SSC GD Constable (2022) Official Paper (Held On : 02 Feb 2023 Shift 1) (Previous Year Paper)

Logic : Seven people, A, B, C, D, E, F and G are sitting in a straight row, facing north.

Explanation : 

1) A sits second from the left.

2) Only two people sit between A and C.

3) Only three people sit between D and F and D is an immediate neighbour of A.

4) B is an immediate neighbour of D and E is not an immediate neighbour of C.

After positioning B and E only one position is left which will be occupied by the only person left i.e G.

Thus, according to the final arrangement three people i.e D, B and C sit between A and G.

Hence, "3" is the correct answer.

Logic : Double addition series is added subsequently.

Hence, "11" is the correct answer.

Given : Six students are sitting around a circular table facing the centre.

Explanation : 

1) D sits second to the right of E.

2. F sits second to the right of D.

3) B is an immediate neighbour of E and sits second to the right of C.

4) F is an immediate neighbour of A.

5) A is not an immediate neighbour of E.

Thus, according to the final arrangement F and C sits between E and A from the right of A.

Hence, "F and C" is the correct answer.

Logic : Alternately opposite letter is written and (2) is added to the position value according to English alphabetic series respectively.

So,

• 'DEVOUR' is written as 'WGEQFT'

• 'VARIED' is written as 'ECIKVF'

​

Similarly, 

• 'BLANKET' is written as :

Hence, "YNZPPGG" is the correct answer.

Logic : Each number is first multiplied by and subtracted from (3) subsequently.

Hence, "690" is the correct answer.

Given statement : 54 + 18 ÷ 9 - 36 × 16 = 88

According to the question, after interchanging the two signs :

So,

• Option - (1) : ÷ and +

54 + 18 ÷ 9 - 36 × 16 = 88 ⇒ 54 ÷ 18 + 9 - 36 × 16 = 88

3 + 9 - 36 × 16 = 88

3 + 9 - 576 = 88

12 - 576 = 88

-564 ≠ 88 (LHS ≠ RHS)

• Option - (2) : + and -

54 + 18 ÷ 9 - 36 × 16 = 88 ⇒ 54 - 18 ÷ 9 + 36 × 16 = 88

54 - 2 + 36 × 16 = 88

54 + 576 - 2 = 88 

630 - 2 = 88

628 ≠ 88 (LHS ≠ RHS)

• Option - (3) : × and +

54 + 18 ÷ 9 - 36 × 16 = 88 ⇒ 54 × 18 ÷ 9 - 36 + 16 = 88

54 × 2 - 36 + 16 = 88

108 + 16 - 36 = 88

124 - 36 = 88

88 = 88 (LHS = RHS)

• Option - (4) : ÷ and x

54 + 18 ÷ 9 - 36 × 16 = 88 ⇒ 54 + 18 × 9 - 36 ÷ 16 = 88

54 + 18 × 9 - 2.25 = 88

54 + 162 - 2.25 = 88

216 - 2.25 = 88

213.75 ≠ 88 (LHS ≠ RHS)

Hence, "Option - (3)" is the correct answer.

Logic : (1) is subtracted from the position value according to English alphabetic series.

So,

• MEMBRANE : LDLAQZMD

​

Similarly, 

• PRIVILEGE : ?

Hence, "OQHUHKDFD" is the correct answer.

Logic : (2) is added to and subtracted from the position value according to English alphabetic series alternately.

So,

Hence, "GLJC" is the correct answer.

After replacing the symbols by their meaning, we get:

1. 10 + 3 - 2 × 9 ÷ 2 = 21 2. 20 ÷ 4 × 6 - 9 + 4 = 25

⇒ 5 × 6 - 9 + 4 = 25

⇒ 30 - 9 + 4 = 25

⇒ 34 - 9 = 25

⇒ 25 = 25

3. 10 ÷ 2 + 3 ÷ 9 × 2 = 8 4. 20 + 6 - 4 × 9 ÷ 6 = 32

Hence, ‘20 - 4 + 6 ÷ 9 × 4 = 25’ is the correct answer.

The option which represents the correct order of the given words as they would appear in the English dictionary is:

4. pigeon
5. pigment 
6. pilot
7. pipette
8. pivot

Hence, '4, 5, 1, 3, 2' is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Similarly,

Hence, 'IJKL' is the correct answer.

The image embedded in given figure is as shown below:

Hence, 'option 4' is the correct answer.

By using the symbols in the table given below, we can draw the following family tree:

Clearly, Maria is daughter of the woman in the photograph.

Hence, ‘Daughter’ is the correct answer.

The least possible Venn diagram is:

Conclusions:

I. All cots are taps. → Follows (As, All cots are tables and All tables are taps → Clearly, All cots are taps)

II. Some taps are tables. → Follows (As, All tables are taps → Clearly, Some taps are tables)

III. Some beds are cots. → Does not follow (As, there is no definite relation between beds and cots. Hence, false)

Hence, 'Only conclusions I and II follow' is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Hence, 'OKNK' is the correct answer.

The paper when unfolded will appear as shown below:

Hence, 'option 2' is the correct answer.

The correct mirror image of the given figure when the mirror is placed at MN is shown below:

Hence, 'option 3' is the correct answer.

The logic followed in the given figure series is:

From Figure (1) to (2):

The shape rotates 90 degrees in the clockwise direction and the symbols are moving as shown below, where the last symbol is changed.

From Figure (2) to (3):

The shape rotates 90 degrees in the clockwise direction and the symbols are moving as shown below, where the last symbol is changed.

From Figure (3) to (4):

The shape rotates 90 degrees in the clockwise direction and the symbols are moving as shown below, where the last symbol is changed.

From Figure (4) to (5):

The shape rotates 90 degrees in the clockwise direction and the symbols are moving as shown below, where the last symbol is changed.

From Figure (5) to Answer Figure:

The shape rotates 90 degrees in the clockwise direction and the symbols are moving as shown below, where the last symbol is changed.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: (First number ÷ 2) × 5 = Second number

• 18 : 45 → (18 ÷ 2) × 5 = 9 × 5 = 45
• 30 : 75 → (30 ÷ 2) × 5 = 15 × 5 = 75

Similarly,

• ? : 60 → (24 ÷ 2) × 5 = 12 × 5 = 60

​Hence, '24' is the correct answer.

The code for each letter is shown below:

Clearly, 'tu' is the code for the word 'days'.

Hence, ‘tu’ is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Potential, developed stock, and reserves.

Key Points

• Resources are classified on the basis of their status of development which includes potential, developed stock, and reserves.
• Potential resources are those that are not yet developed but are believed to exist in a particular area. For example, minerals in a particular region that are yet to be explored.
• Developed stock resources are those that are currently being used and are available in the environment. For example, forests, fisheries, and wildlife.
• Reserves are the resources that have been identified and are available for use in the future. For example, fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas.
• Biotic resources are living resources such as forests, fisheries, and wildlife, while abiotic resources are non-living resources such as minerals, rocks, and water.
• Renewable resources are those that can be replenished naturally over time, such as solar, wind, and hydro energy. Non-renewable resources are those that cannot be replenished naturally, such as fossil fuels.

Additional Information

1. Potential Resources: Potential resources are those which are found in a region, but have not been utilized.
2. For example, solar energy and wind energy, available in Rajasthan and Gujarat, have not been developed properly.
3. Developed Resources: Developed resources are those that are estimated in terms of their quantity and quality for utilization, e.g., water, soil, and forests.
4. Stock Resources: Materials in the environment that have the potential to satisfy human needs but are not technologically accessible to human beings, e.g., the use of water as a rich source of energy.
5. Reserve Resources: A Reserve is a part of the stock that can be put to use in the near future with the help of existing technology, e.g., water in dams, forests.

The correct answer is Introduced GST (Goods and Services Tax).

Key Points

• 101^st Amendment Act, 2016  Introduced GST (Goods and Services Tax).
• The 101 Constitutional Amendment Act was instrumental in conducting in India's Goods and Services Tax (GST).
• The Goods and Services Tax replaced all the erstwhile indirect taxes that were levied on the manufacture, sale, and consumption of goods and services across the country.
• The fundamental objective of GST was to build a common market with a constant tax rate in India.
• The goods and services tax eradicates the initial taxes for the same transaction as input tax credits.
• It seeks to increase revenue as it brings more taxpayers by growing the tax base.

Additional InformationSome important constitutional amendments

The correct answer is Mohiniattam.

