability to see. (देखने की शक्ति, दृष्टि, नज़र)
• Example: She has poor eyesight.
• The sentence is saying that Anne's eyesight is good for someone of her age.
• The correct answer is Option 1.

Correct sentence: Anne’s eyesight is very good for someone of her age.

Additional Information

• "Cite" means to quote or refer to something as evidence or an example. (उदाहरण या प्रमाणस्‍वरूप किसी बात का उल्‍लेख करना या किसी व्‍यक्ति के मूल शब्‍द उद्धृत करना)
• "Side" refers to one of the edges or surfaces of an object. (किसी वस्‍तु की कोई एक समतल बाहरी सतह; पार्श्व, फ़लक)
• "Site" refers to a location or place. (वह स्‍थान जहाँ कोई इमारत खड़ी थी, है या होगी; भवन स्‍थल)

The correct answer is "A. My uncle broke his promise to keep up with the trend of being healthy."

 Key Points

• Simple past tense is used to describe a completed action in the past.
• Structure for simple past tense: Subject + V2+ Object
• Example: She took my bag.
• The verb "broke" is in the simple past tense. (The V2 form of the verb "break.")
• The correct answer is "Option 3."

Additional Information

• Option 2 (My uncle had been breaking his promise to keep up with the trend of being healthy) is in past perfect continuous tense, indicating an action that started in the past and continued up until another point in the past.
• Option 3 (My uncle had broken his promise to keep up with the trend of being healthy) is in the past perfect tense, indicating an action that was completed before another point in the past.
• Option 4 (My uncle was breaking his promise to keep up with the trend of being healthy) is in the past continuous tense, indicating an action that was ongoing in the past but may not have been completed.

The correct answer is 'right.'

 Key Points

• 'Right' is the correct spelling of the word that fits the blank in the sentence.
• It is an adjective that means correct or accurate. (शुद्घ, सही; सच)
• Example: I was right about that plan.
• In the sentence, it means that one cannot always be correct or accurate in their beliefs or opinions.
• The word 'always' emphasizes the idea that being right all the time is impossible.
• The correct answer is Option 2.

Correct answer: You might be wrong, you can’t always be right.

 Additional Information

• Option 1: 'rite' is a noun that refers to a religious or ceremonial act or practice. (वर्ग विशेष द्वारा (प्रायः धार्मिक प्रयोजन से) किया गया अनुष्‍ठान)
• Option 3: 'write' is a verb that means to put words on paper or another surface. (लिखना (काग़ज़ पर क़लम या पेंसिल से))
• Option 4: 'riot' is a noun that refers to a violent disturbance of the peace by a crowd. (दंगा, बलवा, हंगामा (लोगों द्वारा किसी सार्वजनिक स्‍थान पर, प्रायः विरोधस्‍वरूप))

The correct answer is "moves from one hole to another and eats."

 Key Point

• The subject of the sentence is "lizard," a singular noun, so the verb must also be singular: "moves" instead of "move."
• Also, the verb "eats" is correct instead of "eat."
• The word "hole" means an opening; an empty space in something solid. (गड्‌ढा, छेद; किसी ठोस वस्‍तु में ख़ाली स्‍थान, छेद, सुराख़)
• Example: The pavement is full of holes.
• ​The word "whole" means complete; full. (पूरा, पूर्ण; सारा-का-सारा, समग्र)
• Example: I drank a whole bottle of water.
• The preposition "from" is followed by the object "one hole," so it should be "from one hole to another," not "from one whole to another."
• The sentence is grammatically correct as written in Option 3.

The correct answer is "Utopia."

 Key Points

• "Utopia" is a one-word substitute for a perfect society in which people work well with each other and are happy. (कल्‍पनालोक (कल्‍पना में बना संसार जहाँ सब कुछ आदर्श स्थिति में है), आदर्श-लोक, रामराज्‍य)
• Example: Try and imagine a perfect society, a utopia, in which the government really got everything right.
• It is a noun and pronounced as "yoo-toh-pee-uh".
• The term "utopia" is often used to describe an ideal society or community that is impossible to achieve in reality.
• The correct answer is Option 4.

