SSC CHSL 2020 Official Paper 6 (Held On: 13 April 2021 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is 'Cowardly'.

Key Points

• The word 'Intrepid' means 'without any fear of danger संकट के भय से रहित; निर्भीक'.
• The antonyms of the word 'Intrepid' are 'chicken, chickenhearted, chicken-livered, coward, cowardly, craven, dastardly, fainthearted, fearful, gutless, lily-livered, milk-livered [archaic], nerveless, poltroon, poor-spirited, pusillanimous, spineless, spiritless, timorous, uncourageous, ungallant, unheroic, weakhearted, yellow'.
• From the antonyms of the given word, we can say that the word 'Cowardly' is the opposite in meaning.
• The word 'Cowardly' means 'lacking courage कायरता से'.

Hence, the correct answer is option 2. Let's see the meaning of other given options:-

Additional Information 

• The synonyms of the word 'Intrepid' are 'bold, brave, courageous, dauntless, doughty, fearless, gallant, greathearted, gutsy, gutty, heroic (also heroical), lionhearted, manful, stalwart, stout, stouthearted, undauntable, undaunted, valiant, valorous'.
• Example of 'Intrepid' in a sentence:
• Some intrepid individuals were still prepared to make the journey.

The correct answer is 'In trouble'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate meaning of the given idiom 'In hot water' is 'In trouble'.
• In hot water: in trouble or disgrace (मुसीबत या अपमान में)
• Example: He landed in hot water for an alleged V-sign to the fans.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 1.

​

Correct Answer: In trouble.

Additional Information

• Let's look at some more idioms of the word 'keep':

The correct answer is 'His father told him that he could not allow him to waste his hard-earned money.'

Key Points

• The given sentence is in Direct Speech. As per the given question we have to change it into Indirect Speech.
• The process of transformation is as follows:
• Here, in the given question 'said to' will be changed into 'told' because the reporting speech has an object.
• The conjunction 'that' will be added and comma and inverted commas will be removed.
• The pronoun 'I' will be changed into 'he' and 'My' will be changed into 'his' because the first person pronouns are changed according to the subject of the reporting verb.
• 'cannot allow' will be changed into 'could not allow'.
• The pronoun 'you' will be changed according to the object of the reporting verb that is 'him'.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 1. 

​

Correct Sentence: His father told him that he could not allow him to waste his hard-earned money.

Hinglish

• दिया गया वाक्य Direct Speech में है। दिए गए प्रश्न के अनुसार हमें इसे Indirect Speech में बदलना है।
• परिवर्तन की प्रक्रिया इस प्रकार है:
• यहां, दिए गए प्रश्न में 'said to' को 'told' में बदल दिया जाएगा क्योंकि reporting speech में एक object है।
• संयोजन 'that' जोड़ा जाएगा और अल्पविराम और उल्टे अल्पविराम हटा दिए जाएंगे।
• सर्वनाम 'I' को 'he' में बदल दिया जाएगा और 'my' को 'his' में बदल दिया जाएगा क्योंकि reporting verb के subject के अनुसार first person pronouns बदल दिए जाते हैं।
• 'cannot allow' को 'could not allow' में बदल दिया जाएगा।
• सर्वनाम 'you' को reporting verb की object के अनुसार बदल दिया जाएगा जो कि 'him' है।
• इसलिए, ऊपर वर्णित बिंदुओं के अनुसार, हम पाते हैं कि सही उत्तर विकल्प 1 है।

Additional Information

• The following table will enable us to know how tense changes into Indirect speech:

The correct answer is 'oppose'.

Key Points

• The word 'Corroborate' means 'to support a statement, idea, etc. by providing new evidence नए प्रमाण द्वारा किसी विचार, कथन आदि की संपुष्टि या समर्थन करना'.
• The antonyms of the word 'Corroborate' are 'disprove, rebut, refute, oppose, etc'.
• From the antonyms of the given word, we can say that the word 'Oppose' is the opposite in meaning.
• The word 'Oppose' means 'to disagree with somebody’s beliefs, actions or plans and to try to change or stop them किसी का विरोध करना (उसके विचारों, कार्यों या योजनाओं से सहमत न होना और उन्‍हें बदलने या अवरुद्घ करने का प्रयास करना)'.

Hence, the correct answer is option 2. Let's see the meaning of other given options:-

Additional Information 

• The synonyms of the word 'Corroborate' are 'argue, attest, authenticate, bear out, certify, confirm, substantiate, support, validate, verify, vindicate'.
• Example of 'Corroborate' in a sentence:
• The data corroborated Mr. Prasad’s claim about the company doing well.

The correct answer is 'ADCB'.

Key Points

• The given question is an example of a Sentence Jumble.
• We know that the first statement of a sentence jumbled question is usually an independent general statement, a noun, a universal fact, starting of a story, starting of an incident or an event, or it starts with 'most' or 'once'.
• Sentence A in the given question is the starting of a story. The author is talking about a tourist site named 'Mwasmai Cave' which is located in 'Meghalaya'.
• Sentence D will be the next sentence because Mawsami Cave is one of the most alluring tourist destinations. It is a limestone cave and it is naturally formed.
• Sentence C will be the next sentence because it further explains the cave. And how far the tourists visit the cave.
• Lastly, Sentence B will be used.
• Thus, the sequence becomes:
• A: Mawsmai Cave is one of the most alluring tourist destinations near Cherrapunji in the northeast Indian state of Meghalaya.
• D: The limestone cave has spellbinding beauty and is the only cave which is naturally illuminated to let the tourists cherish natural formations
• C: The cave is quite big. However, the tourists can visit it up to a distance of 150 metres only.
• B: Other sections of the cave are off the limits for tourists.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 2.

Correct Sequence: Mawsmai Cave is one of the most alluring tourist destinations near Cherrapunji in the northeast Indian state of Meghalaya. The limestone cave has spellbinding beauty and is the only cave which is naturally illuminated to let the tourists cherish natural formations. The cave is quite big. However, the tourists can visit it up to a distance of 150 metres only. Other sections of the cave are off the limits for tourists.

The correct answer is 'Verbatim'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate meaning of the given group of words is 'Verbatim'.
• Verbatim: exactly as it was spoken or written जैसा बोला या लिखा गया ठीक वैसा; शब्‍दशः
• Example: He reported the speech verbatim.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 1.

​

Correct Answer: Verbatim.

Additional Information 

• Let's look at the meaning of other words given in the Options:

The correct answer is 'will pick me up'.

Key Points 

• The given sentence is grammatically incorrect. Hence, it should be improved.

• Here, 'will pick me up' should be used instead of 'pick me up'.​

• The given sentence is an example of the first conditional.

• In type 1 conditional sentences, the tense in the "if" clause is the simple present tense, and the tense in the main clause is the simple future or the simple future.

• | If clause(condition) | Main clause(result) | | --- | --- | | If + simple present | simple future | | If my father doesn't pick me up | I'll take the bus home. |

• Example: 

• If he works hard, he will surely get the job.

• If he works hard, he would surely get the job.

• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 1. 

​

Correct Sentence: My niece will pick me up from the station if she gets short leave from her office.

Hinglish

• दिया गया वाक्य व्याकरण की दृष्टि से गलत है। इसलिए इसमें सुधार किया जाना चाहिए।

• यहां, 'pick my up' के बजाय 'will pick me up' का इस्तेमाल किया जाना चाहिए

• दिया गया वाक्य the first conditional का उदाहरण है।

• टाइप 1 सशर्त वाक्यों में, "if" खंड में simple present tense है, और मुख्य खंड में काल the simple future or the simple future है।

• | If clause(condition) | Main clause(result) | | --- | --- | | If + simple present | simple future | | If my father doesn't pick me up | I'll take the bus home. |

• Example: 

• If he works hard, he will surely get the job.

• If he works hard, he would surely get the job.

