SSC CHSL 2020 Official Paper 5 (Held On: 13 April 2021 Shift 2) (Previous Year Paper)

The answer with the incorrect spelling is 'Convertion'.

Key Points

• The correct spelling of the word will be 'Conversion'.
• The word 'Conversion' is a noun and is referred to the process of changing or causing something to change from one form to another.
• Example: They have suggested conversion of the old school into apartments.
• Therefore the correct option with the incorrect spelling will be Option 3.

The correct answer is 'The policeman told the inspector that he had arrested a man who had broken the window of a car.'

Key Points

• The given sentence is in Direct Speech of Simple Past tense and as per the question, we have to change it into Indirect Speech.
• Here, Simple Past will be changed to Past Perfect.
• The process of transformation is as follows:
• 'said to' will be replaced with the conjunction 'that'.
• Commas and inverted commas will be removed.
• The first person "I" changes according to the subject, hence will be replaced with 'He'.
• The verb 'arrested' will be replaced with 'had arrested'.
• The Simple Past form 'broke' will be replaced with the participle 'broken'.

​

Correct Sentence: The policeman told the inspector that he had arrested a man who had broken the window of a car.

The correct answer is 'To do many things in a disorganised manner'.

Key Points

• The idiom 'To run around like a headless chicken' is addressed to someone who is panicking when he should be thinking carefully about what needs to be done.
• Example:
• Instead of running around like a headless chicken, use your efforts in a more productive way.

The correct answer is 'auditor'.

Key Points

• An 'auditor' is someone whose job is to carry out an official examination of the accounts of a business and to produce a report.
• Example:
• The accounts are audited once a year by an auditor.

Additional Information Let's look into the meaning of the other given words:

• Commentator: A person on radio or television who describes and discusses news events, sports, books, or other subjects.
• Distributor: A person or organization that supplies goods to shops and companies.
• Anchor: A person who reports the news and manages reports by others on a television or radio program.

The correct answer is 'To try everything possible to solve a problem'.

Key Points

• The idiom 'To leave no stone unturned' means to try every possible course of action in order to achieve something.
• Example:
• John left no stone unturned in his search to find the ring.
• She said she would leave no stone unturned in the search for peace.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the origin of the idiom:
• This phrase in its present form originated in the mid-1500s.
• It is from an ancient Greek legend about a general who buried his large treasure after being defeated.
• Those searching for the treasure consulted the Oracle of Delphi, who advised them to look under every stone.

The correct answer will be 'A ban on spitting in public has been introduced by the Indian government.'

Key Points The given sentence is in the Active form, hence we need to convert it into the Passive form.

• In the given sentence, the subject is 'The Indian government' and the object is 'a ban on spitting'.
• The change the form of the given sentence from active to passive, we need to interchange the places of the subject and the object.
• The preposition 'by' will be added.
• The objective case 'a ban on spitting' will be used as the subject.
• The given sentence is in the form of present perfect tense, so the structure will be:
• Active form: Subject + has/have+V3+Object.
• Passive form: Object + has/have+been+V3+Subject

Correct Sentence: A ban on spitting in public has been introduced by the Indian government.

The correct answer is 'Harmful'.

Key Points

• Let's look into the meaning of the given word and the marked option:
• Innocuous: Completely harmless (= causing no harm).
• Example: Some mushrooms look innocuous but are in fact poisonous.
• Harmful: Causing harm.
• Example: This group of chemicals is known to be harmful to people with asthma.
• Hence from the given meanings, we can understand that 'Innocuous' and 'harmful' are antonymous words.

The correct answer is 'Mint'.

Key Points

• The word "Mint" refers to a place where the new coins of a country are made.
• Hence option 2 is correct.

Additional Information Let's look into the meaning of the other given words:

• Mine: A hole or system of holes in the ground where substances such as coal, metal, and salt are removed.
• Warehouse: A large building for storing things before they are sold, used, or sent out to shops.
• Factory: A building or set of buildings where large amounts of goods are made using machines.

The correct answer is 'BDAC'.

Key Points

• The sentence 'B' is independent of any other sentence as it is giving general information about 'worm extraction from the wound'. Hence B is the first sentence.
• The phrase 'putting a lotion on them' in sentence D is directly linked to the 'wounds on my legs and arms' in sentence B. Hence D follows sentence B.
• Between sentence A and sentence C, it is understandable that one incident happened after the other and we can understand that sentence C will always follow sentence A because first the 'fruit mash' needs to be given only then he can refuse or realize that he was 'unable to eat'.
• Hence sentence A follows D and sentence C follows A.

Paragraph after rearrangement: They extracted 30 worms from my wounds on my legs and arms. They washed me with salt water and bandaged my wounds after putting a lotion on them. They made fruit mash for me. But I was unable to eat.

The correct answer is 'Mild'.

Key Points

• Let's look into the meaning of the given word and the selected option:
• Severe: Extreme or very difficult. (अत्यधिक या बहुत कठिन)
• Example: This will be a severe test of our strength.
• Mild: Not violent, severe, or extreme. (हिंसक, गंभीर या अतिवादी नहीं)
• Example: He has suffered a mild heart attack - nothing too serious.
• Hence from the given meanings, we can understand that the words 'Severe' and 'Mild' are antonyms of each other.

The correct answer is 'persuaded'.

Key Points

• On reading the sentence we understand that the subject was unwilling to go for the picnic but he was explained properly with reasons to why he should go.
• The word 'persuade' means to cause people to do or believe something, esp. by explaining why they should.
• Example: The government is trying to persuade consumers to save more.
• Therefore the word 'persuaded' fits most appropriately in the blank.

Additional Information

• Let's look into the meaning and usage of the other given words:
• Isolate: to separate something from other things with which it is connected or mixed.
• Example: A high wall isolated the house from the rest of the village.
• Control: To order, limit, or rule something, or someone's actions or behavior.
• Example: The temperature is controlled by a thermostat.
• Consult: To get information or advice from a person, esp. an expert, or to look at written material in order to get information.
• Example: If you don’t know the meaning of a word, consult a dictionary.

The correct answer is 'Fascinate'.

Key Points

• Let's look into the meanings of the word and the given option:
• Attract: To pull or draw someone or something towards them, by the qualities they have, especially good ones.
• Example: These flowers are brightly colored in order to attract butterflies.
• Fascinate: To have someone’s complete interest and attention.
• Example: The children were fascinated by the story.
• Hence we can understand that both the words 'Attract' and 'Fascinate' are the same in meaning.
• The synonyms of the word 'Attract' are "charm, fascinate, allure".
• Therefore the correct answer is Option 2.

Additional Information

• ​Disgust: a feeling of revulsion or strong disapproval aroused by something unpleasant or offensive
• Release: allow or enable to escape from confinement; set free
• Prevent: keep (something) from happening

The incorrectly spelled word is 'maintanance'.

Key Points

• The correct spelling of the given word will be "maintenance".
• The word 'maintenance' is referred to the process of preserving a condition or situation or the state of being preserved.
• Example: The building has suffered from years of poor maintenance.
• The word 'maintenance' is a noun.
• Therefore the correct answer is Option 1.

The correct answer is 'Disdain'.