Key Points

• Mohiniyattam is one of the two classical dance forms that originated in Kerala, the other one being Kathakali.
• Mohiniyattam gets its name from the word ‘Mohini’, the feminine form of Lord Vishnu, the word means ‘dance of Mohini’.
• Dr Sunanda Nair became the first in India to acquire a Master’s degree in Mohiniyattam. She completed her PhD thesis in Intrinsic Lyrical Feminism in Mohiniyattam from Mumbai University.
• Mohiniyattam is based on Natya Shastra’s lasya style.
• It has delicate movements and more feminine facial expressions.
• The movements are gentle and glide-like. They do not have terse rhythmic steps.
• More emphasis is on the facial expressions and hand gestures.

Additional Information

• The classical dance forms recognised by the Sangeet Natak Akademi and the Ministry of Culture are:​

The correct answer is Justice Rituraj Awasthi.

Key Points

• The Government of India (GoI) appointed a Chairperson and Members of the 22^nd Law Commission of India, which was notified on 24^th February 2020.
• Justice Rituraj Awasthi, retired Chief Justice of Karnataka High Court is appointed as the chairperson of the 22^nd Law Commission of India, and 4 others are appointed as members.
• The commission would have a tenure of 3 years with effect from the date of publication of the order of the Constitution in the Official Gazette.
• The 22^nd law Commission was vacant since the retirement of former Supreme Court Judge Justice BS Chauhan in 2018.
• The Law Commission of India is a non-statutory body, under the Union Ministry of Law & Justice that was first constituted in 1955, by a notification of the GoI, for a definite term to carry out research in the field of law.
• Full-time members of the commission are Justice Ravi R. Tripathi and S. Siva Kumar.

Additional Information  Law Commission of India

• Law Commission of India is an executive body established by an order of the Government of India.
• The Commission's function is to research and advise the Government of India on legal reform, and is composed of legal experts, and headed by a retired judge.
• The commission is established for a fixed tenure and works as an advisory body to the Ministry of Law and Justice.

The correct answer is The Chairman of Rajya Sabha (Vice President) presides over a Joint Session.

Key Points

• In the absence of the Speaker, Deputy Speaker presides over it with regard to a joint sitting of the Parliament.

• It was the first time he addressed the newly elected 17^th Loksabha.

• Article 108: 

• Article 108 of the Indian Constitution of India provides for Joint sitting of both Houses.

• The joint sitting of the Parliament is called by the President.

• It is presided over by the Speaker or, in their absence, by the Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha or in their absence, the Deputy-Chairperson of the Rajya Sabha.

• The Chairperson doesn't preside over the joint session at any means/cost.

• In India, if an ordinary bill has been rejected by any house of the parliament and if more than six months have elapsed.

• The President may summon a joint session for purpose of passing the bill.

• The bill is passed by a simple majority of a joint sitting.

Additional Information

• All executive power is vested in the President of India.
• The Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister aids and advises the President who exercises his powers in accordance with such advice.
• Constitutional Provision:
• Article 87 of the constitution provides two instances when the President specially addresses both Houses of Parliament.
• The President of India addresses both the Rajya Sabha and the Lok Sabha.
• Sabha at the beginning of the first session after each general election when the reconstituted lower house meets for the first time.
• The President also addresses both the houses at the beginning of the first session of each year.
• The President’s speech essentially highlights the government’s policy priorities and plans for the upcoming year.
• The address provides a broad framework of the government’s agenda and direction.
• Quorum:
• The quorum to constitute a joint sitting shall be one-tenth of the total number of members of the Houses.
• Procedure:
• The procedures of joint sessions are subject to modifications and variations as the Speaker may consider necessary or appropriate.
• Time of sitting:
• The duration and adjournment of the joint sitting shall be determined by the Speaker.
• Summons to members:
• The Secretary-General shall issue summons to each member specifying the time and place for a joint sitting.
• Apart from this, the joint sitting of both the houses is also held to resolve the deadlock over the passing of key legislation.
• Not all bills can be referred to a joint sitting of Parliament.
• There are two exceptions:
• Money bill under Article 110.
• Constitution amendment bill under Article 368.

The correct answer is Sharad Pawar.

Key Points

• Sharad Pawar is a veteran politician and a former Chief Minister of Maharashtra.
• He is one of the founders of the Nationalist Congress Party (NCP), which was formed in 1999 after he split from the Indian National Congress.
• The symbol is situated on a tri-colored Indian flag.
• The election symbol of NCP is an analog alarm clock.
• The clock is drawn in blue and has two legs and an alarm button.

Additional Information

• Nationalist Congress Party (NCP), is a national political party in India.
• The NCP has described itself as a “millennial party with a modern and progressive orientation” with an ideology of “holistic democracy,” “Gandhian secularism,” and “federalism-based national unity.”
• It has called for a “democratic secular society wedded to equality and social justice.”
• The NCP was formally established in June 1999 in New Delhi by three former members of the Indian National Congress (Congress Party)—Sharad Pawar, Purno Sangma, and Tariq Anwar—after they had been expelled from that party for demanding that only a person born in India should be allowed to become the country’s president, vice president, or prime minister.
• The issue arose after Sonia Gandhi, the Italian-born widow of former prime minister Rajiv Gandhi, became leader of the Congress Party and thus ordinarily would become the candidate for prime minister if the party were to gain a parliamentary majority and form a government.
• Pawar was elected president of the NCP, and Sangma and Anwar became its general secretaries.
• None of the NCP’s election manifestos, however, has highlighted the foreigner issue.

Important Points

• Supriya Sule, who is the daughter of Sharad Pawar, is a prominent leader of the NCP and a member of parliament from Baramati, Maharashtra. She is also the party's Deputy Leader in the Lok Sabha.
• Nawab Malik is another senior leader of the NCP and a member of the Maharashtra Legislative Council. He has held various positions in the party, including spokesperson and general secretary.
• Eknath Shinde is a leader of the Shiv Sena, which is a political party in Maharashtra and a former ally of the NCP. He is currently the Minister for Urban Development in the Maharashtra government.

The correct answer is Matki.

Key Points

• Matki:
• It is a community dance of Malwa in Madhya Pradesh.
• The dancers move rhythmically to the beating of a drum, locally called Matki.
• It is Initiated by a lone woman locally called Jhela.

Additional Information

 

• Padyani is a ritualistic dance form performed in the Yakshagana tradition of Karnataka.
• Thirayattam is a ritualistic dance form performed in Kerala during temple festivals.
• Dandia Raas is a popular folk dance form from Gujarat, where men and women dance with sticks in their hands.

The correct answer is expands.

 Key Points

• "expands," is the correct answer because exporting manufactured goods can lead to increased trade and commerce.
• By exporting goods, a company can expand its customer base beyond its domestic market, leading to increased sales and revenue.
• "reduces," is incorrect because exporting goods typically leads to increased trade and commerce, not a reduction.
• "contracts," is also incorrect for the same reason as option 1.
• "weakens," is not a direct result of exporting manufactured goods and is therefore incorrect.
• The keyword "manufactured goods" refers to products that have been processed or transformed from raw materials into finished products. This can include anything from electronics to clothing to furniture.

Additional Information

Trade balance:

• The balance of trade (BOT) is the difference between a country's imports and exports for a given period and is the most important component of a country's balance of payments (BOP).
• A trade deficit occurs when a country buys more goods and services than it exports in terms of value, whereas a trade surplus occurs when a country exports more goods and services than it imports.
• The phrase "trade" relates to the purchase and sale of things. When it is done on a global basis, however, it is referred to as imports and exports.
• Only visible items are recorded by BOT.

Trade during December 2022:

The correct answer is Mithali Raj - Tamil Nadu.

Key Points

• Mithali Raj was actually born in Jodhpur, Rajasthan, and not in Tamil Nadu, so option 4 is an incorrect match.
• Anjum Chopra, the former captain of the Indian women's cricket team, was born in New Delhi.
• Saina Nehwal, the badminton star, was born in Hisar, Haryana.
• Sania Mirza, a tennis player, was born in Mumbai, Maharashtra.

Additional Information

• Anjum Chopra is a former Indian cricketer and commentator who played for the Indian women's cricket team from 1995 to 2011.
• Saina Nehwal is a badminton player who has won several international titles, including the Olympic bronze medal in 2012.
• Sania Mirza is a former world No. 1 in doubles and has won six Grand Slam titles in her career.
• Mithali Raj is the captain of the Indian women's cricket team and is regarded as one of the greatest female cricketers of all time.

The correct answer is Na2CO3. 10H2O.

