SSC CHSL 2020 Official Paper 9 (Held On: 15 April 2021 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is 'CBAD'

Key Points

• By reading the given lines, we can interpret that the speaker is talking about the answer sheet and the questions which are given in the examination.
• The opening sentence will be C- In this sentence, the speaker explains that the question has four options and it is marked with the numeric value.
• The next sentence will be B- In this sentence, the speaker explains that we need to select the options by marking the numeric value.
• The next sentence will be A- In this sentence, the speaker explains that we need to encircle the correct answer again the question number.
• The next sentence will be D- In this sentence, the speaker explains how the incorrect question is counted.

Hence, the correct sequence is- CBAD i.e. Option 3.

The correct answer is 'eligible'.

Key Points

• Let's explore the options:
• Entitled​: feeling that you have the right to do or have what you want without having to work for it or deserve it, just because of who you are (यह महसूस करना कि आपको उसके लिए काम करने या उसके लायक होने के बिना वह करने का अधिकार है या जो आप चाहते हैं, सिर्फ इसलिए कि आप कौन हैं)
• Illegible: (of writing or print) impossible or almost impossible to read because of being very untidy or not clear ((लिखने या छापने का) बहुत गन्दा या स्पष्ट न होने के कारण पढ़ना असंभव या लगभग असंभव है)
• Eligible​: having the necessary qualities or satisfying the necessary conditions (आवश्यक गुण होना या आवश्यक शर्तों को पूरा करना)
• Legible: Legible writing or print can be read easily (सुपाठ्य लेखन या प्रिंट आसानी से पढ़ा जा सकता है)
• According to the above meanings 'eligible' will be used to make the sentence meaningful.
• Thus, option 3 will be the correct answer.

 

Hence, the correct sentence is: All the eligible candidates who take the test will receive scorecards.

The correct answer is 'tolerent'.

Key Points 

• Let us explore the options:-
• 'Business' means a person's regular occupation, profession, or trade. (किसी व्यक्ति का नियमित व्यवसाय, पेशा या व्यापार)
• 'Tolerent**':** There is no such word in English or we can say that there is some spelling mistake in this word.
• ​The correct spelling is 'tolerant' which means showing a willingness to allow the existence of opinions or behavior that one does not necessarily agree with. (राय या व्यवहार के अस्तित्व की अनुमति देने की इच्छा दिखा रहा है जो जरूरी नहीं कि इससे सहमत हो)
• 'Shield' means a large, flat object made of metal or leather that soldiers held in front of their bodies to protect themselves (धातु या चमड़े से बनी एक बड़ी, सपाट वस्तु जिसे सैनिक अपनी रक्षा के लिए अपने शरीर के सामने रखते थे)
• 'Seldom' means almost never (कभी-कभी)

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is - 'No substitution.' 

Key Points 

• In the given sentence the underlined phrase is grammatically correct.
• As the adverb (heavily) qualifies the verb (guarded).
• So no substitution will be required in this sentence.
• Thus option 1 is the correct answer.
  

The correct sentence is: The king's palace was heavily guarded during the riots. 

Additional Information

• Let's see the meaning of 'riots':
• The word riot is a noun and it means an occasion when a large number of people behave in a noisy, violent, and uncontrolled way in public, often as a protest.
• Example: Food protests and riots have erupted in more than 30 countries.
• The synonyms of the word riot are:
• Disturbance, Anarchy, Protest

The correct answer is- 'No substitution required'

Key Points 

• Here, the concept of prepositions is brought under consideration. Words like a senior, junior, prior, prefer, anterior, posterior, etc. take the preposition "to" with them.
• Hence, it is already mentioned in the given question there is no need for substitution.
• So, option 2 is the correct answer.

Additional Information 

• In the above-given sentence, 'to' is correct.
• It is so because "Some comparative adjectives are followed by 'to' and not 'than'.
• Some of them are 'Superior, Interior, posterior, exterior, junior, senior, prior, anterior, preferable, etc'.
• For Example:-
• He is a junior to me.
• Tea is preferable to coffee.

The correct answer is 'Opaque'.

Key Points 

• Transparent means '(of a material or article) allowing light to pass through so that objects behind can be distinctly seen.​' (किसी सामग्री या वस्तु का) प्रकाश को गुजरने देना ताकि पीछे की वस्तुओं को स्पष्ट रूप से देखा जा सके) 
• Ex: I think we should try to make the instructions more transparent.
• Marked option 'Opaque' means 'not able to be seen through; not transparent'. (के माध्यम से देखने में सक्षम नहीं; पारदर्शी नहीं)
• Ex: I find her poetry a little too opaque.
• It's clear that **'**Transparent' and 'Opaque' are opposite in meaning.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 3).