Key Points

• Let's look into the meanings of the word and given option:
• Condescension: Behaviour that shows you think you are more important or more intelligent than other people.
• Example: He looked at me with condescension and pity in his eyes.
• Disdain: The feeling of not liking someone or something and thinking that they do not deserve your interest or respect.
• Example: He regards the political process with disdain.
• By the given meanings we can understand that the words 'condescension' and 'disdain' are similar in meaning.
• The synonyms of the word 'condescension' are "disdain, scorn, arrogance".
• Therefore the words 'condescension' and 'disdain' are synonymous words.

Additional Information Let's look into the meaning and usage of the other given words:

• Intention: Something that you want and plan to do.
• Example: It wasn't my intention to exclude her from the list - I just forgot her.
• Cohesion: (of objects) the state of sticking together, or (of people) being in close agreement and working well together
• Example: The team just seems to lack cohesion.
• Effusion: A sudden and uncontrolled expression of strong emotion.
• Example: The cleverness of his writing deflates amid his effusions of feeling.

The correct answer is 'contentious'.

Key Points

• The word 'contentious' means causing, involving, or likely to cause disagreement and argument. (विवादास्पद, कलहप्रिय, झगड़ालू)
• Example: The director had a contentious relationship with the eccentric actor.
• A court's duty is to resolve disagreements and arguments.
• Therefore the word 'contentious' fits most appropriately in the blank.

Additional Information Let's look into the meaning of the other given words:

• Conscientious: Putting a lot of effort into your work. (कर्तव्यनिष्ठ, अंतर्विवेकशील)
• Presumptuous: (of a person or their behaviour) failing to observe the limits of what is permitted or appropriate.(ढीठ, धृष्ट, दुराशी)
• Contemptuous: Expressing or feeling a lack of respect. (तिरस्��ारपूर्ण, घृणित)

The erroneous segment is 'someone has been picked my pocket'.

Key Points

• The sentence is referring to an action that has happened in the past.
• The use of 'has been' is in the present perfect tense and is incorrect in the given sentence.
• The present perfect tense refers to an action or state that either occurred at an indefinite time in the past or began in the past and continued to the present time, which is not the case in the given sentence as the action is already completed.
• The given sentence on the other hand is in the past perfect form describing actions that were completed before some point in the past.
• Example: We were shocked to discover that someone had graffitied on our front door. (describing two actions from the past where one action is occurring before the other).
• Therefore 'has been picked' must be replaced with 'had picked' to make the sentence grammatically correct.

Correct sentence: I think someone had picked my pocket while I was traveling in the metro.

The correct substitute is 'I have been writing a novel'.

Key Points

• The middle and the last part of the sentence show that the task of writing the novel started two years ago and is still continuing - for the last two years but it is not finished yet.
• By reading this part of the sentence we can understand that the sentence is in the Present Perfect Continuous Tense.
• The present perfect continuous tense (also known as the present perfect progressive tense) shows that something started in the past and is continuing at the present time*.***
• Example: He has been sitting in class since early this morning.
• The present perfect continuous is formed using the construction has/have been + the present participle (root + -ing).
• Therefore 'I wrote a novel' must be replaced with 'I have been writing a novel' to make the sentence grammatically correct.

Correct sentence: I have been writing a novel for the last two years but it is not finished yet.

The correct answer is 'BCAD'.

Key Points

• The sentence 'B' is independent of any other sentence as it is giving general information about humans crossing borders in search of jobs. Hence, B is the first sentence.
• The phrase 'Nowhere it is more apparent' in sentence C is directly linked with 'crossing borders' mentioned in sentence B, hence C follows B.
• The noun 'European' in sentence A is directly linked to 'Europe' mentioned in sentence C, hence A follows C.
• The pronoun 'others' in sentence D refers back to the 'Europeans' mentioned in sentence A, hence D becomes the concluding sentence of the paragraph.

The erroneous part of the sentence is 'are considered an honour'.

Key Points

• The given sentence is talking about a single task of a specific day - the Republic Day Parade.
• The use of the plural verb 'are' in this case is incorrect and hence should be replaced with the singular verb 'is' to make the sentence grammatically correct.
• Therefore the correct answer is option 1.

Correct Sentence: Participating in the Republic Day Parade is considered an honour by many people.

The correct answer is 'travel'.

Key Points

• In the given sentence we can see the use of the preposition 'to'.
• Whenever a verb follows the preposition 'to', it is always used in its base form.
• Let's understand with the help of some examples:
• She's not strong enough to go hiking up mountains.
• This tool is used to make holes in leather.
• This meat is difficult to chew.
• Can you tell me how to get there?
• Therefore the word 'travels' must be replaced with 'travel' to make the sentence grammatically correct.

Correct sentence: How much does it cost to travel from the airport to Noida?

The correct answer is 'ceremonies'.

Key Points

• By reading the first line of the passage we can get that the passage is about an occasion - Graduation Day.
• When we consider an occasion we know that every occasion consists of performances and acts.
• The word 'ceremony' is referred to (a set of) formal acts, often fixed and traditional, performed on important social or religious occasions.
• Example: A wedding/graduation ceremony.
• Therefore the word 'ceremonies' fits most appropriately in blank 1.

The complete passage is- Graduation Day was at hand. Primary school graduation (1) ceremonies in those days followed a prescribed order-conventional, courteous and (2) sentimental. First, the school principal made a long speech (3) of encouragement and blessing for the future of the graduates. (4) then one of the representatives of the graduating class (5) responded with a vote of thanks.

The correct answer is 'sentimental'.

Key Points

• Let's refer to this line: "ceremonies in those days followed a prescribed order-conventional, courteous and ______."
• By reading the above line we understand that it describes a predetermined order of the ceremonies and how they used to be.
• Since the above line is describing the quality of the ceremonies of those days, hence we should use an adjective in the given blank.
• The word 'sentimental' is an adjective that means of or prompted by feelings of tenderness, sadness, or nostalgia.
• Example: He gets sentimental and starts crying when we talk about his mother.
• Therefore the word 'sentimental' fits most appropriately in blank 2.

The complete passage is- Graduation Day was at hand. Primary school graduation (1) ceremonies in those days followed a prescribed order-conventional, courteous and (2) sentimental. First, the school principal made a long speech (3) of encouragement and blessing for the future of the graduates. (4) then one of the representatives of the graduating class (5) responded with a vote of thanks.

The correct answer is 'of'.

Key Points

• Let's refer to this line: "First the school principal made a long speech ______ encouragement and blessing for the future of the graduates."
• By reading this line we understand that the principal gave a long speech that consisted of words of encouragement and also blessings for the future.
• The speech hence reflects a possessive quality.
• We use the preposition 'of' to express possession and it also means having.
• Examples:
• dresses of lace and silk
• plates of gold and silver
• employees of the company
• Therefore the preposition 'of' fits most appropriately in blank 3.

The complete passage is- Graduation Day was at hand. Primary school graduation (1) ceremonies in those days followed a prescribed order-conventional, courteous and (2) sentimental. First, the school principal made a long speech (3) of encouragement and blessing for the future of the graduates. (4) then one of the representatives of the graduating class (5) responded with a vote of thanks.

Mistake Points

• The common mistake is made while choosing between 'of' and 'about'.
• 'of' is a preposition while 'about' can be used both as a preposition and also as an adverb.
• As a preposition 'about' means on the subject of, or connected with.
• Example: a film about the Spanish Civil War.
• As an adverb 'about'  is used to express a little more or less than the stated number or amount.
• Example: about six feet tall

The correct answer is 'Then'.

