SSC GD Constable (2022) Official Paper (Held On : 13 Jan 2023 Shift 1) (Previous Year Paper)

The logic followed here is:

Given: TDKV, MWOZ, FPSD, ?, RBAL 

Hence, the correct answer is 'YIWH'.

The pattern followed here is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The correct mirror image of the given figure when the mirror is placed at line PQ will be: 

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

According to the sequence in the dictionary:

2. Tackle
3. Tadpole
4. Tagline 
5. Tamarind
6. Tasty

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The pattern followed here is:

Given:- Six students are sitting around a circular table facing the centre.

1)  Marshal is sitting second to the left of Sandra.

2) Carol is sitting second to the right of Sandra.

 

3. Shashi is the immediate neighbour of Sandra and Carol.

4) Sahil is sitting third to the left of Sandra.

5) Jade is sitting third to the left of Carol.

Clearly, Sahil is sitting between Marshal and Carol.

Hence, the correct answer is "Sahil".

The Pattern follow here is;

Given: Six people J, K, L, M, N and O are sitting in a straight row, facing north.

1) There are only three people to the right of K and only three people to the left of J.

2. O is sitting second to the left of K. 

 

3. M is sitting between J and N.

4. L is sitting on the vacant place.

Clearly, L is sitting between O and K.

Hence, L is the correct answer.

Flow' and 'Stagnant' are antonyms in the context that flow refers to movement and stagnation refers to a lack of movement.

Following this pattern, we would need an antonym for 'Fall.'

In that context, 'Fall' would be synonymous with decline or dropping, and its antonym would be 'Rise', or increasing.

So, 'Flow' is related to 'Stagnant' in the same way 'Fall' is related to 'Rise'.

Hence, the correct answer is 1) Rise.

The logic followed here is:

1) BANTER is written as ‘EZQSHQ’ 

and,

2)  HAVEN is written as ‘KZYDQ’

Similarly,

3. ADVENT be written as '?'

Hence, the correct answer is "DCYDQS"

The pattern followed here is.

Here, White and Red are common in both the dice.

So, 'Blue' is the face opposite to 'Green'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Blue".

The pattern followed here is.

 

Given: N × P @ Q - L × M & G.

Clearly, G is N's Brother's wife .

Hence, the correct answer is "Brother's wife'.

The given equation 35 + 21 - 168 ÷ 28 × 7 = 154

Option 1) - and + 

After interchanging - and +

35 - 21 + 168 ÷ 28 - 7

= 35 - 21 + 6 - 7

= 41 - 28

= 13 ≠ 154

Option 2) + and ÷ 

After interchanging + and ÷

35 ÷ 21 - 168 + 28 × 7

= 1.666 - 168 + 196

= -166.333 + 196

= 29.66667 ≈ 30 ≠ 154

Option 3) × and -

After interchanging × and -

35 + 21 × 168 ÷ 28 - 7

= 35 + 21 × 6 - 7

= 35 + 126 - 7

= 161 - 7

= 154 (correct)

Option 4) ÷ and -

After interchanging ÷ and -

35 + 21 ÷  168 - 28 × 7 = 154 

= 35 + 0.125 - 672 ≠ 154

Hence the correct answer is "option 3".

The positional values of English alphabet is as follows:

D - 2 = B

B - 4 =  X {Alphabet series end with Z = 26. If we take 4 steps back, then it will be X.} 

X - 6 = R

R - 8 = J

J - 10 = Z 

Hence, the correct answer is "Z".

The least possible Venn diagram is given below according to the given information.

Conclusions:

1. All switches are boards → Follow → As all switches are pipes and pipes are boards, So all switches are boards is definitely followed.

2. All boards are tubes → Does not follow → As all tubes are pipes, All Switches are pipes and all pipes are boards, So all boards are tubes is not definitely followed.

3. Some boards are switches → Follow → As all switches are pipes and all pipes are boards, So boards are switches is definitely followed.

Hence, the correct answer is "Only conclusions I and III follow".

The logic followed here is:

Logic:  Addition of the alphabet positions value = Code

1)  'DEVOTE' is written as ‘71’.

⇒ D(4) + E(5) + V(22) + O(15) + T(20) +E(5)

⇒ 4 + 5 + 22 + 15 + 20 + 5 = 71

and,

2)‘DIALECT’ is written as ‘54’.

⇒ D(4) + I(9) + A(1) + L(12) + E(5) + C(3) + T(20)

⇒ 4 + 9 + 1 + 12 + 5 + 3 + 20 = 54

Similarly,

3) 'DIESEL' is written as (?)

⇒D(4) + I(9) + E(5) + S(19) + E(5) + L(12)

⇒ 4 + 9 + 5 + 19 + 5 + 12 = 54 

Hence, the correct answer is "54".

The pattern followed here is:

Given:- 45 + 3 ÷ 27 - 9 × 18 = 14 

Let's interchange the given sign to make the given equation mathematically correct.

1. • and -

After interchanging the sign we get;

⇒ 45 - 3 ÷ 27 + 9 × 18 = 14

⇒ 45 + 0.11 + 9 × 18 = 14

⇒ 45 + 0.11 + 162 = 14

⇒ 207.11 ≠ 14

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS. (Incorrect)

2) × and + 

After interchanging the sign we get;

⇒ 45 × 3 ÷ 27 - 9 + 18 = 14

⇒ 45 × 0.11111 - 9 + 18 = 14

⇒ 5 - 9 + 18 = 14

⇒ 23 - 9 = 14

⇒ 14 = 14. 

⇒ LHS = RHS. (Correct)

3) ÷ and + 

After interchanging the sign we get;

⇒ 45 ÷ 3 + 27 - 9 × 18 = 14 

⇒ 15 + 27 - 9 × 18 = 14

⇒ 15 + 27 - 162 = 14

⇒ 42 - 162 = 14

⇒ - 120 ≠ 14.

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS. (Incorrect)

4) ÷ and × 

After interchanging the sign we get;

⇒ 45 + 3 × 27 - 9 ÷ 18 = 14

⇒ 45 + 3 × 27 - 0.5 = 14

⇒ 45 + 81 - 0.5 = 14

⇒ 126 - 0.5 = 14

⇒ 125.5 ≠ 14

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Hence, the correct answer is "× and +".

The pattern followed here is 

Given:  2, ?, 10, 14, 18, 22, 26, 30 

Hence, the correct answer is "6".

The pattern followed here is :

Logic: (First number × 2) - 6 = Second number. 

1. 18: 30

⇒(18 × 2) - 6

⇒36 - 6 = 30

and, 

2. 54: 102 

⇒(54 × 2) - 6

⇒108 - 6 = 102

Similarly,

3. ? : 66

⇒ (x × 2) - 6 = 66

⇒ 2x - 6= 66

⇒ 2x = 72

⇒ x = 36

Hence the correct answer is "36".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: The second word is the creator or designer of the first word.

Here, Poem : Poet → A poet is the creator of a poem.

Similarly,

Shoes : ? → Cobbler is the maker/repairer of shoes.

Hence, the correct answer is "Cobbler".

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The pattern followed here is:

Given: 40, 40, ?, 58, 76, 100,130 

Hence, the correct answer is "46".

The correct answer is Reserve Bank of India.

Key Points

• Microfinance:
• It is a banking service provided to unemployed or low-income individuals or groups who have no other access to financial services.
• It is also called microcredit.
• Microfinance Institutions Network (MFIN) in India is a Self-Regulatory Organization.​

Additional Information

• Reserve Bank of India (RBI):
• RBI was set up on the basis of the Hilton Young Commission recommendation in April 1935, with the enactment of the RBI Act, 1934.
• Its First Indian Governor was C.D. Deshmukh.
• Finance Ministry regulates fiscal policies.
• The State Bank of India was earlier known as the Imperial Bank.
• It was nationalized in 1955 on the recommendation of the Gorewala Committee and rechristened as State Bank of India

The correct answer is Fundamental Duties.