Key Points

• Washing soda is a white crystalline powder that is used in laundry detergents and as a water softener.
• The chemical formula of washing soda is Na₂CO₃.10H₂O, which means it contains two sodium atoms, one carbon atom, three oxygen atoms, and ten water molecules.
• Ca(OH)₂ is calcium hydroxide, which is used in construction, as a flocculant in wastewater treatment, and as a food additive.
• Na₂SO₄ is sodium sulfate, which is used in the manufacture of detergents, glass, and paper, as well as in the textile and leather industries.
• NaHCO₃ is sodium bicarbonate, which is used as a leavening agent in baking and as an antacid to treat heartburn.

Additional Information

• Sodium Carbonate is the chemical name for ‘washing soda’ (Na2CO3.10H2O.).
• It is the water-soluble sodium salt of carbonic acid.
• It is well known domestically for its everyday use as a water softener.
• Washing soda is produced using Solvay's process.
• The process includes the reaction of Sodium Chloride with ammonia, and carbon dioxide, in water.
• Carbon Dioxide is produced through calcium carbonate from which calcium oxide that gets left is used in ammonia recovery from ammonium chloride.
• NaHCO3 is Sodium Bicarbonate.​

The correct answer is NSE.

Key Points

• Public sector companies are those that are owned and operated by the government.
• They are established to provide essential services to the public and contribute to the country's economic growth.
• Public sector companies are usually involved in **industries such as energy, healthcare, transportation, and defense.**​
• NSE (National Stock Exchange) is not a public sector company but a private company. 
• It is one of the leading stock exchanges in India and provides trading platforms for various financial instruments such as stocks, derivatives, and currencies.
• NSE was established in 1992 and has a market capitalization of over $2 trillion.

Additional Information 

• SAIL
• SAIL (Steel Authority of India Limited) is a public sector company owned by the Government of India.
• It is one of the largest steel-making companies in India and operates several steel plants across the country.
• SAIL is involved in the production and distribution of steel products for various industries such as construction, infrastructure, and automobile.
• ONGC
• ONGC (Oil and Natural Gas Corporation) is a public sector company owned by the Government of India.
• It is India's largest oil and gas exploration and production company and operates several oil fields across the country.
• ONGC is involved in the exploration, production, and distribution of oil and gas products for various industries such as energy, transportation, and petrochemicals.
• BHEL
• BHEL (Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited) is a public sector company owned by the Government of India.
• It is one of the largest engineering and manufacturing companies in India and specializes in the production of power equipment such as turbines, generators, and boilers.
• BHEL is involved in the design, development, and manufacturing of power equipment for various industries such as energy, infrastructure, and defense$.

The correct answer is Legal tender.

Key Points

• Fiat money is a type of currency that has no intrinsic value and is not backed by a physical commodity like gold or silver.
• Legal tender refers to the currency that is recognized by law as a valid means of payment for debts and taxes.
• Currency notes and coins are examples of fiat money because their value is determined by government decree, rather than any underlying value.
• Currency notes and coins are called fiat money.
• They do not have intrinsic value like that of gold or silver coins.
• Unlike commodity money, fiat money is not backed by any physical commodity instead it is backed by the order or authority of the government.
• They are also called legal tenders as they cannot be refused by any citizen of the country for settlement of any kind of transaction.
• The value of the currency notes and coins is derived from the guarantee provided by the issuing authority of these items. Every currency note bears on its face a promise from the Governor of RBI that if someone produces the note to RBI or any other commercial bank, RBI will be responsible for giving the person purchasing power equal to the value printed on the note.
• Fiat money gives central banks control over the economy because they decide how much currency has to be printed and in case if it prints too much, that can result in hyperinflation.
• Supply and demand relations in the market derive the value of Fiat Money.

Additional Information

• Legal tender laws vary by country but generally require individuals and businesses to accept the designated currency as payment for debts and taxes.
• Fiat money is the most common form of currency used today and is used by virtually every country in the world.
• Legal contracts, lease deeds, and loan deeds are all important legal documents used in various transactions, but they are not related to fiat money.

The correct answer is 51A.

Key Points

In 1976, the 42^nd Amendment to the Constitution was passed. Among other things, this amendment inserted a list of Fundamental Duties of Citizens. 

• Fundamental duties come under Part IVA and Article 51A.
• These duties are statutory and are not enforceable by law but are taken into account by the courts while adjudicating any matter.
• Fundamental Duties in the Constitution are inspired by USSR.
• List of Fundamental Duties of India
• To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem;
• To cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom;
• To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India;
• To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so;
• To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic, and regional or sectional diversities; to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women;
• To value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture;
• To protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers, and wildlife, and to have compassion for living creatures;
• To develop the scientific temper, humanism, and the spirit of inquiry and reform;
• To safeguard public property and to abjure violence;
• To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavor and achievement;
• Who is a parent or guardian, to provide opportunities for education to his child, or as the case may be, ward between the age of six to fourteen years.

 Additional Information

• Article 50 deals with the Separation of the judiciary from the executive.
• Article 52 deals with the President of India.
• Article 53 deals with the executive power of the Union.

The correct answer is the Tokyo Olympics 2020.

Key Points

• Bajrang Punia won the Bronze Medal in wrestling by defeating Daulet Niyazbekov in the 65 kg freestyle category at the Tokyo Olympics 2020.
• This was Bajrang Punia's first Olympic medal.
• He had previously won gold medals at the Asian Games and Commonwealth Games.
• Daulet Niyazbekov is a wrestler from Kazakhstan who has won medals at various international tournaments including the Asian Games and World Championships.
• London Olympics 2012, is incorrect as Bajrang Punia did not participate in the 2012 Olympics.
• Asian Games 2014, is partially correct as Bajrang Punia did win a gold medal at the 2014 Asian Games, but it was not for the event mentioned in the question.
• Commonwealth Games 2014, is also partially correct as Bajrang Punia did win a gold medal at the 2014 Commonwealth Games, but it was not for the event mentioned in the question.

The correct answer is organelles.

Key Points

• Organelles are specialized structures within a cell that perform specific functions. Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis, mitochondria produce energy for the cell, and Golgi bodies are involved in processing and packaging proteins.
• The term "cytoplasm" refers to the gel-like substance that fills a cell and surrounds the nucleus. It contains various organelles and provides a medium for cellular processes to occur.
• "cells", is incorrect as the cytoplasm itself is a part of the cell and contains organelles.
• "organs", and option 4, "tissues", are incorrect as they refer to structures found in multicellular organisms, whereas the cytoplasm and its organelles are found within individual cells.

Additional Information

Cytoplasm:

• It is the jelly-like substance present between the cell membrane and the nucleus.
• Various other components, or organelles, of cells are present in the cytoplasm.
• These are mitochondria, Golgi bodies, ribosomes, etc.
• It facilitates material exchange and storage among cell organelles.

The correct answer is Vindhyashakti.

Key Points

• Vindhyashakti was the founder of the Vakataka Dynasty, which ruled in central India from the 3^rd to the 5^th century CE.
• He was succeeded by his son Pravarasena I, who expanded the dynasty's territory and established its capital at Vatsagulma (modern-day Washim in Maharashtra).
• The Vakataka Empire was a dynasty of the Indian subcontinent, starting in the mid-3^rd century CE from the Deccan.
• It was a Brahmin dynasty.
• It is noted that the Vakatakas were patrons of the arts, architecture, and literature.
• Under the patronage of emperor Vakataka, Harishena, the rock-cut Buddhist viharas and chaityas of Ajanta Caves (a UNESCO World Heritage Site) were built.
• Nagabhata I was an Indian king who founded the Pratihara dynasty of imperial Gurjara.

Additional Information

• Pravarasena II, another son of Vindhyashakti, was also a prominent ruler of the Vakataka Dynasty who is known for his patronage of the arts and literature.
• Prabhavatigupta, on the other hand, was not a founder of the Vakataka Dynasty but rather a queen who ruled over it during its later period. She was the daughter of the Gupta emperor Chandragupta II and is known for her contributions to the arts and religion.
• It is important to note that the Vakataka Dynasty was contemporary with other prominent Indian dynasties such as the Guptas, the Pallavas, and the Chalukyas, and played a significant role in shaping the political and cultural landscape of ancient India.

The correct answer is Vaisakha.

