SSC GD Constable (2022) Official Paper (Held On : 16 Jan 2023 Shift 4) (Previous Year Paper)

The logic followed here is:

So, '379' will complete the series.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

Family Chart:

Given: 

X and Z are sisters.

Y is the brother of Z.

S is the daughter of Z.

T is the brother of S.

T is married to U.

So, Y is the 'Mother’s brother' of S.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The logic followed here is:

So, '75' will complete the series.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

For find the opposite surface of '3', we need to compare the common surface in the given dices,

Now, symbol '3' is given in Dice 1, Dice 2 and Dice 3. 

 

→ 3 is the common surface and 4, 2, 5, 1 is the adjacent surface.

So, the remaining '6' will be the opposite face of '3'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The correct mirror image of the given figure is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The correct dictionary order for the give words are:

5 drama

1 dream

3 drone

4 dropped

2 drown

So, the correct sequence is '5, 1, 3, 4, 2'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The logic followed here is:

So, 'SMKG' will replace the question mark in the given series.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Given Statements:

Some trains are buses.

No bus is a car.

Some cars are bikes.

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statement is:

Conclusions:

I. Some bikes are cars - True (Because, Some cars are bikes, so Some Bikes are also Car).

II. Some bikes are trains - False (Because, No definite relation given between Bikes are Trains, so it can be possible only).

So, Only conclusion I follows.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

Given equation: 158 - 64 × 6 ÷ 2 = 4 × 15 ÷ 3.

BODMAS Table: 

Let's check each option one by one.

Option 1) 15 and 158

Given: 158 - 64 × 6 ÷ 2 = 4 × 15 ÷ 3

After interchanging the numbers we get;

⇒ 15 - 64 × 6 ÷ 2 = 4 × 158 ÷ 3

⇒ 15 - 64 × 3 = 4 × 52.66

⇒ 15 - 192 = 210.64

⇒ -177 ≠ 210.64

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 2) 64 and 6

Given: 158 - 64 × 6 ÷ 2 = 4 × 15 ÷ 3

After interchanging the numbers we get;

⇒ 158 - 6 × 64 ÷ 2 = 4 × 15 ÷ 3

⇒ 158 - 6 × 32 = 4 × 5

⇒ 158 - 192 = 20

⇒ -34 ≠ 1

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 3) 64 and 4

Given: 158 - 64 × 6 ÷ 2 = 4 × 15 ÷ 3

After interchanging the numbers we get;

⇒ 158 - 4 × 6 ÷ 2 = 64 × 15 ÷ 3

⇒ 158 - 4 × 3 = 64 × 5

⇒ 158 - 12 = 320

⇒ 146 ≠ 320

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 4) 6 and 4

Given: 158 - 64 × 6 ÷ 2 = 4 × 15 ÷ 3

After interchanging the numbers we get;

⇒ 158 - 64 × 4 ÷ 2 = 6 × 15 ÷ 3

⇒ 158 - 64 × 2 = 6 × 5

⇒ 158 - 128 = 30

⇒ 30 = 30

⇒ LHS = RHS

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The logic followed here is:

So, 'GHJM' will replace the question mark in the given series.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The logic followed here is:

Step I: Symbol 

shifted its place in as shown:

Step II: Symbol 

 flipped 90 degree in next images and getting shifted in clockwise direction.

Step III: Symbol 

shifted its place in as shown:

Step IV: Symbol

 is getting interchanged with letter 'P' and 'T' and shifting alternatively

So, the complete series is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

Given: Six students are sitting around a circular table facing the centre.

1. D sits second to the right of E. 

2) F sits second to the right of D.

3. B is an immediate neighbour of E and sits second to the right of C.

4) F is an immediate neighbour of A.

5. A is not an immediate neighbour of E.

Here, "B' is sitting between D and E.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Given: Five people A, B, C, D, and E are sitting in a straight row facing the North.

1. A is sitting to the immediate left of C.

2. Only C is sitting between A and E.

3. B is sitting to the right of E.

4. D is sitting to the right of B.

Here, 'A' is sitting at the extreme left of the row.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Given equation: 72 - 36 × 4 ÷ 6 + 24 = 42.

BODMAS Table: 

Let's check each option one by one.

Option 1) ÷ and x

Given: 72 - 36 × 4 ÷ 6 + 24 = 42

After interchanging the signs we get;

⇒ 72 - 36 ÷ 4 × 6 + 24 = 42

⇒ 72 - 9 × 6 + 24 = 42

⇒ 72 - 54 + 24 = 42

⇒ 96 - 54 = 42

⇒ 42 = 42

⇒ LHS = RHS

Option 2) + and -

Given: 72 - 36 × 4 ÷ 6 + 24 = 42

After interchanging the signs we get;

⇒ 72 + 36 × 4 ÷ 6 - 24 = 42

⇒ 72 + 24 - 24 = 42

⇒ 96 - 24 = 42

⇒ 72 ≠ 42

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 3) - and ÷

Given: 72 - 36 × 4 ÷ 6 + 24 = 42

After interchanging the signs we get;

⇒ 72 ÷ 36 × 4 - 6 + 24 = 42

⇒ 2 × 4 - 6 + 24 = 42

⇒ 8 - 6 + 24 = 42

⇒ 32 - 6 = 42

⇒ 26 ≠ 42

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 4) × and +

Given: 72 - 36 × 4 ÷ 6 + 24 = 42

After interchanging the signs we get;

⇒ 72 - 36 + 4 ÷ 6 × 24 = 42

⇒ 72 - 36 + 16 = 42

⇒ 88 - 36 = 42

⇒ 52 ≠ 42

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: The second word is the unit of measurement for the first word.

Here,

Resistance : Ohm → Ohm is the unit of measurement for electrical resistance.

Similarly,

Energy : Joule → Joule is the unit of measurement for energy.

Hence, the correct answer is "Joule".

The logic followed here is:

For, LEAP : KFZQ

For, CLOS : BMNT

Similarly, for EJOT : ?

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The logic followed here is:

For, 'STORK’ is written as ‘URROO',

For, 'ASHES’ is written as ‘CQKBW',

Similarly, for 'BUNKE'

So, 'BUNKE' will be written as 'DSQHI'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: (1^st number - 2) ÷ 4 = 2^nd number.

Now,

For, 46 : 11

⇒ (46 - 2) ÷ 4

⇒ 44 ÷ 4 = 11.

For, 30 : 7

⇒ (30 - 2) ÷ 4

⇒ 28 ÷ 4 = 7.

Similarly, for 50 : ?

⇒ (50 - 2) ÷ 4

⇒ 48 ÷ 4 = 12.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The image embedded in the given option figure is as shown below:

Hence, "Option 2" is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

For, 'LEAF' is written as ‘EZDK’,

For, ‘PLANT’ is written as ’SMZKO',

Similarly, for 'FLOWER'

So, 'FLOWER' will be written as 'QDVNKE'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The correct answer is Special Marriage Act.

Key Points

• The Parliament introduced the Special Marriage Act, 1954 which allows for a special form of marriage for the people of India to marry irrespective of their religion.
• Conditions for a valid marriage: Section 4
• Neither party has a spouse living:
• Neither party-
• is incapable of giving a valid consent to it in consequence of unsoundness of mind.
• though capable of giving valid consent, has been suffering from mental disorder of such a kind or to such an extent as to be unfit for marriage and the procreation of children.
• has been subject to recurrent attacks of insanity or epilepsy.

Additional Information 

• The male has completed the age of twenty-one years and the female, the age of eighteen years.
• The parties are not within the degrees of prohibited relationship.
• A declaration in the form specified has to be signed by the applicants along with three witnesses.
• The Marriage Officer shall after being satisfied that all the conditions mentioned in Section 15 of the Act are met with, enter a certificate of the marriage in the Marriage Certificate Book in the Form specified in the Fifth Schedule and the parties to the marriage and three witnesses shall sign such certificate.

