SSC GD Constable (2022) Official Paper (Held On : 02 Feb 2023 Shift 2) (Previous Year Paper)

Logic :- (1) is added to the position value according to English alphabetic series. ​

So,

Hence, the correct answer is "KMOQ".

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as shown below :

Conclusions:

I. All apples are plums → Follow (As all apples are bananas and all bananas are plums. So, as whole apples comes in bananas which whole comes in plums therefore it is definitely true)

II. All grapes are plums → Follow (As all grapes are bananas and all bananas are plums. So, as whole grapes comes in bananas which whole comes in plums therefore it is definitely true)

III. Some grapes are bananas → Follow (As all grapes are bananas. So, as whole grapes comes in bananas therefore it is definitely true)

∴ Here, all conclusions follow.

Hence, the correct answer is "All conclusions follow".

According to the sequence in the dictionary:

2. grate
3. great
4. green
5. greet
6. groom

Hence, the correct option is "2,5,1,3,4".

Given statement : 77 ÷ 7 − 2 × 3 + 3 = 4

According to the question, after interchanging the numbers :

So,

• Option - (1) : 3 and 77

77 ÷ 7 − 2 × 3 + 3 = 4 ⇒ 3 ÷ 7 − 2 × 77 + 3 = 4

0.42 − 2 × 77 + 3 = 4

0.42 + 3 - 154 = 4

3.42 - 154 = 4

-150.58 ≠ 4 (LHS ≠ RHS)

• Option - (2) : 3 and 7

77 ÷ 7 − 2 × 3 + 3 = 4 ⇒ 77 ÷ 3 − 2 × 7 + 3 = 4

25.67 − 2 × 7 + 3 = 4

25.67 + 3 - 14 = 4

28.67 - 14 = 4

14.67 ≠ 4 (LHS ≠ RHS)

• Option - (3) : 2 and 4

77 ÷ 7 − 2 × 3 + 3 = 4 ⇒ 77 ÷ 7 − 4 × 3 + 3 = 2

11 − 4 × 3 + 3 = 2

11 + 3 - 12 = 2

14 - 12 = 2

2 = 2 (LHS = RHS)

• Option - (4) : 2 and 7

77 ÷ 7 − 2 × 3 + 3 = 4 ⇒ 77 ÷ 2 − 7 × 3 + 3 = 4

38.5 − 7 × 3 + 3 = 4

38.5 + 3 - 21 = 4

35.5 - 21 = 4

14.5 ≠ 4 (LHS ≠ RHS)

Hence, "Option - (3)" is the correct answer.

Given :

• Kirti, Suman, Shubh, Kanak, Pari, Charu, Shlok and Shivi are sitting around a square table facing towards the center of the table.
• Some of them are sitting at the corners, while some are sitting right in the middle of the sides.

Explanation : 

1) Kirti is sitting third to the left of Shubh.

2. Kirti is sitting at one of the corners.

3) Pari is not sitting at any corner.

4. Pari is not sitting immediately next to Kirti.

5) Kanak is sitting second to the right of Pari.

6) Suman is sitting immediately next to Charu.

7. Suman is not sitting exactly in the middle of any side.

8. Only three persons sit between Suman and Shlok.

As after positioning Charu, Suman and Shlok only one position is left which will be occupied by the only person left i.e Shivi.

Here, according to the final arrangement Shlok is sitting second to the right of Shivi.

Hence, "Shlok" is the correct answer.

Logic : Mode of transportation : Path or surface on which transportation vehicle moves

So,

• A train runs on a track.

Similarly,

• A car runs on a road.

Hence, "Road" is the correct answer.

Additional Information

• Bus → It is a mode of transportation which runs on a road.
• Tyre → It is a part of various transportation vehicle.
• Road → It is a path or surface on which various transportation vehicles moves.
• Petrol → It is a medium by which various transportation vehicle moves.

Logic :(3) is subtracted from the sum of the position values according to the English alphabetic series in the given word.

​So,

• 'TEA' is written as '23'

​

​And,

• 'SKY' is written as '52'

​Similarly,

• 'JAM' will be written as :

Hence, "21" is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is :-

From the given three different cubes, figure 1 and figure 3 ,the adjacent sides are as shown below :

As 6 is common on both figure 1 and figure 3, it is clear that 2, 3, 4 and 5 are adjacent to it, and the remaining number i.e., 1 will be opposite to it.

Opposite pairs:

1 → 6

2 → 5

3 → 4

So, the opposite side of "6" will be side "1".

Hence, the correct answer is "1".

Given : 

So, after interchanging the signs :

• Option - (1) :

96 ÷ 3 + 56 × 16 - 5 = 45 ⇒ 96 + 3 - 56 ÷ 16 × 5 = 45

96 + 3 - 3.5 × 5 = 45

96 + 3 - 17.5 = 45

99 - 17.5 = 45

82.5 ≠ 45 (LHS ≠ RHS)

• Option - (2) :

20 + 44 ÷ 11 × 3 - 9 = 30 ⇒ 20 - 44 + 11 ÷ 3 × 9 = 30

20 - 44 + 3.67 × 9 = 30

20 + 33.03 - 44 = 30

53.03 - 44 = 30

9.03 ≠ 30 (LHS ≠ RHS)

• Option - (3) :

108 + 3 - 36 × 6 ÷ 15 = 105 ⇒ 108 - 3 × 36 ÷ 6 + 15 = 105

108 - 3 × 6 + 15 = 105

108 + 15 - 18 = 105

123 - 18 = 105

105 = 105 (LHS = RHS)

• Option - (4) :

15 - 6 × 15 + 80 ÷ 2 = 25 ⇒ 15 × 6 ÷ 15 - 80 + 2 = 25

15 × 0.4 - 80 + 2 = 25

6 + 2 - 80 = 25

8 - 80 = 25

-72 ≠ 25 (LHS ≠ RHS)

Hence, "Option - (3)" is the correct answer.

Logic : Organism : Larval stage of that organism

So,

• Tadpole is the larval stage of frog.

Similarly,

• Larva is larval stage of insect.

Hence, "Larva" is the correct answer.

Additional Information

• Bird → Chick is the larval stage of bird.
• Mosquito → Larva is larval stage of mosquito.
• Larva → It is a young wingless often wormlike form that hatches from the egg of many insects.
• Cow → Calf is the larval stage of cow.

Logic :

• First three letters → Written diagonally.
• Last three letters → Written diagonally.

​​So,

• ‘SQUARE’ is written as ‘UQSERA’

​ 

​And,

• ‘CIRCLE’ is written as ‘RICELC’

​ 

​Similarly,

• ‘EQUATE’ is written as :

​ 

Hence, "UQEETA" is the correct answer.

Logic : (1st number + 3) ÷ 8 = 2nd number

So,

• 53 : 7

(53 + 3) ÷ 8 = 7

56 ÷ 8 = 7

7 = 7 (LHS = RHS)

And,

• 77 : 10

(77 + 3) ÷ 8 = 10

80 ÷ 8 = 10

10 = 10 (LHS = RHS)

Similarly,

• 69 : ?

(69 + 3) ÷ 8 = ?

72 ÷ 8 = ?

9 = ?

Hence, "9" is the correct answer.

Given : L, M, N, O, P, Q, and R are sitting in a row facing east.

Explanation : 

1) Q sits at one of the ends of the row and P sits immediately adjacent to it on the right.

2) L is sitting between M and N.

3) O is sitting immediate right to N.

As position of N is not known yet therefore, therefore there are two possible position for O.

As After positioning L, M, N and O only one position is left which will be occupied by the only person left i.e R.

Here, according to the final arrangement R is sitting at the right end of the row.

Hence, "R" is the correct answer.

Logic : Double addition pattern is followed with common difference of consecutive multiples of (5).

Hence, "550" is the correct answer.

Given:

• The image must not to be rotated

 

Hence, the correct answer is "Option - (1)".

Given :

Statement given : A $ B = C & D

So,

• A $ B → A is the mother of B.

• B = C → B is the father of C.

• C & D → C is the sister of D.

​

Thus, according to the final family tree C is the granddaughter of A.

Hence, "Grand daughter" is the correct answer.

The figure that will replace the question mark (?) in the following figure series is shown below:

Step 1) → Two pattern followed here.

