SSC CHSL 2020 Official Paper 1 (Held On: 12 April 2021 Shift 1) (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is 'DBAC'.

Key Points

• The sentence 'D' is independent of any other sentence as it is giving general information about "the queen of ants". Hence, 'D' is the first part.
• Sentence B will come after D because it explains what the queen of ants does with the pair of wings.
• Sentence A will come after B because it explains when the wedding flight takes place.
• The sentence 'C' is the concluding part because it mentions what the queen of ants does in the heat.
  

Paragraph after rearranging the sentences: The queen is the mother of the entire population of a colony of ants. It has a pair of wings but bites them off after its ‘wedding’ flight. This flight takes place on a hot summer day. In the heat, the queen leaves the nest and goes out to meet a drone, high up in the air.

Hint

• Important Rules to Solve the Para Jumbles:
• Read the sentences attentively and try to comprehend the idea or theme of the sentence and eliminate the irrelevant options.
• Try to identify the opening (independent sentence) and closing sentences (concluding sentence).
• Try to identify the mandatory pairs. Two sentences can be connected through various connectors and other determinants.
  

Hinglish

• वाक्य 'D' किसी अन्य वाक्य से स्वतंत्र है क्योंकि यह "चींटियों की रानी" के बारे में सामान्य जानकारी दे रहा है। अतः 'D' पहला भाग है।
• वाक्य B, D आएगा क्योंकि यह बताता है कि चींटियों की रानी पंखों की जोड़ी के साथ क्या करती है।
• वाक्य A, B के बाद आएगा क्योंकि यह बताता है कि शादी की उड़ान कब होगी।
• वाक्य 'C' समापन भाग है क्योंकि इसमें उल्लेख है कि चींटियों की रानी गर्मी में क्या करती है।

The correct answer is 'had been auctioned'.

Key Points

• In the underlined segment, the use of the base or root form of the verb ''auction'' is incorrect.
• The given sentence is in the past perfect passive tense, it is used to talk about actions that were completed before some point in the past.
• The past perfect passive tense format is: Object + had + been + V3 (past participle).
• Therefore, the past participle form of the verb ''auctioned'' should be used in place of the base or root form of the verb ''auction''.
  

Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

Correct Sentence: The house had been auctioned before we reached there.

Hinglish

• रेखांकित खंड में 'auction' verb के base or root form का प्रयोग गलत है।
• दिया गया वाक्य past perfect passive tense में है, इसका उपयोग उन कार्यों के बारे में बात करने के लिए किया जाता है जो अतीत में किसी बिंदु से पहले पूरे हुए थे।
• Past perfect passive tense फॉर्मेट है: Object + had + been + V3 (past participle)।
• इसलिए, past participle form of the verb ''auctioned'' का प्रयोग base or root form of the verb ''auction'' के स्थान पर किया जाना चाहिए।
  

अत: सही उत्तर विकल्प 1 है ।

सही वाक्य: The house had been auctioned before we reached there.

The correct answer is 'supersonic.'

Key Points

• Let us explore the marked option: 
• 'Supersonic' means involving or denoting a speed greater than that of sound. (पराध्‍वनिक, वायुगतिकीय)
• For example - There was a huge bang; it sounded like a supersonic jet.
  

Hence, the correct answer is option 2*.*

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Additional Information

• Let us explore the other options:
• Cacophonic means harsh or jarring sound. (कठोर या कर्कश ध्वनि)
• For example - He uses sounds ranging from romantic pop songs to cacophonic clangor.
• Harmonic means (in music) used to describe the way notes are played or sung together to make a pleasing sound. (संगीत में, जिसमें स्‍वर-योजना सामंजस्‍यपूर्ण और मधुर प्रभावकारी हो; समस्‍वरित, सुस्‍वरात्‍मक)
• For example - I loved the simple harmonic melodies and wondered why I seldom hear anything as good on the radio.
• Subsonic means relating to or flying at a speed or speed less than that of sound. (ध्वनि की गति से कम गति से उड़ना)
• For example - This airplane can go out to high subsonic speeds very easily without using an afterburner.

The correct answer is 'cheap.'

Key Points

• The given word 'Precious' means of great value (usually because it is rare or difficult to find). (क़ीमती, बहुमूल्‍य)
• ​Let's see the meaning of other given options:-
• 'Costly' means costing a lot of money; expensive. (बड़ी लागत वाला; महँगा, क़ीमती)
• 'Rare' means (of a thing) not found in large numbers and so of interest or value. (दुर्लभ, विरल, बहुत कम किया जाने, दीखने या होने वाला)
• 'Simple' means without decoration or unnecessary extra things; plain and basic. (सादा और मामूली)
• 'Cheap' means low in price, costing little money. (सस्‍ता, कम क़ीमत का)
  

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

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Additional Information

• The antonyms of the word 'Precious' are "cheap, inexpensive, reasonable".
• The synonyms of the word 'Precious' are "costly, valuable, expensive".

The correct answer is 'tarriff' i.e. this word is misspelled.

Key Points

• Let us explore the options:-
• Tarriff: There is no such word in English or we can say that there is some spelling mistake in this word.
• The correct spelling is 'Tariff' and it means a tax that has to be paid on goods coming into a country. (देश में आयातित सामान पर लगने वाला कर; आयात शुल्‍क)
• Parachute means a piece of equipment that opens and lets the person fall to the ground slowly when he/she jumps from a plane. (विमान से छलाँग लगाने वाले व्‍यक्ति द्वारा धीमी गति से ज़मीन पर उतरने के लिए प्रयुक्त हवाई छतरी)
• Partner means a person or group that takes part with another or others in doing something. (एक व्यक्ति या समूह जो कुछ करने में दूसरे या दूसरों के साथ भाग लेते हैं)
• Sergeant means an officer with a low position in the army or air force. (थल सेना या वायुसेना में निम्‍न श्रेणी का अधिकारी)
  

Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

Additional Information

• Example of 'Tariff' in a sentence:
• A general tariff was imposed on foreign imports.

The correct answer is 'you submitted' i.e. this part of the sentence has an error.

Key Points

• In the given sentence, the use of the past tense form of the verb ''submitted'' is incorrect.
• 'Did' is an auxiliary verb or helping verb that is followed by the main verb.
• The auxiliary verb (did) is marked for past tense, but the main verb is not, it appears in its base form.
• When there is an auxiliary verb, the main verb does not need to be marked for tense, because the tense is shown in the auxiliary.
• The verb that follows 'did' should be used in its base or root form.
• Therefore, the base or root form of the verb ''submit'' should be used in place of the past tense form of the verb ''submitted''.
  

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

Correct Sentence: Why didn’t you submit your project on time?

Hinglish

• दिए गए वाक्य में 'submitted' verb के past tense form का प्रयोग गलत है।
• 'Did' एक auxiliary verb or helping verb है जिसके बाद main verb होती है।
• Auxiliary verb (did), past tense के लिए सक्रिय है, लेकिन main verb नहीं है, यह अपने base form में प्रकट होती है।
• जब एक auxiliary verb होती है, तो main verb को tense के लिए चिह्नित करने की आवश्यकता नहीं होती है, क्योंकि tense को auxiliary में दिखाया जाता है।
• 'Did' के बाद आने वाली verb को उसके base or root form में प्रयोग करना चाहिए।
• इसलिए, base or root form of the verb ''submit'' का प्रयोग past tense form of the verb ''submitted'' के स्थान पर किया जाना चाहिए।
  

अत: सही उत्तर विकल्प 4 है ।

सही वाक्य: Why didn’t you submit your project on time?

The correct answer is 'extend.'

Key Points

• The given word 'Stretch' means to pull something so that it becomes longer or wider. (किसी वस्‍तु को अधिक लंबा या चौड़ा करने के लिए खींचना)
• ​Let's see the meaning of other given options:-
• 'Close' means to shut. (बंद करना या होना)
• 'Compress' means flatten by pressure; squeeze or press. (दबाव से चपटा; निचोड़ना या दबाना)
• 'Extend' means to make something longer or larger. (किसी का विस्‍तार करना)
• 'Cease' means to stop or end. (समाप्‍त होना या करना; रुकना या रोकना)
  

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

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Additional Information

• The synonyms of the word 'Stretch' are "extend, lengthen, elongate".
• The antonyms of the word 'Stretch' are "diminish, lessen, reduce".

The correct answer is 'Refuse.'