Key Points

• Fundamental Duties
• On the recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee, the fundamental duties were added.
• They were added by the 42^nd Amendment, 1976 in our Indian Constitution.
• The 86^th Amendment raised the number of fundamental obligations from 10 to 11 in 2002.
• Fundamental duties are addressed to the citizens whereas directive principles address the state.​

Additional Information

• Emergency Provisions
• Emergency Provisions are contained in Part Eighteen of the Constitution of India.
• The President of India has the power to impose emergency rules in any or all the Indian states if the security of part or all of India is threatened by "war or external aggression or armed rebellion".
• The Constitution stipulates three types of emergencies:
• National Emergency
• Constitutional Emergency
• Financial Emergency
• Directive Principles of State Policy
• Directive Principles of State Policy are stated in Part IV of the Indian Constitution.
• It contains Articles 36 to 51.
• DPSPs are non-binding in nature which means they are not enforceable by the courts for their violation.
• These principles emphasize that the State shall try to promote the welfare of the people by providing them basic facilities like shelter, food and clothing.
• It denotes the ideals that the State should keep in mind while formulating policies and enacting laws.
• Article 51 is the last Directive Principle of State Policy in the Constitution.
• Fundamental Rights
• The Fundamental Rights are enshrined in Part III of the Constitution (Articles 12-35). Part III of the Constitution is described as the Magna Carta of India.
• ‘Magna Carta’, the Charter of Rights issued by King John of England in 1215 was the first written document relating to the Fundamental Rights of citizens.
• The Fundamental Rights are justiciable because when violated the aggrieved individual can move the courts for their enforcement.
• The Supreme Court or High Courts have the power to issue directions or orders or writs for the enforcement of any of the Fundamental Rights.

The correct answer is 1910.

Key Points

• The Bhumkal Rebellion, also known as the Bastar Rebellion, was one of the major rebellions against British colonial rule in India.
• The rebellion was led by Gunda Dhur, a tribal leader from the village of Nethanar.
• He rallied the tribes and organised a guerrilla warfare against the British.
• The rebellion was named 'Bhumkal', meaning 'Earthquake', symbolizing the shaking of the British administration.
• It took place in 1910.
• Bastar, located in the present-day state of Chhattisgarh, was a princely state during the British rule in India.
• The British administration introduced many new systems and policies that led to the economic exploitation and socio-cultural disruption of the tribal communities living there, which were primarily the Gond and Maria tribes.

The correct answer is Chemical energy.

Key Points

• Chemical energy is the energy stored in substances, including fuel like natural gas, propane, wood, or charcoal.
• In the case of cooking, when you burn these fuels in a stove or grill, a chemical reaction occurs (combustion), which releases the stored chemical energy as heat.
• So, for example, when you're cooking on a gas stove, the gas (methane) reacts with oxygen in the air to produce heat, water, and carbon dioxide.
• This heat is then used to cook the food.
• The chemical reaction can be represented as:

CH₄ (g) + 2O₂ (g) → CO₂ (g) + 2H₂O (g) + heat

• Similarly, for a charcoal grill, the charcoal (mostly carbon) burns in air to produce heat, carbon dioxide, and a small amount of other substances:

C (s) + O₂ (g) → CO₂ (g) + heat

• So in these cases, the cooking process is powered by the conversion of chemical energy to heat.

Important Points 

Let's go through the other options:

• Wind energy:
• ​Wind energy is harnessed from the movement of the wind, typically using wind turbines to generate electricity.
• While this energy could be used to cook food indirectly.
• For example, if the electricity from the wind turbines was used to power an electric stove), we don't directly use wind energy to cook food.
• Wind doesn't have the thermal energy required to raise the temperature of food to cooking levels.
• Electrical energy:
• ​As mentioned earlier, this is often used to cook food, particularly when using electric stoves, ovens, or microwaves.
• Electric energy is converted into thermal energy which is used to heat and cook the food.
• Mechanical energy:
• ​This is the energy associated with the motion or position of an object.
• In the context of cooking, we don't really use mechanical energy to cook food.
• While there might be some minor instances where mechanical energy is used in the process of cooking (like stirring or kneading), it's not the primary source of energy for the cooking process itself, which requires heat.
• Therefore, while electrical and chemical energy are often used in cooking, wind and mechanical energy are not typically used.

The correct asnwer is Oil and Natural Gas Corporation.

Key Points

• The government has finalized disinvestment for helicopter service provider Pawan Hans Ltd.
• An empowered cabinet group picked Star9 Mobility Private Ltd as the winner for buying a 51% stake in Pawan Hans.
• Pawan Hans provides air transport services for exploration activities of Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd.
• The federal government has a 51% stake in Pawan Hans, while ONGC holds 49%.

Additional Information

• Pawan Hans Limited is a government-owned helicopter service provider.
• ​Pawan Hans Limited​:
• Founded: 15 October 1985
• Headquarters: Noida
• Fleet size: 43
• Hub: Juhu Airport

The correct answer is P-waves.

Key Points

Earthquake: 

• An earthquake (also known as a quake, tremor, or temblor) is the shaking of the surface of the Earth resulting from a sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere that creates seismic waves
• There are two types of earthquake, 
• Body wave: 'P' wave and 'S' wave
• Surface wave: 'L' wave and 'R' wave

Additional Information

The correct answer is Shatrughan Sinha.

Key Points

• Shatrughan Sinha a famous Bollywood actor and a political leader of the All India Trinamool Congress (TMC), won the by-elections in April 2022 to become the Member of Parliament from Asansol, West Bengal​.
• This election was held after the seat became vacant due to the resignation of Babul Supriyo, a former BJP leader who had won the Asansol seat in the 2014 and 2019 Lok Sabha elections on a BJP ticket before switching to the TMC and resigning from his Lok Sabha seat.
• Shatrughan Sinha's victory in the by-elections has been described as a new lease of life in his political career.

Additional Information

• Shatrughan Sinha
• Born on 15 July 1946, Shatrughan Prasad Sinha started his political career with the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) in 1991.
• His first election was against the Bollywood actor Rajesh Khanna, which he lost.
• Despite this initial setback, he was given many important responsibilities within the party and was twice elected as a member of the Rajya Sabha from Bihar.
• He also served as the Health Minister in Atal Bihari Vajpayee's government​.

The correct answer is In 1927.

Key Points

• The Indian Olympic Association was established in 1927.
• In 1923–24, a provisional All India Olympic Committee was formed, which organized the All India Olympic Games in February 1924. Eight athletes from these Games were selected to represent India at the 1924 Paris Summer Olympics along with manager Harry Crowe Buck.
• This gave impetus to the development and institutionalization of sports in India, and, in 1927, the Indian Olympic Association (IOA) was formed, with Sir Dorabji Tata as its founding president and Dr. A.G. Nohran was there.
• The year in which it was formed in 1927, the Indian Olympic Association was officially recognized by the International Olympic Committee.

Additional Information

• India first participated in the Olympics in 1900 in Paris. The country was represented by Norman Pritchard, an Anglo Indian who was holidaying in Paris during that time.
• The seeds for the creation of an organization for coordinating the Olympic movement in India were related to India’s participation in the 1920 and 1924 Olympics, when Sir Dorabji Tata suggested the need for a Sports body at the National level for promoting Olympic Sport in united India.

The correct answer is 1956 - 61.

Key Points

• The duration of the second five-year plan was 1956–61.
• It was also called Mahalanobis Plan after the name of its architect.
• Rapid industrialization was the main objective of this plan.
• Imports were encouraged that later led to the emptying of forex reserves.
• The Agricultural sector was not given much importance.
• As a result of all this Shortage of food, the increased price of goods and capital shortage was observed.

Additional Information

• The five-year plans were one of the central plans.
• The plans were formulated and were financed by the central government.
• These were launched in 1951, with fist five-year plans covering the years 1951-56.
• There were three breaks in five-year plans during 1966-69, 1978-80, and 1991-92.
• During 1966-69, consequences of war, drought, and a misbalanced economy lead to the abandonment of a five-year plan and three annual plans were launched.
• The breaks of 1978-80 and 1991-92 were due to a change of government and economic crisis respectively.

