SSC GD Constable (2022) Official Paper (Held On : 06 Feb 2023 Shift 2) (Previous Year Paper)

Given equation: 32 ÷ 64 + 8 - 5 × 36

After replacing the symbols by their meaning, we get:

32 - 64 ÷ 8 × 5 + 36

= 32 - 8 × 5 + 36

= 32 - 40 + 36

= 68 - 40

= 28

Hence, ‘28’ is the correct answer.

The code for each word is shown below:

Clearly, 'ke' will be written as 'practice' in that language.

Hence, 'ke' is the correct answer.

The image embedded in given figure is as shown below:

 

Hence, 'option 4' is the correct answer.

Six persons H, R, J, S, N and B are sitting in a row facing North.

1. B is not sitting beside J, who is sitting at the extreme right.

2. R is the immediate neighbour of S and J.

3. N is not sitting beside S and J.

4. H is the immediate neighbour of N and B.

Clearly, S is sitting to the immediate right of B.

Hence, ‘S’ is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Hence, '125' is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Difference between the numbers forms prime number series.

Hence, '14' is the correct answer.

The correct mirror image of the given figure, when the mirror is placed MN is shown below:

Hence, 'option 3' is the correct answer.

The logic followed in the given figure series is:

From Figure (1) to (2):

The symbols are moving as shown below and 'O' changes into '3'.

From Figure (2) to (3):

The symbols are moving as shown below and '5' changes into 'S'.

From Figure (3) to (4):

The symbols are moving as shown below and 'L' changes into 'Z'.

From Figure (4) to Answer Figure:

The symbols are moving as shown below and 'S' changes into 'F'

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

The logic followed here is:

Hence, 'M' is the correct answer.

The least possible Venn diagram is:          

Conclusions:

I. All beets are gingers. → Does not follow (As, Some gingers are beets, which means some beets are gingers)

II. Some gingers are carrots. → Follows (As, Some carrots are gingers, which means Some gingers are carrots)

III. Some beets are carrots. → Does not follow (As, No carrots are beets, which means no beets are carrots)

Hence, ‘Only conclusion II follows’ is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Logic: (Second number- 10)2 = First number

• 625 : 35 → (35 - 10)² = 25² = 625
• 361 : 29 → (29 - 10)2 = 192 = 361

Similarly,

• ? : 27 → (27 - 10)2 = 172 = 289

Hence, '289' is the correct answer.

1. ÷ and - 

18 + 72 - 12 × 36 ÷ 12 = 132

⇒ 18 + 72 - 12 × 3 = 132

⇒ 18 + 72 - 36 = 132

⇒ 90 - 36 = 132

⇒ 54 ≠ 132

2. × and ÷

18 + 72 × 12 ÷ 36 - 12 = 132

⇒ 18 + 72 × 0.34 - 12 = 132

⇒ 18 + 24 - 12 = 132

⇒ 42 - 12 = 132

⇒ 30 ≠ 132

3. + and -

18 - 72 ÷ 12 × 36 + 12 = 132 

⇒ 18 - 6 × 36 + 12 = 132 

⇒ 18 - 216 + 12 = 132 

⇒ 30 - 216 = 132 

⇒ -186 ≠ 132

4. × and +

18 × 72 ÷ 12 + 36 - 12 = 132

⇒ 18 × 6 + 36 - 12 = 132

⇒ 108 + 36 - 12 = 132

⇒ 144 - 12 = 132

⇒ 132 = 132

Hence, ‘× and +’ is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Explanation:

• The differences are: C - W = 3 - 23 = -20 (or +6 if we cycle through the alphabet) U - O = 21 - 15 = +6
• The differences are: W - G = 23 - 7 = +16 S - C = 19 - 3 = +16
• The differences are: H - V = 8 - 22 = -14 (or +12 if we cycle through the alphabet) R - F = 18 - 6 = +12
• The differences are: Y - Q = 25 - 17 = +8, W - O = 23 - 15 = +8

Hence, 'IMTG' is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Similarly,

Hence, 'ZMUMQK' is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Logic: First word represents armed force and second word represents the place that these forces fights on.

Army : Land → An army, ground force or land force is an armed force that fights primarily on land.

Similarly,

Navy : ? → A navy, naval force, or maritime force is the branch of a nation's armed forces that fights primarily on water.

Hence, 'Water' is the correct answer.

Seven people Z, H, B, W, S, R, and G are sitting in a straight row, facing north.

1. Only two people sit to the left of S.

2. Only two people sit to the right of H. 3. B sits at the extreme right of the row.

3. Only H sits between G and Z.

4. Only S sits between W and G. 

R, the only person left will occupy the vacant position.

Clearly, R sits at the extreme left of the row.

Hence, ‘R’ is the correct answer.

X $ D = M * N → X is sister of D, D is son of M, M is mother of N.

By using the symbols in the table given below, we can draw the following family tree:

Clearly, M is mother of X.

Hence, ‘Mother’ is the correct answer.

As 3 and 5 are the common faces on both the dice, the remaining faces 1 and 6 are opposite to each other.

Therefore, 6 is the number on the face opposite the face showing '1'. 

Hence, ‘6’ is the correct answer.

The option which represents the correct order of the given words as they would appear in the English dictionary is shown below:

5 Trade

1 Train

3 Transport

4 Travel

2 Truck

Hence, '5, 1, 3, 4, 2' is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Logic: Second word is the name of tools used by the first word.

• Labourer : Spade → A spade is a tool primarily used for digging by labours.

Similarly,

• Sculptor : ? → A chisel is a tool used for carving or cutting by sculptors.

Hence, 'Chisel' is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Manufacturing.

Key Points

• Secondary sector activities involve the processing of raw materials extracted from the primary sector into finished goods. Manufacturing is a classic example of a secondary sector activity.
• Mining, quarrying, and forestry are primary sector activities that involve the extraction of natural resources directly from the earth. These activities are important for providing the raw materials necessary for secondary sector activities.
• Manufacturing involves the transformation of raw materials into finished goods using various processes such as machining, welding, assembling, and packaging. This sector is crucial for economic development and job creation.
• Secondary sector activities are often energy-intensive and require a significant amount of capital investment in machinery, equipment, and infrastructure.
• Other examples of secondary sector activities include construction, utilities, and transportation.

Additional Information

• Mining involves the extraction of minerals and other valuable resources from the earth's crust. It is a major primary sector activity that provides raw materials for various secondary sector activities such as manufacturing and construction.
• Forestry involves the cultivation, management, and harvesting of trees and other vegetation for commercial purposes such as timber, pulp, and paper production. It is another primary sector activity that provides raw materials for various secondary sector activities.
• Quarrying involves the extraction of rocks and minerals from quarries or open-pit mines. It is a subset of mining and is primarily used for the extraction of building materials such as stone, gravel, and sand.

The correct answer is Chasers.

Key Points

• The Kho-Kho players sitting in the squares are called Chasers.
• Chasers are responsible for chasing and tagging the runners to get them out.
• Runners are the players who run around the field trying to avoid being tagged by the chasers.
• Active Chasers are the players who are currently chasing the runners.
• The game of KHO KHO is one of the oldest traditional tag games in India. It is a team game.
• 9 players will take the field in the beginning to start the match and 3 defenders of the opposite team try to avoid being touched by the chasers.
• It is a high-energy game that involves running and chasing.
• The motive of the sitting team is to "tag" the opponents.
• Blockers are the players who stand in the way of the chasers to protect the runners.

Additional Information

• The origin of Kho-Kho is very difficult to trace, but many historians believe that it is a modified form of 'Tag'/'Catch', which in its simplest form involves chasing and touching a person.
• Originating in Maharashtra**, Kho-Kho** in ancient times was played on 'raths' or chariots and was known as Rathera.
• The present appearance of the game was an adoption from the time of World War I in 1914.
• The Deccan Gymkhana club of Pune, Maharashtra so named and baptized by the great Indian leader Lokmanya Tilak & Bhai Narorkar drafted the first-ever rules and regulations that symbolized the metamorphosis of the game soon to follow.

The correct answer is Under 17 and Under 21.