Key Points

• The given word 'Resolve' means to decide something and be determined not to change your mind. (कोई निर्णय करना और उस पर डटे रहना; कृतसंकल्‍प)
• ​Let's see the meaning of other given options:-
• 'Analyse' means to look at or think about the different parts or details of something carefully in order to understand or explain it. (विश्‍लेषण करना; किसी तत्‍व के विभिन्‍न पक्षों का अध्ययन एवं परीक्षण करना)
• 'Agree' means to have the same opinion as somebody or something. (किसी बात या व्‍यक्ति से सहमत होना; एकमत होना)
• 'Refuse' means to say or show that you do not want to do, give, or accept something. (किसी बात को मानने, काम को करने से इनकार करना या बात नामंज़ूर होना)
• 'Decide' means to cause somebody to make a decision. (निश्‍चय पर पहुँचना)
  

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

Additional Information

• The antonyms of the word 'Resolve' are "refuse,​ decline, reject".
• The synonyms of the word 'Resolve' are "conclude, decide, determine".

The correct answer is 'monastery.'

Key Points

• 'Monastery' means a place where Buddhist monks live together. (वह स्थान जहाँ ऋषि-मुनि रहते हैं; मठ, विहार)
• For example - He spent several years in the monastery disguised as a monk.

Hence, the correct answer is option 3*.*

Additional Information

• Let us explore the other options:
• Stupa means a dome-shaped structure erected as a Buddhist shrine. (गुंबद के आकार का बौद्घ स्‍मारक)
• For example - The stupa on Ogoy Island is said to contain religious books gold weapons and letters to all mankind.
• Temple means a building where people pray to a god or gods. (मंदिर, देवालय, पूजा-स्‍थली)
• For example - They went to pray in the temple.
• Pagoda means a Buddhist temple in India or South-East Asia which usually is in the form of a tall tower with several levels, each of which has its own roof. (भारत या दक्षिण-पूर्व एशियाई देशों में एक बुर्ज तथा अनेक तलों वाला बौद्घ मंदिर जिसकी प्रत्‍येक तल की अपनी छत होती है)
• For example - The guide pointed at a pagoda and told us that it was built hundreds of years ago.

The correct answer is 'Cautious.'

Key Points 

• The given word 'Prudent' means sensible and careful when making judgements and decisions; avoiding unnecessary risks. (मूल्‍यांकन और निर्णय करने में सावधान और विवेकपूर्ण; अनावश्‍यक ख़तरों से बचते हुए)
• ​Let's see the meaning of other given options:-
• 'Hasty' means said or done too quickly. (जल्‍दी में कहा या किया हुआ; तीव्र गतिक)
• 'Cautious' means taking great care to avoid possible danger or problems. (सावधान, सतर्क, चौकस)
• 'Reckless' means not thinking about possible bad or dangerous results that could come from your actions. (दुःसाहसी)
• 'Rude' means not polite. (किसी के प्रति, किसी बात पर अशिष्‍ट)
  

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

Additional Information

• The synonyms of the word 'Prudent' are "cautious, sensible, wise".
• The antonyms of the word 'Prudent' are "careless, foolish, unwise".

The correct answer is 'occurred.'

Key Points

• The given sentence is saying something about to stop some people then and there. (दिया गया वाक्य कुछ लोगों को रोकने के बारे में कुछ कह रहा है)
• Occurred means (used about an idea or a thought) to come into your mind. (मन में आना, सूझना, भाव या विचार)
• Example: It occurred to her that he might push her off it.
• The speaker wants to say that he was unable to think or comprehend whether he should have stopped them immediately. The meaning of the phrase 'Then and there is- immediately.'

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

Complete Sentence: I should have stopped them then and there. But it never even occurred to me that I should.

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Additional Information

• Let us explore the other options:
• Suggested means to mention a plan or an idea that you have for somebody to discuss or consider. (कोई सुझाव देना)
• Reminded means to help somebody to remember something. (किसी को कुछ याद दिलाना)
• Happened means to do something by chance. (अचानक कर देना या हो जाना)

The correct answer is 'These carpets have been woven by the prisoners of this jail.'

Key Points

• In Active Voice, a sentence emphasizes the subject, performing an action.
• In Passive Voice, a sentence emphasizes the action or the object of the sentence.
• The given sentence is in active voice and it is in the present perfect tense.
• When we convert this sentence into passive voice, the subject 'The prisoners of this jail' of the active voice becomes the object, the object 'these carpets' becomes the subject.
• The active format "have + V3 (woven)" should be converted into the passive format "have/has + been + V3 (woven)".
• This is the active and passive voice rule for the present perfect tense.
  

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

Additional Information

• Verbs of passive format have a different set of tenses (*V3 - Past participle or Third form of the Verb) as given below in the table:
  

 

 

Hinglish

• Active Voice में , एक वाक्य विषय पर जोर देता है, एक क्रिया करता है।
• Passive Voice में , एक वाक्य वाक्य की क्रिया या वस्तु पर जोर देता है।
• दिया गया वाक्य active voice में है और यह present perfect tense में है।
• जब हम इस वाक्य को passive voice में बदलते हैं, तो active voice का subject 'The prisoners of this jail', object बन जाता है और object 'these carpets', subject बन जाता है।
• Active format "have + V3 (woven)" को passive format "have + been + V3 (woven)" में परिवर्तित किया जाना चाहिए।
• यह present perfect tense के लिए active and passive voice rule है।
  

अतः सही उत्तर विकल्प 3 है।

The correct answer is The gardener requested the children not to pluck any flowers.

Key Points

• The given sentence is a direct speech.
• The basic rules for changing or converting direct speech into indirect speech:​
• The commas, inverted commas are removed.
• 'Please' indicates a request and therefore, 'requested' should be used in place of 'please'.
• ''Don't'' should be replaced by ''not to''.
  

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

Hinglish

• दिया गया वाक्य direct speech है।
• Direct speech को indirect speech में बदलने ��ा बदलने के लिए बुनियादी नियम:
• Commas, inverted commas और exclamation mark हटा दिए जाते हैं।
• 'Please' एक अनुरोध को इंगित करता है और इसलिए, 'Please' के स्थान पर 'requested' का उपयोग किया जाना चाहिए।
• ''Don't' को ''not to'' से बदल देना चाहिए।
  

अत: सही उत्तर विकल्प 2 है।

The correct answer is 'Beware.'

Key Points

• The given sentence is saying something about less pure or lower quality food in the market. (दिया गया वाक्य बाजार में कम शुद्ध या निम्न गुणवत्ता वाले भोजन के बारे में कुछ कह रहा है)
• Beware means be cautious and alert to risks or dangers. (सावधान रहना, सतर्क रहना, चौकस रहना)
• Example: Motorists were warned to beware of slippery conditions.
  

Conclusion: To be cautious of the lower quality or less pure foodstuff in the market. (बाजार में कम गुणवत्ता वाले या कम शुद्ध खाद्य पदार्थों से सावधान रहना)

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

Complete Sentence: Beware of adulterated foodstuff being sold in the market.

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Additional Information

• Let us explore the other options:
• Wary means careful because you are uncertain or afraid of somebody or something. (किसी व्‍यक्ति या वस्‍तु के प्रति अनिश्‍चय या भय के कारण सावधान रहना)
• Cautious means taking great care to avoid possible danger or problems. (सावधान, सतर्क, चौकस)
• Aware means conscious of somebody or something. (किसी बात के विषय में सचेत)

The correct answer is 'very distant.'

Key Points

• Underlined Idiom: A far cry means a long distance away from something or very distant. (किसी चीज से बहुत दूर या बहुत दूर)
• Example: Stuck at the airport in Delhi, a far cry from Cochin.
• From the given options, the fourth option is the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom.
• The option 'very distant' means a long way away in space or time. (स्‍थान या समय की दृष्टि से काफ़ी दूर)
  

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

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Mistake Points

• We may think from the phrase "A far cry" that it is all about someone crying somewhere.
  

Additional Information

• This expression is believed to have its source in measuring one’s distance from an enemy in terms of shouting. Sir Walter Scott indicated (The Legend of Montrose, 1819) that it was a proverbial expression of the Campbell clan, which meant that their ancient hereditary domains lay beyond the reach of invaders.

The correct answer is 'To believe wrongly that your situation is good.'