The correct answer is Fourth.

Key Points

• Fourth Five-Year Plan (1969-74):
• The objectives of this plan were ‘Growth with Stability’ and ‘Progressive Achievement of Self-Reliance’.
• It aimed at a 5.5% average growth rate of the national income and also the provision of the national minimum for the weaker sections of the society
• However, another Indo-Pak war in 1971-72 created a financial crunch for the plan.

Additional Information

• Second Five-Year Plan (1956-61)
• The objective of the Second Plan was rapid industrialization, especially the development of heavy industries and capital goods.
• Professor Mahalanobis developed the plan.
• Third Five-Year Plan (1961-66)   
• The primary goal of the Third Plan was to establish India as a self-reliant and self-generating economy.
• However, the Second Plan slowed the rate of growth of agricultural production in the country which limited India’s economic development.
• Therefore, the Third Plan included agricultural development as one of its objectives to achieve balanced, regional development
• This plan had many misfortunes which drained the funds in the Indo-China war in 1961-62, the Indo-Pak war in 1965-66, and also a severe drought-led famine in 1965-66.
• Therefore, this plan could not meet its objectives.
• Fifth Five-Year Plan (1974-78)
• The objectives were the removal of poverty and the attainment of self-reliance.
• This was planned through the promotion of higher growth rates, better income distribution, and also a significant increase in the domestic rate of saving.
• It also focused on import substitution and export promotion.
• Further, it included a National Program on Minimum Needs like housing, drinking water, primary education, etc.
• The slogan of ‘Garibi Hatao’ or ‘Growth with Justice’ is used in this plan.

The correct answer is Anandiben Patel.

Key Points

• Anandiben Patel has been serving as the Governor of Uttar Pradesh since July 2019.
• She has had a significant political career and is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).

Additional Information 

• Arif Mohammad Khan is not the current Governor of Uttar Pradesh. He has been serving as the Governor of Kerala since September 2019.
• Ram Naik, a prominent figure in the Bharatiya Janata Party, has also served as the Governor of Uttar Pradesh. However, his term was from 2014 to 2019, making him a predecessor to Anandiben Patel in this role.
• Sudarshan Agrawal is noted for his tenure as the Secretary-General of the Rajya Sabha from 2002 to 2007.

The correct answer is Jan 28, 1950.​

Key Points

• Supreme Court is the Guardian and the guarantee of the constitution is mentioned in Article 124.
• Supreme Court is the Interpreter of the Constitution.
• Supreme Court is the Custodian of the Constitution.
• According to the Supreme Court, Article 32 is the heart and soul of the Constitution.
• Before 1950, Supreme Court was known as the Federal Court of India.
• The Federal Court of India was established on 1 October 1937.
• The tag line of the Supreme Court is Yato Dharmastato Jayaḥ.​

Additional Information

• A person can appeal in the High Court under Article 226.
• The Chief Justice of India is appointed by the President.
• The Supreme court consists of a maximum of 34 judges and it has extensive powers in the form of original, appellate, and advisory jurisdictions.
• It is regarded as the most powerful public institution in India.
• It safeguards the fundamental rights of citizens and settles disputes between various government authorities as well as the central government vs state governments or state governments versus another state government in the country.

The correct answer is Kud.​

Key Points

• Kud dance is a ritual to honour the Kul Devtas or Lok Devatas or the Gods of the people.
• Kud dance is another form of dance that is practised mainly near the middle mountain areas of Jammu and Kashmir.
• The people performing in the Kud dance are all locals who belong to the farmer class.
• The performers are not professional dancers but they are just the local people and almost all of them take part in the dance.
• It is performed by both men and women of all ages.​

Additional Information

Dances popular in Kashmir Region​

The Correct Answer is Energy of Asia.​

Key Points

• Asian Games, a multi-sport event for all Asian countries, is set to take place in the Indonesian cities of Jakarta and Palembang from August 18 to September 2, 2018.
• This is the 18^th edition of the tournament, which first began in 1951 in New Delhi, and it is set to host around 10,000 athletes in 40 sports from 45 countries.
• Indonesia hosted the Asian Games for the second time, after the Jakarta Asian Games in 1962, it is the first time that the games are being hosted by two cities together.
• Mascot-Bhin Bhin—a greater bird-of-paradise, Atung—a Bawean deer, and Kaka—a Javan rhinoceros, representing the Eastern, Central, and Western regions of Indonesia.

Additional Information 

• All About Asian Games 2018
• India competed at the 2018 Asian Games in Jakarta and Palembang, Indonesia, from 18^th August to 2^nd September.
• Neeraj Chopra was the flag bearer for the opening ceremony while Rani Rampal was named as the flag bearer for the closing ceremony.
• India ranked 8^th in the 2018 Asian Games Medal Table with 69 medals in total.
• China topped the medal tally with 132 Golds and a total of 289 Medals.
• Japanese swimmer Ikee Rikako has been named as the Most Valuable Player (MVP) of the recently-concluded 18^th edition of the Asian Games.
• The 18-year-old, who bagged six gold and two silver medals in the tournament, became the first female athlete to win the MVP title.

The correct answer is Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana.

Key Points

• Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana offers an overdraft (OD) facility up to Rs. 10,000 to eligible account holders.
• Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) is National Mission for Financial Inclusion to ensure access to financial services, namely, basic savings & deposit accounts, remittance, credit, insurance, pension in an affordable manner.
• Under the scheme, a basic savings bank deposit (BSBD) account can be opened in any bank branch or Business Correspondent (Bank Mitra) outlet, by persons not having any other account.
• Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana was announced by PM Narendra Modi on 15 August 2014 from the ramparts of the Red Fort and was launched on 28 August 2014.
• Guinness World Records has also recognized the achievements made under the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana. It has certified that most bank accounts opened in one week i. e.1^st week of its registration from 23 to 29 August 2014, as part of the Financial Inclusion Campaign is 18,096,130 and was achieved by the Department of Financial Services, Government of India.​

Additional Information

• Benefits offered to the PMJDY account holders are:
• One basic savings bank account is opened for an unbanked person.
• There is no requirement to maintain any minimum balance in PMJDY accounts.
• Interest is earned on the deposit in PMJDY accounts.
• Rupay Debit card is provided to the PMJDY account holder.
• Accident Insurance Cover of Rs.1 lakh (enhanced to Rs. 2 lakh to new PMJDY accounts opened after 28.8.2018) is available with a RuPay card issued to the PMJDY account holders.
• Life Insurance Cover of Rs. 30,000 to eligible PMJDY account holders who opened their account for the first time between 15.8.2014 to 31.1.2015 is available.
• An overdraft (OD) facility up to Rs. 10,000 to eligible account holders are available.
• PMJDY accounts are eligible for Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT), Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY), Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY), Atal Pension Yojana (APY), Micro Units Development & Refinance Agency Bank (MUDRA) scheme.​

The correct answer is Brihatratha.​

Key Points

• Brihadratha:
• Last Mauryan ruler.
• Assassinated by Pushyamitra Sunga and established his own Sunga dynasty.​

Additional Information

• Chandragupta Maurya (321 BCE - 297 BCE):
• Founder of the Maurya Dynasty and credited with the setting up of the first (nearly) pan-Indian empire.
• Known as Sandrakottos to the Greeks and Androkottus by Aerian and Plutark.
• Kautilya mentored Chandragupta and prepared him for a takeover of Magadha.
• Set up a vast centralized empire (details of whose functioning, society, military, and economy are well preserved in Kautilya's Arthashastra).
• Defeated the invading army of the Eastern part of Alexander's empire Seleucus (305 BCE).​
• Megasthenese was a Greek ambassador sent to the court of Chandragupta Maurya.
• Chandragupta in his later years accepted Jainism.
• Bindusara (297 BCE - 273 BCE):
• 2^nd Mauryan Emperor of India and he was the son of Chandragupta Maurya.
• Known as Amitrochates to the Greeks. In Jain texts, he was known as Simhasena.
• Antiochus sent Deimachus as an ambassador to Bindusara's court.
• Chanakya also remained the chief advisor of Bindusara.
• Bindusara was an able monarch who was successful in consolidating the empire established by his father.
• Bindusara patronized the Ajivikas.
• Ashoka the Great (268 BCE - 232 BCE):
• 3^rd king of the Mauryan Empire.
• He was known for:
• Renunciation of war after the Kalinga war.
• Development of the concept of Dhamma (pious social conduct, welfare of humanity).
• Promotion of Buddhism.
• Effective reign of a nearly pan-Indian political entity.
• Under Ashoka, the Mauryan Empire stretched from modern-day Iran through almost the entirety of the Indian subcontinent.
• Ashoka initially rules this vast empire through the political treatise's precepts known as the Arthashastra.
• In his inscriptions, he was called Devanampriya or Devanapiyadasi.​
• Most of the inscriptions were written in Prakrit language in Brahmi script except only two which was in Kharoshti script.
• In 1837, James Prinsep become the 1^st scholar who deciphered Ashoka's inscription.