Key Points

• Khelo India Youth Games considers two categories of age groups: Under 17 and Under 21.
• The games are organized by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports in India.
• The main objective of the games is to promote sports and fitness among youth in India.
• The games also provide a platform for young athletes to showcase their talent and compete at the national level.
• The Khelo India Youth Games will be held at eight locations. More than 8 thousand 500 athletes and sportspersons are expected to participate in the sporting event.
• Khelo India Youth Games was started in 2016 and provided a very effective platform for the youth of the country to showcase their performance and talents in sports.
• Minister Anurag Thakur said that Madhya Pradesh is now showing its excellence in every sector and the State Chief Minister has improved the infrastructure of sports and built up a big infrastructure of shooting and water sports.

Additional Information

• Khelo India Youth Games (KIYG), formerly Khelo India School Games (KISG), are the annual national-level multidisciplinary grassroots games in India held in January or February for two categories, namely under-17-year-old school students and under-21 college students.
• Every year best 1,000 kids will be given an annual scholarship of ₹5 lakh (US$6,300) for 8 years to prepare them for the international sporting events$

The correct answer is Odissi.

Key Points

• Kelucharan Mohapatra was a legendary Indian classical dancer, guru, and exponent of Odissi dance, who is credited with the revival and popularizing of this classical dance form in the 20^th century.
• He is the first person to receive the Padma Vibhushan from Odisha.
• He was born on 8 January 1926 and died on 7 April 2004, in Bhubaneswar.
• Odissi is traditionally a dance-drama genre of performance art, where the artist and musicians play out a story, a spiritual message or devotional poem from the Hindu texts, using symbolic costumes, body movement, abhinaya (expressions), and mudras (gestures and sign language) set out in ancient Sanskrit literature.

Additional Information 

The correct answer is C Subramaniam.

Key Points

• The Green Revolution was started in India in 1965-68.
• The Green Revolution is referred to as a period when Indian agriculture was converted into an industrial system due to the adoption of modern methods and technologies.
• Indian agriculture made a transition from old and manual methods and new, innovative, and technological methods.
• It included the use of products like High-Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds, tractors, irrigation facilities, pesticides, and fertilizers which were either not used or used on a very limited scale.
• The Indian Green Revolution was the brainchild of M.S. Swaminathan.
• M.S. Swaminathan is known as the Father of the Green Revolution in India.
• This revolution led to an increase in food grain production especially in Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh.

Additional Information

• The Indian Green Revolution was a part of the larger and global Green Revolution started by Norman Borlaug.
• Norman Borlaug is called the Father of the Green Revolution in the world.
• Norman Borlaug was given the Nobel Peace Prize in 1970 for his contribution to saving over 1 billion people worldwide from dying of starvation.

Some other Agricultural Revolutions​

The correct answer is the Chief minister.

Key Points

• The council of ministers in a state is appointed on the advice of the Chief Minister.
• The Council of Ministers performs the following functions:

Formulation of Policies:

• The Ministers formulate the policies of the government.
• The Cabinet takes decisions on all major problems—public health, relief to the disabled and unemployed, prevention of plant diseases, water storage, land tenures and production, supply, and distribution of goods.
• When it has formulated a policy, the appropriate department carries it out.

Appointments:

• ​The Governor has the power to appoint the Advocate-General and the Members of the State Public Service Commission. The Vice-Chancellors of the State Universities and members of various Boards and Commissions are all appointed by the Governor. The Governor cannot make these appointments at his will. He must exercise these functions on the advice of his ministers.

​Control over the state exchequer:

• The State budget containing the estimates of income and expenditure for the ensuing year is placed by the Finance Minister before the State Legislature. The Legislature cannot take the initiative in the case of a Money Bill. Such a Bill must be recommended by the Governor and can be introduced only by a Minister. The initiative in financial matters lies with the Executive.

Additional Information

• The President of India is the head of the country and is elected by an Electoral College consisting of the elected members of both houses of Parliament and of the Legislative Assemblies of the States.
• The Chief Justice of India is the head of the judiciary in India and is appointed by the President of India on the recommendation of the Prime Minister and the Chief Justice of India.
• The Governor of a state is appointed by the President of India and is responsible for the administration of the state.
• The Governor has certain powers and functions under the Constitution of India, including the power to appoint the Chief Minister and other ministers of the state government.

The correct answer is a gross national product.

Key Points

• ​GNP - Gross National Product.
• It is the total value of all the final products and services in a given period in terms of production by a country's residents.
• It is calculated by taking the sum of personal consumption expenditures, domestic investment, expenditure by government, net exports, and any income earned by residents from overseas investments, and deducting the income earned within the domestic economy by foreign residents.
• GDP is Gross Domestic Product. It is the national output produced in a country.
• GNP = GDP + net property income from abroad.

Additional Information

• GDP is the final value of all the goods and services produced in a country in a given year.
• The nominal gross domestic product is the gross domestic product (GDP) evaluated at current market prices.
• Real GDP, on the other hand, is calculated by taking a base year as a determinant.
• Real GDP adjusts for price changes due to inflation/deflation.
• The main difference between nominal GDP and real GDP is the adjustment for inflation.

The correct answer is Kanak Rele.

Key Points

• Mohiniyattam is a traditional dance form of Kerala, India, which is known for its graceful movements and expressions.
• Kanak Rele is a renowned dancer, choreographer, and scholar who has contributed significantly to the promotion and development of Mohiniyattam.
• She has established the Nalanda Dance Research Centre in Mumbai, which focuses on research, training, and documentation of various Indian classical dance forms, including Mohiniyattam.
• Manjit Bawa was a famous Indian painter, while Ratan Thiyam is a well-known theatre director and playwright. Both of them are not associated with Mohiniyattam.
• Shanti Dave was a Gujarati poet and writer, who is also not related to Mohiniyattam.

Additional Informatio

• Manjit Bawa was known for his vibrant and colorful paintings, which often featured animals and mythical creatures.
• He was awarded the Padma Shri in 1984.
• Ratan Thiyam is the founder-director of the Chorus Repertory Theatre in Manipur, which has produced several acclaimed plays in India and abroad.
• He has been honored with numerous awards, including the Padma Shri and Padma Bhushan.
• Shanti Dave was a prominent figure in the Gujarati literary world, who wrote poetry, essays, and novels.
• She was awarded the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1977 for her book 'Saptapadi'.
• Mohiniyattam is believed to have originated in the 16^th century, and it is primarily performed by women.
• It combines elements of dance, music, and theatre to tell stories from Hindu mythology and folklore. The dance form is characterized by slow, graceful movements, delicate hand gestures, and subtle facial expressions.

The correct answer is The submerged vegetation rots under anaerobic conditions and gives rise to large amounts of methane, which is also a greenhouse gas.

Key Points

• The construction of large dams leads to the flooding of vast areas, which results in the submergence of vegetation and the subsequent rotting of submerged plants under anaerobic conditions.
• This rotting vegetation gives rise to large amounts of methane, which is a potent greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming.
• The loss of vegetation due to dam construction also affects the biodiversity of the area**, leading to the displacement of wildlife and changes** in the local ecosystem.
• In some cases, the construction of dams may also lead to the fragmentation of habitats and the loss of connectivity between different areas, further impacting vegetation and wildlife.
• The production of nodules by plants to produce nitrogen-fixing bacteria is not directly related to the construction of large dams and is not have a significant impact on dam construction on vegetation.
• While vegetation does produce oxygen under aerobic conditions, this is not a direct impact of dam construction on vegetation. The submergence and rotting of vegetation under anaerobic conditions is the primary impact of dam construction on vegetation.
• The growth of fungus may be a secondary impact of the rotting of submerged vegetation, but it is not a direct impact of dam construction on vegetation.

Additional Information

• Large dams have a significant impact on the environment, including vegetation, wildlife, and local communities.
• The submergence of vast areas of land and the subsequent flooding can lead to the displacement of people and wildlife, changes in local ecosystems, and the loss of biodiversity.
• The production of methane due to the rotting of submerged vegetation is a significant contributor to global warming and climate change.
• The construction of dams may also have social and economic impacts on local communities, including the loss of livelihoods and cultural heritage.

The correct answer is Jitendra Singh.