The correct answer is Punjab.

Key Points

• The Green Revolution in India began in the late 1960s in the state of Punjab.
• The Green Revolution refers to a period of drastic change in agricultural practices that involved the large-scale adoption of modern farming techniques.
• This included using high-yielding variety (HYV) seeds, chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and advanced irrigation methods.
• These developments led to a significant increase in agricultural production, especially in the case of wheat and rice, making India self-sufficient in food grains.
• Although the revolution had started from Punjab, it eventually spread to other parts of the country.
• The key architect of the Green Revolution in India was M.S. Swaminathan, often referred to as the "Father of the Green Revolution" in India.

The correct answer is agricultural rural hinterland.

Key Points

• Industrially developed urban centers are usually surrounded by an "agricultural rural hinterland."
• In geographical terms, a 'hinterland' refers to the area surrounding a town or port, which is served by the port or town for the transportation of goods.
• In context, an agricultural rural hinterland serves as the region that supplies the urban center with agricultural products or raw materials and in return, it receives industrial goods and services.
• However, it's important to note that the exact nature and characteristics of the hinterland can change based on specific geographical or economic contexts.
• For instance, a seaport city might indeed have a "seaport hinterland" where the surrounding areas rely on the port for trade and transportation access.

The correct answer is Churning poor.

Key Points

• The term "churning poor" is  used to describe individuals or households who move in and out of poverty.
• It refers to people whose income fluctuates around the poverty line, sometimes being above, and at other times falling below it.
• These fluctuations can be due to a variety of factors, including seasonal income variations, sudden expenses, or unexpected economic events.
• The "churning poor" are a group for whom poverty is a persistent but not always constant problem.
• This precarity can make planning for the future and breaking the cycle of poverty very challenging.

The correct answer is Chief minister.

Key Points

• The Chief Minister of a state suggests the allocation of portfolios, but the official power to assign portfolios to the cabinet ministers rests with the Governor.
• It's important to note that the Governor exercises this function as a part of his or her formal powers and acts on the advice of the Chief Minister.
• Chief Minister is the real executive authority i.e., de facto executive.
• The Constitution does not contain any specific procedure for the selection and appointment of the Chief Minister.
• Article 164 only says that the Chief Minister shall be appointed by the governor.
• The governor has to appoint the leader of the majority party in the state legislative assembly as the Chief Minister.
• But, when no party has a clear majority in the assembly, then the governor may exercise his personal discretion and then ask him to prove the majority within a reasonable period.

The correct answer is Pluto.

Key Points

Pluto is a dwarf planet in our solar system.

• The dwarf planet is a celestial body that is orbiting around the sun and a mass to assume a nearly round shape.
• It has not cleared the neighbourhood space around it and not comes in the satellite category.

 

Mars:

• Mars is called Red Planet.
• It has two satellites - Phobos and Deimos.
• Mars is the fourth planet in the solar system.
• It is the second smallest planet in the solar system.
• In English Mars carries the name of the Roman God of War.

The correct answer is 11; 51A.

Key Points

Fundamental Duties were added to the constitution in 1976.

• It is inspired by the Constitution of the erstwhile USSR.
• It was recommended by the Sardar Swaran Singh Committee.
• Its need and necessity were felt during the operation of the internal emergency (1975-1977).

Fundamental Duties: 

• Fundamental Duties were incorporated in the Indian Constitution by the 42^nd amendment.
• There are 11 Fundamental Duties for Indian Citizens drafted on the lines of moral, ethical, and cultural code of conduct followed by people.
• Article 51 ‘A’ contained in Part IV A of the Constitution deals with Fundamental Duties.
• Fundamental Duties are taken from the Constitution of Russia.
• These enjoin upon a citizen among other things, to abide by the Constitution, to cherish and follow noble ideals.

Hence, from the above-mentioned points, it becomes clear that Article 51 A of Part ‘IV a’ of the Constitution have Fundamental Duties been incorporated.

Additional Information 

There are 11 fundamental duties, according to Article 51A, that are to be obeyed by all the citizens of the country:

• To abide by the Indian Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Anthem, and the National Flag.
• To follow the Noble ideals that inspired the national struggle for freedom.
• To protect and uphold the sovereignty, integrity, and unity of the country.
• To defend the nation and render national services when asked to do so.
• To promote the spirit of Brotherhood and fraternity in the country.
• To value and preserve the rich heritage of the country's composite culture.
• To protect the environment of the nation.
• To strive for excellence.
• To safeguard public property and to deny violence.
• To generate a scientific rationale for every thought.
• To provide opportunities for education to children between the age of 6 and 14.

The correct answer is Japan.

Key Points

• Tokyo, Japan:
• Tokyo is the host city for 2020 Summer Olympics.
• Tokyo was the host city for 1964 Summer Olympics.
• The 1964 Tokyo Games were the first to be held in Asia.
• The 2024 Summer Olympics is to be held in Paris, France.
• Mexico was the host city for 1968 Summer Olympics.
• Los Angeles hosted the Olympic Games in 1932 and 1984 and will host again in 2028.

The correct answer is Cricket.

Key Points

Leg before wicket (LBW):

• If the ball is bowled and hits the .batsman first without touching the bat, then an LBW decision is possible.
• However for the umpire to give this out he must first look at some of the factors stated in the cricket rules.
• The first thing the umpire needs to decide is that it is a no-ball, would the ball have hit the wickets if the batsman was not there.
• If his, answer to this is yes and the ball was not pitched on the leg side of the wicket he can safely give the batsman out.
• However, if the ball hits the batsman outside the line of off stump while he was attempting to play a stroke then he is not out.

Additional Information

Cricket: 

• Cricket is a bat and ball game played between two teams on a field, at the center of which is a rectangular pitch.
• One team bats, trying to defend the wicket and scoring as many runs as possible.
• There are a number of different ways a batsman can be given out in the game of cricket.
• For example, bowled, caught, LBW, run out, retired out, etc.

The correct answer is drawer.

Key Points

• The person or entity writing the cheque is known as the payer or "drawer". ​

 

Here are important points concerning this role:

1. Authority: The drawer is the person who has the authority to instruct their bank or financial institution to pay a specified amount from their account. Only the account holder or their duly authorized representative can act as the drawer.
2. Responsibility: The drawer is responsible for ensuring that their account has sufficient funds to cover the amount specified on the cheque. If a drawer writes a cheque that bounces due to insufficient funds, they may be legally liable.
3. Risk: The drawer exposes themselves to the risk of fraud or theft when they write a cheque. Anyone possessing the cheque can attempt to fraudulently cash it or alter the amount payable. Therefore, drawers must be careful to keep their blank cheques secure, write cheques only to trustworthy individuals or entities, and properly record all transactions.
4. Relationship: The drawer has a direct relationship with their bank or financial institution (the drawee). The drawer's bank is obligated to follow the drawer's payment instructions on the cheque, provided the account has sufficient funds and the cheque is validly issued. This includes paying the specified amount to the person or entity named on the cheque (the payee).

The correct answer is 1539.

Key Points

• The Battle of Chausa is one of the most important battles fought in Indian history.
• This war was fought on June 26, 1539, between the forces of Sher Khan (Sher Shah) and Humayun, the son of Mughal emperor Babar, at a place called 'Chausa' on the northern bank of the river Ganges.
• After being successful in the battle of Chausa, Sher Khan equipped himself with the title of 'Sher Shah', as well as ordered his name to be engraved and coins to be minted.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Both I and II.

