SSC GD Constable (2022) Official Paper (Held On : 01 Feb 2023 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)

The figure that will replace the question mark (?) in the following figure series is shown below:

1. For '

' element →

• Alternately shaded.
• Shifting in the clockwise direction.

Final series is

Hence, ‘option - (4)’ is the correct answer.

According to the sequence in the dictionary:

1 riddle

3 rightful

4 ring

5 risk

2 river

Hence, the correct option is "1, 3 ,4 ,5 ,2".

Logic : (1) is added to the position values according to English alphabetic series.

So,

• 'EXAM' is written as '625214'

And,

• TEST' is written as '2162021'

​Similarly,

• 'ASSESSMENT' will be written as :

​Hence, "22020620201461521" is the correct answer.

Given : Six family members Viraaj, Deepu, Noor, Prince, Suman and Taran are sitting around a circular table facing the centre.

Explanation : 

1) Viraaj is sitting to the immediate right of Noor.

2. Prince is an immediate neighbour of both Viraaj and Deepu.

3) Suman is sitting third to the right of Viraaj.

4. Noor is sitting second to the left of Prince.

After positioning Suman only one position is left which will be occupied by the only person left i.e Taran.

Thus, according to the final arrangement Prince is an immediate neighbour of Deepu and Viraaj.

Hence, "Prince" is the correct answer.

Logic : (3) and (5) are added alternately to the position values according to English alphabetic series.

So,

• FATHER is written as 'IFWMHW'

And,

• SISTER is written as 'VNVYHW'

​Similarly,

• 'UNCLE' will be written as :

​Hence, "XSFQH" is the correct answer.

Given : Six students are sitting around a circular table facing the centre.

Explanation : 

1) Brianna is sitting second to the right of Mark.

2) James is sitting third to the left of Brianna.

3) Afreen is sitting second to the right of James.

4) Felix is sitting second to the left of Mark.

5. Ann is the immediate neighbour of Brianna and Felix.

Thus, according to the final arrangement Brianna is sitting between Afreen and Ann.

Hence, "Brianna" is the correct answer.

Given equation : 56 ÷ 16 x 8 + 45 × 13 = 697 

Now, by interchanging the numbers :

• Option - (1) : 8 and 13

56 ÷ 16 x 8 + 45 × 13 = 697 ⇒ 56 ÷ 16 x 13 + 45 × 8 = 697

56 ÷ 16 x 13 + 45 × 8 = 697

3.5 x 13 + 45 × 8 = 697

45.5 +  360 = 697

405.5 ≠ 697 (LHS ≠ RHS)

• Option - (2) : 16 and 8​

56 ÷ 16 x 8 + 45 × 13 = 697 ⇒ 56 ÷ 8 x 16 + 45 × 13 = 697

56 ÷ 8 x 16 + 45 × 13 = 697

7 x 16 + 45 × 13 = 697

112 + 585 = 697

697 = 697 (LHS = RHS)

• Option - (3) : 16 and 45

56 ÷ 16 x 8 + 45 × 13 = 697 ⇒ 56 ÷ 45 x 8 + 16 × 13 = 697

56 ÷ 45 x 8 + 16 × 13 = 697

1.24 x 8 + 16 × 13 = 697

9.92 + 208 = 697

217.92 ≠ 697 (LHS ≠ RHS)

• Option - (4) : 8 and 45

56 ÷ 16 x 8 + 45 × 13 = 697 ⇒ 56 ÷ 16 x 45 + 8 × 13 = 697 

56 ÷ 16 x 45 + 8 × 13 = 697

3.5 x 45 + 8 × 13 = 697

157.5 + 104 = 697

104 ≠ 697 (LHS ≠ RHS)

Hence, "Option - (2)" is the correct answer.

Given:

• The image must not to be rotated

Hence, the correct answer is "Option - (4)".

Given equation : 24 - 36 × 5 + 108 ÷ 18 = 18 

Now, by interchanging the signs

• Option - (1) : ÷ and -

24 - 36 × 5 + 108 ÷ 18 = 18 ⇒ 24 ÷ 36 × 5 + 108 - 18 = 18 

0.67 × 5 + 108 - 18 = 18

3.35 + 108 - 18 = 18

111.35 - 18 = 18

93.85 ≠ 18 (LHS ≠ RHS)

• Option - (2) : - and +​

24 - 36 × 5 + 108 ÷ 18 = 18 ⇒ 24 + 36 × 5 - 108 ÷ 18 = 18

24 + 36 × 5 - 6 = 18

24 + 180 - 6 = 18

204 - 6 = 18

198 ≠ 18 (LHS ≠ RHS)

• Option - (3) : + and ×

24 - 36 × 5 + 108 ÷ 18 = 18 ⇒ 24 - 36 + 5 × 108 ÷ 18 = 18

24 - 36 + 5 × 6 = 18

24 + 30 - 36 = 18

54 - 36 = 18

18 = 18 (LHS = RHS)

• Option - (4) : + and ÷

24 - 36 × 5 + 108 ÷ 18 = 18 ⇒ 24 - 36 × 5 ÷ 108 + 18 = 18

24 - 36 × 0.04 + 18 = 18

24 + 18 - 1.44 = 18

42 - 1.44 = 18

40.56 ≠ 18 (LHS ≠ RHS)

Hence, "Option - (3)" is the correct answer.

According to given figure:

The figure will appear when it is opened as follows:

Hence, "Option - (4)" is the correct answer.

Logic : Triple subtraction and addition pattern is followed with common difference of (4).

Hence, "33" is the correct answer.

Logic :

• First two letter → (6) is subtracted from the position values according to English alphabetic series.
• Last two letters → (3) is added to the position values according to English alphabetic series.

So,

​

​Hence, "OAUL" is the correct answer.

Logic :

• First letter → (2) is added to the position values according to English alphabetic series.
• Second letter → (1) is added to the position values according to English alphabetic series.
• Third and fourth letters → (1) is subtracted from the position values according to English alphabetic series

So,

​

​Hence, "JTFP" is the correct answer.

The correct mirror image of the given combination when mirror is placed at MN is as shown below:

Detailed Explanation:

• The line MN is the mirror
• The word "6ZkBMVd" the third letter is "k". So, the mirror image should be "

" ⇒ Option 1 is eliminated.

• The word "6ZkBMVd" the third letter is "k". So, the mirror image should be "

" ⇒ Option 2 is eliminated..

• The word "6ZkBMVd" the first digit is "6". So, the mirror image should be "

" ⇒ Option 3 is eliminated.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option - (4)".

Given :

Statement given :  Q + R - P × N - S

So,

• Q + R → Q is the sister of R.

• R - P → R is the father of P.

• P × N → P is the brother of N.

• N - S → N is the father of S.

​

Thus, according to the final family tree R is the paternal grandfather i.e father's father of S.

Hence, "Father’s father" is the correct answer.

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statement is:

Conclusions:

I. Some tables are computers → Does not Follow (As, some computers are furniture and some furniture are tables. So, it is possible but not definitely true.)

II. Some mobiles are furniture → Does not Follow (As, all mobiles are computers and some computers are furniture. So, it is possible but not definitely true.)

So, Neither conclusion I nor II follows.

Hence, the correct answer is "Neither conclusion I nor II follows".

Logic :

• First letter → (2) is subtracted from the position values according to English alphabetic series.
• Second letter → Opposite letter according to English alphabetic series is written.
• Third letter → (3) is subtracted from the position values according to English alphabetic series.
• Fourth letter → (1) is subtracted from the opposite letter's position value according to English alphabetic serie.

So,

• TIDE : RRAU

And,

• REST : PVPF

​Similarly,

• GAME : ?

​Hence, "EZJU" is the correct answer.

Logic : Action or service : Provider of of action or service

So,

• Education is provided by a teacher.

Similarly,

• Treatment is provided by a doctor.

Hence, "Doctor" is the correct answer.

Additional Information

1. Hospital → Place where treatment is done
2. Labour → workers of a non-skilled task.
3. Medicine → Given to a patients for treatment
4. Doctor → Provides treatment to patients

Logic : Each number is multiplied by (5) and then (6) is added subsequently.

Hence, "4061" is the correct answer.

Logic : (1st number + 3rd number) = (2nd number ÷ 4)

Given :

• (25, 280, 45)

25 + 45 = 280 ÷ 4

70 = 70 (LHS = RHS)

• (18, 192, 30)

18 + 30 = 192 ÷ 4

48 = 48 (LHS = RHS)

So,

• Option - (1) : (12, 156, 24)

12 + 24 = 156 ÷ 4

36 ≠ 39 (LHS ≠ RHS)

• Option - (2) : (14, 192, 24)

14 + 24 = 192 ÷ 4

38 ≠ 39 (LHS ≠ RHS)

• Option - (3) : (12, 148, 25)

12 + 25 = 148 ÷ 4

37 = 37 (LHS = RHS)

• Option - (4) : (13, 168, 54)

13 + 54 = 168 ÷ 4

67 ≠ 42 (LHS ≠ RHS)

Hence, "Option - (3)" is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Fundamental Duties.