Additional Information

• Clear: easy to perceive, understand, or interpret. (समझने, समझने या व्याख्या करने में आसान)
• Superficial: (of a person) never thinking about things that are serious or important (किसी व्यक्ति का) कभी भी उन चीजों के बारे में नहीं सोचना जो गंभीर या महत्वपूर्ण हैं)
• Shy: nervous and uncomfortable with other people (अन्य लोगों के साथ घबराहट और असहज)

The correct answer is- 'Give a detailed plan or scheme' 

Key Points 

• The meaning of the given idiom is:
• Provide a blueprint means A blueprint for something is a plan or set of proposals that show how it is expected to work. (किसी चीज़ के लिए एक खाका एक योजना या प्रस्तावों का समूह है जो दर्शाता है कि यह कैसे काम करने की उम्मीद है)
• Example: The report provided a blueprint for relieving the county’s crowded jail facilities.
• By the above meaning and example, we can say that 'Give a detailed plan or scheme​' is the correct answer.

Hence option 1 is the appropriate answer.

The correct answer is- 'start planning again because earlier plans failed' 

Key Points 

• The meaning of the given idiom is:
• Go back to the drawing board means to start over the company went back to the drawing board to make a better product. (एक बेहतर उत्पाद बनाने के लिए)
• Example: My experiment was a failure, so I'm back to the drawing board.
• By the above meaning and example, we can say that 'start planning again because earlier plans failed​' is the correct answer.

Hence option 4 is the appropriate answer.

The correct answer is orphan.

Key Points 

Let's look at the meanings of all the options:

• Orphan: a child whose parents are dead (एक बच्चा जिसके माता-पिता मर चुके हैं)
• Abandoned: left in a particular place or condition, usually forever (किसी विशेष स्थान या स्थिति में छोड़ दिया जाता है, आमतौर पर हमेशा के लिए)
• Handicapped: not able to use part of your body or your mind because it has been damaged or does not work in the usual way. (अपने शरीर या दिमाग का उपयोग करने में सक्षम नहीं है क्योंकि यह क्षतिग्रस्त हो गया है या सामान्य तरीके से काम नहीं करता है)
• Beggar: a poor person who lives by asking others for money or food (एक गरीब व्यक्ति जो दूसरों से पैसे या भोजन मांगकर रहता है)

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As per the above explanation, it can be concluded that an Orphan is the one-word substitute for A child whose parents are dead.

The correct answer is 'Arbitrary'.

Key Points

• Let's look into the meanings of the given words:
• Arbitrary: Based on random choice or personal whim, rather than any reason or system.
• Unique: Being the only one of its kind; unlike anything else.
• Ordinary: With no special or distinctive features; normal.
• Extraordinary: Very unusual or remarkable.
• Out of these, only the word 'arbitrary' shows the intended meaning.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

Let's understand the word with the help of an example:

• The garden isn't planned at all - we tend to just plant things in an arbitrary way.

Hinglish

• आइए दिए गए शब्दों के अर्थ देखें:
• Arbitrary: किसी भी कारण या प्रणाली के बजाय यादृच्छिक पसंद या व्यक्तिगत इच्छा के आधार पर।
• Unique: अपनी तरह का अकेला होने के नाते; किसी और चीज के विपरीत।
• Ordinary: बिना किसी विशेष या विशिष्ट विशेषताओं के; सामान्य।
• Extraordinary: बहुत ही असामान्य या उल्लेखनीय।
• इनमें से केवल 'मनमाना' शब्द ही इच्छित अर्थ को दर्शाता है।
• अतः सही उत्तर option 1 है।

The correct answer is 'yourself'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate word to fill in the given blank is 'yourself'.
• When 'you' is the subject of a verb and refers to one person, we use 'yourself' as the object of the verb or of a preposition in the clause to refer to the same person.
• Example: You tell yourself everything's all right but you know it's not really.
• Therefore, by reading the above explanation we find that the correct answer is option 2.

Correct sentence: You are yourself responsible for the this condition.

The answer with incorrect spelling is 'Sckeemes'.

