SSC GD Constable (2022) Official Paper (Held On : 13 Jan 2023 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)

The pattern followed here is:

STATEMENTS

A. All pencils are sticks

B. Some sticks are notes

C. All diaries are notes

CONCLUSIONS:

1. Some notes are diaries -  Follow - As all diaries are notes. So some notes are diaries is definitely followed.
2. Some sticks are pencils - Follow - As all pencils are sticks. So, Some sticks are pencils is definitely followed.
3. Some diaries are sticks - Does not follow - As some sticks are notes and all diaries are notes. But there is no direct relation between sticks and diaries, So it is not followed.

Hence, the correct answer is "Both Conclusion  I and II follow.

The pattern followed here is.

Given: 120, 121, 128, 141, 160, ?

Hence, the correct answer is "185".

The pattern followed here is:

Given: 

‘A + B’ means ‘A is the brother of B’

‘A - B’ means ‘A is the mother of B’

‘A × B’ means ‘A is the husband of B’

‘A ÷ B’ means ‘A is the sister of B’

 P ÷ Q - R + S - T × U, 

Let's check each option one by one.

1. R is T's mother's brother - Yes R is T's mother's brother.

2. P is the mother-in-low of U  - No, P is grand mother-in-law of U.

3. Q is the mother of S -  Yes, Q is the mother of S.

4. P is R's mother's sister - Yes, P is R's mother's sister.

Hence, the correct answer is "P is the mother-in-low of U".

The pattern followed here is:

Hence, the correct answer is 'Option 3'.

The correct mirror image of the given combination when mirror is placed at PQ is as shown below:

Hence, the correct answer is "

".

The logic followed here is:

Given: FWCD, HQEF, JKGH, ?, NYKL

Hence, the correct answer is "NYKL"

The pattern followed here is:

Let's solve with the help of BODMAS Rule:

Let's check each option one by one.

1) ÷, +, -, ×, =

After putting the sign we get the;

= 176 ÷ 4 + 9 - 3 × 13 = 14

= 44 + 9 - 3 × 13 = 14

= 44 + 9 - 39 = 14

= 53 - 39 = 14

= 14 = 14

= LHS = RHS

2) -, ×, +, ÷, =

After putting the sign we get the;

= 176 - 4 × 9 + 3 ÷ 13 = 14

= 176 - 4 × 9 + 0.230 = 14

= 176 - 36 + 0.230 = 14

= 176.23 - 36 = 14

= 140.23 ≠ 14

= LHS ≠ RHS

3) +, -, ÷, ×, =

After putting the sign we get the;

= 176 + 4 - 9 ÷ 3 × 13 = 14

= 176 + 4 - 3 × 13 = 14

= 176 + 4 - 39 = 14

= 180 - 39 = 14

= 141 ≠ 14

= LHS ≠ RHS

4) ×, +, ÷, -, =

After putting the sign we get the;

= 176 × 4 + 9 ÷ 3 - 13 = 14 

= 176 × 4 + 3 - 13 = 14

= 704 + 3 - 13 = 14

= 707 - 13 = 14

= 694 ≠ 14

= LHS ≠ RHS

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The pattern followed here is :

Logic: Addition of +2, +4, and +6 in the first, second, and third letters.

1. PJE : RNK

And, 

2. DHN : FLT

Similarly,

3)  AMS : ? 

Hence, the correct answer is 'CQY'

The pattern followed here is. 

Let's check each option one by one.

1) ÷ and ×

Given: 25 + 8 ÷ 40 - 20 × 25 = 10 

After interchanging the sign we get the;

= 25 + 8 × 40 - 20 ÷ 25 = 10 

= 25 + 8 × 40 - 0.8 = 10

= 25 + 320 - 0.8 = 10

= 345 - 0.8 = 10

= 344.2 ≠ 10

= LHS ≠ RHS

2) + and ÷

Given: 25 + 8 ÷ 40 - 20 × 25 = 10 

After interchanging the sign we get the;

= 25 ÷ 8 + 40 - 20 × 25 = 10 

= 3.125 + 40 - 20 × 25 = 10

= 3.125 + 40 - 500 = 10

= 43.125 - 500 = 10

= -456.876 ≠ 10

= LHS ≠ RHS

3) + and ×

Given: 25 + 8 ÷ 40 - 20 × 25 = 10 

After interchanging the sign we get the;

= 25 × 8 ÷ 40 - 20 + 25 = 10 

= 25 × 0.2 - 20 + 25 = 10

= 5 - 20 + 25 = 10

= 30 - 20 = 10

= 10 = 10

= LHS = RHS

4) - and +

Given: 25 + 8 ÷ 40 - 20 × 25 = 10 

After interchanging the sign we get the;

= 25 - 8 ÷ 40 + 20 × 25 = 10 

= 25 - 0.2 + 20 × 25 = 10

= 25 - 0.2 + 500 = 10

= 525 - 0.2 = 10

= 524.8 ≠ 10

= LHS ≠ RHS

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The pattern followed here is.

Given: Six students are sitting around a circular table facing the centre. 

1. James is sitting second to the right of Peter.

2. Charles is sitting second to the left of Peter.

3. Sam is sitting third to the right of James.

4. Tom is sitting second to  the right of Sam

5). Ashely is an immediate neighbor of Charles and James.

Clearly, James is sitting between Ashley and Tom.

Hence, the correct answer is " James".

The correct pattern followed here is:

Given: 29, 65, 95, 119, ?, 149, 155

Hence, the correct answer is "137".

As per dictionary, the given words can be arranged as :

3 ingrained

4 initiate

1 instant

5 intimate

2 invite

Hence, the correct order will be 3, 4, 1, 5, 2.

The pattern followed here is:

1. Given figure series is rotated 90° clock wise direction.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The position of the English alphabet series is given below

Logic: Step 1: Addition +2 in consonants.

Step 2: Subtraction -2 in vowel.

1. 'BRAND' is written as 'DTYPF'

And,

2. 'TOWER' is written as 'VMYCT'.

Similarly,

3. 'STUDY' is written as '?'

Hence, the correct answer is  "UVSFA".

The pattern followed here is:

Taking dice position 1 as common

Moving clockwise from the Common number 1,

Pairs of opposite numbers.

1 - 5

6 - 2

3 - 4

So, the opposite number of 1 is 5.

Hence, the correct answer is "5".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: (1st number + 3rd number) × 7 = 2nd number

Now,

For, (14, 231, 19)

⇒ (14 + 19) × 7 = 33 × 7 = 231

For, (7, 154, 15)

⇒  (7 + 15) × 7 = 22 × 7 = 154

Similarly for, (13, 210, 17) 

⇒  (13 + 17) × 7 = 30 × 7 = 210

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The Pattern followed here is :

Given: BMYU, YJVR, ?, SDPL, PAMI 

Hence, the correct answer is 'VGSO'.

The pattern followed here is:

1. 'TERMINATOR' is written as 'ROTANTERMI'

2) ‘SUPERMAN’ is written as ‘NAMRSUPE’

3)  ‘AVENGERS’ IS written as "?"

Hence, the correct answer is 'SREGAVEN'.

The pattern followed here is: 

Given: Five friends (A, B, C, E and F) are sitting around a circular table facing the centre.

1) F is sitting to the immediate right of C. 

2)  A is sitting to the immediate left of C.

3) E is sitting to the immediate right of F. 

4. B sits in the vacant place.

Clearly, A is sitting immediate right of B.

Hence, the correct answer is "A".

The relationship in "Three : Triangle" is that the word "three" describes the number of sides in a "triangle."

Simmilarly, we're looking for a shape that has four sides.

The correct word would be "Rectangle," which is a shape with four sides.

So, the relationship Three : Triangle :: Four : Rectangle holds.

The correct answer is 3) Rectangle.

The correct answer is Empty Calories. 