Key Points

• "To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so" is a part of the Fundamental Duties of Indian citizens.
• These duties were added to the Constitution by the 42nd Amendment in 1976.
• The Fundamental Duties are non-justiciable, meaning that they cannot be enforced by the courts.
• -Other duties included in this list are respecting the Constitution, promoting harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood, and striving towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity.
• | Article | Fundamental duty | | --- | --- | | Article 51A (b) | To cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom | | Article 51A (c) | To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India | | Article 51A (d) | to defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so |

Additional Information

• The Preamble of the Constitution outlines the basic principles and objectives of the Indian state, including justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity.
• The Directive Principles of State Policy are guidelines for the government to follow in order to establish a just and equitable society.
• The Fundamental Rights are guaranteed to all citizens and include the right to equality, freedom of speech and expression, and the right to life and liberty.

The correct answer is Narmada. 

Key Points 

• Pulakeshin-II defeated Harshavardhana in the year 618 A.D.
• ​Pulakeshin II defeated Harsha on the banks of Narmada in the winter of 618-619 CE.
• Pulakeshin entered into a treaty with Harsha, with the Narmada River designated as the border between the Chalukya Empire and that of Harshavardhana.
• Emperor Harshavardhana ruled entire North India from Kannauj.
• He wanted to expand into the South by defeating Pulakeshin-II.
• However, Pulakeshin-II was able to successfully defeat Harshavardhan in the battle on the banks of river Narmada.

​

Additional Information 

• Harshavardhana ruled over a major part of north India from 606 to 647 AD.
• Harshavardhana was the son of Prabhakara Vardhana.​
• Xuan Zang also lived in the court of Harshavardhana.
• His court poet Banabhatta wrote his biography Harshacharita. This biography has given rich information about Harshavardhana.
• His capital was at Kannauj.
• Pulakeshin-II defeated Harshavardhana in the year 618 A.D.
• Pulakeshin II (610–642 CE) was the most famous ruler of the Chalukya dynasty of Vatapi (present-day Badami in Karnataka, India).
• During his reign, the Chalukya kingdom expanded to cover most of the Deccan region in peninsular India.
• Pulakeshin was a son of the Chalukya king Kirttivarman I.
• When Kirttivarman died, Pulakeshin appears to have been a minor, as Kirttivarman's younger brother Mangalesha became the next king.
• The famous Emperor Pulakeshin II of the Chalukya Dynasty was defeated by Narasimhavarman I of the Pallava Dynasty. Vikramaditya I recaptured Vatapi from Pallavas and restored the Chalukya power.
• The other titles of Pulakeshin II were Bhattarka and Maharajadhiraja.
• Chalukya territories during the reign of Pulakeshin II in the map below:​

The correct answer is Men-7.26 kg Women-4 kg.

Key Points

• The shot put is an athletics event where athletes throw a metal ball or shot as far as possible.
• The metal ball or shot used in shot put is made of brass, iron, or steel and has a smooth surface for a better grip.
• The weight of the metal ball or shot used in shot put varies for different age groups and gender categories.
• Shot put is a part of the track and field events in athletics.
• The metal ball or shot used in shot put has a diameter of 110-130 mm for men and 95-110 mm for women.

Additional Information

• The hammer throw is one of the four throwing events in regular track and field competitions, along with the discus throw, shot put and javelin.
• In hammer throws events, athletes throw a metal ball (16lb/7.26kg for men, 4kg/8.8lb for women) that is attached to a grip by a steel wire no longer than 1.22m while remaining inside a seven-foot (2.135m) diameter circle.
• In order for the throw to be measured, the ball must land inside a marked 35-degree sector and the athlete must not leave the circle before it has landed, and then only from the rear half of the circle.
• The thrower usually makes three or four spins before releasing the ball.

The correct answer is two.

Key Points

• There two pathways are constructed as independently organized conducting tubes in plants.
• These pathways are the xylem and phloem, which are responsible for the transport of water, minerals, and nutrients throughout the plant.
• The xylem is responsible for the transport of water and minerals from roots to the leaves, while the phloem is responsible for the transport of nutrients from leaves to other parts of the plant.
• Understanding the organization and function of xylem and phloem is essential in the study of plant physiology and agriculture.
• Both Xylem and Phloem combinedly worked for the conduction in plants.
• All plants need water, minerals, and food, Flowering plants have a very well-developed system to transport these substances, this system is called the vascular system.
• The vascular system contains two types of tissues, the xylem, and the phloem.
• The xylem distributes water and the phloem distributes food throughout the plant's body, this process is known as Conduction.

Additional Information 

• XYLEM:
• It is a plant vascular tissue that conveys water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant and also provides physical support.
• Xylem tissue consists of a variety of specialized, water-conducting cells known as tracheary elements.
• xylem is found in all vascular plants, including the seedless club mosses, ferns, and horsetails, as well as all angiosperms and gymnosperms.
• PHLOEM:
• It is also called bast, tissues in plants that conduct foods made in the leaves to all other parts of the plant.
• Phloem is composed of various specialized cells called sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem fibres, and phloem parenchyma cells.
• Two types of Phloem: i) Primary   ii)  Secondary

The correct answer is 6 years or age of 65 whichever is earlier.

Key Points

• UPSC stands for Union Public Service Commission.
• It was formed on 1^st October 1926.
• The headquarters is in Dholpur House, New Delhi.
• The recommendation of the Lee Commission led to the formation of the Union Public Service Commission.
• Union Public Service Commission is responsible for conducting examinations for appointments to the services of the union.
• The Union Public Service Commission is the watchdog of the merit system in India.
• Article 315 to 323 of the Indian constitution deals with the Public Service Commission.
• The commission consists of 9 to 11 members panel including the chairman.
• The chairman and other members of UPSC are appointed by the President of India.
• The chairman and members of the UPSC hold the office for a term of six years or until they attain the age of sixty-five years, whichever is earlier.

Additional Information

• Sir Ross Barker was the first chairman of the union public service commission.
• Dr. Ajay Kumar is the Chairman of UPSC.

The correct answer is two.

Key Points

• Mission Indradhanush is a health initiative launched by the Indian government in 2014 with the aim to immunize all children up to the age of two years.
• The program focuses on providing vaccines for vaccine-preventable diseases such as polio, measles, and hepatitis B, among others.
• It aims to reach out to children in remote and underserved areas and increase the coverage of immunization in the country.
• The program has been successful in increasing the immunization coverage in the country from 62% in 2014 to 94% in 2019.
• Immunization is a vital public health intervention that saves millions of lives every year. It is one of the most cost-effective ways to prevent infectious diseases.
• The World Health Organization recommends that all children receive routine immunizations to protect them from vaccine-preventable diseases.
• In India, despite the availability of vaccines, many children still miss out on immunization due to various reasons such as lack of awareness, accessibility, and affordability.
• Mission Indradhanush aims to address these gaps and ensure that every child in the country is protected from vaccine-preventable diseases.

Additional Information

• To further intensify the immunization programme, launched the Intensified Mission Indradhanush (IMI) on October 8, 2017.
• The aim of Mission Indradhanush and Intensified Mission Indradhanush is to boost the routine immunization coverage
• Again, the Government of India has introduced Intensified Mission Indradhanush 2.0 to ensure reaching the unreached with all available vaccines and accelerate the coverage of children and pregnant women in the identified districts and blocks from 2019-2020.

The correct answer is 2002-2007.

Key Points

• The first five-year plan in India was launched in 1951 and since then, India has witnessed twelve Five Year Plans.
• The Tenth Five-Year Plan was from 2002 to 2007, under the leadership of Atal Bihari Vajpayee and Manmohan Singh.
• Some of the main objectives of the Tenth Five Year Plan were:
• ​This plan aimed to double the Per Capita Income of India in the next 10 years.
• It also aimed to reduce the poverty ratio to 15% by 2012.
• Its growth target was 8.0% but it achieved only 7.6%.
• One of the unique objectives was to reduce gender-based discrimination.
• It gave importance to providing training and employment opportunities to women.

Additional Information

• The Five-Year Plans were laid to rest by the Narendra Modi-led NDA government in 2015.
• Hence, the 12th five-year plan is considered the last five-year plan of India.
• The decades-old Five-Year Plans was replaced by a three-year action plan, which will be part of a seven-year strategy paper and a 15-year vision document.
• The Niti Aayog has replaced the Planning Commission in the Modi Cabinet and launched three-year action plans from April 1, 2017, onwar

The correct answer is Narendra Modi.