Key Points

• National Conference on e-Governance (NCeG) is an annual event organized by the Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances (DARPG) in collaboration with the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY).
• The conference provides a platform for government officials, industry experts, and academicians to discuss and share their experiences and best practices in the field of e-governance.
• The theme for the 25^th NCeG held in Katra, Jammu Kashmir in November 2022 was "Digital Governance: New Frontiers".
• Jitendra Singh, Union Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Development of North Eastern Region, MoS PMO, Personnel, Public Grievances, Pensions, Atomic Energy and Space, inaugurated the 25^th National Conference on e-Governance (NCeG) held in Katra, Jammu undefined Kashmir in November 2022.
• The 25^th National Conference on e-Governance was held in Katra, Jammu & Kashmir on Nov 26, 2022.
• Department of Administrative Reforms & Public Grievances DARPG and the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology are organizing it.
• This conference will be a platform for discussion on some of these technologies by inviting distinguished speakers to share their knowledge and insights on the subject.

Additional Information

• Arjun Munda is the Union Minister for Tribal Affairs.
• Piyush Goyal is the Union Minister for Commerce and Industry.
• Pralhad Joshi is the Union Minister for Coal and Mines.

Important Points

• E-governance, meaning 'electronic governance' is using information and communication technologies.
• Such as Wide Area Networks, the Internet, and mobile computing, at various levels of the government and the public sector and beyond, for the purpose of enhancing governance.
• The theme of the 25^th Conference is “Bringing Citizens, Industry and Government closer”.
• 24^th National Conference on e-Governance 2021 concludes at Hyderabad.

The correct answer is the National Institution for Transforming India.

• The full form of NITI Ayog is the National Institution for Transforming India.​

Key Points 

• NITI Aayog:
• NITI Aayog or National Institution for Transforming India Aayog is the replacement of the Planning Commission of India.
• National Institution for Transforming India (NITI) Aayog was created in accordance with the announcement made by Prime Minister, Narendra Modi on 15 August 2014.
• The Government of India, in keeping with its reform agenda, constituted the NITI Aayog to replace the Planning Commission instituted in 1950.
• The Planning Commission was replaced by a new institution – NITI AAYOG (National Institution for Transforming India) on January 1, 2015.
• It focuses upon the ‘Bottom-Up’ approach to Planning.
• Administrative Skeltal:
• Vice-Chairman - Dr. Suman Bery
• CEO - Parameswaran Iyer
• Chairperson: Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

The correct answer is 1266-1287.

Key Points 

• Ghiyas-ud-din Balban who ruled India as the Sultan of Delhi from 1266 to 1287 A.D. was one of the greatest Sultans of the Mediaeval period.
• He ninth Sultan in the Mamluk/Slave dynasty.
• He was purchased as a slave by Iltutmish.
• He carried out successful military campaigns as an officer.
• After Nasir-ud-din-Mahmud's death, Balban declared himself the Sultan as the former did not have any male heirs.
• He carried military and civil reforms in administration which earned him the position of the greatest Sultanate ruler after Iltutmish and Alauddin Khalji.
• Balban was a strict ruler and his court was the symbol of austerity and strict obedience to the emperor.
• He introduced the Persian festival of Navroz in India.
• Balban thought about the King as the shadow of God on Earth, subsequently, he called himself Nyiabat-i-Khudai.

Additional Information 

• Qutubuddin Aibak constructed two mosques, Quwwat-ul-Islam in Delhi and Adhai din ka Jhonpra in Ajmer. He also began the construction of Qutub Minar, in honor of the famous Sufi Saint, Khwaja Qutubuddin Bakhtiyar Kaki.
• Shamsuddin Iltutmish was the slave of Qutubuddin Aibak and occupied the throne of Delhi in 1211 AD after deposing Aram Bakhsh.
• Alauddin introduced the system of Dagh (the branding of the horse) and Chehra (the descriptive role of soldiers).

The correct answer is the Bhakra Nangal project.

Key Points

• Bhakra Nangal project is a multipurpose project built on the Sutlej River in the northern Indian states of Punjab and Himachal Pradesh.
• The project was built for hydel power production and irrigation purposes.
• The project is one of the largest and most successful hydroelectric power projects in India.
• The project has a total installed capacity of 1,325 MW and can irrigate over 10 million acres of land in the region.

Important Points

• Sutlej River
• The Sutlej River is the longest of the five rivers that flow through the historic crossroads region of Punjab in northern India and Pakistan.
• The Sutlej River is also known as Satadree.
• It is the easternmost tributary of the Indus River.
• The Bhakra Dam is built around the river Sutlej to provide irrigation and other facilities to the states of Punjab, Rajasthan, and Haryana.

Additional Information

• The Nagarjuna project is a multipurpose project built on the Krishna River in Andhra Pradesh, India. It was built for the purpose of irrigation and hydel power production.
• Hirakud project is a multipurpose project built on the Mahanadi River in Odisha, India. It was built for the purpose of irrigation, flood control, and hydel power production.
• The Sardar Sarovar Dam is a multipurpose project built on the Narmada River in Gujarat, India. It was built for the purpose of irrigation, drinking water supply, and hydel power production.

The correct answer is Rahul Gandhi.

Key Points

• Rahul Gandhi started the "Bharat Jodo Yatra" in September 2022, which was aimed at bringing people together and uniting the country.
• The yatra was aimed at countering the divisive policies of the ruling government and promoting unity and harmony among all sections of society.
• The yatra covered several states and saw the participation of thousands of people from different walks of life.
• Rahul Gandhi's "Bharat Jodo Yatra" received widespread support from the public and was seen as an important step towards national unity and integration.

Additional Information

• Amit Shah is a senior leader of the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and currently serves as the Union Home Minister of India.
• ​ He has not started any such yatra in September 2022.
• Akbaruddin Owaisi is a leader of the All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen (AIMIM) party and a member of the Telangana Legislative Assembly.
• He has not started any such yatra in September 2022.
• Arvind Kejriwal is the Chief Minister of Delhi and the leader of the Aam Aadmi Party (AAP).
• He has not started any such yatra in September 2022.

The correct answer is 1921.

Key Points

• The Non-Cooperation-Khilafat Movement began in January 1921.
• It was a joint movement by the Indian National Congress and the All India Khilafat Committee to protest against the British Government's actions towards the Khilafat issue and to demand Swaraj or self-rule for India.
• The movement gained widespread support and saw mass participation from all sections of society, including peasants, workers, students, and women.
• However, the movement was called off by Mahatma Gandhi in February 1922 after the Chauri Chaura incident, where a group of protesters attacked and killed police officers.
• The Non-Cooperation-Khilafat Movement played a significant role in India's struggle for independence and paved the way for future movements.
• The non-cooperation movement was a mass movement that was launched by Gandhi in 1920. It was a peaceful and non-violent protest against the British government in India.
• People had to resign from their government jobs. People were asked to withdraw their children from government-controlled or aided schools and colleges.
• After a series of events including the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre, Gandhiji realized that there was no prospect of getting any fair treatment at the hands of the British, so he planned to withdraw the nation's cooperation from the British Government, thus launching the Non-Cooperation Movement and thereby marring the administrative set up of the country.
• This movement was a great success as it got massive encouragement from millions of Indians. This movement almost shook the British authorities.

Additional Information 

• The Non-cooperation Movement was called off by Mahatma Gandhi after the Chauri Chaura incident in February 1922.
• Lord Reading was the viceroy of India when the Chauri Chaura incident took place.
• Chittaranjan Das was the President of the Gaya Session of the Indian National Congress held in 1922.

The correct answer is food fortification.

Key Points

• Food fortification is the process of adding extra nutrients to particular foods or categories of foods to improve their nutritional value.
• This is often done by governments to address nutrient deficiencies in the population, such as adding iodine to salt to prevent iodine deficiency disorders.
• Food protection refers to measures taken to prevent food contamination or spoilage, such as proper storage and handling practices.
• Food adulteration is the addition of harmful or inferior substances to food, often for economic gain, and is illegal.
• Food packaging refers to the materials and methods used to contain and protect food products during storage, transportation, and sale.

Additional Information

• Primordial prevention: It is the first level of prevention and it aims at risk factor reduction towards an entire population through a focus on social and environmental conditions. The primordial prevention measures are promoted through national policies and laws. For example, National nutritional programs, ICDS, Mid-day meal programs, etc are providing nutritional supplements to the entire population to prevent mortality and morbidity rates in nutritional problems.
• Secondary prevention: It emphasizes early disease detection and its target is healthy-appearing individuals with subclinical forms of the disease. Secondary prevention occurs in the form of screenings.
• Tertiary prevention: It targets both clinical and outcome stages of a disease. It is implemented in symptomatic patients to reduce the severity of the disease as well as any associated sequelae. Forms of tertiary prevention are commonly rehabilitation service

The correct answer is Onam.