Key Points

The Mauryan Empire was divided into four provinces with the imperial capital at Pataliputra.

• From Ashokan edicts, the name of the four provincial capitals are
• Tosali (in the east),
• Ujjain (in the west),
• Suvarnagiri (in the south), and
• Taxila (in the north)

The correct answer is R Venkataramani.

Key Points

• R Venkataramani is the incumbent Attorney-General for India. He succeeded to the office as the 16^th Attorney-General on 1 October 2022. His predecessor was K. K. Venugopal.
• Mukul Rohatgi ​
• Mukul Rohatgi is an Indian lawyer and designated senior advocate.
• He was the 14^th Attorney General of India.
• He had a three-year term as Attorney General from 19 June 2014 to 18 June 2017.
• He is a senior advocate in the Supreme Court of India.
• He has also previously served as the Additional Solicitor General of India.
• KK Venugopal
• KK Venugopal is an Indian constitutional lawyer and a senior advocate in the Supreme Court of India.
• On 1 July 2017, he was appointed as the Attorney General of India.

Additional Information

• Attorney General Constitutional Provisions
• According to Article 76 of the Indian Constitution, the Attorney General (AG) of India is the highest law officer of India.
• As the Chief Legal Adviser to the Government of India, the Attorney General acts to advise the Central Government on all legal matters.
• Apart from this, the Attorney General of India also represents the Central Government in the Supreme Court.

The correct answer is Yashwant Sinha

Key Points

• Yashwant Sinha was the candidate of the United Progressive Alliance (UPA) in the 15^th Presidential Election in India
• Yashwant Sinha is an Indian administrator and politician.
• His constituency was Hazaribagh.
• He served as the Minister of Finance from 1990 until 1991 under Prime Minister Chandra Shekhar and again from March 1998 to July 2002 under Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee.
• He also served as the Minister of External Affairs from July 2002 until May 2004

The correct answer is World Trade Organization.

Key Points 

• The World Trade Organization (WTO) is an intergovernmental organization that is concerned with the regulation of international trade between nations.
• The WTO officially commenced on 1 January 1995 under the Marrakesh Agreement, signed by 123 nations on 15 April 1994, replacing the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), which commenced in 1948.
• It is the largest international economic organization in the world.
• The World Trade Organization (WTO) is the only global international organization dealing with the rules of trade between nations.

The WTO can

• cut living costs and raise living standards
• settle disputes and reduce trade tensions
• stimulate economic growth and employment
• cut the cost of doing business internationally.
• encourage good governance
• help countries develop
• give the weak a stronger voice
• support the environment and health
• contribute to peace and stability
• be effective without hitting the headlines

The correct answer is Trophic Level.

Key Points

• A specific place of an organism in the food chain is referred to as its "trophic level".
• Trophic levels are the stages that energy passes through as it flows through an ecosystem, from photosynthetic plants up to the top predators.
• Each level has organisms that share the same function in the food chain and the same nutritional relationship to primary sources of energy.
• Here's a simple example: plants, which produce their own food, are at the first trophic level. Herbivores, which eat plants, are at the second trophic level.
• Carnivores, which eat herbivores, are at the third trophic level, and so on.

The correct answer is CH 3 COOH.

 Key Points

• Ethanoic acid belongs to the group of carboxylic acids and it is a type of weak acid.
• Ethanoic acid (CH 3 COOH) belongs to the group of carboxylic acids and is commonly called acetic acid.
• It is slightly heavier than water with a density of 1.05 g/cm 3.
• ​Uses of ethanoic acid
• Ethanoic acid is widely used in many industries.
• Commercially it is used in the manufacturing of esters, vinegar, and many polymeric materials.
• Vinegar has been shown to reduce high concentrations of blood sugar.
• It is used as an anti-fungal agent.

The correct answer is 14^th January.

Key Points

• Whenever the Sun crosses the Tropic of Capricorn, the day is January 14 and people celebrate it as Makar Sankranti.
• On this day, the Sun leaves the sign of Sagittarius and enters the sign of Capricorn, and the movement of the Sun in Uttarayana is believed to begin.
• This festival always falls on the 14^th January (sometimes we see this festival falling on the 13^th January or 15^th of January but barring this exceptional case it always falls on the 14^th January) It is a tradition to celebrate this festival everywhere in the month of Paush when the sun enters Capricorn.

Additional Information

• Makar Sankranti is the main festival of Maharashtra as well as India.
• Makar Sankranti is celebrated in one form or another across India and Nepal.
• This festival is celebrated when the Sun enters Capricorn in the month of Paush. In the present century, the festival falls on the fourteenth or fifteenth day of the month of January, on which day the Sun leaves the sign of Sagittarius and enters the sign of Capricorn.
• In Tamilnadu, the festival is celebrated as Pongal, while in Karnataka, Kerala, and Andhra Pradesh it is simply called Sankranti.
• The festival of Makar Sankranti is also called Uttarayana in some places.

The correct answer is Lavani.

Key Points

• "Lavani" is not associated with Jharkhand.
• Lavani is a form of dance that is associated with the state of Maharashtra in India.
• On the other hand, Agni, Phagua, and Mardana Jhumar are traditional dance forms from Jharkhand.
• Agni is a tribal dance of the Santhals in which they dance around a heap of straw, symbolizing the fire god.
• Phagua is another folk dance performed during the festival of Holi.
• Mardana Jhumar is a form of dance performed by men on the festive occasion of Karma.

The correct answer is Sonal Mansingh.

Key PointsSonal Mansingh is an Indian classical dancer.

• She is the Guru of Bharatanatyam and Odissi dancing style.
• She has been nominated by the President of India to become a Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha.
• She is the youngest recipient of Padma Bhushan in 1992 and Padma Vibhushan in 2003.
• She started learning Manipuri dance at age four.
• At age seven she started learning Bharatnatyam from various gurus belonging to the Pandanallur school.
• She has "Praveen" and "Kovid" degrees in Sanskrit from Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan.
• In November 2019, Sonal Mansingh was felicitated with Lifetime Achievement Award.
• In 2018, she was honored with Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship.
• The Choreographies of Sonal are:
• Indradhanush
• Manavatta
• Mera Bharat
• Draupadi
• Gita Govinda
• Sabras

Shortcut Trick

Let the weights of Ram, Shyam, and Mohan be 7x, 8x, and 5x respectively.

Total weight = 7x + 8x + 5x = 20x.

Since the average weight is 80 kg, total weight = 80 × 3 = 240 kg.

20x = 240 ⇒ x = 12 kg.

Average weight of Ram and Shyam = (7x + 8x) ÷ 2 = 7.5x = 7.5 × 12 = 90 kg.

∴ The correct answer is 90 kg.

Alternate Method

Given:

Ratio of weights of Ram, Shyam, and Mohan = 7 : 8 : 5

Average weight of all three persons = 80 kg

Calculations:

⇒ Total weight of Ram, Shyam, and Mohan = Average weight × Number of persons

⇒ Total weight = 80 × 3 = 240 kg

⇒ Sum of ratio parts = 7 + 8 + 5 = 20 parts

⇒ Value of 1 part = 240 ÷ 20 = 12 kg

⇒ Weight of Ram = 7 × 12 = 84 kg

⇒ Weight of Shyam = 8 × 12 = 96 kg

⇒ Total weight of Ram and Shyam = 84 + 96 = 180 kg

⇒ Average weight of Ram and Shyam = 180 ÷ 2 = 90 kg

∴ The correct answer is 90 kg.

Additional Information

Averages

The average provides the central or mean value of a set of quantities. Formula: Average = Sum of all observations ÷ Total number of observations.