• Letters 'A', 'R' and 'T' shifts diagonally.
• Letters 'S' and 'D' interchanges position.

 

Step 2) → Letters 'A', 'S', 'T' and 'D' shifts in the anti-clockwise direction.

Step 3) → Same pattern as in step - (1).

Step 4) → Same pattern as in step - (2).

Final series is

Hence, ‘option - (2)’ is the correct answer.

Logic : (23) is added to each number in the given series. 

Hence, "179" is the correct answer.

The correct mirror image of the given figure when mirror is placed at MN is as shown below:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option - (4)".

Logic :- (2), (4) and (6) is added to the first, second and third letter's position value according to English alphabetic series respectively. ​

So,

Hence, the correct answer is "ZQN".

The correct answer is Calcium Sulphate Hemihydrate.

Key PointsPlaster of Paris/Calcium Sulphate Hemihydrate (CaSO₄·1/2H₂O):

• It is a white powdery substance that is commonly used in the medical field for casting broken bones.
• It is created by heating gypsum, a mineral found in sedimentary rocks.
• When mixed with water, it forms a paste that hardens quickly and is used in construction for creating molds and sculptures.
• It is also used in the food industry as a coagulant for tofu and as a calcium supplement in certain types of bread.

Additional Information

• Calcium hypochlorite (Ca(ClO)₂):
• It is a white solid, although commercial samples appear yellow.
• It is commonly used to sanitize public swimming pools and disinfect drinking water.
• Calcium carbonate (CaCO₃):
• Similar to the minerals calcite and aragonite, it is a common component found in rocks, particularly in chalk and limestone, eggshells, gastropod shells, shellfish skeletons, and pearls.
• It is the primary component of agricultural lime and is created when carbonate ions and calcium ions in hard water combine to form limescale.
• It has medical use as a calcium supplement or as an antacid.
• Calcium oxide (CaO):
• It is commonly known as quicklime or burnt lime.
• It is a white, caustic, alkaline, crystalline solid at room temperature.
• It is used in the production of cement, paper, and steel.

Important Points

Some Common Names of Chemical Compounds:

The correct answer is one.

Key Points

• National income of a country means the sum total of incomes earned by the citizens of that country during a given period, over a year.
• The time period taken into account in calculating national income is usually one year or a fiscal year, which is the period for which a company or government prepares its financial statements.
• However, in some cases, a longer period of two years is taken into account to account for fluctuations in economic activity due to seasonal factors, natural disasters, or other exceptional events.
• This longer period helps to smooth out the impact of short-term fluctuations and provides a more accurate picture of the overall economic performance of the country.
• National income is an important indicator of a country's economic performance and is used by policymakers, investors, and analysts to make decisions about economic policies and investments.

Additional Information

• National income is calculated using various methods, such as the output method, income method, and expenditure method.
• The output method measures national income by adding up the value of all goods and services produced in the country, while the income method measures it by adding up all the income earned by individuals and businesses in the country.
• The expenditure method measures national income by adding up all the spending on goods and services by households, businesses, and the government.
• The income method measures all the income earned by all the factors of production in an economy.

The correct answer is Bharatiya Janata Party.

Key Points

• Bhavya Bishnoi:
• He is a Member of Legislative Assembly (MLA) from Adampur, Haryana, and was elected in November 2022.
• He is a politician from the Bharatiya Janata Party.
• He is the youngest Member of the Haryana Legislative Assembly

Additional Information

• Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP): 
• In India, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) is a significant political party.
• The Bharatiya Jana Sangh, founded in 1951 by Syama Prasad Mookerjee, is where the BJP got its start.
• The Jana Sangh combined with a number of other parties to establish the Janata Party following the declaration of a state of emergency in 1977.
• In 1980, the Janata party came to an end after three years in office, and the former Jana Sangh members got back together to form the BJP.
• After the 1998 general election, the BJP-led coalition known as the National Democratic Alliance (NDA) formed a government under Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee for a year.
• Since 2014, it has been the ruling political party in India under the incumbent Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
• The Indian National Congress (INC):
• Retired British Indian Civil Service (ICS) officer Allan Octavian Hume founded the Indian National Congress to form a platform for civil and political dialogue among educated Indians.
• It was established on December 28th, 1885, with the presence of 72 delegates at the Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College in Mumbai, then known as Bombay.
• Prominent delegates included Dadabhai Naoroji, Surendranath Banerjee, Badruddin Tyabji, Pherozeshah Mehta, W. C. Bonnerjee, S. Ramaswami Mudaliar, S. Subramania Iyer, and Romesh Chunder Dutt.
• Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee became its first president.
• Communist Party of India (CPI):
• It is a left-wing political party in India, founded in 1920 in Tashkent (now the capital of Uzbekistan).
• M.N. Roy was the first elected Commintern leader.
• The CPI was formally founded in 1925 at the Indian Communist Conference in Kanpur.
• It declared that revolution would be used to build socialism in India.
• Ideological differences led to the split in the party in 1964 when two different party conferences were held, one of CPI and one of the Communist Party of India (Marxist).
• Nationalist Congress Party (NCP):
• It was formed on 10 June 1999, by Sharad Pawar, P. A. Sangma, and Tariq Anwar after they were expelled from the Indian National Congress (INC).
• In general, the party is in favor of Gandhian secularism and Indian nationalism.
• It is the main political party in Kerala, Maharashtra, and Nagaland, as well as one of the state parties in India.

• • icGThe correct answer is 87.58 m.

Key Points

• Neeraj Chopra won the gold medal in the javelin throw event at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics.
• He is the first Indian athlete to win a gold medal in athletics at the Olympics.
• Neeraj Chopra's winning throw of 87.58 m was also a national record for India.

Additional Information

• Neeraj Chopra is an athlete from the state of Haryana.
• He started his career as a wrestler but later switched to javelin throw.
• He has won several medals in international competitions, including gold medals at the 2018 Commonwealth Games and the 2018 Asian Games.
• He is the first Asian athlete to win an Olympic gold medal in javelin and the first Asian to win gold in his event at the World Championship.
• Olympic Games:
• The first Olympames** were reportedly staged in Olympia in 776 BCE, marking the Olympics' historical roots in ancient Greece.**
• **These ancient games were held every four years in Olympia to honor the **Greek god Zeus.
• The International Olympic Committee (IOC) was founded in 1894, and the first modern Olympic Games were held in Athens in 1896.
• Women competed for the first time at the 1900 Games in Paris.
• Women competed in every sport at the 2012 London Olympics for the first time, thanks to the addition of women's boxing to the Olympic program.
• The 1940 Olympics are referred to as the "Missing Olympics" since they were moved to Helsinki, Finland, and eventually abandoned due to World War II.
• The Olympics have been held every four years since 1948.
• The XXXII Olympics Games were held in Tokyo, Japan.
• The 2024, 2028 and 2032 Olympic Games are to be held in Paris (France), Los Angeles (USA) and Brisbane (Australia) respectively.

The correct answer is February 4, 2021.

Key Points

• The Jammu and Kashmir Reorganization (Amendment) Bill, 2021 was introduced in the Rajya Sabha on February 4, 2021.
• The bill was passed by the Rajya Sabha on February 8, 2021, and by the Lok Sabha on February 13, 2021, and received the President's assent on March 28, 2021.
• The bill seeks to amend the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganization Act, 2019.
• The amendments proposed in the bill include changes to the composition of the Legislative Council of Jammu and Kashmir, which was abolished in 2019, and the reservation of seats in the Legislative Assembly for the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.

Additional Information

Jammu and Kashmir Reorganization Act, 2019:

• On August 5, 2019, the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation ACT, 2019 was approved, dividing the region into the Union Territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh.
• The Act also repealed Article 370, which had granted Jammu and Kashmir special status.
• On October 31, 2019, the day of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel's birth, which is observed as National Unity Day, it came into force.
• Five Lok Sabha seats in Jammu and Kashmir were retained by the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir, while one was transferred to the Union Territory of Ladakh.

The correct answer is Nitin Gupta.

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Key Points

• Nitin Gupta who was appointed as the new Chairman of the Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) in June 2022 and is currently (December 2023) serving.
• He is an Indian Revenue Service (IRS) officer from the 1988 batch.
• Before being appointed as the CBDT Chairman, he was serving as the Principal Chief Commissioner of Income Tax (PCCIT) in Delhi.
• He has also held several other key positions in the Income Tax Department during his career.