Key Points

• Given Idiom: Living in a fool’s paradise means to believe wrongly that their situation is good when really it is not. (गलत तरीके से विश्वास करना कि किसी की स्थिति अच्छी है, जबकि वास्तव में ऐसा नहीं है)
• Example: She looks much happier but surely she is living in a fool's paradise.
• From the given options, the fourth option is the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom.
  

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

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Mistake Points

• We may think from the phrase "Living in a fool’s paradise" that it is all about living with a fool.
  

Additional Information

• The phrase originated in a publication called the ‘Paston Letters‘ in the year 1462 although not in an exact manner that it is being used currently. Shakespeare then used the same phrase in his very popular work ‘Romeo and Juliet’ in the year 1592.

The correct answer is 'instanse' i.e. this word is misspelled.

Key Points

• Let us explore the options:-
• Instanse: There is no such word in English or we can say that there is some spelling mistake in this word.
• The correct spelling is 'Instance' and it means an example or case of something. (किसी वस्‍तु का उदाहरण, मिसाल या मामला)
• Inspire means to make somebody want to do or create something. (कुछ करने या रचने की इच्‍छा उत्‍पन्‍न करना; प्रेरित करना)
• Install means to put somebody or something or yourself in a position or place. (किसी व्‍यक्ति, वस्‍तु या स्‍वयं को पद (या स्‍थान) पर स्‍थापित करना, पदासीन करना)
• Instead means in the place of somebody or something. (व्‍यक्ति या वस्‍तु के स्‍थान पर)
  

Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

Additional Information

• Example of 'Instance' in a sentence:
• She could not remember a similar instance.

The correct answer is 'has gone on.'

Key Points

• In the underlined segment, the plural form of the verb ''have'' and the preposition 'of' is incorrect.
• When two subjects are joined by ''as well as'', the verb agrees in number and person with the first one.
• Therefore, the singular form of the verb ''has'' should be used in place of the plural form ''have''.
• Also, the preposition 'of' usually shows a connection or belonging.
• The preposition 'on' means in the course of a journey.
• Therefore, the preposition 'on' should be used in place of the preposition 'of'.
  

Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

Correct sentence: Supriya as well as her friends has gone on a trekking expedition.

Hinglish

• रेखांकित खंड में, plural form of the verb ''have'' और preposition 'of' गलत है।
• जब दो विषयों को ''as well as'' से जोड़ा जाता है, तो क्रिया संख्या में पहले व्यक्ति के साथ सहमत होती है।
• अत: plural form ''have'' के स्थान पर singular form of the verb ''has'' का प्रयोग करना चाहिए।
• साथ ही, preposition 'of' आमतौर पर एक संबंध या अपनेपन को दर्शाता है।
• Preposition 'on' का अर्थ है यात्रा के दौरान।
• इसीलिए preposition 'of' के स्थान पर preposition 'on' का प्रयोग किया जाना चाहिए।
  

अत: सही उत्तर विकल्प 1 है ।

सही वाक्य: Supriya, as well as her friends, has gone on a trekking expedition.

The correct answer is 'DCBA'.

Key Points

• The sentence 'D' is independent of any other sentence as it is giving general information about "an old man". Hence, 'D' is the first part.
• Sentence C will come after D because it explains what the old man found in the jungle when he came to the jungle.
• Sentence B will come after C because it explains what the old man has done with the two children and the basket he found in the jungle.
• The sentence 'A' is the concluding part because it mentions the old man has brought up the two children as his own children.
  

Paragraph after rearranging the sentences: One day an old man came to the jungle. He found the two children and the basket. He took them away to his hut. There he brought them up as his own children. 

Hint

• Important Rules to Solve the Para Jumbles:
• Read the sentences attentively and try to comprehend the idea or theme of the sentence and eliminate the irrelevant options.
• Try to identify the opening (independent sentence) and closing sentences (concluding sentence).
• Try to identify the mandatory pairs. Two sentences can be connected through various connectors and other determinants.
  

Hinglish

• वाक्य 'D' किसी अन्य वाक्य से स्वतंत्र है क्योंकि यह "एक बूढ़े आदमी" के बारे में सामान्य जानकारी दे रहा है। अतः 'D' पहला भाग है।
• वाक्य C, D के बाद आएगा क्योंकि यह बताता है कि जंगल में आने पर बूढ़े को जंगल में क्या मिला।
• वाक्य B, C के बाद आएगा क्योंकि यह बताता है कि बूढ़े ने दो बच्चों और जंगल में मिली टोकरी के साथ क्या किया।
• वाक्य 'A' समापन भाग है क्योंकि इसमें उल्लेख है कि बूढ़े व्यक्ति ने दो बच्चों को अपने बच्चों के रूप में पाला है।

The correct answer is 'were providing' i.e. this part of the sentence has an error.

Key Points

• In the given sentence, the use of the gerund or present participle form of the verb ''providing'' is incorrect.
• The given sentence is a simple past passive tense, it is used to talk about things that happened or existed before now.
• The simple past passive tense format is: Object + was / were + V3 (past participle).
• Therefore, the past participle form of the verb ''provided'' should be used in place of the gerund or present participle ''providing''.
  

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

Correct Sentence: Electric heaters were provided to all the officers at the guest house.

Hinglish

• दिए गए वाक्य में 'providing' verb के gerund or present participle form का प्रयोग गलत है।
• दिया गया वाक्य simple past tense में है, इसका उपयोग उन चीजों के बारे में बात करने के लिए किया जाता है जो अब से पहले हुई या अस्तित्व में थीं।
• Simple past passive tense फॉर्मेट है: Object + was / were + V3 (past participle)।
• इसलिए, past participle form of the verb ''provided'' का प्रयोग gerund or present participle ''providing'' के स्थान पर किया जाना चाहिए।
  

अत: सही उत्तर विकल्प 2 है ।

सही वाक्य: Electric heaters were provided to all the officers at the guest house.

The correct answer is 'seemed.'

Key Points 

• The given sentence "Before the giant waves slammed into the coast in India and Sri Lanka, wild and domestic animals (1) to know what was about to happen'' is indicating the knowledge of animals about the giant waves before its arrival.
• The use of the phrase ''what was about to happen'' in the sentence indicates the use of the past tense.
• Therefore, the most appropriate word to be filled in the blank is the past tense form of the verb 'seemed'.
• The word 'seemed' means to give the impression of being or doing something; to appear. 
• Example: Her death seemed such a senseless waste of life.
  

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

The complete sentence:- Before the giant waves slammed into the coast in India and Sri Lanka, wild and domestic animals (1) seemed to know what was about to happen. (2) They fled to safety. According to eyewitness (3)accounts, elephants screamed and ran for (4)higher grounds, dogs refused to go outdoors, flamingoes abandoned (5)their low-lying breeding areas, and zoo animals rushed into their shelters.

 

Additional Information

Let us explore  the other options:

• 'Seeming' is the gerund or present participle form of the verb. ('Seeming' क्रिया का gerund or present participle रूप है)
• 'Were seemed' is the past simple passive tense. ('Were seemed' past simple passive tense है)
• 'Seem' is the root or base form of the verb. ('Seem' क्रिया का root or base रूप है)
  

Hinglish 

• दिया गया वाक्य "Before the giant waves slammed into the coast in India and Sri Lanka, wild and domestic animals (1) to know what was about to happen'' विशाल लहरों के आने से पहले जानवरों के ज्ञान का संकेत दे रहा है।
• वाक्य में ''what was about to happen'' मुहावरे का प्रयोग past tense के प्रयोग को दर्शाता है।
• इसलिए, रिक्त स्थान में भरने के लिए सबसे उपयुक्त शब्द past tense form of the verb 'seemed' है।
• शब्द 'seemed' का अर्थ है कुछ होने या करने की प्रतीति कराना; प्रतीत होना, लगना। 
• उदाहरण: Her death seemed such a senseless waste of life.

<br>

अत: सही उत्तर विकल्प 3 है।

पूर्ण वाक्य: Before the giant waves slammed into the coast in India and Sri Lanka, wild and domestic animals seemed to know what was about to happen.

The correct answer is 'They.'

Key Points

• The given sentence "(2) fled to safety'' is indicating animals ran away for safety.
• Therefore, the most appropriate word to be filled in the blank is 'they'.
• The word 'they' is used to refer to two or more people or things previously mentioned or easily identified. 
• Example: They accused me of having broken my promise.
  

Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

The complete sentence:- Before the giant waves slammed into the coast in India and Sri Lanka, wild and domestic animals (1) seemed to know what was about to happen. (2) They fled to safety. According to eyewitness (3)accounts, elephants screamed and ran for (4)higher grounds, dogs refused to go outdoors, flamingoes abandoned (5)their low-lying breeding areas, and zoo animals rushed into their shelters.

 

Additional Information

Let us explore  the other options:

• 'Them' means the object of a verb or preposition. (किसी क्रिया या पूर्वसर्ग का कर्म; उन्‍हें)
• 'Us' means me and another person or other people; me and you. (हम)
• 'We' means the subject of a verb; used for talking about the speaker and one or more other people. (हम, किसी क्रिया का कर्ता)
  

Hinglish

• दिया गया वाक्य "(2) fled to safety'' यह संकेत दे रहा है कि जानवर सुरक्षा के लिए भागे हैं।
• इसलिए, रिक्त स्थान में भरने के लिए सबसे उपयुक्त शब्द 'they' है।
• 'They' क्रिया का बहुवचनांत कर्ता, वे पूर्वनिर्दिष्ट व्‍यक्ति या वस्‍तुएँ है। 
• उदाहरण: They accused me of having broken my promise.

<br>

अत: सही उत्तर विकल्प 1 है।

पूर्ण वाक्य: They fled to safety.

The correct answer is 'accounts.'

Key Points

• The given sentence "According to eyewitness (3), elephants screamed and ran...'' is indicating screaming and running of elephants.
• The use of the word ''eyewitness'' in the sentence indicates a person who has seen something happen and can give a first-hand description of it.
• Therefore, the most appropriate word to be filled in the blank is 'accounts'.
• The word 'accounts' means somebody’s report or description of something that has happened. 
• Example: His illness accounts for his absence.
  

Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

The complete sentence:- Before the giant waves slammed into the coast in India and Sri Lanka, wild and domestic animals (1) seemed to know what was about to happen. (2) They fled to safety. According to eyewitness (3)accounts, elephants screamed and ran for (4)higher grounds, dogs refused to go outdoors, flamingoes abandoned (5)their low-lying breeding areas, and zoo animals rushed into their shelters.

 

Additional Information

Let us explore  the other options:

• 'Explanations' means a statement, fact, or situation that gives a reason for something. (किसी बात के कारण की व्‍याख्‍या; स्‍पष्‍टीकरण)
• 'Statement' means something that you say or write, especially formally. (कथन, प्रकथन, वक्तव्‍य)
• 'Narrations' means the action or process of narrating a story. (कथा वर्णन, विवरण)
  

Hinglish

• दिया गया वाक्य "According to eyewitness (3), elephants screamed and ran...'' हाथियों के चीखने और दौड़ने का संकेत दे रहा है।
• वाक्य में 'eyewitness' शब्द का प्रयोग उस व्यक्ति को इंगित करता है जिसने कुछ घटित होते देखा है और इसका प्रत्यक्ष विवरण दे सकता है।
• इसलिए, रिक्त स्थान में भरने के लिए सबसे उपयुक्त शब्द 'accounts' है।
• शब्द 'accounts' का अर्थ है घटित घटना का विवरण; लेखा-जोखा। 
• उदाहरण: His illness accounts for his absence.

<br>

अत: सही उत्तर विकल्प 1 है।

पूर्ण वाक्य: According to eyewitness accounts, elephants screamed and ran...

The correct answer is 'higher.'

Key Points

• The given sentence "...elephants screamed and ran for (4) grounds...'' is indicating the running of elephants.
• The use of the word ''ran'' in the sentence indicates to move quickly in a particular direction.
• Therefore, the most appropriate word to be filled in the blank is 'higher'.
• The word 'higher' is a comparative adjective that means having a particular height. 
• Example: Consumers will soon be paying higher airfares.
  

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

The complete sentence:- Before the giant waves slammed into the coast in India and Sri Lanka, wild and domestic animals (1) seemed to know what was about to happen. (2) They fled to safety. According to eyewitness (3)accounts, elephants screamed and ran for (4)higher grounds, dogs refused to go outdoors, flamingoes abandoned (5)their low-lying breeding areas, and zoo animals rushed into their shelters.

 

Additional Information

Let us explore  the other options:

• 'High' is an adjective. ('High' एक adjective है।)
• 'Highest' is a superlative adjective. ('Highest' एक superlative adjective है)
• 'More high' is an incorrect usage of the adjective. ('More high' adjective का गलत उपयोग है)
  

Hinglish

• दिया गया वाक्य "...elephants screamed and ran for (4) grounds...'' हाथियों के दौड़ने का संकेत दे रहा है।
• वाक्य में 'ran' शब्द का प्रयोग किसी विशेष दिशा में तेजी से आगे बढ़ने का संकेत देता है।
• इसलिए, रिक्त स्थान में भरने के लिए सबसे उपयुक्त शब्द 'higher' है।
• शब्द 'higher' एक comparative adjective है का अर्थ है एक विशेष ऊंचाई। 
• उदाहरण: Consumers will soon be paying higher airfares.

<br>

अत: सही उत्तर विकल्प 3 है।

पूर्ण वाक्य: ...elephants screamed and ran for higher grounds...

The correct answer is 'their.'

Key Points

• The given sentence "...flamingoes abandoned (5) low-lying breeding areas, and zoo animals rushed into their shelters'' is indicating animals rushing into their shelters.
• The use of the plural noun ''flamingoes'' in the sentence indicates the use of the pronoun 'their'.
• Therefore, the most appropriate word to be filled in the blank is 'their'.
• The word 'their' means of or belonging to them. 
• Example: Men too seldom see their own faults.
  

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

The complete sentence:- Before the giant waves slammed into the coast in India and Sri Lanka, wild and domestic animals (1) seemed to know what was about to happen. (2) They fled to safety. According to eyewitness (3)accounts, elephants screamed and ran for (4)higher grounds, dogs refused to go outdoors, flamingoes abandoned (5)their low-lying breeding areas, and zoo animals rushed into their shelters.

 

Additional Information

Let us explore  the other options:

• 'Her' is used as the object of a verb or preposition to refer to a female person or animal previously mentioned or easily identified. (पूर्वनिर्दिष्ट स्‍त्री व्‍यक्ति)
• 'Our' means of or belonging to us. (हमारा)
• 'Theirs' is the wrong usage of pronoun. ('Theirs' pronoun का गलत प्रयोग है)
  

Hinglish

• दिया गया वाक्य "...flamingoes abandoned (5) low-lying breeding areas, and zoo animals rushed into their shelters'' जानवरों को उनके आश्रयों में भाग लेने का संकेत दे रहा है।
• वाक्य में plural noun ''flamingoes'' का प्रयोग pronoun 'their' के उपयोग को इंगित करता है।
• इसलिए, रिक्त स्थान में भरने के लिए सबसे उपयुक्त शब्द 'their' है।
• शब्द 'their' का अर्थ है उनका (उनसे संबंधित या उनके स्‍वामित्‍व वाला)। 
• उदाहरण: Men too seldom see their own faults.

<br>

अत: सही उत्तर विकल्प 3 है।

पूर्ण वाक्य: ...flamingoes abandoned their low-lying breeding areas, and zoo animals rushed into their shelters.

The least possible Venn diagram is: 

Conclusions:

I. All camels are eagles. → False (As there is no definite relation between camels and eagles. Therefore It can be  possible but is not definite. Hence, false)

II. Some camels are eagles. → False (As there is no definite relation between camels and eagles. It can be possible but is not definite. Hence, false)

III. Some eagles are doves. → True (As, some doves are eagles)

IV. Some doves are camels. → True (As, all camels are doves)

Hence, Both conclusions III and IV follow.

1. ×, −, ÷, +

Given expression: 14 * 11 * 552 * 23 * 29 = 159

After replacing the ‘*’ by the symbols in the given option, we get:

L.H.S = 14 × 11 - 552 ÷ 23 + 29

= 14 × 11 - 24 + 29

= 154 – 24 + 29

= 183 – 24

= 159 = R.H.S

2. ×, +, ÷, −

Given expression: 14 * 11 * 552 * 23 * 29 = 159

After replacing the ‘*’ by the symbols in the given option, we get:

L. H. S = 14 × 11 + 552 ÷ 23 – 29

= 14 × 11 + 24 – 29

= 154 + 24 – 29

= 178- 29

= 149 ≠ R.H.S

3. ×, ÷, −, +

Given expression: 14 * 11 * 552 * 23 * 29 = 159

After replacing the ‘*’ by the symbols in the given option, we get:

L.H.S = 14 × 11 ÷ 552 - 23 + 29

= 14 × 0.019 – 23 + 29

= 0.27 – 23 + 29

= 29.27 – 23

= 6.27 ≠ R.H.S

4. +, −, ÷, ×

Given expression: 14 * 11 * 552 * 23 * 29 = 159

After replacing the ‘*’ by the symbols in the given option, we get:

L.H.S = 14 + 11 - 552 ÷ 23 × 29

= 14 + 11 – 24 × 29

= 14 + 11 – 696

= 25 – 696

= - 671 ≠ R.H.S

Hence, '×, −, ÷, +' is the correct answer.