Ratio and Proportion

When a total sum is distributed in a given ratio (a : b : c), the value of any specific share is calculated as: Share = (Ratio part ÷ Sum of all parts) × Total Value.

Weighted Average

Used when combining different groups of different sizes and individual averages into a single overall average. Combined Average = (n₁ × A₁ + n₂ × A₂) ÷ (n₁ + n₂).

Shortcut Trick

Time taken by P to complete 500 m = 500 ÷ (2 × 5/18) = 900 seconds.

Since P beats Q by 60 s, time taken by Q = 900 + 60 = 960 seconds.

Q gets a 20 m head start, so distance run by Q = 500 − 20 = 480 m.

Speed of Q in m/s = 480 ÷ 960 = 0.5 m/s.

Speed of Q in kmph = 0.5 × (18/5) = 1.8 kmph.

∴ The correct answer is 1.8 kmph.

Alternate Method

Given:

⇒ Total race distance = 500 m

⇒ Speed of P = 2 kmph

⇒ Head start of Q = 20 m

⇒ P beats Q by = 60 seconds

Formula Used:

⇒ Time = Distance ÷ Speed

⇒ Speed in kmph = Speed in m/s × 18/5

Calculations:

⇒ Speed of P in m/s = 2 × (5/18) = 5/9 m/s

⇒ Time taken by P to complete 500 m = 500 ÷ (5/9) = (500 × 9) ÷ 5 = 900 seconds

⇒ Since P beats Q by 60 seconds, time taken by Q to reach the finish line = 900 + 60 = 960 seconds

⇒ Q received a head start of 20 m, so Q covers only 500 − 20 = 480 m

⇒ Speed of Q in m/s = Distance ÷ Time = 480 ÷ 960 = 0.5 m/s

⇒ Converting Q's speed to kmph = 0.5 × (18/5) = 1.8 kmph

∴ The correct answer is 1.8 kmph.

Additional Information

Head Start in a Race

If A gives B a head start of x meters in a race of length L, then A must cover L meters, but B only needs to cover (L − x) meters.

Beating by Time

If A beats B by t seconds, it means B arrives t seconds later than A at the finish line. Thus, Time of B = Time of A + t.

Unit Conversion for Speed

To convert kmph to m/s, multiply the value by 5/18. To convert m/s to kmph, multiply by 18/5.

Given

The total score of the batsman: 96 runs

Score from boundaries: 2 x 4 = 8 runs

Score from sixes: 6 x 6 = 36 runs

Concept Used: Percentage = (part / total) x 100

Solution:

Runs made by running between the wickets = Total score - score from boundaries - score from sixes = 96 - 8 - 36 = 52 runs

Percentage of score made by running = (52 / 96) x 100 = 54.16%

Therefore, the percentage of his total score that he made by running between the wickets is 54.16%.

Shortcut Trick

Total Surface Area (TSA) = Total Cost ÷ Rate per cm²

⇒ TSA = 1056 ÷ 0.30 = 3520 cm²

Using TSA = πr(l + r): 3520 = (22/7) × r(36 + r)

⇒ 1120 = r(36 + r)

By Option Verification: If r = 20, then 20 × (36 + 20) = 20 × 56 = 1120. (Matches)

∴ The correct answer is 20 cm.

Alternate Method

Given:

Total Cost of painting = ₹1056

Rate of painting = 30 paise/cm² = ₹0.30/cm²

Slant height (l) = 36 cm

Formula Used:

Total Surface Area of a Solid Cone = πr² + πrl = πr(l + r)

Calculations:

⇒ Total Surface Area (TSA) = 1056 / 0.30

⇒ TSA = 3520 cm²

⇒ πr(l + r) = 3520

⇒ (22/7) × r(36 + r) = 3520

⇒ r(36 + r) = (3520 × 7) / 22

⇒ r(36 + r) = 160 × 7

⇒ r² + 36r − 1120 = 0

⇒ r² + 56r − 20r − 1120 = 0

⇒ r(r + 56) − 20(r + 56) = 0

⇒ (r − 20)(r + 56) = 0

⇒ r = 20 cm (as radius cannot be negative)

∴ The correct answer is 20 cm.

Additional Information

Curved Surface Area of Cone

The area of the curved part only is given by πrl, where l is the slant height.

Slant Height Relation

The relationship between slant height (l), vertical height (h), and radius (r) is l² = h² + r².

Volume of Cone

The capacity or volume of a cone is (1/3)πr²h.

Given

Manoj's investment in mutual funds: Rs. 57,695

This investment is 11% of his annual income

Concept Used: Calculation of income based on the percentage

Solution:

(100/11) × Rs. 57,695 = Rs. X,

where X is his annual income.

X = (100/11) ×  57695 ≈ Rs. 524500.

Next, to find out Manoj's monthly income, we divide his annual income by 12.

Therefore, Manoj's monthly income = Rs. 524500/12 ≈ Rs.43,708.33

So, Manoj's monthly income is approximately Rs. 43,708.33.

Therefore, Manoj's monthly income is approximately Rs. 43,708.33.

Given

Expression: 60 ÷ 5 x (9/8 of 4/3 ÷ 3/4 of 2/3)

Concept Used:

Solution:

⇒ 60 ÷ 5 x (9/8 of 4/3 ÷ 3/4 of 2/3)

⇒ 60 ÷ 5 x (3/2 ÷ 1/2)

⇒ 12 x (3) = 36

Hence, the value of the expression is 36.

Given

9 persons can do a job in 18 days

18 persons have twice the efficiency

Concept Used:

Work = Number of persons x Efficiency x Time

Solution:

Total work = 9 persons x 1 (efficiency) x 18 days = 162 person-days

Time taken by 18 persons with twice the efficiency = Total work / (18 persons x 2 (efficiency)) = 162 person-days / 36 = 9/2 days

Therefore, 18 persons with twice the efficiency can do the same job in 9/2 days.

Shortcut Trick

Volume of a hemisphere = (2 ÷ 3) × π × r³

Given radius (r) = 6 m

Volume = (2 ÷ 3) × (22 ÷ 7) × 6 × 6 × 6

Volume = 2 × (22 ÷ 7) × 2 × 36 = 3168 ÷ 7 ≈ 452.57 m³

∴ The correct answer is 452.57 m³.

Alternate Method

Given:

Radius (r) of the sphere = 6 m

The sphere is cut into two equal halves, forming two hemispheres.

Formula Used:

Volume of Hemisphere = (2/3)πr³

Calculations:

⇒ Volume = (2 ÷ 3) × (22 ÷ 7) × (6)³

⇒ Volume = (2 ÷ 3) × (22 ÷ 7) × 216

⇒ Volume = 2 × (22 ÷ 7) × 72

⇒ Volume = 44 × 72 ÷ 7

⇒ Volume = 3168 ÷ 7

⇒ Volume ≈ 452.5714...

∴ The correct answer is 452.57 m³.

Additional Information

Surface Area of Hemisphere

Curved Surface Area (CSA) = 2πr² and Total Surface Area (TSA) = 3πr².

Sphere Properties

Volume of a full sphere = (4/3)πr³ and Surface Area = 4πr².

Units of Volume

Volume is always measured in cubic units (m³, cm³, etc.) as it involves three dimensions.

Shortcut Trick

The multiplying factor for a 10% discount is 90/100 or 9/10.

Selling Price (SP) = Marked Price × (9/10) × (9/10)

SP = 1600 × (81 / 100)

SP = 16 × 81 = 1296

∴ The correct answer is Rs.1,296.