Additional Information

• Sangeeta Singh is also an IRS officer who currently serves as the Principal Chief Commissioner of Income Tax in Mumbai.
• She was given additional charge of Chairman of CBDT before Nitin Gupta. She has been in the news recently for leading a crackdown on tax evasion by Bollywood celebrities.
• Jagannath Vidyadhar Mahapatra is a retired IRS officer who served as the CBDT Chairman from 2015 to 2016.
• He is currently a member of the Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT), which is a quasi-judicial body that resolves disputes related to civil service appointments.
• Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT):
• ​It is a statutory authority functioning under the Central Board of Revenue Act, 1963 under  Department of Revenue in the Ministry of Finance.
• Its duties include creating policies, handling issues with the imposition and collection of direct taxes, and overseeing the operations of the Income Tax Department as a whole.
• Along with proposed legislative changes to direct tax enactments, it also suggests adjustments to tax rates and structures to better align with government priorities.
• The CBDT is headed by Chairman and also comprises of six members, all of whom are ex-officio Special Secretary to the Government of India.
• Member (Income Tax)
• Member (Legislation and Computerization)
• Member (Revenue)
• Member (Personnel & Vigilance)
• Member (Investigation)
• Member (Audit & Judicial)

The correct answer is Kalamandalam Vasu Pisharody.

Key PointsKalamandalam Vasu Pisharody:

• He was born in Kerala's Palakkad District on January 12, 1943.
• He was awarded the Kerala State Kathakali Award in 2012.
• He was also awarded with the famous Sangeet Natak Akademi award in 2003.

Additional InformationKalamandalam Kalyanikutty Amma:

• She is the mother of Mohiniyattam in the form we see it today.
• She played a key role in popularizing Kerala's unique classical dance form within the Indian classical dance community.
• She dispelled the renowned mystery behind the name of this dancing style and provided the most compelling, fact-based explanation.
• She interpreted Mohiniyattam as a dance performed by a stunning woman than a legendary enchantress from heaven.

Important PointsKathakali:

• It is a traditional dance form of Kerala, India that combines dance, music, and drama.
• The Kerala State Kathakali Award is presented by the Government of Kerala to recognize the contributions of artists to the field of Kathakali.
• 8 important Classical Dance forms of India:

The correct answer is eight years.

Key PointsMauryan Empire:

• Chandragupta Maurya was the founder of the Mauryan Empire.
• He is referred to in Greek sources as Sandrokottos.
• In 321 BC, he defeated Dhana Nanda and took the throne with the aid of a politically astute and clever Brahmin named Kautilya.
• Megasthenes served as the Greek representative in the court of Chandragupta.
• He led an expansionist policy that subjugated nearly all of modern-day India, except a few isolated areas in the far south and Kalinga.
• Bindusara is the second Mauryan Empire ruler.
• 297–273 BC was his rule period.
• He was also called Amitraghata (Slayer of foes).
• Ashoka mentions in his inscription that he conquered Kalinga after becoming the king for eight years.
• Kalinga was a region located in present-day Odisha and parts of Andhra Pradesh.
• Ashoka established Ujjain and Takshashila (later Taxila) as the regional capitals of his kingdom.

Additional InformationAshoka Maurya:

• He was one of the most powerful emperors of the Maurya dynasty in ancient India, ruling from 268 to 232 BCE.
• The conquest of Kalinga was a major event in Ashoka's reign as it resulted in the loss of over 100,000 lives and left many more injured and displaced.
• He became deeply remorseful and turned to Buddhism after the war, adopting a policy of non-violence and compassion towards all living beings.
• His rock edicts and inscriptions, which were written in various languages including Prakrit and Greek, provide valuable insights into his life and teachings.
• He designated representatives, referred to as the dhamma mahamatta, to spread the word and instruct people in dhamma.
• He also sent his children to Sri Lanka to spread Buddhism.

The correct answer is 12th.

Key Points

• Five-year plans are development plans in India that are formulated by the government to achieve various socio-economic objectives over a period of five years.
• The 12th five-year plan was implemented from 2012-2017, with the aim of achieving inclusive growth, enhancing social development, and promoting sustainable development.
• It was the last five year plan in India.

Additional Information

• The Indian Planning Commission was established in 1950 to formulate and implement five-year plans for economic development in India.
• It was replaced by NITI Aayog since January 1, 2015.
• After the Planning Commission, the five year plans also stopped to be made in India.
• An overview of all Five Year Plans implemented in India is highlighted below:

The correct answer is corn.

Key PointsCorn:

• It is a crop that is used as both food and fodder.
• It is a Kharif crop which requires a temperature of 21°C to 27°C.
• It grows well in old alluvial soils, which are formed by the deposition of sediment by rivers.
• It is also used for making ethanol, starch, and other industrial products.
• It requires annual rainfall of 50 cm to 100 cm.

Additional InformationRice:

• It is a Kharif crop that requires a temperature between 20°C to 37°C.
• It grows well in clayey loam soil.​
• It is submerged under 5 to 10 cm of water.
• It contains riboflavin, iron, calcium, thiamine, and niacin.
• India is the world's second-largest producer of rice.

Jute:

• It is a Kharif crop that is grown in the rainy season and requires a temperature of 24°C to 35°C.
• It grows well in fertile, well-drained, and sandy loam soils.
• It is an important natural fibre crop in India.
• It is a component of textiles used to package a variety of industrial and agricultural goods.
• It needs an average monthly rainfall of at least 7.5 to 10 cm.

Wheat:

• It is a Rabi crop that requires a temperature between 10°C to 15°C.
• It grows well in loamy soils.
• It needs areas that receive between 30 and 90 cm of rainfall annually.
• It is used in industry for producing gluten, starch, malt, and alcohol.
• India is the world's second-largest producer of wheat.

The correct answer is population.

Key PointsEffects of Population on Environment:

• An increase in population puts an increasing amount of strain on the environment, resulting in biodiversity loss, water scarcity, air pollution, and global warming.
• It does not determine the rate of release of nutrients from the atmosphere directly.
• It causes the depletion of resources in the areas of land use, water use, energy consumption, demand for food, and agricultural techniques.
• It also puts strain on non-renewable resources and extraction of minerals.

Additional InformationEnvironmental factors that determine the rate of release of nutrients from the atmosphere are:

Heat:

• High temperatures can increase the rate of nutrient release because it speeds up the decomposition of organic matter.
• Low temperatures can slow it down.
• Extremely high temperatures can also lead to the loss of nutrients through volatilization.

Humidity:

• High humidity can increase the rate of nutrient release because it creates a favorable environment for microbial activity.
• Low humidity can slow it down.
• Excessive moisture can also lead to leaching of nutrients.

Precipitation:

• The amount and frequency of Precipitation can affect the rate of nutrient release.
• Heavy Precipitation can lead to leaching of nutrients.
• Low Precipitation can result in nutrient deficiency.

Soil:

• Soil particles have the ability to adsorb and desorb nutrients.
• Nutrients like ammonium (NH₄⁺), nitrate (NO₃⁻), and phosphate (PO₄³⁻) can be adsorbed onto soil particles and later released back into the soil solution.
• This process affects the availability of nutrients in the soil and their potential release into the atmosphere.
• Soil pH can impact nutrient availability.
• For example, sandy soil tends to release nutrients more quickly than clay soil.

The correct answer is 32.75%.

Key Points

• The poverty line in India is defined as the minimum level of income required to meet the basic needs of a person.
• It is calculated based on the cost of a basket of essential goods and services.
• Poverty in rural India is a major issue, with a large proportion of the population living in extreme poverty.
• The lack of infrastructure, education, and job opportunities are some of the main reasons for this.
• The NITI Aayog report highlights the need for targeted interventions to address poverty in rural India, such as providing access to basic services like healthcare, education, and sanitation, and promoting livelihood opportunities.