Key Points

• Narendra Modi inaugurated the 2-day PM Kisan Samman Sammelan of India in October 2022.
• The PM Kisan Samman Nidhi Yojana is a scheme launched by the Government of India in 2019 to provide financial assistance to small and marginal farmers.
• PM Narendra Modi Launched Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi From Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh.
• Pradhan Mantri Kisan Sammann Nidhi is an initiative by the government of India in which all farmers will get up to Rs. 6,000 per year as minimum income support.
• The initiative was announced by Piyush Goyal during the 2019 Interim Union Budget of India on 1^st February 2019.
• Rs. 6,000 per year will be paid to each eligible farmer in three installments and will be deposited directly to their bank accounts

Additional Information

• Nirmala Sitharaman is the current Finance Minister of India and has no connection with the PM Kisan Samman Sammelan.
• Amit Shah is the current Home Minister of India and has no connection with the PM Kisan Samman Sammelan.
• Rajnath Singh is the current Defence Minister of India and has no connection with the PM Kisan Samman Sammelan

The correct answer is National Population Register.

Key Points

• NPR stands for National Population Register.
• It is a database maintained by the Government of India containing demographic and biometric details of every citizen of the country.
• The data collected through NPR is used for various government schemes and programs such as the issuance of Aadhaar cards, voter ID cards, and passports.
• NPR is updated periodically to ensure the accuracy of data and to include new citizens who have turned 18 years of age.

Additional Information

• The NPR is a record of all the usual residents of the country.
• It is mandatory for every usual resident of India to register in the NPR.
• The NPR includes both Indian citizens and foreign citizens.
• The primary objective of the NPR is to create a comprehensive database of every usual resident in the country.
• The NPR is prepared at various levels, including local (village/sub-town), sub-district, district, state, and national levels. This is done under the provisions of the Citizenship Act 1955 and the Citizenship (Registration of Citizens and Issue of National Identity Cards) Rules, 2003.
• The data for the National Population Register was first collected in 2010 by the Government of India. The exercise is repeated every 10 years.
• The aim is to create a comprehensive identity database of every usual resident in the country. The database would contain both demographic and biometric details.
• The government has clarified that no documents will be required for NPR as a self-declaration will suffice for data entry in the population register.

The correct answer is Private Sector.

Key Points

• The private sector runs nearly 60 percent of dispensaries in India.
• Private dispensaries are owned and operated by private individuals or organizations.
• The cooperative sector refers to dispensaries run by cooperatives, which are owned and operated by a group of individuals for their mutual benefit.
• The joint sector refers to dispensaries run jointly by the government and private individuals or organizations.
• The public sector refers to dispensaries run by the government.

Additional Information 

• The private sector has been playing a significant role in providing healthcare services in India, especially in urban areas.
• The cooperative sector has a limited presence in the healthcare sector in India.
• The joint sector has been encouraged by the government to improve healthcare infrastructure in the country.
• The public sector has the largest number of dispensaries in India but often faces challenges in providing quality healthcare services due to lack of resources and infrastructure.

The correct answer is Buddhists.

Key Points

• For Sikkimese Buddhists, Saga Dawa, or the Triple Blessed Festival, is an auspicious month with prayers held throughout the month in various monasteries.
• The primary celebration occurs on the full moon of this fourth Tibetan calendar month.
• It is thought that the Buddha was born, obtained enlightenment, and attained nirvana on this day.
• In Gangtok and other Sikkim towns and villages, a colourful procession of monks playing musical instruments and worshippers carrying religious books, photographs, and statues of Lord Buddha is conducted.
• The Holy Books are touched on people's heads in the streets so they can receive blessings.
• Other festivals in Sikkim include
• Losoong Festival
• Losar Festival
• Bhumchu Festival
• Saga Dawa
• Lhabab Duchen Festival
• Hee Bermiok Festival and
• Tendong Lho Rum.

Additional Information

The correct answer is financial.

Key Points

• Microfinance is a way in which loans, credit, insurance, access to savings accounts, and money transfers are provided to small business owners and entrepreneurs in underdeveloped parts of India.
• Microfinance is a form of financial service that provides small loans and other financial services to poor and low-income households, hence it is an economic tool designed to promote financial inclusion which enables the poor and low-income households to come out of poverty, increase their income levels, and improve overall living standards.
• The beneficiaries of microfinance are those who do not have access to traditional financial resources.
• Interest rates on microloans are generally higher than those on a traditional personal loan as the amount of the loan is small.
• Features of microfinance:
• The borrowers are generally from low-income backgrounds.
• Loans availed under microfinance are usually of small amounts, i.e., microloans.
• The loan tenure is short.
• Microfinance loans do not require any collateral. Hence statement 3 is not correct.
• These loans are usually repaid at higher frequencies.
• The purpose of most microfinance loans is income generation.
• The end result of microloans should be to have its recipients outgrow smaller loans and be ready for traditional bank loans.

Additional Information

• Production refers to the process of creating goods or services, and it is not related to microfinance.
• Software production is a specific type of production that involves creating software applications, and it is also not related to microfinance.
• Waste management refers to the collection, transportation, and disposal of waste materials, and it is not related to microfinance.

The correct answer is Assam.

• 'Bihu' is a folk dance of  Assam.

Key Points

• Bihu:
• It is the festival of Assam.
• At the Bihu festival, the people celebrate the change in seasons.
• The festival state and marks the beginning of Assamese New Year and harvest season.
• There are three types of Bihu that are celebrated during different time periods.
• Rongali or Bohag Bihu comes in April.
• Kogali or Kati Bihu is observed in October.
• Bhogali or Magh Bihu is celebrated in January.
• Bihu is a folk dance that is done during the Bihu festival.

Additional Information 

The correct answer is Ferozeshah Kotla.

• The Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) was founded at Feroz Shah Kotla in Delhi by Chandrasekhar Azad, Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev Thapa in 1928.
• Hindustan Republican Association was the earlier name of this party.

Key Points

• The party was mainly formed by the younger nationalists and workers.
• The members of the party were not in full support of non-violence.
• Bismil in 1923 had drafted the constitution of this party.
• Lala Har Dayal gave his blessing for the formation of the party.
• Lala Hardayal and Sachindranath Sanyal were the other members of the party.
• The manufacturing unit of the bomb was also established by HSRA at Culcutta and Deogarh.
• In ‘Revolutionary’ the party manifesto was written.

The correct answer is Rajkiran Rai.

Key Points

• The new Managing Director of NaBFID effective August 8, 2022, is Rajkiran Rai.
• Rajkiran Rai is currently the CEO and MD of Union Bank of India and will be taking over the new role after his tenure ends in July 2022.
• NaBFID is a recently established financial institution in India that aims to provide long-term financing for infrastructure and development projects in the country.
• The institution was set up with an initial authorized capital of Rs. 20,000 crore and is expected to play a crucial role in financing infrastructure projects in India.
• Sumita Dawra is currently serving as the Executive Director of Union Bank of India, Arun Kumar Singh is an Indian Administrative Service (IAS) officer, and Pankaj Jain is a Senior Vice President at Yes Bank.

Additional Information 

• NaBFID is a newly set up development financial institution (DFIs) in India.
• It has been set up for infrastructure financing as per the National Bank for Financing Infrastructure and Development (NaBFID) Act 2021.
• The authorized share capital of the NaBFID is Rs one lakh crore.
• The initial paid-up capital of NaBFID is Rs 20,000 crore.

The correct answer is Wheat. 

Key Points

• Wheat crops witnessed the maximum rate of increase in production due to the Green Revolution in India.
• The Green Revolution started in 1965 with the first introduction of High Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds in Indian agriculture.
• This was coupled with better and more efficient irrigation and the correct use of fertilizers to boost the crop.
• The result of the Green Revolution was to make India self-sufficient when it came to food grains.
• These HYV seeds had more success with the wheat crop and were highly effective in regions that had proper irrigation.

Additional Information

• The Green Revolution, spreading over the period from 1967-68 to 1977-78, changed India’s status from a food-deficient country to one of the world's leading agricultural nations.
• The Green Revolution resulted in a great increase in the production of food grains (especially wheat and rice) due to the introduction of developing countries of new, high-yielding variety seeds, beginning in the mid-20th century.
• The Green Revolution was an endeavor initiated by Norman Borlaug in the 1960s.
• He is known as the 'Father of the Green Revolution in the world.
• It led to him winning the Nobel Peace Prize in 1970 for his work in developing High Yielding Varieties (HYVs) of wheat.
• In India, the Green Revolution was mainly led by M.S. Swaminathan.
• Revolution- Related to
• Blue - Fish Production
• Silver Fibre - Cotton Production
• Green - Agriculture Production
• Black - Petroleum Production
• Grey - Fertilizer Production
• Pink - Onions, Prawn Production
• Red - Meat, Tomato Production
• Silver - Egg Production

The correct answer is Hydrogen.