Key Points

• Onam is a harvest festival celebrated in the Indian state of Kerala to remember King Mahabali, who is believed to have ruled Kerala in ancient times.
• It is celebrated in the Malayalam month of Chingam, which usually falls in August or September.
• The festival is marked by various rituals and cultural activities, including the famous snake boat race, called Vallamkali.
• Onam is an annual Malayali harvest festival celebrated in the state of Kerala.
• It is the official festival of the state and includes a spectrum of cultural events.
• Onam is celebrated to honor the homecoming of a mythical demon king Mahabali.
• He is the grandson of Prahlada and a descendant of sage Kashyapa.

Additional Information

• Vishu is another important festival celebrated in Kerala, which marks the beginning of the Malayalam New Year. It is usually celebrated in April.
• Ugadi is a New Year festival celebrated in the southern states of India, including Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, and Karnataka. It usually falls in March or April.
• Puthandu or Tamil New Year is celebrated in the state of Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka in mid-April.

The correct answer is the United States of America

• The idea of passing the Fundamental Rights in the Constitution of India was inspired by the Constitution of the United States of America.

Key PointsFundamental Rights:

• The Fundamental Rights have been described in Articles 12-35, Part III of the Indian Constitution.
• The Right to Property (Article 31) was deleted from the list of Fundamental Rights by the 44^th Amendment Act (1978).
• By the 44^th Amendment Act, 1978, it is made a normal constitutional right under Act 300A in Part XII of the Constitution.
• The provision of fundamental rights was borrowed from the Constitution of the USA.
• Fundamental rights are:
• Right to equality (Articles 14–18)
• Right to freedom (Articles 19–22)
• Right against exploitation (Articles 23–24)
• Right to freedom of religion (Article 25–28)
• Cultural and educational rights (Articles 29–30)
• Right to constitutional remedies (Article 32).

Additional Information

• Features borrowed from other countries:

The correct answer is Shyam Saran.

Key Points

• Shyam Saran took over as the new President of the India International Centre (IIC) in June 2022.
• He succeeded Karan Singh who held the position for 23 years.
• Shyam Saran is a retired Indian Foreign Service (IFS) officer who served as the Foreign Secretary of India from 2004 to 2006.
• He has also served as India's Ambassador to Myanmar, Indonesia, and Nepal.
• India International Centre (IIC) is a premier cultural institution in New Delhi, India, which promotes cultural and intellectual exchange between India and other countries.

Additional Information

• Karan Singh is an Indian politician and a former member of Parliament.
• He served as the President of the India International Centre (IIC) for 23 years before Shyam Saran.
• Narinder Nath Vohra is a retired Indian Administrative Service (IAS) officer who served as the Governor of Jammu and Kashmir from 2008 to 2018.
• He has no connection with the India International Centre (IIC).
• Kamaladevi Chattopadhyaya was an Indian social reformer and freedom fighter who played a key role in the Indian independence movement.
• She passed away in 1988 and has no connection with India International Centre (IIC).

The correct answer is Tele-medicine. 

Key Points

• Telemedicine is a technology that enables doctors to provide medical advice to their patients who are located far away from them.
• This technology involves the use of video conferencing, remote monitoring, and other communication technologies to connect doctors with their patients.
• Telemedicine is particularly useful in rural areas where medical facilities are limited, and patients have to travel long distances to receive medical care.
• It also helps in reducing healthcare costs and improving patient outcomes by providing timely and efficient medical TCARE.
• Tele-selling, Tele-Commerce, and Tele-Porting are not related to medical care and are not relevant options for the given question.

Given values:

Volume of first milk bottle: 1L with 45% milk.

Volume of second milk bottle: 750ml with 50% milk.

Volume of third milk bottle: 650ml with 60% milk.

The concept used: The percentage of milk in the mixture is the total amount of milk divided by the total volume.

Solution:

Calculate the total amount of milk: (1 × 0.45) + (0.75 × 0.50) + (0.65 × 0.60).

Calculate the total volume: 1 + 0.75 + 0.65.

Calculate the percentage: (Total milk/Total volume) × 100.

⇒ Total milk = (1 × 0.45) + (0.75 × 0.50) + (0.65 × 0.60) = 0.45 + 0.375 + 0.39 = 1.215L

⇒ Total volume = 1 + 0.75 + 0.65 = 2.4L

⇒ Percentage of milk = (1.215 / 2.4) × 100 = 50.625%

Therefore, the percentage of milk in the mixture is 50.625%.

Given

Base of the triangle: 3.2 m

Height of the triangle: 75 cm = 0.75 m

Concept used:

The area of a triangle is given by 0.5 × base × height.

Solution:

Calculate the area: 0.5 × 3.2 × 0.75.

⇒ Area = 0.5 × 3.2 × 0.75 = 1.2 m²

Therefore, the area of the triangle is 1.2 m².

Given

Percentage increase in price: 30%

Concept used:

The discount needed for no profit no loss is equal to the percentage increase.

Solution:

Calculate the discount: 30/(1+30/100) × 100.

⇒ Discount = 30/(1+30/100) × 100 = 23.08%

Therefore, the dealer should allow a discount of 23.08%.

Given:

Number of doctors: 25

Number of patients: 75

Time: 5 hours

Doctors leaving: 5

New time: 6 hours

Concept used:

The number of patients diagnosed is directly proportional to the number of doctors and time.

Solution:

Find the rate of work: 75/(25 × 5).

Find the number of patients diagnosed: (20 × 6) × rate of work.

⇒ Rate of work = 75/(25 × 5) = 0.6 patients/doctor/hour

⇒ Number of patients = (20 × 6) × 0.6 = 72 patients

Therefore, 72 patients can be diagnosed in 6 hours.

Given

First number: 0.124 (3 digits after decimal)

Second number: 1.0204 (4 digits after decimal)

Concept used: When multiplying decimal numbers, the number of digits after the decimal in the result is the sum of the digits after the decimal in the multiplicands.

Solution:

Add the number of decimal places: 3 + 4.

⇒ Number of decimal places = 3 + 4 = 7

Therefore, there will be 7 digits after the decimal point in the product.

Given

Marked price: ₹5000

First discount: 20%

Second discount: 10%

Concept used:

Successive discounts are calculated individually on the reduced price.

Solution:

Calculate the price after the first discount: 5000 × (1 - 20/100).

Calculate the price after the second discount: price after first discount × (1 - 10/100).

⇒ Price after first discount = 5000 × (1 - 20/100) = ₹4000

⇒ Price after second discount = 4000 × (1 - 10/100) = ₹3600

Therefore, a customer has to pay ₹3600 for the item.

Given

Time taken by P to complete the work alone: 15 days

Time taken by Q to complete the work alone: 10 days

Concept used:

Total work done is the Least Common Multiple (LCM) of individual work days, and the work done by P and Q alternately can be calculated from the total work done.

Solution:

LCM of 15 and 10 is 30

Time by P = 30/15 = 2

Time by Q = 30/10 = 3

Work done in 2 days = 2 + 3 = 5

Work done in 12 days = 5 × 6 = 30

Therefore, the work will be finished in 12 days

Given

Initial distance between cop and thief: 120 m

Speed of thief: 6 m/sec

Speed of cop: 8 m/sec

Concept used:

Relative speed is the difference of individual speeds, and the distance covered by the thief before the cop catches him is the product of the thief's speed and the time it takes for the cop to catch him.

Solution:

Calculate the relative speed: 8 m/sec - 6 m/sec.

Calculate the time for the cop to catch the thief: 120 m / relative speed.

Calculate the distance covered by the thief: thief's speed * time.

⇒ Relative speed = 8 m/sec - 6 m/sec = 2 m/sec

⇒ Time = 120 m / 2 m/sec = 60 sec

⇒ Distance covered by the thief = 6 m/sec × 60 sec = 360 m

Therefore, the thief covers a distance of 360 m before the cop catches him.

Shortcut Trick

When time is constant, the ratio of distances traveled is directly proportional to the ratio of their speeds.

Ratio of distances (Police : Thief) = 8 : 7

Difference in distance covered = 8 − 7 = 1 unit

Since the initial gap is 800 m, 1 unit = 800 m

Distance run by police officer = 8 units = 8 × 800 = 6400 m

∴ The correct answer is 6400 m.

