SSC CHSL Tier-1 2023: Official Paper (Held On: 03 Aug, 2023 Shift 1) (Previous Year Paper)

The logic followed here is:

Logic: The second word is the Synonym of the first word.

Here,

Begin - Start → Begin is the Synonym of Start.

Similarly,

Ban - Forbid → Ban is the Synonym of Forbid.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The correct mirror image of the given figure is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

Given: 11 August 2004 was Wednesday.

Then, 11 August 2005 was Wednesday + 1 = Thursday.

Now, from 11 August 2005 to 11 February 2006

= 20(Aug) + 30(Sept) + 31(Oct) + 30(Nov) + 31(Dec) + 31(Jan) + 11(Feb)

= 184 days.

And, Total odd days in 184 days = 184/7 = 26 weeks and 2 odd days.

So, 11 February 2006 will be → Thursday + 2 = Saturday.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: (1st number × 3) + 3 =  2nd number.

Now,

For, 24 is related to 75

→ (24 × 3) + 3

→ 72 + 3 = 75.

For, 36 is related to 111

→ (36 × 3) + 3

→ 108 + 3 = 111.

Similarly, for 43 is related to

→ (43 × 3) + 3

→ 129 + 3 = 132.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: (1st number - 1) ÷ 4 = 2nd number.

Now,

For 129 : 32

→ (129 - 1) ÷ 4

→ 128 ÷ 4 = 32.

For 109 : 27

→ (109 - 1) ÷ 4

→ 108 ÷ 4 = 27.

Similarly, for 289 : ?

→ (289 - 1) ÷ 4

→ 288 ÷ 4 = 72.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The correct mirror image of the given figure is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The logic followed here is:

For, 'QUIRKY' is coded as 'TCLZNG',

For, 'MUZHIK' is coded as 'PCCPLS',

Similarly, for 'FROWZY'

So, 'FROWZY' will be coded as 'IZRECG'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The logic followed here is:

For, 'AFKQ' is related to 'BELR'

For, 'IQWY' is related to 'JPXZ'

Similarly, for 'CMSU'

So, 'CMSU' will be related to 'DLTV'

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

BODMAS Table: 

Given equation: 13 ÷ 182 × 14 - 45 + 24 = ?

Now, if ‘+’ and ‘-‘ and ‘×' and '÷’ are interchanged, then:

⇒ 13 × 182 ÷ 14 + 45 - 24 = ?

⇒ 13 × 13 + 45 - 24 = ?

⇒ 169 + 45 - 24 = ?

⇒ 214 - 24 = 190.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The triangles are:

So, there are total '8' triangles in the given figure.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: (1st number × 2nd number) + 2 = 3rd number.

Now,

For 4 - 12 - 50

→ (4 × 12) + 2

→ 48 + 2 = 50.

For 7 - 12 - 86

→ (7 × 12) + 2

→ 84 + 2 = 86.

Similarly, for 6 - 18 - 110

→ (6 × 18) + 2

→ 108 + 2 = 110.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

Given:

'TRIM' is coded as '6794'

'MINT' is coded as '3679'.

So, 'R' will be coded as '4'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The logic followed here is:

So, '209' will complete the series.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The logic followed here is:

Option 1) MKN

Option 2) QOR

Option 3) GEH

Option 4) TRV

Here, 'TRV' is odd among the given options.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The logic followed here is:

So, 'XQPHD' will be the correct combination of letters that filled in the blanks in the same sequence will make the series logically complete.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: The second word shows the properties of the first word.

Here,

Blood : Red → Blood naturally has the color Red.

Similarly,

Stone : Hard → Stones naturally have the property of being Hard.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The logic followed here is:

So, '25' will complete the series.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

Given Statements:

Some apples are oranges.

All oranges are bananas.

All bananas are mangoes.

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statement is:

Conclusions:

I. Some mangoes are oranges - True (Because, All oranges are bananas and all bananas are mangoes, so some part of mangoes is also oranges).

II. Some bananas are apples - True (Because, Those part of mangoes which is oranges will also apples).

So, Both conclusions (I) and (II) are true.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

Given word: VAPORIZE

Now, each letter of the word 'VAPORIZE' is arranged in English alphabetical order:

 

Here, only 'One' letter(O) will remain unchanged after arrange the words in Alphabetical order.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The logic followed here is:

Step I: The symbols are getting rotated by 90 degree to the next diagram.

Step II: One lines added in the each next images.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: (1st number × 4) + 3 = 2nd number.

Now, checking the options:

Option 1) 5 : 23 → (5 × 4) + 3 → 20 + 3 = 23.

Option 2) 4 : 19 → (4 × 4) + 3 → 16 + 3 = 19.

Option 3) 2 : 11 → (2 × 4) + 3 → 8 + 3 = 11.

Option 4) 7 : 32 → (7 × 4) + 3 → 28 + 3 = 31 ≠ 32.

So, '7 : 32' odd among the given options.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The logic followed here is:

So, 'ONSB' will be the correct combination of letters that filled in the blanks in the same sequence will make the series logically complete.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

Family Chart:

Decoding the Symbols:

 

Given: M + N ÷ O × P - Q

It means: M is the Mother of N, N is the Father of O, O is the Wife of P, P is the Brother of Q.

So, M is the 'Wife's Father's Mother' of P.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

Family Chart:

Given: Pointing towards a photo, Mahesh said, "She is the daughter of the only son of my grandfather."

So, the girl is the 'Sister' of Mahesh.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

BODMAS Table: 

Given equation: 26 ÷ 6 + 24 × 3 - 6 = ?

Now, if ‘+’ and ‘-‘ and ‘×' and '÷’ are interchanged, then:

⇒ 26 × 6 - 24 ÷ 3 + 6 = ?

⇒ 26 × 6 - 8 + 6 = ?

⇒ 156 - 8 + 6 = ?

⇒ 162 - 8 = 154.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The correct answer is Irving Fisher.

Key Points

• Irving Fisher gave the concept of 'money illusion' for the first time.
• Money illusion refers to the tendency of people to think in nominal terms rather than real terms.
• For example, if a person's salary increases by 3% but inflation is also 3%, they may think they have received a raise when in reality their purchasing power has not changed.

Additional Information

• Adam Smith is known for his work on economics.
• He is often referred to as the father of modern economics.
• JM Keynes was a renowned economist.
• He is known for his theories on macroeconomics and the role of government in managing the economy.
• Robertson was an economist who contributed to the development of monetary theory.

The correct answer is Real Madrid.

Key Points

• Real Madrid is one of the most successful football clubs in the world, with a record 13 European Cup/UEFA Champions League titles.
• The Bernabeu stadium is the home ground of Real Madrid.
• It has a capacity of over 81,000 spectators and is located in the city center of Madrid.
• The stadium has been the venue for several high-profile football matches, including the finals of the European Cup/UEFA Champions League and the World Cup.
• Real Madrid has a fierce rivalry with Barcelona, who play their home games at the Camp Nou stadium.
• The two teams compete in the El Clasico derby, which is one of the most watched football matches in the world

Additional Information

• Elche is a Spanish football club that currently plays in the second division of the Spanish league system.
• Their home ground is the Estadio Manuel Martinez Valero, which is located in the city of Elche.
• Barcelona is another top Spanish football club, with a record 5 European Cup/UEFA Champions League titles.
• They play their home games at the Camp Nou stadium, which has a capacity of over 99,000 spectators.
• Athletic Madrid (also known as Atletico Madrid) is a Spanish football club that has won the Spanish league title 11 times.
• They play their home games at the Wanda Metropolitano stadium, which has a capacity of over 68,000 spectators.