Key Points

• Buddha Purnima is a festival celebrated by the followers of Gautam Buddha, which marks the birth anniversary of Buddha.
• The festival is celebrated in the Hindu month of Vaisakha, which falls between April and May in the Gregorian calendar.
• The celebration of Buddha Purnima involves paying homage to Buddha, offering prayers, and performing acts of kindness and charity.
• The day is also known as Vesak, Buddha Day, and Buddha Jayanti in different parts of the world.
• Vaisakha is the correct answer as Buddha Purnima is celebrated this month.
• On Buddha Purnima, it is believed that three important events of Buddha's life took place: his birth, his attainment of enlightenment, and his death, Parnirvana.
• Lumbini Museum in Nepal is an example of joint cooperation between India and Nepal.
• Babasaheb Ambedkar’s chair for Buddhist studies at Lumbini Buddhist University will be established.
• The Buddha’s first sermon is called Dharma Chakra Pravartana or the Turning of the Wheel of Law.
• At the age of 35, he attained enlightenment at Uruvella (Bodh Gaya) under a peepal tree.
• After 49 days of continuous meditation, he became fully enlightened and was known as Gautam Buddha/ Tathagata.

Additional Information

• Chaitra is the first month of the Hindu calendar, which falls in March-April and marks the beginning of the new year. Many Hindu festivals such as Holi, Navratri, and Gudi Padwa are celebrated in this month.
• Phalguna is the twelfth month of the Hindu calendar, which falls in February-March. The festival of Holi is celebrated in this month.
• Magha is the eleventh month of the Hindu calendar, which falls in January-February. The festival of Maghi is celebrated in this month in Punjab and Haryana.

The correct answer is the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association.

Key Points

• HSRA was founded by Ram Prasad Bismil and other important figures associated with HSRA are Chandrasekhar Azad, Ashfaqulla Khan, Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev Thapar, and Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee, Jatin das, Ajay Ghosh.
• The Hindustan Socialist Republican Association was established in 1928.
• Revolutionaries like Chandrashekhar Azad, Bhagat Singh, Rajguru, and Sukhdev were present at the meeting, held at the Feroz Shah Kotla ground in Delhi, during the establishment of the organization.
• Bhagat Singh was involved in two high-profile plots against British authorities in India that helped galvanize the Indian independence movement. In 1928 he took part in a plot to kill the police chief responsible for the death of influential Indian writer and politician Lala Lajpat Rai.
• Subhas Chandra Bose was an Indian nationalist whose defiance of British authority in India made him a hero among Indians, but his wartime alliances with Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan left a legacy vexed by authoritarianism, anti-Semitism, and military failure.
• Rabindranath Tagore, the Nobel laureate gave the title of 'Desh Nayak' to Subhash Chandra Bose in recognition of his service to the nation and its people.
• Jatin Das was an Indian independence activist and revolutionary who worked to make India independent from the British Raj and was a member of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association. He died in the Lahore Central Jail after a 63-day hunger strike.

Additional Information

• All India Depressed Classes Association was founded by B.R. Ambedkar in 1930 and aimed to uplift the socially and economically backward classes in India.
• Madras Presidency Association was founded in 1884 by C. Sankaran Nair and aimed to promote education and political rights for the people of Madras Presidency.
• Kabui Naga Association was founded in 1946 and aimed to promote the welfare of the Kabui Naga tribe in Manipur.

The correct answer is Bangladesh.

Key Points

• West Bengal is a state located in the eastern part of India and shares its borders with three countries, namely, Nepal, Bhutan, and Bangladesh.
• Bangladesh is the country that shares the longest border with West Bengal, which is approximately 2,217 km long.
• The border between West Bengal and Bangladesh is a porous one, with many illegal crossings and smuggling activities taking place.
• The Indo-Bangladesh border is also known as the International Border (IB) and is guarded by the Border Security Force (BSF) on the Indian side and the Border Guards Bangladesh (BGB) on the Bangladeshi side.
• West Bengal has 3 international boundaries.
• West Bengal has international boundaries with Bangladesh in the east, Bhutan in the North, and Nepal in the northwest.
• West Bengal with 2,217 km (1377.58 miles) shares the longest border with Bangladesh.
• It is the fifth-longest land border in the world.

Additional Information

• Bhutan shares a 183 km long border with West Bengal, which is mostly mountainous and forested.
• Nepal shares a 1,751 km long border with India, of which 97 km is shared with West Bengal. This border is also mostly mountainous and forested.
• Myanmar shares a 1,643 km long border with India, of which 262 km is shared with West Bengal. This border is also known as the Indo-Myanmar border and is guarded by the Assam Rifles on the Indian side.
• China shares a 3,488 km long border with India, of which 1,597 km is shared with the state of Arunachal Pradesh. West Bengal does not share a border with China.

The correct answer is Agriculture.

Key Points

• Warehousing is an important auxiliary to trade as it helps in storing goods and maintaining their quality until they reach the market.
• Transportation is also crucial for trade as it enables the movement of goods from one place to another, facilitating trade between regions and countries.
• Insurance is another important auxiliary to trade as it helps mitigate the risks associated with trade by providing financial protection against losses due to unforeseen events.
• Agriculture, on the other hand, is the primary sector of the economy that involves the cultivation of crops and the raising of livestock, which are then processed and sold in the market. While it is a crucial sector for the overall economic development of a country, it is not directly related to trade as an auxiliary.

Additional Information

• Insurance is a means of protection from financial loss in which, in exchange for a fee, a party agrees to compensate another party in the event of a certain loss, damage, or injury. It is a form of risk management, primarily used to hedge against the risk of a contingent or uncertain loss.
• Warehousing is when you purchase goods from a manufacturer and store them before they are shipped to another location for fulfillment. You may store these goods in a warehouse, spare room, or other facilities. This all depends on how much stock you have, and how big your business is
• Transportation is the movement of goods and persons from place to place and the various means by which such movement is accomplished.

Shortcut Trick

Net Multiplier = (1 + 5/100) × (1 + 10/100) × (1 + 20/100)

⇒ Net Multiplier = 1.05 × 1.10 × 1.20 = 1.386

Equivalent Increase = (1.386 − 1) × 100 = 38.6%

Converting decimal to fraction: 38.6% = 38 6/10 % = 38 3/5 %

∴ The correct answer is 38 3/5 %.

Alternate Method

Given:

First increase = 5%, Second increase = 10%, Third increase = 20%

Formula Used:

Net change for two successive increases x% and y% = [x + y + (x × y)/100]%

Step 1: Calculate net increase for first two changes (5% and 10%):

⇒ Net₁ = 5 + 10 + (5 × 10)/100 = 15 + 0.5 = 15.5%

Step 2: Calculate net increase for Net₁ (15.5%) and third change (20%):

⇒ Net_Total = 15.5 + 20 + (15.5 × 20)/100

⇒ Net_Total = 35.5 + (310)/100

⇒ Net_Total = 35.5 + 3.1 = 38.6%

⇒ 38.6% = 38 + 6/10 = 38 3/5 %

∴ The correct answer is 38 3/5 %.

Additional Information

Successive Percentage Formula

For two successive changes of a% and b%, the net change is given by (a + b + ab/100)%. Use positive values for increase and negative for decrease.

Ratio Method for Successive Changes

Convert percentages to fractions. If a price increases by 1/x, the ratio of initial to final price is x : (x+1). Multiply all ratios to find the final net change.

Multiplying Factor (MF)

For an increase of r%, the MF = (1 + r/100). The final value after multiple changes is Initial Value × MF₁ × MF₂ × ... × MF_n.

Shortcut Trick

For a round trip distance D with stream speed v, total time T = (2 × u × D) ÷ (u² − v²)

⇒ 10 = (2 × u × 40) ÷ (u² − 2²)

⇒ 10(u² − 4) = 80u ⇒ u² − 8u − 4 = 0

⇒ u = (8 + √80) ÷ 2 = 4 + 2√5

⇒ u ≈ 4 + 2(2.236) ≈ 8.47 kmph

∴ The correct answer is 8.47 kmph.

Alternate Method

Given:

River speed (v) = 2 kmph

Distance (D) = 40 km

Total Time (T) = 10 hours

Formula Used:

Time = Distance ÷ Speed

Downstream Speed = u + v

Upstream Speed = u − v

A

B

40 km

Downstream (u + 2)

Upstream (u − 2)

Total Time = 10 hours

Calculations:

Let the speed of the boat in still water be u kmph.

⇒ Time downstream + Time upstream = 10

⇒ 40 ÷ (u + 2) + 40 ÷ (u − 2) = 10

⇒ 4 ÷ (u + 2) + 4 ÷ (u − 2) = 1

⇒ 4 × [ (u − 2 + u + 2) ÷ (u² − 4) ] = 1

⇒ 4 × (2u) = u² − 4

⇒ u² − 8u − 4 = 0

⇒ Using quadratic formula: u = [−b ± √(b² − 4ac)] ÷ 2a

⇒ u = [8 ± √((−8)² − 4 × 1 × (−4))] ÷ 2

⇒ u = [8 ± √(64 + 16)] ÷ 2

⇒ u = [8 ± √80] ÷ 2

⇒ u = [8 ± 4√5] ÷ 2 = 4 ± 2√5

⇒ Boat speed must be positive and greater than river speed, so u = 4 + 2√5

⇒ Given √5 ≈ 2.236 ⇒ u = 4 + 2(2.236) = 4 + 4.472 = 8.472 kmph

∴ The correct answer is 8.47 kmph.