The correct answer is Arunachal Pradesh.

Key Points

• As per the Census 2011, Arunachal Pradesh had the second lowest literacy rate in India with a rate of approximately 65.38%.
• Rajasthan, despite having a low literacy rate, was still higher than Arunachal Pradesh with a literacy rate of approximately 66.11%.
• Himachal Pradesh had a considerably higher literacy rate compared to both Rajasthan and Arunachal Pradesh, with approximately 82.80% of its population being literate.
• Mizoram had one of the highest literacy rates in the country.
• The literacy rate in Mizoram was around 91.58%, second only to Kerala.

Additional Information

• Important data related to the 2011 census:
• C M Chandramauli was the Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India for the 2011 Indian Census.
• Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state.
• Maharashtra is the second most populous state in India.
• The sex ratio in the country was is 943 females per 1000 males.
• Haryana has the lowest sex ratio with just 877 women per 1000 males.
• Bihar has the highest population density.
• The overall literacy rate in India is 74% according to the 2011 census.
• Bihar is the least literate state in India, with a literacy of 63.82%.
• Goa was the most urbanized state with 62.17% of the population living in urban areas.

The correct answer is clayey.

Key Points

• Clayey soil has a high proportion of fine particles and typically feels smooth and sticky to the touch when wet.
• Due to the fine particles, clayey soil has small pore spaces, which reduces the rate of water drainage and can lead to waterlogging.
• This type of soil is often rich in nutrients because it can retain water and dissolved nutrients very well, although its poor drainage can sometimes be detrimental to certain plants.
• Clayey soil is generally heavy and compact, making it harder to work with, especially when wet.
• However, when managed well, clayey soils can be very fertile and are suitable for crops like rice that require a lot of water.

Additional Information

The correct answer is 10 - 15.

Key Points

• Sekrenyi is the major festival of the Angami.
• It is a 10-day celebration that signifies purification and sanctification (before going to war).
• Two days before the main festival firewood is collected.
• On the next day, animals are hunted in preparation for the meal. The next day the main celebration starts.
• The males clean the wells outside the village at night in preparation for the first day, Zukhophe. Only young and pure bachelor boys are allowed to do this work.
• The most interesting part of the festival is thekra hie.
• The thekra is a part of the festival when the village's young people sit together and sing traditional songs throughout the day.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Pandit Birju Maharaj. 

Key Points

• Pandit Birju Maharaj is a globally renowned Kathak dancer and is considered a living legend in the field of Indian classical dance.
• He is also a skilled vocalist, percussionist, and composer.
• Born into the illustrious family of the Kalka-Bindadin gharana of Lucknow, he is the torchbearer of this lineage.
• He has received numerous awards and honours throughout his career for his exceptional contribution to Kathak dance.
• Sangeet Natak Akademi Award - 1962
• Padma Vibhushan - 1986
• Soviet Land Nehru Award.
• His notable students include some of the most prominent performers and Bollywood celebrities.

Additional Information

Given

Speed of boat in still water = 9 km/h

Speed of stream = 1.5 km/h

Distance = 105 km

Concept:

Time is calculated as distance/speed.

Calculation:

Time is taken to go upstream = Distance/Speed upstream

105 km/(9 km/h - 1.5 km/h) = 14 hours

Time is taken to come downstream = Distance/Speed downstream

105 km/(9 km/h + 1.5 km/h) = 10 hours

Total time is 14 + 10 = 24 hours.

∴ Option 2 is the correct answer.

Given

Cost of goods = ₹1,280

Loss on selling one-third of goods = 15%

Required overall gain = 15%

Formula Used:

Gain = SP - CP

Calculation:

⇒ Cost of 1/3 of goods = ₹1,280/3 = ₹426.67

⇒ Loss on this part = 15% of ₹426.67 = ₹64

⇒ So, remaining cost = ₹1,280 - ₹426.67 = ₹853.33

⇒ Overall gain required = 15% of ₹1,280 = ₹192

⇒ Therefore, the gain required on the remaining part

₹192 (overall required gain) + ₹64 (loss on first part) = ₹256

⇒ Gain percentage on the remaining part

(₹256/₹853.33) x 100% = 30 percent

Therefore, the remaining goods should be sold at a gain of 30 percent

Shortcut Trick

Net Selling Price can be calculated directly by multiplying the Marked Price with the respective discount multiplying factors.

Net SP = 18000 × 0.90 × 0.95 × 0.98

Net SP = 16200 × 0.95 × 0.98 = 15390 × 0.98 = 15082.20

∴ The correct answer is ₹15,082.20.

Alternate Method

Given:

Marked Price (MP) = ₹18,000

Successive Discounts = 10%, 5%, and 2%

Formula Used:

Net Selling Price = MP × (1 − D₁/100) × (1 − D₂/100) × (1 − D₃/100)

Calculation:

⇒ Net Selling Price = 18000 × (1 − 10/100) × (1 − 5/100) × (1 − 2/100)

⇒ Net Selling Price = 18000 × (90/100) × (95/100) × (98/100)

⇒ Net Selling Price = 18000 × (9/10) × (19/20) × (49/50)

⇒ Net Selling Price = 18000 × (8379 / 10000)

⇒ Net Selling Price = 1.8 × 8379

⇒ Net Selling Price = 15082.20

∴ The correct answer is ₹15,082.20.

Additional Information

Successive Discount Formula

For two successive discounts of a% and b%, the equivalent single discount is given by (a + b − ab/100)%.

Marked Price vs Selling Price

Marked Price (MP) is the maximum retail price displayed on the product. Selling Price (SP) is the amount at which the item is actually sold. SP = MP − Discount.

Discount Percentage Calculation

Discount is strictly calculated on the Marked Price of an article. Discount % = (Discount ÷ MP) × 100.

Shortcut Trick

Weight ratio of Alloy 1 and Alloy 2 = 14 : 21 = 2 : 3.

Sum of internal ratio parts for both alloys is equal (3 + 4 = 7 and 2 + 5 = 7).

Multiply the internal Copper and Gold ratios directly by the weight ratio parts.

Total Copper = (3 × 2) + (2 × 3) = 6 + 6 = 12.

Total Gold = (4 × 2) + (5 × 3) = 8 + 15 = 23.

∴ The correct answer is 12 : 23.

Alternate Method

Alloy 1: 14 kg Copper (Cu) = 6 kg Gold (Au) = 8 kg

Alloy 2: 21 kg Copper (Cu) = 6 kg Gold (Au) = 15 kg

New Mixture: 35 kg Total Cu = 6 + 6 = 12 kg Total Au = 8 + 15 = 23 kg

Given:

Ratio of Copper and Gold in Alloy 1 = 3 : 4

Total weight of Alloy 1 = 14 kg

Ratio of Copper and Gold in Alloy 2 = 2 : 5

Total weight of Alloy 2 = 21 kg

Calculations:

⇒ Total ratio parts in Alloy 1 = 3 + 4 = 7 parts

⇒ Quantity of Copper in Alloy 1 = (3 ÷ 7) × 14 = 6 kg

⇒ Quantity of Gold in Alloy 1 = (4 ÷ 7) × 14 = 8 kg

⇒ Total ratio parts in Alloy 2 = 2 + 5 = 7 parts

⇒ Quantity of Copper in Alloy 2 = (2 ÷ 7) × 21 = 6 kg

⇒ Quantity of Gold in Alloy 2 = (5 ÷ 7) × 21 = 15 kg

⇒ Total Copper in the new mixture = 6 kg + 6 kg = 12 kg

⇒ Total Gold in the new mixture = 8 kg + 15 kg = 23 kg

⇒ Required ratio of Copper to Gold = 12 : 23

∴ The correct answer is 12 : 23.