Key Points

• The correct spelling of the given word is 'Schemes'.
• The word 'scheme' refer to an officially organized plan or system.
• Example:
• *Under the current marking/mark scheme, you need 90 percent to get an A. (*वर्तमान अंकन/चिह्न योजना के तहत, आपको ए प्राप्त करने के लिए 90 प्रतिशत की आवश्यकता है।)
• *There's a new scheme in our town for recycling plastic bottles. (*हमारे शहर में प्लास्टिक की बोतलों के पुनर्चक्रण के लिए एक नई योजना है।)
  
• Synonyms: Arrangement, Master plan, Blueprint.
• Antonyms: Disorder, Disorganization.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

Hinglish

• दिए गए शब्द की सही वर्तनी 'Schemes' है।
• 'Schemes' शब्द एक आधिकारिक रूप से संगठित योजना या प्रणाली को संदर्भित करता है।
• अतः सही उत्तर option 4 है।

The correct answer is 'cleanse'.

Key Points

• The word 'contaminate' means to make (something) impure by exposure to or addition of a poisonous or polluting substance.
• Now let's look into the meanings of the given words:
• Cleanse: To make something completely clean.
• Convert: To (cause something or someone to) change in form or character.
• Disturb: To interrupt what someone is doing.
• Pollute: To make an area or substance, usually air, water, or soil, dirty or harmful to people, animals, and plants, especially by adding harmful chemicals.
• Therefore, by reading the meanings of the given words we can say that the word 'cleanse' is the antonym of 'contaminate'.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

Hinglish

• 'Contaminate' शब्द का अर्थ किसी जहरीले या प्रदूषणकारी पदार्थ के संपर्क में आने या मिलाने से (कुछ) अशुद्ध करना है।
• आइए अब दिए गए शब्दों के अर्थ देखें:
• Cleanse: किसी चीज को पूरी तरह से साफ करना।
• Convert: (किसी चीज या किसी के कारण) रूप या चरित्र में परिवर्तन।
• Disturb: कोई जो कर रहा है उसे बाधित करना।
• Pollute: एक क्षेत्र या पदार्थ बनाने के लिए, आमतौर पर हवा, पानी या मिट्टी, लोगों, जानवरों और पौधों के लिए गंदा या हानिकारक, विशेष रूप से हानिकारक रसायनों को जोड़कर।
• अतः दिए गए शब्दों के अर्थ को पढ़कर हम कह सकते हैं कि 'cleanse' शब्द 'contaminate' का antonym (विलोम) है।
• अतः सही उत्तर option 1 है।

The correct answer is 'teaches us'.

Key Points

• The error lies in the part 'teaches us' of the given sentence.
• The word 'teaches' is the 3rd person singular form of 'to teach'.
• The word 'teachers' is the given sentence is in plural form, hence, the correct word to be used here will be 'teach'.
• The word 'teach' means to impart knowledge to or instruct (someone) as to how to do something.
• Therefore, 'teaches us' must be replaced with 'teach us' to make the sentence grammatically correct.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

Correct sentence: All our teachers teach us very well but the mathematics teacher is the best.

The erroneous part is 'a bunch coriander leaves'.

Key Points

• The error lies in the part 'a bunch coriander leaves'.
• The preposition 'of' must be used before 'coriander leaves'.
• The preposition 'of' is used used after words or phrases expressing amount, number, or a particular unit, as in this case, 'a bunch'.
• Example:
• A kilo of apples.
• Hundreds of people.
• A drop of rain.
• A speck of dust.
• Therefore, the preposition 'of' must be used to make the sentence grammatically correct.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

Correct sentence: Please give me a kilo of potatoes, two kilos of tomatoes and a bunch of coriander leaves.

The correct answer is 'Feared'.

Key Points

• The word 'dreaded' means causing fear or worry.
• Example: As dawn breaks, another patrol heads out looking for the dreaded roadside bombs.
• Synonyms for the word 'dreaded' are "apprehended, feared, descried".
• The word 'feared' refers to an unpleasant emotion or thought that you have when you are frightened or worried by something dangerous, painful, or bad that is happening or might happen.
• Example: Trembling with fear, she handed over the money to the gunman.
• Thus, the word 'feared' is the most appropriate synonym of 'dreaded'.
• Hence, option 3 is the correct answer.