Additional InformationNational Institution for Transforming India (NITI Aayog):

• The NITI Aayog has replaced the Planning Commission, which has a 65-year history.
• Narendra Modi is the present chairman of NITI Aayog.
• Suman Bery is the present vice chairman of NITI Aayog.
• B.V.R. Subrahmanyam is the present NITI Aayog's CEO.
• Chief Ministers from every State and Lieutenant Governors of India's Union Territories make up the Governing Council.
• It’s creation has two hubs. They are:
• Team India Hub: It leads to the central government and the Indian states cooperation.
• Knowledge and Innovation Hub: It enhances the organization's capacity as a think tank.
• The core components of the NITI Aayog is the seven pillars of effective governance. They are:
• Pro-People.
• Pro-Activity.
• Participation.
• Empowering.
• Inclusion of all.
• Equality.
• Transparency.

The correct answer is Rowlatt Act.

Key Points

• In 1919, Gandhiji had called for Satyagraha to protest against Rowlatt Act.
• Rowlatt Act:
• The Rowlatt Act, also known as the Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act of 1919, was enacted by the British government, prompting the Rowlatt Satyagraha.
• On the advice of the Sir Sidney Rowlatt who chaired Sedition Committee, this act was passed. Despite the Indian members' unanimous opposition, the Imperial Legislative Council rushed this act through in March 1919.
• It gave the government broad powers to stifle political activity and allowed the two-year imprisonment of political prisoners without charge or trial.
• Gandhiji demanded that the Rowlatt Act be opposed nationally.

Additional InformationThe Indian Councils Act 1909:

• It was commonly called the Morley-Minto Reforms after the Secretary of State for India John Morley and the Viceroy of India, the 4th Earl of Minto.
• It introduced communal representation and a separate electorate in Indian politics.
• It significantly expanded the size of the provincial and central legislative councils.
• It retained official majority in the Central Legislative Council.
• It allowed Indians to be associated (for the first time) with the Viceroy and Governors' executive councils.
• The first Indian to be appointed to the Viceroy's Executive Council was Satyendra Prasad Sinha.
• He was chosen to be a member of the law.

Pitt's India Act of 1784:

• William Pitt the Younger, the prime minister of Britain at the time the Pitt's India Act of 1784 was enacted, is the source of the act's name.
• It established a dual system of control by the British government and the East India Company.
• It distinguished between the commercial and political functions of the Company.
• It acknowledged the Company's political and administrative responsibilities for the first time.

Regulating Act of 1773:

• This law allowed the business to keep its land holdings in India.
• The title "Governor-General of Bengal" replaced the previous one of "Governor of Bengal."
• Lord Warren Hastings was the first person to hold this designation.
• The Executive Council of four members was created to assist the Governor-General.
• It provided for the establishment of a Supreme Court at Calcutta (1774) comprising one chief justice and three other judges.
• ​Sir Elijah Impey as the first Chief Justice.
• The British government was granted the authority to govern Indian affairs for the first time.

The correct answer is Patiala.

Key Points

• Netaji Subhash National Institute of Sports:
• It was inaugurated on May 7, 1961, to mark the beginning of the nation's transition to methodical and scientific sports coaching.
• It is located in Patiala, Punjab.
• The Institute was renamed in 1973 as a tribute to Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose.

Additional InformationIndian Institute of Tropical Metrology, Pune:

• It was approved as one of the programs under the Third Five Year Plan by the Indian government in February 1962.
• It was founded on 17 November, 1962.
• It is located in Pune, Maharashtra.
• It is under the administrative control of Ministry of Earth Sciences.

Central Institute of Fisheries Technology (CIFT):

• It started functioning at in 1957.
• It is located in Kochi, Kerala.
• Its research centers function at:
• Veraval, Gujarat.
• Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh.
• Mumbai, Maharashtra.
• Burla, Orissa.
• Calicut, Kerala.
• Hoshangabad, MP.

The correct answer is United States of America.

Key PointsConstitution of United States of America:

• It is the world's shortest and oldest written constitution from a major country.
• Indian Constitution has borrowed the concept of Fundamental Rights from the constitution of the USA.
• In the United States, September 17th is celebrated as Constitution Day and Citizenship Day.
• Some of the features borrowed from constitution of USA are:
• Fundamental rights.
• Independence of judiciary.
• Judicial review.
• Impeachment of the president.
• Removal of Supreme Court and High Court judges.
• Post of vice-president.

           

Additional InformationList of Borrowed Features of Indian Constitution:

The correct answer is August.

Key Points 

• Rakshabandhan is celebrated on the full moon day of the Hindu month of Shravana, which usually falls in August.
• It is a Hindu festival that celebrates the bond between brothers and sisters.
• On this day, sisters tie a sacred thread called Rakhi on their brothers' wrists, and brothers promise to protect and take care of their sisters.

Additional InformationJanuary:

• Punjabi people celebrate Lohri, a celebration linked to the harvest of winter crops, especially sugarcane.
• South India celebrates Sankranti (Pongal) with great fervor.
• People bid the winter season goodnight and enjoy the extended days of heat that will soon arrive.
• The sun's passage into the northern hemisphere is commemorated by these celebrations in January.

May:

• Rabindranath Tagore Jayanti:
• It is celebrated on May 8 every year.
• It is a day commemorating Rabindranath Tagore's birth anniversary.
• Celebrations involve many cultural programs, lectures about Tagore's work, performances of his plays and songs, and debates on various social issues associated with Rabindranath Tagore.
• Igitun Chalne
• The Sirigao temple, which is 30 kilometers from Panjim, the capital of Goa, commemorates the Konkani term Igitun Chalne, which means "walking through the fire".
• Committed devotees of the goddess Lairaya feel that they must demonstrate their feet and faith while enduring a holy trial by fire.

June:

• Sindhu Darshan Festival:
• It is held annually on the full moon day of June.
• This festival is celebrated on the banks of the Sindhu (Indus) River.
• According to native belief, the river is the primary cause of the harmony that exists among the various populations in the area.
• Shimla Summer Festival:
• It is celebrated in the first week of June.
• This hill station's summer celebration is held in commemoration of the summertime abundance offered by nature.
• One can find a wide range of cultural activities and attractions, including dog shows, folk performances, concerts, and exhibitions of handicrafts.

The correct answer is Wholesaler.

Key PointsWholesalers:

• They are intermediaries who buy goods in bulk from manufacturers and sell them to retailers or other businesses.
• They act as a link between the manufacturer and the retailer and help in distributing the goods to the end customers.
• They usually keep a large inventory of goods in their warehouse so that they can fulfill the orders of retailers quickly.
• They often provide other services like transportation, packaging, and labeling of goods.
• They also help in marketing the products and provide valuable feedback to the manufacturers regarding the demand and supply of goods in the market.

Additional InformationBuyers:

• They are individuals or businesses that purchase goods for their personal or business use.
• They do not usually keep a large inventory of goods in their warehouse and buy goods in small quantities as per their requirements.

Customers:

• They are end-users who purchase goods for their personal use.
• They do not usually buy goods in large quantities and depend on the retailers to provide them with the desired products.

Sellers:

• They are individuals or businesses who offer goods for sale.
• They may or may not keep stock in their warehouse and often rely on intermediaries like wholesalers, retailers, or online marketplaces to sell their products.

The correct option is Governor.

Key PointsThe Governors of states:

• Under Article 155, the appointment of the Governor is done by the President of India by warrant under his hand and seal.
• The appointment of the Advocate General is done by the Governor, who is the head of the State and exercises executive powers.
• The term of the governor's office is normally 5 years, but it can be terminated earlier.
• Under Article 157, the qualifications for appointment as a governor are: A Governor must
• be an Indian citizen and reside in the country.
• attain an age of a minimum of 35 years.
• not be a member of both houses of the parliament and the house of the state legislature.
• not hold any office for generating profit.

Additional Information

• Chief Minister:
• According to Article 164 in the Indian Constitution, the Governor appoints a Chief Minister.
• The state's chief minister is chosen from among the leaders of the parties that received the majority of the votes cast in the assembly elections.
• The Chief Minister has actual executive authority, with the Governor serving as the de facto head of state.
• The term of the Chief Minister is not fixed and he holds office during the pleasure of the governor.
• As long as he has the backing of the majority in the legislature, the governor cannot remove him.
• He may also be dismissed by the State Legislative Assembly if a vote of no confidence is passed against him.
• A non-legislative member of the state legislature may be designated as Chief Minister for a period of six months, after which he must be elected to the state legislature, failing which he will no longer hold the position.
• State Election Commissioner (SEC):
• ​The Governor appoints the SEC, at his/her discretion.
• He cannot be removed from his position unless it is done so in the way and for the reasons specified for the removal of a state high court judge.
• Chief Justice of India (CJI):
• Under clause (2) of Article 124 of the Constitution, the President of India appoints the CJI.
• The seniormost Supreme Court judge deemed eligible to serve as the CJI shall be appointed to the position.