Additional Information

Equalising Ratios for Mixtures

When mixing two mixtures given in ratios, it is easiest to make the sum of the internal ratio parts equal first (if they are not already) before multiplying with the mixing weights. This avoids complex fraction calculations.

Alligation Method

A foundational rule that enables the calculation of the final ratio in which two or more ingredients of differing concentrations must be mixed to produce a mixture of a desired average concentration.

Compound Ratio

If two or more simple ratios are multiplied together, the resulting expression is called a compound ratio. For ratios a : b and c : d, the final compound ratio is expressed as (a × c) : (b × d).

Given Data:

P can complete the work in = 200 days

Q and R together can complete the work in = 100 days

P, Q, and R work together for = 40 days

P and R finish the remaining work in = 40 days

Concept:

This problem is related to work and time. The total work done is the product of the rate of work and the time.

Calculation:

Work done by P in 1 day = 1/200

⇒ Work done by Q and R in 1 day = 1/100

⇒ Work done by P, Q, and R in 40 days = 40 × (1/200 + 1/100) = 2/3 of the total work

⇒ Therefore, work done by P and R in 40 days = 1 - 2/3 = 1/3 of the total work

⇒ Work done by P and R in 1 day = (1/3)/40 = 1/120

⇒ So, work done by Q in 1 day = 1/100 - 1/200 = 1/200

⇒ Time taken by Q alone to do the work = 1/(1/200) = 200 days

Therefore, Q alone can do the total work in 200 days.

Shortcut Trick

Ratio of Marked Price (MP) to Cost Price (CP) = (100 + Profit%) : (100 − Discount%)

MP : CP = (100 + 10) : (100 − 10) = 110 : 90 = 11 : 9

New Selling Price (SP) at 25% discount = 11 × 0.75 = 8.25 units

Loss % = (9 − 8.25) / 9 × 100 = 0.75 / 9 × 100 = 75 / 9 % = 8.33%

∴ The correct answer is 8.33% loss.

Alternate Method

Given: First Discount = 10%, First Profit = 10%, Second Discount = 25%

Formula Used: CP = [ (100 − D%) / (100 + P%) ] × MP

⇒ Let Marked Price (MP) = 100 units

⇒ Case 1: SP = 100 − 10% of 100 = 90 units

⇒ Since Profit = 10%, CP = SP × [100 / (100 + P)] = 90 × (100 / 110) = 900 / 11 units

⇒ Case 2: New Discount = 25%, New SP = 100 − 25% of 100 = 75 units

⇒ Profit/Loss = New SP − CP = 75 − (900 / 11) = (825 − 900) / 11 = −75 / 11 units

⇒ Loss % = [ (75/11) / (900/11) ] × 100 = (75 / 900) × 100 = 75 / 9 = 8.33%

∴ The correct answer is 8.33% loss.

Additional Information

Relation between CP and MP

The direct ratio is CP/MP = (100 − D%)/(100 + P%). This is the most efficient way to solve mark-up and discount problems.

Successive Discounts

If two discounts d₁ and d₂ are given, the equivalent discount is (d₁ + d₂ − d₁d₂/100)%.

Mark-up Percentage

Mark-up % = [ (MP − CP) / CP ] × 100. It represents how much the price is increased above the cost price.

Given

Lengths to be measured = 8 m 75 cm, 1.75 m, 12 m 20 cm

Concept:

The concept of finding the greatest common divisor (GCD) is used here. The GCD of the given lengths will be the greatest length that can measure all of them exactly.

Calculation:

Convert all measurements to the same unit (cm): 875 cm, 175 cm, and 1220 cm.

⇒ Find GCD(875, 175, 1220) = 5 cm.

Therefore, the greatest possible length which can be used to measure exactly the lengths 8 m 75 cm, 1.75 m and 12 m 20 cm is 5 cm.

Given Data:

Interest rate = 20%

Number of years = 3

Each installment amount = ₹1,250

Concept:

This problem involves the concept of compound interest and annuity. The present value of the loan can be found by summing the present value of each installment.

Calculation:

The present value of each installment can be calculated using the formula PV = P / (1 + r)ⁿ, where PV is the present value, P is the installment, r is the interest rate, and n is the

number of years.

⇒ So, the present value of the loan = ₹1,250 / (1 + 20/100)¹ + ₹1,250 / (1 + 20/100)² + ₹1,250 / (1 + 20/100)³ ≈ ₹2,633.

Therefore, the money borrowed by Sohan was approximately ₹2,633.

Given Data:

Simple Interest and Compound Interest difference = Rs. 80

Time period = 2 years

Interest rate = 4% per annum

Concept:

The difference between compound interest and simple interest for 2 years can be found using the formula: CI - SI = P × (r/100)², where P is the principal amount, r is the rate of

interest, CI is the Compound Interest, and SI is the Simple Interest.

Calculation:

Using the formula, P × (r/100)² = CI - SI

⇒ Substitute the given values into the formula, P × (4/100)² = 80

Solving for P,

⇒ P = 80/(4/100)² = Rs. 50000  

Therefore, the sum is Rs. 50000.

Given Data:

Profit percentage = 6.4%

Selling price = ₹450

The marked price is 25% above the cost price

Concept:

The problem involves the concept of profit and discount percentage calculation. The cost price and marked price of the article can be determined using the given information.

Then the discount percentage can be calculated.

Calculation:

CP = ₹450/(1 + 6.4/100) = ₹423.08 

⇒ The Marked Price (MP) is 25% more than the CP, which gives

MP = ₹423.08 × (1 + 25/100) = ₹528.85

⇒ Discount percentage can be found by subtracting SP from MP and dividing by MP, then multiplying by 100, which gives

Discount% = ((₹528.85 - ₹450)/₹528.85) ×  100 = 14.9%

∴ The discount percent is closest to 15%.

Shortcut Trick

We know that

$\frac{MP}{CP}$ = $\frac{100 +P}{100-D}$

It is given that, MP of an article is 25% above its CP, and article is sold for ₹450 with a profit of 6.4%

Let the CP be 100 ⇒ SP = 125

$\frac{125}{100}$ = $\frac{100 +6.4}{100-D}$

⇒ 12500 - 125D = 10640

⇒ 125D = 1860

⇒ D = 14.88 ≈ 15%

Given Data:

Votes secured by B = 16,200

Percentage of votes by which B defeated A = 8%

Concept:

The total number of votes can be calculated considering that B won by 8% of total votes. Then, the votes that A received can be derived, and the difference between votes of A and B can be calculated.

Calculation:

Total number of votes be 100%

⇒ Votes secured by A be x%

⇒ Votes secured by B be (x + 8)%

According to question

⇒ Total votes = x + x + 8 = 100

⇒ 2x = 92

⇒ x = 46%

⇒ x + 8 = 54%

Votes secured by B be (x + 8)% = 54% = 16200

⇒ 1 % = 300

⇒ 8% = 2400

⇒ Difference between votes of A and B = Votes secured by B - Votes secured by A = 8% = 2400

Therefore, the difference in votes between A and B is 2400 votes.

Given Data:

Average of seven numbers = 70

Six numbers = 32, 69, 72, 65, 79, 48

Concept:

The total of seven numbers can be calculated by multiplying the average with 7. Subtracting the sum of given six numbers from this total gives the seventh number.

Calculation:

Total of seven numbers = Average × 7 = 70 ×  7 = 490.