Hinglish

• 'Dreaded' शब्द का अर्थ है भय या चिंता पैदा करना।
• 'Feared' शब्द एक अप्रिय भावना या विचार को संदर्भित करता है जो आपके पास तब होता है जब आप किसी खतरनाक, दर्दनाक, या बुरी चीज से भयभीत या चिंतित होते हैं जो हो रहा है या हो सकता है।
• इस प्रकार 'feared' शब्द 'dreaded' का सर्वाधिक उपयुक्त synonym (पर्यायवाची) है।
• अत: option 3 सही उत्तर है।

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of the other words given in the options:-
• Fearless - showing a lack of fear. (निडर)
• Afraid - feeling fear or anxiety; frightened. (डरना)
• Proud - feeling deep pleasure or satisfaction as a result of one's own achievements, qualities, or possessions or those of someone with whom one is closely associated. (गर्व)

The correct answer is 'I told the bank manager that I had forgotten my account number'.

Key Points

• The given sentence is in direct speech. As per the question we have to change it into reported speech.
• The process of transformation is as follows:
• Here, in the given question 'said to' will be changed into 'told' because the reporting speech has an object.
• The conjunction 'that' will be added and comma and inverted commas will be removed.
• The Present Perfect Tense 'have forgotten' will be changed to Past Perfect Tense 'had forgotten'.
• First person pronouns (I, me, us, we, mine, our) in reported speech change into third person pronouns (he, she, it, they, him, his, her, hers, them, their, theirs), if the reporting verb refers to third person pronouns.
• But, they do not change if the reporting verb refers to first person pronouns (I), as in the given question.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 3.

Correct sentence: I told the bank manager that I had forgotten my account number.

The correct answer is- 'tyrant.'

Key Points 

• Let's understand the meaning of the given word:
• The word Dictator is a noun and it means a ruler who has complete power in a country and has not been elected by the people. (एक शासक जिसके पास देश में पूर्ण शक्ति है और लोगों द्वारा निर्वाचित नहीं किया गया है)
• Example: Hitler was the dictator of Germany.
• By this meaning and example, we can say that 'tyrant' is a similar word for 'Dictator.'

Thus option 4 is the correct answer.

Additional Information 

• Let's see the antonyms of the word 'Dictator'
• Employee, Follower, Worker
• The meaning of the other given options is:
• Tyrant: a ruler who has unlimited power over other people, and uses it unfairly and cruelly. (एक शासक जो अन्य लोगों पर असीमित शक्ति रखता है, और इसका गलत और क्रूरता से उपयोग करता है।)
• Commander: an officer in command of a military unit (एक सैन्य इकाई के कमांड में एक अधिकारी)
• Employee: A worker who is hired to perform a job (एक कर्मचारी जिसे नौकरी करने के लिए काम पर रखा जाता है)
• Follower: A person who accepts the leadership of another (वह व्यक्ति जो दूसरे के नेतृत्व को स्वीकार करता है)

The correct answer is- 'Students will be ferried to their colleges in special buses.'

Key Points 

• To change the given sentence into passive voice the object (students) will be used as the subject.
• And the verb (ferry) will be used in its past participle form 'ferried.'
• The helping verb (will) change to 'will be.'
• So the passive voice of the given sentence will be: Students will be ferried to their colleges in special buses.

Thus option 1 is the correct answer.

Additional Information 

• Let's understand the meaning of the word 'ferry.'
• The word ferry is a verb and it means to transport people or goods in a vehicle.
• Example: I spend most of my time ferrying the children around.

The correct answer is- 'BDCA.'

Key Points 

• To solve this para jumble let's first look for an opening sentence, which usually has a subject.
• So part B should be the first sentence as it introduces a theme.
• Part D will come next, as the pronoun 'They' refers to the noun 'successful people' mentioned in part B.
• Part C will come next, as it gives more details about the subject (successful people).
• Part A will come last as it introduces a different idea than the other three sentences.

Thus option 1 is the correct answer. 

Important Points    

• Here are some tips to solve the para jumbles:
• You need to understand the idea behind the paragraph. If you can understand the idea/theme of the paragraph it is easy to put the sentences in order then.
• You should look out for the starting or the concluding sentences in the question. Sometimes they are clearly visible and can help you immensely in identifying the correct sequence.
• You need to know the relationships between different sentences to put them in the right sequence.
• You should first fix the relationships of sentences, put them in order and then check the options.
• Transition words and contrasting words also help in finding clean relationships between sentences of the sentence rearrangement.
• Do not over depend on options, they only confuse you if you keep looking at them, use them as facilitators only, especially to fix your first sentence.
• The whole paragraph should have a coherent idea and flow when arranged in the correct order.