The correct answer is its value is backed by the issuing authority.

 Key Points

• The issuing authority, which is the government in this case, guarantees the value of the coin.
• This means that the coin can be used as a medium of exchange, as people trust that it is worth the value printed on it.
• The ten rupee coin is not finely or artistically minted, nor does it have an intrinsic value greater than Rs. 10.
• Its value is purely symbolic and based on the trust that people have in the issuing authority.

Additional Information

• The term "issuing authority" refers to the entity that is responsible for creating and distributing currency.
• In India, this is the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), which is the central bank of the country.
• Finely and artistically minted coins may have aesthetic value, but this does not necessarily make them more valuable as currency.
• The value of a coin is determined by its purchasing power, which is based on the trust that people have in the currency and the stability of the economy.
• The intrinsic value of a coin is the value of the metal or materials used to make it.
• For example, a gold coin may have an intrinsic value based on the current market price of gold.
• However, most modern currency is not based on intrinsic value, but on the trust and confidence that people have in the issuing authority.

The correct answer is Dinpanah.

Key Points

• Humayun built the city of Dinpanah in Delhi during his reign as the Mughal emperor.
• The city was built as a refuge for his family and court during times of war and unrest.
• Dinpanah was located near the older city of Purana Qila and was connected to it by a bridge over the Yamuna River.
• Today, the remains of Dinpanah can be seen in the form of ruins and archaeological sites in the area.

Additional Information

• Akbarabad was built by Humayun's son Akbar after he became the Mughal emperor.
• During his lifetime, Akbar had renamed Agra as Akbarabad.
• But following the demise of Akbar, the name was once more changed to Agra.
• Muhammadabad is not a historically significant city and is not related to Humayun or the Mughal Empire.
• Siri was an ancient city in Delhi that was destroyed by Timur in the 14th century and was not rebuilt by Humayun.
• Delhi gave rise to Siri as its second city, but it was never taken.

The correct answer is Kerala.

Key Points

• Kerala has the highest female literacy rate in India according to the Census of India 2011, with a rate of 96.2%.
• Himachal Pradesh has the second-highest female literacy rate with 83.8%.
• Tamil Nadu has a female literacy rate of 80.3%, while Maharashtra has a rate of 77.4%.
• Female literacy rates are an important indicator of a state's development and progress towards gender equality.
• Kerala's high female literacy rate is due in part to its strong focus on education and high levels of social development.

Additional Information

• Himachal Pradesh has made significant progress in female literacy rates over the years, with the rate increasing from 76.5% in 2001 to 83.8% in 2011.
• Tamil Nadu has also made progress in female literacy rates, increasing from 68.5% in 2001 to 80.3% in 2011.
• Maharashtra has a relatively lower female literacy rate compared to other states in India, but has made progress in recent years with the rate increasing from 67.5% in 2001 to 77.4% in 2011.

The correct answer is International Non-Violence Day.

 Key Points

• October 2^nd is celebrated as the birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi, who was a leader of the Indian independence movement and a pioneer of the philosophy and strategy of non-violence.
• The United Nations General Assembly declared October 2^nd as the International Day of Non-Violence in 2007 to disseminate the message of non-violence, including through education and public awareness.

Additional Information

• World Social Justice Day is observed on February 20^th to promote social justice and eradicate poverty, inequality, and discrimination.
• World Wildlife Day is celebrated on March 3rd to raise awareness of the importance of wildlife and to promote conservation and sustainable use of wildlife.
• International Education Day is observed on January 24th to highlight the role of education in building a peaceful and sustainable world.

The correct answer is the British Constitution.

 Key Points

• The political part of the Indian Constitution has been largely drawn from the British Constitution.
• The Indian Constitution has borrowed the parliamentary form of government, the rule of law, the bicameral legislature, and the office of the governor from the British Constitution.
• However, the Indian Constitution has also made several modifications to the British model to suit the Indian context.
• For instance, India has a federal system of government with a strong center, while the UK has a unitary system.

Additional Information

• The Irish Constitution has influenced the Indian Constitution in terms of the Directive Principles of State Policy.
• The Indian Constitution has borrowed the idea of social and economic justice from the Irish Constitution.
• The Australian Constitution has influenced the Indian Constitution in terms of the concurrent list, which allows both the center and the states to make laws on certain subjects.
• The US Constitution has influenced the Indian Constitution in terms of fundamental rights, which are similar to the Bill of Rights in the US Constitution.
• However, the Indian Constitution has also made several modifications to the US model, such as the inclusion of socio-economic rights.

The correct answer is 2022-23 to 2026-27.

Key Points

• The New India Literacy Programme (NILP) will run from FY 2022-23 to 2026-27 with a budget of Rs. 1,037.90 crores.
• The NILP aims to provide functional literacy and numeracy to over 60 million non-literate and low-literate adults in the age group of 15-45 years.
• The programme will focus on digital and vocational literacy, and will use technology-enabled learning platforms to reach out to learners in remote and difficult-to-reach areas.
• The programme will also involve community participation and engagement and will be implemented through a decentralized and participatory approach.

Additional Information

• The ability to read, write, speak, and listen in a way that facilitates efficient communication and helps us make sense of the outside world is known as literacy.
• In India, 77.70% of people are literate overall (2021 and 2022).
• And it takes a very long time to achieve this weightage through policies and reforms.
• When India gained its independence in 1947, the country's literacy rate was extremely low.
• Merely 18% of the total populace possessed literacy skills.

The correct answer is It covered the period of the 1980s.

Key Points

• Period: The second phase of the Green Revolution was introduced in the 1980s.
• Second Phase: The second phase did involve the introduction of new technologies in areas with irrigation facilities.
• Technological Introduction: The Green Revolution was a period of increased agricultural productivity in the mid-20th century, largely due to the introduction of new technologies, such as high-yielding crop varieties, irrigation, and fertilizers.

Additional Information

• The first phase of the Green Revolution occurred in the 1960s and 1970s.
• During this period, only certain states such as Punjab, Haryana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, etc. were using HYV seeds.
• The second phase of the Green Revolution did involve the introduction of new technologies in areas with irrigation facilities.
• The Second Green Revolution refers to the shift in agricultural production that is generally accepted as being required to feed and support the planet's expanding population.
• These calls were prompted, among other things, by concerns about peak oil and rising food commodity prices.
• Punjab and Uttar Pradesh were two of the regions where the Green Revolution was first introduced in India.

The correct answer is Acrolein.

Key Points

• The chemical compound having the molecular formula C₃H₄O is called Acrolein.
• Acrolein is mostly used for the production of acrylic acid and acrylate ester.
• Acrylic acid is used in the production of various products such as adhesives, coatings, and paints.
• Acrylate ester is used in the production of polymers and plastics.

Additional Information

• Naphthaldehyde is an organic compound that is used as a flavoring agent.
• It is also used in the production of dyes and pharmaceuticals.
• Vanillin is an organic compound that is used as a flavoring agent in food and beverages.
• It is the main ingredient in the vanilla bean extract.
• Muscone is an organic compound that is used in the production of perfumes and fragrances.

The correct answer is interest rates were increased.

 Key Points

• A hawkish stand on interest rates means that the central bank or monetary policy committee is inclined towards raising interest rates in order to control inflation.
• This is usually done to prevent the economy from overheating due to excessive borrowing and spending, which can lead to inflation.
• In contrast, a dovish stand on interest rates means that the central bank is more likely to lower interest rates to stimulate economic growth and borrowing.