• इसलिए, ऊपर वर्णित बिंदुओं के अनुसार, हम पाते हैं कि सही उत्तर विकल्प 1 है।​

The correct answer is 'gullible'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate meaning of the given group of words is 'gullible'.

• Gullible: (used about a person) believing and trusting people too easily, and therefore easily tricked (व्‍यक्ति) दूसरों पर शीघ्र विश्‍वास करने और अतएव धोखा खाने वाला; भोला-भाला

• Example: The gullible woman gave all her money to a fake charity.

• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 2.

​

Correct Answer: gullible.

Additional Information 

• Let's look at the meaning of other words given in the Options:

The correct answer is 'Veer'.

Key Points

• The word 'Deviate' means 'to change or become different from what is normal or expected सामान्‍य या प्रत्याशित व्‍यवहार को बदलना या उससे हट कर आचरण करना, लीक से हटना या हटाना, उपयुक्त व्‍यवहार से हटना'.
• The synonyms of the word 'Deviate' are "detour, diverge, sheer, swerve, swing, turn, turn off, veer, wheel".
• From the synonym of the given word, we can say that the word 'Veer' is the most similar in meaning.
• The word 'Veer' means '(used about vehicles) to change direction suddenly (वाहन का) अचानक मुड़ जाना'.

Hence, the correct answer is option 1. Let's see the meaning of other given options:-

Additional Information

• The antonyms of the word 'Deviate' are "natural, normal, regular, standard, typical".
• Example of 'Deviate' in a sentence:
• He never once deviated from his original plan.

The correct answer is 'No substitution required'.

Key Points

• The given sentence is grammatically correct.
• Here, the word 'responsible' means 'having the job or duty of dealing with somebody/something, so that it is your fault if something goes wrong उत्तरदायी, ज़िम्‍मेदार, जवाबदेह (किसी के प्रति, किसी काम के लिए)'.
• Example: The school is responsible for the safety of the children in school hours.
• We know that the word 'responsible' is followed by the preposition 'for'.
• The phrasal verb 'responsible for' means 'to have control and authority over someone or something किसी पर या किसी चीज़ पर नियंत्रण और अधिकार रखना'.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 3.

​

Correct Sentence: Who is responsible for the disorderly state of this room?

Hinglish

• दिया गया वाक्य व्याकरण की दृष्टि से सही है।
• यहां 'Responsible' शब्द का अर्थ है 'यहां, 'responsible' शब्द का अर्थ है 'किसी के साथ काम करने का काम या कर्तव्य, ताकि कुछ गलत होने पर यह आपकी गलती हो।'
• उदाहरण: The school is responsible for the safety of the children in school hours.
• हम जानते हैं कि 'responsible' शब्द के बाद 'for' preposition आता है।
• The phrasal verb 'responsible for' का अर्थ है 'किसी या किसी चीज़ पर नियंत्रण और अधिकार रखना'।
• इसलिए, ऊपर वर्णित बिंदुओं के अनुसार, हम पाते हैं कि सही उत्तर विकल्प 3 है।

The correct answer is 'assist'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate word to fill in the given blank is 'assist'.
• The word 'assist' means 'to help सहायता करना'.
• If we 'assist' someone, we give them information, advice, or money. 
• Example: The public is urgently requested to assist police in tracing this man.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 3.

​

Correct Sentence: Can you please assist me in sorting out these files on my computer?

Hinglish

• दिए गए रिक्त स्थान को भरने के लिए सबसे उपयुक्त शब्द 'सहायता' है।
• 'assist' शब्द का अर्थ है 'मदद करना'
• अगर हम किसी की 'सहायता' करते हैं, तो हम उन्हें जानकारी, सलाह या पैसा देते हैं।
• उदाहरण: The public is urgently requested to assist police in tracing this man.
• इसलिए, ऊपर वर्णित बिंदुओं के अनुसार, हम पाते हैं कि सही उत्तर विकल्प 3 है।

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of other words:

The erroneous spelling is 'serpant'.

Key Points

• In the given options 'serpant' is an incorrectly spelt word. Its correct spelling is 'serpent'.
• Let's look at its meaning:
• Serpent: a snake, especially a large one साँप (विशेषतः बड़ा)
• Example:  While fleeing from Aristaeus, she was bitten by a serpent and died.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 3.

​

Correct Answer: serpant.

Additional Information 

• Let's look at the meaning of other words given in the Options:

The correct answer is 'The door-bell rang when the hall was being dusted by the maid'.

Key Points

• The given sentence is in the Active Voice. As per the given question we have to change the sentence into Passive Form.
• The structure of the given sentence as follows:
• Subject + was/were + V1+ing + Object. (Active Voice)
• Subject(Objective Case)+ was/were + being + V3+ by + Object (subjective case). (Passive Voice)
• Example:
• He was riding a bike.
• A bike was being ridden by him.
• The given sentence is an example of 'past continuous'.
• The given sentence has two clauses.
• We have to change the voice of part one that is 'The maid was dusting the hall...'
• 'was dusting' will be changed into 'was being dusted'.
• The subject will be put in place of the object and the object will be put in place of the subject.
• The preposition 'by' will be added.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 3.

​

Correct Sentence: The door-bell rang when the hall was being dusted by the maid. 

Hinglish

• दिया गया वाक्य Active Voice में है। दिए गए प्रश्न के अनुसार हमें वाक्य को Passive Voice में बदलना है।
• दिए गए वाक्य की संरचना इस प्रकार है:
• Subject + was/were + V1+ing + Object. (Active Voice)
• Subject(Objective Case)+ was/were + being + V3+ by + Object (subjective case). (Passive Voice)
• Example:
• He was riding a bike.
• A bike was being ridden by him.
• दिया गया वाक्य 'past continuous' का उदाहरण है।
• दिए गए वाक्य में 'two clauses' हैं।
• हमें पहले भाग की voice को बदलना होगा i.e. 'The maid was dusting the hall...'
• 'was dusting' को 'was being dusted' में बदल दिया जाएगा।
• Object के स्थान पर Subject रखा जाएगा और Subject के स्थान पर Object रखी जाएगी।
• The preposition 'by' जोड़ा जाएगा।
• इसलिए, ऊपर वर्णित बिंदुओं के अनुसार, हम पाते हैं कि सही उत्तर विकल्प 3 है।

Additional Information

• Transformation of Infinitives:
• Structure of it is as follows
• Subject + is/am/are/was/were/has/have/had + to+ V1+ Object.
• Subject(Objective case) + is/am/are/was/were/has/have/had+to+be+ V3 + by+ object(subjective case).
• Example:
• Your child is to learn chess. (Active Voice)
• Chess is to be learnt by your child. (Passive Voice)

The correct answer is 'in Telangana are employed on'.

Key Points

• The given sentence is grammatically incorrect.
• Here, 'in Telangana are employed in' should be used instead of 'in Telangana are employed on'.
• We know that 'be employed (in) doing something' is a phrasal verb.
• It means 'to spend the time you have available doing something'
• Example: You would be better employed in writing an apology.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 2.

​

Correct Sentence: Thousands of people in Telangana are employed in the granite companies. 

Hinglish 

• दिया गया वाक्य व्याकरण की दृष्टि से गलत है।
• यहां, 'in Telangana are employed on' के बजाय 'in Telangana are employed in' का उपयोग किया जाना चाहिए।
• हम जानते हैं कि 'be employed in doing something' एक phrasal verb है।
• इसका अर्थ है 'कुछ करने के लिए आपके पास जो समय उपलब्ध है उसे खर्च करना'
• Example: You would be better employed in writing an apology.

इसलिए, ऊपर वर्णित बिंदुओं के अनुसार, हम पाते हैं कि सही उत्तर विकल्प 2 है।

The correct answer is 'Attain fame and success'.