Additional Information

Downstream Speed

When a boat moves in the direction of the stream, it is called downstream. Speed = Speed of boat + Speed of stream (u + v).

Upstream Speed

When a boat moves against the direction of the stream, it is called upstream. Speed = Speed of boat − Speed of stream (u − v).

Boat Speed & Stream Speed Formula

Speed of boat in still water (u) = (Downstream Speed + Upstream Speed) ÷ 2

Speed of stream (v) = (Downstream Speed − Upstream Speed) ÷ 2

Average Speed for Round Trip

The average speed of a boat traveling a certain distance upstream and the same distance downstream is (u² − v²) ÷ u.

Given Data:

First Discount = 18%

Second Discount = 20%

Marked Price = ₹11,000

Concept: We can calculate the effective discount on the product using the formula of successive discount, which can't be simply added.

Calculation:

⇒ After first discount, Price = 82% of 11,000 = ₹9,020

⇒ After second discount, Price = 80% of ₹9,020 = ₹7,216

Therefore, the selling price is ₹7,216.

Given Data:

Total Race Distance = 1000 m

Distance by which John beats Khan = 120 m

Speed of John = 40 km/h

Concept: If John beats Khan by 120 m in a 1000 m race, it means Khan runs 880 m in the time John runs 1000 m. So, we can find Khan's speed by proportionality.

Calculation:

⇒ Khan's Speed = (880/1000) × 40 km/h = 35.2 km/h

Therefore, the speed of Khan is 35.2 km/h.

Given Data:

Work rate of A = 11 benches/hour

Work rate of B = 5 benches/hour

Total benches = 64

Concept: When two entities are working together, their combined work rate is the sum of their individual work rates.

Calculation:

⇒ Combined work rate = 11 + 5 = 16 benches/hour

⇒ Time required = Total benches / Combined work rate = 64 / 16 = 4 hours

Therefore, they will require 4 hours to repair 64 benches when they work together.

Given Data:

Akash's work time = 21 days

Diya's work time = 63 days

Concept: If two entities work alternately, we need to calculate their combined daily work done and then divide the total work by this daily work.

Calculation:

⇒ LCM of 21 and 63 is 63.

⇒ Akash's work/day = 63/21 = 3

⇒ Diya's work/day = 63/63 = 1

Starting from Akash

2 days work = 4 units

30 days work = 60 units

Now Akash will work on 31^st day =  60 + 3 = 63

So, total work is done in 31 days

Therefore, they would take 31 days to complete the work if they work on alternate days.

Given Data:

Amount of pure honey = 40 kg

Cost price/kg = Rs. 30

Dilution = 20%

Price raise = 15%

Concept: Profit can be calculated by comparing the effective cost price and selling price after considering the dilution and price raise.

Calculation:

⇒ Cost of 40 kg honey = 40 × 30 = Rs. 1200

⇒ After dilution, quantity = 120% of 40 kg = 48 kg

⇒ New price/kg = 115% of Rs. 30 = Rs. 34.5

⇒ Revenue from selling 48 kg = 48 × 34.5 = Rs. 1656

⇒ Profit = Revenue - Cost = Rs. 1656 - Rs. 1200 = Rs. 456

Therefore, his total profit from selling the diluted honey is Rs. 456.

Given Data:

Bike speed = 50 mph, Time = 3 hours

Car speed = 65 mph, Time = 2 hours

Rest = 2 hours

Bike speed = 80 mph, Time = 4 hours

Concept: Average speed = Total distance / Total time

Calculation:

⇒ Total Distance = (50 × 3) + (65 × 2) + (80 × 4) = 150 + 130 + 320 = 600 miles

⇒ Total Time = 3 + 2 + 2 + 4 = 11 hours

⇒ Average Speed = Total Distance / Total Time = 600 / 11 ≈ 54.55 mph

Therefore, Kiran's average speed for the entire journey is approximately 54.55 mph.

Given Data:

Population in 2010 = 256080000

Population Increase = 10%

Concept: To find the new population after a percentage increase, we add the percentage increase of the initial population to the initial population.

Calculation:

⇒ Population in 2020 = 256080000 + (10% of 256080000) = 256080000 + 25608000 = 281688000

Therefore, the population in 2020 is 281688000.

Given Data: Side of cube = 6 cm

Concept: The diameter of the sphere carved out of the cube is equal to the side of the cube. Volume of the sphere is given by 4/3 × π × (d/2)³.

Calculation:

⇒ Volume of sphere = 4/3 × π × (6/2)³ = 36π = 113.14 cm³

Therefore, the volume of the largest sphere that can be carved out of a cube of side 6 cm is 113.14 cm³.

Given Data:

Initial Population = 50,000

Annual Decrease = 5%

Concept: To find the new population after a percentage decrease for successive years, we subtract the percentage decrease of the current population from the current population each year.

Calculation:

⇒ Population after 1^st year = 50000 - (5% of 50000) = 47500

⇒ Population after 2^nd year = 47500 - (5% of 47500) = 45125

Therefore, the population of the village after 2 years will be 45125.

Calculation:

3$\frac{1}{3}$ ÷ 6$\frac{3}{7}$ × 1$\frac{1}{2}$ × 3$\frac{1}{7}$ = (p)1⁄2

⇒ 10/3 ÷ 45/7 × 3/2 × 22/7 = (p)1⁄2

⇒ 10/3 × 7/45 × 3/2 × 22/7 = (p)1⁄2

⇒ (p)1⁄2 = 2 × 1/9 × 11

⇒ (p)1⁄2 = 22/9

⇒ p = [22/9]² = 484/81

Therefore, the value of 'p' is 484/81.

Given Data:

Principal = Rs. 15,000

Interest rates = 16%, 20%, 15%

Concept: Compound Interest is calculated by successively applying the interest rate to the sum of the principal and all previously accumulated interest.

Calculation:

⇒ Amount after 1^st year = Rs. 15000 + (16% of 15000) = Rs. 17400

⇒ Amount after 2^nd year = Rs. 17400 + (20% of 17400) = Rs. 20880

⇒ Amount after 3^rd year = Rs. 20880 + (15% of 20880) = Rs. 24012

⇒ Compound Interest = Final Amount - Principal = Rs. 24012 - Rs. 15000 = Rs. 9012

Therefore, the compound interest on Rs. 15,000 for three years is Rs. 9012.

Given Data:

Third proportional numbers = 8, 24

Mean proportional numbers = 4, 16

Concept:

Third proportional = (second number²) / first number

Mean proportional = sqrt(first number × second number)

Calculation:

⇒ A = (24²) / 8 = 72

⇒ B = sqrt(4 × 16) = 8

⇒ $\rm\frac{A}{B}$ = 72 / 8=9

Therefore, the value of $\rm\frac{A}{B}$ is 9.

Given Data:

Marked Price = ₹16500

First discount = 8%

Second discount = 5%

Concept: The final price after successive discounts is found by subtracting each discount from the current price.

Calculation:

⇒ Price after first discount = ₹16500 - (8% of ₹16500) = ₹15180

⇒ Price after second discount = ₹15180 - (5% of ₹15180) = ₹14421

Therefore, the cash payment to be made for buying the mobile phone is ₹14421.

Shortcut Trick

Concept: The capacity of the bowl is taken as the volume of the hemisphere, which is 2/3 × π × radius3.

Calculation:

⇒ External radius = 43 / 2 = 21.5 cm

⇒ Internal radius = 21.5 - 0.5 = 21 cm

⇒ Capacity = 2/3 × (22/7) × (21)3 = 19404 cm3

Therefore, the capacity of the bowl is 19404 cm3.

Alternate Method

Given:

External diameter of the hemispherical bowl = 43 cm

External radius (R) = 43/2 = 21.5 cm

Thickness of steel = 0.5 cm

Internal radius (r) = R - thickness

⇒ r = 21.5 - 0.5 = 21 cm

Formula Used:

Capacity of the hemispherical bowl = Volume of the hemisphere (inside)

= 2/3 × πr3

where r = internal radius

π = 22/7

Calculation:

Find the internal radius of the bowl.