Key Points

• Let's refer to this line: "First the school principal made a long speech of encouragement and blessing for the future of the graduates. ______ one of the representatives of the graduating class"
• By reading the above lines we can understand that it is mentioning about two events where one is started (______ one of the representatives of the graduating class) right after the other ended (First the school principal made a long speech of encouragement and blessing for the future of the graduates).
• The adverb 'then' is used to refer to next or after that.
• Example: Let me finish this job, then we'll go.
• Therefore the word 'then' fits most appropriately in blank 4.

The complete passage is- Graduation Day was at hand. Primary school graduation (1) ceremonies in those days followed a prescribed order-conventional, courteous and (2) sentimental. First, the school principal made a long speech (3) of encouragement and blessing for the future of the graduates. (4) then one of the representatives of the graduating class (5) responded with a vote of thanks.

The correct answer is 'responded'.

Key Points

• Let's refer to these lines: "First the school principal made a long speech of encouragement and blessing for the future of the graduates. Then one of the representatives of the graduating class ______ with a vote of thanks."
• By reading the above lines we can understand that when the principal finished his/her speech one of the representatives reacted with appreciation.
• The verb 'respond' means to say or do something as a reaction to something that has been said or done.
• Example: To every question, he responded "I don't know."
• The passage is a description of a past event, hence the word 'responded' fits most appropriately in blank 5.
• Therefore option 1 is the correct answer.

The complete passage is- Graduation Day was at hand. Primary school graduation (1) ceremonies in those days followed a prescribed order-conventional, courteous and (2) sentimental. First, the school principal made a long speech (3) of encouragement and blessing for the future of the graduates. (4) then one of the representatives of the graduating class (5) responded with a vote of thanks.

The logic is:

{22, 17, 31} → 22 - 17 = 5 and 31 - 17 = 14

Similarly,

{31, 26, 40} → 31 - 26 = 5 and 40 - 26 = 14

Hence, ‘{31, 26, 40}’ is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:

The logic is:

(The sum of the alphabets in the opposite positional values) - (Number of letters in the word)

According to the alphabetical positions of the letters,

Similarly, 

Similarly,

Hence, ‘106’ is the correct answer.

The correct mirror image of the given figure when the mirror is placed at the right side of the figure is shown below:

Hence, ‘option 4’ is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:

According to the alphabetical positions of the letters,

Similarly,

Hence, ‘SNMDBH’ is the correct answer.

The description is as follows:

 

Hence, ‘Director’ is the odd one out.

The logic is:

Pullover : Wool → Pullover is made up of wool. It is a knitted garment put on over the head and covering the top half of the body.

Similarly,

Prism : Glass → Prism is made up of glass. It is a solid geometric figure whose two ends are similar, equal, and parallel rectilinear figures, and whose sides are parallelograms.

Hence, ‘Prism : Glass’ is the correct answer.

The option in which the given figure is embedded when rotation is NOT allowed is shown below:

Hence, ‘option 4’ is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:

According to the alphabetical positions of the letters,

1. SNPJ → S - 5 = N; N + 2 = P; P - 6 = J 2. FBDX → F - 4 = B; B + 2 = D; D - 6 = X 3. TPRL → T - 4 = P; P + 2 = R; R - 6 = L 4. HDFZ → H - 4 = D; D + 2 = F; F - 6 = Z

Hence, ‘SNPJ’ is the odd one out.

The logic followed here is:

Similarly, 

Hence, the correct answer is "WRNK".

Alternate MethodThe logic followed here is:

Similarly, 

Hence, the correct answer is "WRNK".

Total number of exam centres = 250

Average number of applicants per centre = 1250

Total number of applicants = 1250 × 250 = 312500

It was later realised that in one centre, the number of applicants was counted as 1758 instead of 1658.

Correct number of applicants = 312500 + 1658 – 1758

= 314158 – 1758

= 312400

Correct average number of applicants per centre = 312400 ÷ 250 = 1249.6

Hence, ‘1249.6’ is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Option 1 → 127 = 2⁷ - 1 = 128 - 1 = 127

Option 2 → 1049 → No value comes near by 1049.

Option 3 → 4095 = 2¹² - 1 = 4096 - 1 = 4095

Option 4 → 255 = 2⁸ - 1 = 256 - 1 = 255

Hence, the correct answer is "1049".

The logic is:

Figures at odd position: Clockwise arrows increase by 2 units as we move along the series.

Figures at even position: Anti-clockwise arrows increase by 2 units as we move along the series.

Hence, 'option 1' is the correct answer.

1. ÷ and ×

Given equation: 14 + 12 × 18 ÷ 6 – 12 = 6

After interchanging the signs, the equation becomes:

L.H.S = 14 + 12 ÷ 18 × 6 – 12

= 14 + 0.67 × 6  - 1

= 14 + 4 – 12

= 18 – 12

= 6 = R.H.S

2. × and +

Given equation: 14 + 12 × 18 ÷ 6 – 12 = 6

After interchanging the signs, the equation becomes:

L.H.S = 14 × 12 + 18 ÷ 6 – 12

= 14 × 12 + 3 – 12

= 168 + 3 - 12

= 171 – 12

= 159 ≠ R.H.S

3. − and +

Given equation: 14 + 12 × 18 ÷ 6 – 12 = 6

After interchanging the signs, the equation becomes:

L.H.S = 14 - 12 × 18 ÷ 6 + 12

= 14 - 12 × 3 + 12

= 14 – 36 + 12

= 26 – 36

= -10 ≠ R.H.S

4. ÷ and –

Given equation: 14 + 12 × 18 ÷ 6 – 12 = 6

After interchanging the signs, the equation becomes:

L.H.S = 14 + 12 × 18 - 6 ÷ 12

= 14 + 12 × 18 - 0.5

= 14 + 216 – 0.5

= 230 – 0.5

= 229.5 ≠ R.H.S

Hence, ‘÷ and ×’ is the correct answer.

Given :- K O _ M C L _ Q M C M O _ M _ N O Q _ C

By checking options and substituting accordingly.

1. Q, O, C, Q, M → K O Q M C / L O Q M C / M O C M Q / N O Q M C
2. Q, O, Q, C, M → K O Q M C / L O Q M C / M O Q M C / N O Q M C 

    ♦   Here 1st letter is increased by +1.

          ♦   K + 1 = L; L + 1 = M; M + 1 = N

3. M, O, Q, C, M → K O M M C / L O Q M C / M O Q M C / N O Q M C
4. M, O, Q, C, O → K O M M C / L O Q M C / M O Q M C / N O Q O C

    ♦ Option (2) gives a pattern of K O Q M C / L O Q M C / M O Q M C / N O Q M C.

Hence, ‘Q, O, Q, C, M’ is the correct answer.

 

P ÷ M × R – Z + Q → P is brother of M, M is sister of R, R is daughter of Z, Z is wife of Q.

By using the symbols in the table given below, we can draw the following family tree:

Clearly, P is son of Q.

Hence, ‘Son’ is the correct answer.

The paper when unfolded will appear as shown below:

Hence, ‘option 1’ is the correct answer.