Additional Information

• The term "hawkish" comes from the idea of a hawk, which is known for being aggressive and vigilant.
• A hawkish monetary policy is characterized by a more aggressive stance toward controlling inflation and maintaining price stability.
• In contrast, a "dovish" monetary policy is named after the image of a dove, which is associated with peace and tranquility.
• A dovish policy is more focused on stimulating economic growth and reducing unemployment, even if it means accepting a higher level of inflation.

The correct answer is Andhra Pradesh.

Key Points

• Gurunaidu Sanapathi is from Andhra Pradesh.
• He became India's first weightlifter to win a gold medal at the IWF in 2022.
• He created history by achieving this feat.
• Gurunaidu Sanapathi has brought laurels to his state and the country as a whole.

Additional Information

• Kerala is a state in the southern part of India known for its scenic beauty and backwaters.
• It is also known for its traditional martial art form, Kalaripayattu.
• Tamil Nadu is a state in the southern part of India known for its rich culture and heritage.
• It is also known for its famous temple cities, such as Madurai and Thanjavur.
• Tamil Nadu's traditional stick-martial art is called silambam.
• Odisha is a state in the eastern part of India known for its rich history and culture.
• It is also known for its famous temples, such as the Jagannath Temple in Puri.
• Odisha has produced many renowned sports personalities, such as Dutee Chand and Anuradha Biswal.
• The Odia phrase "paika akhada" means "warrior gymnasium" or "warrior school" in general.

The correct answer is n = 4, I = 3, m = +1, s = +1/2.

Key Points

• The four quantum numbers for an electron present in 4f orbital are n = 4, l = 3, m = +1, and s = +1/2.
• The principal quantum number (n) indicates the energy level of the electron, and for 4f orbital, it is 4.
• The azimuthal quantum number (l) determines the shape of the orbital, and for f orbital, it can have values from 0 to n-1, which gives l = 3.
• The magnetic quantum number (m) specifies the orientation of the orbital in space and can have values from -l to +l, which gives m = +1 for the 4f orbital.
• The spin quantum number (s) describes the intrinsic angular momentum of the electron and can have two values, +1/2 or -1/2, for the electron in 4f orbital, it is +1/2.

Additional Information

• Quantum Numbers are a set of numbers that describe the properties of an electron in an atom, including its energy level, orbital shape, orientation, and spin.
• The characteristics of atomic orbitals and the electrons within them are described by quantum numbers.
• There are four quantum numbers that represent the states of an electron in an atom or an ion.

The correct answer is NABARD.

Key Points

• NABARD (National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development) launched the project E-Shakti for the digitization of all members of self-help groups in India.
• The project aimed to digitize the data of around 3 crore members of Self Help Groups across the country.
• E-Shakti helped in creating a comprehensive database of all the members of SHGs which helped in tracking their financial transactions and also provided them with easy access to credit facilities.
• The project also aimed to improve the efficiency of the SHGs and make them more self-sustainable by providing them with necessary training and capacity building.
• Overall, E-Shakti played a crucial role in promoting financial inclusion and empowering women in rural areas through the SHG model.

Additional Information

• SIDBI (Small Industries Development Bank of India) is a financial institution that focuses on providing financial assistance and support to small-scale industries. 
• Working Capital Assistance, Term Loan Assistance, Foreign Currency Loan, Receivables Support, Equity Support, Energy Saving Scheme, and other services are provided by SIDBI to the MSME sector.
• SEBI (Securities and Exchange Board of India) is a regulatory body that oversees the functioning of the securities market in India.
• It was created by the Indian government in 1992 to oversee the securities market and safeguard the interests of investors who buy securities.
• IFCI (Industrial Finance Corporation of India) is a financial institution that provides long-term financial assistance to medium and large-scale industries. 
• The Government of India established The Industrial Finance Corporation of India (IFCI) on July 1, 1948 by enacting the IFC Act 1948.

The correct answer is Gypsum.

 Key Points

• Anhydrite is a mineral that has the chemical formula CaSO₄.
• It is an anhydrous form of gypsum.
• When anhydrite undergoes hydration, it reacts with water to form gypsum (CaSO₄.2H₂O).
• Therefore, the product of the reaction when anhydrite undergoes hydration is gypsum.

Additional Information

• Gypsum is a soft sulfate mineral that is widely used in construction as a building material.
• It is also used in agriculture, medicine, and other industries.
• Limonite is a type of iron ore that is brownish-yellow in color.
• It can precipitate from surface or groundwater that is rich in iron, and it forms from the weathering of other iron minerals.
• Magnesite is a mineral that has the chemical formula MgCO₃.
• The mineral was created either by the action of magnesium-containing solutions on calcite or as an alteration product from rocks rich in magnesium.
• Kaolin is a type of clay mineral that is used in ceramics, paper, and other industries.
• The fine particle size, plate-like or lamellar particle shape, and chemical inertness of hydrous kaolin are its distinguishing features.

The correct answer is Visceral leishmaniasis.

 Key Points

• Visceral leishmaniasis, also known as kala-azar, is a parasitic disease caused by the Leishmania donovani parasite, which is transmitted by the bite of an infected phlebotomine sandfly.
• The disease is characterized by irregular fever, weight loss, and enlargement of the spleen and liver, which can lead to serious health complications if left untreated.
• Treatment for visceral leishmaniasis typically involves a combination of drugs such as liposomal amphotericin B, miltefosine, and paromomycin.
• Prevention measures for the disease include using insect repellent, wearing protective clothing, and sleeping under insecticide-treated bed nets.

Additional Information

• Japanese encephalitis is a viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes.
• It can cause inflammation of the brain and is endemic in parts of Asia.
• Diarrhea is a common condition characterized by loose or watery stools.
• It can be caused by a variety of factors such as infections, food intolerances, and medications.
• Anaplasmosis is a tick-borne disease caused by the Anaplasma phagocytophilum bacterium.
• It can cause fever, headache, and muscle aches.

The correct answer is Gadadhar Chattopadhyaya.

Key Points

• Ramakrishna Paramahansa was originally named Gadadhar Chattopadhyaya.
• He was born in a village called Kamarpukur in the Hooghly district of West Bengal in 1836.
• Ramakrishna Paramahansa was a mystic and spiritual teacher who is considered to be one of the most influential figures in the spiritual history of India.
• He was a devotee of the Hindu goddess Kali and his teachings were based on the principles of Advaita Vedanta.

Additional Information

• Dayanand Saraswati was a Hindu reformer who founded the Arya Samaj.
• His greatest work is the book Satyarth Prakash, which continues to be a very influential work on the Vedic philosophy and explanations of many concepts and human responsibilities.
• Shree Narayana Guru was a social reformer and philosopher from Kerala.
• He spearheaded a reform movement to advance social equality and spiritual enlightenment by combating injustice in Kerala's caste-based society.
• "One caste, one religion, and one god for all men" is his well-known quotation.
• Narendra Nath Datta was a disciple of Ramakrishna Paramahansa who later became known as Swami Vivekananda.
• He was born on January 12, 1863, in Calcutta.

The correct answer is Sitar.

 Key Points

• Ravi Shankar is famous for playing the sitar, which is a stringed musical instrument with a long neck and a rounded body.
• He is known for popularizing Indian classical music and the sitar in the Western world during the 1960s and 1970s.