Internal radius, r = External radius - Thickness

⇒ r = 21.5 - 0.5

⇒ r = 21 cm.

Capacity of the bowl = Volume of the hemisphere

= 2/3 × πr3

= 2/3 × 22/7 × (21)3

= 44/21 × 9261

= 44 × 441

= 19404 cm3

∴ The capacity of the bowl is 19404 cm3 

Additional Information

Volume of a Sphere

The volume of a complete sphere is given by V = &frac{4}{3} π r³.

Curved Surface Area (CSA) of Hemisphere

The area of the curved part of a hemisphere is CSA = 2 π r².

Total Surface Area (TSA) of Hemisphere

Including the flat circular base, the total surface area is TSA = 3 π r².

Volume of Material used in Hollow Hemisphere

The volume of the material (like steel) is &frac{2}{3} π (R³ − r³), where R is outer and r is inner radius.

Given Data:

Greatest 2-digit number divisible by 12 = 96

Smallest 2-digit number divisible by 8 = 16

Concept: The Least Common Multiple (LCM) of two numbers is the smallest number that is a multiple of both numbers.

Calculation:

⇒ LCM(96, 16) = 96 (since 96 is a multiple of 16)

Therefore, the LCM of the greatest 2-digit number divisible by 12 and the smallest 2-digit number divisible by 8 is 96.

Given:

A grocer sells rice at a profit of 15% and uses weights that are 20% less than the market weights

Formula Used:

SP = CP × [(100 + Profit%)/100]

Profit% = [(SP - CP)/CP] × 100

Calculation:

Let the CP of 100 gm of rice be ₹100

According to the question

SP = CP × (115/100) = ₹115

Grocer uses weights that are 20% less than the market weights

⇒ Grocer sells 80 gm instead of 100 gm

⇒ CP for 80 gm = ₹80

Profit% = [(115 - 80)/80] × 100

⇒ Profit% = (35/80) × 100 = 43.75%

∴ The total profit earned by the grocer is 43.75%.

Shortcut Trick

       CP          SP

       20           23     [15% profit → 100:115 = 20:23]

        4            5       [20% cheating → 80:100 = 4:5]

  (20 × 4)   (23 × 5)

⇒ CP = 80 units and SP = 115 units

Profit = 35 units

%Profit = (35/80) × 100 = 43.75%

∴ The total profit earned by the grocer is 43.75%.

Given Data:

First number = 0.1

Second number = 0.12

Concept: The third proportional to two numbers is calculated as (second number²) / first number.

Calculation:

⇒ Third proportional = (0.12²) / 0.1 = 0.144

Therefore, the third proportional to 0.1 and 0.12 is 0.144.

Given Data:

Speed while going = 75 km/h

Speed while returning = 100 km/h

Concept: The average speed for a round trip is given by 2 × (Speed1 × Speed2) / (Speed1 + Speed2).

Calculation:

⇒ Average speed = 2 × (75 km/h × 100 km/h) / (75 km/h + 100 km/h) = 85.71 km/h

Therefore, the average speed of the car is approximately 85.71 km/h.

The correct answer is "The old man think."

Key Points

• The verb 'think' should be in the past tense to match the subject 'old man' which is also in the past tense.
• It should be 'thought' instead of 'think.'
• This is an example of a subject-verb agreement error.
• The correct answer is Option 4.

Correct sentence: The old man thought his younger daughter was mocking him.

The correct answer is "cites."

 Key Points

• "Cites" is the correct verb to use in this sentence to indicate that the article is referencing or quoting several experts on the subject. (उदाहरण या प्रमाणस्‍वरूप किसी बात का उल्‍लेख करना या किसी व्‍यक्ति के मूल शब्‍द उद्धृत करना)
• Example: She cited a passage from the President’s speech.
• The correct answer is Option 2.

Correct sentence: The article cites several experts on the subject.

 Additional Information

• The past tense of "cite" is "cited", and the present participle is "citing".
• "Sights" refers to the act of seeing or pointing out something visually. (दृष्टि, नजर; देखने की क्षमता)
• "Sites" refers to locations or places. (वह स्‍थान जहाँ कोई इमारत खड़ी थी, है या होगी; भवन स्‍थल)
• "Sits" refers to the act of resting or being in a seated position. (बैठना, कुरसी आदि पर नितंबों के बल टिकना)

The correct answer is "ran into."

 Key Points

• "Ran into" means to meet someone unexpectedly. (किसी से अप्रत्याशित रूप से मिलना)
• Example: They ran into a new set of problems as soon as they thought everything was fixed. found.
• The sentence talks about meeting an old friend, which fits with the meaning of "ran into".
• This option also makes sense grammatically in the sentence.
• The correct answer is Option 2.

Correct sentence: During an office tour to Mumbai, I ran into an old friend.  

Additional Information

• Option 1 (ran down) means to criticize or belittle someone. (किसी की आलोचना करना या उसका अपमान करना)
• Option 3 (ran over) means to hit someone or something with a vehicle. (किसी को या वस्तु को वाहन से मारना)
• Option 4 (ran about) means to move quickly or busily. (तेजी से या व्यस्तता से आगे बढ़ना)

The correct answer is "Wavering."

 

Key Points

• "Steady" means consistent or unchanging. (नियमित गति से और क्रमशः विकसित होता, बढ़ता और घटित होता हुआ)
• Example: That was a steady decline.
• The antonym of "Steady" is "Wavering."
• "Wavering" means unsteady or indecisive. (यह तय करने की क्षमता का अभाव कि दो संभावनाओं में से किसे चुनना है)
• Example: He spoke in a wavering voice, as if he were not sure of his ground.
• The correct answer is Option 4.

Additional Information

• Option 1, Contrived, means artificial or forced. (अविश्‍वसनीय; अस्‍वाभाविक या अयथार्थ)
• Option 2, Voluntary, means done willingly or by choice. (अपनी इच्‍छा से (न कि विवशता से) किया या दिया गया; स्‍वैच्‍छिक)
• Option 3, Undeviating, means constant or unwavering. (अविचल)

The correct answer is "assaulted."

 Key Points

• "Attacked" means to try to hurt or defeat somebody/something by using force. (हमला या आक्रमण करना)
• Example: She attacked her friend.
• "Assaulted" means attacked. (अचानक हमला करना, धावा बोलना)
• Example: She assaulted her friend.
• The synonym of "attacked" is "assaulted."
• The correct answer is Option 4.

Additional Information

• Option 1, "worshipped", means to show reverence or adoration to someone or something. ((की) पूजा करना (परमेश्‍वर या किसी देवता से विनती करना या उसके प्रति सम्‍मान प्रदर्शित करना), आराधना करना)
• Option 2, "synced", means to synchronize or coordinate something. (किसी चीज़ को समन्वयित करना)
• Option 3, "saved", means to rescue or protect someone from harm. (किसी को बचाना, रक्षा करना (मृत्‍यु, क्षति, हानि आदि से))

The correct answer is "championship."

 Key Points

• The correct spelling of the word is "championship."
• The error in Option 4 is that it is missing the letter "i".
• The word "championship" refers to a competition or series of competitions to determine the best player or team in a particular sport or game. (सर्वश्रेष्ठ खिलाड़ी या दल का ढूँढ़ने के लिए आयोजित स्‍पर्धा या स्‍पर्धाएँ)
• Example: The world championships will be held in Scotland next year.
• The correct usage of the word in the sentence is "world championship level", which means the highest level of competition in a particular sport or game.
• The correct answer is Option 4.

Additional Information

• Option 1 (wumen) is a misspelling of the word "women", which refers to female human beings. (स्‍त्री, औरत, महिला, नारी)
• Option 2 (diferent) is a misspelling of the word "different", which means not the same as something else. (भिन्‍न, अलग प्रकार का, एक जैसा नहीं)
• Option 3 (akcross) is a misspelling of the word "across", which means from one side to the other side of something. (एक ओर से दूसरी ओर; आर-पार)

The correct answer is "messy and untidy."

 Key Points

• "Upset and unkempt" means emotionally distressed and disheveled in appearance. (भावनात्मक रूप से व्यथित और दिखने में अस्त-व्यस्त)
• "Messy and untidy" is a suitable replacement as it conveys the same meaning.
• The word "unkempt" specifically refers to someone's appearance ((बाल या आम शकल-सूरत) अस्‍त व्‍यस्‍त, उपेक्षित; मैला-कुचैला), so it is important to choose an option that reflects this.
• The correct answer is Option 1.