 Additional Information

• Option 1 (Gala land) means a special public occasion at which there is a lot of entertainment, usually in the form of different types of performances. (एक विशेष सार्वजनिक अवसर जिस पर ढेर सारा मनोरंजन होता है, आमतौर पर विभिन्न प्रकार के प्रदर्शनों के रूप में)
• Option 2 (Dystopia) is the opposite of Utopia and refers to an imaginary society where everything is bad or unpleasant. (एक काल्पनिक समाज जहाँ सब कुछ बुरा या अप्रिय है)
• Option 3 (Homeland) is a noun that refers to a person's country of birth or the place where they feel they belong. (स्‍वदेश, मातृभूमि)

The correct answer is "uncontrollably."

 Key Points

• "Uncontrollably" means without restraint or self-control. (बेक़ाबू होकर)
• Example: She was talking uncontrollably.
• It is the most appropriate option to fill in the blank as it fits the context of the sentence.
• The adverb "uncontrollably" modifies the verb "grow," indicating that the action is done without control.
• The correct answer is Option 1.
• Correct passage:

Cancer is a disease in which some of the body’s cells grow uncontrollably and spread to other parts of the body. Cancer can start ______ (2) ______ anywhere in the human body, which is made up of trillions of cells. Normally, human cells grow and multiply (through a process called cell division) to ______ (3) ______ new cells as the body needs them. When cells grow old or become damaged, they die, and new cells take their place. Sometimes, this orderly process ______ (4) ______ down, and abnormal or damaged cells grow and multiply when they shouldn’t. These cells may form tumours, which are lumps of tissue. Tumours can be cancerous or ______ (5) ______.

 Additional Information

• Option 2, "inadequately", means insufficiently or not enough. It does not fit the context of the sentence. (अपर्याप्त रीति से, बिना आत्‍मविश्‍वास के)
• Option 3, "unwontedly", means unusually or unexpectedly. It does not fit the context of the sentence. (असामान्य रूप से या अप्रत्याशित रूप से)
• Option 4, "inversely", means in the opposite manner or direction. It does not fit the context of the sentence. (प्रतिलोम रूप से, उलटे क्रम से)

The correct answer is "almost."

 Key Points

• In this context, we need a word which means "very nearly."
• "Almost" means very nearly or very close to. (लगभग; क़रीब-क़रीब)
• It indicates that the action or state being described is not quite complete or not quite achieved.
• Example: I almost missed my flight.
• The correct answer is Option 1.​
• Correct passage:

Cancer is a disease in which some of the body’s cells grow uncontrollably and spread to other parts of the body. Cancer can start almost anywhere in the human body, which is made up of trillions of cells. Normally, human cells grow and multiply (through a process called cell division) to ______ (3) ______ new cells as the body needs them. When cells grow old or become damaged, they die, and new cells take their place. Sometimes, this orderly process ______ (4) ______ down, and abnormal or damaged cells grow and multiply when they shouldn’t. These cells may form tumours, which are lumps of tissue. Tumours can be cancerous or ______ (5) ______.

Additional Information

• Option 2 (just) means recently or only a short time ago. (अभी-अभी, हाल ही में, एकदम पहले)
• Option 3 (barely) means only just; almost not. ((विशेषतः ‘can’ और ‘could’ के बाद प्रयुक्त-इस बात पर बल देने के लिए कि अमुक काम कठिन है) मुश्किल से, कठिनाई से)
• Option 4 (simply) means merely or only; just. (किसी बात के आसान और प्रारंभिक या मामूली होने पर बल देने के लिए प्रयुक्त)

The correct answer is "form."

 Key Points

• "Form" means to give shape or structure to something, to make or organize something. (कुछ बनाना या संगठित करना (किसी वस्‍तु या कार्यप्रणाली का विशेष रूप; प्रकार))
• Example: The artist used clay to form a beautiful sculpture.
• It is the most appropriate option to fill in the blank in the given sentence.
• The correct answer is Option 3.
• Correct passage:

Cancer is a disease in which some of the body’s cells grow uncontrollably and spread to other parts of the body. Cancer can start almost anywhere in the human body, which is made up of trillions of cells. Normally, human cells grow and multiply (through a process called cell division) to form new cells as the body needs them. When cells grow old or become damaged, they die, and new cells take their place. Sometimes, this orderly process ______ (4) ______ down, and abnormal or damaged cells grow and multiply when they shouldn’t. These cells may form tumours, which are lumps of tissue. Tumours can be cancerous or ______ (5) ______.