Additional Information

• The veena is another stringed instrument that is popular in Indian classical music, but it is played differently from the sitar and has a different shape and sound.
• The algoza is a wind instrument that consists of two bamboo flutes played together.
• It is commonly used in Punjabi folk music.
• The flute is also a wind instrument, but it is played differently from the algoza and has a different sound.
• It is often used in classical music and jazz.

The correct answer is Sattriya.

Key Points

• Chali, Jhumura and Nadu Bhangi are associated with Sattriya.
• It is a classical dance form from Assam.
• Sattriya is characterized by brisk footwork, graceful movements, and intricate hand gestures.

Additional Information

• Kathakali is a classical dance form from Kerala.
• It combines dance, music, and acting to tell stories from Hindu mythology.
• Manipuri is a classical dance form from Manipur.
• It is characterized by its gentle, fluid movements and use of vibrant costumes.
• Kuchipudi is a classical dance form from Andhra Pradesh.
• It combines storytelling, dance, and music to depict tales from Hindu mythology.

The correct answer is 1885.

Key Points

• 1885 is the year in which a group of prominent Indian leaders, including Allan Octavian Hume and Dadabhai Naoroji, founded the Congress.
• It was founded with the goal of advocating for Indian independence from British rule and promoting Indian interests.
• Over the years, the Congress has played a significant role in India's struggle for independence and in shaping the country's political landscape.

Additional Information

• INC was the first contemporary nationalist movement to arise in Asia and Africa under the British Empire.
• Congress, which came into being as a secular, all-encompassing party following India's independence in 1947, dominated Indian politics for the next twenty years.
• Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, the party's first prime minister, convinced the Congress to back socialist policies by instituting a mixed economy, forming a secular state, forming the Planning Commission, and introducing Five-Year Plans.
• Following the demise of Nehru and the brief administration of Lal Bahadur Shastri, Indira Gandhi assumed the role of party leader.

The correct answer is 10.

Key Points

• India has won a total of 10 medals in the 2023 Taoyuan Archery Asia Cup Stage-I World ranking tournament.
• This is the highest number of medals won by any country in the tournament.
• The tournament is a world ranking tournament for archery, held in Taoyuan, Taiwan.

Additional Information

• Archery is a sport where participants shoot arrows at a target from a specific distance.
• The Taoyuan Archery Asia Cup is a series of tournaments held across Asia, where archers from different countries compete for world ranking points.
• India has a strong history in archery, with Deepika Kumari being a notable archer who has won multiple medals in international competitions.

The correct answer is Odissi.

Key Points

• Sutapa Talukdar is associated with the Indian classical dance form of Odissi, which originated in the eastern state of Odisha.
• Odissi is known for its fluidity, grace, and intricate footwork, and is characterized by its use of sculpturesque poses and facial expressions to convey emotions and tell stories.

Additional Information

• Kuchipudi is another Indian classical dance form that originated in the state of Andhra Pradesh.
• It is known for its fast-paced footwork, intricate hand gestures, and dramatic storytelling.
• Bharatanatyam is a classical dance form from the southern state of Tamil Nadu.
• It is known for its precise footwork, complex rhythms, and elaborate costumes and makeup.
• Mohiniyattam is a classical dance form from the southwestern state of Kerala.
• It is known for its graceful, flowing movements and subtle expressions.

The correct answer is Madhya Pradesh.

Key Points

• Madhya Pradesh has the highest production of manganese in India, with a production of 5,528 thousand tonnes in the year 2019-20, according to the Indian Minerals Yearbook 2020.
• Manganese is an important mineral used in the production of steel and other alloys.
• India is the fifth-largest producer of manganese in the world.
• Madhya Pradesh has several manganese mines, including the Balaghat mine, which is one of the largest manganese mines in Asia.

Additional Information

• Karnataka is the second-highest producer of manganese in India with a production of 4,961 thousand tonnes in 2019-20.
• Odisha is the third highest producer of manganese in India with a production of 3,808 thousand tonnes in 2019-20.
• Maharashtra produced 1,271 thousand tonnes of manganese in 2019-20, which is lower than the top three manganese-producing states.
• Manganese is mainly used in the production of steel, aluminum, and batteries.
• It is also used in the production of fertilizers, animal feed, and water treatment chemicals.

The correct answer is Preventive detention.

 Key Points

• Article 22 of the Indian Constitution deals with the right to protection against arrest and detention in certain cases.
• It lays down the guidelines for preventive detention, which means detaining a person without trial for a certain period, in order to prevent him/her from committing a crime.
• This article also ensures that a person who is arrested has the right to be informed about the grounds of arrest, and the right to consult and be defended by a legal practitioner of his/her choice.

Additional Information

• The right to education is covered under Article 21A of the Indian Constitution.
• Protection of personal liberty is covered under Article 21 of the Indian Constitution, while Article 22 deals with protection against arrest and detention in certain cases.
• Protection of life is covered under Article 21 of the Indian Constitution, while Article 22 deals with protection against arrest and detention in certain cases.

The correct answer is Chemical.

 Key Points

• The chemical industry is its own major consumer in India as it produces a wide range of products that are used in various sectors such as agriculture, textiles, pharmaceuticals, and construction.
• The chemical industry is one of the oldest industries in India and is a significant contributor to the country's economy, accounting for around 2% of India's GDP.
• The key term mentioned in the question is "its own major consumer," which means the industry that produces products that are primarily used within the same industry.

Additional Information

• The iron and steel industry is one of the largest industries in India and is a major contributor to the country's economy.
• It is used in various sectors such as construction, infrastructure, and automobile.
• The aviation industry in India is growing rapidly, and it plays a crucial role in connecting various parts of the country and promoting tourism.
• The automobile industry is also one of the largest industries in India and is a significant contributor to the country's economy.
• It is used in various sectors such as transportation, logistics, and construction.

Shortcut Trick

Fraction value of 15% discount = −3/20, meaning Marked Price (MP) = 20 units and Selling Price (SP) = 17 units.

Given SP = 17 units = Rs. 765

1 unit = 765 ÷ 17 = Rs. 45

MP = 20 units = 45 × 20 = 900

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 900.

Alternate Method

Given:

Selling Price (SP) of trousers = Rs. 765

Discount offered = 15%

Formula Used:

MP = SP × [100 ÷ (100 − Discount%)]

Marked Price 100%

Selling Price 85% = Rs. 765

− 15% Discount

Calculations:

⇒ Let the Marked Price (MP) be 100%.

⇒ Selling Price (SP) = 100% − 15% = 85%

⇒ According to the question, 85% of MP = Rs. 765

⇒ MP = 765 × (100 ÷ 85)

⇒ MP = 765 × (20 ÷ 17)

⇒ MP = 45 × 20 = 900

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 900.

Additional Information

Marked Price vs Cost Price

Discount is always calculated on the Marked Price (MP) while Profit or Loss is always calculated on the Cost Price (CP) unless stated otherwise.

Relationship between MP and CP

If a profit of P% is made after allowing a discount of D%, then the ratio of MP to CP is determined by MP ÷ CP = (100 + P) ÷ (100 − D).

Successive Discounts

If two successive discounts of a% and b% are offered, the equivalent single discount given is (a + b − a×b ÷ 100)%.