Additional Information

• Option 2, "up and doing", means active and busy, which does not fit the context of the sentence. (सक्रिय और व्यस्त)
• Option 3, "proud and useless", is a contradictory phrase and does not make sense in this context. (घमंडी और बेकार)
• Option 4, "violent and rigorous", implies a negative and aggressive behavior, which is not mentioned in the sentence. (हिंसक और कठोर)

The correct answer is "Sky."

 Key Points

• "Realm" means a kingdom or domain. ((राजा या रानी द्वारा) शासित देश या राज्य; प्रभुता)
• Example: The matter was hotly debated in all the towns of the realm.
• The antonym of realm is something that is opposite in meaning, which is sky.
• "Sky" refers to the space above the earth where the sun, moon, stars and clouds are seen. (आकाश (ज़मीन पर से ऊपर की ओर दीखने वाला स्‍थान जहाँ सूर्य, चंद्रमा और तारे दिखाई देते हैं); आसमान)
• Example: The sky is blue.
• The correct answer is Option 1.

 Additional Information

• Option 2 - Activity: This is not an antonym of realm as both words are not related in meaning. (सक्रियता, क्रियाशीलता; गतिविधियों से पूर्ण स्थिति)
• Option 3 - Kingdom: This is a synonym of realm, not an antonym. (राजा या रानी द्वारा शासित देश; राज्‍य)
• Option 4 - Domain: This is also a synonym of realm, not an antonym. ((ज्ञान या कार्य का) क्षेत्र)

The correct answer is "In great excitement."

 Key Points

• "In the fast lane" is an idiom that means to be moving quickly and with great energy, in a way that is exciting and slightly dangerous. (तेजी से और बड़ी ऊर्जा के साथ आगे बढ़ना, एक तरह से जो रोमांचक और थोड़ा खतरनाक हो)
• Example: He lived life in the fast lane when he was young.
• "In the fast lane" means "In great excitement."
• The correct answer is option 1.

The correct answer is "Untrue."

 Key Points

• "False" means not true; not correct. (असत्‍य, ग़लत)
• Example: I think the information you have been given is false.
• "Untrue" means not true or false. (असत्‍य, झूठा; जो तथ्‍यों पर आधारित नहीं, निराधार, बेबुनियाद)
• Example: The news article was filled with untrue statements.
• It is a synonym of "false."
• The correct answer is Option 4.

Additional Information

• Option 1, "Unfair", means not just or equitable. (जो यथायोग्‍य व्‍यवहार वाला नहीं, अन्‍यायपूर्ण; जिसमें लोगों को बराबर नहीं माना जाता; भेदभावपूर्ण)
• Option 2, "Genuine", means real or authentic. (वास्‍तविक; असली)
• Option 3, "Correct", means accurate or right. (शुद्घ, त्रुटिहीन; सही या सत्‍य)

The correct answer is "Hostility."

 Key Points

• "Enmity" means hostility or hatred. (शत्रुता, वैर, दुश्‍मनी)
• Example: Despite their past enmity, the two leaders decided to work together for the greater good.
• Synonyms of enmity include hostility, animosity, antipathy, and hatred.
• "Hostility" means very strong feelings against somebody/something. (व्‍यक्ति या वस्‍तु के प्रति अत्‍यंत उग्र भावनाएँ; शत्रुता)
• Example: She didn’t say anything but I could sense her hostility.
• The correct answer is Option 4.

Additional Information

• Probability (Option 1) means the likelihood of something happening. ((किसी बात की) संभावना)
• Pretext (Option 2) means a false reason given to justify an action or decision. (बहाना, हीला)
• Variability (Option 3) means the quality or state of being variable or changeable. (परिवर्तनशील, परिवर्तनीयता)

The correct answer is "flu."

 

Key Points

• "Flu" is short for "influenza", which is a highly contagious respiratory illness. (एक अत्यधिक संक्रामक श्वसन रोग)
• Example: The flu is caused by a virus.
• Grammatically, "flu" is the correct option to use with the auxiliary verb "has" in this sentence.
• Other possible options ("floo", "flue", "flew") do not fit the context or grammatical structure of the sentence.
• The correct answer is Option 2.

Correct sentence: Neha has flu and won't come to work for a few days.

Additional Information

• "Floo" is not a word in English.
• "Flue" refers to a channel or pipe that carries smoke or gas out of a building. (धुआँ, गैस या गरम हवा बाहर निकालने के लिए नली जो विशेषतः चिमनी या धुआँकश में लगी होती है)
• "Flew" is the past tense of the verb "fly", and does not make sense in this sentence. ((पक्षी, कीट, विमान आदि का) हवा में गति करना, उड़ना)

The correct answer is "Careful in trivial matters but wasteful in large."

 Key Points

• The idiom "penny wise and pound foolish" means being careful with small amounts of money but wasteful with larger amounts. (छोटी रकम के मामले में सावधान रहना लेकिन बड़ी रकम के मामले में फिजूलखर्ची करना)
• Example: The plans to cut funding are penny-wise and pound-foolish.
• It is important to be mindful of both small and large expenses in order to make wise financial decisions.
• The correct answer is Option 3.

The correct answer is "were selected as partners for a project."

 Key Points

• The subject of the sentence is plural (John and Sara), so the correct verb form is "were selected" instead of "was selected."
• "Have selected" (Option 1) is incorrect because it uses the present perfect tense, which doesn't make sense in the context of the sentence.
• "Has selected" (Option 3) is incorrect because it uses the singular verb form "has" instead of the plural "were."
• "Had selected" (Option 4) is incorrect because it uses the past perfect tense, which suggests that the selection happened before some other past event (e.g. "After the teacher had chosen groups, John and Sara had been selected as partners for the project").
• The correct answer is Option 2.

Correct sentence: After the teacher chose groups, John and Sara were selected as partners for a project, yet Sarah did most of the work.

The correct answer is "Coutious."

 Key Points

• The correct spelling of the word is "cautious."
• The incorrect spelling has "o" instead of "a."
• The correct pronunciation is "kaw-shuhs".
• "Cautious" means being careful or wary of potential danger or problems. (सावधान, सतर्क, चौकस)
• Example: I am very cautious about expressing my opinions.
• The correct answer is Option 1.

Additional Information

• Option 2, "Irrational", means not logical or reasonable. (जो तर्क या स्‍पष्‍ट चिंतन पर आधारित न हो; तर्कहीन, विवेकहीन, अतार्किक)
• Option 3, "Intelligent", means having the ability to learn, understand, or think critically. 9समझने, सीखने और सोचने की क्षमता से संपन्‍न, बुद्धिमान; चतुर)
• Option 4, "Excessive", means going beyond what is necessary or normal. (अत्‍यधिक; बहुत अधिक)

The correct answer is "assist."

Key Points

• "Assist" means to help or support someone in achieving something. (सहायता करना)
• Example: I will assist you in completing the project on time.
• It is the most appropriate answer for the blank, as the other options do not fit the context of the sentence.
• The correct answer is Option 1.
• Correct passage:

Summer camp is a terrific idea used primarily by schools to assist pupils to acquire and master new skills. It is an ______ (2) ______ outdoor activity. Many parents offer to enroll their kids in summer camps so they can participate in ______ (3) ______ activities, discover their talents and passions, and broaden their horizons. Summer camps are ______ (4) ______ for all children for ten to fifteen days by various schools or other organisations. These summer camps ______ (5) ______ entertaining educational activities like fitness classes, hobby improvement classes, learning lectures, sports activities, musical performances, etc. The pupils' general development and growth are benefitted from these summer camps.​

Additional Information

• Option 2, "accelerate," means to speed up or increase the rate of something. (गति का बढ़ना, किसी वस्‍तु, घटना आदि की गति को बढ़ाना)
• Option 3, "examine," means to inspect or scrutinize something closely. (बहुत सावधानी से किसी विषय, धारणा आदि पर विचार करना)
• Option 4, "hinder" means to create obstacles or difficulties for someone or something. (व्‍यक्ति या वस्‍तु के लिए कठिनाई पैदा करना, किसी के काम में बाधा डालना)

The correct answer is "organised."

Key Points

• "Organised" is the most appropriate word to fill in the blank.
• It means arranged or planned in the way mentioned. (निर्दिष्ट रीति से व्‍यवस्थित या योजनाबद्घ)
• Example: That was an organised team.
• The sentence is saying to select the most appropriate answer, which implies that the options have been organized or arranged in some way.
• The correct answer is Option 2.
• Correct passage:

Summer camp is a terrific idea used primarily by schools to assist pupils to acquire and master new skills. It is an organised outdoor activity. Many parents offer to enroll their kids in summer camps so they can participate in ______ (3) ______ activities, discover their talents and passions, and broaden their horizons. Summer camps are ______ (4) ______ for all children for ten to fifteen days by various schools or other organisations. These summer camps ______ (5) ______ entertaining educational activities like fitness classes, hobby improvement classes, learning lectures, sports activities, musical performances, etc. The pupils' general development and growth are benefitted from these summer camps.