Faces opposite to each other is shown below:

Clearly, 'E' will be on the face opposite to the one showing 'N' when the given sheet is folded to form a cube.

Hence, ‘E’ is the correct answer.

The option in which the given figure is embedded when rotation is not allowed is shown below:

Hence, ‘option 1’ is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is 

Logic:

Step 1:- Vowels are increased by +1.

Step 2:- Consonants are placed as it is.

Step 3:- Arrange the letters in alphabetical order (Increasing order of positional value).

BEYOND → BDFNPY

If we arrange the resultant letters in alphabetical order, we get BDFNPY.

Similarly,

For PROMISE,

If we arrange the resultant letters in alphabetical order, we get FJMPPRS.

Hence, the code for the word PROMISE is "FJMPPRS".

The logic is:

(First number + Third number)/ 2 - 2 = Second number

(57, 126, 199) → 57 + 199 = 256 ÷ 2 = 128 - 2 = 126

Similarly,

(63, 132, 205) → 63 + 205 = 268 ÷ 2 = 134 - 2 = 132

Hence, ‘(63, 132, 205)’ is the correct answer.

Alternate Method

(57, 126, 199) →  57 + 69 = 126 and 126 + 73 = 199

Similarly,

(63, 132, 205) → 63 + 69 = 132 and 132 + 73 = 205

Hence, ‘(63, 132, 205)’ is the correct answer.

Circle and square in 1st and 3rd figure changes their position by moving 180º in clockwise direction. 

Similarly,

Circle and square in 2nd and 4th figure will follow the same pattern. 

So, the next figure in the series is shown below:

Hence, 'option 2' is the correct answer.

The logic is:

First number × 13 = Second number

1. 8 : 104 → 8 × 13 = 104
2. 12 : 146 → 12 × 13 = 156 ≠ 146
3. 5 : 65  → 5 × 13 = 65
4. 11 : 143 → 11 × 13 = 143

Hence, ‘12 : 146’ is the odd one out.

The description is as follows:

Clearly, all words except 'certain' have similar meanings, while the meaning of 'certain' is opposite to the meaning of other words.

Hence, ‘Certain’ is the odd one out.

The words as they would appear in an English dictionary is shown below:

4. Reader
5. Reap
6. Rose
7. Rubric
8. Ruminate

Hence, '4, 5, 3, 1, 2' is the correct answer.

By using the symbols in the table given below, we can draw the following family tree:

1) Q and P are husband and wife.

Here Q is husband and P is wife.

2) Q is the brother of T, who is the wife of R.

Here Q is the brother of T and T is the wife of R.

3) P's father-in-law is R's wife's father i.e. P's father-in-law will be  the father of R's wife (T).

The final family tree:

Clearly, P is sister-in-law of R's wife.

Hence, ‘Sister-in-law’ is the correct answer.

The correct mirror image of the given combination when the mirror is placed at 'PQ' as shown is shown below:

Hence, ‘option 2’ is the correct answer.

Vijay is 8 years younger than Amit.

Let the age of Amit be 'a' years.

So, age of Vijay = (a - 8) years

The sum of the current ages of Vijay and Amit is 42 years.

According to question:

a + a - 8 = 42

⇒ 2a = 42 + 8

⇒ 2a = 50

⇒ a = 50 ÷ 2

⇒ a = 25

The current age of Vijay = a - 8 = 25 - 8 = 17

Hence, ‘17 years’ is the correct answer.

Confusion PointsFirstly letters in the given word are arranged as per the alphabetical order and then given logic follows.

• First letters are arranged in dictionary order (i.e. increasing order).
• After arranging in dictionary order letter are increased or decreased by +4 or -4 alternatively.

SLIM : MHQO

After arranging SLIM in alphabetical order SLIM = ILMS

First letters are arranged in dictionary order (i.e. increasing order).

• So, SLIM → Dictionary order → ILMS
• Letter are increased or decreased by +4 or -4 alternatively.

Similarly,

After arranging COLD in alphabetical order COLD = CDLO

• So, COLD → Dictionary order → CDLO
• Letter are increased or decreased by +4 or -4 alternatively.

Hence, the correct answer is GZPK.

Given :-  _ _ gb _ _ acegb _ _ aceg _ _ _

By checking options and substituting accordingly.

1. cefbdfdfd → a c e g b f b / a c e g b d f / a c e g d f d
2. fdfbdfced → a f d g b f b / a c e g b d f / a c e g c e d.
3. cedfdfbdf → a c e g b d f - a c e g b d f - a c e g b d f.

      ♦   Here "a c e g b d f" is repeated itself.

4. dfdfbcedf → a d f g b d f / a c e g b b c / a c e g e d f

     ♦   Option (3) gives a pattern of a c e g b d f - a c e g b d f - a c e g b d f.

Hence, ‘cedfdfbdf’ is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:

According to the alphabetical positions of the letters,

Logic is: Sum of the place value of the letters × Number of letters in the word

 SEND = 19 + 5 + 14 + 4 = 42 × 4 = 168

Similarly,

PURSE = 16 + 21 + 18 + 19 + 5 = 79 × 5 = 395 

Hence, ‘395’ is the correct answer.

The logic is:

Spoon : Utensil → Spoon is a utensil.

Similarly,

Scooter: Vehicle → Scooter is a vehicle.

Hence, ‘Scooter: Vehicle’ is the correct answer.

The logic is:

25 : 750 → 25 × (25 + 5) = 25 × 30 = 750

Similarly,

30 : ? → 30 × (30 + 5) = 30 × 35 = 1050

Hence, ‘1050’ is the correct answer.

The logic is:

2 × 1 + 2 = 2 + 2 = 4

4 × 2 - 3 = 8 - 3 = 5

5 × 3 + 4 = 15 + 4 = 19

19 × 4 - 5 = 76 - 5 = 71

71 × 5 + 6 = 355 + 6 = 361

Hence, ‘361’ is the correct answer.

The combinations of words which best represents the Venn diagram given below is 'Females, Daughters, Sisters'

Some daughters are sisters and vice - versa.

All sisters and daughters are female.

Hence, 'Females, Daughters, Sisters' is the correct answer.

Mistake Points

Fathers, Doctors, Males

All Fathers are Males condition satisfied (Outer circle - Male, Inner circle - Fathers)

Assuming second coinciding inner circle as shown in question as Doctors will mean All Doctors are male and some doctors are fathers that is not followed.

Some Doctors can be male and father but not all.

Hence 2nd option does not satisfy the condition.

The paper when unfolded will appear as shown below:

Hence, 'option 4' is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:

According to the alphabetical positions of the letters,

1. QUY → Q + 4 = U; U + 4 = Y 2. LPT → L + 4 = P; P + 4 = T 3. HLQ → H + 4 = L; L + 5 = Q  4. GKO → G + 4 = K; K + 4 = O

Hence, ‘HLQ ’ is the odd one out.

The logic is:

(8, 44, 224) → 8 × 5 + 4 = 40 + 4 = 44; 44 × 5 + 4 = 220 + 4 = 224

Similarly,

(11, 59, 299) → 11 × 5 + 4 = 55 + 4 = 59; 59 × 5 + 4 = 295 + 4 = 299

Hence, ‘(11, 59, 299)’ is the correct answer.

The triangles in the given figure are shown below:

 

Hence, ‘12’ is the correct answer.

The logic is:

Ohmmeter : Resistance → An ohmmeter is an electrical instrument that measures electrical resistance.

Similarly,

Zymometer : ? → A Zymometer is an instrument used to determine fermentation efficiency of yeast by measurement of the amount of carbon dioxide produced from a given quantity of sugar.

Hence, ‘Fermentation’ is the correct answer.