Key Points

• Hydrogen behaves like alkali metals as it has one electron in its outermost shell, which it readily loses to form a cation.
• Hydrogen also behaves like halogens as it can share its electrons with other elements to form a covalent bond.
• This property of hydrogen is due to its position in the periodic table, where it is placed above the alkali metals and halogens.
• Helium and neon are noble gases and do not exhibit properties of either alkali metals or halogens.
• Lithium behaves like an alkali metal, but not like a halogen.

Additional Information

• Neon is a noble gas and does not readily react with other elements to form compounds.
• Helium is the second lightest element and is used in balloons, airships, and cooling systems.
• Lithium is a soft, silvery-white metal that is highly reactive and is used in batteries, ceramics, and pharmaceuticals.
• Modern Periodic table showing Groups and Periods:

The correct answer is 1982.

Key Points

• The Asian Games, also known as Asiad, is a continental multi-sport event held every four years among athletes from all over Asia.
• The Games were regulated by the Asian Games Federation from the first Games in New Delhi, India, until the 1978 Games.
• It was firstly organized in the 1951 Asian Games in New Delhi, India.
• New Delhi, the national capital of India, has hosted the Asian Games on two occasions: the inaugural 1951 Asian Games and the 1982 Asian Games.
• Asian Games, 2023 will be a multi-sport event celebrated in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Additional Information

• There have been nine nations that have hosted the Asian Games. Forty-six nations have participated in the Games, including Israel, which was excluded from the Games altogether after Israel managed to win a silver medal (in their last participation) at the 1974 Asian Games in Iran. The most recent games were held in Jakarta and Palembang, Indonesia from 18 August to 2 September 2018.
• The Asian Games Movement uses symbols to represent the ideals embodied in the Asian Games charter.

The correct answer is Richter Scale.

Key Points

Richter scale:

• Richter scale is used for measuring the intensity of earthquakes.

• The Richter scale measures the maximum amplitude of seismic waves as they reach seismographs.

• The magnitude is expressed in absolute numbers, 0-10.

• The power of an earthquake is expressed in terms of magnitude on a scale called the Richter scale.

• This was developed by Charles F. Richter in 1935.

• The intensity scale is named after Mercalli, an Italian seismologist.

• The intensity scale takes into account the visible damage caused by the event.

• The range of intensity scale is from 1-12.

• There are three types of earthquake waves:

• P waves or longitudinal waves

• S waves or transverse waves

• L waves or surface waves

Hence, the Richter scale is used to measure Seismic vibrations.

The correct answer is Akham Lakshmi Devi.

Key Points

• Shrimati Akham Lakshmi Devi was born on May 1, 1952, in Imphal, Manipur.
• She received her training in Manipuri dance from Gurus Amubi Singh, Tomba Singh, and Th. Babu Singh.
• She specialized in Manipuri dance at the Jawaharlal Nehru Manipur Dance Academy in Imphal.
• Shrimati Akham Lakshmi Devi has performed in various prestigious dance festivals, including the Bhagyachandra national dance festival and those organized by the Manipur State Kala Akademi and Sangeet Natak Akademi.
• Her performances in dance productions by the Jawaharlal Nehru Manipur Dance Academy, such as Keibul Lamjao, Ramayan, Lei Langba, Moirang Sha, and Geet Govinda, have received critical acclaim.
• She has received several honors, including the Manipur State Kala Akademi Award in 2010 and the Nritya Bhusan in 2014.
• Shrimati Akham Lakshmi Devi was awarded the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award in 2018 for her significant contributions to Manipuri dance.

 Additional Information

• Classical dances Exponents
• Bharatnatyam
• T. Balasaraswati, Shanta Rao, Mrinalini Sarabhai, Yamini Krishnamurthy, Kamala, Vyjayanthimala, Sonal man Singh, Samyukta Panigrahi, and Rukhmini Devi.
• Kathak
• Sitara Devi, Birju Maharaj, Gopi Krishna, Binda din Maharaj, Kalkadin, Uma Sharma.
• Kathakali
• Guru Krishna Kutty, Kanak Rele and Raghvan
• Mohiniattam
• Sunanda Nair, Jayaprabha Menon, Pallavi Krishnan, Gopika Verma, Vijayalakshmi and Radha Dutta.
• Manipuri
• Guru Bipin Sinha, Jhaveri sisters, and T Nadia Singh.
• Odissi
• Aadya Kaktikar, Aditi Bandyopadhyay, Anita Babu, Arpita Venkatesh and Aruna Mohanty.
• Kuchipudi
• Bhavana Reddy, Kaushalya Reddy, Raja and Radha Reddy and Yamini Reddy.
• Sattriya
• Mallika Kandali,Late Moniram Dutta Muktiyar Barbayan, Late Roseshwar Saikia Barbayan, Late Dr. Maheswar Neog , Late Dr Bhupen Hazarika, Late Ananda Mohan Bhagawati

Shortcut Trick

If the ratio of two numbers is a : b and their HCF is H, then their LCM is given by the formula:

LCM = a × b × H

Given ratio = 4 : 5 and HCF = 6.

LCM = 4 × 5 × 6 = 120.

∴ The correct answer is 120.

Alternate Method

Given:

Ratio of two numbers = 4 : 5

HCF of the numbers = 6

Formula Used:

Number = Ratio part × HCF

HCF × LCM = Product of two numbers

Calculations:

⇒ Let the two numbers be 4x and 5x.

⇒ The HCF of 4x and 5x is x (since 4 and 5 are coprime).

⇒ Given x = 6.

⇒ First number = 4 × 6 = 24

⇒ Second number = 5 × 6 = 30

⇒ LCM × HCF = Product of numbers

⇒ LCM × 6 = 24 × 30

⇒ LCM × 6 = 720

⇒ LCM = 720 ÷ 6 = 120

∴ The correct answer is 120.

Additional Information

Product of Numbers Property

For any two numbers, the product of the numbers is always equal to the product of their HCF and LCM (n₁ × n₂ = HCF × LCM).

Co-prime Numbers

Two numbers are called co-prime if their HCF is 1. In such cases, their LCM is simply the product of the two numbers.

HCF and LCM Relation

The HCF of a group of numbers is always a factor of their LCM. This means LCM ÷ HCF will always result in an integer.

Given:

Cost price = ₹950,

Selling price = ₹1140

Concept:

Gain% = [(Selling price - Cost price)/Cost price] × 100%

Calculation:

⇒ Gain = Selling price - Cost price = ₹1140 - ₹950 = ₹190

⇒ Gain% = (Gain / Cost price) × 100%

⇒ (₹190 / ₹950) × 100% = 0.20 = 20%

Therefore, the gain percentage is 20%.

Shortcut Trick

Rate of interest = 5% = 1/20 → Principal : Amount ratio for 1 year is 20 : 21.

For 3 years, the ratio becomes 20³ : 21³ = 8000 : 9261.

Given Present Value (Amount) = 9261 units = ₹18,522.

1 unit = 18,522 ÷ 9261 = 2.

Borrowed value (x) = 8000 units = 8000 × 2 = ₹16,000.

∴ The correct answer is ₹16,000.

Alternate Method

Given:

Principal (Borrowed amount) = ₹x

Rate of Interest (R) = 5% per annum

Time (n) = 3 years

Present Value (Amount after 3 years) = ₹18,522

Formula Used:

Amount (A) = P(1 + R/100)ⁿ

Calculations:

⇒ 18,522 = x(1 + 5/100)³

⇒ 18,522 = x(1 + 1/20)³

⇒ 18,522 = x(21/20)³

⇒ 18,522 = x × (9261 ÷ 8000)

⇒ x = (18,522 × 8000) ÷ 9261

⇒ x = 2 × 8000

⇒ x = 16,000

∴ The correct answer is ₹16,000.

Additional Information

Effective Interest Rate

For 3 years at 5%, the effective CI rate is calculated as 5 + 5 + (5×5)/100 = 10.25% (for 2 years), then 10.25 + 5 + (10.25×5)/100 = 15.7625%.

CI vs SI for 3 Years

Difference (D) = P(R/100)² × (3 + R/100). This formula helps find the difference between CI and SI for a 3-year period.

Compounding Half-Yearly

If interest is compounded half-yearly, the rate is halved (R/2) and the time period is doubled (2n) in the standard formula.

Given:

Diameter of the hemisphere = 14 cm

Concept:

The total surface area of a hemisphere = 3πr²

Calculation:

⇒ Radius = Diameter/2 = 14/2 = 7 cm

⇒ Total surface area = 3πr² = 3 × 22/7 × (7²) = 462 cm²

Therefore, the total surface area of the hemisphere is 462 cm².