Additional Information

• The word "omitted" means left out or excluded. (छोड़ दिया गया या दबा दिया गया; नहीं किया गया, उल्लेख किया गया, उपयोग किया गया, लिखा गया, आदि)
• The word "assembled" means put together or gathered in one place. (समूह के रूप में एकत्र करना या होना)
• The word "aggravated" means made worse or more severe. ((स्थिति को) बिगाड़ देना; बदतर करना या होना, अधिक गंभीर बनाना)

The correct answer is "numerous."

Key Points

• "Numerous" means many or a large number. (बहुत सारे, बड़ी संख्‍या में; अनेक)
• Example: We have discussed these plans on numerous occasions.
• It is the most appropriate answer to fill in the blank.
• The correct answer is Option 4.
• Correct passage:

Summer camp is a terrific idea used primarily by schools to assist pupils to acquire and master new skills. It is an organised outdoor activity. Many parents offer to enroll their kids in summer camps so they can participate in numerous activities, discover their talents and passions, and broaden their horizons. Summer camps are ______ (4) ______ for all children for ten to fifteen days by various schools or other organisations. These summer camps ______ (5) ______ entertaining educational activities like fitness classes, hobby improvement classes, learning lectures, sports activities, musical performances, etc. The pupils' general development and growth are benefitted from these summer camps.

Additional Information

• Option 1, "much", means a large quantity or amount. ((अगणनीय संज्ञाओं में, मुख्‍यतया निषेद्यवाचक और प्रश्‍नवाचक वाक्‍य अथवा as, how, so, too के बाद प्रयुक्त) किसी वस्‍तु की अधिक मात्रा)
• Option 2, "more", means a greater amount or quantity than before. (व्‍यकि्तयों या वस्‍तुओं की अधिक बड़ी संख्‍या या मात्रा; जो है वह भी (और) साथ ही और भी, से अधिक)
• Option 3, "few", means a small number or amount. (थोड़े-से, गिने-चुने; बहुत-से नहीं)

The correct answer is "held."

Key Points

• "Held" is the most appropriate answer for the blank in the sentence.
• The verb "held" means to conduct or organize an event, meeting, or discussion. (किसी व्‍यक्ति या वस्‍तु को थामे रहना)
• Example: She held a meeting with her friends.
• The correct answer is Option 4.
• Correct passage:

Summer camp is a terrific idea used primarily by schools to assist pupils to acquire and master new skills. It is an organised outdoor activity. Many parents offer to enroll their kids in summer camps so they can participate in numerous activities, discover their talents and passions, and broaden their horizons. Summer camps are held for all children for ten to fifteen days by various schools or other organisations. These summer camps ______ (5) ______ entertaining educational activities like fitness classes, hobby improvement classes, learning lectures, sports activities, musical performances, etc. The pupils' general development and growth are benefitted from these summer camps.

Additional Information

• "Performed" means to carry out a task or activity. (कोई काम आदि करना जिसके लिए आदेश है)
• "Quoted" means to repeat or reproduce someone else's words or a statement. (पहले कही या लिखी गई बात को सही-सही दोहराना, दूसरे के शब्‍दों को उद्‌धृत करना)
• "Executed" means to complete a task or plan, typically in a skillful or efficient manner. (क्रियान्वित किया गया)

The correct answer is "arrange."

Key Points

• "Arrange" means to put things in a particular order or position. (व्‍यवस्थित करना, क्रम विशेष से सजाना)
• Example: She arranged the flowers in a vase.
• In the given context, it is the most appropriate word to fill in the blank, as it fits the meaning of the sentence.
• The correct answer is Option 4.
• Correct passage:

Summer camp is a terrific idea used primarily by schools to assist pupils to acquire and master new skills. It is an organised outdoor activity. Many parents offer to enroll their kids in summer camps so they can participate in numerous activities, discover their talents and passions, and broaden their horizons. Summer camps are held for all children for ten to fifteen days by various schools or other organisations. These summer camps arrange entertaining educational activities like fitness classes, hobby improvement classes, learning lectures, sports activities, musical performances, etc. The pupils' general development and growth are benefitted from these summer camps.

Additional Information

• Option 1: "Exhibit" means to show or display something. (किसी वस्‍तु का सार्वजनिक प्रदर्शन करना)
• Example: "The museum will exhibit paintings by famous artists."
• Option 2: "Adapt" means to adjust or modify something to suit a new situation or environment. (नई परिस्थिति से परिचित होकर असके अनुरूप अपने व्‍यवहार को बदलना)
• Example: "The company had to adapt its marketing strategy to appeal to a younger audience."
• Option 3: "Align" means to bring something into a line or position. (पंक्तिबद्घ करना, सीध मिलाना)
• Example: "The carpenter aligned the shelves on the wall."

आकाश पाताल एक करना मुहवारें का सही अर्थ "बहुत मेहनत करना" है। अन्य विकल्प असंगत है।

Key Points

Important Pointsकुछ अन्य महत्वपूर्ण मुहावरें- 

वर्तनी की दृष्टि से अशुद्ध वाक्य- "यौवन वह काल है जब चरित्र का निर्मान होता है।" अन्य विकल्प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points

• वाक्य- यौवन वह काल है जब चरित्र का निर्मान होता है।
• इस वाक्य में निर्मान शब्द मे वर्तनी शब्द की अशुद्धि है।
• निर्मान शब्द की शुद्ध वर्तनी- निर्माण है।
• शुद्ध वाक्य- यौवन वह काल है जब चरित्र का निर्माण होता है।

Important Points अन्य महत्वपूर्ण उदाहरण-  

‘नाकों चने चबवाना' मुहावरे का सही अर्थ "बहुत तंग करना" है। अन्य विकल्प असंगत है।

Key Points

Important Points कुछ अन्य महत्वपूर्ण मुहावरें- 

संज्ञा से बना विशेषण शब्द "अच्छाई" नहीं है। अन्य विकल्प असंगत है। 

Key Points

• अच्छाई शब्द संज्ञा से बना विशेषण नहीं है।
• अच्छाई एक भाव वाचक संज्ञा है।
• अच्छाई का अर्थ-
• ​अच्छा होने का भाव।

Important Pointsअन्य विकल्प- 

'द्विज' शब्द के लिए उपयुक्त वाक्य खंड "दो बार जन्म लेने वाला" है। अन्य विकल्प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points

• दो बार जन्म लेने वाला- द्विज।

अन्य विकल्प-

Important Pointsअन्य महत्वपूर्ण उदाहरण- 

शशि का पर्यायवाची शब्द "हिमांशु" है। अन्य विकल्प असंगत है।

Key Points

• वाक्य-  पूर्णिमा की रात में _______ को देखकर हमें बड़ी खुशी हुई।
• इस वाक्य में रिक्त स्थान की पूर्ति के लिए शशि के पर्यायवाची शब्द हिमांशु का प्रयोग होगा।
• पूर्ण वाक्य- पूर्णिमा की रात में हिमांशु को देखकर हमें बड़ी खुशी हुई।
• शशि के अन्य पर्यायवाची शब्द-  
• चंद्र, चाँद, चंद्रमा, सुधांशु, निशाकर, निशापति, रजनीपति, मृगांक, कलानिधि, सुधाकर आदि।

Important Pointsअन्य विकल्प- 

रेखांकित शब्द आग का विलोम शब्द "पानी" होगा। अन्य विकल्प असंगत है। 

Key Points

• वाक्य- पुरानी इमारत में भयानक आग लगी है, बुझाने के लिए आग की आवश्यकता है।
• इस वाक्य में रेखांकित शब्द आग का विलोम शब्द पानी होगा।
• पूर्ण वाक्य- पुरानी इमारत में भयानक आग लगी है, बुझाने के लिए पानी की आवश्यकता है।

अन्य विकल्प- 

Important Pointsअन्य महत्वपूर्ण उदाहरण- 

वाक्य "यह एक नया इमारत है" में गुणवाचक विशेषण अशुद्ध है। अन्य विकल्प असंगत है।

Key Points

• वाक्य- यह एक नया इमारत है।
• इस वाक्य में नया शब्द में गुणवाचक विशेषण अशुद्ध है।
• नया शब्द के स्थान पर नई शब्द होगा।
• शुद्ध वाक्य- यह एक नई इमारत है।

Important Points