Key Points

• The meaning of the given idiom 'Make big time' is 'Attain fame and success'.
• Make big-time: fame and success (प्रसिद्धि और सफलता)
• Example: After a series of small but critically admired roles, the actor has now moved into the big time.
• If someone hits the big time, they become famous or successful in a particular area of activity.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 1.

​

Correct Answer: Attain fame and success

Additional Information 

• Let's look at the meaning and examples of some idioms of the word 'Play':

The correct answer is 'thoughtless'.

Key Points

• The word 'Reckless' means 'not thinking about possible bad or dangerous results that could come from your actions दुःसाहसी (अपनी हरकतों के संभावित दुष्‍परिणामों या ख़तरों के प्रति लापरवाह)'.
• The synonyms of the word 'Reckless' are "daredevil, devil-may-care, foolhardy, thoughtless, harum-scarum, hell-for-leather, irresponsible, kamikaze".
• From the synonym of the given word, we can say that the word 'Thoughtless' is the most similar in meaning.
• The word 'Thoughtless' means 'not thinking about what other people want or need or what the result of your actions will be दूसरों की इच्‍छा या आवश्‍यकता का ध्‍यान न रखने वाला या अपने ऐसे व्‍यवहार के परिणाम के प्रति बेपरवाह; स्‍वार्थी या बेलिहाज़'.

Hence, the correct answer is option 2. Let's see the meaning of other given options:-

Additional Information 

• The antonym of the word 'Reckless' is "responsible".
• Example of 'Reckless' in a sentence:
• She was charged with reckless driving.

The correct answer is 'refuge'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate word to fill in the given blank is 'refuge'.
• The word 'refuge' means 'protection from danger, trouble, etc.; a place that is safe किसी ख़तरा, अशांति, परेशानी आदि से सुरक्षा; सुरक्षित स्‍थान, शरणस्‍थल'
• Example: She moved forward, taking refuge from him in his own arms, a reality that amused him.
• If we take refuge somewhere we try to protect ourselves from physical harm by going there.
• A refuge is a place where we go for safety and protection, for example from violence or from bad weather.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 3.

​

Correct Sentence: During the tsunami, my family took refuge in the guest house on the hill.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of other words given in the options:

The correct answer is 'Manepulation'.

Key Points

• In the given options 'Manepulation' is an incorrectly spelt word. Its correct spelling is 'Manipulation'.
• Let's look at its meaning:
• Manipulation: the action of manipulating someone in a clever or unscrupulous way (कुशलतापूर्वक कार्य-संचालन, हस्‍तकौशल, व्‍यवहार-कौशल)
• Example: Surely Alex wasn't blind to the manipulation going on with intent to keep him in Texas.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 4.

​

Correct Answer: Manepulation.

Additional Information 

• Let's look at the meaning of other words given in the Options:

The correct answer is 'ADBC'.

Key Points

• The given question is an example of a Sentence Jumble.
• We know that the first statement of a sentence jumbled question is usually an independent general statement, a noun, a universal fact, starting of a story, starting of an incident or an event, or it starts with 'most' or 'once'.
• Sentence A in the given question is the starting of a story. It is talking about a circus held in John's village when he was five years old.
• Sentence D will be the next sentence because it tells about the place where the circus was held.
• Sentence B will be the next sentence because it further explains what John saw in the circus.
• Lastly, Sentence C will be used.
• Thus, the sequence becomes:
• A: When John was five years old, a circus came to the village.
• D: It put up its tents in front of the Town Hall.
• B: John saw the circus people and slipped out of the house.
• C: After a long search, his father found him among the trained goats and dogs.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 2.

Correct Sequence: When John was five years old, a circus came to the village. It put up its tents in front of the Town Hall. John saw the circus people and slipped out of the house. After a long search, his father found him among the trained goats and dogs.

The correct answer is 'an eye in things'.

Key Points

• The given sentence is grammatically incorrect.
• The given sentence is an example of a fixed preposition.
• Here, 'an eye on things' should be used instead of 'an eye in things'
• If we keep an eye on something or someone, we watch them carefully, for example, to make sure that they are satisfactory or safe, or not causing trouble. 
• Example: The teachers were keeping an eye on him during the test because they thought he might cheat.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 1.

Correct Sentence: The guards in the colony always keep an eye on things going on around.

Hinglish

• दिया गया वाक्य व्याकरण की दृष्टि से गलत है।
• दिया गया वाक्य fixed preposition का उदाहरण है।
• यहां 'an eye in things' के बजाय 'an eye on things' का इस्तेमाल किया जाना चाहिए।
• अगर हम किसी चीज या किसी पर नजर रखते हैं, तो हम उन्हें ध्यान से देखते हैं, उदाहरण के लिए, यह सुनिश्चित करने के लिए कि वे संतोषजनक या सुरक्षित हैं, या परेशानी पैदा नहीं कर रहे हैं।
• ​Example: The teachers were keeping an eye on him during the test because they thought he might cheat.
• इसलिए, ऊपर वर्णित बिंदुओं के अनुसार, हम पाते हैं कि सही उत्तर विकल्प 1 है।

The correct answer is 'believed'.

Key Points

• The given passage is about 'The Bhojeshwar Temple' which is located in 'Madhya Pradesh'.
• The word 'believed' is used 'to think that something is true or possible, although you are not certain कुछ सही या संभव लगना यद्यपि निश्‍चित न होना'.
• ​Example: The escaped prisoner is believed to be in this area.
• In the given context the word 'believed' means the temple is thought to have been constructed in the 11^th century.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 3.

​

The complete passage is- The Bhojeshwar Temple is an incomplete Hindu temple in Bhojpur village of Madhya Pradesh, India. The temple's construction is (1) believed to have started in the 11^th century, (2) during the reign of the Paramara king, Bhoja. The (3) construction was abandoned for unknown reasons, with the architectural plans (4) engraved on the surrounding rocks. To understand the construction (5) techniques of 11^th-century India, the unfinished materials and the masons’ marks have been studied by scholars.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of other words given in the Options:

The correct answer is 'during'.

Key Points

• The given passage is about 'The Bhojeshwar Temple' which is located in 'Madhya Pradesh'.
• In the given filler, 'during' will be used because it means 'within the period of time mentioned के दौरान, की अवधि तक, निर्दिष्ट कालावधि में'.
• Example: During the summer holidays we went swimming every day.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 3.

​

The complete passage is- The Bhojeshwar Temple is an incomplete Hindu temple in Bhojpur village of Madhya Pradesh, India. The temple's construction is (1) believed to have started in the 11^th century, (2) during the reign of the Paramara king, Bhoja. The (3) construction was abandoned for unknown reasons, with the architectural plans (4) engraved on the surrounding rocks. To understand the construction (5) techniques of 11^th-century India, the unfinished materials and the masons’ marks have been studied by scholars

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of other words given in the Options:

The correct answer is 'construction'.

Key Points

• The given passage is about 'The Bhojeshwar Temple' which is located in 'Madhya Pradesh'.
• In the given filler, 'construction' should be used.
• It means 'something that has been built or made; a building निर्मित वस्‍तु; संरचना, भवन, इमारत'.
• Example: The new pyramid was the construction of glass and steel.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 3.

​

The complete passage is- The Bhojeshwar Temple is an incomplete Hindu temple in Bhojpur village of Madhya Pradesh, India. The temple's construction is (1) believed to have started in the 11^th century, (2) during the reign of the Paramara king, Bhoja. The (3) construction was abandoned for unknown reasons, with the architectural plans (4) engraved on the surrounding rocks. To understand the construction (5) techniques of 11^th-century India, the unfinished materials and the masons’ marks have been studied by scholars

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of other words given in the Options:

The correct answer is 'engraved'.