Given:

Annual depreciation of car value = 20%, 15% and 10%

Cost = 7,00,000

Concept used:

If P is the initial price of the commodity, then after ‘n’ years the value of the commodity will become P × [1 – (n/100)]

Calculation:

Percentage fall in price after 3 years = 700000 × (100 - 20)/100 × (100 - 15)/100 × (100 - 10)/100 

⇒ 700000 × 8/10 × 85/100 × 9/10

⇒ 70 × 8 × 85 × 9

⇒ 428400

The answer is 428400

Shortcut Trick

The winning candidate got 55% of valid votes, which is 42,680.

The third candidate got 10% of valid votes.

Using the unitary method: 55% → 42,680

1% → 42,680 ÷ 55 = 776

10% → 776 × 10 = 7,760

∴ The correct answer is 7760.

Alternate Method

Given:

Votes of the Winner = 42,680

Winner's share = 55% of Total Valid Votes

Third candidate's share = 10% of Total Valid Votes

Calculations:

Let the Total Valid Votes be V.

⇒ 55% of V = 42,680

⇒ (55 ÷ 100) × V = 42,680

⇒ V = (42,680 × 100) ÷ 55

⇒ V = 776 × 100

⇒ V = 77,600

The third candidate received 10% of these valid votes:

⇒ Votes = 10% of 77,600

⇒ Votes = (10 ÷ 100) × 77,600

⇒ Votes = 7,760

∴ The correct answer is 7760.

Additional Information

Valid Votes vs Invalid Votes

Valid votes are those which are correctly marked and counted. Total Cast Votes = Valid Votes + Invalid Votes.

Winning Margin

The margin of victory is the difference in votes between the first-place candidate and the second-place candidate.

Voter Turnout

Voter turnout is the percentage of eligible voters who cast a ballot. Cast Votes = Total Voters × Turnout Percentage.

Given

$\rm \sqrt\frac{a}{b}\ =\frac{8}{3}\ +\ \sqrt{\frac{b}{a}}$

Calculation

√(a/b) - √(b/a) = 8/3

Squaring both sides:

(a/b) + (b/a) - 2 = 64/9

(a² + b²)/ab = 82/9   ..(1)

As given,

(a + b) = 30

Squaring both sides:

a2 + b2 + 2ab = 900

a2 + b2  = 900 - 2ab  ...(2)

Putitng 2 in 1.

(900 - 2ab)/ab = 82/9

8100 - 18ab = 82ab

100ab = 8100

ab = 81

The answer is 81.

Shortcut Trick

Distance covered by the first train in 2 hours = 75 × 2 = 150 km.

Remaining distance at 8 p.m. = 690 − 150 = 540 km.

Relative speed (opposite direction) = 75 + 105 = 180 km/h.

Time to meet = 540 ÷ 180 = 3 hours.

Meeting time = 8:00 p.m. + 3 hours = 11:00 p.m.

∴ The correct answer is 11 p.m.

Alternate Method

Given:

Total distance between stations P and Q = 690 km

Speed of the train starting from P at 6 p.m. = 75 km/h

Speed of the train starting from Q at 8 p.m. = 105 km/h

Total Distance = 690 km

P 6 p.m. 75 km/h →

P' (8 p.m.)

Meeting Point

Q 8 p.m. ← 105 km/h

150 km

540 km (Remaining)

Calculations:

⇒ The first train travels alone for 2 hours (from 6 p.m. to 8 p.m.).

⇒ Distance covered by the first train = 75 × 2 = 150 km.

⇒ Remaining distance between the two trains at 8 p.m. = 690 − 150 = 540 km.

⇒ From 8 p.m. onwards, both trains move towards each other.

⇒ Relative speed = Speed of train P + Speed of train Q = 75 + 105 = 180 km/h.

⇒ Time taken to cover the remaining distance = Distance ÷ Relative speed

⇒ Time taken = 540 ÷ 180 = 3 hours.

⇒ The two trains will meet 3 hours after 8 p.m.

⇒ Meeting time = 8:00 p.m. + 3 hours = 11:00 p.m.

∴ The correct answer is 11 p.m.

Additional Information

Relative Speed in Opposite Directions

When two objects travel towards each other, their relative speed is the sum of their individual speeds (S₁ + S₂).

Relative Speed in Same Direction

When two objects travel in the same direction, their relative speed is the difference between their speeds (|S₁ − S₂|).

Meeting Time Formula

Meeting Time = Total Initial Distance between them ÷ Relative Speed.

Calculation

The academy enrolment in 2018 = 46 + 34 + 42 + 37 + 45 + 35 = 239

The academy enrolment in 2019 = 40 + 41 + 44 + 34 + 42 + 32 = 233

The academy enrolment in 2020 = 43 + 40 + 40 + 32 + 38 + 36 = 229

The academy enrolment in 2021 = 37 + 44 + 43 + 25 + 34 + 28 = 211

The academy enrolment in 2022 = 34 + 41 + 41 + 32 + 41 + 39 = 228

The highest enrolment is in 2018.

Shortcut Trick

Sum of adjacent sides = Perimeter ÷ 2 = 48 ÷ 2 = 24 cm.

Base of the parallelogram = 24 − 8 = 16 cm.

Area = Base × Height = 16 × 6 = 96 cm².

∴ The correct answer is 96 cm².

Alternate Method

Given:

⇒ Perimeter of parallelogram = 48 cm

⇒ Length of one adjacent side (b) = 8 cm

⇒ Height (h) of the parallelogram = 6 cm

Formula used:

⇒ Perimeter = 2 × (Side₁ + Side₂)

⇒ Area = Base × Height

Calculations:

⇒ 48 = 2 × (Base + 8)

⇒ 24 = Base + 8

⇒ Base = 24 − 8 = 16 cm

⇒ Area = 16 × 6

⇒ Area = 96 cm²

∴ The correct answer is 96 cm².

Additional Information

Area of Parallelogram

The area can be calculated as Area = a × b × sin(θ), where a and b are adjacent sides and θ is the angle between them.

Height and Side Relationship

In a parallelogram, the product of a side and its corresponding altitude is constant: Area = Base₁ × Height₁ = Base₂ × Height₂.

Properties of Parallelogram

Opposite sides are equal and parallel, and diagonals bisect each other.

Given

Concept used

Work = Time × Efficiency

Calculation

Total work = LCM of 8, 20 and 24 = 120 units

Total efficiency = 120/8 = 15 unit/day

Ali's efficiency = 120/20 = 6 unit/day

Avtar's efficiency = 120/24 = 5 unit/day

Ashok's efficiency  = 15 - (6 + 5) = 4 unit/day

Time taken by Ashok = 120/4 = 30 days

The answer is 30 days

Given

 $\rm \frac{\cosθ}{(1+\sinθ)}+\frac{\cosθ}{(1-\sinθ)}$= 4

Calculation

[cosθ(1 - sinθ) + cosθ(1 + sinθ)]/[(1 - sinθ).(1 + sinθ)] = 4

⇒ [cosθ - cosθsinθ + cosθ + cosθ sinθ]/(1 - sin²θ) = 4

⇒ 2cosθ/cos2θ = 4

⇒ cosθ= 1/2 = cos 60°

The answer is 60°

Calculation

 $\left(1+\frac{5}{6}+\frac{7}{8}+\frac{11}{12}\right)$ ÷ $\left(\frac{3}{4}-\frac{5}{8}\right)$.

⇒ (24 + 20 + 21 + 22)/24 ÷ (6-5)/8

⇒ (87)/24 ÷ 1/8

⇒ (87 )/24 × 8

⇒ 87/3 = 29

The answer is 29.

Shortcut Trick

In Buy X Get Y Free offers, the discount is calculated on the total number of items.