⇒ Sum of given six numbers = 32 + 69 + 72 + 65 + 79 + 48 = 365.

⇒ Seventh number = Total - Sum of six numbers = 490 - 365 = 125. 

Therefore, the seventh number is 125.

Given Data:

Area of the triangle = 42 cm²

Perpendicular (height) = 10 cm

Concept:

The area of a right-angled triangle is 1/2 ×  base × height. The base of the triangle can be derived by rearranging this formula.

Calculation:

Base = 2Area/Height = (2× 42 cm²)/10 cm = 8.4 cm.

Therefore, the length of its base is 8.4 cm.

Given Data:

Three numbers: 3, 5, 9

Concept:

The fourth proportional to a, b, c is (b × c)/a. 

Calculation:

⇒ Fourth proportional = (5 × 9)/3 = 15.

Therefore, the fourth proportional to 3, 5, 9 is 15.

Given Data:

A solid sphere is cut into two equal halves.

Concept:

The total surface area of a sphere is 4πr², and

The total surface area of a hemisphere is 3πr².

Calculation:

The ratio of the total surface area of each hemisphere to that of the solid sphere = Surface area of hemisphere/Surface area of sphere = 3πr²/4πr² = 3/4.

Therefore, the ratio of the total surface area of each hemisphere to that of the solid sphere is 3 ∶ 4.

Given Data:

Two numbers: 256 and 484

Concept:

The mean proportional between a and b is √(a × b).

Calculation: ⇒ Mean proportional = √(256 × 484) = √123904 = 352.

Therefore, the mean proportional between 256 and 484 is 352.

Shortcut Trick

Relative Distance = Initial gap + Final gap = 35 + 40 = 75 m.

Relative Speed = Distance ÷ Time = 75 m ÷ 15 s = 5 m/s.

Convert m/s to km/h: 5 × (18/5) = 18 km/h.

Since the car overtakes the bus, Speed of Bus = Speed of Car − Relative Speed.

Speed of Bus = 70 − 18 = 52 km/h.

∴ The correct answer is 52 km/h.

Alternate Method

Given:

Speed of Car (S_c) = 70 km/h

Initial distance = 35 m | Final distance = 40 m | Time (t) = 15 seconds

Formula Used:

Relative Speed (Same direction) = S₁ − S₂

Distance = Speed × Time

Calculations:

⇒ Total relative distance covered = 35 + 40 = 75 m

⇒ Relative speed (V_rel) = Distance ÷ Time = 75 ÷ 15 = 5 m/s

⇒ Convert V_rel to km/h = 5 × (18/5) = 18 km/h

⇒ V_rel = S_car − S_bus

⇒ 18 = 70 − S_bus

⇒ S_bus = 70 − 18 = 52 km/h

∴ The correct answer is 52 km/h.

Additional Information

Relative Speed

When two objects move in the same direction, relative speed is S₁ − S₂. In opposite directions, it is S₁ + S₂.

Unit Conversion

To convert km/h to m/s, multiply by 5/18. To convert m/s to km/h, multiply by 18/5.

Overtaking Concept

Total distance covered relative to the other object is the sum of the initial gap and the final lead created.

Given:

A can do a piece of work in 18 days

B can do a piece of work in 12 days 

Formula Used:

Efficiency = Total work/No. of days

Calculation:

Total work be ( L.C.M of 18, 12) be 36 unit.

Efficiency of A  = work done by A in 1 day = 36/18 = 2 

Efficiency of B = work done by B in 1 day = 36/12 = 3

Now, work done in 2 days = 5 

So, in 7 pair of 2 days they will complete 7 × 5 = 35 unit of work 

In 14 days 35 unit of work is done 

Remaining work = (36 - 35 ) = 1 unit 

As, they work alternately with A as first .So, on 15^th day remaining 1 unit of work will be done by A in .5 day.

So, No. of days taken to complete the whole work = 14.5 days

Hence, A and B takes 14.5  days to complete the work.

Shortcut Trick

Let the total number of votes be 100%.

The margin of loss is given as 16%, so Party B's vote share = (100% − 16%) ÷ 2 = 42%.

We are given that 42% of total votes = 25200.

Party B lost by the difference of 16%.

Margin of loss = (25200 ÷ 42) × 16 = 600 × 16 = 9600 votes.

∴ The correct answer is 9600 votes.

Alternate Method

Given:

Difference in vote percentage between Party A and Party B = 16% of total votes

Votes secured by Party B = 25200

There are no invalid votes.

Calculations:

⇒ Let the total number of votes be 100%.

⇒ Votes of Party A − Votes of Party B = 16%

⇒ Votes of Party A + Votes of Party B = 100%

⇒ Substitute Party A's share: (Votes of Party B + 16%) + Votes of Party B = 100%

⇒ 2 × Votes of Party B = 100% − 16% = 84%

⇒ Votes of Party B = 42%

⇒ According to the question, 42% of Total Votes = 25200

⇒ 1% of Total Votes = 25200 ÷ 42 = 600

⇒ Party B lost by the difference in votes, which is exactly 16% of total votes.

⇒ Margin of loss = 16 × 600 = 9600 votes.

∴ The correct answer is 9600 votes.

Additional Information

Election Base Concept

In election problems, the total valid votes are always considered as 100%. If there are only two candidates and no invalid votes, the winner's percentage and loser's percentage will always sum up to exactly 100%.

Winning Margin

The margin by which a candidate wins or loses the election is given by the direct difference between their respective vote percentages. Winning Margin = Winner% − Loser%.

Invalid Votes Rule

When invalid votes are present, Total Cast Votes = Valid Votes + Invalid Votes. Candidates' shares are usually calculated as a percentage of valid votes, unless the question explicitly specifies it as a percentage of total registered voters.

Concept used:

$.BC\overline{DEF}$ = $\frac{BCDEF - BC}{99900}$

Calculation:

$.45\overline{235}$

⇒ $\frac{45235-45}{99900}$

⇒ $\frac{45190}{99900}$

⇒ $\frac{4519}{9990}$

∴ The correct answer is $\frac{4519}{9990}$.

The correct answer is: 'Option 1: serious'

Key Points

• The word 'comical' (हास्यप्रद) refers to something that is intended to be humorous or funny.
• For example: "The play was a comical take on modern society."
• 'Serious' (गंभीर), the correct antonym, refers to something grave, important or significant.
• Example sentence: "His comments raised serious concerns about the project."

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 1: serious'

Additional Information

• 'Prone' (प्रवृत्त) often refers to a tendency or inclination towards something.
• 'Curious' (उत्सुक) means eager to know or learn something.
• 'Peculiar' (विचित्र) means strange or odd; unusual.

The correct answer: 'Option 3: Supercede'

 Key Points

• 'Supercede' is a common misspelling. The proper spelling is 'supersede' (बदल देना).
• For example: "The government's policy has been superseded by a new approach."
• 'Flimsy' (दुर्बल), 'Etiquette' (शिष्टाचार) and 'Intercede' (हस्तक्षेप करना) are all correctly spelled and are excluded from this context.

Therefore, the erroneous spelling is: Supercede'

Additional Information

• 'Flimsy' (दुर्बल) often refers to something that is inadequate in quantity, size, or intensity.
• 'Etiquette' (शिष्टाचार) refers to polite behavior in society.
• 'Intercede' (हस्तक्षेप करना) is to intervene or mediate.

The correct answer: 'Option 3: produces'

Key Points

• 'Yields' (उपज) refers to the production or generation of something, especially in terms of agriculture.
• Example: "The castle's fields yield a significant amount of wheat each year."
• 'Produces' (उत्पादित करना), the correct synonym, also has the same meaning.
• Example: "The factory produces thousands of units daily."

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 3: produces'

Additional Information

• 'Touches' (स्पर्श करता है) can refer to coming into or having direct contact with something.
• 'Subdues' (वश में कर लेना) means to conquer or bring under control.
• 'Meets' (मिलता है) often refers to coming into the presence or company of someone by chance or arrangement.