Alternate Method

Given:

Marked Price of the toy (MP) = Rs.1,600

First discount (D₁) = 10%

Second cash discount (D₂) = 10%

Formula Used:

Selling Price (SP) = MP × (1 − D₁/100) × (1 − D₂/100)

Calculations:

⇒ Price after 1^st discount = 1600 − (10% of 1600)

⇒ Price after 1^st discount = 1600 − 160 = 1440

⇒ Price after 2^nd discount = 1440 − (10% of 1440)

⇒ Price after 2^nd discount = 1440 − 144 = 1296

⇒ Final Selling Price = Rs.1,296

∴ The correct answer is Rs.1,296.

Additional Information

Equivalent Successive Discount

For two successive discounts of D₁% and D₂%, the single equivalent discount percentage is D₁ + D₂ − (D₁ × D₂) / 100.

Marked Price (MP) vs Cost Price (CP)

All discounts are calculated strictly on the Marked Price (MP), whereas Profit and Loss percentages are based exclusively on the Cost Price (CP).

Markup Percentage

The percentage by which a seller increases the price of goods above the cost price. Markup % = (MP − CP) / CP × 100.

Given

The current value of the house: ₹40,00,000

Depreciation rate: 10% per year

Concept Used:

Depreciation = Original cost x (Depreciation Rate/100) x Time

Solution:

Value after first year = ₹40,00,000 - (₹40,00,000 x (10/100)) = ₹36,00,000

Value after second year = ₹36,00,000 - (₹36,00,000 x (10/100)) = ₹32,40,000

Value after third year = ₹32,40,000 - (₹32,40,000 x (10/100)) = ₹29,16,000

Therefore, the value of the house after three years is ₹29,16,000.

Given:

The original weight = 80 g

The weight for selling = 100 g

Concept:

P = SP - CP      Where, P = Profit, SP = Selling price, and CP = Cost price

Calculation:

Let the profit % be X

The cost price for the weight = 80 g

The selling price for the weight = 100 g

According to the questions

⇒ X = ${100\ -\ 80\over 80}\ \times 100\ =\ {20\over 80}\ \times 100\ =\ 25\%\$

∴ The required result will be 25%

Shortcut Trick

The fourth proportional (x) to three numbers a, b, and c is given by the formula: x = (b × c) ÷ a.

Here, a = s³, b = s²t, and c = st².

⇒ x = (s²t × st²) ÷ s³

⇒ x = s³t³ ÷ s³ = t³

∴ The correct answer is t³.

Alternate Method

Given:

First term (a) = s³

Second term (b) = s²t

Third term (c) = st²

Let the fourth proportional be x.

Formula Used:

In a proportion a : b :: c : x, the Product of Extremes = Product of Means.

Calculations:

⇒ s³ ÷ s²t = st² ÷ x

⇒ s³ × x = s²t × st²

⇒ s³ × x = s⁽²⁺¹⁾ × t⁽¹⁺²⁾

⇒ s³ × x = s³t³

⇒ x = (s³t³) ÷ s³

⇒ x = t³

∴ The correct answer is t³.

Additional Information

Mean Proportional

The mean proportional between two numbers a and b is √(a × b).

Third Proportional

If a, b, and c are in continued proportion (a:b :: b:c), then the third proportional c = b² ÷ a.

Continued Proportion

Three quantities a, b, c are said to be in continued proportion if a ÷ b = b ÷ c.

Basic Proportion Property

For any four numbers a, b, c, d in proportion (a:b :: c:d), the product of the means (b × c) is always equal to the product of the extremes (a × d).

Given:

Suman and Arun together can finish a piece of work in 96 days.

Arun and Rahul in 48 days.

Rahul and Suman in 80 days.

Concept Used:

Total work = Time × Efficiency

Calculation:

Total work = LCM(96, 48 , 80) = 480

Efficiency of Suman and Arun together = 480/96 = 5

Efficiency of Arun and Rahul = 480/48 = 10

Efficiency of Rahul and Suman = 480/80 = 6

Efficiency of Suman, Arun and Suman together = (5 + 10 + 6)/2 = 21/2

Total work completed by all three of them together = 480/(21/2)

⇒ (160 × 2)/7 = 45.7 or approx 46 days

Therefore, Rahul, Suman, and Arun jointly can finish the same work in approximately 46 days.

Shortcut Trick

Let Marked Price (MP) be 100.

Regular discount = 12%. Successive festive discount = 10%.

Net discount = 12 + 10 − (12 × 10 ÷ 100) = 20.8%. Selling Price (SP₁) = 79.2.

Since profit is 5%, Cost Price (CP) = 79.2 ÷ 1.05 = 75.428.

New successive discount = 4%. Net discount = 12 + 4 − (12 × 4 ÷ 100) = 15.52%.

New SP₂ = 84.48. Profit = 84.48 − 75.428 = 9.052. Profit% = (9.052 ÷ 75.428) × 100 = 12%.

∴ The correct answer is 12 %.

Alternate Method

Given: Regular Discount = 12%, Festive Discount = 10%, Festive Profit = 5%, New Successive Discount = 4%.

Formulas: SP = MP × (100 − D₁)% × (100 − D₂)% | CP = SP ÷ (1 + P%) | Profit% = (SP − CP) ÷ CP × 100

⇒ Let Marked Price (MP) = 1000 units.

⇒ Festive SP = 1000 × (88 ÷ 100) × (90 ÷ 100) = 792 units.

⇒ Cost Price (CP) = 792 ÷ (105 ÷ 100) = 792 ÷ 1.05 = 754.28 units.

⇒ New SP with 4% successive discount = 1000 × (88 ÷ 100) × (96 ÷ 100) = 844.8 units.

⇒ Profit = 844.8 − 754.28 = 90.52 units.

⇒ Profit% = (90.52 ÷ 754.28) × 100 = 12%.

∴ The correct answer is 12 %.

Additional Information

Successive Discounts

When two discounts a% and b% are given successively, the effective discount is (a + b − ab/100)%.

Relationship between CP and MP

CP ÷ MP = (100 − Discount%) ÷ (100 + Profit%). This ratio is helpful for single discount scenarios.

Shortcut Trick

Total weight increase = Total persons × Average increase

Total increase = 10 × 7.9 = 79 kg

New person's weight = Replaced person's weight + Total increase

New person's weight = 20 + 79 = 99 kg

∴ The correct answer is 99 kg.

Alternate Method

Given:

Number of persons = 10

Weight of replaced person = 20 kg

Increase in average weight = 7.9 kg

Formula Used:

Weight of new person = Weight of replaced person + (Total members × Increase in average)

Calculations:

⇒ Total weight increase of the group = 10 × 7.9

⇒ Total increase = 79 kg

⇒ Weight of the new person = 20 + 79

⇒ Weight of the new person = 99 kg

∴ The correct answer is 99 kg.

Additional Information

Replacement in Averages

When a new item replaces an old item, causing the average to increase, the value of the new item is calculated as: New Value = Old Value + (Total Items × Increase in Average).

Decrease in Average on Replacement

If the replacement causes the average to drop, it means the new item is smaller. The formula is: New Value = Old Value − (Total Items × Decrease in Average).

Addition of a New Member

When a completely new member joins the group (without replacing anyone) and changes the average: New Member's Value = Old Average + (New Total Members × Change in Average).

Shortcut Trick

When the upstream time is n times the downstream time, the ratio of the boat speed (v) to the stream speed (u) is (n + 1) : (n − 1).

Given boat speed v = 8 km/h and n = 3.

⇒ 8 : u = (3 + 1) : (3 − 1)

⇒ 8 : u = 4 : 2 = 2 : 1

⇒ u = 8 ÷ 2 = 4 km/h

∴ The correct answer is 4 km/h.

Alternate Method

Given:

Speed of boat in still water (v) = 8 km/h

Let the speed of the stream be u km/h.

Let the time taken to row downstream be t hours.