 Additional Information

• "Shape" (Option 1) means to make something into a particular form. (किसी वस्‍तु को विशेष आकृति में ढालना)
• "Build" (Option 2) means to construct something, and it does not fit the context of the sentence. (बनाना, निर्माण करना)
• "Formulate" (Option 4) means to create or develop something, usually a plan or theory, and it does not fit the context of the sentence. (कुछ करने की योजना बनाना या उसके लिए विचारों को व्‍यवस्थित करना; सूत्रित करना)

The correct answer is "breaks."

 Key Points

• The verb "breaks" is the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.
• This option means that something stops working or functioning properly. (टूटना या तोड़ना)
• Example: The machine breaks down frequently, causing delays in production.
• It is grammatically correct to use "breaks" as a verb in this context.
• The correct answer is Option 1.
• Correct passage:

Cancer is a disease in which some of the body’s cells grow uncontrollably and spread to other parts of the body. Cancer can start almost anywhere in the human body, which is made up of trillions of cells. Normally, human cells grow and multiply (through a process called cell division) to form new cells as the body needs them. When cells grow old or become damaged, they die, and new cells take their place. Sometimes, this orderly process breaks down, and abnormal or damaged cells grow and multiply when they shouldn’t. These cells may form tumours, which are lumps of tissue. Tumours can be cancerous or ______ (5) ______.

 Additional Information

• Option 2, "slows," means to start to move, do something or happen at a slower speed; to cause something to do this. ((अधिक) मंद गति से चलना शुरू करना, कोई काम करना या होना; किसी से यह सब करवाना)
• Option 3, "powers," means to supply energy to something to make it work. (किसी वस्‍तु (यंत्र आदि) को चलाने के लिए उसे ऊर्जा प्रदान करना)
• Option 4, "blows," means (used about wind, air, etc.) to be moving or to cause something to move. ((हवा का) बहना, चलना))

The correct answer is 'benign'.

 

Key Points

• The sentence states that tumours can be of two types, forming a contrast.
• The correct pair is “cancerous or benign,” where benign means non-cancerous.
• This is a standard medical classification: tumours are either malignant (cancerous) or benign (non-cancerous).
• Other options do not fit the medical or contextual meaning required here.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 1'.

 

Additional Information

• Malignant: Means cancerous, so it cannot pair with “cancerous or …”.
• Benevolent: Means kind or well-meaning; unrelated to tumours.
• Mild: Means gentle or not severe; not used as a technical classification for tumours.

वाक्य में रेखांकित शब्द के विलोम शब्द का प्रयोग करके रिक्त स्थान की पूर्ति किया जा सकता है - अवनति

• यदि उन्नति उचित दिशा में न हो तो वह अवनति का कारण बनती है।
• उन्नति- तरक़्क़ी, प्रगति, विकास।
• अवनति- सामान्य स्थिति से नीचे गिरना, गिरावट, पतन।

Important Points

Key Points

• एक़-दूसरे के विपरीत या उल्टा अर्थ देने वाले शब्द विलोम कहलाते है।

Additional Informationकुछ महत्वपूर्ण विलोम शब्द-

'गोचर' शब्द के लिए उचित वाक्यांश होगा - जिसका ज्ञान इंद्रियों द्वारा हो सके

• गाय को चराने वाला, जो गाय के साथ चलता है - ग्वाला या चरवैया
• जिसका ज्ञान इंद्रियों द्वारा न हो सके - अगोचर

Key Points

• अनेक शब्दों के लिए एक शब्द को प्रयुक्त करना ही वाक्यांश के लिए एक शब्द कहलाता है।

Additional Information कुछ महत्वपूर्ण वाक्यांश के लिए एक शब्द:-

दिए गये वाक्य में 'विशेषण व विशेष्य प्रयोग' की त्रुटि है। यहाँ 'चतुर से काम करे तो सफलता अवश्य मिलती है।' सार्थक शब्द नही है तथा इससे वाक्य का सही अर्थ प्रकट नहीं हो रहा।

• अत: वाक्य में 'चतुराई से काम करने से' प्रयोग होना चाहिए। क्योंकि वाक्य में 'चतुर' विशेषण है, जबकि 'चतुराई' विशेष्य शब्द है।
• शुद्ध वाक्य - चतुराई से काम करने से सफलता अवश्य मिलती है।