Key Points

• The given passage is about 'The Bhojeshwar Temple' which is located in 'Madhya Pradesh'.
• In the given filler, 'engraved' means 'to cut words or designs on metal, stone, etc. धातु, पत्‍थर आदि पर शब्‍द या आकृति उकेरना'.
• Example: His name is engraved on the cup.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 4.

​

The complete passage is- The Bhojeshwar Temple is an incomplete Hindu temple in Bhojpur village of Madhya Pradesh, India. The temple's construction is (1) believed to have started in the 11^th century, (2) during the reign of the Paramara king, Bhoja. The (3) construction was abandoned for unknown reasons, with the architectural plans (4) engraved on the surrounding rocks. To understand the construction (5) techniques of 11^th-century India, the unfinished materials and the masons’ marks have been studied by scholars

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of other words given in the Options:

The correct answer is 'techniques'.

Key Points

• The given passage is about 'The Bhojeshwar Temple' which is located in 'Madhya Pradesh'.
• In the given filler, 'techniques' should be used.
• It means 'the practical skill that somebody has in a particular activity कोई विशेष काम करने की व्‍यावहारिक निपुणता'.
• Example: He’s a naturally talented runner, but he needs to work on his technique.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 3.

​

The complete passage is- The Bhojeshwar Temple is an incomplete Hindu temple in Bhojpur village of Madhya Pradesh, India. The temple's construction is (1) believed to have started in the 11^th century, (2) during the reign of the Paramara king, Bhoja. The (3) construction was abandoned for unknown reasons, with the architectural plans (4) engraved on the surrounding rocks. To understand the construction (5) techniques of 11^th-century India, the unfinished materials and the masons’ marks have been studied by scholars

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of other words given in the Options:

The Venn diagram that best represents the relationship among Students, Brothers, and Males is shown below:

All brothers are males. Some Brothers and Males are Students.

Hence, ‘option 3’ is the correct answer.

When the paper is folded to form a cube, the faces opposite to each other is shown below:

The letter 'E' will be on the face opposite to the face showing ‘N’ when the given sheet is folded to form a cube.

Hence, ‘E’ is the correct answer.

The figure that will come next in the following figure series is shown below:

The image at the center of the figure always shifts its position in the South-East corner of the next figure.

The image at the South-West corner always shifts its position at the center in the next figure.

Other images in the figure shifts its position in every figure by rotating in 90º anti-clockwise direction.

Hence, ‘option 4’ is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:

Letters of the word are coded according to the equivalent opposite letter of a particular letter of the word.

Similarly,

Hence, ‘BGULO’ is the correct answer.

1. ×, –, +, ÷, = 

Given equation: 64 * 16 * 22 * 11 * 5 * 70

After replacing the * by the symbols in the given option, we get:

64 × 16 - 22 + 11 ÷ 5 = 70

⇒ 1024 – 22 + 2.2 = 70

⇒ 1026.2 – 22 = 70

⇒ 1004.2 ≠ 70

2. –, +, ÷, ×, =

Given equation: 64 * 16 * 22 * 11 * 5 * 70

After replacing the * by the symbols in the given option, we get:

64 - 16 + 22 ÷ 11 × 5 = 70

⇒ 64 – 16 + 10 = 70

⇒ 74 – 16 = 70

⇒ 58 ≠ 70

3. +, –, ÷, ×, =

Given equation: 64 * 16 * 22 * 11 * 5 * 70

After replacing the * by the symbols in the given option, we get:

64 + 16 - 22 ÷ 11 × 5 = 70

⇒ 64 + 16 – 10 = 70

⇒ 80 – 10 = 70

⇒ 70 = 70

4. ×, +, –, ÷, =

Given equation: 64 * 16 * 22 * 11 * 5 * 70

After replacing the * by the symbols in the given option, we get:

64 × 16 + 22 - 11 ÷ 5 = 70

⇒ 1024 + 22 – 2.2 = 70

⇒ 1046 – 2.2 = 70

⇒ 1043.8 ≠ 70

Hence, ‘+, –, ÷, ×, =’ is the correct answer.

The logic is:

Hence, ‘82’ is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:

According to the alphabetical positions of the letters,

1. OUD → O + 6 = U; U + 9 = D
2. LSZ → L + 7 = S; S + 7 = Z
3. TAH → T + 7 = A; A + 7 = H
4. ZGN → Z + 7 = G; G + 7 = N

Hence, ‘OUD’ is the odd one out.

The correct mirror image of the given combination when the mirror is placed at MN is shown below:

Hence, ‘option 3’ is the correct answer.

Confusion PointsThere is a subtle difference between option 2 and option 3.

The orientation of '3' is different in both options. '3' is vertically rotated in option 2 while it is not in option 3.

Amount of money Kritika had = ₹21,450

Percentage of money she spent on conveyance = 16%

Amount of money she spent on conveyance = 16/100 × ₹21,450 = ₹3,432

Amount of money left with Kritika = ₹ (21,450 – 3,432) = ₹18,018

Then, she spent 50% of the remaining amount on ration.

Amount of money spent on ration = 50/100 × ₹18,018 = ₹9,009

Amount of money left with Kritika = ₹(18,018 - 9,009) = ₹9,009

Then, she spent ₹991 on internet expenses.

Therefore, amount of money left with her now = ₹ (9,009 – 991) = ₹8,018

Hence, ‘₹8,018’ is the correct answer.

The paper when unfolded will appear as shown below:

Hence, ‘option 3’ is the correct answer.

The logic is:

1. 12 : 120 → 12 × (12 - 2) = 12 × 10 = 120 2. 13 : 143 → 13 × (13 - 2) = 13 × 11 = 143 3. 18 : 288 → 18 × (18 - 2) = 18 × 16 = 288 4. 11 : 111 → 11 × (11 - 2) = 11 × 9 = 99 ≠ 111 

Hence, ‘11 : 111’ is the odd one out.

The logic is:

(5, 8, 338) → 338 ÷ (5 + 8) = 338 ÷ 13 = 26 and (5 + 8) × 2 = 13 × 2 = 26

Similarly,

(11, 8, 722) → 722 ÷ (11 + 8) = 722 ÷ 19 = 38 and (11 + 8) × 2 = 19 × 2 = 38

Hence, ‘(11, 8, 722)’ is the correct answer.

Alternate MethodLOGIC: (First  Number+ Second Number )² = Third Number ÷ 2

In (5, 8, 338) →

(5 + 8)² = 338 ÷ 2

13² = 169

169 = 169

Similarly;

In (11, 8, 722) →

(11 + 8)2 = 722 ÷ 2

19² = 361

361 = 361

Hence**, "(11, 8, 722)"** is the correct answer.

The number of triangles in the given figure is shown below:

Hence, ‘8’ is the correct answer.

The logic is:

Allow : Forbid → Allow is antonym of Forbid.

Similarly,

Bragging : ? → Bragging is antonym of Modesty.

Hence, ‘Modesty’ is the correct answer.

The option that represents the correct order of the given words as they would appear in an English dictionary is shown below:

3. Peninsula
4. Peripheral
5. Presence
6. Prevent
7. Produce

Hence, ‘3, 1, 2, 5, 4’ is the correct answer.

The logic is:

(11, 12, 264) → 2 × 11 × 12 = 264

Similarly,

(16, 18, 576) → 2 × 16 × 18 = 576

Hence, ‘(16, 18, 576)’ is the correct answer.

The logic is:

Doctor : Cardiologist → Cardiologist is a Doctor who specializes in the study or treatment of heart diseases and heart abnormalities.

Similarly,

Engineer : Chemical Engineer → A Chemical Engineer is an Engineer who possesses chemical and mechanical knowledge, and who applies that knowledge to the utilisation, on a manufacturing scale, of chemical action.

Hence, ‘Engineer : Chemical Engineer’ is the correct answer.