Key Points

• Empty Calories:
• "Empty calories" refers to foods that are high in energy (calories), but low in nutritional value.
• Fast food often contains high levels of fat and sugar, which contribute to their high caloric content.
• However, these foods typically provide very few essential nutrients, such as vitamins, minerals, or fiber
• This is why they're referred to as "empty" – the calories you get from them don't bring along much beneficial nutrition.

Additional Information

• Iron:
• Iron is a mineral that is crucial for our bodies.
• It helps to transport oxygen throughout the body.
• Some fast foods may contain iron, particularly those that include red meat or certain types of seafood.
• Nutrients:
• Nutrients are substances needed for growth, metabolism, and for other body functions.
• They include vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. While fast food does contain some nutrients (like the aforementioned fats, and some proteins and carbs), it's often not high in the kind of nutrients that support good health (like fiber, vitamins, and minerals).
• Calcium:
• Calcium is a mineral that is essential for bone health.
• It's also important for heart, muscle, and nerve function. Some fast foods may contain calcium, particularly those that include dairy products like cheese or milkshakes.

The correct answer is CnH2n.

Key Points

• CnH2n :
• This is the correct formula for alkenes.
• Alkenes have at least one carbon-carbon double bond in their structure.
• The double bond reduces the number of hydrogen atoms that can be attached to the carbon atoms, leading to this formula.
• An example is ethene (also known as ethylene), which has two carbon atoms and four hydrogen atoms, following the CnH2n formula.

Additional Information

• Alkenes are used extensively in both industry and academia due to their reactivity and availability.
• Here are a few uses of alkenes:
• Production of Polymers:
• Alkenes are used to make polymers.
• A well-known example is the polymerization of ethene (ethylene) to form polyethene (polyethylene), a common plastic used in bags, bottles, and a wide variety of other products.
• Production of Other Chemicals:
• Many chemicals are produced using alkenes.
• For instance, via hydration, ethene can be converted to ethanol.
• Propene can be converted to acetone, isopropyl alcohol, and other chemicals.
• Production of Detergents:
• Alkenes are used in the production of detergents.
• The process involves the addition of sulfuric acid to form alkylbenzenesulfonic acids, which are then neutralized to form alkylbenzenesulfonates, a key component of many detergents.
• In the Pharmaceutical Industry:
• Alkenes are used as starting materials in the synthesis of a wide variety of pharmaceuticals.
• The double bond in alkenes can be converted into a wide variety of other functional groups, making them versatile precursors in organic synthesis.
• Fuel: Some alkenes are used in the production of high-octane fuels.

The correct answer is Maximum investment allowed on the assets of a unit.

Key Points

• In India, small-scale industries, or Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), are defined by how much money is invested in the business's equipment or machinery.
• This is the main way they are classified.
• Other factors like the number of directors, partners, or employees are not used to define these businesses.
• Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are a **crucial part of the economic fabric of many countries, including India. **​

Additional Information

• Classification: The categories are as follows:
• Micro: For the manufacturing sector, investment in plant and machinery should not exceed INR 1 crore, and annual turnover should not exceed INR 5 crores.
• Small: For the manufacturing sector, investment in plant and machinery should be more than INR 1 crore but not exceed INR 10 crores, and annual turnover should not exceed INR 50 crores.
• Medium: For the manufacturing sector, investment in plant and machinery should be more than INR 10 crores but not exceed INR 50 crores, and annual turnover should not exceed INR 250 crores.

The correct answer is Kharchi Puja. 

Key Points

• Kharchi Puja: 
• Kharchi Puja is a major Hindu festival celebrated in Tripura, India, in the month of July.
• It is dedicated to the worship of fourteen gods, collectively known as the Chaturdasha Devta.
• The week-long festival involves ritual bathing of the gods, followed by offerings and prayer.

Additional Information 

• Bonalu:
• Bonalu is a Hindu festival of the Telangana region in India.
• It is dedicated to Goddess Mahakali and is celebrated in the month of Ashada (July-August).
• During the festival, women carry decorated pots on their heads and make offerings at the temple.
• Losar:
• Losar is the Tibetan New Year festival, usually celebrated in January or February, depending on the lunar calendar.
• It's a significant holiday in Tibetan Buddhism and includes various rituals, prayers, and cultural performances, and it often lasts for several days.
• Tripureshwari:
• The term refers to the Tripura Sundari temple, also known as Tripureshwari temple, one of the 51 Shakti Peethas, located in Tripura, India.
• It is dedicated to the Goddess Tripura Sundari, also known as Sati.
• While the temple is an important pilgrimage spot and site of celebration during major Hindu festivals, it is not specifically tied to a festival celebrated in July.

The correct answer is 1976. 

Key Points

• The initial 10 Fundamental Duties were added to the Constitution of India in the year 1976, during the 42nd Amendment.
• The concept of Fundamental Duties is a vital aspect of the Indian Constitution.
• These duties, listed in Part IV-A of the Constitution, are moral obligations that every citizen is expected to follow.
• They serve as a reminder that citizens not only have rights but also responsibilities towards the nation.

Additional Information

• Here are the original 10 Fundamental Duties as included in the 42nd Amendment in 1976:
• To respect the Constitution, National Flag, and National Anthem.
• To cherish and follow the noble ideals that inspired the national struggle for freedom.
• To protect the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India.
• To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so.
• To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India.
• To preserve the rich heritage of the country's composite culture.
• To protect and improve the natural environment.
• To develop the scientific temper, humanism, and the spirit of inquiry and reform.
• To safeguard public property and to abjure violence.
• To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity.
• Later, an 11th duty was added by the 86th Amendment in 2002, which related to the duty of every parent or guardian to ensure that their child or ward was provided opportunities for education between the ages of six and fourteen years.

The correct answer is 7th   

Key Points

• The 7th Schedule of the Constitution of India deals with the division of powers between the Union government and the States.
• It contains the Union List, State List, and Concurrent List.
• Union List:
• This includes subjects on which only the Union government can make laws.
• These subjects pertain to national matters such as defense, atomic energy, foreign affairs, war and peace, banking, railways, etc.
• There are currently 100 items on this list (originally 97).
• State List:
• This includes subjects on which only the state government can make laws.
• These subjects are of local or regional interest, such as police, agriculture, prisons, public health, etc.
• There are currently 61 items on this list (originally 66).
• Concurrent List:
• This includes subjects on which both the Union and State governments can make laws.
• These subjects might require uniformity across the country but also local flexibility, like bankruptcy and insolvency, marriage and divorce, bankruptcy and insolvency, education, etc.
• There are currently 52 items on this list (originally 47).

Additional Information

• 11th Schedule:
• This schedule deals with the powers, authority, and responsibilities of Panchayats, the rural local self-government system in India.
• It was added by the 73rd Amendment in 1992.
• 9th Schedule:
• This schedule was added by the 1st Amendment in 1951.
• It includes acts and regulations of the state legislature dealing with land reforms and the abolition of the zamindari system.
• 5th Schedule:
• This schedule deals with the administration and control of Scheduled Areas and Scheduled Tribes in states other than Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, and Mizoram.

The correct answer is South Asia.

Key Points

• South Asia:
• This region includes countries like India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, and the Maldives.
• This region is often associated with the Indian Subcontinent.
• Countries in South Asia include:
• India: The largest country in South Asia, both in terms of land area and population. India is known for its diverse cultures, religions, languages, and historical sites. It is the world's largest democracy.
• Pakistan: Located west of India, it shares a long border with India. Pakistan is primarily known for its rich Muslim culture and heritage.
• Afghanistan: Located to the northwest of Pakistan, Afghanistan has a significant historical and geopolitical importance due to its location on the Silk Road.
• Nepal: A landlocked country located in the Himalayas, Nepal is home to the world's highest peak, Mount Everest.
• Bhutan: Also located in the Himalayas, Bhutan is known for its monasteries and for its unique philosophy of Gross National Happiness.
• Bangladesh: Located on the eastern side of India, it's known for its rich Bengali culture and for being one of the world's most densely populated countries.
• Sri Lanka: An island nation to the south of India, Sri Lanka is known for its beautiful beaches, biodiversity, and a rich history of over 2000 years.
• Maldives: An archipelago in the Indian Ocean, the Maldives is known for its luxury resorts and coral reefs.
• South Asia is one of the most diverse regions in the world with a wide variety of ethnic groups, languages, religions, and traditions.
• It is densely populated and has significant issues with poverty and inequality, despite recent economic growth.