The correct option is Bay of Bengal.

Key PointsBay of Bengal:

• It occupies an area of about 839,000 square miles, or 2,173,000 square kilometers.
• Its borders are to the north by Bangladesh, to the west by Sri Lanka and India, and to the east by Myanmar (Burma) and the northern portion of the Malay Peninsula.
• It is about 1,600 km wide.
• It features an average depth of more than 8,500 feet (2,600 metres).
• Other than the Ganga, a number of rivers flow into it. They are:
• Godavari.
• Krishna.
• Kaveri.
• Brahmaputra.

 Additional InformationPacific Ocean:

• It is, by far, the largest of the three major oceans.
• It occupies one-third of the surface of the globe.
• It is the hydrosphere's largest division.
• Its maximum recorded depth, the Mariana Trench, is 36,201 feet (11,034 meters), the deepest point in any ocean.

Arabian Sea:

• It is in the northwestern part of the Indian Ocean.
• It forms a portion of the main maritime route that connects India and Europe.
• It is bounded to the west by the Horn of Africa and the Arabian Peninsula, to the north by Iran and Pakistan, to the east by India, and to the south by the remainder of the Indian Ocean.

South China Sea:

• It is a Western Pacific Ocean marginal sea.
• The principal deep route that links the Pacific Ocean with the South China Sea is the Luzon Strait.
• It covers an area of roughly 3,685,000 square kilometers, or 1,423,000 square miles.
• Approximately 55% of India's trade occurs through this region.
• It is bordered by the nations of Brunei, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan and Vietnam.

The correct answer is Rauf.

Key Points

• Rauf is a traditional folk dance form that hails from the region of Jammu and Kashmir in northern India.
• It originated within the Muslim community and was performed by women.
• This dance is performed to commemorate the arrival of spring and to emulate the joy that pervades other Muslim holidays, such as Eid-ul-Fitr.

Additional InformationFag:

• The dance is performed by the people in Haryana.
• It is performed in the lunar month of Phalgun.
• It is performed in the Dhamal style of Haryana.
• It is performed by both men and women.

Gugga:

• This dance is also a folk dance from Haryana.
• It was named by the devotees of Saint Dugga.
• Performers are carrying a long, sturdy bamboo staff that is adorned with fans, garlands, and colorful cloth.

Khoriya:

• In Haryana's central region, this dance is popular.
• It is linked to both people's everyday activities and the most significant occasions, such as harvests and agricultural labor, etc.
• Performers wear finely embroidered golden-thread skirts, vibrantly colored dupattas that resemble veil-like garments, and substantial rustic jewelry.

Formula used:

Time = Distance/Speed

Average speed = Total distance / Total time

Calculation:

Total distance = 8 + 12 + 18 = 38 km

Since, time = distance/speed

Total time = 8/4 + 12/3 + 18/2 = 15 hours

By using the above formula 

∴ Average speed = 38/15 = 2.53 km/hr

The answer is 2.53 km/h.

Given:

The average marks of 25 students = 96

The average marks of the remaining students = 84

Total students = 60

Concept used:

Average = Sum of elements/Number of elements

Calculation:

Let the average of the entire class be x.

⇒ 60x = 25 × 96 + 35 × 84

⇒ 60x = 2400 + 2940

⇒ 60x = 5340

⇒ x = 5340/60 = 89

The average mark of the entire class is 89.

Given:

Lengths of two trains = 124 m and 116 m

Speeds of two trains = 28 km/h and 44 km/h

Formulas used:

Relative speed (Opposite direction) = Speed1 + Speed2 

Time = Distance/Relative Speed 

Calculation:

Distance to be covered by two trains = Length of two trains 

⇒ 124 m + 116 m = 240 m 

Time = 240 m/(28 + 44) km/h 

⇒ 240/ 72 × 5/18 

⇒ 240/72 × 18/5             [1 hour = 3600 seconds, 1 km = 1000 m] 

⇒ 12 

∴ The required time taken by the trains is 12 seconds.

Given:

Radius of sphere = 6 cm

Outer Radius of sphere = 6 + 2 = 8 cm

Formula used:

Volume of sphere = (4/3)πr³

Surface area of sphere  = 4πr²

Calculation:

Surface area of sphere  = 4πr2

⇒ 4π62

⇒ 144π

The new Surface area of the sphere = 4π82

⇒ 256π

∴ Percentage change = (256π - 144π/144π) × 100

= 112/144 × 100%

= 7/9 × 100%

= 77.78%

The answer is 77.78%.

Given:

Lata bought two fans for Rs.2,160.

He sold one at a loss of 9% and the other at a profit of 15%.

Formula used:

Selling Price = Cost Price × ( 100 ± profit or loss )%

Calculation:

let x and 2160-x be the cost prices of two watches

x is sold at a loss of 9%

2160 - x is sold at a profit of 15%

There is neither profit nor loss in the entire transaction ie. one's loss = the other's profit

x ​× 9/100 = 2160 - x ​× (15/100)

9x/100 + 15x/100 = 2160 ​× 15/100

⇒ 24x/100 = 324

⇒ x = 1350

⇒ 2160 - x = 2160 - 1350 = 810

The answer is Rs. 810, Rs. 1,350.

Shortcut Trick

Total items are divided into 3 parts (since 1/3 is sold first).

Let the total quantity be 3 units. 1 unit is sold at 15% loss (−15).

Remaining 2 units must be sold at x% profit (+x).

Total target profit is 20% on 3 units: 3 × 20 = 60.

Equation: 1 × (−15) + 2 × x = 60 ⇒ 2x = 60 + 15 = 75 ⇒ x = 37.5%.

∴ The correct answer is 37.5%.

Alternate Method

Given: Total CP = Rs 4,500, Total Profit = 20%, Loss on 1/3 = 15%. Formulas: Profit = SP − CP | SP = CP × (100 + P%)/100 | Total Profit = (P1 + P2 + ...)

⇒ Total required SP = 4500 × (120/100) = Rs 5,400. ⇒ CP of 1/3 articles = 4500 ÷ 3 = Rs 1,500. ⇒ SP of 1/3 articles = 1500 × (85/100) = Rs 1,275. ⇒ Remaining CP = 4500 − 1500 = Rs 3,000. ⇒ Required SP of remaining = 5400 − 1275 = Rs 4,125. ⇒ Profit needed = 4125 − 3000 = Rs 1,125. ⇒ Profit% = (1125 ÷ 3000) × 100 = 37.5%.

∴ The correct answer is 37.5%.

Additional Information

Weighted Average Method

When parts of goods are sold at different profit/loss rates, the overall profit/loss is the weighted average: Total% = (n₁p₁ + n₂p₂) / (n₁ + n₂).

Independence from Absolute Value

In percentage-based profit/loss questions involving parts of a whole, the actual Cost Price (Rs 4,500) does not affect the final percentage result and can be ignored for faster calculation.

Given:

Discount offered = 20%

Next Discount offered = 36.5%

Concept used:

Marked price × d% = Selling price

Successive discount = x + y - xy/100

Calculation:

⇒ 20 + 36.5 - (20 × 36.5)/100

⇒ 56.5 - 7.3

= 49.2%

 Therefore, the single deduction is equal to 49.2%

Concept:

Calculation

95 - [144 ÷ (12 × 12) - (-4) - {3 - 17 - 10}]

= 95 - [144 ÷ (12 × 12) - (-4) - {3 - 27}] 

= 95 - [144 ÷ 144 - (-4) - {-24)]

= 95 - [1 - (-4) - (-24)] 

= 95 - [1 + 4 + 24] 

= 95 - 29 

= 66

The answer is 66.

Shortcut Trick

Net depreciation percentage for 2 years at 20% p.a. = −20 − 20 + (20 × 20) / 100 = −36%

The value after 2 years will be (100 − 36)% = 64% of the original value.