The least possible Venn diagram is: 

Conclusions:

I. Some boxes are locks. → True (As, All cartoons are boxes and Some cartoons are locks → Some boxes are locks)

II. No pen is a cartoon. → True (As, All cartoons are boxes and No box is a pen → No pen is a cartoon)

III. No pen is a lock. → False (As, there is no definite relation between lock and pen. Hence, false)

Hence, both conclusions I and II follow.

By using the symbols in the table given below, we can draw the following family tree:

Clearly, Raveena is mother of Nitish.

Hence, ‘Mother’ is the correct answer.

The logic is:

Number : Number² × 2

5 : 50 → 5² × 2 = 25 × 2 = 50

12 : 288 → 12² × 2 = 144 × 2 = 288

Similarly,

 6 : ? → 6² × 2 = 36 × 2 = 72

Hence, ‘72’ is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:

According to the alphabetical positions of the letters,

Similarly,

Hence, ‘24281840303650’ is the correct answer.

The description is as follows:

Hence, ‘Luminosity’ is the odd one out.

The option that is embedded in the given figure when rotation is NOT allowed is shown below:

Hence, ‘option 2’ is the correct answer.

The logic is:

Similarly,

Hence, ‘SEFTEVI’ is the correct answer.

Given sequence: Y _ B P _ _ A _ P K _ A B _ K Y _ B P K

By checking options and substituting accordingly.

1. A K Y B Y P A → Y A B P K / Y A B P K / Y A B P K / Y A B P K

     ♦  Here Y A B P K is repeated.

2. A K Y B Y P K → Y A B P K / Y A B P K / Y A B P K / Y K B P K
3. A K A Y K P A → Y A B P K / A A Y P K / K A B P K / Y A B P K
4. Y A K B Y P A → Y Y B P A / K A B P K / Y A B P K / Y A B P K

     ♦  Option (1) gives a pattern of Y A B P K - Y A B P K - Y A B P K - Y A B P K.

Hence, ‘A K Y B Y P A’ is the correct answer.

Concept used :

In a triangle,

Sum of two sides is always greater than the third side

Difference of the two sides is always less than the third side

Calculations :

Let the sides of the triangle be x cm, x cm and y cm.

Case 1 when x + x = 16 

So, 

|x - x| <  y  < x + x 

⇒ 0 < y < 2x 

⇒ 0 < y < 16 

So Y can 1, 2, 3,,,,,,,,,,15 

In this case total 15 triangles are possible

Case 2, when x + y = 16 (x and y are not equal to 8)

|x - x| < y < x + x

⇒ 0 < y < 2x 

⇒ 0 < y < 2(16 - y) 

⇒ 0 < y < 32 - 2y 

⇒ 0 < 3y < 32 

⇒ 0 < y < 10.33 

Y can take values from 1 to 10 except 8, so here y can take 9 values

Total number of triangles = 15 + 9 

⇒ 24 

∴ The correct choice is option 2.

Given:

Total money spent is Rs 360000

Calculations:

Combined spending through bank A & bank C = 140°

Total spending by bank A & bank C = (140°/360°) × 360000

⇒ 140000

∴ The correct choice is option 2.

Given:

In an examination of 180 marks of a subject, 75% marks are allocated for theory and the rest for project work.

Veena scored 60% in theory.

Calculations:

Total marks needed = 62% of 180

⇒ (62/100) × 180 = 111.6

Total theory marks = 75% of 180 = 135

Total practice marks = 25% of 180 = 45

Marks he got in theory = 60% of 135 = 81

Required extra marks to get 62% = 111.6 - 81 = 30.6

Now, 30.6 as percentage of 45 marks 

⇒ (30.6/45)100 = 68%

∴ The correct choice is option 2.

Given :

A circle touches all four sides of a quadrilateral PQRS. If PQ = 11 cm. QR = 12 cm and PS = 8 cm

Calculations :

If a circle touches all four sides of quadrilateral PQRS then, 

PQ + RS = SP + RQ

So,

⇒ 11 + RS = 8 + 12

⇒ RS = 20 - 11

⇒ RS = 9

∴ The correct choice is option 3.

Calculations :

$\rm \frac{3 \sqrt 3 \sec θ + 4 \tan θ}{3 \tan θ + \sqrt 3 \sec θ} = 2,$

⇒ 3√3 secθ  + 4 tanθ = 2(3 tanθ + √3 secθ)

⇒ 3√3 secθ + 4 tanθ = 6 tanθ + 2√3 secθ

⇒ √3 secθ = 2 tanθ 

⇒ Sinθ = √3/2   (secθ = 1/cosθ and tanθ = sinθ/cosθ)

⇒ θ = 60°

⇒ Cosθ = cos60° = 1/2

∴ The correct choice is option 1.

Given :

P, Q and R are three points on the circumference of a circle such that QR is a diameter and PQ = PR.

The radius of the circle is 7 cm.

Calculations:

Here in diagram QR is the diameter

∠QPR = 90° ( angle in a semicircle opposite to diameter is always 90°)

So ∆PQR is a right angle triangle

Triangle is also isosceles as PQ = PR

So,

PQ = QR/√2    (In an isosceles right triangle the smaller side is (1/√2) of hypotenuse)

⇒ PQ = 14/√2

⇒ PQ = 7√2

∴ The correct choice is option 3.

Shortcut Trick

Cost Price (CP) of 1 orange = 2000 ÷ 400 = Rs. 5.

To gain 30% profit, Selling Price (SP) of 1 orange = 5 × 1.3 = Rs. 6.5.

Number of oranges for Rs. 260 = Total SP ÷ SP per orange.

Number of oranges = 260 ÷ 6.5 = 40.

∴ The correct answer is 40 oranges.

Alternate Method

Given: Total CP = Rs. 2000, Total Quantity = 400, Profit% = 30%, Target SP = Rs. 260.

Formulas: CP per unit = Total CP ÷ Quantity | SP = CP × (100 + Profit%) ÷ 100 | Quantity = Total SP ÷ SP per unit.

⇒ CP of 1 orange = 2000 ÷ 400 = Rs. 5

⇒ SP of 1 orange = 5 × (130 ÷ 100) = Rs. 6.5

⇒ Required Oranges = 260 ÷ 6.5 = 40

∴ The correct answer is 40.

Additional Information

Unitary Method in Profit and Loss

Always calculate the price per unit first to simplify calculations when the quantity changes between buying and selling scenarios.

Profit Percentage

Profit is always calculated on the Cost Price (CP) unless stated otherwise. Formula: SP = CP + (Profit% of CP).

Given :

A sum of money amounts to Rs.28,224 in 2 years and to Rs. 29,635.20 in 3 years when invested on compound interest, compounded annually.

Concept used :

If the rate of interest is r % compounded annually, then

Total interest for 2 years = r + r + [(r × r)/100]  

Calculations :

we know that compound interest in calculate on previous amount not on principle like simple interest 

So interest on Rs 28224 = 29635.20 - 28224 

⇒ 1411.2 

Interest rate = [(1411.2)/28224] × 100 

⇒ 5%

Total interest for 2 years = 5 + 5 + [(5 × 5)/100] = 10.25% 

So, 

Principle + 10.25% of principle = 28224 

⇒ 110.25% of principle = 28224 

⇒ Principle = [(28224)/11025] × 10000

⇒ 25600 

∴ The correct choice is option 1.

Shortcut Trick

If the expression is in the form x − a/x = n, then the value of x² + a²/x² = n² + 2a.

Given: k − 3/k = 5. Here, x = k, a = 3, and n = 5.

Applying the shortcut: k² + 9/k² = 5² + 2(3) = 25 + 6 = 31.

∴ The correct answer is 31.

Alternate Method

Given:

k − 3/k = 5

Formula Used:

(a − b)² = a² + b² − 2ab

Calculations:

⇒ k − 3/k = 5

Squaring both sides of the equation:

⇒ (k − 3/k)² = 5²

⇒ k² + (3/k)² − 2 × k × (3/k) = 25

⇒ k² + 9/k² − 2 × 3 = 25

⇒ k² + 9/k² − 6 = 25

⇒ k² + 9/k² = 25 + 6

⇒ k² + 9/k² = 31

∴ The correct answer is 31.