Additional Information

• North Asia: This region includes the Russian parts of Asia (Siberia) and is the largest region of Asia.
• East Asia: This region includes countries such as China, Japan, North Korea, South Korea, Mongolia, and Taiwan.
• West Asia: This region, often referred to as the Middle East, includes countries like Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Israel, Lebanon, and the United Arab Emirates, among others.

The correct answer is Nepal. 

Key Points

• The South Asian Games is a multi-sport event for South Asian countries and takes place every two years.
• The 2019 games were the 13th edition and took place from December 1st to December 10th in Kathmandu and Pokhara, Nepal.
• This was the third time that Nepal hosted the South Asian Games, with the previous times being in 1984 and 1999.

Additional Information

• The 2019 South Asian Games, officially known as the XIII South Asian Games, was a major multi-sport event that was held from 1st to 10th December 2019 in Kathmandu and Pokhara, Nepal.
• This was the third time that Nepal had hosted the biennial event, having previously done so in 1984 and 1999.
• Participants:
• Seven countries from South Asia participated in these games: India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Afghanistan, Maldives, and Bhutan, along with the host country, Nepal.
• Sports:
• A total of 26 sports were contested at the 2019 South Asian Games.
• The games included a variety of sports such as athletics, badminton, boxing, football, handball, swimming, volleyball, and wrestling, among others.
• Performance:
• India topped the medal tally, winning a total of 312 medals, which included 174 gold, 93 silver, and 45 bronze medals.
• The host country, Nepal, came second with a total of 206 medals. Sri Lanka stood third with a total of 251 medals.

The correct answer is ​electricity . 

Key Points

• The most visible form of energy, often identified with progress in modern civilization, is commonly called Electricity.
• Electricity: Electricity is the flow of electrical power or charge. It's a secondary energy source that we get from the conversion of primary sources, including coal, natural gas, oil, nuclear power, and renewable sources. Electricity is synonymous with progress as it powers almost all modern technology, from lighting and heating/cooling to powering appliances and telecommunications.

Additional Information

• Fossil Fuel:
• Fossil fuels are hydrocarbons, primarily coal, fuel oil, or natural gas, formed from the remains of dead plants and animals.
• They are used for heating, electricity generation, and to power vehicles, due to their high energy content.
• However, they are non-renewable and their use releases carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming.
• Oil:
• Oil, specifically crude oil, is a naturally occurring, unrefined petroleum product composed of hydrocarbon deposits and other organic materials.
• It's a non-renewable resource that can be refined into different types of fuels, including gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, heating oil, and many types of petrochemicals.
• Oil is also used to produce electricity.
• Coal:
• Coal is a black or brownish-black sedimentary rock that can be burned for fuel and used to generate electricity.
• It's one of the largest sources of energy in the world but is a non-renewable resource and burning coal is a leading cause of smog, acid rain, and toxic air pollution.

The correct answer is 2018. 

Key Points

• The first edition of the Khelo India School Games was held in the year 2018.
• The Khelo India School Games, now known as the Khelo India Youth Games, is a part of the Khelo India programme launched by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports, Government of India.
• The Khelo India programme was introduced to revive the sports culture in India at the grassroots level by building a strong framework for all sports played in the country and to establish India as a great sporting nation.

Additional Information

• The first edition of the Khelo India School Games was held in New Delhi, India, from January 31st to February 8th, 2018.
• Athletes from all over the country competed in 16 different sports disciplines: Archery, Athletics, Badminton, Basketball, Boxing, Football, Gymnastics, Hockey, Judo, Kabaddi, Kho-Kho, Shooting, Swimming, Volleyball, Weightlifting, and Wrestling.
• The Khelo India Youth Games aim to create a platform for young athletes to compete and showcase their talent, which could further help them to represent India at international platforms.
• The programme is designed to assess the physical abilities and basic motor skills among children and youth to identify gifted children and provide them with the necessary support, mentorship and resources to further excel in their respective sports.

The correct answer is Cooperative Societies.

Key Points

• Cooperative Banks in India are registered under the State Cooperative Societies Act.
• This act provides the regulatory framework and guidelines for cooperative banks to function.
• The operations of these banks are also governed by the Banking Regulations Act 1949 and the Reserve Bank of India.
• These banks are aimed at providing financial support and services to people in rural areas, particularly the agricultural sector.
• Cooperative banks work on the principle of cooperation and mutual help.
• They operate on a no-profit no-loss basis.

Additional Information

The correct answer is wireless networks.

Key Points

• The telecommunication industry involves the exchange of information over significant distances by electronic means.
• Wireless networks play a significant role in this industry as they allow devices to connect and communicate without the need for wires or cables.
• These networks enable mobile communications, home and business wireless networking, satellite communication, and numerous other applications.
• Wireless networks are an essential component of the telecommunications industry, along with other infrastructure such as satellites and computer networks.
• Innovations in wireless technology continue to drive growth and new developments in the telecommunications industry.

Additional Information

The correct answer is The southeast and northeast trade winds converge.

Key Points

• The Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is a belt of low pressure which circles the Earth generally near the equator.
• Here, the southeast trade winds originating from the Southern Hemisphere meet the northeast trade winds from the Northern Hemisphere.
• These trade winds converge, or come together, at the ITCZ causing the air to ascend.
• This is because when these winds meet, they have nowhere to go but up due to the surface convergence.
• The upward movement of air leads to the formation of clouds and precipitation, making the ITCZ an area of high rainfall.
• The location of the ITCZ can vary seasonally, and it significantly influences global weather patterns.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Pashupati Kumar Paras.

Key Points

• Pashupati Kumar Paras has been the Union Minister of Food Processing Industries since November 2022.
• He is a member of the Rashtriya Lok Janshakti Party and has been a Member of Parliament since 2014.
• He is also the Minister of State for Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries.

Additional Information

As of July 2023.

The correct answer is Nagaland.

Key Points

• The Chang Lo dance is performed by the Chang tribe of Nagaland to celebrate victory over enemies on the battlefield.
• Chang Lo is the tribal dance form of Nagaland.
• It is performed by the Chang tribe of Nagaland.
• They are doing it to celebrate their victory over enemies.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Dada Bhai Naoroji.

Key Points

• The reason is, Bipin Chandra Pal, Lala Lajpat Rai, and Bal Gangadhar Tilak are often referred to as the "Lal-Bal-Pal" triumvirate.
• They were a group of leaders in the Indian National Congress during the British colonial era who advocated for the Swadeshi movement, Boycott and National Education as part of the freedom struggle.

Additional Information

• Dadabhai Naoroji:
• ​Known as the Grand Old Man of India, Naoroji was a Parsi intellectual, educator, and early political leader.
• He was a member of the Indian National Congress, and he was the first Indian to become a British MP.
• His works focused on the economic exploitation of India by the British.
• Bipin Chandra Pal:
• ​One of the members of the "Lal-Bal-Pal" triumvirate, Pal was a nationalist, journalist, writer, orator, and social reformer.
• He was a major leader of the Indian National Congress and he played a significant role in the Swadeshi movement.
• Lala Lajpat Rai:
• ​Lala Lajpat Rai, also part of the "Lal-Bal-Pal" trio, was a prominent nationalist leader who played a crucial role in India’s struggle for independence.
• He was known as "Punjab Kesari" or the Lion of Punjab.
• Bal Gangadhar Tilak:
• ​Tilak, the last member of the "Lal-Bal-Pal" triumvirate, was a teacher, journalist, and independence activist.
• He was given the moniker "Lokmanya", meaning "accepted by the people (as their leader)".
• He was one of the first leaders of the Indian Independence Movement and is known for his quote "Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it".