Value after 2 years = 64% of 15500

Value after 2 years = (64 / 100) × 15500 = 64 × 155 = 9920

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 9920.

Alternate Method

Given:

Initial value of the mobile phone (P) = Rs. 15,500

Rate of depreciation (R) = 20% per year

Time period (n) = 2 years

−20%

−20%

Present 15500

After 1 Year 12400

After 2 Years 9920

Formula Used:

Depreciated Value (A) = P(1 − R/100)ⁿ

Calculation:

⇒ A = 15500 × (1 − 20/100)²

⇒ A = 15500 × (1 − 1/5)²

⇒ A = 15500 × (4/5)²

⇒ A = 15500 × (16 / 25)

⇒ A = 620 × 16

⇒ A = 9920

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 9920.

Additional Information

Successive Percentage Change

When a value undergoes successive percentage changes of A% and B%, the net percentage change is given by: Net Change = A + B + (A × B)/100. (Use negative signs for depreciation/discounts).

Depreciation Formula

The value of an asset after n years of depreciation at a consistent rate of R% per annum is determined by: A = P(1 − R/100)ⁿ.

Population Increase

If a population or quantity increases at a compound rate of R% per annum, the new value after n years is calculated as: A = P(1 + R/100)ⁿ.

Given:

Principal = Rs. 100,000

Rate = 10% per annum

Time = 3 years

Formula used:

For Compound interest,

(i) A = P{1 + (R/100)}ⁿ

where,

A = Amount

P = Principal

R = Rate

n = Time

(ii) A = P + CI

where,

CI = Compound interest

Calculations:

A = P{1 + (R/100)}n

⇒ A = 100,000{1 + (10/100)}³

⇒ A = 100,000(11/10)3

⇒ A = 100,000 × (1331/1000)

⇒ A = Rs. 13,3100

∴ The answer is Rs. 1,33,100.

Given:

Lengths of two trains = 185 m and 175 m

Speeds of two trains = 80 km/h and 64 km/h

Formulas used:

Relative speed (Opposite direction) = Speed1 + Speed2 

Time = Distance/Relative Speed 

Calculation:

Distance to be covered by two trains = Length of two trains 

⇒ 185 m + 175 m = 360 m 

⇒  360/ 144× 5/18 

⇒ 360/40            [1 hour = 3600 seconds, 1 km = 1000 m] 

⇒ 9 

∴ The required time taken by the trains to cross each other is 9 seconds.

Given:

A is twice as efficient as B and together they can finish a work in 24 days.

Formula used:

Men × Day = Total work

Calculation:

According to the question,

A = 2B

⇒ A/B = 2/1

⇒ Total work = (2 + 1)× 24

⇒ 72 

B alone can finish the work 

⇒ 72/1

⇒ 72 days

∴ B alone can finish the work in 72 days.

Given:

M and N together can complete a work in 18 days

M and P together can complete a work in 14 days.

N and P together can complete a work in 26 days

Concept: 

Work/Days = efficiency 

Calculation

 

Total efficiency = 91 + 117 + 63 = 271

Total time taken together = 1638/271/2

= 3276/271 = 12 days approx.

The answer is 12 days.

Concept used

LCM

Calculation

The smallest 3-digit number divisible by 17 = 17 × 6

= 102

The largest 2-digit number is divisible by 34 = 34 × 2

= 68

The LCM of 102 and 68 = 204

The answer is 204.

Given:

H saves = 1/3 of income

Expenditure = 15600

Formula used:

Income = expenditure + savings

Calculations:

Let the income be x

Expenditure = x - 1/3x = 2/3x

⇒ 2/3x → 15600

⇒ 1/3x → 7800

The answer is ₹7,800.

Given

Amount = 500

Increment = 20% and 25%.

Formula used

Increased amount = initial × (100 + r)/100

Calculation

After 1^st increment

Amount = 500 + 20% of 500

= 500 + 100 = 600

After 2^nd increment

Amount = 600 + 25% of 600

= 600 + 150 = 750

∴ Required percentage = [(750 – 500)/500] × 100 = 50%

The answer is 50%.

Hint x + y + xy/100

= 20 + 25 + 20 × 25 /100

= 45 + 5 = 50%

Given:

20% of the first number is equal to $\frac{1}{3}$ of the second number

Calculation:

Let the first number be (a) and the second number be (b) 

So, 20% of a = 1/3 of b which implies 

⇒ 1/5 of a = 1/3 of b

⇒ b/a = 3/5 = 3/5

The answer is 3:5.

Given:

The ratio of radius and slant height of a cone = 5 : 7 

The curved surface area = 1,760 cm2

Formula used:

Curved surface area (CSA) = πrl

Calculation

Let the radius and slant height of a cone be 5x and 7x. 

⇒ πrl = 1760

⇒ 22/7 × 5x × 7x = 1760 

⇒ 22/7 × 5x × 7x = 1760 

⇒ x² = 1760/110

⇒ x = 4

⇒ 5x → 5 × 4 = 20

The answer is 20 cm.

Formula:

The compounded ratio of the ratios : (a : b), (c : d), (e : f) is (ace : bdf)

Calculation

Thus, the compounded ratio of the ratios 5: 10 : : 17: x  = (17 × 10)/5

= 34

The answer is 34.

Given:

The successive discounts are 20%, 22% and 25%.

Concept used:

X + Y - (XY)/100

Where,

X = First discount

Y = Second discount

Calculation:

X + Y - (XY)/100

⇒ 20 + 25 - 500/100

⇒ 40%

Now, again

X + Y - (XY)/100

⇒ 40 + 22 - (40 × 22)/100

⇒ 62 - 880/100

⇒ 266/5%

∴ The single equivalent discount is 266/5%.

The correct answer is “under the weather”.

Key Points

• "Under the weather" is an idiom used to describe not feeling well or being sick. (बीमार) 
• Example- Despite the large family gathering, Harry decided to stay in his room because he was feeling a bit under the weather.
• Therefore, the correct answer is ‘**Option 2’.**​

​

Additional Information 

• Let’s have a look at the meaning of the remaining options.
• "As right as rain" means in perfect health or condition. (बिलकुल सही)
• "Head in the clouds" refers to being out of touch with the everyday world and being unrealistic because of daydreaming or fantasy. (सपनों में खोया हुआ)
• "Calm before the storm" refers to a quiet or peaceful period before a period of activity or trouble. (तूफान से पहले की शांति)

The correct answer is "I was born in the United States,"

Key Points

 

• The error in the sentence is the use of "am born."
• The sentence contains a tense error.
• This correction uses the past tense "was born" to accurately convey the timing of the birth in the United States.
• This change ensures that the verb "born" aligns with the past tense, as the act of being born is an event that occurred in the past.
• Hence, option 1 is the correct answer.

Correct sentence: I was born in the United States, yet I consider myself Indian.​

The correct answer is “Active".

Key Points 

• 'Sluggish' means slow-moving or not active, likely due to lethargy or lack of energy. (सुस्त)
• Example- He was sluggish in the morning, but after a coffee, he became quite active.
• 'Active' implies being brisk or full of energy and movement. (सक्रिय)
• Example- Despite the lack of sleep, she remained active throughout the day.
• Hence, the option that is Opposite in meaning to 'Sluggish' is 'Active'.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 3'.

Additional Information 

• Let’s have a look at the meaning of the remaining options.
• 'Flatter' means to lavish praise or compliments on someone, often to gain favor. (चापलूसी करना)
• 'Humiliate' means to make someone feel ashamed or foolish by injuring their dignity and pride. (अपमानित करना)
• 'Lethargic' means a lack of energy and enthusiasm. (अलसी)

The correct answer is "medal."

Key Points 

 

• The word "medal" means a small flat piece of metal, usually with a design and words on it, which is given to somebody who has shown courage or as a prize in a sporting event. (मेडल, तमग़ा, पदक (जो साहस-प्रदर्शन के लिए या खेल-स्‍पर्धा में विजेता को दिया जाता है))
• Example: The gold medal slipped from his grasp in the last moments of the race.
• The sentence conveys that at the event, he was given an award.
• Hence, option 2 is the correct answer.

Correct sentence: He received a medal during the ceremony.