The logic is:

1 × 1 + 1 = 1 + 1 = 2

2 × 2 + 2 = 4 + 2 = 6

6 × 3 + 3 = 18 + 3 = 21

21 × 4 + 4 = 84 + 4 = 88

88 × 5 + 5 = 440 + 5 = 445

Hence, ‘88’ is the correct answer.

The logic is: (2nd number + 3)² = 1st number.

256 : 13 → (13 + 3)² = 16² = 256

Similarly,

676 : ? → (23 + 3)² = 26² = 676

Hence, ‘23’ is the correct answer.

The Venn diagram that best represents the relationship between Saturn, Planet, and Cadminum is shown below:

Saturn is a Planet and Cadmium is a chemical element.  

Hence, ‘option 1’ is the correct answer.

When the paper is folded to form a cube, the faces opposite to each other is shown below:

 

Clearly, from the given options, R and O are the pairs of letters which will be on opposite sides.

Hence, ‘R and O’ is the correct answer.

The logic is:

The first number × 3 = second number

The first number × 11 = third number

(12, 36, 132) → 12 × 3 = 36; 12 × 11 = 132

Option 1: (22, 66, 242) → 22 × 3 = 66; 22 × 11 = 242

Option 2: (18, 54, 196) → 18 × 3 = 54; 18 × 11 = 198 ≠ 196

Option 3: (15, 45, 165) → 15 × 3 = 45; 15 × 11 = 165

Option 4: (19, 57, 209) → 19 × 3 = 57; 19 × 11 = 209

Thus, option 2 is not follow given logic.

Hence, ‘(18, 54, 198)’ is the correct answer.

The triangles in the question figure are as follows:

 

Hence, ‘15’ is the correct answer.

War leads to destruction. The outcome of war is destruction.

Similarly,

Cyclone causes devastation.

Hence, ‘Devastation’ is the correct answer.

The correct option that indicates the arrangement of the given words in the order in which they appear in an English dictionary is:

2. Cerebellum
3. Ceremonious
4. Certainty
5. Certificate
6. Cervical

Hence, ‘2, 4, 5, 1, 3’ is the correct answer.

The least possible Venn diagram is:          

Conclusions:

I. No dancer is an athlete. → False (As, No athlete is a singer and All singers are dancers → Some dancer are not athlete)  

II. Some singers are men. → False (As, Some men are athletes, No athlete is a singer and All singers are dancers → No singers are men)

III. Some men are dancers. → False (As, Some men are athletes, No athlete is a singer and All singers are dancers → Some men are not dancers)

Hence, none of the conclusions follow.

Given:

Two sides of a triangle = 12.8 m & 9.6 m 

Formula used:

Area of a triangle = 1/2 × Base × Height

Calculation:

Let the height of the corresponding side 12.8 m = h 

1/2 × 9.6 × 12 = 1/2 × 12.8 × h

⇒ (9.6 × 12)/12.8 = h 

⇒ h = 9 m 

∴ The height of the triangle corresponding to side with length 12.8 m long = 9 m

Given:

x4-14x2+1 = 0

Formula used:

(a + b)² = a² + b² + 2ab

(a + b)³ = a³ + b³ + 3ab(a + b)

Calculation:

x4 - 142x2 + 1 = 0

By dividing the equation by x²

⇒ x² - 142 + 1/x² = 0 

⇒ x2 + 1/x2 = 142

By adding 2 in both LHS & RHS

⇒ x2 + 1/x2 + 2 = 142 + 2

⇒ (x + 1/x)² = 144

⇒ (x + 1/x) = √144 = 12 

By Cubing both sides

⇒ (x + 1/x)³ = 12³

⇒ x³ + 1/x³ + 3 × x × 1/x (x + 1/x)  = 1728

⇒ x3 + 1/x3 = 1728 - 3 × (x + 1/x) = 1728 - 3 × 12 

⇒ 1728 - 36 = 1692

∴  x3 + 1/x3 = 1692

Alternate MethodIf (x² + 1/x²) = a; then (x + 1/x) = √(a + 2) = k 

If (x + 1/x) = k; then (x3 + 1/x3) = k³ - 3k

⇒ If x2 + 1/x2 = 142; then (x + 1/x) = √(142 + 2) = 12

∴ If (x + 1/x) = 12; then (x3 + 1/x3) = 123 - 3 × 12 = 1692

Given:

Total export of sugar in 2016 = 270

Total export of sugar in 2017 = 360

Total export of sugar in 2019 = 380

Total production in 2015 = 320 

Total production in 2018 = 440 

Calculation:

80% of the total export of sugar in 2016, 2017, and 2019 = 80/100 × (270 + 360 + 380) 

⇒ 1010 × 4/5 = 808

Total production in 2015 & 2018 = (320 + 440) = 760

∴  The required percentage = (808 - 760)/760 × 100 = 6.3%

Given:

55% of voters are male.

40% of the male voters are literate.

$33\frac{1}{3}\%$ of the female voters are illiterate.

Literate female voters = 100% - $33\frac{1}{3}\%$ = $66\frac{2}{3}\%$

Calculation:

Let the total voters be 100%

⇒ Male voters = 55% 

⇒ Female voters = 100% - 55% = 45% 

Literate male voters = 55% × 40/100 = 22%

Literate female voters = 45% × $66\frac{2}{3}\%$ = 30%

∴ Total literate voters = 22% + 30% = 52%

Given:

Ratio of acid and water = 4 : 5

Calculation:

Let the total solution be 90 units, 

Amount of acid = 90 × 4/9 = 40 units 

Amount of water = 90 × 5/9 = 50 units 

20% of the total solution is taken out = 90 × 20/100 = 18 units 

Acid and water will be taken out in 4 : 5 

⇒ Remaining amount of acid = 40 - 18 × 4/9 = 32

⇒ Remaining amount of water = 50 - 18 × 5/9 = 40

The amount taken out is replaced with water; 

So, new quantity of water = 40 +  18 = 58 

∴ The ratio of acid and water in the new solution = 32 : 58 

⇒ 16 : 29

Given:

In ∆ ABC, ∠B = 90°, AB = 8 cm and BC = 15 cm

AD is the angle bisector of ∠A

Concept:

Angle Bisector Theorem = The angle bisector of any angle will divide the opposite side in the ratio of the sides containing the angle. 

Here, BD/DC = AB/AC

Calculation:

By Pythagoras Theorem

AB² + BC² = AC²

⇒ 8² + 15² = AC²

⇒ AC = √289 = 17 cm.