The correct answer is "Option 4: doesn't she".

 Key Points

• The sentence "Nishtha writes very well" is in the Present Tense.
• To form a question (tag question specifically) from this sentence, we have to stick with the present tense.
• We use "doesn't she" as it is the present tense to match the sentence and because we are referring to 'she'.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 4: doesn't she".

Additional Information

• "isn't it" would be used for statements that are universal truths or general opinions.
• "wasn't it" would be used for statements referring to the past.
• "doesn't it" would be used for statements about a thing or an object, not about a person.

The correct answer is: 'Option 4: Resilient'

Key Points

• 'Brittle' (नाज़ुक) refers to something that has a hard but liable to break or shatter easily.
• For example: "Glass is a brittle material."
• 'Resilient' (मजबूत), the correct antonym, refers to the ability to withstand or recover quickly from difficult conditions, also suggests flexibility.
• For example: "Rubber is a resilient material."

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 4: Resilient'

Additional Information

• 'Delicate' (सूक्ष्म) often describes something that is fine in texture or structure and needs careful handling.
• 'Bitter' (कड़वा) describes something with a sharp, pungent taste or smell.
• 'Attractive' (आकर्षक) refers to something pleasing or appealing to the senses.

Correct Answer: 'Option 4: To praise oneself'

Key Points

• 'Blow one's own trumpet' (स्वयं की प्रशंसा करना) means self-praise or to boast about one's own achievements.
• For example: "He always blows his own trumpet about how much money he earns."
• 'To praise oneself' (स्वयं की स्तुति करना), the correct meaning, explains the idea of self-applause or self-commendation.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 4: To praise oneself'

Additional Information

• 'To be very keen' (बहुत उत्साही होना) shows enthusiasm or intense desire.
• 'To be confused' (भ्रमित होना) means not able to think clearly or understand something.
• 'To disgrace oneself' (स्वयं को अपमानित करना) means to lose honor or respect.

Correct Answer: 'Option 1: Brilliant'

Key Points

• 'Dazzling' (चकाचौंध) refers to something extremely impressive, beautiful, or skillful.
• For example: "She gave a dazzling performance."
• 'Brilliant' (शानदार) is used to describe something exceptionally clever or talented.
• For example: "She was a brilliant scientist."

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 1: Brilliant'

Additional Information

• 'Drizzly' (फुहार बरसने वाला) is used to describe light rain falling in very fine drops.
• 'Murky' (अंधकारमय) refers to something dark and gloomy, especially due to thick mist.
• 'Dull' (नीरस) often describes something not shiny, or lacking interest or excitement.

The correct answer is "Option 3: I writing".

Key Points

• The phrase "I writing" is incorrect as it does not follow proper verb tense usage.
• The correct phrase would be "I was writing" because when two actions were happening simultaneously in the past, the past continuous tense is used for both actions.
• The rest of the sentence is grammatically correct.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 3: I writing".

Additional Information

• The segments "a book", "cooked the food," and "While my wife," do not contain errors and are grammatically correct.
• Hence, the rest of the options are incorrect.

Correct Answer: 'Option 3: encasement'

 Key Points

• 'Cocoon' (कोकून, सुरक्षा) in this context refers to a protective or comforting cover or environment created by an individual.
• For example: "He created a cocoon of serenity in his meditation room."
• 'Encasement' (घेरा) is a synonym that can replace 'cocoon', referring to a protective layer or covering.
• For example: "The delicate equipment was kept in an encasement to avoid damage."

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 3: encasement'

Additional Information

• 'Bundle' (गुच्छा) refers to a group of things that are tied or otherwise fastened together.
• 'Fabric' (वस्त्र) refers to cloth or textile material.
• 'Downy' (मुलायम) refers to a soft, fluffy texture or quality.

Correct Answer**: 'Option 3: Technike'**

Key Points

• 'Technike' is a misspelling. The correct spelling is 'technique' (तकनीक).
• For example: "The artist has a unique painting technique."
• 'Garrulous', 'Simultaneous', 'Reluctant' are all spelled correctly and aren't relevant for this particular question.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 3: Technike'

Additional Information

• 'Garrulous' (बकबाक) means excessively talkative, especially on trivial matters.
• 'Simultaneous' (समकालिक) refers to events or processes happening or done at the same time.
• 'Reluctant' (अनिच्छुक) describes someone unwilling and hesitant; disinclined.

Correct Answer**: 'Option 3: lent'**

Key Points

• 'Borrowed' (उधार लिया) refers to take and use (something belonging to someone else) with the intention of returning it.
• For example: "I borrowed some sugar from my neighbor."
• 'Lent' (उधार दिया) is the correct antonym, it means grant to (someone) the use of (something) on the understanding that it will be returned.
• For example: "I lent my friend a book."

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 3: lent'

 Additional Information

• 'Reckoned' (गणना) refers to established by calculation.
• 'Beguiled' (मोहित) generally refers to charm or enchant (someone), often in a deceptive way.
• 'Beget' (उत्पन्न करना) means bring (a child) into existence by the process of reproduction.

The correct answer is "Option 2: call off".

Key Points

• The phrase "call off" is the correct term meaning to cancel something.
• It fits grammatically and contextually in the blank space.
• The reason given for the manager's decision, namely, many members not being present, aligns logically with the action of cancelling (calling off) the meeting.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 2: call off".

 Additional Information

• "cut down" generally means to reduce the size, number, or amount of something, which doesn't fit in this context.
• "call on" means to choose or select (a juror or witness) to take part in a trial, or to visit someone.
• "carry on" means to continue or proceed as before.

Correct Answer: 'Option 4: Denounce'

 Key Points

• 'Applaud' (ताली बजाना/सराहना करना) means show approval, praise, or give applause.
• For example,: "The audience applauded the performance."
• 'Denounce' (निंदा करना), the correct antonym, means condemn openly or publicly.
• For example: "He denounced the government's actions."

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 4: Denounce'

Additional Information

• 'Commend' (सराहना करना) often refers to praise officially or publicly.
• 'Magnify' (बड़ा करना) could mean make (something) appear larger than it is, especially with a lens or microscope.
• 'Approve' (स्वीकृति देना) indicates you have a favorable view of something.

The correct answer is "Option 4: cries over spilt milk".

Key Points

• The expression "cries over spilt milk" is an idiom that means to express regret about something that has already happened or cannot be changed.
• Given that the person in the sentence is described as regretting uselessly, this idiom fits the context properly.
• The fact that the person is never on time and missed the flight is a situation that cannot be changed, hence, it's like 'crying over spilt milk'.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 4: cries over spilt milk".

 Additional Information

• "Cries wolf" is an idiom referring to raising a false alarm.
• "Finds fault with" means to criticize or complain about something.
• "Cries for the moon" means to yearn for the unattainable.

The correct answer is "Option 2: to ensure our safety".

Key Points

• Using a VPN (Virtual Private Network) helps to ensure safety by obscuring the user's identity, hence the appropriate phrase would be "to ensure our safety"
• "Ensure" is the appropriate word here as it means to make something certain to happen, which aligns more accurately with the purpose of a VPN providing safety to its users.
• This phrase correctly captures the intended meaning of the sentence and fits both grammatically and contextually.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 2: to ensure our safety".

 Additional Information

• "To derogate our safety" and "To rationalise our safety" are incorrect because they change the meaning of the sentence, and doesn't align with the context of using a VPN.
• "To improve our safety" could be a possible substitute, but "ensure" is more specific and closely relates to what a VPN does.

The correct answer is "Option 4: to cry".

Key Points

• The usage of the verb in the infinitive form "to cry" is appropriate in this context as it denotes an action that the subject (Munoo) began or commenced.
• "Begins to" is a common phrase used to indicate the start of an action, thus forming a sentence that is meaningful and grammatically correct.
• This matches the rest of the verbs used in the following sentences which are in the past tense, making the story internally consistent.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 4: to cry".

Additional Information

• "Cry" and "cried" would result in a sentence that is grammatically incorrect as they do not fit correctly after "began"
• "Having cried" introduces an action that was completed prior to the time of the main verb ("began") and would potentially change the intended meaning of the sentence by implying that Munoo had already finished crying at the time he was beginning something.