Additional Information

• Metal: a type of solid substance that is usually hard and shiny and that heat and electricity can travel through. (विद्युत तथा ताप का अवशोषक कठोर चमकीला ठोस पदार्थ, धातु)
• Meddle: to take too much interest in somebody’s private affairs or to touch something that does not belong to you. (दूसरों के निजी मामलों में ज़रूरत से ज्‍यादा रुचि लेना या पराई चीज़ से छेड़-छाड़ करना; हस्‍तक्षेप करना)
• Mettle: a person's ability to cope well with difficulties; spirit and resilience. (किसी व्यक्ति की कठिनाइयों से अच्छी तरह निपटने की क्षमता; भावना और लचीलापन)

The correct answer is "Protect".

Key Points 

• 'Betray' means to be disloyal or unfaithful, or to reveal information about someone or something in a way that is not loyal. (धोखा देना)
• Example- He would rather face punishment than betray his friends.
• 'Protect' signifies guarding or safeguarding someone or something. (सुरक्षित करना) 
• Example- He promised to protect his friend's secrets.
• Hence, the option that is Opposite in meaning to 'Betray' is 'Protect'.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 4'.

Additional Information 

• Let’s have a look at the meaning of the remaining options.
• 'Disloyal' means lacking in loyalty, unfaithful or treacherous. (विश्वासघाती)
• 'Sympathy' means feelings of pity and sorrow for someone else's misfortune. (सहानुभूति)
• 'Adverse' means preventing success or development, harmful or unfavorable. (प्रतिकूल)

The correct answer is "To be neat and clean". 

Key Points

• "Spick and span" is an idiom used to describe something that is very clean and tidy.
• One may often hear this phrase used to describe a house or room that has been thoroughly cleaned and tidied. 
• Example- Their house is always spick and span.

Hence, the correct answer is ‘Option 3’.

The correct answer is "Be first to do something important".

Key Points

• "Blaze the trail" is an idiom that stemmed from the practice of marking paths through forests with blazed trees.
• This idiom usually denotes the actions of an innovator or ground-breaker, someone who establishes a new line of thinking or a new method in a particular field.
• Example- The suffragists blazed a trail, eventually convincing lawmakers to give American women the right to vote.

Hence, the correct answer is ‘Option 4’.

The correct answer is “Honour".

Key Points 

• 'Privilege' refers to a special right, advantage, or immunity granted or available only to a particular person or group. (विशेषाधिकार)
• Example- She had the privilege of being invited to the royal banquet.
• 'Honour' is similar in meaning to privilege as it denotes high respect or great esteem granted or acquired. (सम्मान) 
• Example- It was an honour for him to be invited to speak at the graduation ceremony.
• Hence, the option that is Similar in meaning to 'Privilege' is 'Honour’.

Therefore, the correct answer is ‘Option 3’.

Additional Information 

• Let’s have a look at the meaning of the remaining options.
• 'Recommendation' means a suggestion or proposal about the best course of action, especially one made by an authoritative body. (सिफारिश)
• 'Guidance' means advice or information given to resolve a problem or dilemma. (मार्गदर्शन)
• 'Atrocity' refers to an extremely wicked or cruel act, typically involving physical violence or injury. (अत्याचार)

The correct answer is "Celestial objects are not visible to the naked eye."

Key Points  

 

• The word "Celestial" means of the sky or of heaven. (आकाश या स्‍वर्ग से संबंधित)
• Example: The moon is a celestial body.
• The sentence conveys that the unaided eye cannot see objects in the sky.
• Hence, option 4 is the correct answer.

Here, the erroneous part is "Nyra have."

Key Points 

• The error lies in the part "Nyra have" of the sentence.
• The error in the original sentence is the use of "have" instead of "has."
• "Nyra" is a singular third-person subject, and in the present perfect tense, we use "has" with singular subjects.
• So, the correct answer is option 3.
  

Correct sentence: Nyra has been taking dance classes this year.

The correct answer is “Admire" 

Key Points

• 'Cherish' means to hold something or someone dear or to appreciate considerably. (स्नेह रखना)
• Example- She cherished her children above all else.
• 'Admire' means respect and warm approval, and this respect could be for something or someone that one cherishes.(सम्मान और हार्दिक अनुमोदन)
• Example- He admires her for her dedication to the cause.
• Hence, the option that is Similar in meaning to 'Cherish' is 'Admire’.

Therefore, the correct answer is ‘Option 4’.

Additional Information 

• Let’s have a look at the meaning of the remaining options.
• 'Condemn' means express complete disapproval of, typically in public. (निंदा करना)
• 'Abandon' means to give up completely or to desert. (त्यागना)
• 'Neglect' means to fail to care for properly. (उपेक्षा करना)

The correct answer is “Frightened". 

Key Points 

• 'Startled' means to feel sudden shock or alarm. (चौंक जाना)
• Example- The sudden noise startled her.
• 'Frightened' refers to the feeling of fear, dread, or apprehension. (डरा हुआ) 
• Example- He was frightened by the sudden appearance of a snake in his path.
• Hence, the option that is Similar in meaning to 'Startled' is 'Frightened’.

Therefore, the correct answer is ‘Option 3’.

Additional Information 

• Let’s have a look at the meaning of the remaining options.
• 'Glad' means pleased; delighted. (प्रसन्न)
• 'Cherished' means kept fondly in the mind; treasured. (प्यारे)
• 'Miserable' means very unhappy or uncomfortable. (दुखी)

The correct answer is "is to develop."

Key Points 

• The subject "objective" is singular, so we cannot use a plural heling verb "are" with it.
• So, options 3 and 4 can be ruled out.
• Option 2: "Bully" means to use your strength or power to hurt or frighten somebody who is weaker or to make him/her do something. (अपने से कमज़ोर को धमकाकर कोई कार्य करवाना; उस पर रोब जमाना)
• Example: Don’t try to bully me into making a decision.
• Option 1: "Develop" means to grow slowly, increase, or change into something else; to make somebody/something do this. (विकसित होना; विकास करना)
• Example: We need to develop this area.
• So, it is better to opt for Option 1.

The correct answer is "Triumphant."

Key Points  

 

• The incorrectly spelt word is "Trimphant."
• The correct spelling is "Triumphant."
• "Triumphant" means feeling or showing great happiness because you have won or succeeded at something. (विजय या सफलता की प्राप्ति पर अत्‍यंत प्रसन्‍न; विजयोल्‍लसित)
• Example: She made a triumphant return to the stage after several years of working in television.
• ​​Hence, option 2 is the correct answer.

Correct sentence: A triumphant smile appeared on his face.

The correct answer is "rose."

Key Points  

• The word "rose" is used in both blanks because it serves two different meanings:
• "He rose to success after winning a lottery":
• In this context, "rose" means to ascend or move upward. (ऊपर उठना, चढ़ना या ऊपर की और जाना, बढ़ना)
• Example: She rose to anxiety.
• It's commonly used metaphorically to describe someone's ascent to success or a higher position.
• "and rose is everyone’s favourite flower":
• In this context, "rose" refers to the flower. (गुलाब का फूल)
• Example: She gifted me a rose.
• The sentence is stating that the rose flower is a favorite among everyone.
• So, the correct answer is Option 4.
  

Correct sentence: He rose to success after winning a lottery and rose is everyone’s favourite flower.

Additional Information

• Got: to receive, obtain or buy something. (किसी वस्‍तु को पाना, लेना या ख़रीदना)
• Rise:
• As a noun: an increase in an amount, a number or a level. (वृद्धि (मात्रा, संख्‍या या स्‍तर में))
• As a verb: to move upwards, to become higher, stronger or to increase. (ऊपर उठना, चढ़ना या ऊपर की और जाना, बढ़ना)
• Zenith: the highest point that the sun or moon reaches in the sky, directly above you. (आकाश का वह बिंदु जो ठीक सिर के ऊपर हो; शिरोबिंदु, खमध्य)

The correct answer is "if."