Now, BD/DC = AB/AC

⇒ BD/DC = 8/17

⇒ BD + DC = 8x + 17x = 25x 

⇒ BD = 15 cm × 8x/25x

∴ BD = 4.8 cm

Given:

a2 + b2 = 25, x2 + y2 = 17, ax + by = 8 

Formulas used:

(a + b)² = a² + b² + 2ab

(a - b)² = a2 + b2 - 2ab

(ax + by)² + (ay - bx)² = (a2 + b2) × ( x2 + y2)

Calculation:

By using the above formula; 

(ax + by)2 + (ay - bx)2 = (a2 + b2) × ( x2 + y2)

⇒ 8² + (ay - bx)2 = 25 × 17

⇒  (ay - bx)2 = 425 - 64 = 361

⇒ (ay - bx) = √361 = 19 

∴  (ay - bx) = 19

Given:

Marked Price (MP) of the article = Rs.1000 

Selling Price (SP) of the article = Rs.600

First discount = x% 

Second discount = 25%

Formula used:

Discount = MP - SP 

SP after discount = MP × (100 - Discount%)/100

Calculation:

SP of the article after the first discount = 1000 × (100 - x)/100 = 10 × (100 - x) 

SP of the article after the second discount = 10 × (100 - x) × (100 - 25)/100 

⇒ 10 × (100 - x) × 75/100 = 600 

⇒ (100 - x) = 600 × 100/75 × 1/10 

⇒ 100 - x = 80 

⇒ x = 20

∴ The first discount percent = 20%

Alternate Method Formulas used:

Discount rate = Discount/MP × 100 

Also, x + y -xy/100 

Second discount = 25%

Total Discount = 1000 - 600 = 400 

Effective rate of discount = 400/1000 × 100 

⇒ 40% 

Effective rate of discount = x + y - xy/100 

⇒ x + 25% - x × 25/100 

⇒ 40% =  x + 25% - x/4 

⇒ 15% = x - x/4 

⇒ 15% = 3x/4 

⇒ x = 15% × 4/3 = 20%

Given:

${o^o} < θ < {90^o}$

Concept:

(a² - b²) = (a + b)(a - b)

sin²θ + cos²θ = 1

Calculation:

$\frac{{\left( {1 - \sinθ } \right)\left( {\secθ + \tanθ } \right)\tanθ }}{{\left( {\tanθ + \secθ + 1} \right)\left( {\cotθ - \text{cosec} \ θ + 1} \right)}}$

⇒ [(1 - sinθ)(1/cosθ + sinθ/cosθ) × sinθ/cosθ ] ÷ [(sinθ/cosθ + 1/cosθ + 1)(cosθ/sinθ - 1/sinθ + 1)]

⇒ [(1 - sinθ) × (1 + sinθ)/cosθ × sinθ/cosθ] ÷ [(sinθ+ cosθ + 1)/cosθ × (sinθ+ cosθ - 1)/sinθ]

⇒ [(1² - sin²θ)/cosθ × sinθ/cosθ] ÷ [(sinθ+ cosθ)² - 1²)/(sinθ × cosθ)] 

⇒ [cos2θ/cosθ× sinθ/cosθ] ÷ [(sin²θ + cos²θ + 2sinθcosθ - 1)/(sinθ × cosθ)]  

⇒ sinθ ÷ [(1 +  2sinθcosθ - 1)/(sinθ × cosθ)]

⇒ sinθ ÷ [2sinθcosθ/(sinθ × cosθ] 

⇒ sinθ ÷ 2

∴ $\frac{{\left( {1 - \sinθ } \right)\left( {\secθ + \tanθ } \right)\tanθ }}{{\left( {\tanθ + \secθ + 1} \right)\left( {\cotθ - \text{cosec} \ θ + 1} \right)}}$ = sinθ/2

Alternate Method By Value Putting Method

For θ = 30° 

LHS: $\frac{{\left( {1 - \sinθ } \right)\left( {\secθ + \tanθ } \right)\tanθ }}{{\left( {\tanθ + \secθ + 1} \right)\left( {\cotθ - \text{cosec} \ θ + 1} \right)}}$

⇒ [(1 - 1/2)(2/√3 + 1/√3) ×  1/√3] ÷ [(1/√3 + 2/√3 + 1)(√3 - 2 + 1)] 

⇒ [1/2 × √3 × 1/√3] ÷ [(√3 + 1)(√3 - 1)]

⇒ 1/2 ÷ (3 - 1)

⇒ 1/2 ÷ 2 

⇒ 1/4

RHS: sinθ/2

⇒ 1/2 ÷ 2 

⇒ 1/4 

∴ LHS = RHS

Given:

(2x + y)3 - (x + 2y)3 = (x - y) [A(x2 + y2) + Bxy]

Formula used:

(a + b)³ = a³ + b³ + 3ab(a + b)

Calculation:

(2x + y)3 - (x + 2y)3 = (x - y) [A(x2 + y2) + Bxy]

⇒ (2x)³ + y³ + 3 × 2x × y(2x + y) - (x)3 - (2y)³ - 3 × x × 2y (x + 2y) = (x - y) [Ax2 + Ay2 + Bxy]

⇒ 8x³ + y3 + 12x²y + 6xy² - x³ - 8y³ - 6x2y - 12xy² = [Ax3 + Axy²+ Bx²y - Ax²y - Ay3 - Bxy2]

⇒ 7x3 - 7y3 + 6x2y - 6xy2 = Ax3 - Ay3 + (B - A)x2y + (A - B)xy2

By comparison on LHS and RHS

⇒ A = 7, (B - A) = 6, (A - B) = - 6

⇒ (B - 7) = 6 

⇒ B = 13

∴  (2A - B) = (2 × 7 - 13)  

⇒ 1

Shortcut Trick (2x + y)3 - (x + 2y)3 = (x - y) [A(x2 + y2) + Bxy]

Put  x = 0,  in above eqn  then A = 7

Put x = 1, y = -1  then B = 13

value of (2A - B) = 2 × 7 - 13

∴  (2A - B) = 1.

Given:

Cost price each egg = Rs.1.40 

Selling price each egg = Rs.1.60 

Formula used:

Loss = Cost price - Selling price 

Loss percent = Loss/Cost price × 100

Calculation:

Cost price of 40 dozen eggs = 12 × 40 × 1.40 = 672 

Cost price of 80 eggs = 80 × 1.40 = 112

Cost price of 400 eggs = 400 × 1.40 = 560

Selling price of the remaining (480 - 80) eggs  = 400 × 1.60 = 640

Loss = Cost price - Selling price 

Cost price of 80 eggs that were broken in transportation will be treated as a loss. 

Loss = (560 + 112) - 640 = 32

Loss percent = 32/672 × 100 = $4\frac{{16}}{{21}}$% 

∴ The required loss percent is $4\frac{{16}}{{21}}$%

Given:

tan $A=\frac{{1.1}}{{6}}$

⇒ tan A = 11/60

Formulas used:

tan A = Perpendicular/Base, where A is an acute angle

Pythagoras Theorem 

In triangle xyz, xz = Hypotenuse

(xz)² = (xy)² + (yz)²

Calculation:

(xz)² = 11² + 60² 

⇒ xz = √3721 = 61 

Now,  (4cos A - 7sin A) 

⇒ 4 × B/H - 7 × P/H 

⇒ 4 × 60/61 - 7 × 11/61 

⇒ 240/61 - 77/61 = 163/61 

⇒ $2\frac{{41}}{{61}}$

∴ (4cos A - 7sin A) = $2\frac{{41}}{{61}}$

Concept:

Follow BODMAS rule to solve this question, as per the order given below, 

Calculation:

$\frac{{96 ÷ 16;of;2 - 128 × 2 ÷ 32 + 15of;4}}{{\frac{5}{6}of;\frac{2}{3}\left( {\frac{1}{3} - \overline {\frac{1}{4} - \frac{1}{6}} } \right)}}$

⇒ [96/(16 × 2) - 128 × 2/32 + 15 × 4] ÷ 5/6 × 2/3 × [1/3 - (1/4 - 1/6)] 

⇒ [96/32 - 128 × 1/16 + 60] ÷ 5/6 × 2/3 × [(1/3 - 1/12)]

⇒ [3 - 8 + 60] ÷ 5/9 × 1/4 

⇒ 55 ÷ 5/36

⇒ 55 × 36/5 

⇒ 11 × 36 

⇒ 396

∴ The value of  $\frac{{96 ÷ 16;of;2 - 128 × 2 ÷ 32 + 15of;4}}{{\frac{5}{6}of;\frac{2}{3}\left( {\frac{1}{3} - \overline {\frac{1}{4} - \frac{1}{6}} } \right)}}$ is 396.