Alternate Method

Police 8 km/h →

Thief 7 km/h →

Catch

800 m

Distance Thief Runs

Total Distance Police Runs = ?

Given:

Distance between police officer and thief = 800 m

Speed of police officer = 8 km/h

Speed of thief = 7 km/h

Formula Used:

Relative Speed (same direction) = Speed₁ − Speed₂

Time = Distance ÷ Relative Speed

Distance = Speed × Time

Conversion: km/h to m/s ⇒ Multiply by 5/18

Calculations:

⇒ Relative speed of police with respect to thief = 8 − 7 = 1 km/h

⇒ Relative speed in m/s = 1 × (5/18) = 5/18 m/s

⇒ Time taken by police officer to catch the thief = Distance ÷ Relative speed

⇒ Time = 800 ÷ (5/18) = (800 × 18) ÷ 5 = 2880 seconds

⇒ Speed of police officer in m/s = 8 × (5/18) = 40/18 m/s

⇒ Total distance run by police officer = Speed × Time

⇒ Total distance = (40/18) × 2880

⇒ Total distance = 40 × 160 = 6400 m

∴ The correct answer is 6400 m.

Additional Information

Relative Speed (Same Direction)

When two objects move in the same direction, their relative speed is the difference between their individual speeds: Relative Speed = S₁ − S₂.

Constant Time Concept

If the time taken by two moving bodies is equal, the distance covered is directly proportional to their respective speeds: D₁ ÷ D₂ = S₁ ÷ S₂.

Speed Conversion Rule

To convert km/h to m/s, multiply the speed by 5/18. Conversely, to convert m/s to km/h, multiply by 18/5.

Given 

 $\rm \frac{(143\div 13 × k-3\times 3)}{\left( 6^{2}-7\times 5+k^{2}\right) }$ = 1

Solution:

$\rm \frac{(143\div 13 × k-3\times 3)}{\left( 6^{2}-7\times 5+k^{2}\right) }=1$

$11× k-9= 36-35+k^{2}$

$10+k^{2}-11k=0$

⇒ Upon solving, the equation translates into k² - 11k + 10 = 0

⇒ The roots of this equation are k = 1

Therefore, the value of k is 1.

Given

Largest distance (diameter) between any two points on the sphere: 6 units

Concept used:

The volume (V) of a sphere is given by the formula (4/3)πr³ where r is the radius of the sphere which is half of the diameter.

Solution:

Calculate the radius: diameter/2.

Calculate the volume of the sphere: (4/3)πr³.

⇒ Radius = 6 units/2 = 3 units

⇒ Volume = (4/3)π(3)³ = 36π cubic units

Therefore, the volume of the sphere is 36π cubic units.

Given

Number of workers: 10

Increase in average weight: 2.8 kg

Weight of worker who left: 58 kg

Concept used:

The new average is the old average plus the increase, and the total weight increase is the product of the increase in average weight and the number of workers.

Solution:

Calculate the total weight increase: 10 × 2.8 kg.

Calculate the weight of the new worker: weight of worker who left + total weight increase.

⇒ Total weight increase = 10 × 2.8 kg = 28 kg

⇒ Weight of new worker = 58 kg + 28 kg = 86 kg

Therefore, the weight of the new worker is 86 kg.

Given

Initial income of Ram: ₹20,000 per month

Initial expenditure of Ram: ₹16,000 per month

Income increase: 10%

Expense increase: 15%

Concept used:

Savings = Income - Expenditure, and the net change in savings is the difference of the new savings and the initial savings.

Solution:

Calculate the initial savings: initial income - initial expenditure.

Calculate the new income and new expenditure.

Calculate the new savings: new income - new expenditure.

Calculate the net change in savings: new savings - initial savings.

⇒ Initial savings = ₹20,000 - ₹16,000 = ₹4,000

⇒ New income = ₹20,000 + 10% of ₹20,000 = ₹22,000

⇒ New expenditure = ₹16,000 + 15% of ₹16,000 = ₹18,400

⇒ New savings = ₹22,000 - ₹18,400 = ₹3,600

⇒ Net change in savings = ₹3,600 - ₹4,000 = -₹400

Therefore, the net change in his savings per month is a decrease by ₹400.

Shortcut Trick

Growth factor for two years = 1,50,528 ÷ 1,20,000 = 1.2544

Annual growth factor = √1.2544 = 1.12

For three years, the sum ₹P grows by a factor of 1.12³ = 1.404928

∴ P = 3,51,232 ÷ 1.404928 = 2,50,000

∴ The correct answer is ₹2,50,000.

Alternate Method

Given:

Case 1: Principal (P₁) = ₹1,20,000, Amount (A₁) = ₹1,50,528, Time (t₁) = 2 years

Case 2: Principal (P₂) = ₹P, Amount (A₂) = ₹3,51,232, Time (t₂) = 3 years

Formula Used:

Compound Interest Amount, A = P(1 + r/100)^t

Calculations:

⇒ For the first investment: 1,50,528 = 1,20,000 × (1 + r/100)²

⇒ (1 + r/100)² = 1,50,528 ÷ 1,20,000 = 1.2544

⇒ 1 + r/100 = √1.2544 = 1.12

⇒ For the second investment: 3,51,232 = P × (1.12)³

⇒ 3,51,232 = P × 1.404928

⇒ P = 3,51,232 ÷ 1.404928

⇒ P = 2,50,000

∴ The correct answer is ₹2,50,000.

Additional Information

Compound Interest Formula

The amount A after t years is given by A = P(1 + r/100)^t, where P is the principal and r is the annual interest rate.

Growth Multiplier

The term (1 + r/100) is the annual multiplying factor. If a sum grows for n years, the total multiplier is (1 + r/100)ⁿ.

Effective Rate of Interest

For a rate r compounded annually for 2 years, the effective interest rate is calculated as [r + r + (r × r)/100]%.

Given

Profit percentage of the first watch: 20%

Profit percentage of the second watch: 24.2%

The difference in selling prices: ₹189

Concept used:

The selling price (SP) is the cost price (CP) plus the profit, and the difference in selling prices is due to the difference in profit percentages.

Solution:

Let the CP be x.

⇒ x/(24.2% - 20%) =189

x = 189 × 100)/4.2 = ₹4,500

∴ Option 3 is the correct answer.

Given 

Number of people left for vaccination after three months: 84,000

Percentage of people vaccinated each month: 30%, 50%, 20%

Concept used:

The total population is calculated from the final number and the percentages of people vaccinated each month.

Solution:

Calculate the total population from the given percentages and the final number of people left for vaccination.

⇒ Total population = 84000 / (1 - 0.30 - 0.500.70 - 0.200.50*0.70) = 3 lakh

Therefore, the total population of the city is 3 lakh.

Given

P and Q together can complete the work in 20 days.

Q and R together can complete it in 30 days.

P is twice as good a workman as R.

Concept used:

Work done = Efficiency × Time, where Efficiency is the ability to do work.

Solution:

Total work = LCM(20, 30) = 60 units

Efficiency of P and Q = 60/20 = 3      ...........(i)

Efficiency of Q and R = 60/30 = 2      ...........(ii)

Acc to given condition

Efficiency of P : Efficiency of R = 2 : 1

Adding equation (i) and (ii), we get

Efficiency of (P + 2Q + R) = 5

⇒ 2 + 2Q + 1 = 

⇒ 2Q = 2

 

⇒ Efficiency of Q = 1

 

Days taken by Q to complete the work alone = 60/1 = 60 days

 

∴ Option 3 is the correct answer.

Given

The three numbers are 6, 10, and 12.

Concept used:

For four quantities to be in proportion, the product of extremes (the first and the fourth terms) should be equal to the product of means (the second and third terms).

Solution:

Calculate the fourth proportional by dividing the product of the second and third terms by the first term.

⇒ Fourth proportional = (10 × 12)/6 = 20.

Therefore, the fourth proportional of 6, 10 and 12 is 20.

Given

Present population: 95,000.

Increases: 15% in the first year, 20% in the second year.

Decrease: 12% in the third year.

Concept used:

The population after each year can be calculated by adding or subtracting the appropriate percentage.

Solution:

Calculate the population after each year by applying the given percentages.

⇒ Population after the first year = 95,000 × (1 + 15/100) = 1,09,250.

⇒ Population after the second year = 1,09,250 × (1 + 20/100) = 1,31,100.