The correct answer is Yamini Krishnamurthy.

Key Points

• Yamini Krishnamurthy is an eminent Indian dancer of Bharatnatyam and Kuchipudi styles.
• She holds the unique honour of being designated as the Asthana Nartaki (resident dancer) of the Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanam.
• In her role as the Asthana Nartaki, she has performed for numerous special events and festivals at the temple.
• Her contributions to the field of dance have earned her numerous awards, including the prestigious
• Padma Shri in 1968
• Padma Bhushan in 2001
• Padma Vibhushan (2016).
• With her performances, she has brought prominence to the Indian classical dance forms on national as well as international platforms.

Additional Information

The correct answer is 16th January 2016.

Key Points

• The Startup India Initiative was launched by the Government of India to foster entrepreneurship and promote innovation by creating an ecosystem that is conducive to the growth of startups.
• It was announced on 15th August 2015 by Prime Minister Narendra Modi and officially launched on 16th January 2016.
• The initiative is based on three major pillars:

1. Simplification and Handholding
2. Funding Support and Incentives; and
3. Industry-Academia Partnership and Incubation.

• Simplification involves simplifying the startup development process by providing a single point of contact for the entire startup ecosystem, providing legal support, and fast-tracking patent examination at lower costs.
• Funding Support and Incentives include providing funds for high-growth startups, tax benefits for startups, and a credit guarantee fund for startups.
• Industry-Academia Partnership and Incubation involve creating a network of innovation hubs, startup centres, technology business incubators and research parks to provide a platform for academia, innovators, and industry to interact.
• An important part of this initiative is to encourage entrepreneurship among women and in rural areas to ensure equal opportunity for all and inclusive economic growth.
• The initiative has seen great success, with thousands of startups being recognized and receiving benefits under the program.
• The Startup India Initiative is managed by a team from Invest India, which is the national investment promotion and facilitation agency.
• The Startup India Hub, which is a part of the initiative, addresses the queries and provides handholding support to startups. It also assists startups in understanding the various government norms, accessing funding, and helping them grow their business.

The correct answer is Rashtriya Lok Dal.

Key Points

• Chaudhary Ajit Singh, former Union Minister and Chief of the Rashtriya Lok Dal (RLD) passed away in May 2021 due to Covid-19.
• He was the son of the late Chaudhary Charan Singh, former Prime Minister of India.
• He began his political career as a Rajya Sabha MP in 1986.
• He was the Union minister of industry in former Prime Minister VP Singh's cabinet from December 1989 to November 1990.

The correct answer is Kanishka.

Key Points

• Ashvaghosha was a philosopher and poet who is considered India’s greatest poet before Kalidasa (5th century) and the father of Sanskrit drama.
• He popularized the style of Sanskrit poetry known as kavya.
• Ashvaghosha adorned the court of Kanishka.
• He was born in Saketa in northern India.
• Though Pali language literature was popular in Buddhism, Ashvaghosha wrote in Classical Sanskrit.
• Ashvaghosha spoke at length on Mahayana (Greater Vehicle) Buddhist doctrine at the fourth Buddhist council, which he helped organize.
• Buddhacharita wrote by Ashvaghosha is an epic on the life of the Buddha.
• He also wrote Saundarananda, with the theme of conversion of Nanda, Buddha's half-brother, so that he might reach salvation.
• He is also thought to be the author of the Sutralankara.

Given values:

Radius of the hemisphere = 7 cm

Radius of the cone = 7 cm

Height of the cone = 5 cm

Concept:

The total surface area of the toy = curved surface area of the cone + surface area of the hemisphere

Calculation:

Curved surface area of the cone = πrl (where l is the slant height)

⇒ Slant height, l = √(r² + h²) = √(7² + 5²) = √(49 + 25) = √(74)

⇒ Curved surface area of the cone = (22/7) × 7 × √(74)

Surface area of the hemisphere = 2πr²

⇒ Surface area of the hemisphere = 2 × (22/7) × 7²

Total surface area of the toy = curved surface area of the cone + surface area of the hemisphere

Total surface area of the toy = (22/7) × 7 × √(74) +  2 × (22/7) × 72

Total surface area of the toy = 22 × 8.602 +  2 × 22 × 7 = 497.25

Therefore, rounding off to two places of decimal, the total surface area of the toy = 497.25 cm².

Mean proportional of (x + y)⁴ and (x - y)⁴

Given values:

(x + y)⁴ and (x - y)⁴

Concept:

The mean proportional of two quantities a and b is √(a × b) 

Calculation:

⇒ Mean proportional = √((x + y)⁴ × (x - y)⁴) = (x² - y²)²

Therefore, the mean proportional of (x + y)⁴ and (x - y)⁴ is (x² - y²)²

Given values:

Average salary of all workers = Rs. 3,000

Number of higher officers = 12

Average salary of higher officers = Rs. 12,000

Average salary of remaining workers = Rs. 2,500

Concept:

Total salary = Average salary × total number of individuals.

Also, total salary = salary of group A + salary of group B.

Calculation:

⇒ Total salary of higher officers = number of higher officers × average salary of higher officers = 12 × 12,000

⇒ Let x be the total number of workers. Therefore, total salary of all workers = x × 3,000

⇒ Total salary of remaining workers = total salary of all workers - total salary of higher officers = x × 3,000 - 12 × 12,000

⇒ As total salary of remaining workers = (x - 12) × 2,500

⇒ (x - 12) × 2,500 = x × 3,000 - 12 × 12,000

⇒ 2500x - 30000 = x × 3,000 - 144,000

⇒ 500x = 114000

⇒ x = 228

Hence, the total number of workers is 228.

Given fractions: 3/8, 5/12, 15/16

Concept:

HCF of fractions = HCF of numerators/LCM of denominators

Calculation:

⇒ HCF of numerators (3, 5, 15) = 1

⇒ LCM of denominators (8, 12, 16) = 48

Therefore, the HCF of the given fractions is 1/48.

Given values:

Present population = 16000

Annual increase rate = 5%

Time = 2 years

Concept:

Future population = present population ×  (1 + annual increase rate)^time

Calculation:

⇒ Future population = 16000 ×  (1 + 0.05)² = 17640

Hence, the future population of the town after 2 years is 17640.

Shortcut Trick 5% = 1/20

So increased population = 16000 × (21/20) × (21/20)

Increased population = 441 × 40 = 17640

Hence, the future population of the town after 2 years is 17640.

Shortcut Trick

Rate of Interest = [(Amount in 3 years − Amount in 2 years) ÷ Amount in 2 years] × 100

Rate = [(33,275 − 30,250) ÷ 30,250] × 100 = (3,025 ÷ 30,250) × 100 = 10%

Principal = Amount in 2 years ÷ (1 + r/100)²

Principal = 30,250 ÷ (1.1)² = 30,250 ÷ 1.21 = 25,000

∴ The correct answer is ₹25,000.

Alternate Method

Given:

Amount after 2 years (A₂) = ₹30,250

Amount after 3 years (A₃) = ₹33,275

Formula Used:

Amount (A) = P(1 + r/100)ⁿ, where P is Principal, r is Rate, and n is Time.

⇒ For consecutive years, Rate (r) = [(A₃ − A₂) ÷ A₂] × 100

⇒ r = [(33,275 − 30,250) ÷ 30,250] × 100

⇒ r = (3,025 ÷ 30,250) × 100 = 10% per annum

⇒ Now, using A₂ = P(1 + r/100)²

⇒ 30,250 = P(1 + 10/100)²

⇒ 30,250 = P(11/10)²

⇒ 30,250 = P × (121/100)

⇒ P = (30,250 × 100) ÷ 121

⇒ P = 250 × 100 = 25,000

∴ The correct answer is ₹25,000.

Additional Information

Compound Interest on Consecutive Years

When interest is compounded annually, the Amount at the end of any year serves as the Principal for the next year. Thus, r = (Interest of 1 year ÷ Amount of previous year) × 100.