Given:

Reeta can do the work in 14 days,

Geeta can do the work in 21 days

Concept:

If two people are working together, then 1/(Total work) = 1/(Reeta's work) + 1/(Geeta's work)

Calculation:

⇒ 1/(Total work) = 1/14 + 1/21 = 5/42

⇒ Total work = 42/5 = 8.4 days

Therefore, Reeta and Geeta together can complete the work in 8.4 days.

Given:

Two numbers 1780 and 2452, Remainder = 4

Concept:

The greatest number which on dividing given numbers leaves the same remainder is their HCF.

Calculation:

⇒ The new numbers after adjusting for the same remainder = 1780 - 4 = 1776 and 2452 - 4 = 2448

⇒ HCF of 1776 and 2448 is 48

Therefore, the greatest number that on dividing 1780 and 2452 leaves the remainder 4 in each case is 48.

Shortcut Trick

Factor out common terms to simplify the product: 2(2 + √3) × 3(2 − √3).

Apply the identity (a + b)(a − b) = a² − b² to the simplified terms.

Product = 6 × (2² − (√3)²) = 6 × (4 − 3) = 6.

The Mean Proportional is the square root of the product of the numbers.

∴ The correct answer is √6.

Alternate Method

Given:

First number (a) = 4 + 2√3

Second number (b) = 6 − 3√3

Formula Used:

The mean proportional (x) between two numbers 'a' and 'b' is given by x = √(a × b).

Calculations:

⇒ x = √[(4 + 2√3) × (6 − 3√3)]

⇒ x = √[4(6 − 3√3) + 2√3(6 − 3√3)]

⇒ x = √[24 − 12√3 + 12√3 − (2 × 3 × √3 × √3)]

⇒ x = √[24 − (6 × 3)]

⇒ x = √[24 − 18]

⇒ x = √6

∴ The correct answer is √6.

Additional Information

Mean Proportional

If a, x, b are in continued proportion, then a/x = x/b, which gives x² = ab or x = √ab.

Third Proportional

The third proportional to two numbers 'a' and 'b' is the value 'c' such that a/b = b/c, calculated as c = b²/a.

Fourth Proportional

For three numbers a, b, and c, the fourth proportional 'd' satisfies the ratio a/b = c/d, calculated as d = (b × c)/a.

Algebraic Identity

The identity (a + b)(a − b) = a² − b² is frequently used to simplify products involving surds and irrational numbers.

Given:

Increase in price = 40%

Concept:

If the expenditure is to remain the same, Percentage decrease in consumption = (Increase in price/(100 + Increase in price)) × 100

Calculation:

⇒ Percentage decrease in consumption = (40/(100 + 40)) × 100 = 28.6%

Therefore, consumption should be decreased by 28.6% to keep the expenditure the same.

Shortcut Trick

Direct formula for height when TSA, length (l), and breadth (b) are given:

Height = (TSA ÷ 2 − l × b) ÷ (l + b)

Height = (4200 ÷ 2 − 15 × 16) ÷ (15 + 16)

Height = (2100 − 240) ÷ 31 = 1860 ÷ 31 = 60

∴ The correct answer is 60 cm.

Alternate Method

Given:

Total Surface Area (TSA) = 4200 cm²

Length (l) = 15 cm

Breadth (b) = 16 cm

Formula Used:

TSA of a cuboid = 2(l × b + b × h + h × l)

Calculations:

⇒ 4200 = 2(15 × 16 + 16 × h + h × 15)

⇒ 2100 = 240 + 16h + 15h

⇒ 2100 = 240 + 31h

⇒ 31h = 2100 − 240

⇒ 31h = 1860

⇒ h = 1860 ÷ 31 = 60

∴ The correct answer is 60 cm.

Additional Information

Volume of a Cuboid

The space occupied by the cuboid is calculated as: Volume = l × b × h

Lateral Surface Area

The area of the four side walls excluding top and bottom: LSA = 2h(l + b)

Length of Diagonal

The longest rod that can be placed inside a cuboid: Diagonal = √(l² + b² + h²)

Given:

Speed of Sumati = 475 m/min

Speed of Rachna = 1.6 × Speed of Sumati

Total distance between A to C = 45.6 km = 45600 m

Total time taken = 75 min

Concept:

Distance = Speed × Time

Calculation:

Total distance is the sum of distance covered by Sumati and Rachana

Let T be time taken by Sumati to reach B from A

⇒ Time taken by Rachana to reach C from B = (75 - T) mins

According to the question,

Speed of Rachana = 1.6 × 475 = 760 m/min

⇒ 475T + 760(75 - T) = 45600

⇒ 475T + 57000 - 760T = 45600

⇒ 285T = 11400

⇒ T = 40 mins

Distance between AB = 40 × 475 = 19000 m

∴ The distance between A and B is 19 km.

Shortcut Trick

Directly equate the coefficients: 3 × (8P + 4Q) = 2 × (5P + 7Q)

24P + 12Q = 10P + 14Q

Subtracting terms: 14P = 2Q

Ratio P : Q = 2 : 14 = 1 : 7

∴ The correct answer is 1 : 7.

Alternate Method

Given:

Percentage of P = 8% and 5%

Percentage of Q = 4% and 7%

Condition: (8% of P + 4% of Q) = 2/3 × (5% of P + 7% of Q)

Calculations:

⇒ (8/100)P + (4/100)Q = (2/3) × [(5/100)P + (7/100)Q]

⇒ 8P + 4Q = (2/3) × (5P + 7Q)

⇒ 3 × (8P + 4Q) = 2 × (5P + 7Q)

⇒ 24P + 12Q = 10P + 14Q

⇒ 24P − 10P = 14Q − 12Q

⇒ 14P = 2Q

⇒ P/Q = 2/14

⇒ P/Q = 1/7

∴ The correct answer is 1 : 7.

Additional Information

Ratio and Proportion

A ratio a : b represents the relative size of two quantities. It can be simplified by dividing both terms by their HCF.

Percentage of a Quantity

To calculate x% of a variable y, we use the expression (x/100) × y. In equations involving percentages on both sides, the 100 in the denominator often cancels out.

Cross-Multiplication

When dealing with fractions like a/b = c/d, cross-multiplication (a × d = b × c) is the most efficient way to simplify the linear equation.

Given:

90% are men,

Average height of men = 170 cm,

Average height of women = 165 cm

Concept:

Overall average = (sum of all values)/(total number of values)

Calculation:

⇒ Average height = 0.9 × 170 + 0.1 × 165 = 169.5 cm

Therefore, the average height of the club members is 169.5 cm.

Shortcut Trick

Total work (LCM of 18, 24) = 72 units. Efficiency: A = 4, B = 3.

A works for the full 15 days, completing 4 × 15 = 60 units.

Remaining work (72 − 60 = 12 units) must be done by B.

Time B worked = 12 ÷ 3 = 4 days.

Number of days after which B joined = 15 − 4 = 11 days.

∴ The correct answer is 11 days.

Alternate Method

Given: A can complete work in 18 days, B in 24 days. Total duration = 15 days.

⇒ Total work to be completed = 72 units

⇒ A started the work and stayed until the end (15 days)

⇒ Work done by A in 15 days = Efficiency × Time = 4 × 15 = 60 units

⇒ Remaining work for B = 72 − 60 = 12 units

⇒ Days worked by B = 12 ÷ 3 = 4 days

⇒ Days after which B joined = Total days − B's working days

⇒ Days after which B joined = 15 − 4 = 11 days

∴ The correct answer is 11 days.

Additional Information

Work Efficiency

Efficiency is inversely proportional to the time taken. If time ratio is x : y, then efficiency ratio is y : x.

Total Work Formula

Total Work = Time taken × Efficiency. It is usually calculated as the LCM of individual completion times.

Work and Wages

Wages are always distributed in the ratio of the actual work done by each individual, not just their efficiency ratios.

Given:

Speed = 48 km/h,

Time = 3 hours 15 minutes = 3.25 hours

Concept:

Distance = Speed × Time

Calculation:

⇒ Distance = 48 km/h × 3.25 hours = 156 km

Therefore, the distance covered by the car is 156 km.

Shortcut Trick

Net Selling Price Multiplier = (1 − 10/100) × (1 − 15/100) × (1 − 4/100)

⇒ Multiplier = 0.90 × 0.85 × 0.96 = 0.7344

⇒ Selling Price = 12500 × 0.7344 = ₹9,180

⇒ Total Discount = Marked Price − Selling Price = 12500 − 9180 = ₹3,320

∴ The correct answer is ₹3,320.