⇒ Population after the third year = 1,31,100 × (1 - 12/100) = 1,15,368.

Therefore, the population of the town after three years is 1,15,368.

Given

Number of shirts bought: 42.

Cost price per shirt: ₹520.

Selling price per shirt: ₹548.

Concept used: Percentage profit = [(Selling price - Cost price)/Cost price] × 100.

Solution:

Calculate the profit percentage from the given selling and cost prices.

⇒ Percentage profit = [(₹548 - ₹520)/₹520] × 100 = 5.38%.

Therefore, the percentage profit on each shirt is 5.38%.

The correct answer is "praise."

Key Points

• The question is asking for an antonym of the word "criticize."
• "Criticize" means to say what is bad or wrong with somebody/something. (किसी की निंदा या आलोचना करना)
• Example: The doctor was criticized for not sending the patient to the hospital.
• "Praise" is the opposite of "criticise."
• "Praise" means to express approval or admiration. (व्‍यक्ति या वस्‍तु की प्रशंसा करना, उसे सराहना)
• Example: The fireman was praised for his courage.
• The correct answer is Option 3.

Correct sentence: The best way to motivate someone for their hard work is to praise them for their little accomplishments.

Additional Information

• "Blame" means to hold responsible for something negative. (किसी व्‍यक्ति या वस्‍तु को ग़लती का ज़िम्‍मेदार या दोषी ठहराना)
• "Censure" means to express severe disapproval. (अनुचित काम करने के लिए किसी की भर्त्सना करना)
• "Control" means to have power or authority over something or someone. ((किसी पर) नियंत्रण रखना)

The correct answer is "ruffian."

 Key Points

• "Rogue" means behaving differently from other similar people or things, often causing damage. (अपने सदृश व्‍यक्तियों या वस्‍तुओं से भिन्‍न आचरण करने वाला और प्रायः नुक़सानदेह)
• Example: This is a rogue program.
• Synonym of 'rogue' is 'ruffian.'
• "Ruffian" means a violent person or a troublemaker. (हिंसक व्यक्ति या उपद्रवी)
• The sentence implies that when the owner stopped paying the workers, many of them became violent or rebellious.
• Example: The ruffians broke into the store and stole all the goods.
• The correct answer is Option 1.

Additional Information

• Option 2 - reconnoitre: It means to make a military observation of a region. ((किसी क्षेत्र का) सैन्‍य जानकारी के लिए टोह लेना या जाँच पड़ताल करना)
• Example - The army was sent to reconnoitre the enemy's position.
• Option 3 - reformer: It means a person who advocates for change and improvement in society. (समाज में सुधार के लिए प्रयत्‍नशील व्‍यक्ति; समाज-सुधारक)
• Example - The social reformer worked towards abolishing child labor.
• Option 4 - naughty: It means disobedient or mischievous, but not necessarily violent. ((बच्‍चों के विषय में प्रयुक्त) शरारती, नटखट; कहना न मानने वाला, उद्दंड)
• Example - The naughty children were playing pranks on their teacher.

The correct answer is "Depart."

 Key Points

• "Vacate" means to leave or abandon a place or position. (दूसरे के लिए (मकान, सीट आदि) ख़ाली करना, (अपना स्‍थान या पद) छोड़ना)
• Example: When he left the university, he had to vacate his university-provided housing.
• "Depart" is a synonym of "vacate."
• "Depart" means to leave or go away from a place. ((कहीं से, कहीं के लिए) प्रस्‍थान करना, रवाना होना)
• Example: The train departed from Nagpur.
• The correct answer is Option 2.

Additional Information

• Fabricate means to make up or invent a story or lie. (मनगढ़ंत बातें करना, झूठी बातें गढ़ना, विरचना करना)
• Remember means to recall or bring to mind something from the past. (व्यक्ति या वस्‍तु का ध्‍यान रहना या उसे याद करना)
• Strain means to put pressure or stress on something. (किसी काम के लिए काफ़ी अधिक मानसिक या शारीरिक श्रम करना)

Here, the erroneous part is "What does kangaroos."

 Key Points

• The correct question should be "What do kangaroos eat?" as "kangaroos" is a plural noun and requires a plural verb.
• The segment contains a subject-verb agreement error.
• The verb "does" is singular and does not agree with the plural subject "kangaroos."
• The correct verb should be "do" to agree with the subject "kangaroos."
• The correct answer is Option 3.

Correct sentence: What do kangaroos eat? They are quite strong.

The correct answer is "Fair."

 Key Points

• "Impartial" means not biased or prejudiced. (जिसमें दो पक्षों में से किसी एक को अधिक प्रमुखता न दी जाए; निष्‍पक्ष)
• Example: The judge was impartial in his ruling, considering all the evidence presented to him.
• The synonym of "impartial" is "fair."
• "Fair" means appropriate and acceptable in a particular situation. (उचित, सही)
• Example: Her decision was fair.
• ​So, the correct answer is Option 2.

 Additional Information

• Option 1, "Biased," means having a preference or inclination towards one side. (किसी एक पक्ष की ओर प्राथमिकता या झुकाव होना)
• Option 3, "Good," means of a high quality or standard. (उच्‍च गुणवत्ता या स्‍तर का, अच्‍छा)
• Option 4, "Offensive," means unpleasant; insulting. (अप्रिय; अपमानजनक)

The correct answer is "appeared for the accused."

 Key Points

• 'Appear for' is the correct phrasal verb to use when someone is representing or defending someone else in a legal case. (जब कोई कानूनी मामले में किसी अन्य का प्रतिनिधित्व कर रहा हो या उसका बचाव कर रहा हो तो 'Appear for' सही वाक्यांश क्रिया है)
• The preposition 'to' is incorrect in this context.
• Example: Karan was appearing for the defence.
• The sentence implies that the advocate was not optimistic about the outcome of the case.
• The correct answer is Option 3.

Correct sentence: The advocate who appeared for the accused was least hopeful of the case.

The correct answer is "impact."

 Key Points

• "Impact" means a strong effect or influence, which fits the context of the sentence. (परिणाम या प्रभाव)
• Example: She has a big impact on her.
• "Result" and "purpose" do not convey the same meaning as "impact" in this context.
• "Assume" is completely unrelated to the sentence and does not make sense.
• The correct answer is Option 3.

Correct sentence: Though technology has advanced, environmental problems still have a drastic impact on mankind.

Additional Information

• Option 1 - "Result" means the outcome of an action or event, but it doesn't fit the context of the sentence. (परिणाम, नतीजा, फल (किसी अन्‍य बात के कारण घटित स्थिति); अंतिम स्थिति (घटनाओं की शृंखला की))
• Option 2 - "Purpose" means the reason for which something is done or created, but it doesn't fit the context of the sentence. ((किसी का) प्रयोजन, उद्देश्‍य, आशय या इरादा)
• Option 4 - "Assume" means to suppose something without evidence, which is completely unrelated to the sentence. (प्रमाण न होते हुए भी किसी बात को सत्‍य मान लेना; किसी बात के सत्‍य होने की आशा या अपेक्षा करना)

The correct answer is "fined; deeds."

 Key Points

• "Fined" means to be punished by paying a sum of money. (अर्थदंड या जुरमाना लगाना)
• Example: He was fined Rs 500 for driving without a licence.
• So, the correct word for the first blank is "fined."
• "Deeds" refers to actions or accomplishments. (जो किया जाए; कार्य, क्रिया)
• Example: Whatever his motives, the deed did save a hundred thousand lives.
• So, the correct word for the second blank is "deeds."
• The sentence suggests that the woman was punished for something she did wrong in the past.
• The correct answer is Option 1.

Correct sentence: She was fined for the wrong deeds of the past.

Additional Information

• Option 2, "fined; duds," is incorrect because "duds" refers to clothing that is old or worn-out, which doesn't make sense in this context. (नक़ली होने के कारण या ठीक से काम न करने के कारण प्रयोग में न आने वाली वस्‍तु)
• Option 3, "find; did," is incorrect because "find" is the wrong verb form and "did" doesn't fit grammatically in the sentence.
• Option 4, "find; deeds," is close to the correct answer but uses the wrong verb form.

The correct answer is "gift of speaking."