Effective Rate of Interest

For a rate of r% compounded annually for 2 years, the effective rate on the principal is [2r + (r²/100)]%.

Difference between CI and SI

The difference between Compound Interest and Simple Interest for 2 years is P(r/100)².

Given values:

A and B together finish work in 30 days

Worked together for 20 days, then B left

A worked for another 20 days

Concept:

If A and B together finish work in 'a' days, A finishes alone in 'b' days and B finishes alone in 'c' days, then 1/a = 1/b + 1/c.

Calculation:

⇒ Total work done by A and B in 20 days = 20/30 = 2/3 of the work

⇒ Work done by A in the next 20 days = 1 - 2/3 = 1/3 of the work

⇒ Therefore, A alone can finish the work in 20 × 3 = 60 days.

Hence, A alone can finish the whole work in 60 days.

Given values:

Selling price = ₹15,000

Profit = ₹3,000

Concept: Profit percent = (Profit / Cost Price) x 100

Calculation:

⇒ Cost Price = Selling Price - Profit = ₹15,000 - ₹3,000 = ₹12,000

⇒ Profit percentage = (₹3,000 / ₹12,000) x 100

Hence, his profit percentage is 25%.

Given:

A, B and C together can complete a piece of work in 40/3 days

All the three started working at it together and after 5 days A left. Then B and C together completed the work in 17 more days

Formula used:

Work = Efficiency × Time

Calculation:

Let a , b and c be the efficiencies of A , B and C respectively

According to the question,

(a + b + c) × 40/3 days = (a + b + c) × 5 days + ( b + c) × 17 days

40/3a + 40/3b + 40/3c = 5a + 5b + 5c + 17b + 17c

40/3a + 40/3b + 40/3c = 5a + 22b + 22c 

25/3a = 26/3b + 26/3c

25/3a = 26/3(b + c)

25a = 26(b + c)

Ratio of a : (b + c) is 26 : 25

Let 25 and 26 be the efficiency of A and (B+C)  

Total work = (a + b + c) × 40/3 days

= (25 + 26) × 40/3 days

= 51 × 40/3

= 680

Time taken to finish the work by A alone,

= 680/26 = 26 days (approx..)

 ∴ A alone can complete the total work in​ 26 days.

Given values: A number divisible by 12, 15, and 25

Concept:

The number is the least common multiple (LCM) of 12, 15, and 25. The remainder when a number is divided by 9 is the same as the remainder when the sum of its digits is divided by 9.

Calculation:

⇒ The LCM of 12, 15, and 25 is 300. The smallest 6-digit number divisible by 300 is 100200.

⇒ Sum of digits of 100200 = 1 + 0 + 0 + 2 + 0 + 0 = 3

⇒ Remainder when 3 is divided by 9 = 3

Therefore, the remainder when the smallest 6-digit number divisible by 12, 15, and 25 is divided by 9 is 3.

Alternate Method LCM of 12, 15 and 25 is = 300.

and

300 ×  334 = 100200

So, the smallest 6-digit number which is divisible by 12, 15 and 25 is = 100200

When 100200 is divided by 9 then the remainder is:

100200 = 9 × 11133 + 3

remainder is = 3.

Shortcut Trick

When the distance traveled is the same for two parts of a journey, the Average Speed is the Harmonic Mean of the individual speeds.

Shortcut Formula: Average Speed = 2xy ÷ (x + y)

Here, x = 120 km/h and y = 130 km/h.

Average Speed = (2 × 120 × 130) ÷ (120 + 130) = 31200 ÷ 250 = 124.8 km/h.

∴ The correct answer is 124.8 km/h.

Alternate Method

Given:

Speed from Delhi to Dehradun (s₁) = 120 km/h

Speed from Dehradun to Delhi (s₂) = 130 km/h

Formula Used:

Average Speed = Total Distance ÷ Total Time

Let the distance between Delhi and Dehradun be D km.

⇒ Total distance = D + D = 2D km

⇒ Time taken for Delhi to Dehradun (t₁) = Distance ÷ Speed = D ÷ 120

⇒ Time taken for Dehradun to Delhi (t₂) = Distance ÷ Speed = D ÷ 130

⇒ Total Time = (D ÷ 120) + (D ÷ 130)

⇒ Total Time = D × (130 + 120) ÷ (120 × 130) = 250D ÷ 15600

⇒ Average Speed = 2D ÷ (250D ÷ 15600)

⇒ Average Speed = (2 × 15600) ÷ 250

⇒ Average Speed = 31200 ÷ 250 = 124.8 km/h

∴ The correct answer is 124.8 km/h.

Additional Information

Average Speed for Constant Distance

When a person travels two equal distances at speeds v₁ and v₂, the average speed is given by 2v₁v₂ ÷ (v₁ + v₂).

Average Speed for Constant Time

If a person travels for equal time intervals at speeds v₁ and v₂, the average speed is the arithmetic mean: (v₁ + v₂) ÷ 2.

General Average Speed Formula

Average Speed = Total Distance ÷ Total Time = (d₁ + d₂ + ...) ÷ (t₁ + t₂ + ...).

Three Equal Distances

If three equal distances are covered with speeds x, y, and z, then Average Speed = 3xyz ÷ (xy + yz + zx).

Given values:

Marked price is 14% more than cost price

Discount of 14% is given on the marked price

Concept:

Selling Price = Marked Price - Discount, Gain/Loss% = ((Selling Price - Cost Price) / Cost Price) ×  100

Calculation:

⇒ If we assume the cost price to be 100 units, then marked price = 114 units

⇒ Selling price = 114 - (14% of 114) = 98.04 units

⇒ Gain or loss percent = ((98.04 - 100) / 100) ×  100

Therefore, there is a 1.96 percent loss.

Given:

The successive discount are 10%, 20% and 40% 

Formula used:

Successive discount = X + Y - ( XY) /100 

Where, 

X = First discount 

Y = Second discount

Calculation:

Successive discount = X + Y - (XY)/100 

⇒ 10 + 20 - 200/100 

⇒ 28%

Now again

Successive discount = X + Y - (XY)/100 

Here, X = 28% , Y = 40% 

⇒ 28 + 40 - 1120/100 

⇒ 68 - 11.2 = 56.8 = 56$4\over5$%

Hence, the single  equivalent discount percentage is 56$4\over5$% .

Given values:

75% of the first number is equal to 60% of the second number

Concept:

Ratio of the first number to the second number is inverse of the ratio of given percentages.

Calculation:

⇒ Ratio of the first number to the second number = 60% / 75%

Therefore, the ratio of the first number to the second number is 4 : 5.

Given values:

Radius (r) = 21 cm

Height (h) = 20 cm

Concept: Volume of a cone = (1/3) ×  π × r² × h

Calculation:

⇒ Volume = (1/3) × 22/7 × (21)² × 20

⇒ Volume = 22 × 21 × 20

Hence, the volume of the cone is 9240 cm³.

Shortcut Trick

The mean proportional between two numbers a and b is given by √(a × b).

⇒ Mean proportional = √(18 × 32)

⇒ Mean proportional = √(576)

⇒ 24

∴ The correct answer is 24.

Alternate Method

Given:

First number (a) = 18

Second number (b) = 32

Formula Used:

If x is the mean proportional between a and b, then a : x :: x : b, which implies x² = a × b.

Calculations:

⇒ Let the mean proportional be x.

⇒ x² = 18 × 32

⇒ x² = 576

⇒ x = √576

⇒ x = 24

∴ The correct answer is 24.

Additional Information

Third Proportional

For two numbers a and b, the third proportional c satisfies a : b :: b : c. It is calculated using the formula c = b² ÷ a.

Fourth Proportional

For three numbers a, b, and c, the fourth proportional d satisfies a : b :: c : d. It is calculated using the formula d = (b × c) ÷ a.

Compound Ratio

For ratios a : b and c : d, the compound ratio is the ratio of the product of antecedents to the product of consequents, represented as (a × c) : (b × d).