Given:

Days taken by A = 80 

Days taken by B = 96 

Days taken by A, B and C together = 32 

Formula used:

No of days taken = Work/ Efficiency per day 

Calculation:

Let the total work be = 1 

Work done be A per day = 1/80 

Work done by B per day = 1/96 

Work done by A, B and C per day = 1/32 

⇒ Work done by only C per day = 1/32 - 1/80 - 1/96 

⇒ (15 - 6 - 5)/480 = 4/480 

⇒ 1/120 

No of days taken by C = 1 ÷ 1/120 = 120 

∴ C will take 120 days to complete the entire work alone. 

Alternate Method By LCM Method 

Let the total work be the LCM of 80, 96 and 32 as the common multiple. 

Work done by C in one day = 15 - 6 - 5 = 4 

∴ No of days taken by C alone = 480/4 = 120

Given:

When a number is divided by 624, the remainder will be 53. 

Formula used:

Dividend = Divisor × Quotient + Remainder 

Calculation:

Let the number be = N 

⇒N/624, Remainder = 53

If N is completely divisible by 624 then N is also divisible by 16

⇒ so the answer depends on the remainder only

⇒ 53/16 = 5 remainder

∴ The required remainder = 5

Given:

Average age of 125 students = 16.2 years 

Percentage of boys = 40% = 125 × 2/5 = 50 

Percentage of girls = 60% = 125 × 3/5 = 75 

Formula used:

Average age of a group of students = Total age ÷ No of students 

Calculation:

Let the average age of girls = y years 

⇒ Average age of boys = y × 120% = 6y/5 years 

Now As per the question

75 × y + 50 × 6y/5 = 16.2 × 125 

⇒ 75y + 60y = 2025

⇒ y = 15 

⇒ 6y/5 = 15 × 6/5 = 18 

∴ Average age of boys = 18 years

Alternate MethodBy Ratio Method

Let the average age of girls = 5y

20% in fraction means 1/5 

⇒ Average age of boys = 1 + 5 = 6y 

Ratio of the number of boys and girls = 40% : 60% 

⇒ 2 : 3

(5y × 3 + 6y × 2)÷ 5 = 16.2 years 

⇒ 15y + 12y = 81 

⇒ 27y = 81 

⇒ y = 3 

∴ 6y = 6 × 3 = 18 years

Given:

AB = Diameter 

ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral & ∠ADC = 118o

Concept:

Angle made in a semicircle is a right angle. 

The sum of the opposite angles in a cyclic quadrilateral is 180° 

Calculation:

∠ADC + ∠ABC = 180° [Supplementry angles]

⇒ 118° + ∠ABC = 180°

⇒ ∠ABC = 180° - 118° = 62° 

In triangle ABC, ∠A + ∠B + ∠C = 180° [angle sum property] 

⇒ ∠A + 62° + 90° = 180° 

⇒ ∠A =  180° - 152° = 28° 

∴ ∠BAC = 28°

Given:

Rs. 2,432 amounts to Rs.2,681.28 in 2 years 

Formulas used:

When the interest is compounded annually 

A = P (1 + r/100)n

Simple interest = P × R/100 × Time 

Calculation:

A = P (1 + r/100)ⁿ

⇒ 2681.28 = 2432 (1 + r/100)²

⇒ 2681.28/2432 = [(100 + r)/100]²

⇒ 441/400 = [(100 + r)/100]2

√441/400 = (100 + r)/100

⇒ 21/20 = (100 + r)/100

⇒ 105 = 100 + r 

⇒ r = 5%

Simple Interest on Rs.2432 at 10% p.a. for $4\frac{3}{8}$ years. 

⇒ SI = 2432 × 10/100 × 35/8 

∴ Simple interest = Rs.1064

Given:

Area of the square that is bent to form a circle = 169 cm2 

Formulas used:

The perimeter of the square with side a = 4a

Area of the square with side a = a²

The perimeter of the circle with radius r = 2πr

The area of the circle with radius r = πr²

Calculation:

Area of the square =  a2 

⇒  a2 = 169 

⇒ a = ± 13 

Side of the square = 13 cm 

When a wire is bent to form a square and then a circle, the perimeter of both the figures will be equal. 

4a = 2πr 

⇒ 4 × 13 = 2 × 22/7 × r 

⇒ r = (13 × 7)/ 11 

Area of the circle = πr2 

⇒ 22/7 × (13 × 7)/ 11 × (13 × 7)/ 11 

⇒ 2366/11 

⇒ 215.09 cm²

∴ Area of the circle = 215 cm² (nearest to a whole number)

Formula used:

Average Production = Sum of the production  ÷ No of years 

Calculation:

Average production of the years 2002 & 2003 = (35 + 55)/2 = 45 (10000 tonnes)

Average production of the years 2004 & 2006 = (40 + 45)/2 = 42.5 (10000 tonnes)

Average production of the years 2001 & 2007 = (20 + 70)/2 = 45 (10000 tonnes)

Average production of the years 2004 & 2007 = (40 + 70)/2 = 55 (10000 tonnes)

Average production of the years 2006 & 2008 = (45 + 75)/2 = 60 (10000 tonnes)

∴ The average production of the years 2002 & 2003 is equal to that of 2001 & 2007.

Given:

Cube of side 20 cm is recast into a cuboid of length and breadth 40cm respectively. 

Formulas used:

Volume of cube = (side)³ 

Volume of cuboid = l × b × h 

Diagonal of cuboid = √ l² + b² + h²

Calculation:

Volume of cube = Volume of cuboid 

⇒ 20 × 20 × 20 = 40 × 40 × h

⇒ h = (20 × 20 × 20) ÷ (40 × 40)

⇒ h = 5 cm 

Diagonal of the cuboid = √ 40² + 40² + 5²

⇒ √ 1600 + 1600 + 25 = √ 3225

⇒ 5√129 cm

∴ The diagonal of the cuboid = 5√129 cm

Formula used:

Average consumption = Sum of the consumption ÷ No of years

Calculation:

Average Consumption of tea of state A over 6 years = (112 + 122 + 124 + 132 + 135 + 153) ÷ 6 

⇒ 778 ÷ 6 = 129.67 (Hundred tones) 

Going by the options:

Consumption of state C in 2016 = 142 (Hundred tones) 

Consumption of state B in 2014 = 130 (Hundred tones) 

Consumption of state E in 2019 = 187 (Hundred tones) 

Consumption of state D in 2018 = 151 (Hundred tones) 

∴ By observation, the average consumption of tea of state A (129.67)  is closest to the consumption of tea of state B in 2014 (130).