The correct answer is- 'organising.'

Key Points 

• The correct option to fill in the blanks is 'organising' as it completes the meaning of the sentence.
• Let's understand the meaning of the word organise:
• The word organise is a verb and it means to make arrangements for something to happen.
• Example: They organized a meeting between the teachers and students.
• So we can say that 'organising' is the most appropriate for this sentence.

Thus option 4 is the correct answer.

The complete passage is:- Whether you are returning from an overambitious trip to the supermarket or (1) organising purchases from the local farmers’ market, storing seasonal vegetables can be quite (2) a challenge. Finding space in the refrigerator for your green vegetables can be (3) quite worrisome. At the same time, you suffer from guilt pangs for (4) having gone overboard in the market. Well, you can store them (5) easily by simply chilling them - raw or cooked - and freezing them.

Additional Information 

• The synonyms of the word organise are:
• Establish, Form, Regulate
• Let's understand the meaning of the other options:
• Create - Bring into existence
• Attract - Direct toward oneself
• Missing - Not present or included

The correct answer is- 'a.'

Key Points 

• The correct option to fill in the blanks is 'a.'
• As we need an article before a noun (challenge) followed by an adverb (quite).
• Here the noun 'challenge' is not defined thus we option 4 is incorrect.
• So we can say that the article 'a' is the most appropriate for this sentence.

Thus option 1 is the correct answer. 

The complete passage is:- Whether you are returning from an overambitious trip to the supermarket or (1) organising purchases from the local farmers’ market, storing seasonal vegetables can be quite (2) a challenge. Finding space in the refrigerator for your green vegetables can be (3) quite worrisome. At the same time, you suffer from guilt pangs for (4) having gone overboard in the market. Well, you can store them (5) easily by simply chilling them - raw or cooked - and freezing them.

Additional Information 

• Let's understand the meaning of 'quite'.
• We use 'quite' to show a fairly mild degree of extent but not to a very great extent. It is used to emphasise the condition of the situation.
• Example: I quite enjoyed the film, to be honest.

The correct answer is- 'quite.'

Key Points 

• The correct option to fill in the blanks is 'quite' as it shows the mild degree of a situation.
• In the given sentence we need to show a mild degree.
• And option 1 show a high or intense degree, thus it is inappropriate.
• Options 3 and 4 are not applicable at all in this sentence.
• So we can say that 'quite' is the most appropriate for this sentence.

Thus option 2 is the correct answer.

The complete passage is:- Whether you are returning from an overambitious trip to the supermarket or (1) organising purchases from the local farmers’ market, storing seasonal vegetables can be quite (2) a challenge. Finding space in the refrigerator for your green vegetables can be (3) quite worrisome. At the same time, you suffer from guilt pangs for (4) having gone overboard in the market. Well, you can store them (5) easily by simply chilling them - raw or cooked - and freezing them.

Additional Information

• In the given sentence option 3 has a question word (how much), thus it cannot be used in an affirmative sentence.
• And option 4 has a countable quantifier (many), thus it cannot be use before an uncountable.

The correct answer is- 'having gone.'

Key Points 

• The correct option to fill in the blanks is 'having gone' as we need to show that the action has already taken place.
• We use "having + past participle" to show that the person being referred to have done the action of the verb.
• So we can say the 'having gone' is the most appropriate for this sentence.
• Thus option 1 is the correct answer.

The complete passage is:- Whether you are returning from an overambitious trip to the supermarket or (1) organising purchases from the local farmers’ market, storing seasonal vegetables can be quite (2) a challenge. Finding space in the refrigerator for your green vegetables can be (3) quite worrisome. At the same time, you suffer from guilt pangs for (4) having gone overboard in the market. Well, you can store them (5) easily by simply chilling them - raw or cooked - and freezing them.

Additional Information  

• Let's understand the meaning of 'pang' given in the sentence.
• The word pang is a noun and it means a sudden sharp feeling, especially of painful emotion. 
• Example: We hadn't eaten since yesterday and the hunger pangs were getting harder to ignore.

The correct answer is- 'easily.'

Key Points 

• The correct option to fill in the blanks is 'easily' as we need to infer that how effortless it is.
• Let's see the meaning of ease:
• The word easily is an adverb and it means needing little effort.
• Example: I can easily be home early tonight if you want.
• So we can say that 'easily' is the most appropriate for this sentence.
• Thus option 4 is the correct answer.