Given values:

Cost price of the almirah = Rs. 14,360

Transportation cost = Rs. 240

Concept:

Selling price for a gain of p% = Cost price ×  (1 + p/100)

Calculation:

⇒ Total cost price = Rs. 14,360 + Rs. 240 = Rs. 14,600

⇒ Selling price for a gain of 15% = Rs. 14,600 ×  (1 + 15/100)

Hence, the almirah should be sold for Rs. 16,790 to gain 15%.

Shortcut Trick

Let the remaining distance be x km.

Total Distance = 20 + 25 + x = (45 + x) km.

Total Time = 20/12 + 25/10 + x/15 = (5/3 + 5/2 + x/15) hours.

Average Speed = 13.5 ⇒ (45 + x) ÷ [(50 + 75 + 2x) / 30] = 13.5.

30(45 + x) = 13.5(125 + 2x) ⇒ 1350 + 30x = 1687.5 + 27x.

3x = 337.5 ⇒ x = 112.5 km.

∴ The correct answer is 112.5 km.

Alternate Method

Given:

Distance₁ = 20 km, Speed₁ = 12 km/h

Distance₂ = 25 km, Speed₂ = 10 km/h

Distance₃ = x km, Speed₃ = 15 km/h

Overall Average Speed = 13.5 km/h

Formula Used:

Average Speed = Total Distance ÷ Total Time

Calculations:

⇒ Total Distance = 20 + 25 + x = 45 + x

⇒ Total Time = (20 ÷ 12) + (25 ÷ 10) + (x ÷ 15)

⇒ Total Time = 5/3 + 2.5 + x/15 = (25/15 + 37.5/15 + x/15) = (62.5 + x)/15

⇒ 13.5 = (45 + x) ÷ [(62.5 + x) / 15]

⇒ 13.5 × (62.5 + x) = 15 × (45 + x)

⇒ 843.75 + 13.5x = 675 + 15x

⇒ 15x − 13.5x = 843.75 − 675

⇒ 1.5x = 168.75

⇒ x = 168.75 ÷ 1.5

⇒ x = 112.5 km

∴ The correct answer is 112.5 km.

Additional Information

Average Speed Formula

For any journey with different speeds and distances, Average Speed = Total Distance Travelled ÷ Total Time Taken.

Special Case: Equal Distances

If a body travels two equal distances at speeds u and v, the average speed is given by (2 × u × v) ÷ (u + v).

Unit Conversion

To convert speed from km/h to m/s, multiply by 5/18. To convert m/s to km/h, multiply by 18/5.

Given values:

Distance covered = 1080 km

Time taken = 240 minutes

Concept:

Speed = Distance / Time

Calculation:

⇒ Distance in meters = 1080 ×  1000 = 1080000 meters

⇒ Time in seconds = 240 ×  60 = 14400 seconds

⇒ Speed = Distance / Time = 1080000 / 14400

Therefore, the speed of the car is 75 m/sec.

Given values:

Last year's order = 240 kg

Increase in order = 12%

Concept: Quantity ordered this year = Last year's order ×  (1 + Increase percentage/100)

Calculation:

⇒ Quantity ordered this year = 240 ×  (1 + 12/100)

Therefore, Om should order 268.8 kg of millet flour this year.

The correct answer is: 'Option 4: Don’t give up'

Key Points

• 'Hang in there' (संघर्ष करते रहना) is an encouragement idiom that means to persist or to not give up when things are difficult.
• For example: "Even though the training was tough, her coach told her to hang in there."
• 'Don't give up' (हार मत मानो), is the correct meaning, which conveys the message of persisting and not stopping despite difficulties.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Option 4: Don’t give up'

<br>

Additional Information

• 'A wise decision' (एक बुद्धिमानी निर्णय) implies making a choice based on sound judgement and wisdom.
• 'Overcoming joy' (खुशी को पार करना) could refer to subduing or managing extremely positive emotions.
• 'Don’t rake up a controversy' (विवाद नहीं उठाना) suggests not bringing up or igniting a contentious issue or topic.

The correct answer is 'Option 4' i.e. 'Permanent'.

<br>

Key Points

• The given word is 'Transient' which means lasting for only a short time; temporary.(क्षणिक)
• For example: A transient mood of melancholy gripped her.
• The antonym or opposite of 'Transient' is 'Permanent' which means lasting or intended to last or remain unchanged indefinitely.(स्थायी)
• For example: Permanent markers are used to label personal items with your name.

Therefore, the correct answer is - 'Option 4' i.e. 'Permanent'.

Additional Information

• Delicate(नाजुक)
• Perishable(नष्ट होनेवाला)
• Temporary (अस्थायी)

The correct answer is 'Option 1' i.e. 'Cowardly'.

<br>

Key Points

• The given word is 'Confident' which means feeling or showing confidence in oneself.(आत्मविश्वासी).
• For example: She was a confident speaker at the conference.
• The antonym or opposite of 'Confident' is 'Cowardly' which means lacking courage.(कायर).
• For example: He regretted his cowardly actions years ago.

Therefore, the correct answer is - 'Option 1' i.e. 'Cowardly'.

<br>

Additional Information

• Undaunted(निडर)
• Bold(साहसिक)
• Carefree(बेफिक्र)

The correct answer is 'Option 1'

Key Points

• The idiom provided is "To put a spoke in one’s wheel" which refers to causing difficulties for someone or thwarting someone's plan.
• For example: When Jack decided to work on the project alone, his teammates decided to put a spoke in his wheel.
• The most appropriate meaning for this idiom is "To thwart someone in the execution of one’s design".

Therefore, the correct answer is - 'Option 1′.

<br>

Additional Information

• "To leave someone without any provision" (option 2), "To receive a cold reception" (option 3), and "Narrating a false story" (option 4) do not align with the provided idiom.

The correct answer is 'Option 1' i.e. 'Necesity'.

<br>

Key Points

• This question requires identifying the word that is spelled incorrectly.
• The incorrectly spelled word in this question is 'Necesity'.
• The correct spelling of the word is 'Necessity' (आवश्यकता) .
• For example: Eating food is a necessity for survival.

Therefore, the correct answer is - 'Option 1' i.e. 'Necesity'.

<br>

Additional Information

• 'Weather' (Option 2) is spelled accurately(मौसम)
• 'Knowledge' (Option 3) is spelled accurately(ज्ञान)
• 'Modest' (Option 4) is spelled accurately(संकोची)

The correct answer is 'Option 4' i.e. 'Freedom'.

<br>

Key Points

• In the given sentence, the underlined word is 'liberty', which means the state of being free within society from oppressive restrictions by authorities.(स्वतंत्रता)
• For example: Every citizen has the right to liberty under the law.
• The synonym of 'Liberty' that matches in this context is 'Freedom',(आज़ादी).
• For example: Freedom of expression is a fundamental human right.

Therefore, the correct answer is - 'Option 4' i.e. 'Freedom'.

<br>

Additional Information

• Meal(भोजन)
• Democracy(लोकतंत्र)
• Statue (मूर्ति)

The correct answer is "Option 2: cache; cash".

<br>

Key Points

• A computer contains a "cache" memory which is a type of hardware or software component that stores data so that future requests for that data can be served faster.
• The sentence suggests a contrast between something technologically advanced (like a computer's cache memory) and something traditional (like cash payments), which my father prefers over digital payments.
• Therefore, "cache; cash" is the correct pair of words to fill in the blanks contextually.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 2: cache; cash".

Additional Information

• "cash; cash" and "cache; cache" would provide repetition in each case and do not offer the contrast the sentence implies.
• "cash; cache" would reverse the intended meanings and result in a sentence that does not make logical sense.

The correct answer is 'Option 4' i.e. 'Paltry'.

Key Points

• The given word is 'Significant' which means sufficiently great or important to be worthy of attention.(महत्वपूर्ण)
• For example: This is a significant day for our nation.
• The antonym or opposite of 'Significant' is 'Paltry' which means small or meager.(तुच्छ)
• For example: He was given a paltry sum of money for his work.