Alternate Method

Given:

Marked Price (MP) = ₹12,500

Successive Discount Rates = 10%, 15%, and 4%

Calculation:

⇒ First discount (10%) = 10% of 12,500 = ₹1,250

⇒ Price after 1st discount = 12,500 − 1,250 = ₹11,250

⇒ Second discount (15%) = 15% of 11,250 = 1,687.5

⇒ Price after 2nd discount = 11,250 − 1,687.5 = ₹9,562.5

⇒ Third discount (4%) = 4% of 9,562.5 = ₹382.5

⇒ Final Selling Price = 9,562.5 − 382.5 = ₹9,180

⇒ Total Discount Amount = 1,250 + 1,687.5 + 382.5

⇒ Total Discount = ₹3,320

∴ The correct answer is ₹3,320.

Additional Information

Successive Discount Formula

For two successive discounts a% and b%, the equivalent single discount is (a + b − ab/100)%.

Selling Price vs Marked Price

Selling Price = Marked Price × (100 − d₁)/100 × (100 − d₂)/100 ... where d is the discount percentage.

Effective Discount for Three Rates

If discounts are d₁, d₂, and d₃, calculate the net of d₁ and d₂ first, then use that result with d₃.

Given:

Selling price after 25% discount = Rs. 9510

Concept:

Marked price = Selling price/(1 - discount %)

Calculation:

⇒ Marked price = 9510/(1 - 0.25) = Rs. 12680

Therefore, the marked price of the article is Rs. 12680.

Given:

Selling price = Rs. 15,000, Loss = Rs. 2,000

Concept:

Loss percentage = (Loss/Cost price) × 100

Calculation:

⇒ Cost price = Selling price + Loss

⇒ Rs. 15,000 + Rs. 2,000 = Rs. 17,000

⇒ Loss percentage = (Rs. 2,000/Rs. 17,000) × 100 = 11.7647%, which can be approximated as $11\frac{13}{17}\%$

Therefore, the percentage loss is $11\frac{13}{17}\%$.

Shortcut Trick

Net deviation in sum = (Correct marks) − (Wrong marks)

Net deviation = (54 + 64 + 67) − (44 + 46 + 61) = 185 − 151 = +34

Deviation in average = Net deviation ÷ Total students = 34 ÷ 25 = 1.36

Correct Average = Old Average + Deviation = 64 + 1.36 = 65.36

∴ The correct answer is 65.36.

Alternate Method

Given:

Number of students = 25

Initial average marks = 64

Misread marks = 44, 46, 61

Actual marks = 54, 64, 67

Formula Used:

Average = Total Sum ÷ Number of observations

Correct Sum = (Initial Average × Number of students) − (Sum of misread marks) + (Sum of actual marks)

Calculations:

⇒ Initial Total Sum = 25 × 64 = 1600

⇒ Sum of marks misread = 44 + 46 + 61 = 151

⇒ Sum of actual marks = 54 + 64 + 67 = 185

⇒ Correct Total Sum = 1600 − 151 + 185

⇒ Correct Total Sum = 1600 + 34 = 1634

⇒ Correct Average = 1634 ÷ 25

⇒ Correct Average = 65.36

∴ The correct answer is 65.36.

Additional Information

Correction in Average

Correct Average = Old Average + [(Correct Value − Incorrect Value) ÷ Number of Items]. This formula avoids calculating the large total sum.

Weighted Average

When two groups with averages A₁ and A₂ and sizes n₁ and n₂ are combined, the new average is (n₁A₁ + n₂A₂) ÷ (n₁ + n₂).

Sum of Observations

The sum of all observations is always equal to the Average × Number of observations (Sum = Avg × n).

Given:

Principal = Rs. 12,000

Rate = 10% per annum

Time = 2 years

Formula Used:

Amount = P × (1 + $\frac{r}{n}$)^nt

Where, P = Principal, r = Rate, t = time(in years)

n = Number of times interest credited per year

Calculation:

For interest compounded annually, n = 1

Amount = 12000 × (1 + $\frac{10}{100}$)²

⇒ Amount = 12000 × (110/100)2

⇒ Amount = 12000 × (11/10)2 = 14520

⇒ CI = 14520 - 12000 = 2520

For interest compounded half yearly, n = 2

Amount = 12000 × (1 + $\frac{10}{2 × 100}$)2×2

⇒ Amount = 12000 × (1 + $\frac{5}{100}$)4

⇒ Amount = 12000 × (105/100)4 = 14586.075 ≈ 14586

⇒ CI = 14586 - 12000 = 2586

Difference in CI = 2586 - 2520 = 66 rupees

∴ The difference in CI is 66 rupees.

Alternate Method

Concept:

Compound Interest difference = P[(1 + r/2n)^(2nt) - (1 + r/n)^(nt)]

Calculation:

⇒ Difference = Rs. 12,000[(1 + 0.1/4)⁽⁴²⁾ - (1 + 0.1/2)⁽²²⁾] = Rs. 66 (approximately)

∴ The difference in CI is 66 rupees.

Given:

Teena spends 30% of salary on food,

30% of the rest on fuel,

Savings = Rs. 4900

Concept:

Total income = Expense + Savings

Calculation:

⇒ Salary = Rs. 4900/[1 - 0.3 - 0.3(1 - 0.3)] = Rs. 10,000

Therefore, Teena's salary is Rs. 10,000.

The correct answer is "cheerful."

 Key Points

• The word 'cranky' means irritable or easily annoyed. (विचित्र; सनकी)
• Example: As children, we did not know that his cranky ideas could be dangerous.
• The antonym of 'cranky' is 'cheerful.'
• "Cheerful" means happy and optimistic. (प्रसन्‍न, प्रमुदित; हँसमुख)
• Example: Bhavna is always very cheerful.
• The company of friends made the person feel cheerful, which is the opposite of feeling cranky.
• Grammatically, 'cheerful' is an adjective that describes the person's mood.
• The correct answer is Option 3.
  

​

Correct sentence: The company of friends made her feel cheerful, as she was all alone in her apartment.

Additional Information

• Option 1 (awful) means very bad or unpleasant. (बहुत बुरा, अत्‍यधिक अरुचिकर)
• Option 2 (wishful) means having or expressing a desire or hope for something to happen. (किसी चीज़ के घटित होने की इच्छा या आशा रखना या व्यक्त करना)
• Option 4 (fearful) means feeling afraid or anxious. (भयभीत या चिंतित)

The correct answer is "Interesting."

 Key Points

• "Fascinating" means extremely interesting or captivating. (आकर्षक, मोहक)
• Example: The documentary on the history of ancient civilizations was truly fascinating.
• Synonyms of Fascinating include captivating, intriguing, engrossing, interesting, etc.
• "Interesting" means enjoyable and entertaining; holding your attention. (आनंदप्रद और मनोरंजक; ध्‍यान को बाँधकर रखने वाला, रोचक)
• Example: This is an interesting book.
• The correct answer is Option 1.

 Additional Information

• Option 2: Dominating means having power and influence over others. (अन्‍यों की अपेक्षा अधिक सशक्त और प्रभावशाली होना)
• Option 3: Revolting means causing intense disgust or nausea. (अत्‍यंत अरुचिकर; घृणाजनक)
• Option 4: Intimidating means making someone feel frightened or nervous. (डराने वाला, धमकी भरा, अभित्रासकीय)

The correct answer is "Hide."

Key Points

• 'Symbolise' means to represent or stand for something. (किसी का प्रतीक होना)
• Example: The deepest notes in music are often used to symbolise danger or despair.
• 'Hide' means to conceal or keep out of sight. (व्‍यक्ति या वस्‍तु को ऐसी जगह रखना जहाँ कोई देख न सके, छिपाना; किसी वस्‍तु को ऐसे ढकना कि वह दिखाई न दे, छिपा देना)
• Example: Where shall I hide the money?
• The antonym of "symbolise" is "Hide."
• The correct answer is Option 1.
  

Additional Information

• Option 2 (Link) means to connect or associate. (व्‍यकि्तयों या वस्‍तुओं के बीच संपक र्सूत्र या संबंध स्‍थापित करना, व्‍यकि्तयों या वस्‍तुओं को जोड़ना)
• Option 3 (Slide) means to move smoothly and easily. (किसी चीज़ का बिना अटके सरकना या उसे सरकाना)
• Option 4 (Align) means to arrange in a straight line or in correct relative positions. (पंक्तिबद्घ करना, सीध मिलाना)

The correct answer is "Frekquent."

Key Points

• The correct spelling is "Frequent" with a "u" instead of an "e."
• "Frequent" means occurring or appearing often, while "Frekquent" is an incorrect spelling of the word. (प्रायः घटित होने वाला, बार-बार होने वाला; बहुल)
• Example: His visits became less frequent.
• Other options in the question are spelled correctly.
• The correct answer is Option 2.
  