Additional Information

Algebraic Identity for Square of a Sum

(x + y)² = x² + y² + 2xy. If x + a/x = n, then x² + a²/x² = n² − 2a.

Algebraic Identity for Square of a Difference

(x − y)² = x² + y² − 2xy. This is used to derive relations between linear and quadratic terms.

Difference of Two Squares

x² − y² = (x − y)(x + y). Useful for simplifying products of conjugate algebraic terms.

Calculations:

Difference between A & F in percent distribution = 20 - 12 = 8%

Let the angle difference be θ 

So,

θ/360° = 8/100 (percentage is taken out of 100, similarly angle is calculated on 360°)

⇒ θ/360° = 2/25

⇒ θ = 360 × (2/25)

⇒ θ = 28.8° 

∴ The correct choice is option 4.

Given:

The merchant gives a discount of 25% on each shirt having cost price of Rs 250

Calculations:

Discount of each shirt = 25% of 250 = 62.5 rupees

He wants a total of 875 rupees as a discount.

So,

Number of shirts he purchased × discount on each shirt = Total discount

Number of shirts × 62.5 = 875

The number of shirts = 875/62.5 = 14

∴ The correct choice will be option 3.

Given:

2 cos2 θ + (4 + √3)sin θ - 2(1 + √3) = 0

Calculations:

2cos²θ + (4+√3) sinθ - 2(1+√3) = 0

⇒ 2(1-sin²θ) + 4sinθ + √3sinθ - 2 - 2√3 = 0   [(1-sin²θ) = cos²θ]

⇒ 2 - 2sin²θ  + 4sinθ  + √3sinθ  -  2 - 2√3 = 0

⇒ 2sin²θ - 4sinθ - √3sinθ + 2√3 = 0

⇒ 2sin²θ - (4+√3)sinθ + 2√3 = 0

⇒ 2sin²θ - 4sinθ - √3sinθ + 2√3 = 0

⇒ 2sinθ(sinθ -2°) - √3(sinθ -2) = 0

⇒ 2sinθ = √3 or sinθ = 2 (not possible)

⇒ Sinθ = √3/2, θ = 60°

∴ The correct choice is option 4.

Calculations:

Total marks = 30

50% of marks = 15

Students getting less than 15 marks = 2 + 8 + 7 = 17

Percentage of students getting less than 15 = (17/40)

⇒ 42.5%

∴ The correct choice is option 3

Calculations:

⇒ 4p = 6q = 9r = k

⇒ p = k/4, q = k/6, r = k/9

⇒ p : q : r = k/4 : k/6 : k/9

⇒ 9 : 6 : 4

∴ The correct choice is option 3.

Calculations:

Number of graduate from P & S = (20 + 25)% = 45% of 12400

⇒ 5580

Number of post graduate from P & S = (36 + 18)% = 54% of 8000

⇒ 4320

Graduate from P and S : post graduate from P & S

⇒ 5580 : 4320

⇒ 31 :  24

∴ The correct choice will be option 2.

Alternate MethodDistance = (X × Y)(X + Y) × [Total time]

⇒ (6 × 4.5)/(6 + 4.5) × (5 - 1.5)

⇒ (6 × 4.5 × 3.5)/10.5

⇒ 9 km

Traditional method:

Given:

A person moved from place A for place B at 2 p.m. at a speed of 4.5 km/h, stayed at place B for 1.5 hours and returned to place A at a speed of 6 km/h.

Concept used:

Distance = speed × time

Calculations:

Let the distance from A to B is ' x ' km

His total time of travelling = 5 - 1.5 = 3.5 hours      (he took a rest of 1.5 hours)

Now, 

Time of travelling from A to B/Ttime of travelling from B to A = Speed from B to A/Speed from A to B          (speed and time are inversely proportional)

Time of travelling of A/Ttime of travelling of B = 6/4.5

⇒ 4/3 

Time of travel from A to B = (4/7) × 3.5 = 2 hours 

Time of travel from B to A = (3/7) × 3.5 = 1.5 hours

Total distance = 4.5 × 2 = 9km  

∴ The correct choice is option 4.

Given:

The average of the numbers a, b, c and d is 2d + 4.

The averages of the numbers a and b, b and c, c and d are 8, 5 and 4, respectively.

Concept used:

Average = Total of all observation/number of observation

Calculations:

⇒ (a+b+c+d)/4 = 2d + 4

⇒ a+b+c+d = 8d + 16

Similarly

⇒ a + b = 16

⇒ b + c = 10

⇒ c + d = 8

⇒ 8d + 16 = a + b + c + d

⇒ 8d + 16 = 16 + 8    

⇒ 8d = 8

⇒ d = 1

Now for a

⇒ a + 10 + 1 = 24

⇒ a = 13

So

⇒ e = a + d - 1

⇒ e = 13 + 1 - 1

⇒ e = 13

Now,

⇒ (e+d)/2 = (13 + 1)/2 = 14/2

⇒ 7

∴ The correct choice is option 2.

Given:

The perimeter & area of rectangle are 42 m & 108 m²

Calculations: 

Area of rectangle = length × breadth = 108

Perimeterof rectangle = 2(length + breadth) = 42

Length + Breadth = 21 m

Let the length be x & breadth '21-x',

So,

Area = 108

(x) × (21-x) = 108

⇒ 21x - x² = 108

Solving equation we get

x = 12, 9

So

Length = 12 m and breadth = 21 - 12 = 9 

Now 

Diagonal = √(length² + breadth²)

⇒ √(12² + 9²) = √(144 + 81)

⇒ √225 

⇒ 15

The correct choice is option 2.

Given:

A & B can do a work in 7(1/2) & 10(1/2) hours respectively

Calculations:

Time of A = 15/2 hours

Time of B = 21/2 hours

Let Total work = 105 units  [Multiple of 15 and 21]

A per hour work = 105/(15/2) = 14 units

B per hour work = 105/(21/2) = 10 units

Their total work in 7/2 hours = (24) × (7/2) = 84 units

Work left out = 105 - 84 = 21 units

Fraction work left = 21/105 = 1/5^th

∴ The correct choice is option 1.

Concept used :

Calculations :

Solve as per the above-given order 

⇒ $\frac{12.5 + \frac{4}{7} \ of \ 56 - 12}{(207 \div 23 \times 4.5) - 21 \frac{1}{3} \times \left( \frac{1}{4} + \frac{1}{8} \right)}$

⇒ $\frac{12.5 + 32 - 12}{(9 \times 4.5) - 21 \frac{1}{3} \times \left(\ \frac{3}{8} \right)}$

⇒ $\frac{12.5 + 20 }{(9 \times 4.5) - \frac{64}{3} \times \left(\ \frac{3}{8} \right)}$

⇒ $\frac{32.5 }{(40.5) - 8 )}$

⇒ $\frac{32.5 }{32.5}$

⇒ 1 

∴ The correct choice will be option 2.

Given:

The side BC of a triangle ABC is extended to a point D. If ∠ACD = 117° and ∠ABC = $\frac{5}{8}$∠BAC.

Calculations:

∠ABC = 5x & ∠BAC = 8x (∠ABC = 5/8 of ∠BAC)

Now,

⇒ 5x + 8x = 117° (sum of interior opposite angles is equal to exterior angles)

⇒ 13x = 117°

⇒ x = 9

Now,

∠ABC = 5x = 45°

∴ The correct choice will be option 4.

Concept used:

For a number to be divisible by 11, the difference of the sum of digits at even & odd places must either be 0 or equal to 11.