Therefore, the correct answer is - 'Option 4' i.e. 'Paltry'.

<br>

Additional Information

• Prominent(प्रमुख)
• Idle (खाली)
• Distinct(विशिष्ट)

The correct answer is 'Option 4' i.e. 'Horrified'.

<br>

Key Points

• The given word is 'Aghast' which means filled with horror or shock.(भौचक्का).
• For example: She was aghast at the news of her friend's sudden death.
• The synonym of 'Aghast' in this context is 'Horrified' which means filled with a feeling of horror or dismay.(भयभीत).
• For example: The children were horrified by the scary stories around the campfire.

Therefore, the correct answer is - 'Option 4' i.e. 'Horrified'.

<br>

Additional Information

• Mystified(रहस्यमई).
• Inspired(प्रेरित).
• Pacified(शांत).

The correct answer is 'Option 4' i.e. 'Exklusive'.

Key Points

• The question requires identifying the word that is spelled incorrectly. The incorrectly spelled word in this question is 'Exklusive'.
• The correct spelling of the word is 'Exclusive', ('विशेष')
• For example: The designer released an exclusive collection for the summer.

Therefore, the correct answer is - 'Option 4' i.e. 'Exklusive'.

<br>

Additional Information

• 'Lament' (Option 1) is spelled accurately(विलाप)
• 'License' (Option 2) is spelled accurately(लाइसेंस)
• 'Juggle' (Option 3) is spelled accurately(जगली)

The correct answer is "Option 2: solved".

Key Points

• When dealing with mathematical issues or problems, the appropriate verb to use is "solved".
• It implies that the issue was dealt with successfully, which suits the context of the sentence that the problem was tackled with "zest and vigour".
• The rest of the options slightly alter the intended meaning of the sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 2: solved".

<br>

Additional Information

• "Cleared up" and "settled" can also be used to denote resolving an issue but their usage tends to be more common in reference to disagreements, conflicts, or misunderstandings rather than mathematical problems.
• "Remedied" could be used in medical or general problem-solving scenario.

The correct answer is "Option 2: has been working"

<br>

Key Points

• In the given sentence, the correct form of present perfect continuous tense is required.
• The verb "work" should be in the -ing form, thus "has been working" correctly expresses ongoing action in the past up until now.
• The present perfect continuous tense is generally used to express an action that started in the past and continues in the present, which is the case in this sentence: the farmer started working at 8 a.m. and is still working.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 2: has been working".

Additional Information

• "Is been working" is incorrect as it doesn't follow the proper structure of any English tense.
• "Had working" is also incorrect as it doesn't follow the proper structure of any English tense.

The correct answer is "Option 4**: chute".**

 Key Points

• A "chute" is a sloping channel or slide for conveying things to a lower level which fits the context of the sentence.
• It makes perfect sense in the sentence as something that can transport garbage into a big bin.
• The sentence structure and grammar also remain intact with this choice.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 4**: chute".**

Additional Information

• "Shoot" while phonetically similar to "chute", has different meanings none of which fit appropriately in the given sentence.
• "Should" is a modal verb and does not fit into the structure of the sentence.
• "Shook" is the past tense of "shake" which also does not fit the sentence context.

The correct answer is "Option 1: I am give".

<br>

Key Points

• "I am give" is not grammatically correct. The correct structure is "I am giving".
• When describing continuous or ongoing actions, we use the present continuous tense, which requires the verb to be in the '-ing' form.
• The rest of the sentence is grammatically sound.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 1: I am give".

Additional Information

• "A speech on", "emerging economic dynamics", and "in the program" are all grammatically correct and maintain the original structure and meaning of the sentence.

The correct answer is "Option 2: he refused to meet me".

<br>

Key Points

• The verb "refuse" must agree with its subject and the tense of the sentence.
• Given that the sentence is in the past tense (indicated by "I went there"), "refuse" should also be in the past tense, i.e., "refused".
• The pronoun he is singular, so the verb must agree with this by taking the form "refused".

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 2: he refused to meet me".

Additional Information

• "He has refused to meet me" and "he refused in meeting me" are grammatically incorrect as per the sentence structure.

The correct answer is: Option 1, "proved".

Key Points

• The term "proved" is the most appropriate option for this context.
• The verb "prove" is often used with research to denote that the research results have confirmed or validated a specific point or hypothesis.
• In this context, the research is affirming or confirming the fact that reptiles and amphibians are cold-blooded creatures. So, we say that the research has "proved" this fact.
• The structure of the sentence, and the term "that" following the blank, both signal that we need a verb which can demonstrate the result of what the research has established or confirmed.

Therefore, the correct answer is 

 Additional Information

• 'Option 2', 'tell', is generally used when person or a text provides information, not when research confirms a fact, making it unsuitable in this context.
• 'Option 3', 'talked', is incorrect because research doesn't "talk", individuals do.
• 'Option 4', 'spread', is generally used to indicate the dissemination of information or disease, and doesn't fit with the context of confirming or validating a fact through research.

The correct answer is: Option 2, "animals".

Key Points

• The term "animals" is most appropriate here for classifying reptiles and amphibians. Reptiles and amphibians are large groups of animals characterised by being multi-cellular and heterotrophic, among other traits.
• The passage is concerned with exploring the characteristics of cold-blooded creatures and their ability to regulate body temperature. Both reptiles and amphibians are indeed animals and they belong to groups of animals that are classified as being cold-blooded.
• The context leading and following the blank suggests a broad group that encompasses both amphibians and reptiles, and "animals" suits this requirement best.

Therefore, the correct answer is 

<br>

Additional Information

• 'Option 1', 'birds', is incorrect because while birds are animals, not all animals are birds. Birds are typically warm-blooded, not cold-blooded.
• 'Option 3', 'plants', is not accurate since the passage clearly distinguishes between characteristics of animals and not plants.
• 'Option 4', 'organisms', although technically correct as reptiles and amphibians are indeed organisms, it's too vague a term for this context as it could refer to any living entity (including microorganisms, plants, and animals). Here, the term "animals" provides a clearer classification.

The correct answer is: Option 4, "mean".

Key Points

• The verb "mean" is appropriate here because it is used to define or clarify a term. In this case, the term being defined is "cold-blooded animals."
• "Mean" is often used when giving definitions or further explanations about a specific term or phrase. Here, it enables the explanation or clarification of what "cold-blooded animals" refers to.
• The verb "mean" followed by "that" is also a common structure when providing definitions or explanations for a term.

Therefore, the correct answer is 

 Additional Information

• 'Option 1', 'intent', does not fill the blank adequately because "intent" refers to a plan or aim, and doesn't work in this context where a definition or meaning is required.
• 'Option 2', 'express', can indicate communication or conveyance of a thought or feeling, but isn't typically used in definitions.
• 'Option 3', 'designate', would imply assigning a label or a name to something. Though used in categorizing or identification, it does not directly fit in this context providing a definition.

The correct answer is: Option 4, "whereas".

Key Points

• The conjunction "whereas" is most appropriate here as it is used to contrast two different facts or statements, in this case, the different skin types of reptiles and amphibians.
• The comparison in the sentence is between the dry and scaly skin of reptiles and the wet and smooth skin of amphibians. The use of "whereas" emphasizes this contrast effectively.
• "Whereas" is often used in academic and informative texts to express contrast or to compare and differentiate two things.

Therefore, the correct answer is

<br>

Additional Information

• 'Option 1', 'contrary', is commonly used as an adjective or a noun, and not as a conjunction to compare or contrast two statements.
• 'Option 2', 'similarly', is used to show agreement or likeness, while the sentences here are showing a contrast.
• 'Option 3', 'conversely', could also show a contrast, but it is commonly used for contrasting ideas or opinions rather than facts. It gives the nuance of showing an opposite effect or result, which isn't the case in this context.