 Key Points

• The idiom "gift of gab" means the ability to speak confidently and persuasively. (आत्मविश्वास से और प्रेरक ढंग से बोलने की क्षमता)
• Example: My friend had the gift of the gab and gradually defused the situation.
• "Gift of speaking" means the capacity for assured and convincing speech. (आश्वस्त करने वाले भाषण की क्षमता)
• It is often used to describe someone who is a smooth talker or a good conversationalist.
• In the given sentence, it means that the person may not be a great leader but he can speak well.
• The correct answer is Option 2.

The correct answer is "Toleranse."

 Key Points

• The correct spelling of the word is "Tolerance."
• The incorrect spelling "Toleranse" has letter "s" instead of "c."
• The correct pronunciation is "TOL-er-uhns".
• The word means the ability to endure or accept something without resistance. (सहिष्‍णुता, सहनशीलता)
• Example: This period in history is not noted for its religious tolerance.
• The correct answer is Option 4.

Additional Information

• Option 1, "Preference", means a greater liking for one option over another. (एक की अपेक्षा दूसरी में अधिक रुचि; (किसी को किसी पर) अधिमान्‍यता, तरजीह)
• Option 2, "Avoidance", means the act of staying away from something or someone. (बचाव, परिहार)
• Option 3, "Correction", means the act of making something right or correcting a mistake. (त्रुटि-शोधन, सुधार कार्य)

The correct answer is "consequences."

 Key Points

• 'Causes' refers to a thing that gives rise to an action, phenomenon, or condition. ("कारण")
• Example: The causes of famine are still untraceable.
• 'Consequences' means the result or effect of an action, which can be positive or negative. (परिणाम, नतीजा, फल, प्रभाव)
• Example: Many people may lose their jobs as a consequence of recent poor sales.
• As we can see, 'causes' and 'consequences' are exactly opposite words.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

 Additional Information

• Option 1 - 'occasions' means a particular event or happening. (अवसर, मौक़ा, समय विशेष जब कुछ घटित हो)
• Option 2 - 'creations' means something that has been made or brought into existence. (कोई नई वस्‍तु बनाने या अस्तित्व में लाने की क्रिया; नवनिर्माण)
• Option 4 - 'factors' means a circumstance, fact or influence that contributes to a particular outcome. (किसी निर्णय, स्थिति आदि को प्रभावित करने वाला तत्‍व; कारक)

The correct answer is "pulling someone's leg."

 Key Points

• The idiom "pulling someone's leg" means to tease or joke with someone in a playful way. (चंचल तरीके से किसी को चिढ़ाना या मज़ाक करना)
• Example: Is it really your car or are you pulling my leg?
• The sentence is talking about someone who has a reputation for teasing and making fun of people, so this idiom fits well.
• The word "notorious" emphasizes that this person's behavior is well-known and often talked about.
• The sentence structure is correct, with "teasing and making fun" used as parallel verb phrases.
• The correct answer is Option 2.

Additional Information

• Option 1, "cutting corners", means to do something quickly or without following the proper procedures. (उचित प्रक्रियाओं का पालन किए बिना या जल्दी से कुछ करना)
• Option 3, "falling prey", means to become a victim of someone or something. (किसी व्यक्ति या वस्तु का शिकार बनना)
• Option 4, "pulling oneself together", means to calm down or regain composure. (शांत होना या संयम पुनः प्राप्त करना)

The correct answer is "Tainted."

 Key Points

• Pure means free from contamination or impurities. (शुद्घ (बिना मिलावट का))
• Example: This is pure orange juice.
• Tainted means contaminated or spoiled. (दूषित या ख़राब)
• Example: This is tainted seafood.
• Therefore, the antonym of Pure is Tainted.
• The correct answer is option 3.

Additional Information

• Virtuous means having high moral standards. (सदाचारी, सद्‌गुणी, गुणवान)
• Foolish means lacking good sense or judgement. (बेवक़ूफ़; बेअक़ल, बुद्धिहीन, विवेकहीन)
• Humble means having a modest opinion of oneself. (विनम्र, विनीत; घमंडी नहीं)

The correct answer is "discusios."

 Key Points

• The correct spelling of the word is "discussion."
• The given misspelt word needs to have an extra "s" after "s."
• The correct pronunciation of the word is "dih-skuhsh-uhn".
• The word is a noun that refers to the act of talking about a particular topic with other people. (चर्चा-परिचर्चा, विचार-विमर्श)
• Example: After much discussion, we all agreed to share the cost.
• The correct answer is Option 4.

Correct sentence: Since there are numerous topics of discussion with varying requirements, specific disciplines and age range require distinct interactive learning strategies.

 

Additional Information

• Option 1, "interactive", is spelled correctly and refers to something that involves communication or action between people or things. (जिसमें लोग साथ-साथ काम करें तथा एक-दूसरे से प्रभावित हों; अन्‍योन्‍य क्रियापरक)
• Option 2, "requirements", is spelled correctly and refers to the things that are needed or demanded for a particular purpose. (अपेक्षा, ज़रूरत, माँग)
• Option 3, "disciplines", is spelled correctly and refers to a branch of knowledge or learning, especially one that is taught in colleges or universities. (नियम-पालन और सदाचरण की शिक्षा, अनुशासन)

The correct answer is "gives a sneak peek of the magnum opus."

 Key Points

• The word "peak" is incorrect in this sentence.
• It should be replaced with "peek."
• The noun 'sneak peek' is the correct phrase to use to mean a brief preview or glimpse. (एक संक्षिप्त पूर्वावलोकन या झलक)
• Example: She took a sneak peek at the birthday presents hidden in the closet.
• The correct answer is Option 1.

Correct sentence: This trailer gives a sneak peek of the magnum opus that has been created by the southern film industry.

The correct answer is "pranced."

 Key Points

• "Pranced" means to walk or move around in a lively or playful manner. ((घमंड या ख़ुशी के मारे) अकड़कर चलना, इठलाना)
• Example: She pranced into the office and demanded to speak to the manager.
• The verb is often associated with horses or other animals, but can also be used to describe human movement.
• The word has a positive connotation and suggests energy, joy, and confidence.
• The correct answer is option 2.
• Correct passage:

Buck pranced over against the sled, ______ (2) ______, sobbing for breath, helpless. This was Spitz’s opportunity. He sprang upon Buck, and twice his teeth sank into his ______ (3) ______ foe and ripped and tore the flesh to the bone. Then Francois’ lash ______ (4) ______, and Buck had the satisfaction of watching Spitz receive the worst whipping as yet ______ (5) ______ to any of the team. ​

Additional Information

• "Staggered" means to walk unsteadily or with difficulty. ((बीमार, नशे में या वज़नदार चीज़ लिए होने के कारण) लड़खड़ाना, डगमगाना (छोटे-छोटे क़दमों से गिरते-पड़ते चलना))
• "Strutted" means to walk with a proud, self-important manner. (अकड़ कर चलना)
• "Swaggered" means to walk or behave in a very confident and typically arrogant or aggressive way. (अकड़कर चलना, इठलाना, इतराना)

The correct answer is "exhausted."

 Key Points

• "Exhausted" means to be completely tired out or depleted. (बहुत थका हुआ; चकनाचूर)
• Example: After running a marathon, I was completely exhausted.
• The sentence implies that something has been used up or depleted, making "exhausted" the appropriate choice.
• The word is an adjective, describing a state of being.
• The correct answer is Option 2.
• Correct passage:

Buck pranced over against the sled, exhausted, sobbing for breath, helpless. This was Spitz’s opportunity. He sprang upon Buck, and twice his teeth sank into his ______ (3) ______ foe and ripped and tore the flesh to the bone. Then Francois’ lash ______ (4) ______, and Buck had the satisfaction of watching Spitz receive the worst whipping as yet ______ (5) ______ to any of the team. ​

 Additional Information

• Option 1, "exterminated", means to completely destroy or eliminate something, usually referring to pests or vermin. (बड़ी संख्‍या में लोगों अथवा पशुओं को मार देना; संहार करना)
• Option 3, "excited", means to be enthusiastic or aroused by something. (किसी की भावनाओं (प्रसन्‍नता या अधीरता) को उभारना, किसी का भावोत्तेजन करना)
• Option 4, "eloquent", means to speak fluently and persuasively. (सार्वजनिक प्रसंग में वाणी का प्रयोग करने में दक्ष; वाक्‌चतुर)

The correct answer is 'undetermined.'