Calculations:

For 583p2310q2

5 + 3 + 2 + 1 + q = 8 + p + 3 + 0 + 2

⇒ 11 + q = 13 + p

⇒ q - p = 2 ( not possible, p > q given)

Condition 2

⇒ 13 + p - (11 + q) = 11

⇒ 13 + p - 11 - q = 11

⇒ p - q + 2 = 11

⇒ p - q = 9

This condition is only possible when, p = 9 and q = 0, as we can put only single digit numbers

So 

⇒ p × q = 9 × 0 

⇒ 0 

∴ The correct choice is option 1.

Given:

x³ + y³ = 468

x + y = 12

Calculations:

x⁴ + y⁴ = (x² + y²)² - 2x²y²    ......(1)

x³ + y³ = (x + y) (x² + y² - xy)

468/12 = (x² + y² - xy)   

39 = (x² + y² - xy)    ......(2)

(x+y)² = x² + y² + 2xy

144 = x² + y² + 2xy

x² + y² = 144 - 2xy    ......(3)

Putting x² + y² in equ.(2)

 39 = (144 - 2xy - xy)

We get xy = 35 & x² + y² = 74

Now,

x⁴ + y⁴ = (74)² - 2(35)²

⇒ 5476 - 2450

⇒ 3026

∴ The correct choice is option 4.

Shortcut TrickHit and trial 

Put x = 5 and y = 7

then x + y = 5 + 7 = 12

x³ + y³ = 125 + 343 = 468, then finally put the x and y value in  x4 + y4 

⇒ 5⁴ + 7⁴

⇒ 625 + 2401

⇒ 3026

Given:

a² + b² + c² + 170 = 2(8a + 5b - 9c)

Concept used :

a2 + b2 + 2ab = (a + b)²

a2 + b2 - 2ab = (a - b)²

Calculations:

a2 + b2 + c2 + 170 = 2(8a + 5b - 9c)

a2 + b2 + c2 - 16a - 10b + 18c + 170 = 0

a2 - 16a + 64 + b2 - 10b + 25 + c2 + 18c + 81 = 0 (∵ 64 + 25 + 81 = 170)

(a - 8)² + (b - 5)² + (c + 9)² = 0

Now,

(a - 8)2 = a - 8 = 0

⇒ a = 8, 

Similarly,

⇒ b = 5 & c = -9

Now,

⇒ √(4a + 8b - c) = [(32 + 40 - (- 9)]

⇒ √(72 + 9)

⇒ √81

⇒ 9

∴ The correct choice will be option 3.

Calculations:

4[√3/2)⁴ + (√3/2)⁴] - 1 + (√3)² + (1/√2)² - (√2)² + (2)²

⇒ 4[(9/16) + (9/16)] - 1 + 3 + (1/2) - 2 + 4

⇒ (9/2) - 1 + 3 + (1/2) + 2

⇒ 5 + 5 - 1

⇒ 9

Now let the number be x that must be subtracted to get 2 

⇒ 9 - x = 2 

⇒ x = 7

∴ The correct choice will be option 3.

The correct answer is Grand Channel.

Key Points

• The Grand Channel is located between the Great Nicobar Islands and the Sumatra Islands of Indonesia.
• The Great Channel is located six degrees north of the equator and is popularly known as the 'Six Degree Channel'.
• The width of the Great Channel is 163 km between Indira Point in Great Nicobar and Rondo Island in Aceh Province, Indonesia.
• A deep and clear channel, it is suitable for navigation by large merchant ships.
• The Great Channel is located on the western edge of the Strait of Malacca.
• The three major sea routes of the Indian Ocean meet in the Great Channel originating from the Cape of Good Hope, the Gulf of Aden and the Strait of Hormuz.
• Due to the convergence of sea routes, shipping density remains high in the Great Channel which increases its potential vulnerability to disruption.

Additional Information

• A channel is a wide-open waterway that passes through two landmasses that are located close to each other.
• It differs from the Strait which is a relatively narrow body of water, connecting two large bodies of water.
• Channels created by glaciers form a deep valley between the two landmasses.
• Channels built by people are usually dug from the bottom of shallow waterways to make way for larger ships.
• The main islands under the Andaman and Nicobar Islands group are:
• North Andaman, Middle Andaman, South Andaman, Little Andaman, Car Nicobar, Little Nicobar, Great Nicobar
• Andamans are separated from Nicobar by a 10-degree channel.
• 10 Degree Channel separates the Andaman Islands and the Nicobar Islands from each other in the Bay of Bengal and forms the Indian Union Territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
• It is so named as it lies on the 10-degree line of latitude, north of the equator.
• Andaman and Nicobar Islands situated in the Bay of Bengal, run like a narrow chain in the north-south direction extending between 6'39 N and 14'34 N.
• The Palk Strait is a strait between the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and the Jaffna district of the Northern Province of the island nation of Sri Lanka.
• It connects the Bay of Bengal in the northeast with the Palk Bay in the southwest.

The correct answer is Akkitham Achuthan Namboothiri.

Key Points

• The prestigious 55^th Jnanpith Award has been won by 92-year-old Akkitham Achuthan Namboothiri, an eminent Indian poet-writer of the Malayalam language.
• He has won many literary awards, some of his notable awards include Padma Shri Award in 2017, Sahitya Akademi Award in 1973.
• The Jnanpith Award is an Indian literary award for individual writers who have written in any of the twenty-three eligible Indian languages ​​as per the Eighth Schedule to the Constitution of India and have made significant contributions to the field of literature.
• This award has been presented annually by the Bharatiya Jnanpith since 1961.
• So far, people working in sixteen languages ​​out of 22 eligible languages ​​have been awarded Jnanpith Awards.
• The first winner of the prestigious Jnanpith Award in 1965 was G.Shankar Kurup, who was awarded in 1950 for his collection of poetry published under the name Odakkuzhal.

Additional Information

• ​Raghuveer Chaudhari: 
• Raghuveer Chaudhari is a novelist, poet, and critic from Gujarat, India.
• He has also worked as a columnist for numerous newspapers, such as Sandesh, Janmabhumi, Nirikshaka, and Divya Bhaskar.
• He has been conferred with India’s highest literary honour, the Jnanpith Award for 2015.
• Amitav Ghosh :
• Amitav Ghosh is an Indian writer and the winner of the 54^th Jnanpith award, India’s highest literary honor, best known for his work in English fiction.
• Ghosh's ambitious novels use complex narrative strategies to probe the nature of national and personal identity, particularly of the people of India and Southeast Asia.
• In 2007 he was awarded the Padma Shri, one of India's highest honors, by the President of India.
• In 2019 Foreign Policy magazine named him one of the most important global thinkers of the preceding decade.
• Chandrashekhara Kambara :
• Chandrashekhar Kambra is a prominent Indian poet, playwright, folk songwriter, film director in the Kannada language.
• He has been honored with many prestigious awards including Padma Bhushan in 2021, Jnanpith Award in 2011 for the year 2010, Sahitya Akademi Award, Padma Shri by the Government of India, Kabir Samman, Kalidas Samman and Pampa Award.
• After his retirement, Kambra was nominated as a member of the Karnataka Legislative Council, to which he made significant contributions through his intervention.

The correct answer is Maharashtra.

Key Points

• Jowar is an important crop providing food, feed, and fodder in the arid and semi-arid tropics of the world. 
• As of the financial year 2017-18, Maharashtra was the largest jowar producing state in India.
• The demand for jowar for feed purposes is the main driving force in raising global production and international trade.
• It has also been used in the production of alcohol.

Additional Information

• The Centre currently fixes MSPs for 23 farm commodities
• 7 cereals (paddy, wheat, maize, bajra, jowar, ragi and barley),
• 5 pulses (chana, arhar/tur, urad, moong and masur),
• 7 oilseeds (rapeseed-mustard, groundnut, soyabean, sunflower, sesamum, safflower and nigerseed) and
• 4 commercial crops (cotton, sugarcane, copra and raw jute).