Formula used:

Percentage increase/decrease = (Increase/Decrease)÷ Sales turnover of the base year × 100 

Calculation:

The following calculations are done of the percentage increase or decrease of 5 companies from 2014-2015 to 2015-2016.

Percentage increase of the sales turnover of company A = (1250 - 1060) ÷ 1060 × 100 =  17.92%

Percentage increase of the sales turnover of company B = (1125 - 954) ÷ 954 × 100 = 17.92%

Percentage increase of the sales turnover of company C = (900 - 850) ÷ 850 × 100 = 5.88%

Percentage increase of the sales turnover of company D = (1220 - 1360) ÷ 1360 × 100 = - 10.29%

Percentage increase of the sales turnover of company E = (1290 - 1080) ÷ 1080 × 100 = 19.44%

∴ Company A and B have the same percentage increase in the sales turnover from 2014-2015 to 2015-2016.

Given:

Distance = 360 km 

Formula used:

Time = Distance/Speed 

Calculation:

Let the speed of train A = a 

Let the speed of train B = b 

As per the question; 

360/a - 360/b = 9/5 hours 

⇒ 1/a - 1/b = 1/200          (1)

360/b - 360/2a = 36/60 hours 

⇒ 1/b - 1/2a = 1/600        (2)

By (1) ÷ 2 and then (1) + (2) 

⇒ 1/2a - 1/2b + 1/b - 1/2a = 1/400 + 1/600 

⇒ 1/2b = 5/1200 

⇒ b = 120 

∴ The speed of train B = 120 km/hr

Alternate MethodRatio Method:

According to the question

The ratio of Speed of A = 1(original speed) : 2(New speed)

The ratio of time of A =  2 : 1 (as this is reverse of speed)

A takes 108 mins more time than B and in the second case, it will take 36 mins less than B if the speed is doubled.

Then add the time i.e.= 108 + 36= 144 mins

This time is the difference between the original time and the new time 

⇒ 2x - x = 144

⇒ x = 144

Then the original time is taken by A is = 288 mins

According to the question, A takes 108 mins more than B.

⇒ A= 108 + B

⇒ 288 = 108 + B

The time is taken by B = 180 mins

3 hours Distance covered by B = 360 km time taken by B

⇒ 3 hours Then, the speed of B

⇒ 120 km/hr

Shortcut Trick

In a 30°-60°-90° triangle, the side ratios are 1 : √3 : 2.

Distance from base (√3 part) = 6√3 m ⇒ 1 unit = 6 m.

Height of broken part (1 unit) = 6 m and Hypotenuse (2 units) = 12 m.

Total height of vertical pole = 6 + 12 = 18 m.

∴ The correct answer is 18 m.

Alternate Method

Given: Distance BC = 6√3 m, Angle of elevation θ = 30°.

Formula Used: tan θ = Perpendicular/Base; cos θ = Base/Hypotenuse.

⇒ In triangle ABC, tan 30° = AB / BC

⇒ 1/√3 = AB / 6√3

⇒ AB = 6 m (Height of standing part)

⇒ cos 30° = BC / AC

⇒ √3/2 = 6√3 / AC

⇒ AC = 12 m (Length of broken part)

⇒ Total height of pole = AB + AC = 6 + 12 = 18 m.

∴ The correct answer is 18 m.

Additional Information

Trigonometric Ratios

Common values: tan 30° = 1/√3, tan 45° = 1, tan 60° = √3.

Height and Distance

The total height of a broken object is the sum of the vertical segment and the slant hypotenuse segment.

Standard Triangle Proportions

For a 30° angle, the ratio of Height : Base : Hypotenuse is always 1 : √3 : 2.

The correct answer is Karnataka.

Key Points

• Hoysaleswara temple is also referred simply to as the Halebidu temple.
• It is a 12th-century Hindu temple dedicated to Shiva.
• Hoysaleswara architecture is the Hindu temple architecture which got developed in the region of Karnataka near Mysore.
• It was built between 1121 AD and 1160 AD in the region of Halebid, then known as Dorasamudra, which was the capital of the Hoysalas.
• It was built on the banks of a large man-made lake.
• It is famous for sculptures and architecture from the Hoysala period.
• It was also built during the reign of Vishnuvardhana.
• The temple is Dwikuta, which means two temples called "Hoysaleshwar" and "Shantleeshwar".
• Shantala was the queen of Vishnuvardhana.
• It was built to compete with the Chennakeshava temple which was under construction as a Vaishnava temple.
• Hoysaleshwara Temple is surrounded by ponds, mandapas and lakes.

Additional Information

• The Hoysala Empire and its capital Dorasamudra were invaded, plundered, and destroyed in the early 14th century by the Delhi Sultanate armies of Alauddin Khilji.
• The Hoysala was built around 1500 temples at 958 centers between 1000 AD to 1346 AD.
• The finest temples were commissioned during the times of Vishnuvardhana.
• The Hoysala temple architecture was heavily influenced by the Western Chalukyas, Cholas as well as Pallavas, though there was a departure from the Chalukyan style.

The correct answer is Naomi Osaka.

• Japanese tennis star Naomi Osaka, 22, has become the world's highest-paid female athlete.

Key Points

• According to Forbes, Osaka is ranked 29th among the 100 highest-paid athletes, while Venus Williams is ranked 33rd.
• Naomi Osaka was only one year old when Serena Williams won her first Grand Slam title in 1999.
• Nineteen years later, Osaka won her first Grand Slam, defeating Williams in the final of the US Open.
• Osaka earned $37.4 million in prize money and advertising over the past 12 months,$1.4 million more than Williams.
• The winner of the 2018 US Open and the 2019 Australian Open, Osaka has secured lucrative deals with global brands such as Procter & Gamble, All Nippon Airways and Nissin.
• Osaka has played in the main draw of the US Open four times.

Additional Information

• Sharapova was No. 1 from 2011-15, with Williams sitting atop the list from 2016-19.
• Maria Sharapova previously held the record with $29.7 million in 2015.
• Forbes is an American business magazine owned by Integrated Whale Media Investments and the Forbes family. 
• Its headquarters is located in Jersey City, New Jersey.
• Forbes also reports on related subjects such as technology, communications, science, politics, and law.
• Forbes has an international edition in Asia as well as editions produced under license in 27 countries and regions worldwide.

The correct answer is 27.

Key Points

• The human hand is made up of 27 bones, which fall into specific "categories".
• The human hand usually has five digits: four fingers and a thumb.
• The hand is made up of many different bones, muscles, and ligaments that allow for a large amount of range of motion and dexterity.
• The bones of the hand provide support and flexibility to the soft tissues.
• There are 3 major types of bones in the hand which can be divided into three categories:
• Carpal bones (proximal) - 8 bones that make up the wrist.
• The 2 rows of carpal bones are attached to the 2 bones of the hand - the ulna bone and the radius bone.
• Metacarpals - 5 bones that make up the middle part of the hand.
• Phalanges (distal) - 14 bones found in the fingers of each hand and also in the toes of each toe.
• Each finger has 3 phalanges (distal, middle and proximal); The thumb has only 2.