The complete passage is:- Whether you are returning from an overambitious trip to the supermarket or (1) organising purchases from the local farmers’ market, storing seasonal vegetables can be quite (2) a challenge. Finding space in the refrigerator for your green vegetables can be (3) quite worrisome. At the same time, you suffer from guilt pangs for (4) having gone overboard in the market. Well, you can store them (5) easily by simply chilling them - raw or cooked - and freezing them.

Additional Information 

• Let's understand the meaning of other options:
• Evenly - In a balanced or impartial way
• Heartily - In a hearty manner with gusto
• Really - In accordance with truth, fact or reality

By counting the triangles:

Triangles are → ABC, ADE, AFG, AHI, ADJ, AJE, AFK, AKG, AHL, ALI, ABM, AMC, KCM, KGC, CKA, CNI, NKL = 17

Hence, 17 is the correct answer.

Given: 432, 413, 396, ? , 368, 357, 348 

The logic follows here is:

Subtract odd numbers starting from 19 in decreasing order as shown below,

Hence, 381 is the correct answer.

The logic follows here is: 

Indian Inspectors who are also home owners means common part of the shapes, i.e., common part of square, circle, and triangle as shown below,

Hence, 17 is the correct answer.

The logic follows here is:

Except option 1, in all other options 2nd number is divisible by 1st number.

By checking options:

(1) 7 : 360 → 360 ÷ 7 =  51.43 → not a whole number, means 360 is not divisible by 7.

(2) 6 : 222 → 222 ÷ 6 = 37 → whole number, means 222 is divisible by 6.

(3) 11 : 1342 → 1342 ÷ 11 = 122 → whole number, means 1342 is divisible by 11.

(4) 12 : 1740 → 1740 ÷ 12 = 145 → whole number, means 1740 is divisible by 12.

Hence, 7 : 360 is the odd one.

Alternate Method The logic follows here is:

(1st number)³ + 1st number = 2nd number.

By checking options:

(1) 7 : 360 → (7)³ + 7 =  350

(2) 6 : 222 → (6)³ + 6 = 222 

(3) 11 : 1342 → (11)³ + 11 = 1342 

(4) 12 : 1740 → (12)³ + 12 = 1740

Hence, 7 : 360 is the odd one.

Given: Trump : Bridge

The logic follows here is:

Trump is an action while playing Bridge (card game).

By checking the options:

(1) Header : Cycling → Cycling doesn't include header.

(2) Crank : Polo → Polo doesn't include crank.

(3) Pinching : Swimming → Swimming doesn't include pinching.

(4) Dribble : Football → Football includes dribbling. Dribbling is an attacking move, where the player should retain the ball with them, until the opponent is defeated. 

Hence, dribble : Football is the correct answer.

Confusion PointsDribbling, as the science of working the ball along the ground by means of the feet is technically termed.” (From the Football Annual, 1868.)

It was inevitable that with the American invention of basketball in the early 1890s.

Important PointsTrump means (in bridge, whist, and similar card games) play a trump on (a card of another suit).

Header means a shot or pass made with the head.

Crank means give a bend to (a shaft, bar, etc.).

Pinching means grip (something, typically a person's flesh) tightly and sharply between finger and thumb.

Dribbling means (in soccer, hockey, and basketball) an act of taking the ball forward with repeated slight touches or bounces.

The logic follows here is:

(1) 

→ changing position (up and down) in every step, in answer figure it should be in the top left corner.

(2) 

→ shaded in every next step, in answer figure it should not be shaded.

(3) 

→ rotating 90° anticlockwise in every step, in answer figure it should face downwards.

(4) 

,

, and

→ They are changing their positions with each other in clockwise direction in every step.

Therefore, only option (2) follows the above conditions.

Thus, the final series is as follows:

Hence, option (2) is the correct answer.

Given: CARBON : NOBCAR : : PUZZLE : ?

The logic follows here is: 

Similarly, 

Hence, ELZPUZ is the correct answer.

The logic follows here is:

The paper when unfolded, will look like: 

Hence, option (1) is the correct answer.

Given: (13, 9, 117)

The logic follows here is: 

(13, 9, 117) → 13 × 9 = 117

By checking options:

(1) (19, 8, 162) → 19 × 8 = 152 ≠ 162

(2) (18, 6, 108) → 18 × 6 = 108 

(3) (14, 7, 98) → 14 × 7 = 98

(4) (17, 5, 85) → 17 × 5 = 85

Hence, (19, 8, 162) do not follow the same logic.