The correct answer is Satya Nadella.

Key Points

• Satya Nadella is the author of the book 'Hit Refresh'.
• Nadella announced that profits from the book would go to Microsoft Philanthropy and through it to non-profit organizations.
• Hit Refresh is a non-fiction book by Satya Nadella and co-authored by Jill Tracy Nichols and Greg Shaw, with a foreword by Bill Gates published in 2017.

Additional Information

• ​Satya Narayana Nadella is the chief executive officer (CEO) of Microsoft.
• Before joining Microsoft, Nadella worked at Sun Microsystems, a company that sold computers, software, and information technology services.
• In 2019, Nadella was named Financial Times (FT) Person of the Year, "Microsoft was at risk of technological irrelevance but the chief executive has presided over an era of stunning wealth creation".
• Kazi Nazrul Islam was a Bengali poet, writer, musician, and national poet of Bangladesh.
• Popularly known as Nazrul, he produced a large body of poetry and music with themes that included religious devotion and rebellion against oppression.
• Nazrul's activism for political and social justice earned him the title of "Bidrohi Kobi" (Rebel Poet).
• His compositions form the avant-garde music genre of Nazrul Geeti (Music of Nazrul)
• Jagmohan Bhanver
• Books: The Curse of Brahma, Think Your Way To Millions, Get Happy Now

The correct answer is Article 300 A.

Key Points

• The right to property is one of the most controversial human rights both in terms of its existence and interpretation.
• The Constitution originally provided for the right to property under Articles 19 and 31.
• Article 19 provides the right of all citizens to acquire, hold and dispose of the property.
• Article 31 provides that "No person shall be deprived of his property except by authority of law."
• It has also been provided that compensation shall be paid to the person whose property is taken for public purposes.
• The 44^th Amendment of 1978 removed the right to property from the list of fundamental rights.
• A new provision, Article 300-A, was added to the Constitution, which provided that "no person shall be deprived of his property except by authority of law".
• The article protects a person from the interference of the State and eviction of a person of property unless it is in accordance with the procedure established by law.

Additional Information

• The Supreme Court has recently held that a citizen’s right to own private property is a human right.
• The case was of an 80-year-old woman whose 3.34-hectare land was forcibly taken by the Himachal Pradesh Government in 1967, for constructing a road.
• The Court used its extraordinary jurisdiction under Article 136 and Article 142 of the Constitution to direct the government to pay the woman compensation of 1 crore rupees.
• The Bench referred to an earlier verdict in the State of Haryana v. Mukesh Kumar case (2011) wherein it was held that the right to property is not only a constitutional or statutory right but also a human right.
• The state cannot trespass into the private property of a citizen and then claim ownership of the land in the name of ‘adverse possession.
• Article 301 Constitution of India:
• Freedom of trade, commerce, and intercourse. Subject to the other provisions of this Part, trade, commerce, and intercourse throughout the territory of India shall be free.

The correct answer is Shivalik Hills.

Key Points

• The Shivalik Hills are a mountain range in the Outer Himalayas that extends about 2,400 km from the Indus River.
• It flows west-northwest for an additional 1,000 miles from the Tisza River in the state of Sikkim, through Nepal, into northwestern India and northern Pakistan.
• Although only 10 miles wide in places, the range is a typical peak of 3,000 to 4,000 feet.
• The Shivalik is spread over a width of 10 t0 50 km and maintains an altitude of between 900 and 1110 metres.
• These ranges are composed of loose sediments and the valleys are usually covered with heavy gravel and alluvium.

Additional Information

• The Himalayas are considered to be the tallest and the youngest furrow mountain ranges or latitudes of the world.
• Their geological pattern is young, shaky, and flexible since the Himalayan uplift is an endless cycle, making them one of the tallest earthquake-prone areas or regions of the world.
• The outer Himalayas are also identified as Manak Parbat in historical times.
• The Himalayas consist of three parallel ranges, the Greater Himalayas known as the Himadri, the Lesser Himalayas called the Himachal, and the Shivalik hills, which comprise the foothills.
• Himalayan Ranges
• A series of several parallel or convergent ranges.
• The ranges are separated by deep valleys from which a highly dissected topography [(of a plateau or upper part) is divided by several deep valleys].
• The southern slopes have steep slopes and the northern slopes have comparatively gentle slopes. [The ascent of Mount Everest is less busy than on the north side. But China imposes restrictions so climbers take the southern slopes from Nepal]
• Most of the Himalayan ranges fall in India, Nepal and Bhutan.
• The northern slopes are partly located in Tibet (Trans-Himalaya) while the western end lies in Pakistan, Afghanistan and Central Asia.
• The Himalayas between Tibet and the Gangetic Plain are a sequence of three parallel ranges.

The correct answer is Mizoram.

Key Points

• The Mizoram Cabinet has recently granted industry status to sports, amidst the gradual lifting of lock-down, following the sports policy in many countries
• This decision is expected to promote employment generation in the state.
• This was announced by the state’s Chief Minister Zoramthanga.
• The Sports and Youth Services department had advised the State government to grant the status.
• Mizoram has a good group of Football players who represent several important clubs.
• The Mizos are sports-loving people and football is their favorite.
• Granting industry status to sports is expected to help the state in meeting the requirements of sportspersons and others involved in the sector.

Additional Information

• Mizoram is located in the northeastern part of the country.
• It is bounded by Myanmar (Burma) to the east and south and Bangladesh to the west and by the states of Tripura to the northwest, Assam to the north, and Manipur to the northeast.
• The name of the state is derived from "Mizo", the self-described name of the native inhabitants, and "Ram", which in the Mizo language means "land."
• Thus "Mizo-ram" means "land of the Mizos".
• Capital - Aizawl

The correct answer is Mirabai Chanu.

Key Points

• Weightlifter Mirabai Chanu was the gold medalist for India on day one of Commonwealth Games 2018 in the women's 48kg category.
• Chanu won the first gold medal for India by lifting a total of 196kg, 86kg in snatch, and 110kg in clean and jerk.
• She broke the CWG record in the snatch, pulling off clean lifts in all three of her attempts (80kg, 84kg, and 86kg).
• She broke the sporting record for the weight category; The effort also marked his personal best.
• She was awarded the Padma Shri by the Government of India for his contribution to sports.
• She was awarded the Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award by the Government of India in 2018.
• Amanda Braddock won the bronze medal at CWG 2018.​

Additional Information

• India competed at the 2018 Commonwealth Games at Gold Coast, Australia from 4 to 15 April 2018.
• It was India's 18^th appearance at the Commonwealth Games.
• With 26 Gold medals and a total of 66 medals, India finished 3^rd for the tournament.
• It was India's best position since the 2010 Commonwealth Games, which they hosted.
• Weightlifter Sanjita Chanu bagged India's second gold medal by topping the women's 53kg category.
• Weightlifter Poonam Yadav became the third woman to win gold for India by topping the women's 69kg category at the CWG 2018.
• Weightlifter Venkat Rahul Ragala has become the fourth Indian to win a gold medal in the men's 85kg category.
• Weightlifter Satish Kumar Shivalingam won India's third gold medal in the men's 77kg category.

The correct answer is Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDUGKY).

• The Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD) announced the Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY) Antyodaya Diwas, on 25^th September 2014.
• DDU-GKY is a part of the National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM), tasked with the dual objectives of adding diversity to the incomes of rural poor families and catering to the career aspirations of rural youth.
• It is a demand-driven placement-linked skill training initiative working under the National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM).
• It uses skill training and placement in wage employment as a tool to diversify income and enable sustained upward movement out of poverty.
• It was launched with the objective of achieving inclusive growth, by developing the skills and productive capacity of the rural youth from poor families.
• Beneficiaries:
• DDU-GKY is uniquely focused on rural youth between the ages of 15 and 35 years from poor families.