Then, the time taken to row upstream is 3t hours.

Formula Used:

Distance = Speed × Time

Downstream speed = v + u

Upstream speed = v − u

Calculations:

⇒ Downstream speed = (8 + u) km/h

⇒ Upstream speed = (8 − u) km/h

⇒ The distance traveled downstream is equal to the distance traveled upstream.

⇒ (8 + u) × t = (8 − u) × 3t

⇒ 8 + u = 3 × (8 − u)

⇒ 8 + u = 24 − 3u

⇒ u + 3u = 24 − 8

⇒ 4u = 16

⇒ u = 4 km/h

∴ The correct answer is 4 km/h.

Additional Information

Downstream & Upstream Speed

Downstream speed (D) = v + u | Upstream speed (U) = v − u

Boat & Stream Speed Calculations

Speed of boat in still water (v) = (D + U) ÷ 2 | Speed of stream (u) = (D − U) ÷ 2

Average Speed for Round Trip

The average speed for a boat to travel a certain distance downstream and return back is given by (v² − u²) ÷ v.

Shortcut Trick

For any two given terms a and b, the third proportional z can be directly calculated using the relation z = b² / a.

Substitute the given values a = 5x² and b = 3xy into the formula.

Third proportional z = (3xy)² ÷ 5x²

z = 9x²y² ÷ 5x² = 9y²/5

∴ The correct answer is 9y²/5.

Alternate Method

Given:

First term = 5x²

Second term = 3xy

Third Proportional Concept: a : b = b : z

5x² a

:

3xy b

::

3xy b

:

z z

Ratio = 3xy / 5x² Ratio = z / 3xy

Equal Ratios → z = (3xy)² / 5x²

Formula Used:

If three terms a, b, and z are in continuous proportion, their relationship is established as a : b :: b : z.

This can be expanded as: a / b = b / z

Calculations:

Let the third proportional be z.

⇒ 5x² / 3xy = 3xy / z

⇒ z × 5x² = 3xy × 3xy

⇒ z = 9x²y² / 5x²

Canceling x² from both numerator and denominator:

⇒ z = 9y² / 5

∴ The correct answer is 9y²/5.

Additional Information

Mean Proportional

The mean proportional between two numbers a and b is calculated directly using the formula √(ab).

Fourth Proportional

If four separate numbers a, b, c, and d are in proportion, then a : b = c : d. The fourth proportional d is calculated as d = (b × c) / a.

Continued Proportion

Three distinct numbers a, b, and c are in a state of continued proportion if a/b = b/c, where b acts as the mean proportional and c acts as the third proportional.

Invertendo Rule

According to ratio properties, if a : b = c : d, then applying the invertendo rule gives b : a = d : c.

Given:

The compound interest, compounded annually, for the second year at 20% per annum is Rs.1,300.

Calculation:

Since the compound interest obtained for 2^nd year is Rs. 1300

That means it is the simple interest on the principal of 2^nd year which is (Main principal + Interest of 1^st year)

⇒ 1300 = [Principal of 2^nd year] × 20/100

⇒ [Principal of 2^nd year] = 6500

We know that,

[Principal of 2^nd year] = Main principal + Interest of 1^st year

Suppose the main principal is P

⇒ P + [P × 20 × 1] /100 = 6500

⇒ 1.2P = 6500

⇒ P = 5416

∴ Principal amount = Rs. 5416

Given

Circular track length: 3.6 km

Speed of the first car: 72 kmph

Speed of the second car: 90 kmph

Concept Used:

Time = Distance / Speed

Solution:

The time it takes for two objects moving at different speeds to meet again on a circular track is equal to the time it takes for the faster object to lap the slower one.

The relative speed of the cars is 90 kmph - 72 kmph = 18 kmph.

The time it takes for the faster car to lap the slower car is 3.6 km / 18 kmph = 0.2 hours = 12 minutes.

Therefore, the cars will meet again at 12:12 PM.

Given

The selling price of oil: ₹200 per litre

Purchase price: ₹160 per litre

Quantity of oil given: 800 ml

Concept Used:

Profit percentage = (Selling price - Cost price) / Cost price ×  100

Solution

Here, the shopkeeper claims to sell the oil at ₹200 per litre, but in reality, he is only providing 800 ml of oil.

Therefore, his effective selling price is actually ₹250 per litre (since ₹200 for 800 ml implies ₹250 for 1000 ml or 1 litre).

So, the profit per litre of oil sold is ₹250 - ₹160 = ₹90.

Therefore, the profit percentage is (₹90 / ₹160) × 100 = 56.25%.

The correct answer is 'Option 2'

Key Points

• 'Hand in glove' is an idiom that means in close cooperation or in an intimate relationship.
• Example: The marketing and sales teams worked hand in glove to increase the profits of the company.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option 2: 'To be in close association'.

Additional Information

• 'To have a liking for each other' (Option 1) is usually used to indicate affection or friendship between two individuals.
• 'In keeping with' (Option 3) means in accordance with something.
• 'To progress at equal rate' (Option 4) indicates moving forward or advancing at a similar pace.

The correct answer is 'Option 4'

Key Points

• 'Adjudicate' is the correctly spelled word. It means to make a formal judgment or decision about a problem or a disputed matter.
• Example: The council will adjudicate on the planning application at its next meeting.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option 4: 'Adjudicate'.

Additional Information

• 'Addjudicate' (Option 1), 'Adjjudicate' (Option 2), and 'Adjudiccate' (Option 3) are mis-spelled and do not exist in English.

The correct answer is 'Option 1'.

Key Points 

• 'Timid' describes someone who is shy and lacking in self-confidence.
• Example: He was always timid and dreaded public speaking.
• 'Fearful' is a synonym of 'timid' and refers to someone who is frightened or afraid.
• Example: He was fearful of the dark.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option 1: 'Fearful'.

Additional Information 

• 'Bold' (Option 2) refers to someone who is strong, confident, and courageous and is hence an antonym of 'timid'.
• 'Adventurous' (Option 3) describes a person who is willing to take risks or to try out new methods, ideas, or experiences.
• 'Forthcoming' (Option 4) It can mean 'about to happen or appear soon.'

The correct answer is 'Option 4'

Key Points

• 'Disdain' refers to the feeling of strong dislike or disapproval for something or someone you consider unworthy of your notice or respect.
• Example: He looked at the untidy room with disdain.
• 'Respect' is the opposite of 'disdain'. It denotes a feeling of deep admiration for someone elicited by their abilities, qualities, or achievements.
• Example: Students should have respect for their teachers.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option 4: 'Respect'.

Additional Information

• 'Antipathy' (Option 1) means a deep-seated feeling of dislike or aversion, which is similar to disdain.
• 'Scorn' (Option 2) and 'Dislike' (Option 3), also similar in meaning to disdain, indicate less intense negative feelings.

The correct answer is 'Option 4'.

Key Points

• 'Declining' refers to the act of becoming less in quantity, importance, quality, or strength.
• Example: The declining health of the old man made everyone worried.
• 'Decreasing' is a synonym for 'declining', implying something becoming less in size, amount, or degree.
• Example: The decreasing population of certain species is an environmental concern.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option 4: 'Decreasing'.

Additional Information

• 'Extending' (Option 1) refers to increasing in size, volume, quantity, or scope or making something longer.
• 'Exalting' (Option 2) refers to thinking or speaking very highly of, glorifying, or praising.
• 'Increasing' (Option 3) is the antonym of 'declining' and refers to something becoming larger or greater in size, amount, intensity, or degree.