Given:

Percentage of Taxes = 5

Percentage of Interest on Loans = 7.5

Calculation: 

Difference between the expense of Interest on Loans and Taxes = 7.5 - 5

⇒ 2.5 

∴ The required percentage = 2.5/5 × 100 

⇒ 50%

Concept:

Secant Property

If chord AB and chord CD of a circle intersect at a point P, then

PA × PB = PC × PD

Calculation:

Let the radius of the circle = r 

PA = 12 + 8 = 20 cm, PB = 8 cm, PC = (18 + r) cm, PD = (18 - r) cm

PA × PB = PC × PD

⇒ 8 × 20 = (18 - r) × (18 + r)

⇒ 160 = 324 - r²

⇒ r² = 164

⇒ r = 12.8062 

∴ The radius of the circle is closest to 12.8 cm

Given:

Speed₁ = 40 km/h, Distance₁ = 48 km

Speed₂ = 65 km/h, Distance₂ = 52 km

Formula used:

Time = Distance/ Speed 

Average Speed = Total Distance/ Total Time

Calculation:

Total Distance traveled = 48 km + 52 km

⇒ 100 km

Total Time = 48 km/ 40 km/h + 52 km/ 65 km/h 

⇒ 6/5 + 4/5 = 2 hours 

Average Speed = 100 km/ 2 hours 

∴ The required Speed = 50 km/h

Concept: 

Divisibility rule of  9: A number is divisible by 9, when the sum of the digits of the number is divisible by 9.

Calculation:

5 + m + 8 + 3 + m + 4 + m + 1 

for minimum value 

⇒ 21 + 3m 

⇒ Minimum value of m = 2 (as 27 is the multiple of 9)

For maximum value 

⇒ 21 + 3m      (as 45 is the multiple of 9)

⇒ Maximum value of m = 8

∴ The product of largest and smallest value

⇒ 8 × 2 = 16

Key Points

Here m is a digit (m can be 0, 1, 2, 3,.....,8) not other than this.

We can't take m = 20, m = 30 etc.

Given:

Cost price of 36 kg sugar = Rs.1040

Formula used:

Profit = Selling price - Cost price

Calculation:

CP of 1 kg sugar = Rs.1040/36 

According to the question, 

SP × 10 = SP × 36 - CP × 36

⇒ CP × 36 = 26 × SP

⇒ 1040/ 36 × 36 = 26 × SP 

⇒ 1040 = 26 × SP

⇒ SP = 1040/26 = 40

Now, SP of 5 kg of sugar = 40 × 5 = Rs. 200

∴ The selling price of 5 kg sugar = Rs.200

Given:

AB (c)  = 7 cm, CA (b) = 5√2 cm, BC = a 

E and F are the mid-points of AC & AB.

∠A = 135°

Concept:

By cosine rule

Cos A = (b² + c² - a²)/ 2bc

Mid-point theorem

EF = BC/2

Calculation:

According to the cosine rule

$cos135^0= \frac{(5\sqrt2)^2 + (7)^2 - (a)^2}{2\times7\times5\sqrt2}$

⇒ $\frac{-1}{\sqrt2}= \frac{(5\sqrt2)^2 + (7)^2 - (a)^2}{2\times7\times5\sqrt2}$

⇒ $-70= 50 + 49 - a^2$

⇒ a² = 169

⇒ a = 13, a ≠ - 13

⇒ BC = 13

From formula used

EF = BC/2 = 13/2 cm 

∴ EF = 6.5 cm

Given:

cosec θ = √5/2,

Hypotenuse = √5, Perpendicular = 2 and Base = 1

Now, sec θ + tan θ - cot θ sin θ

⇒ √5/1 + 2/1 - (1/2 × 2/√5)

⇒ 2 + 4√5/5

Alternate Method

Traditional method:

Given:

cosec θ = $\frac{√ 5}{2}$

Hence, sin θ = $\frac{2}{√5}$

Formula:

sin² θ = 1 - cos² θ

4/5 = 1 - cos2 θ

⇒ cos2 θ = 1 - 4/5 = 1/5

⇒ cos θ = $\frac{1}{√5}$, sec θ = $√5$ 

tan θ = sin θ / cos θ = $\frac{2}{√5}$/ $\frac{1}{√5}$

⇒ tan θ = 2 

Calculation:

(sec θ + tan θ - cot θ sin θ)

⇒ (sec θ + tan θ - cos θ/sin θ × sin θ)

⇒ (sec θ + tan θ - cos θ)

⇒ ($√5$ + 2 - $\frac{1}{√5}$) 

⇒ 2 + 4/$√5$)

⇒ 2 + 4$√5$ × $√5$/$√5$

∴ The required answer = $2 + \frac{4√ 5}{5}$

Alternate Method1 day work of A and B = 1/24 + 1/40 = 8/120

8 day work of A and B = 64/120

Remaining work = 1 - 64/120 = 56/120

Work done by C in 14 days = 56/120

Work done by C in 1 day = 4/120 = 1/30

Work done by A and C = 1/24 + 1/30 = 9/120

Time taken = 120/9

Time taken by A and C to complete 75% work = 3/4 × 120/9 = 10 days

Traditional method:

Given: 

No of days A takes = 24 

No of days B takes = 40

Calculation:

Let the total work be the LCM of 24 and 40 = 120 units

                                       Work                  Efficiency 

A        24 days                                          5 units

                                      120 units                                                     

B        40 days                                         3 units

They work together for 8 days 

A + B = (5 + 3 ) × 8 = 64 units

Remaining work = 120 - 64 = 56 units 

C's efficiency = 56/14 = 4 units per day

No of days taken by A and C to do 75% of the work = 120/9 × 75/100

∴ The required no of days = 10

Formula used:

Percentage Increase = [$\dfrac{Final; Value- Initial ;Value}{Initial ;Value}$] × 100

Calculation: 

Increase percent in 2015 = (350 - 320)/ 320 × 100 = 30/320 × 100 = 9.37%

Increase percent in 2016 = (380 - 350)/ 350 × 100 = 30/350 × 100 = 8.57%

Increase percent in 2017 = (400 - 380)/ 380 × 100 = 20/380 × 100 = 5.26%

Decrease percent in 2018 = (400 - 280)/ 400 × 100 = 120/400 × 100 = 30%

Increase percent in 2019 = (300 - 280)/ 280 × 100 = 20/280 × 100 = 7.14%

∴ In 2017 the percentage increase in the revenue as compared to its preceding year is below 6%.

Alternate MethodExam approach - 

45% - 30% = 50 + 25

15% = 75

1% = 5

100% = 500

64% = 320

Traditional method:

Calculation: 

Let the total marks be = x

According to the question:

30% of x  + 50 = 45% of x  - 25

⇒ 75 = 15% of x

64% of x = 75 /15 × 64 = 320

∴ The required marks by Vimal = 320

Concept:

Follow the BODMAS rule according to the table given below:

Calculation:

$\rm \left( 2 \frac{1}{2} \div 1 \frac{7}{8}\right) \div \left( 9 \frac{4}{9} \div 11 \frac{1}{3} \ of \ \frac{1}{8}\right) \ of \ \frac{4}{3} × 5 \frac{1}{3} - \frac{9}{8} \div \frac{3}{4}$  

⇒ (5/2 ÷ 15/8) ÷ ( 85/9 ÷ 34/3 of 1/8) of 4/3 × 16/3 - 9/8 ÷ 3/4 

⇒ 4/3 ÷ 20/3 of 4/3 × 16/3 - 3/2 

⇒ 4/3 × 9/80 × 16/3 - 3/2 

⇒ 4/5 - 3/2 

⇒ - 7/10

∴ The required value = - 7/10

Given:

Selling price = Rs.1176

Discount₁ = 30%

Discount₂ = 16%

Formula used:

Discount = List Price – Selling Price

Selling price = List Price × (100 - D₁)/100 × (100 - D₂)/100 

Calculation:

Rs.1176 = LP × 70% × 84%

⇒ 1176 = LP × 70% × 84%

⇒ LP = 1176 × 100 × 100/ 70 × 84

⇒ LP = Rs.2000

∴ The difference between LP and SP = 2000 - 1176

⇒ Rs.824

Shortcut Trick Effective rate of discount = x + y ±  xy/100⇒ 30 + 16 - 30 × 16/100 = 46 - 4.8 

⇒ 41.2%

List price = 1176 × 100/(100 - 41.2)

⇒ 100% = Rs.2000

LP - SP = 2000 - 1176 

⇒ Rs.824

Shortcut TrickWe know that the height of an equilateral triangle = a√3/2

Here, Height = 9 = 6√3 × √3/2 

a = 6√3, so Height = a√3/2.