Additional Information

• Many muscles, ligaments, tendons, and sheaths can be found within the hand.
• Muscles are structures that can contract, allowing movement of the bones in the hand.
• Ligaments are fibrous tissue that helps bind the joints in the hand together.
• Sheaths are tubular structures that surround part of the fingers.
• Tendons connect the muscles of the hand or arm to the bone to allow movement.
• There are 54 bones in both arm.

The correct answer is Sleepwalking.

Key Points

• Parasomnia is a sleep disorder that causes abnormal behavior while falling asleep.
• The behavior can occur during any phase of sleep, including the transition from waking to sleep and vice versa.
• If you have parasomnia, you may move around, talk, or do unusual things during sleep.
• Examples - sleep terrors, sleepwalking, nightmare disorders, sleep-related eating disorders and sleep paralysis.
• Parasomnias are more common during childhood and become less frequent during adulthood.
• There are two general stages of sleep:
• Non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM), rapid eye movement sleep (REM)
• If the person loses their balance or collides with other objects, sleepwalking can also result in injury.

Additional Information

• ​Seasickness:
• Motion sickness occurs when your brain can’t make sense of information sent from your eyes, ears, and body.
• Lots of motion — in a car, airplane, boat, or even an amusement park ride.
• Your brain receives signals from motion-sensing parts of your body When these parts send conflicting information, your brain doesn’t know whether you’re stationary or moving.
• Your brain’s confused reaction makes you feel sick.
• Night blindness:
• This is a type of vision loss also known as nyctalopia.
• People with night blindness experience poor vision at night or in low-light environments.
• Night blindness is a symptom of some underlying conditions, which can have many causes.
• Myopia, Glaucoma drugs that constrict the pupil, Diabetes, Vitamin A deficiency, Retinitis pigmentosa.
• Stammering:
• It is a neurological condition that makes speaking physically difficult.
• Someone who stammers will repeat, prolong, or get stuck on sounds or words.
• There may also be signs of visual stress as the person struggles to get the word out.
• Stuttering usually appears in childhood as a symptom that the brain's pathways for speech are not being wired normally.

The correct answer is Khuallam.

Key Points

• During a special occasion called Khuangchawi, the Khuallam dance is performed by the local performers of Mizoram.
• The term Khuallam means dance of guests.
• people invited to view the performance are often seen dancing while coming inside the respective venue.
• Puandum is the traditional costume which is worn by the Khuallam dancers.
• Handwoven Mizo cloth known as Puandum is wrapped over the shoulders and the dance is performed by swaying the cloth.
• The unique trait of Khuallam dance lies in the use of gongs.
• Locally known as Darbu these gongs accompany the steps of the Khuallam dancers rhythmically.
• Another interesting fact associated with the Khuallam dance of Mizoram is that this one does not involve any kind of vocal song.
• As a part of the cultural richness of Mizoram, Khuallam captivates the imagination of not only the local inhabitants but also the tourists.

Additional Information

• Cheraw Dance: 
• Cheraw Dance in Mizoram is characterized by the use of bamboo staves which are kept in the cross and horizontal forms on the ground.
• While the male dancers move these bamboo staves in rhythmic beats, the female dancers perform by stepping in and out of the bamboo blocks.
• Recognized as one of the oldest dances of Mizoram, Cheraw has become an integral part of almost every festival of Mizoram.
• Cheraw Dance was performed with the hope of providing solace to the soul of a deceased mother who had left her newborn child on earth.
• Chailam :
• Chailam is a very popular form of dance in the state of Mizoram.
• This form of dance is performed on 'Chapchar Kut', which is one of the most significant festivals of the people of Mizoram.
• While performing the dance form of Chailam, the men and women dancers stand alternatively.
• They form a circle and the women hold the waist of the man, and the man, in turn, clutches the shoulder of a woman.
• The band of musicians playing the drums and the Mithun's horn stands in the middle of the circle of dancers.
• The four versions of the dance are Chai Lamthai I, Chai Lamthai II, Chai Lamthai III and Chai Lamthai IV.
• Solakia :
• Solakia dance was to be performed mainly by the people of the Maras and Pawi communities of Mizoram.
• They remain the best exponents of the dance to date.
• Like Rallu-Lam, Solakia was also performed in earlier times to celebrate a victory in war.
• Marked with five principal movements, the dance seeks to recapture the actions of a hero at war.
• Men and women stand in profile, while the hero, brandishing a sword and a shield, dances in the middle to the accompaniment of the gong beats.

The correct answer is Satopanth.

Key Points

• The source of the Alaknanda River is the confluence of Satopanth Glacier and Bhagirathi Kharak Glacier.
• The Alaknanda is a Himalayan river in the Indian state of Uttarakhand and one of the two headstreams of the Ganges, the major river of Northern India, and the holy river of Hinduism.
• In hydrology, the Alaknanda is considered the source stream of the Ganges on account of its greater length and discharge; however, in Hindu tradition and culture, the other headstream, the Bhagirathi, is considered the source stream.
• The five main tributaries joining with Alaknanda in order include Dhauliganga, Nandakini, Pindar, Mandakini, and Bhagirathi all rising in the northern mountainous regions of Uttarakhand.
• After the last tributary merging at Devprayag the river is known as the Ganges. The Alaknanda contributes a significantly larger portion to the flow of the Ganges than the Bhagirathi.

Additional Information

• Zemu Glacier is the largest glacier in the Eastern Himalaya.
• It is about 26 kilometres in length and is located at the base of Kangchenjunga in the Himalayan region of Sikkim, India. The Zemu Glacier drains the east side of Kanchenjunga, the world's third-highest mountain.
• Siachin is the largest glacier.
• Siachen Glacier, one of the world's longest mountain glaciers, lying in the Karakoram Range system of Kashmir near the India–Pakistan border, extending for 70 km from north-northwest to south-southeast.
• Siachen glacier, located in the eastern Karakoram Range in the Himalayas.
• It is one of the five largest glaciers in the Karakoram, situated at an average altitude of 18,000 ft above sea level.
• At 78 km long, it is the longest glacier in the Karakoram and second longest in the world's non-polar areas.

The correct answer is Joystick.

Key Points

• A joystick is an input device consisting of a stick that pivots on a base and reports its angle or direction to the device it is controlling.
• A joystick, also known as the control column, is the principal control device in the cockpit of many civilian and military aircraft, either as a center stick or side-stick. It often has supplementary switches to control various aspects of the aircraft's flight.
• Joysticks are often used to control video games, and usually have one or more push-buttons whose state can also be read by the computer.
• A popular variation of the joystick used on modern video game consoles is the analog stick. Joysticks are also used for controlling machines such as cranes, trucks, underwater unmanned vehicles, wheelchairs, surveillance cameras, and zero-turning radius lawnmowers.

Additional Information

• Server
• ​A server is a computer or system that provides resources, data, services, or programs to other computers, known as clients, over a network.
• In theory, whenever computers share resources with client machines they are considered servers.
• There are many types of servers, including web servers, mail servers, and virtual servers.
• Modem
• A modulator-demodulator, or simply a modem, is a hardware device that converts data from a digital format, intended for communication directly between devices with specialized wiring, into one suitable for a transmission medium such as telephone lines or radio.
• A modem modulates one or more carrier wave signals to encode digital information for transmission and demodulates signals to decode the transmitted information. The goal is to produce a signal that can be transmitted easily and decoded reliably to reproduce the original digital data.