The correct answer is: Option 4, "crawling".

Key Points

• The term "crawling" is most appropriate for this context as it generally refers to the typical movement of most reptiles.
• The verb describes a creature moving forward on its belly or on small, short legs, a common way reptiles navigate on land.
• Given the context of the behavior of most reptiles**, "crawling"** is the natural form of locomotion that many reptiles adopt.
• Usage of "crawling" correlates well as most reptiles are known for close-to-the-ground movements due to their bodily structure.

Therefore, the correct answer is 

<br>

Additional Information

• 'Option 1', 'walking', typically connotes bipedal or quadrupedal locomotion elevated off the ground, which isn’t standard for many reptiles. It wouldn't be used widely to describe the movement of most reptiles.
• 'Option 2', 'dragging', implies an effortful pulling or hauling motion and isn't generally used to describe the usual movement of animals, including reptiles.
• 'Option 3', 'jumping', is inappropriate because it requires a level of physical elevation that not all reptiles can achieve or use consistently to move around. Reptiles generally slide or crawl rather than jump.

वाक्य के रेखांकित भाग को ''संख्या'' शब्‍द से प्रतिस्थापित क‍िया जाएगा। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points

• वाक्‍य- लोग बड़ी मात्रा मे जमा हो गए।
• वाक्‍य में मात्रा के स्‍थान पर संख्‍या शब्‍द का प्रयोग होगा।
• सही शब्‍द- संख्या
• अत: सही वाक्‍य- लोग बड़ी संख्‍या में जमा हो गए।

Additional Information 

• वाक्य रचना में संज्ञा,सर्वनाम,विशेषण,क्रिया,अव्यय, वर्तनी से सम्बंधित या अन्य प्रकार की अशुद्धियाँ हो सकती हैं जिनसे सम्बंधित विभिन्न प्रश्न परीक्षाओं में पूछे जाते हैं।

जैसे -

संज्ञा संबंधित वाक्य शुद्धि

• अशुद्ध - मैं रविवार के दिन तुम्हारे घर आऊँगा।
• शुद्ध - मैं रविवार को तुम्हारे घर आऊँगा।

लिंग संबंधित अशुद्धियाँ

• अशुद्ध - सविता ने जोर से हँस दिया।
• शुद्ध - सविता जोर से हँस दी।

वचन संबंधित अशुद्धियाँ

• अशुद्ध -मेरे आँसू से रूमाल भींग गया।
• शुद्ध - मेरे आँसुओं से रूमाल भींग गया।

कारक संबंधित अशुद्धियाँ

• अशुद्ध - सब से नमस्ते।
• शुद्ध - सब को नमस्ते।

"प्रमुख" शब्‍द का उचित व‍िलोम शब्‍द का प्रयोग व‍िकल्‍प (4) यह उसके जीवन की गौण घटना थी। वाक्‍य में किया गया है। 

Key Points

• वाक्‍य- "यह उसके जीवन की प्रमुख घटना थी।"
• इस वाक्‍य में प्रमुख के सही व‍िलोम गौण का प्रयोग हुआ है।
• सही व‍िलोम शब्‍द युक्‍त वाक्‍य- यह उसके जीवन की गौण घटना थी।
• प्रमुख का उचित व‍िलोम गौण होता है।
• प्रमुख का अर्थ- मुख्य, प्रधान
• गौण का अर्थ- अप्रधान
• अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं।

Important Points कुछ अन्‍य व‍िलोम शब्‍द- 

''देश में सर्वस्व शांति होना चाहिए।'' यह वाक्‍य अशुद्ध है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points

• अशुद्ध वाक्‍य- देश में सर्वस्व शांति होना चाहिए। इस वाक्‍य में सर्वस्व शब्‍द में वर्तनी संबंधी त्रुटि है। और साथ ही ल‍िंग संबंधी त्रु‍ट‍ि भी हैं।
• शुद्ध वाक्‍य- देश में सर्वत्र शांति होनी चाहिए।
• अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍पों में द‍िए गए सभी वाक्‍य शुद्ध हैं।

Important Points 

• वाक्य रचना में संज्ञा,सर्वनाम,विशेषण,क्रिया,अव्यय, वर्तनी से सम्बंधित या अन्य प्रकार की अशुद्धियाँ हो सकती हैं जिनसे सम्बंधित विभिन्न प्रश्न परीक्षाओं में पूछे जाते हैं।

जैसे -

संज्ञा संबंधित वाक्य शुद्धि

• अशुद्ध - मैं रविवार के दिन तुम्हारे घर आऊँगा।
• शुद्ध - मैं रविवार को तुम्हारे घर आऊँगा।

लिंग संबंधित अशुद्धियाँ

• अशुद्ध - सविता ने जोर से हँस दिया।
• शुद्ध - सविता जोर से हँस दी।

वचन संबंधित अशुद्धियाँ

• अशुद्ध -मेरे आँसू से रूमाल भींग गया।
• शुद्ध - मेरे आँसुओं से रूमाल भींग गया।

कारक संबंधित अशुद्धियाँ

• अशुद्ध - सब से नमस्ते।
• शुद्ध - सब को नमस्ते।

"बालू से तेल निकालना-असंभव को संभव करना।" मुहावरों और उनके अर्थ का यह युग्म सही है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points

Important Pointsअन्‍य व‍िकल्‍पों में द‍िए गए मुहावरों का सही अर्थ और वाक्‍य प्रयोग- 

'ऊँट पर रखकर चलायी जाने वाली तोप' "सुतुरनाल" कहलाता है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points

• 'ऊँट पर रखकर चलायी जाने वाली तोप'- सुतुरनाल।

Important Points

Additional Information

"अग्नि-आग" विलोम शब्दों का युग्म सुमेलित नहीं है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points

• अग्नि-आग एक दूसरे के पर्यायवाची शब्‍द है।
• आग के पर्यायवाची शब्‍द- अग्नि, ज्वाला, दहन, धनंजय, वैश्वानर, रोहिताश्व, वायुसखा, विभावसु, हुताशन आद‍ि।
• आग का व‍िलोम शब्‍द पानी है।
• अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍पों में द‍िए गए व‍िलोम शब्‍दों के युग्‍म सही हैं।

Important Pointsकुछ अन्‍य व‍िलोम शब्‍द- 

वाक्य में रेखांकित शब्द आशा को चेष्टा शब्‍द से बदला जायेगा। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points

• वाक्‍य- मैं आशा करूँगा कि समय पर आपके पास पहुँच जाऊँ।
• इस वाक्‍य में रेखांक‍ित शब्‍द आशा के स्‍थान पर चेष्‍टा शब्‍द का प्रयोग क‍िया जाएगा।
• प्रतिस्थापित शब्‍द युक्‍त वाक्‍य-  मैं चेष्‍टा करूँगा कि समय पर आपके पास पहुँच जाऊँ।
• चेष्‍टा का अर्थ- प्रयास, कोशिश, प्रयत्न।
• अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं।

अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प- 

''यह किसका खरगोश है?'' इस वाक्‍य में संख्यावाचक विशेषण का उचित प्रयोग नहीं किया गया है। 

Key Points

• यह किसका खरगोश है?
• यह वाक्‍य प्रश्नवाचक सार्वनामिक विशेषण का है।
• जब किसी वाक्य में संज्ञा से पहले 'कौन', 'क्या', 'कब' 'किसका' अथवा 'कैसे' सर्वनाम जुड़कर संज्ञा की विशेषता बताए तो उसे प्रश्नवाचक सार्वनामिक विशेषण कहते हैं।
• अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍पों में द‍िए गए सभी वाक्‍य संख्‍यावाचक व‍िशेषण के हैं।

अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प- 

Additional Information

संख्यावाचक विषेशण के दो भेद है।

'आँखों में धूल झोंकना' मुहावरे का उचित अर्थ "धोखा देना" है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points

Important Pointsकुछ अन्‍य महत्‍वपूर्ण मुहावरे-  

Additional Information