The correct answer is "Option 4: punishment".

Key Points

• The term "punishment" fits perfectly in the sentence, suggesting that Munoo feels that the man on the steel horse caused him some form of distress or punishment.
• A noun is required to fit grammatically in the given sentence structure as it is referring to a consequence (punishment) experienced by Munoo caused by the fellow on the steel horse.
• It also creates a logical narrative context with Munoo feeling resentful and disheartened, suggesting an adverse experience or "punishment".

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 4: punishment".

Additional Information

• "Have punished", "be punished", and "having punish" are all verb forms, and they would not fit the sentence contextually or grammatically as a noun is needed after "his".
• Furthermore, these three options would change the tense of the sentence which would disrupt its coherence with the subsequent text.

The correct answer is "Option 3: that strayed".

Key Points

• The word "that" is used to refer to the calf, a non-human entity in the sentence.
• The phrasal verb "strayed" suggests wandering or moving away from where it's supposed to be, which creates a logical cause of the described collision.
• The structure is grammatically correct and the phrase "that strayed" properly tells us more about the calf's actions leading up to its collision with the man on the steel horse.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 3: that strayed".

 Additional Information

• "Whom strayed about" and "whose strayed about" are incorrect as they use pronouns typically used for human references and not appropriate for referring to a calf in this context.
• "Who strayed about" is incorrect as "who" is not the correct relative pronoun to use when referring to animals.

Correct Answer: Option 2, "one eye on his uncle".

Key Points

• 'Option 2' suggests Munoo's need to watch his uncle closely, indicating caution or concern.
• This option uses a common metaphor of keeping an "eye on" something, meaning constant surveillance.
• The narrative context supports this selection as Munoo is resentful towards his uncle in a chaotic setting.
• The phrase 'one eye on his uncle' is grammatically and contextually fitting.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 2', "one eye on his uncle".

Additional Information

• 'Option 1', 'Option 3', and 'Option 4' are incorrect due to improper use of prepositions in this context which distort the intended meaning.

Correct Answer: Option 2, "had called".

Key Points

• Option 2, "had called" is correct. The passage primarily appears to be in the past tense, and therefore, "had called", which is past perfect, aligns best with the temporal context.
• The past perfect tense is used to indicate a past event that occurred prior to another past event. In this context, the 'juggler' must have referred to the 'steel horse' as a 'bicycle' before Munoo used it in his thought process.
• The embedding of this 'calling' action within the overall past narrative necessitates the use of 'had called', to convey the order of events correctly.
• Not only does 'had called' honor the tense agreement in this context, it also accurately describes the action of the 'juggler' which occurred before the present moment in the narrative.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 2', "had called".

Additional Information

• 'Option 1', 'have been called', and 'Option 3', 'has called', are both in present perfect tense, which doesn’t fit along with the past tense narrative.
• 'Option 4', 'had been called', is passive and would imply the 'steel horse' was called a 'bicycle' by someone else, which the context does not support here.

'जिसके पार देखा जा सके' वाक्‍यांश के लिए एक शब्‍द पारदर्शक है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points

• 'जिसके पार देखा जा सके' - पारदर्शक। ​

Important Points 

Additional Information 

"सब ही भाग्य को रोते हैं।" यह वाक्‍य करण कारक का उदाहरण नहीं है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points

• वाक्‍य- सब ही भाग्‍य को रोते हैं।
• यह वाक्‍य कर्म कारक है।
• कर्म कारक- जिस संज्ञा या सर्वनाम पर कर्ता द्वारा किए गए क्रिया का प्रभाव पड़ता हैं उसे कर्म कारक कहते है। इसकी विभक्ति 'को' होती है।
• अन्‍य सभी व‍िकल्‍पों में द‍िए गए वाक्‍य करण कारक के हैं।
• करण कारक- संज्ञा आदि शब्दों के जिस रूप से क्रिया के करने के साधन का बोध हो अर्थात् जिसकी सहायता से कार्य संपन्न हो वह करण कारक कहलाता है। इसके विभक्ति 'से' के 'द्वारा' है।

Additional Information

उपरोक्‍त वाक्‍य में रेखांक‍ित शब्‍द 'इंद्र' का उचित पर्यायवाची सुरेश है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं।

Key Points

• वाक्‍य- भगवान इंद्र स्वर्ग के राजा हैं।
• इस वाक्‍य में रेखांकित शब्‍द इंद्र का सही पर्यायवाची सुरेश है।
• इंद्र के अन्‍य पर्यायवाची- सुरेश, अमरपति, अमरनाथ, पुरंदर, देवपति, सुरपति, देवेन्द्र आद‍ि।

अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प-

"डालना" शब्‍द का प्रयोग पट के ल‍िए नहीं होता है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points

• डालना का अर्थ- किसी चीज़ में मिलाना या गिराना।
• किवाड़, वस्त्र, पर्दा आद‍ि सभी शब्‍दों का प्रयोग पट के ल‍िए क‍िया जाता है।

Additional Information कुछ अन्‍य अनेकार्थी शब्‍द- 

• अदृष्ट – जो देखा न जाए, भाग्य, गुप्त, रहस्य।
• अक्षर – अविनाशी, वर्ण, ईश्वर, आत्मा, आकाश, धर्म, तप।
• अब्धि – सागर, समुद्र।
• अंतर – हृदय, भेद, फर्क, व्यवधान, अवधि, अवसर।
• अमर – ईश्वर, देवता, शाश्वत, आकाश और धरती के मध्य में।
• अधर – होंठ, नीचे, पराजित।

"अभूतपूर्व- जो पहले घटित न हुआ हो" कहलाता है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points

• जो पहले घटित न हुआ हो- अभूतपूर्व।

​​अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प- 

Important Points 

'जिस पेड़ के पत्ते झड़ गए हों' वाक्‍यांश के लिए एक शब्‍द अपर्ण है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points

• 'जिस पेड़ के पत्ते झड़ गए हों' - अपर्ण।

​अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प- 

Important Points 

वाक्य के रिक्त स्थान के ल‍िए उपयुक्त मुहावरा "भीगी बिल्ली बन" होगा। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points

• वाक्‍य- ‘अध्यापक को देखते ही वह भीगी बिल्ली बन गया।'
• वाक्‍य के र‍िक्‍त स्‍थान की पूर्ति के ल‍िए सही मुहावरा भीगी बिल्ली बन होगा।

Important Points कुछ अन्‍य महत्‍वपूर्ण मुहावरे- 

Additional Information 

जो परिश्रम करते हैं, वे सपल होते हैं। इस वाक्‍य में अशुद्ध वर्तनी शब्‍द ''सपल'' है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points

• जो परिश्रम करते हैं, वे सपल होते हैं। इस वाक्‍य में सफल शब्‍द की वर्तनी अशुद्ध है।
• सही वाक्‍य- जो परिश्रम करते हैं, वे सफल होते हैं।

Important Points 

Additional Information वाक्‍य में अशुद्धियाँ- ​

• वाक्‍य सम्‍प्रेषण की सबसे महत्‍वपूर्ण और सार्थक इकाई है अत: वाक्‍यगत अशुद्धियों को शुद्ध रूप में लिखना वाक्‍य को अधिक सरल बनाता है।
• वाक्‍य में पदक्रम, पुनरावृत्ति, वर्तनी, शब्‍द-अर्थ, संज्ञा, सर्वनाम, लिंग, वचन, क्रिया, विशेषण, क्रिया-विशेषण आदि अशुद्धियॉं हो सकती हैं।

"वह अब धीरे-धीरे चलेगा।" यह वाक्‍य क्रिया-व‍िशेषण का है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points

• वाक्‍य- वह अब धीरे-धीरे चलेगा।
• यह वाक्‍य क्रि‍या-व‍िशेषण का है।
• इस वाक्‍य में धीरे-धीरे क्रि‍या-व‍िशेषण शब्‍द है।