Given: Vishal divided an amount of ₹1,122 among his four friends A, B, C and D in the ratio of 11 : 17 : 14 : 9.

Total amount = ₹1,122

Let the common factor be 'A'.

Then, according to the question,

11A + 17A + 14A + 9A = 1122

51A = 1122

A = 1122 ÷ 51

A = 22

Therefore, 

B get = 17A = 17 × 22 = ₹374 

D get = 9A = 9 × 22 = ₹198

Difference = 374 - 198 = ₹176.

Shortcut Trick11 + 17 + 14 + 9 = 51

1122 ÷ 51 = 22

B - D = 17 - 9 = 8

Difference = 8 × 22 = ₹176

Hence, B get ₹176 more than D.

In this question, We will use the opposite face relation of cube which is shown below-

The opposite faces are:

The dice C and D can be formed when the given sheet is folded because the opposite faces appear together in these dice.

Hence, only C and D is the correct answer.

Given: UNREAL is coded as 1421518121 and RHYMES is coded as 8181325195. 

The logic follows here is:

And,

Similarly, 

Hence, 912318251 is the correct answer.

Given: Keyboard : Touchpad : : Mouse : ?

The logic follows here is:

The function of Touchpad and Keyboard is same, as they both are used for typing.

Similarly, 

The function of Joystick and Mouse is same, they are used to move cursor. 

Hence, joystick is the correct answer.

Given: 14 : 49 : : ? : 256 : : 20 : 100

The logic follows here is: 

14 : 49 → $\sqrt{49} = 7 → 2 \times 7 = 14$

20 : 100 → $\sqrt{100} = 10 → 2 \times 10 = 20$

Similarly,

? : 256 → $\sqrt{256} = 16 → 2 \times 16 = 32$

Hence, 32 is the correct answer.

Given: (12, 8, 116)

The logic follows here is: 

(12, 8, 116) → (12 + 8) + (12 × 8)

= 20 + 96

= 116

By checking options:

(1) (16, 6, 112) → (16 + 6) + (16 × 6)

= 22 + 96

= 118 ≠ 112

(2) (24, 12, 296) → (24 + 12) + (24 × 12)

= 36 + 288

= 324 ≠ 296

(3) (14, 6, 98) → (14 + 6) + (14 × 6)

= 20 + 84

= 104 ≠ 98

(4) (20, 11, 251) → (20 + 11) + (20 × 11)

= 31 + 220

= 251

Hence, (20, 11, 251) is the correct answer.

By checking the options:

(1) Scanner → It is an Input Device.

(2) Mouse → It is an Input Device.

(3) Monitor → It is an Output Device.

(4) Keypad → It is an Input Device.

Important PointsInput Device: an input device is a piece of equipment used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system, such as a computer.

Output Device: an output device allows data to be transmitted by the computer in a human-friendly form, for example, sound being played through a speaker.

Hence, Monitor is the odd one.

Given: APTITUDE is written as ADEIPTTU.

The logic follows here is: Letter are arranged in Alphabetical order (A to Z).

Similarly, 

Hence, ADEITTTU is the correct answer.

Preparing the family tree using the following symbols:

(1) Himanshu is the daughter of Anjan.

(2) Mrunalini, Archana’s sister, has a son Rahul and a daughter Sunayana.

(3) Kalpika is the mother of Kripal and sister of Sunayana’s mother. 

(4) Rahul is the cousin of Kripa

(6) Kripal is the brother of Himanshu. It means Anjan will be father of Himanshu and Kripal.

The final family tree is as follows:

From the family tree, Gender of Archana is not confirmed so Archana can male or female.

But according to the options Archana will be the sister in law of Anjan.

Hence, Archana is the sister-in-law of Anjan.

Confusion Points=>You cannot assume the gender of the person based on the name.

Given: 

The logic follow is: The above given image is hidden as follow:

Hence, option (4) is the correct answer.

By checking options:

(1) p, b, l, r, q, p, b → r p l b q / r p l b q / r p l b q / r p l b q

Here r p l b q is repeated.