Additional Information

• "Coherent" means (ideas, thoughts, etc.) clear and easy to understand; logical. ((विचार आदि) स्‍पष्‍ट और सुबोध; सुसंगत)
• "Collide" means to crash; to hit somebody/something very hard while moving. (गतिमान वस्‍तुओं का टकराना; टकराव होना)
• "Ferocious" means very aggressive and violent. (अति आक्रामक और हिंसक; उग्र व ख़ूनख्‍़वार)

The correct answer is "Speaking with an eloquent expression to convince people."

 Key Points

• The idiom 'silver tongue' refers to the ability to speak in a persuasive and convincing manner. (प्रेरक और आश्वस्त तरीके से बोलने की क्षमता)
• Example: He had a silver tongue - the most eloquent man I ever heard.
• It is often used to describe someone who is skilled at using language to influence others.
• The term 'silver tongue' has a positive connotation and suggests a certain level of charm and charisma.
• People with a silver tongue are often seen as natural leaders and are able to inspire and motivate others.
• The correct answer is Option 3.

The correct answer is "She have". 

Key Points

• "By the time" is a temporal expression indicating when the first action (her leaving) will be completed.
• It establishes a point in time before which the action will be finished.
• There are two structure that are related to the phrase "By the time". 
• Structure 1: By the time I reach the station, (Simple Present) the train will have left. (Future Perfect)
• Structure 2: By the time I reached the station (Simple Past), the train had left. (Past Perfect)
• As per the structure 1 "She will have left" uses the future perfect tense.
• The future perfect tense is formed by combining "will have" with the past participle of the verb.
• In this case, the verb is "left," which is the past participle of "leave."
• The future perfect tense is used to express an action that will be completed before another action in the future.
• And "I reach home" is in the simple present tense and indicates the second action, which is reaching home.
• The use of "I reach home" suggests a point in the future when the speaker will arrive home.
• Putting it all together, the sentence conveys that the action of "her leaving" will be completed before the speaker reaches home in the future.
• The future perfect tense is appropriate in this context because it emphasizes the completion of the action before a specified point in the future.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 3". 

Therefore, the correct answer is: She will have left by the time I reach home.

The correct answer is "Spectacular."

 Key Points

• "Splendid" means very good; excellent. (बहुत अच्‍छा; अत्‍युत्तम)
• Example: What a splendid idea!
• "Spectacular" means impressive or sensational. ((देखने में) बहुत शानदार और भव्‍य)
• Example: The fireworks display was absolutely spectacular.
• Splendid and Spectacular both refer to something that is very impressive or beautiful.
• The correct answer is Option 3.

 Additional Information

• Option 1 (Stationary): This refers to something that is not moving, like a stationary bike or a stationary object. (खड़ा हुआ; स्थिर, गतिहीन)
• Option 2 (Authentic): This refers to something that is genuine or real, like authentic Italian food or an authentic piece of art. (प्रामाणिक, असली)
• Option 4 (Enticing): This refers to something that is tempting or attractive, like an enticing offer or an enticing aroma. (लुभाने वाला, सम्‍मोहक)

The correct answer is "Meticulous."

 Key Points

• "Meticulous" means showing great attention to detail; precise. (ब्‍योरों पर बहुत ध्‍यान देने वाला या ब्‍योरों को बहुत ध्यान से दिखाने वाला; बहुत सतर्क, अति सावधान)
• Example: Many hours of meticulous preparation have gone into writing the book.
  
• The correct spelling of the word is "meticulous," not "maticulous."
• Other options are correctly spelled words with different meanings.
• The correct answer is Option 2.

 Additional Information

• "Enterprising" means having or showing initiative and resourcefulness. (नई योजनाएँ बनाने या नए उद्यमों को शुरू करने की क्षमता से संपन्‍न; उद्यमी)
• "Erroneous" means wrong; incorrect. (अशुद्घ; ग़लत सूचना पर आधारित)
• "Potable" means safe to drink; drinkable. ((पानी) पीने के लिए सुरक्षित)

The correct answer is "Someone who is the greatest threat to a group or community."

 Key Points

• The idiom "public enemy number one" refers to a person or group that is considered the greatest threat to a community or society. (कोई व्यक्ति या समूह जिसे किसी समुदाय या समाज के लिए सबसे बड़ा खतरा माना जाता है)
• Example: In many countries today, drug abuse is public enemy number one.
• This phrase is often used in the context of law enforcement, where a criminal or terrorist may be labeled as "public enemy number one" due to the danger they pose to the public.
• The term "public enemy" originally referred to a person who was wanted by law enforcement for a crime, but has since evolved to encompass a broader range of threats to society.
• The correct answer is Option 2.

The correct answer is "and."

Key Points

• "And" is a conjunction that connects two words or phrases of the same type, indicating that both are included in the statement.
• In this sentence, "Shakespeare was both a dramatist and a poet" means that he was both a writer of plays and a writer of poetry.
• The correct answer is Option 4.
  

Additional Information

• "When not" suggests a condition or circumstance in which something is not the case.
• Example: I usually eat breakfast, but when I'm in a hurry, I don't.
• "As well as" is often used to indicate an additional item or action.
• Example: I bought apples as well as oranges at the grocery store.
• "Or" is used to present a choice between two options.
• Example: Do you want tea or coffee?

The correct answer is "have been working here."

Key Points 

• Using the present perfect, we can define a period of time before now by considering its duration, with for + a period of time.
• The sentence is in present perfect tense, which requires the auxiliary verb "have" followed by the past participle form of the main verb (in this case, "been working").
• Example: Alice has been married for three months.
• Option 2 is incorrect because it uses the third person singular form "is" instead of "am."
• Option 3 is incorrect because it uses the past tense "was" instead of the present perfect tense "have been."
• Option 4 is incorrect because it uses the present participle form "having been working", which is not appropriate for this sentence structure.
• The correct answer is Option 1.
  

Correct sentence: I have been working here for the past ten years.

The correct answer is "Condemn."

Key Points

• "Dignify" means to give honor or respect to something or someone. ((कुछ) योग्य और प्रभावशाली बनाना)
• Example: Tragic literature dignifies sorrow and disaster.
• "Condemn" means to express strong disapproval or criticism towards something or someone. (किसी की तीव्र निंदा करना; दोषी या अपराधी ठहराना)
• Example: A government spokesman condemned the bombing as a cowardly act of terrorism.
• Therefore, the most appropriate antonym of dignify is condemn.
• The correct answer is Option 1.

Additional Information 

• Option 2 (Adorn) means to decorate or add beauty to something. (अधिक आकर्षक या मोहक बनाने के लिए सजाना)
  
• Option 3 (Oblige) means to make someone legally or morally bound to do something. (किसी व्‍यक्ति को बाध्य करना (किसी काम के लिए))
• Option 4 (Cure) means to heal or treat an illness or problem. ((रोगी को) पुनः स्‍वस्‍थ कर देना; रोगमुक्त करना)

The correct answer is "gild."

 Key Points

• "Gild" means to cover something with a thin layer of gold. (किसी चीज़ को सोने की पतली परत से ढकना).
• Example: Her bracelet was gild.
• ​"Coated with gold" means "gild."
• The correct answer is Option 3.
  

Additional Information

• "Gilled" is the past participle form of "gill," which means to cut the gills out of a fish. (मछली के गलफड़ों को काटना)
• "Gel" can refer to a hair styling product, a substance used in laboratory experiments, or a dessert. (एक गाढ़ा पदार्थ (द्रव और ठोस के बीच का), जैल, जेली)
• "Guild" refers to a group of people with a common interest or profession. (समान व्‍यवसाय, अभिरुचि या लक्ष्‍य वाले व्‍यक्तियों का संगठन; गिल्‍ड)

The correct answer is "not only have the ability to read voraciously but also have."

Key Points

• The sentence requires parallelism in structure, which is achieved by using "not only...but also" to connect two phrases of equal importance.
• Example: Lily eats not only string beans but also broccoli.
• The phrase "have the ability to read voraciously" is already in the correct form, so the only necessary addition is "also have" to complete the parallel structure.
• The correct answer is Option 4.
  

Correct sentence: One must not only have the ability to read voraciously but also have the necessary training in comprehending and remembering all the relevant details.

The correct answer is "quash."

 Key Points

• "Quash" means to suppress or put an end to something, especially forcibly. (बल प्रयोग से किसी को दबा या कुचल देना)
• Example: The revolt was swiftly quashed by government troops.
• The sentence suggests that scientists were able to put an end to the outbreak using a new immunisation.
• The word "quickly" indicates that the solution was effective and efficient.
• The correct answer is Option 4.
  

Correct sentence: Scientists are able to quickly quash the outbreak through a new immunisation.

 Additional Information

• "Quench" means to satisfy one's thirst or desire, or to extinguish a fire or flame. ((पानी आदि पीकर) प्‍यास बुझाना)
• "Scatter" means to throw or disperse something in different directions. ((लोगों या पशुओं के समूह का) तितर-बितर हो जाना, विभिन्‍न दिशाओं में तेज़ी से बिखर जाना)
• "Quest" means a search or pursuit of something. (लंबी खोज या तलाश (कुछ दुष्‍कर वस्‍तु के लिए))

The correct answer is "audience". 