∴ Given triangle is an equilateral triangle.

So, ∠A = 60°.

Traditional method:

Concept:

Pythagoras theorem:

(AB)² = (BD)² + (AD)²

Equilateral Triangle:

AB = BC = AC

∠A = ∠B = ∠C = 60°

Calculation:

(6√3)² = (BD)² + 9²

⇒ BD = 3√3 cm 

∵ DC = BD = 3√3 cm

∴ BC = AC = AB =  6√3 cm &

∠A = ∠B = ∠C = 60°

∴ ABC is an equilateral triangle.

Alternate MethodHit and Trial Method

Put x = y = 1,

Value of the expression = (2 × 1 - 3 × 1)³ - 18(2 × 1 - 3 × 1)

⇒ -1 - 18(-1)

⇒ -1 + 18 = 17

From option (1),

8(1) - 72(1) + 108(1) - 27(1)

⇒ 116 - 99 = 17

∴ The answer is option (1)

Traditional method:

Formula used:

(a - b)³ = a³ - b³ - 3ab (a - b)

Calculation:

(2x - 3y)3 - 18xy (2x - 3y) = 8x3 - 27y3 - 3× 2x × 3y (2x - 3y) - 18xy (2x - 3y)

⇒ 8x3 - 27y3 - 18xy (2x - 3y) - 18xy (2x - 3y)

⇒ 8x3 - 27y3 - 36x²y + 54xy² - 36x2y + 54xy2

∴ The required result =  8x3 - 72x2y + 108xy2 - 27y3

Given:

Anamika paid Rs. 4,965 as compound interest over 3 years

Principal for Anamika (loan of Anamika) = Rs. 15,000

Principal for Suman (loan of Suman) = Rs. 10,000 

Rate of interest of Anamika and Suman is similar

Formula used: 

In the case of compound interest

Amount = Principal × (1 + r/100)³

Amount = Principal + C.I

Simple Interest = Principal × Rate × Time/100 

Amount = Principal + SI

Calculation:

According to the question

Amount paid by Anamika = 15000 + 4965 = 19965

So, 15000 × (1 + r/100)³ = 19965

⇒ (1 + r/100)3 = 19965/15000

⇒ (1 + r/100) = ∛ 19965/15000

⇒ (1 + r/100) = 11/10

⇒ r = 10%

Now, Again according to the question 

Rate of interest for Suman = 10%

Simple Interest  paid by Suman = 10000 × 3 × 10/100        [Principal of Suman = 10000]

∴ The required Interest paid by Suman is Rs.3000.

Formula used:

sin2θ + cos2θ = 1

Calculation:

8sin2θ + 2cosθ  = 5

⇒ 8(1 - cos2θ) + 2cosθ = 5 

⇒ 8 - 8cos2θ + 2cosθ = 5

⇒ 8cos2θ - 2cosθ - 3 = 0

⇒ 8cos2θ - 6cosθ + 4cosθ - 3 =0

⇒ 2cosθ(4cosθ - 3) + 1(4cosθ - 3) = 0

⇒ (2cosθ + 1)(4cosθ - 3) = 0

⇒ cosθ ≠ - 1/2, cosθ = 3/4

∵  cosθ = Base/ Hypotenuse = 3/4 

By pythagoras theorem 

Hypotenue² = Base² + Perpendicular²

⇒ 4² = 3² + P²

⇒ P = $\sqrt7$

tan2θ + sec2θ - sin2θ = 7/9 + 16/9 - 7/16

⇒ (368 - 63)/ 144

∴ The required answer = 305/144

Given:

x2 - 6√3 x + 1 = 0

Divide the equation by x 

⇒ x + 1/x = 6√3

Formula:

If x + 1/x = a, then x³ + 1/x³ = a³ - 3a

Calculation:

x3 + 1/x3 = (6√3)³ - 3 × 6√3

⇒ 648√3 - 18√3 = 630√3

∴ The required answer = 630√3

Given:

AD is the median of BC (BD = DC)

E is the mid-point of AD (AE = ED)

F is the mid-point of AE (AF = FE)

G is the mid-point of DE (EG = GD)

Concept:

The median of a triangle bisects the opposite side of a triangle and divides it into two equal parts of the area.

Calculation:

Let the length of AD = 4 units 

∵ E, F, and G are the midpoints of AD, AE, and DE respectively.

∴ They divide the triangle ABD into 4 equal parts of the area.

Now, Area of triangle ABD = 1/2 × Area of triangle ABC (AD is the median)

⇒ 2 × Area of triangle BFG = 1/2 × Area of triangle ABC (AF = FE = EG = GD)

∴ Area of triangle BFG = 1/4 × Area of triangle ABC.

Given:

D₁ =  8√3 cm , D₂ = side of the rhombus = a 

Concept:

The diagonals of a rhombus bisect each other at right angles.

Formula used:

Area of a rhombus = 1/2 × Diagonal₁ × Diagonal₂

Calculation:

By Pythagoras theorem

a² = a²/4 + (4√3)²

⇒ a² = 64 

⇒ a = 8 cm = D₂

∴ The area of the rhombus = 1/2 × 8 × 8√3

⇒ 32√3 sq. cm

Given:

x4 + y4 + x2y2 = 117 

x2 + y2 - xy = 3(4 + √3).....(1)

Formula used: 

(x² + y² - xy)(x² + y² +xy) = x4 + y4 + x2y2

Calculation:

(x2 + y2 +xy) = 117/3(4 + √3) = 39 × (4 - √3)/ (4 + √3) × (4 - √3)

⇒ 12 - 3√3 .....(2)

By adding (1) & (2)

2(x2 + y2) = 12 + 3√3 + 12 - 3√3

∴ (x2 + y2) = 12

Concept: 

Any line from the center that bisects a chord is perpendicular to the chord.

Pythagoras theorem: 

h² = b² + p²

Calculation:

r² = 4² + 3²

⇒ r = 5

∴ The diameter of the circle = 2r = 2 × 5

⇒ 10 cm 

Shortcut TrickBy triplets:

3, 4 and 5 

The length of the diameter = 2× 5 = 10

Calculation:

Sum of the imports in 2015 & 2018 = 390 + 450 = 840 crore

Sum of the exports in 2014 & 2017 = 300 + 420 = 720 crore

∴ The required ratio = 720 : 840 

⇒ 6 : 7

Given: 

A : B : C = 2 : 3 : 7

B's share = Rs.15000

Calculation:

A : B : C = 2x : 3x : 7x 

3x = 15000, x = 5000 

⇒ 7x - 3x = 4x = 4 × 5000 = 20000

∴ The difference between the shares of B and C = Rs.20000

Calculation:

Total production = (600 + 628 + 750 + 500 + 570) tones = 3048 tons

Total sales = (450 + 525 + 500 + 400 + 516) tons = 2391 tons 

∴ Percentage of the total sales = 2391/3048 × 100 

⇒ 78.44%

Given: 

Total weight of 30 people in group A = 1725 kg

No of persons in group B = 25

No of persons in group C = 20

Formula used: 

Average = Sum of Observations/ Total no of Observations

Calculation:

Let the average weight of group C be x kg 

Let the average weight of group B be (x + 2.5) kg

Let the average weight of group A be (x + 2.5 + 3) kg

According to the question:

The average weight of group A = 1725 kg/ 30 

⇒ (x + 5.5) × 30 = 1725 kg 

⇒ 30x + 165 = 1725

⇒ x = 1560/30 = 52 kg

Average weight of group A = 52 + 5.5 = 57.5 kg 

The average weight of group C = 52 kg 

∴ Average weight of group A and C together = (57.5 × 30 + 52 × 20)/ (30 + 20)

⇒ 2765/50 = 55.3 kg

The correct answer is Red laterite soil.

Key Points

• Red laterite soils are formed due to the weathering of laterite rocks.
• Red laterite soil is most suitable for growing cashew nuts.
• Laterite soils are rich in iron and aluminium content.
• Usually rusty-red in colour due to the high iron oxide content.
• It is suitable for building purposes.
• Red laterite soils in Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Kerala are mor suitable for tea plantations.