Effective Discount % = (Free Items ÷ Total Items) × 100

Discount % = (1 ÷ (2 + 1)) × 100

Discount % = (1 ÷ 3) × 100 = 33.33%

∴ The correct answer is 33.33%.

Alternate Method

Given: Offer = Buy 2 Get 1 Free, MRP of 1 bottle of Catch Cola = ₹20.

Calculation of Discount Percentage:

⇒ Total items received = 2 + 1 = 3

⇒ Total Marked Price (MRP) = 3 × ₹20 = ₹60

⇒ Total Selling Price (SP) = 2 × ₹20 = ₹40

⇒ Total Discount = MRP − SP = 60 − 40 = ₹20

⇒ Discount % = (Discount ÷ MRP) × 100

⇒ Discount % = (20 ÷ 60) × 100 = 1/3 × 100 = 33.33%

∴ The correct answer is 33.33%.

Additional Information

Discount Percentage Formula

The discount percentage is calculated using: (Discount ÷ Marked Price) × 100.

Marked Price vs Selling Price

Marked Price is the list price, while Selling Price is the final price after subtracting the discount from the Marked Price.

Successive Discounts

If two successive discounts x% and y% are given, the equivalent single discount = (x + y − (xy ÷ 100))%.

Calculation

Total male = 3/4 × 600 = 450

The answer is 450

Shortcut Trick

Direct identity: (sin α + cos α)² = 1 + 2 / (tan α + cot α)

Substitute the given value: (2/√3)² = 1 + 2 / (tan α + cot α)

⇒ 4/3 = 1 + 2 / (tan α + cot α)

⇒ 1/3 = 2 / (tan α + cot α)

⇒ tan α + cot α = 6

∴ The correct answer is 6.

Alternate Method

Given:

sin α + cos α = 2/√3

Formula Used:

(a + b)² = a² + b² + 2 × a × b

sin² α + cos² α = 1

tan α = sin α / cos α and cot α = cos α / sin α

Calculations:

Squaring both sides of the given equation:

⇒ (sin α + cos α)² = (2/√3)²

⇒ sin² α + cos² α + 2 × sin α × cos α = 4/3

Substitute sin² α + cos² α = 1:

⇒ 1 + 2 × sin α × cos α = 4/3

⇒ 2 × sin α × cos α = 4/3 − 1

⇒ 2 × sin α × cos α = 1/3

⇒ sin α × cos α = 1/6

Now evaluate (tan α + cot α):

⇒ tan α + cot α = (sin α / cos α) + (cos α / sin α)

⇒ tan α + cot α = (sin² α + cos² α) / (sin α × cos α)

⇒ tan α + cot α = 1 / (sin α × cos α)

Substitute the value of sin α × cos α:

⇒ tan α + cot α = 1 / (1/6)

⇒ tan α + cot α = 6

∴ The correct answer is 6.

Additional Information

Basic Trigonometric Identities

sin² α + cos² α = 1, sec² α − tan² α = 1, and cosec² α − cot² α = 1.

Reciprocal Relations

tan α = 1 / cot α, sin α = 1 / cosec α, and cos α = 1 / sec α.

Key Shortcut Formula

The expression tan α + cot α frequently simplifies to 1 / (sin α × cos α), which is a direct and standard substitution for trigonometric simplifications.

Shortcut Trick

A tangent forms a 90° angle with the circle's radius at the point of contact.

The distance from the centre acts as the hypotenuse of the right-angled triangle formed.

Distance from centre = √(Radius² + Tangent²)

Distance = √(5² + 12²) = √(25 + 144) = 13 cm.

(Note: 5, 12, 13 is a direct standard Pythagorean triplet, saving calculation time)

∴ The correct answer is 13 cm.

Alternate Method

Given:

Radius of the circle (r) = 5 cm

Length of the tangent from external point X (t) = 12 cm

Formula Used:

Pythagoras Theorem: Hypotenuse² = Perpendicular² + Base²

O

5 cm

12 cm

? cm

P

X

Calculations:

⇒ Let the centre of the circle be O and the point of tangency be P.

⇒ The radius of a circle is always perpendicular to the tangent at the point of contact.

⇒ ∴ ∠OPX = 90°.

⇒ In the right-angled ΔOPX, the distance from the centre (OX) is the hypotenuse.

⇒ OX² = OP² + PX²

⇒ OX² = 5² + 12²

⇒ OX² = 25 + 144 = 169

⇒ OX = √169

⇒ OX = 13 cm

∴ The correct answer is 13 cm.

Additional Information

Radius-Tangent Theorem

A tangent at any point of a circle is strictly perpendicular to the radius drawn through that point of contact.

Number of Tangents

From any point strictly outside a circle, exactly two tangents can be drawn, and their respective lengths are always equal.

Pythagorean Triplets

Sets of integers satisfying a² + b² = c². Commonly tested triplets include (3, 4, 5), (5, 12, 13), (8, 15, 17), and (7, 24, 25). Spotting them immediately saves calculation time.

Given

∠ABO = 40° and ∠ACO = 30°

Concept used

The angle subtended by the arc on the centre of the circle is twice that of the angle subtended by the same arc on some point on the circumference.

Calculation

∠ABO = 40° and ∠ACO = 30°

∠ABO = ∠OAB = 40°  (opposite angles of the equal sides are equal)

∠ACO = ∠OAC = 30°  (opposite angles of the equal sides are equal)

∠BAC = 40 + 30 = 70°

∠BOC = 2 × 70 = 140°

The answer is 140°.

Given, 

Selling price of an article = 1300 and makes a loss = 35%

Calculation

Selling price of an article = 1300, loss = 35%

Loss = (cost price - 1300)/cost price × 100

⇒ 35/100 = 1 - 1300/cost price × 100

⇒ 35/100 = 1 - 1300/cost price

⇒ 1300/cost price = 1 - 7/20

⇒ 1300/cost price = 13/20

⇒ cost price = 1300 × 20 /13 

⇒ cost price = 2000

profit gain = 30%

SP = 2000 ×130/100

= 2600

∴ The selling price = Rs.2600 

Shortcut TrickAccordiing to the question,

Selling Price = Amount × (100 + Profit)/(100 - Loss)

Selling price = 1300 × (100 + 30)/(100 - 35)

⇒ 2600

∴ The selling price is Rs. 2600

Given:

The simple interest on a certain sum for 3 years at 8% per annum is Rs. 9120 less than the simple interest on the same sum for 7 years at 8% per annum

Concept used:

Simple Interest, SI = (P × R × T)/100

Amount = P + SI

where

P = Principal amount

R = Rate of interest per year

T = Time in years

Calculation:

Let the principal amount be P.

​According to the question,

(P × 7 × 8)/100 - (P × 3 × 8)/100 = 9120

⇒ (P × 4 × 8)/100 = 9120

⇒ P = 28500

∴ The sum is ₹28500.

Shortcut Trick

Given (2x + 3y) = 9 and xy = 3.

Use the direct cubic identity: A³ + B³ = (A + B)³ − 3AB(A + B).

Here, A = 2x and B = 3y, so AB = (2x)(3y) = 6xy = 6 × 3 = 18.

Substitute values: 9³ − 3 × 18 × 9 ⇒ 729 − 486 = 243.

∴ The correct answer is 243.