The correct answer is 'Option 1'

Key Points

• The error in this sentence lies in the segment "he was old now".
• The verb 'was' is in the wrong tense considering the rest of the sentence.
• As the first part of the sentence "The blind man can perform” is in present tense, the verb 'was' should be replaced with 'is' to maintain the present tense throughout the sentence.
• Therefore, the corrected sentence should read: "The blind man can perform wonderfully well even though he is old now."

Therefore, the correct answer is - Option 1

Additional Information

• Options 2, 3 and 4 ("wonderfully well even though", "The blind man can perform", and "wonderfully well even though") have no error in them as these parts are grammatically correct.

The correct answer is 'Option 2'

Key Points

• 'Bounce something off someone' is an idiom that signifies discussing ideas or plans with someone to get their feedback or opinion.
• Example: Before we commit to this plan, let's bounce it off the rest of the team.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option 2: 'Discuss ideas with someone to get their views'.

Additional Information

• 'Distribute materials to the poor and needy' (Option 1) is a philanthropic act; it's not related to the given idiom.
• 'Select members for something without their consent' (Option 3) refers to a non-consensual decision but doesn't match the meaning of the idiom.
• 'Throw stones at others without any reason' (Option 4) is a literal action and isn't an idiomatic expression like 'bounce something off someone'.

The correct answer is 'Option 1'

Key Points

• The phrase "which happened besides the recording" is incorrect because "besides" implies "in addition to" which doesn't make sense in this context.
• The correct preposition should be "during", indicating that the power failure happened while the recording was going on.
• Therefore, the correct sentence should read: "An unexpected power failure which happened during the recording disheartened all of them."

Therefore, the correct answer is - Option 1

Additional Information

• Options 2, 3, and 4 ("happened until the recording", "happened among the recording", and "happen between the recording") incorrectly use prepositions that do not fit the circumstances described in the sentence.

The correct answer is 'Option 1'

Key Points

• 'Valiant' describes someone who shows courage or determination.
• Example: The valiant soldiers fought bravely in the war.
• 'Cowardly' refers to someone lacking courage, making it an antonym of 'valiant'.
• Example: The cowardly thief ran away when he saw the security guard.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option 1: 'Cowardly'.

Additional Information

• 'Similar' (Option 2) refers to the likeness or resemblance of two or more entities.
• 'Heroic' (Option 3) refers to behaving or doing something as a hero would, which aligns with 'valiant'.
• 'Dull' (Option 4) refers to lacking interest or excitement, which doesn't really pertain to the context of 'valiant'.

The correct answer is 'Valour'.

Key Points 

• 'Courage' is the ability to do something that frightens oneself; it's about bravery.
• Example: Firefighters showed great courage when they entered the burning building.
• 'Valour' is a synonym for 'courage' and refers to great bravery, especially in battle or war.
• Example: The soldiers were awarded medals for their valour in the operation.

​Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 2'.

Additional Information 

• 'Anchor' in most senses, refers to a device used to secure firmly to the sea floor, a source of stability or security, or to secure something in place.
• 'Candour' refers to the quality of being open and honest.
• 'Timidity' is the state of being shy or lacking in confidence, which is the opposite of bravery or courage.

The correct answer is 'Option 3'

Key Points

• In the context of this sentence, the doctor would need to give an antidote to counteract the snake venom.
• Hence, "antidote" is the most appropriate word.
• Therefore, the correct sentence should read: "He fell unconscious due to a snake bite, so the doctor quickly gave him the antidote."

Therefore, the correct answer is - Option 3

Additional Information

• Options 1, 2 and 4 ("the antibiotic", "the antigen", and "the antiquary") are inappropriate.
• An "antibiotic" is used to fight bacterial infections, an "antigen" is a substance that promotes the production of antibodies, and an "antiquary" is a person who collects or studies ancient artifacts, none of which are helpful in a situation involving a snakebite.

The correct answer is 'Option 2'

Key Points

• 'Lugage' in the given sentence is incorrectly spelled.
• The correct spelling is 'Luggage'.
• Example: He packed his luggage for the trip.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option 2: 'Luggage'.

Additional Information

• 'Laggage' (Option 1), 'Lugaze' (Option 3), and 'Lagage' (Option 4) are all misspelled and do not exist in the English language.

The correct answer is 'Option 4'

Key Points

• The blank spaces need to be filled with homonyms that are contextually meaningful in the sentence.
• In the first blank, "addressed" fits in as it means the Prime Minister spoke to the nation.
• In the second blank, "address" fits in.
• In this context, "address" means the location or way to reach or communicate with the traitors.
• Therefore, the correct sentence should read: "The Prime Minister addressed the nation asking for the address of the traitors."

Therefore, the correct answer is - Option 4

Additional Information

• Options 1, 2, and 3 ("meant, mean", "address, addressed", "mean, meant") are incorrect as they do not fit the sentence both grammatically and contextually.

The correct answer is 'Option 3'

Key Points

• The word "right" is the most suitable to complete the sentence.
• It indicates that someone or something is correct or suitable in a particular situation.
• Here, saying "he is the right person for this job" means that he is ideally suited or perfectly fits the requirements of the job.

Therefore, the correct answer is - Option 3

Additional Information

• Options 1, 2, and 4 ("write", "rite", "wright") are homonyms of 'right', but none of them correctly fit the context.
• "Write" pertains to the act of writing, "rite" refers to a religious or other ceremonial act, and "wright" is a worker who constructs something, typically a carpenter or shipbuilder.

The correct answer is 'Option 3'

Key Points

• The phrase "(country pay little attention)" is incorrect because 'country', a singular noun, doesn't agree with the plural verb 'pay'.
• The plural noun 'countries' should replace 'country' in this context because of the plural verb 'pay'.
• This sentence implies that people across multiple temperate countries pay little attention to the mangroves.
• The sentence should be "People in temperate countries pay little attention to mangroves."

Therefore, the correct answer is - Option 3

Additional Information 

• Options 1, 2, and 4 ("country pays little attention", "countries pays little attention", "country paid little attention") are incorrect. They don't use the correct plural form 'countries' to match with the plural verb 'pay' or misuse the past tense 'paid'.

The correct answer is - 'Ornamented'

Key Points

• The term 'ornamented' in the context of the sentence refers to the detailed designs or decorations that were used to enhance the exterior of religious monuments for many centuries.
• Stone sculptures and reliefs are forms of ornamentation used to beautify and detail structures, especially in the historical and artistic context mentioned in the passage.
• Given the context of the passage, which discusses the arts (sculpture and relief) in relation to religious monuments, 'ornamented' is the most appropriate word to fill in the blank.
• The usage of the word 'ornamented' suggests the artistic effort and skill involved in the creation of these sculptures and reliefs, fitting with the aesthetical and cultural significance of these monuments.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Ornamented'.

Additional Information

• Monitored: To monitor means to observe and check something over a period of time. This word does not fit in the context of the passage, which speaks of the use of sculptures and reliefs on monuments, not their oversight or management.
• Overshadowed: 'Overshadowed' implies that something is less noticeable or important compared to something else. In this context, it would suggest that the sculptures and reliefs were less important than the monuments themselves, which contradicts the information given in the rest of the text.
• Ruined: This word suggests that something has been destroyed or severely damaged, which also doesn't fit with the context, as the passage discusses the use and significance of sculptures and reliefs in enhancing monuments, not damaging them.

The correct answer is - 'Temples'

Key Points

• The passage speaks about sculptures in a religious context, the monuments of which are beautified by the same, which supports the word ‘temples’ as the appropriate fit.
• The kings and queens of the Chola dynasty were patrons of great Hindu establishments, like temples, which were decorated with marvelous bronze sculptures.
• In a religious context like the one presented in the passage, 'temples' is the best fit as it directly relates to the many forms of art and devotion described.
• Temples are associated with worship and reverence, where sculptures of deities might be found, which aligns with the later description of bronze sculptures being worshipped in the temple context.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Temples'.