Key Points

     

• The given sentence is zero conditional.
• We use the zero conditional to talk about things that are generally true, especially for laws and rules.
• Example: If I drink too much coffee, I can't sleep at night.
• In this context, "if" sets up the condition or circumstance under which the advice or statement is applicable.
• So, the correct answer is Option 4.
• Correct paragraph:

It is often said that if you want a pet to look up to you, get a dog. If you want a pet that looks straight ______ (2) ______ you, get a horse. For an animal that looks down ______ (3) ______ you, the cat must surely ______ (4) _______ this description. Cats are their own bosses. They have little or no regard for anyone or anything. If you have ______ (5) ________ looked closely at the cat, you will observe that it looks at you from the corner of its eyes, almost condescendingly. 

Additional Information

• Whenever: The word "whenever" is used to indicate any time or every time that a particular situation occurs. (जब कभी भी)
• Whether: The word "whether" is typically used to introduce a choice between two or more alternatives or to express doubt or uncertainty. (चाहे)
• Ever: "Ever" means at any time. It is used in questions and negative statements. (कभी)

The correct answer is "at."

Key Points

     

• The preposition "at" is used in the blank to indicate the direction of the gaze or attention.
• The sentence suggests that if you want a pet that looks directly in your direction, a horse would be suitable.
• Here, "at" is used to convey the idea of looking toward or facing the person, emphasizing a direct and focused gaze.
• So, the correct answer is Option 3.
• Correct paragraph:

It is often said that if you want a pet to look up to you, get a dog. If you want a pet that looks straight at you, get a horse. For an animal that looks down ______ (3) ______ you, the cat must surely ______ (4) _______ this description. Cats are their own bosses. They have little or no regard for anyone or anything. If you have ______ (5) ________ looked closely at the cat, you will observe that it looks at you from the corner of its eyes, almost condescendingly. 

Additional Information 

• By: We use by + noun to describe how someone travels or communicates, or how things are processed
• To: We can use to to indicate a goal or a direction of movement, as well as a place of arrival.
• Over: We use over to talk about movement or position at a higher level than something else.

The correct answer is "on."

Key Points

• The meaning of the phrase "look down on someone or something" means to think of or treat (someone or something) as unimportant or not worthy of respect.
• वाक्यांश "look down on someone or something" का अर्थ है (किसी व्यक्ति या चीज़ को) महत्वहीन या सम्मान के योग्य नहीं समझना या उसके साथ व्यवहार करना।
• Example: The other children looked down on her because her parents were poor.
• So, the correct answer is Option 1.
• Correct paragraph:

It is often said that if you want a pet to look up to you, get a dog. If you want a pet that looks straight at you, get a horse. For an animal that looks down on you, the cat must surely ______ (4) _______ this description. Cats are their own bosses. They have little or no regard for anyone or anything. If you have ______ (5) ________ looked closely at the cat, you will observe that it looks at you from the corner of its eyes, almost condescendingly.

The correct answer is "fit."

Key Points     

• Fit means to find or have enough space for somebody/something. (किसी व्‍यक्ति या वस्‍तु के लिए पर्याप्त जगह निकालना या होना)
• The word "fit" is used in the blank to indicate that the cat aligns with or matches the description of an animal that looks down on you.
• In this context, "fit" implies a suitable or appropriate match between the cat's behavior and the described characteristic of looking down on someone.
• It suggests that the cat is a good example or embodiment of the specified trait.
• So, the correct answer is Option 1.
• Correct paragraph:

It is often said that if you want a pet to look up to you, get a dog. If you want a pet that looks straight at you, get a horse. For an animal that looks down on you, the cat must surely fit this description. Cats are their own bosses. They have little or no regard for anyone or anything. If you have ______ (5) ________ looked closely at the cat, you will observe that it looks at you from the corner of its eyes, almost condescendingly. 

Additional Information 

• Find: to discover something that you want or that you have lost after searching for it. (खोज या ढूँढ़ निकालना; का पता लगाना; पा लेना)
• Mist: a cloud made of very small drops of water in the air just above the ground, that makes it difficult to see. (कुहासा (जल की नन्‍हीं बूँदों से आकाश में बने बादल जिसके कारण देखने में कठिनाई होती है))
• Feat: something you do that shows great strength, skill or courage. (शक्ति और कुशलता या साहस से पूर्ण कार्य; उल्‍लेखनीय उपलब्धि)

The correct answer is "ever."

Key Points

    

• "Ever" means at any time. (किसी भी समय)
• The word "ever" is used in the blank to emphasize the idea of looking closely at the cat.
• It implies that the observation requires a level of attention or scrutiny that might not have happened before.
• The sentence is essentially saying, "If you have at any time looked closely at the cat..."
• The use of "ever" adds emphasis to the act of closely examining the cat, making the statement more impactful.
• So, the correct answer is Option 1.
• Correct paragraph:

It is often said that if you want a pet to look up to you, get a dog. If you want a pet that looks straight at you, get a horse. For an animal that looks down on you, the cat must surely fit this description. Cats are their own bosses. They have little or no regard for anyone or anything. If you have ever looked closely at the cat, you will observe that it looks at you from the corner of its eyes, almost condescendingly. 

Additional Information  

• Never: at no time; not ever. (कभी नहीं; कदापि नहीं)
• Sometime: at a time that you do not know exactly or have not yet decided. (समय जो नहीं मालूम कि ठीक-ठीक कब या जो अभी निश्चित नहीं; कभी)
• Whenever: The word "whenever" is used to indicate any time or every time that a particular situation occurs. (जब कभी भी)

वाक्य की पूर्ति के लिए 'वायु' का एकार्थी शब्द- 'प्रभंजन'। अन्य विकल्प असंगत है।

Key Points

• सारे विशाल पेड़ ________ से गिर पड़े।
• वाक्य की पूर्ति के लिए 'वायु' का एकार्थी शब्द- 'प्रभंजन'।
• 'प्रभंजन' का अर्थ- "प्रचंड वायु।"
• अतः वाक्य- "सारे विशाल पेड़ 'प्रभंजन' से गिर पड़े।"

Additional Information

वाक्यांश के लिए एक शब्द- 'अमृत'। अन्य विकल्प असंगत है।

Key Points

• 'जिसे पान करने से अमर हो जाए'
• वाक्यांश के लिए एक शब्द- 'अमृत'।
• 'अमृत' का अर्थ- 'सुधा रस।'
• अतः वाक्यांश "जिसे पान करने से अमर हो जाए" अर्थात् 'अमृत'।

Additional Information

शुद्ध वाक्य- "अब तुम मुझे बेवकूफ नहीं बना सकते।" अन्य विकल्प अशुद्ध है।

Key Points

• दिए गये वाक्यों में शुद्ध वाक्य- "अब तुम मुझे बेवकूफ नहीं बना सकते।"
• अन्य विकल्प में अनेक प्रकार की त्रुटिया है

कुछ महत्वपूर्ण उदाहरण- 

• अशुद्ध वाक्य- महाभारत अठारह दिनों तक चलता रहा।
• शुद्ध वाक्य- महाभारत अठारह दिन तक चलता रहा।
• अशुद्ध वाक्य- सविता ने जोर से हँस दिया।
• शुद्ध वाक्य- सविता जोर से हँस दी।

Additional Information

वाक्य मेंरेखांकित पद बदलकर लिखा गया पद- "दूसरों को हानि पहुँचाना"। अन्य विकल्प असंगत है।

Key Points

• झूठ बोलना पाप है।
• वाक्य में रेखांकित पद बदलकर लिखा गया पद- "दूसरों को हानि पहुँचाना"।
• अतः अब नया वाक्य- "दूसरों को हानि पहुँचाना पाप है।
• अन्य विकल्प को वाक्य से बदलने पर अनुचित अर्थ देते है।

Additional Information

वाक्य में रेखांकित अंश के स्थान पर सबसे उपयुक्त विकल्प- 'लड़ना-झगड़ना'। अन्य विकल्प असंगत है।

Key Points

• बात-बात में इस तरह झगड़ना-लड़ना ठीक नहीं है।
• वाक्य में रेखांकित अंश के स्थान पर सबसे उपयुक्त विकल्प- 'लड़ना-झगड़ना'।
• अतः वाक्य- "बात-बात में इस तरह लड़ना-झगड़ना ठीक नहीं है।"
• अन्य विकल्प का प्रयोग होने से वाक्य का उचित अर्थ नहीं मिलेगा।

Additional Informationकुछ महत्वपूर्ण अनेकार्थक शब्द-