Alternate Method

Given: 2x + 3y = 9 and xy = 3

Formula Used: (a + b)³ = a³ + b³ + 3ab(a + b)

Cubing the equation 2x + 3y = 9 on both sides:

⇒ (2x + 3y)³ = 9³

⇒ (2x)³ + (3y)³ + 3 × (2x) × (3y) × (2x + 3y) = 729

⇒ 8x³ + 27y³ + 18xy × (2x + 3y) = 729

Substitute xy = 3 and (2x + 3y) = 9 into the equation:

⇒ 8x³ + 27y³ + 18 × 3 × 9 = 729

⇒ 8x³ + 27y³ + 486 = 729

⇒ 8x³ + 27y³ = 729 − 486

⇒ 8x³ + 27y³ = 243

∴ The correct answer is 243.

Additional Information

Sum of Cubes Identity

The expression a³ + b³ can also be factored as (a + b)(a² − ab + b²).

Cubic Binomial Expansion

(a + b)³ = a³ + 3a²b + 3ab² + b³, which is commonly rewritten as a³ + b³ + 3ab(a + b) for solving algebraic problems.

Difference of Cubes

Similar to the sum, the difference is given by a³ − b³ = (a − b)(a² + ab + b²) or (a − b)³ + 3ab(a − b).

Given

cos 0° + cos 30° - tan 45° + cosec 60° + cot 90°

Calculation

cos 0° + cos 30° - tan 45° + cosec 60° + cot 90°

= 1 + √3/2 - 1 + 2/√3 + 0

⇒ (3 + 4)/2√3

⇒ 7/2√3

The answer is 7/2√3

Given:

Length of each equal sides of isosceles triangle = 5 cm

Length of base of isosceles triangle = 8 cm

Formula:

Area of isosceles triangle = [b/4] × √(4a² – b²)

b = base of isosceles triangle

a = each equal side

Calculation:

Area of isosceles triangle = [8/4] × √(4 × 5² – 8²)

⇒ 2 × √(100 – 64)

⇒ 2 × √36

⇒ 2 × 6

⇒ 12 cm²

∴ Area of isosceles triangle is 12 sq. cm.

Shortcut Trick

Ratio of Technicians to Non-technicians by Alligation:

(6,000 − 4,000) : (12,000 − 6,000) = 2,000 : 6,000 = 1 : 3

Given: 1 unit (Technicians) = 100

Total workers = 1 + 3 = 4 units = 4 × 100 = 400

∴ The correct answer is 400.

Alternate Method

Given:

⇒ Average salary of all workers = ₹ 6,000

⇒ Number of technicians = 100

⇒ Average salary of technicians = ₹ 12,000

⇒ Average salary of non-technicians = ₹ 4,000

Formula Used:

Total Salary = Average Salary × Number of Workers

Calculations:

⇒ Let the total number of workers be x.

⇒ Total salary = 6,000 × x

⇒ Total salary = (100 × 12,000) + (x − 100) × 4,000

⇒ 6,000x = 12,00,000 + 4,000x − 4,00,000

⇒ 6,000x − 4,000x = 8,00,000

⇒ 2,000x = 8,00,000

⇒ x = 8,00,000 ÷ 2,000 = 400

∴ The correct answer is 400.

Additional Information

Weighted Average Formula

The average of a group is given by (n₁A₁ + n₂A₂) ÷ (n₁ + n₂), where A represents the average and n represents the quantity.

Alligation Rule

Quantity of cheaper ÷ Quantity of dearer = (Rate of dearer − Mean rate) ÷ (Mean rate − Rate of cheaper).

Mean Value Property

The mean value of a mixture always lies between the lowest and the highest individual values of its components.

Calculation

The minimum production of medicine by any company = 1.125 mn

This production is done by Company A in Medicine P.

The answer is Medicine P, Company A.

Given

∠QSR = 60° and ∠QPR = 100°

Calculation

In ΔSQR, ∠QSR = 60° and SQ = SR

⇒ ∠SQR = ∠SRQ

∠SQR = ∠SRQ = (180 - 60)/2 = 60°

In ΔPQR, ∠QPR = 100° and PQ = PR

⇒ ∠PQR = ∠PRQ

∠PQR = ∠PRQ = (180 - 100)/2 = 40°

From the given diagram,

∠SRP = ∠SRQ - ∠PRQ

⇒ ∠SRP = 60° - 40°

⇒ ∠SRP = 20°

Shortcut Trick

Ratio of A : B : C = 3 : 2 : 5.

Difference between C and B in units = 5 − 2 = 3 units.

Given 3 units = Rs. 300 → 1 unit = Rs. 100.

Difference between A and B in units = 3 − 2 = 1 unit.

Therefore, 1 unit = Rs. 100.

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 100.

Alternate Method

Given:

Ratio of shares of A, B, and C = 3 : 2 : 5

Difference between C's share and B's share = Rs. 300

Formula Used:

Value of one ratio unit = (Actual Difference) ÷ (Difference in ratio parts)

Calculations:

⇒ Let the shares of A, B, and C be 3x, 2x, and 5x respectively.

⇒ Difference between C and B = 5x − 2x = 3x

⇒ According to the question: 3x = 300

⇒ x = 300 ÷ 3 = 100

⇒ Difference between A and B = 3x − 2x = x

⇒ Required difference = 100

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 100.

Additional Information

Ratio and Proportion

A ratio is a comparison of two quantities by division. Proportion is an expression that states two ratios are equal.

Mean Proportional

The mean proportional between two numbers a and b is given by √(a × b).

Third Proportional

If a : b = b : c, then c is called the third proportional to a and b, calculated as c = b² ÷ a.

Duplicate Ratio

The duplicate ratio of a : b is a² : b², and the sub-duplicate ratio is √a : √b.

Formula used

(a + b)² = a² + b² + 2ab

Calculation

0.01 + 0.68 × 0.68 + 0.22 × 0.22 + 0.044 + 0.136 + 0.44 × 0.68

let, a = 0.68 and b = 0.22

0.01 + 0.682 + 0.222 + 2 × 0.22 × 0.68 + 0.044 + 0.136

⇒ 0.01 + (0.90)² + 0.044 + 0.136

⇒ 0.01 + 0.81 + 0.044 + 0.136

⇒ 0.864 + 0.136

The answer is 1.

The correct answer is: Inexpensive

Key Points

• Sumptuous means luxurious or splendid. (वैभवशाली)
• Example: The banquet hall was decorated with sumptuous fabrics and golden accents.
• Marked option Inexpensive means low in cost or affordable. (सस्ता)
• Example: The store offers a wide range of inexpensive clothing options.
• Hence, it is clear that 'Inexpensive' is the most appropriate antonym for 'Sumptuous'.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 3.

Additional Information

• Unremitting means continuous or constant, often used to describe something that doesn't stop or relent. (निरंतर)
• Lucrative means producing a significant amount of profit or money. (लाभप्रद)
• Delectable means highly enjoyable, especially in terms of taste or pleasure. (मनोरम)

The correct answer is: expected

Key Points

• Expected means anticipated or predicted to happen. (अपेक्षित)
• Example: The team's victory in the championship was expected, given their outstanding performance throughout the season.
• In the given sentence, the word "expected" is the appropriate choice because it fits the context of anticipation or prediction.
• The sentence conveys the idea that the chief guest is anticipated or predicted to arrive.
• Additionally, "expected" is the correctly spelt word in this context.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 3.

Complete sentence: The chief guest is expected to arrive at the venue within half an hour.