Additional Information

• Regulations: This word would suggest rules or directives, which is not the context provided by this passage.
• Saints: Saints are typically individuals associated with significant religious virtues or miracles, and although they can be patrons of religious institutions, it doesn't fit with the context of external ornamentation and worship of gods through sculptures.
• States: States refers typically to a politically defined territory. While states can have important religious monuments, it would not be fitting in a close context that implies worship and reverence, like the one described in the passage.

The correct answer is - 'Processions'

Key Points

• 'Processions' is the appropriate fit for the blank as it describes a group or line of people or vehicles moving forward in a formal and orderly way, which aligns with the context of the sentence where the sculptures were carried through the streets.
• Temples and religious festivals often feature processions that include sacred statues or symbols, reinforcing the appropriateness of this word.
• Processions are typically associated with celebrations and public demonstrations which is consistent with the religious festivals mentioned in the context.
• The mention of 'carried through the streets' further hints at 'processions,' because 'to be carried through the streets' is a common description of how processions function.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Processions'.

Additional Information

• Vessels: A vessel is a container for holding something, or can be a ship or large boat. Neither meaning fits well with the context of something being carried through the streets during a festival.
• Competitions: A competition is a contest between participants. It bears no relation to the context of the passage which talks about religious festivals and carrying of sculptures through the streets.
• Patterns: Patterns typically refer to repeated decorative designs or a regular and intelligible form or sequence discernible in certain actions or situations. They don't make sense in the context of being part of a religious festival where sculptures are carried through the streets.

The correct answer is - 'Occur'

Key Points

• The best word that fits the context of sentence 4 is 'occur', as it correctly alludes to the ongoing presence and happening of these great temple festivals in India.
• 'Occur' is a neutral term that suggests the festivals are still taking place, or happening, which aligns perfectly with the context.
• This word is typically used to denote the happening of an event, fitting well with the situation being described - the holding of temple festivals.
• The use of 'still' before the blank prompts for a verb that describes an ongoing action or event - 'occur' is the most suitable answer in this respect.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Occur'.

Additional Information

• Accede: This term generally means to agree to a demand, proposal or request, or to take office. In this context, 'accede' does not make sense as the festivals are events that take place, not requests or proposals.
• Herald: The term 'herald' ideally signifies to announce or signal that something is approaching. While the festivals can be said to signal religious devotion, 'herald' would not mean that the festivals themselves are currently taking place.
• Inspire: To inspire means to excite, encourage, or stimulate into action. While the festivals may indeed inspire devotion, the word 'inspire' would not indicate the occurrence of the festivals themselves.

The correct answer is - 'Central'

Key Points

• 'Central' is the most suited word for this context, signifying that the ideas were integral or crucial to the ‘Bhakti’ movement, a personal and emotional experience of divinity.
• The Bhakti movement represented a shift towards more personal forms of spiritual devotion. Meaning that the idea of a more intimate, emotional relationship with the gods would have been a 'central' aspect of this movement.
• 'Central' implies importance and relevance, both of which are required in this context, given the significant role that these beliefs played in the Bhakti movement.
• The rest of the paragraph speaks about a personalized connection to deities, which makes the idea 'central' to the Bhakti movement.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Central'.

Additional Information

• Analogous: This means similar or comparable in some way, but does not carry the connotation of importance or key role in a context or movement, which is needed in this instance.
• Foreign: Typically this term implies unfamiliar or not native, which contradicts the logic of the passage as it discusses how the emotionally attached nature of the belief system was the driving force of the Bhakti movement.
• Contrary: Something contrary is opposite in nature, direction, or meaning. It suggests a conflict with or contradiction of the Bhakti movement, which does not fit with the context provided.

''सीता खाना बनाती है।'' यह वाक्‍य अकर्मक क्रिया का नहीं है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points 

• सीता खाना बनाती है।
• यह सकर्मक क्रिया का उदाहरण है।
• अन्य सभी विकल्प अकर्मक क्रिया के उदाहरण हैं।
• जिन शब्दों में किसी कार्य का करना या होना था, किसी घटना में घटित होने का संज्ञान होता है, उसे क्रिया कहते हैं।
• क्रिया के दो भेद माने गए हैं - अकर्मक और सकर्मक।

Additional Information 

'ऐसे स्थान का वास जहाँ कोई पता न पा सके' अज्ञातवास कहलाता है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points 

• अज्ञातवास - 'ऐसे स्थान का वास जहाँ कोई पता न पा सके'।

अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प- 

Important Points 

Additional Information

"उसका घोड़ा सुन्दर है।" इस वाक्‍य में विशेषण का उच‍ित प्रयोग क‍िया गया है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points 

• विशेषण युक्‍त वाक्‍य- उसका घोड़ा सुन्दर है।
• इस वाक्‍य में उसका घोड़ा शब्‍द की व‍िशेषता बताई जा रही है। क‍ि वह सुन्दर है।
• विशेषण- संज्ञा या सर्वनाम शब्दों की विशेषता बताने वाले शब्दों को विशेषण कहते हैं।
• जैसे- बड़ा, काला, लंबा, दयालु, भारी, सुन्दर, कायर आद‍ि।

Additional Information विशेषण के चार भेद होते हैं।

वाक्य में उपकरण के एकार्थी शब्‍द उपादानों का प्रयोग होगा। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं।  

Key Points 

• वाक्य- आप सारे उपादानों को एकत्रित कीजिए।
• वाक्य में रेखांकित उपादानों एकार्थी शब्द का प्रयोग होगा।
• उपकरण का अर्थ- साधन, उपादान, सामग्री।

Additional Information  कुछ प्रमुख युग्म शब्द व उनके अर्थ:-

कान भरना मुहावरे का सही अर्थ "बुराई करना" है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points 

Important Points कुछ अन्‍य महत्‍वपूर्ण मुहावरे- 

Additional Information 

'जिसका एक-एक शब्द मिलता हो' वाक्‍यांश के ल‍िए एक शब्‍द- "शब्दश:" है। 

Key Points 

• शब्दश: - 'जिसका एक-एक शब्द मिलता हो'।

अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प- 

Important Points

वाक्य में प्रयुक्त शब्द जंगल का उचित पर्यायवाची "अयस" नहीं है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points 

• वाक्‍य- 'जंगल का राजा शेर होता है।'
• इस वाक्‍य में रेखांक‍ित शब्‍द जंगल का पर्यायवाची अयस नहीं है।
• विपिन, कानन और कांतार ये सभी जंगल के पर्यायवाची शब्‍द हैं।
• जंगल के अन्‍य पर्यायवाची शब्‍द- वन, अख्य, कानन, गहन, अरण्य, झाड़ी आद‍ि।
• अयस के पर्यायवाची शब्‍द- लौह, लोहा, सार।

Additional Information 

वाक्य में रेखांकित शब्द लक्ष्य का उचित पर्यायवाची "भवन" नहीं है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points 

• वाक्‍य- मेरे जीवन का यही एकमात्र 'लक्ष्य' है।
• इस वाक्‍य में रेखांक‍ित शब्‍द लक्ष्य का पर्यायवाची भवन नहीं है।
• उद्देश, मंजिल और निशाना ये सभी लक्ष्य के पर्यायवाची शब्‍द हैं।
• लक्ष्य के अन्‍य पर्यायवाची शब्‍द- ध्येय, अभिप्राय, मकसद, उद्देश्य, मंजिल, निशाना आद‍ि।
• भवन के पर्यायवाची शब्‍द- घर, निकेतन, आलय,निवास, गेह, सदन आद‍ि।

Additional Information