Key Points

Additional Information

'पंडित' शब्द के सही पर्यायवाची शब्द का प्रयोग किया गया है - मनीषी मेरे द्वार पर आये हैं।

• 'पंडित' शब्द के सभी पर्यायवाची शब्द- सुधी, विद्वान, कोविद, बुध, धीर, मनीषी, प्राज्ञ, विचक्षण।
• अन्य सभी विकल्पों में वर्तनी से सम्बन्धित त्रुटि हैं।

Key Points

• जो शब्द समान अर्थ के कारण किसी दूसरे शब्द की जगह ले लेते हैं उन्हें पर्यायवाची शब्द कहते है।

Additional Information कुछ अन्य महत्वपूर्ण पर्यायवाची ���ब्द:-

‘जानकी’ का पर्यायवाची नहीं है - सूर्यसुता

• ‘जानकी’ का पर्यायवाची है - सीता, वैदही, जनकसुता, मिथिलेशकुमारी, जनकतनया, जनकात्मजा।
• 'यमुना' का पर्यायवाची है - सूर्यसुता, अर्कजा, रवितनया, कालिन्दी, कृष्णा, तरणिजा, भानुजा।

Key Points

• जो शब्द समान अर्थ के कारण किसी दूसरे शब्द की जगह ले लेते हैं, उन्हें पर्यायवाची शब्द कहते है।

Additional Information कुछ अन्य महत्वपूर्ण पर्यायवाची शब्द:-

'बहुत खुश होना' - अर्थ को व्यक्त करने वाला मुहावरा होगा - मूसलों ढोल बजाना

• वाक्य प्रयोग - जब बेरोजगार राजू को नौकरी मिल गई, तो "मूसलों ढोल बजाने लगे"।

Important Points 

Key Points

• मुहावरा एक ऐसा वाक्य होता है,
• जो वाक्य की रचना करने पर अपना एक अलग अर्थ या विशेष अर्थ प्रकट करता है,
• इनका प्रयोग करने से भाषा,आकर्षक, प्रभावपूर्ण तथा रोचक बन जाती है।

Additional Information कुछ अन्य महत्वपूर्ण मुहावरा, अर्थ और उनके वाक्य प्रयोग:-

‘शहर का आधा भाग जलमग्न हो चुका है।’ इस वाक्य में रिक्त स्थान की पूर्ति उपयुक्त वाक्य-खंड है। 

• जलमग्न- जो पानी में डूबा हो।
• अन्य विकल्पों के वाक्य-खंडो के प्रयोग से सही अर्थ का बोध नही हो रहा है।

Key Pointsजल-  

• वारि, पानी, नीर, सलिल, तोय, उदक, अंबु, जीवन, पय, अमृत, मेघपुष्प।

मग्न-

• किसी कार्य या भाव में पूरी तरह डूबा हुआ, तन्मय, लीन।

इस साल व्यापार में बहुत लाभ हुआ।

उपरोक्त वाक्य में रेखांकित शब्द का विलोम शब्द है - हानि

Important Points 

• फायदा शब्द का विलोम शब्द - नुकसान
• खतरा - अनिष्ट की संभावना।
• तकादा - किसी से अपना प्राप्य धन पाने या आवश्यक कार्य करने के लिए फिर से कहने या स्मरण कराने की क्रिया।

Key Points

• एक-दूसरे के विपरीत या उल्टा अर्थ देने वाले शब्दों को, विलोम शब्द कहते है।

Additional Information 

 कुछ महत्वपूर्ण विलोम शब्द:-

'जो व्यक्ति दूर की बात सोचता है' - वाक्यांश के लिए सार्थक शब्द होगा - दूरदर्शी

• एक प्रकार का यंत्र जिसकी सहायता से दूर के शब्द या दूर की आवाज़ ज्यों की त्यों सुनाई पड़ती है; (टेलीफ़ोन) - दूरभाष
• एक यंत्र या उपकरण जो दूर की चीज़ों को पास और स्पष्ट दिखाता है; (टेलिस्कोप) - दूरबीन
• दूर की बात सोचने या समझने का गुण - दूरदृष्टि

Key Points

• अनेक शब्दों के लिए एक शब्द को प्रयुक्त करना ही वाक्यांश के लिए एक शब्द कहलाता है।

Additional Informationकुछ महत्वपूर्ण वाक्यांश के लिए एक शब्द:-