 Key Points

• 'Undetermined' means not yet decided or settled. (अभी तक निर्णय या निपटारा नहीं हुआ है)
• It is an adjective that can be used to describe a situation or a person's state of mind.
• Example: The outcome of the election is still undetermined.
• The correct answer is Option 3.
• Correct passage:

Buck pranced over against the sled, exhausted, sobbing for breath, helpless. This was Spitz’s opportunity. He sprang upon Buck, and twice his teeth sank into his undetermined foe and ripped and tore the flesh to the bone. Then Francois’ lash ______ (4) ______, and Buck had the satisfaction of watching Spitz receive the worst whipping as yet ______ (5) ______ to any of the team. ​

 Additional Information

• Option 1: 'Unresisting' means not resisting or opposing something. (किसी बात का विरोध या विरोध नहीं करना​)
• Example: She was unresisting when the police arrested her.
• Option 2: 'Unsatiable' means impossible to satisfy. (संतुष्ट करना असंभव है)​
• Example: His hunger seemed unsatiable, no matter how much he ate.
• Option 4: 'Unquenchable' means impossible to satisfy or extinguish. (संतुष्ट करना या बुझाना असंभव)
• Example: Her thirst for knowledge was unquenchable.

The correct answer is "descended."

 Key Points

• "Descended" means to move or fall downward, often in a gradual manner. (नीचे आना; उतरना)
• The word is commonly used to describe physical movement, such as a person descending a staircase or an object descending from a higher position.
• Example: Jane descended the stairs.
• "Descended" fits this description, as it suggests a downward movement or decline.
• The correct answer is Option 4.
• Correct passage:

Buck pranced over against the sled, exhausted, sobbing for breath, helpless. This was Spitz’s opportunity. He sprang upon Buck, and twice his teeth sank into his undetermined foe and ripped and tore the flesh to the bone. Then Francois’ lash descended, and Buck had the satisfaction of watching Spitz receive the worst whipping as yet ______ (5) ______ to any of the team.

 Additional Information

• "Defended" means to protect or support something, often in the face of criticism or attack. ((संकट से किसी की) रक्षा करना)
• "Deteriorated" means to become worse or less desirable over time. ((स्थिति का) बिगड़ना, बदतर होना)
• "Demeaned" means to lower someone's status or reputation, often through verbal or social means. (अक्सर मौखिक या सामाजिक माध्यमों से किसी की स्थिति या प्रतिष्ठा को कम करना)

The correct answer is "administered."

 Key Points

• The verb 'administered' means to manage or supervise the distribution or application of something. (नियंत्रित करना; व्‍यवस्‍था करना, प्रशासन चलाना, देखभाल करना)
• In this context, it refers to filling in the blank with the word that best fits the meaning of the sentence.
• The grammatical point to note is that 'administered' is the past participle form of the verb, which is used to form the passive voice or perfect tenses.
• Example: The vaccine was administered to all the students in the school.
• The correct answer is Option 3.
• Correct passage:

Buck pranced over against the sled, exhausted, sobbing for breath, helpless. This was Spitz’s opportunity. He sprang upon Buck, and twice his teeth sank into his undetermined foe and ripped and tore the flesh to the bone. Then Francois’ lash descended, and Buck had the satisfaction of watching Spitz receive the worst whipping as yet administered to any of the team.

 Additional Information

• Option 1, advertised, means to make something known to the public through various media channels. (विज्ञापन करना, देना या लगाना)
• Option 2, automated, means to use technology or machines to perform tasks without human intervention. (मशीन द्वारा परिचालित होने योग्‍य बनाना)
• Option 4, adjugated means to assign or award something, usually in a legal context. (आमतौर पर कानूनी संदर्भ में कुछ सौंपना या पुरस्कार देना)

उपरोक्त वाक्य के लिए उचित सरल वाक्य "इस लड़के से मैं मिल चुका हूँ।" होगा। अन्य विकल्प असंगत है।

Key Points

• मिश्र वाक्य-
• यह वही लड़का है जिससे मैं मिल चुका हूँ।
• इस वाक्य का सरल वाक्य- 
• इस लड़के से मैं मिल चुका हूँ।

Additional Informationरचना के आधार पर वाक्‍य के तीन भेद हैं- 

‘जो छूने योग्य न हो’ वाक्यांश के लिए सही शब्द "अछूत" है। अन्य विकल्प असंगत है। 

Key Points

• जो छूने योग्य न हो- अछूत।

अन्य विकल्प- 

Important Pointsअन्य महत्वपूर्ण उदाहरण- 

सही उत्तर है- "सबको"। अन्य विकल्प असंगत है।

Key Points

• सबको- इस शब्द के अंत में को कारक चिन्ह जुड़ा हुआ है।
• को कर्म कारक का चिन्ह है।
• कर्म कारक में क्रिया का प्रभाव जिस वस्तु पर पड़ता है, उसे कर्म कारक कहते हैं।
• इस वाक्य में सबको शब्द पर क्रिया का प्रभाव पड़ रहा है, इसलिए यह कर्म कारक है।

अन्य विकल्प- 

• अन्य विकल्पों में कारक चिन्ह नहीं जुड़ा हुआ है।
• कर्मों शब्द में कर्म संज्ञा है। संज्ञा के अंत में कारक चिन्ह नहीं जुड़ता है।
• फल संज्ञा है। संज्ञा के अंत में कारक चिन्ह नहीं जुड़ता है।
• पड़ता शब्द क्रिया है। क्रिया के अंत में कारक चिन्ह नहीं जुड़ता है।

Important Points

रक्त शब्द का समानार्थी शब्द "आनन" नहीं है। अन्य विकल्प असंगत है।

Key Points

• रक्त शब्द के लिए समानार्थी शब्द नहीं है-आनन।
• अन्य विकल्प-
• लहू,रुधिर,लोहित रक्त शब्द के समानार्थी शब्द है।
• आनन का अर्थ- मुख।
• आनन शब्द के अन्य समानार्थी शब्द-
• मुख, मुखड़ा, मुखमंडल, मुँह,चेहरा।

Important Pointsअन्य महत्वपूर्ण समानार्थी शब्द- 

वाक्य के "स्वास्थ" शब्द में वर्तनीगत अशुद्धि है। अन्य विकल्प असंगत है।

Key Points

• वाक्य- समुचित स्वच्छता स्वास्थ के लिए आवश्यक है।
• इस वाक्य में "स्वास्थ" शब्द में वर्तनीगत अशुद्धि है।
• स्वास्थ की शुद्ध वर्तनी स्वास्थ्य है।
• शुद्ध वाक्य- समुचित स्वच्छता स्वास्थ्य के लिए आवश्यक है।

Important Points

• वर्तनीगत अशुद्धि- 
• उच्चारण दोष अथवा शब्द रचना और संधि के नियमोँ की जानकारी की अपर्याप्तता के कारण सामान्यतः वर्तनी अशुद्धि हो जाती है।
• जहाँ 'श' एवं 'स' एक साथ प्रयुक्त होते हैँ वहाँ 'श' पहले आयेगा एवं 'स' उसके बाद।
• जैसे- शासन, प्रशंसा, नृशंस, शासक।

रेखांकित शब्द के स्थान पर "दुःखद" शब्द उपयुक्त होगा। अन्य विकल्प असंगत है। 

Key Points

• वाक्य- नेताजी की मृत्यु क्षोभजनक है।
• इस वाक्य में क्षोभजनक शब्द के स्थान पर दुःखद शब्द का प्रयोग होगा।
• क्षोभजनक का अर्थ- 
• खलबली पैदा करने वाला।
• दुःखद का अर्थ-
• कष्ट पहुँचानेवाला।
• सही वाक्य- नेताजी की मृत्यु दुःखद है।

Important Points

मुहवारें में उपयुक्त शब्द "ढीला" होगा। अन्य विकल्प असंगत है।

Key Points

Important Points अन्य महत्वपूर्ण मुहावरे- 

वाक्य "मेरे में अनंत शक्ति है" में सर्वनाम सम्बन्धी अशुद्धि है। अन्य  विकल्प असंगत है।

Key Points

• वाक्य- मेरे में अनंत शक्ति है।
• इस वाक्य में सर्वनाम संबंधी अशुद्धि है।
• यहाँ मेरे के स्थान पर मुझमें होगा।
• शुद्ध वाक्य- मुझमें अनंत शक्ति है।

Important Points