Key Points

• "Audience" is the appropriate word given the context of public speaking, which is the subject of the passage.(श्रोता)
• When someone is giving a speech or a presentation, they're addressing an audience.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 1". 

Additional Information

• "Adult" doesn't fit the context of public speaking.(वयस्क)
• We use this term when we talk about individuals who are fully grown or mature, irrespective of them being part of a public speaking context or not.
• "Accomplice" refers to a person who helps another commit a crime and doesn't fit the context of the sentence.(साथी)
• "Association" generally refers to a connection, relation, or involvement between two or more parties.(संगठन)
• It can also refer to an organized body of individuals who have an interest, activity, or purpose in common.
• Although you might have an association with an audience, in this context, it's more accurate to say you're addressing the audience directly.

The correct answer is "hindrance". 

Key Points

• "Hindrance" fits best in the context of the sentence as it refers to something that provides resistance, delay, or obstruction to an action or process, in this case, the process of thinking while speaking in front of an audience.
• An audience should inspire and motivate the speaker, not inhibit their thinking.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 1". 

Additional Information

• "Briefing" - Generally refers to giving instructions or information to a person or group, often in the form of a detailed set of orders or a summary of events that is not applicable in this context.
• "Catch" - While this term can refer to a hidden difficulty or obstacle, its use in this phrase would be awkward and uncommon.
• 'Catch' is usually used in the context of 'there's a catch' not in the sense being used in the passage.
• "Choice" - Refers to an act of choosing between two or more possibilities, but here, it doesn't fit the context.
• As it's not the audience's choice that could likely impact the speaker's thinking process during public speaking.

The correct answer is "experience". 

Key Points

• "Experience" is the appropriate word given the context.
• The passage talks about forms of fear and anxiety related to public speaking, which even good speakers may go through.
• In this context, "experience" means to undergo or feel, so it fits perfectly.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 1". 

Additional Information

• "Accorded" doesn't fit the context of the sentence.
• "Accord" means to give or grant someone power, status, or recognition.
• In this sentence, we are trying to convey that even great speakers may undergo or feel stage fright, so "experience" is a better fit than "accorded."
• "Keened" is not a suitable choice here.
• "Keen" means to wail in grief for a dead person; keen over someone/something, which does not correlate to the context.
• "Saved" also doesn't fit in this sentence because we're talking about something that even great speakers undergo or feel, not something they avoid or save themselves from.

The correct answer is "Confidence."

 Key Points

• "Confidence" is the best fit in this context.
• "Confidence" means trust or strong belief in somebody/something. ((किसी पर) भरोसा या पक्‍का विश्‍वास)
• Example: The public is losing confidence in the present government.
• We are discussing the experience of public speaking, and confidence is something that public speakers certainly need to gain.
• Therefore "confidence" is the most suited word to go into blank no. 4.
• It aligns with the context of the struggle that public speakers face and the goal they might tend to achieve.
• Hence, the correct answer is Option 4.
• Correct passage:

The ability to think clearly and calmly while addressing a confidence is neither inborn nor difficult to develop. The presence of an audience should act as a stimulus and not as a ______ (2) ______ to thought. Audience fright can be overcome through training and practice. Even great speakers ______ (3) ______ stage fright and self-consciousness. Every speaker gets worked up and experiences strain, shock, and excitement before he or she begins to talk. But every speaker who is struggling to gain ______ (4) ______ should remember that all meritorious public

speaking is accompanied by a little ______ (5) ______.

Additional Information

• Merit: the quality of being good. (गुण, ख़ूबी, अच्‍छाई)
• Profit: the money that you make when you sell something for more than it cost you. (लागत से अधिक दाम पर बेचने से प्राप्‍त धन; नफ़ा, लाभ, फ़ायदा)
• Money: the means of paying for something or buying something [coins or notes]. (धन, पैसा (सिक्‍के या नोट))

The correct answer is "nervousness". 

Key Points

• "Nervousness" is a perfect fit because it's normal to feel a bit nervous before speaking in public, even for those who are experienced or confident.
• This word accurately reflects the slight fear or anxiety that comes with public speaking, making it the right choice.
• So, the best choice from the given options for blank no. 5 is "nervousness".
• ​It aligns with the natural anxiety a public speaker might experience, which the passage intends to acknowledge.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 3". 

Additional Information

• "Childishness" doesn't fit in the context.
• The fear or tension that comes with public speaking isn't related to immaturity or child-like behavior.
• "Happiness" also isn't a fit because, while public speaking may bring joy to some, it isn't inherently associated with happiness, and the context of this passage suggests a slightly intimidating or challenging experience, not a joyous one.
• "Trick" doesn't make sense in this context.
• The term usually means a cunning or skillful act or scheme intended to deceive or outwit someone, which has nothing to do with the given context about the inherent challenges of public speaking.

अशुद्ध वाक्य है- मेरे पर कृपा करो। अन्य सभी विकल्प असंगत है।

Key Points 

• अशुद्ध वाक्य​ - मेरे पर कृपा करो।
• दिए गये वाक्य में 'सर्वनाम प्रयोग' की त्रुटि है।
• यहाँ 'मेरे' सार्थक शब्द नही है और इससे सही अर्थ प्रकट नही हो रहा।
• अत: सार्थक शब्द 'मुझ' होना चाहिए।
• शुद्ध वाक्य- मुझ पर कृपा करो।

Important Pointsसर्वनाम संबंधी अशुद्धियाँ:-

Additional Information

'ईश्वर में विश्वास करने वाला' वाक्यांश के लिए उपयुक्त सार्थक शब्द है- आस्तिक ​अन्य विकल्प असंगत है। 

Key Points 

• ईश्वर में विश्वास करने वाला - आस्तिक

अन्य विकल्प-

 Additional Informationक��छ महत्वपूर्ण वाक्यांश के लिए एक शब्द:-

'समर्थन' के विलोम शब्द है- विरोध अन्य सभी विकल्प असंगत है। 

Key Points 

• वाक्य- सद् कार्यों को हमेशा समर्थन मिलता है और गलत का विरोध होता है।
• वाक्य में रेखांकित शब्द 'समर्थन' का विलोम शब्द 'विरोध' होगा।
• 'समर्थन' का अर्थ- किसी के मत या विचार पर सहमति जताने की क्रिया, अनुमोदन, (सपोर्ट)।
• 'विरोध' का अर्थ- अवरोध, रुकावट, बाधा, प्रतिकूलता।

Important Points अन्य विकल्प:-

Additional Information कुछ अन्य महत्वपूर्ण विलोम शब्द:-

'नेता बनना हो तो मंत्री जी के साथ अमरबेल बन जाओ' वाक्य के रिक्त स्थान में सबसे उपयुक्त मुहावरा होगा। अन्य सभी विकल्प असंगत है। 

Key Points 

Important Points 

 कुछ महत्वपूर्ण मुहावरा, अर्थ और उनके वाक्य प्रयोग:- 

Additional Information 

वाक्य में रेखांकित शब्द के स्थान पर सर्वोचित शब्द होगा - आग्रह ​अन्य विकल्प असंगत है। ​

Key Points

• 'आश्वासन' का अर्थ- दिलसा, तसल्ली, सांत्वना।
• वाक्य में **'**आश्वासन' शब्द के प्रयोग से सही अर्थ प्रकट नही हो रहा।
• अत: सार्थक शब्द 'आग्रह' होना चाहिए।
• 'आग्रह' का अर्थ- किसी बात पर बार-बार जोर देना।
• वाक्य- इलाहाबाद के लोगों के आग्रह पर यमुना नदी पर पुल बना दिया गया।

Additional Information 

आज क्रिकेट के खेल में साहिल ने मैदान मार लिया। रिक्त स्थान में उचित शब्द द्वारा मुहावरे को पूरा किया जा सकता है। अन्य सभी विकल्प असंगत है। 

Key Points 

Important Points कुछ महत्वपूर्ण मुहावरा, अर्थ और उनके वाक्य प्रयोग:- 

Additional Information 

'जड़' शब्द के विलोम से दिए गए वाक्य के रिक्त स्थान पूरा कर सकते है- चेतन अन्य सभी विकल्प असंगत है। 

Key Points

• वाक्य- हमें अपने चेतन मन से ईश्वर को अनुभव करना चाहिए।
• वाक्य में रेखांकित शब्द 'जड़' का विलोम शब्द 'चेतन' होगा।
• 'जड़' का अर्थ - नींव, आधार स्थल।
• 'चेतन' का अर्थ - जीवन की स्प्रिट, ताक़त, जीवन।

Important Pointsअन्य विकल्प-