The correct answer is: was brought down in the

Key Points

• The original sentence uses the phrase "was brought in the," which doesn't convey a clear and commonly used expression related to sports events.
• The substitution "was brought down in the" provides a more accurate and common expression when describing a player's action in a soccer or football context.
• When a player is fouled or tackled by an opponent in the penalty area, it is often referred to as being "brought down."
• This usage is consistent with the terminology used in sports commentary and reporting.
• Substituted sentence: Peter was brought down in the penalty area.
• In this sentence, if Peter was brought down in the penalty area, it implies that an opposing player tackled or fouled him within the penalty area, and as a result, Peter fell to the ground.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 4.

The correct answer is: Of

Key Points

• The error in the given sentence is the incorrect use of the preposition "on."
• The correct preposition to use in this context is "of."
• The word "capable" is followed by the preposition "of" when expressing the ability or capacity to do something.
• The correct construction is "capable of (verb-ing)" to convey someone's ability or capability in performing a particular action.
• The correct sentence should be: Radhika is not capable of participating in a national level competition.

Thus, option 2 is the correct answer.

Additional Information

• "About" is often used to indicate a general subject, topic, or the content of a discussion or conversation.
• "On" is used to indicate various relationships, such as time, location, or topics.
• "At" is often used to indicate a specific point in time, a location, or a particular moment.

The correct answer is: The meeting was cancelled due to bad weather.

Key Points

• In an active voice sentence, the subject performs the action.
• Active Voice Structure: Subject + Verb + Object
• Example: The chef prepared a delicious meal.
• In a passive voice sentence, the subject receives the action.
• Passive Voice Structure: Object + Be verb + V3 + Subject
• Example: A delicious meal was prepared by the chef.
• So, here in the passive voice, the subject "They" from the active voice can be included using "by them" in the passive voice.
• The passive construction shifts the focus from the doer (They) to the action (cancelling the meeting).

Therefore, the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is: The mason will finish the work within a short time.

Key Points

• In a passive voice sentence, the subject receives the action.
• Passive Voice Structure: Object + Be verb + V3 + Subject
• Example: The book will be read by the students next week.
• In an active voice sentence, the subject performs the action.
• Active Voice Structure: Subject + Verb + Object
• Example: The students will read the book next week.
• So, here the active voice starts with the doer of the action (The mason), followed by the main verb in its active form (will finish), ends with the object (the work) and then maintains the time modifier.
• In the active voice transformation, the focus shifts from the work being the main subject to the mason as the doer of the action, providing a more direct and clear expression of the sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 4.

The correct answer is: Poor memory

Key Points

• The idiom "Memory like sieve" means having a poor or unreliable memory, often forgetting things easily. (ख़राब या अविश्वसनीय याददाश्त होना)
• Example: After the accident, he developed a memory like a sieve and struggled to recall important details of the incident.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is: He looks

Key Points

• The original sentence is in the future continuous tense ("will be looking"). This tense suggests an ongoing action in the future.
• However, the key here is the use of "as if," which introduces a hypothetical or unreal condition.
• When expressing hypothetical or unreal conditions, English often uses the simple present tense to convey a general truth or a habitual action.
• In this context, the use of "He looks" suggests an ongoing state that is habitual or characteristic of the person, creating a more natural and idiomatic expression.
• Therefore, "He looks" is the most appropriate option, as it aligns with the sense of an ongoing condition suggested by the original sentence, considering the hypothetical nature introduced by "as if."

Thus, option 1 is the correct answer.

Corrected sentence: He looks as if he has not slept.

The correct answer is: terminology

Key Points

• The correct spelling of the underlined word is "terminology."
• The corrected sentence should be: "Medical terminology is difficult to understand."
• "Terminology" refers to the specialized language or vocabulary used in a particular field in this case, the medical field. (शब्दावली)
• It includes terms and expressions that are specific to medical science.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 3.

The correct answer is: Professional

Key Points

• Amateur means someone who engages in an activity for the love or enjoyment of it, lacking professional expertise or formal training. (शौकिया)
• Example: An amateur photographer takes pictures as a hobby without formal training.
• Marked option Professional means someone who is engaged in a particular activity as a paid occupation, typically having formal training, qualifications, or expertise. (पेशेवर)
• Example: A professional chef works in a restaurant and has received formal training in culinary arts.
• Hence, the most appropriate antonym for 'amateur' is 'professional'.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 4.

Additional Information

• Hobbyist: Someone who pursues a particular hobby or interest for enjoyment and recreation rather than as a profession. (शौकिया)
• Devotee: A person who is deeply committed and enthusiastic about a particular activity, interest, or cause. (प्रेमी)
• Layman: An individual who lacks specialized knowledge or professional training in a particular field and approaches it from a non-expert perspective. (साधारण व्यक्ति)

The correct answer is: Bibliophile

Key Points

• A bibliophile is someone who has a great love for books, often collecting them as a hobby. (पुस्तक अनुरागी)
• Example: John's extensive library and passion for rare editions make him a true bibliophile.
• The term "bibliophile" is derived from two Greek words, "biblion" (meaning book) and "philos" (meaning loving or fond of).
• So, the one-word substitute for the given group of words "A person who loves and collects books" is "Bibliophile."

Therefore, the correct answer is option 1.

Additional Information

• Philanthropist: Someone who engages in acts of kindness and generosity, especially through charitable donations or activities. (लोकोपकारक)
• Geologist: A scientist who studies the Earth's structure, composition, and processes, including rocks, minerals, and natural formations. (भूवैज्ञानिक)
• Sommelier: A waiter in a restaurant who is in charge of wines and their service. (परिचारक)

The correct answer is: gave the benefit of doubt 

Key Points

• The idiom "gave the benefit of doubt" means to accept someone's statement or explanation as true, even though there may be some doubt or uncertainty about its accuracy. (किसी के कथन या स्पष्टीकरण को सत्य मानना, भले ही उसकी सटीकता के बारे में कुछ संदेह या अनिश्चितता हो)
• It involves trusting or believing in someone's innocence or good intentions when there is ambiguity or lack of clear evidence.
• Example: Joy was late to the meeting, but her colleague gave her the benefit of the doubt, assuming that she might have faced unexpected traffic or other issues.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 1.

Additional Information

• Changed his tune: To alter one's opinion, attitude, or behaviour, often in response to a new situation or information. (किसी नई स्थिति या जानकारी के जवाब में अक्सर किसी की राय, दृष्टिकोण या व्यवहार को बदलना)
• Thought err is human and to forgive is divine: Recognizing that people make mistakes (to err is human) and choosing to forgive them is an act of great compassion and understanding (to forgive is divine). (यह पहचानना कि लोग गलतियाँ करते हैं और उन्हें क्षमा करना बड़ी करुणा और समझ का कार्य है)
• Did not judge the book by its cover: Refrained from forming an opinion about someone or something based solely on its outward appearance, recognizing the importance of looking beyond surface impressions. (किसी व्यक्ति या वस्तु के बारे में केवल उसके बाहरी दिखावे के आधार पर कोई राय बनाने से बचना चाहिए)

The correct answer is: Permanent

Key Points

• Perpetual means continuing indefinitely, never-ending, or occurring repeatedly over time. (लगातार)
• Example: The perpetual motion of the planets in the solar system has fascinated astronomers for centuries.
• Marked option Permanent means lasting or intended to last indefinitely, not temporary. (स्थायी)
• Example: The ink used in this document is permanent; it will not fade over time.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 1.

Additional Information

• Extreme: Reaching a high degree, far beyond the ordinary or average. (चरम)
• Brief: Lasting for a short duration, concise in time or length. (संक्षिप्त)
• Huge: Extremely large in size or amount. (विशाल)