Additional Information

• Black soil is well suited for the cultivation of cotton so it is also called cotton soil.
• It is also called ‘Regur Soil’ or the ‘Black Cotton Soil’
• It is formed by the disintegration of basalt.
• Alluvial soils are the most extensive soil type in India.
• Alluvial soils are formed from the sediments deposited by the rivers.
• It is rich in potash and poor in nitrogen and organic matter.
• Alluvial soils are most suitable for growing wheat, rice, maize, sugarcane, pulses, etc.
• Red and yellow soils are derived from granites, gneisses and other metamorphic rocks.
• The soil looks reddish in colour due to a wide diffusion of iron in crystalline and metamorphic rocks and it looks yellow when it occurs in a hydrated form.
• Red and yellow soils are most suitable for growing wheat, cotton, pulses, tobacco, millets, oilseeds, potato, etc.

The correct answer is Lonar.

Key Points

• Lonar Lake is a National Geo-heritage Monument, soda lake located at Lonar in Buldhana district of Maharashtra.
• Lonar Lake is also known as Lonar crater.
• It is one of the four known, hyper-velocity, impact craters in basaltic rock anywhere on Earth (The other three are in southern Brazil).
• It was declared a protected Ramsar site on 13th November 2020.

Important Points

• India added five wetlands to the list of Wetlands of International Importance under Ramsar Convention in 2020.
• The recent additions to the List of Wetlands of International Importance under the Ramsar Convention from India are:

1. Asan Conservation Reserve in Uttarakhand.
2. Kabar Taal Lake in Bihar.
3. Sur Sarovar in Agra district of Uttar Pradesh.
4. Lonar in Buldhana district of Maharashtra.
5. Tso Kar in Ladakh

Additional Information

• Vihar Lake is located on the banks of the Mithi River in North Mumbai, Maharashtra.
• Venna Lake is located at Mahabaleshwar in Maharashtra.
• Rankala Lake is a freshwater lake located in Maharashtra.

Mistake Points

• As of August 2021, There are 49 Ramsar sites in India.
• Four new Ramsar sites were added in 2021 from India:

1. Thol in Gujarat.
2. Wadhwana in Gujarat.
3. Sultanpur in Haryana.
4. Bhindawas in Haryana.

The correct answer is Antimicrobial resistance.

Key Points

• Antimicrobial resistance is the ability of microorganisms to grow despite being exposed to antimicrobial agents.
• It is the resistance acquired by any microorganism against antimicrobial drugs that are used to treat infections.
• Increased use of antibiotics is one of the main causes of antimicrobial resistance.
• As we increase the use of antibiotics few bacteria become resistant.
• Antimicrobial resistance occurs naturally over time, usually through genetic changes.
• They are found in people, animals, food, plants and the environment (in water, soil and air).
• It occurs when bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites change over time and no longer respond to medicines making infections harder to treat and increasing the risk of disease spread, severe illness and death.
• As a result of drug resistance, antibiotics and other antimicrobial medicines become ineffective and infections become increasingly difficult or impossible to treat.
• World Health Organisation has declared Antimicrobial resistance as one of the top 10 global public health threats facing humanity.

The correct answer is languages.

Key Points

• Hakki, Pikki, and Siddi are languages from Karnataka.
• As per studies, there are at least 72 languages that are spoken in the Karnataka state.
• Siddi and Hakki-Pikki are classified as 'critically endangered languages'.
• Siddi and Hakki-Pikki is a mix of Konkani, Kannada and Hindi.
• Kannada is the official language of Karnataka.
• It is the mother tongue for the majority of the people in Karnataka.

Additional Information

• ​Major dance forms in Karnataka are:
• Puja Kunitha.
• Pata Kunitha.
• Bhootha Aradhane.
• Dollu Kunitha.
• Yakshagana is a traditional theatre form developed in Karnataka.

The correct answer is 3.

Key Points

• Union Cabinet approves the Opening of 3 Indian Missions in Estonia, Paraguay and the Dominican Republic.
• The main objective of India's foreign policy is to build a conducive environment for India’s growth and development through partnerships with friendly countries.
• Opening of Indian Missions in these three countries will help to:
• Expand diplomatic footprint.
• Deepen political relations.
• Growth of bilateral trade.
• Investment and economic engagements.
• Stronger people-to-people contacts.
• This decision is a forward-looking step in pursuit of our national priority of growth and development or ‘Sabka Saath Sabka Vikas’.
• The Union Cabinet was chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

The correct answer is Hima Kohli.

Key Points

• Hima Kohli is the first female Chief Justice of Telangana.
• She served as the Chief Justice of Telangana High Court from 7 January 2021 to 30 August 2021.
• She is the first woman to occupy that position since it was separated from the Andhra Pradesh High Court in 2019.
• She also served as the Judge Delhi High Court from 2001 to 2006.
• She is currently a Judge of the Supreme Court of India.
• T.B. Radhakrishnan is the first Chief Justice of Telangana High Court.
• M. S. Ramachandra Rao is the current Chief Justice of Telangana High Court.

Additional Information

• Justice Ruma Pal was a former judge of the Supreme Court of India.
• R Banumathi is the former Chief Justice of Jharkhand High Court.
• JK Maheshwari is the former Chief Justice of Andhra Pradesh and Sikkim High Courts

The correct answer is Mahatma Gandhi.

Key Points

• Pathway to God is a book written by Mahatma Gandhi.
• It was originally published in India in the year 1971.
• Mahatma Gandhi is the father of the nation India.
• He was born on 2 October 1869.
• He served as the President of the Indian national congress during its Belgaum session in 1924
• He was assassinated on 30 January 1948 by gunshot.

Additional Information

• ​ Jawaharlal Nehru:​
• Jawaharlal Nehru was the first Prime Minister of India.
• He served as the prime minister of India from 15th August 1947 to 1964.
• He is the architect of the Preamble of the Indian constitution.
• He was the Prime Minister of India during the Indo-China war in 1962.
• He served as the first chairman of the planning commission of India.
• He was honored with the Bharat Ratna in 1955.
• The name Panchayati raj was given by Jawaharlal Nehru.
• National herald is the newspaper started by Jawaharlal Nehru.
• He is the first prime minister to die in harness.
• Shantivan is the cremation ground of Jawaharlal Nehru.
• Sri Aurobindo:
• Sri Aurobindo was an Indian philosopher, yogi, guru, poet, and nationalist.
• Sri Aurobindo (born Aurobindo Ghose; 15 August 1872 – 5 December 1950)
• Sri Aurobindo believed that Darwinism merely describes a phenomenon of the evolution of matter into life, but does not explain the reason behind it, while he finds life to be already present in matter, because all of existence is a manifestation of Brahman.
• Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel:​
• Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, popularly known as the Iron Man of India.
• He was the first Deputy Prime Minister and Home Minister of India.
• He was instrumental in India's independence struggle, and then for the integration of over 500 princely states into the Union of India.
• On the birth anniversary of Sardar Patel, on October 31, 2018, PM Modi unveiled the 'Statue of Unity' in Gujarat's Narmada district.
• The total height of the Sardar Patel statue (182 meters) is double that of New York's Statue of Liberty

The correct answer is Central Bank of India.

Key Points

• Central Bank of India launched a contactless ‘RuPay Select’ debit card in December 2020.
• It was launched in association with the National Payments Corporation of India.
• It was launched on the occasion of Bank’s 110th foundation day.
• The card was officially launched by then MD and CEO of the Central Bank of India, Pallav Mohapatra.
• The Central Bank of India was founded on 21 December 1911.
• The headquarters of the Central Bank of India is located in Mumbai.
• Matam Venkata Rao is the current MD and CEO of the Central Bank of India.

Additional Information

• State Bank of India:
• State Bank of India is the largest public sector bank in India.
• SBI descends from the Bank of Calcutta founded in 1806 through the Imperial Bank of India.
• The Bank of Madras merged into the other two presidency banks, the Bank of Calcutta and the Bank of Bombay to form the Imperial Bank of India which in turn became the SBI on this day in 1955.
• Founded - 1 July 1955.
• Chairperson - Dinesh Kumar Khara.
• Headquarters - Mumbai.
• HDFC Bank Limited:
• ​HDFC Bank Limited is the largest private sector bank by assets[and by market capitalisation in India.
• Founded - August 1994
• Chairperson - Atanu Chakraborty
• Headquarters - Mumbai.
• ICICI Bank Limited:
• ​ICICI Bank Limited is a financial services company in India.
• Founded -June 1994
• Chairperson - Girish Chandra Chaturvedi
• Headquarters - Vadodara, Gujarat.