(2) p, p, l, b, r, q, b → r p l p q / r p l b q / b p l b r / r q l b q

(3) p, l, b, q, r, b, p → r p l l q / r p b b q / q p l b r / r b l p q

(4) ​l, p, q, b, r, p, b → r l l p q / r p q b q / b p l b r / r p l b q

Option (1) gives a pattern of r p l b q - r p l b q - r p l b q - r p l b q.

Hence, p, b, l, r, q, p, b is the correct answer.

By checking options:

(1) CAXT  

(2) NLID 

(3) HFCY  

(4) SQNJ  

Hence, NLID is the odd one.

The logic follows here is: Let the line AB be the mirror.

Hence, option (3) is the correct answer.

The least possible Venn diagram is:

Conclusions:

I. All plates are cups → False (it is possible but not definite as shown in the diagram above)

II. Some spoons are neither plates nor cups → False (it is possible but not definite)

III. No spoon is a cup → False (as some spoons are cups as shown in the diagram above)

Hence, none of the conclusions follow.

Arranging all the words as per their order in the dictionary:

4. Docile

1. Docket 3. Dockyard
2. Domicile
3. Dormitory 

Hence, 4, 1, 3, 2, 5 is the correct order.

Given: A × B ÷ C – D + E = 14

By checking options and interchanging accordingly:

(1) A = 4, B = 13, C = 2, D = 3, E = 5

LHS = 4 × 13 ÷ 2 – 3 + 5

= 26 + 2

= 28  ≠ 14

LHS ≠ RHS

(2) A = 13, B = 3, C = 4, D = 5, E = 2

LHS = 13 × 3 ÷ 4 – 5 + 2

= 9.75 - 3

= 6.75 ≠ 14

LHS ≠ RHS

(3) A = 4, B = 13, C = 3, D = 5, E = 2

LHS = 4 × 13 ÷ 3 – 5 + 2

= 17.33 - 3

= 14.33 ≠ 14

LHS ≠ RHS

(4) A = 4, B = 3, C = 2, D = 5, E = 13

LHS = 4 × 3 ÷ 2 – 5 + 13

= 4 × 1.5 - 5 + 13

= 6 - 5 + 13

= 19 - 5

= 14

LHS = RHS

Hence, option (4) is correct.

Calculation:

Sum of amounts invested during the years 2007, 2008 and 2010 = 220 + 450 + 660 = 1330

Sum of sales of products during 2009 and 2011 = 1000 + 1200 = 2200

∴ Required percentage = 1330/2200 × 100 = 60.5%

Confusion Points

(1330/2200) × 100 = 60.45%

60.45% ≈ 60.5%

Rules for rounding off a decimal →

• If the next digit is 5 or more, increase the previous digit by one
• If it's 4 or less, keep the previous digit the same

Shortcut Trick

Convert the fractional ratio to a simple integer ratio by multiplying with the LCM of denominators (4, 8, 12) = 24.

The simplified ratio becomes 18 : 15 : 14.

Difference between the greatest (18 units) and smallest (14 units) = 4 units.

Given 4 units = 48 ⇒ 1 unit = 12.

Greatest number = 18 units = 18 × 12 = 216.

∴ The correct answer is 216.

Alternate Method

Given:

Ratio of three numbers = 3/4 : 5/8 : 7/12

Difference between greatest and smallest = 48

Formula Used:

To simplify a fractional ratio, multiply each term by the Least Common Multiple (LCM) of the denominators.

Calculations:

⇒ LCM of denominators (4, 8, 12) = 24

⇒ First number = 3/4 × 24 = 18x

⇒ Second number = 5/8 × 24 = 15x

⇒ Third number = 7/12 × 24 = 14x

⇒ Simplified Ratio = 18 : 15 : 14

⇒ Greatest = 18x, Smallest = 14x

⇒ 18x − 14x = 48

⇒ 4x = 48

⇒ x = 48 ÷ 4 = 12

⇒ Value of the greatest number = 18x = 18 × 12 = 216

∴ The correct answer is 216.

Additional Information

Simplification of Fractional Ratios

To convert fractions a/b : c/d to integers, multiply each by the LCM of b and d. This maintains the proportional relationship while easing calculations.

The Unitary Method in Ratios

If the difference between two ratio parts is known, the value of one part is calculated as (Actual Difference) ÷ (Difference in Ratio Units).

Inverse Ratios

The inverse ratio of a : b is 1/a : 1/b. For three terms a : b : c, the inverse is 1/a : 1/b : 1/c, often used in speed and time problems.

Alternate Method360° = 360000

⇒ 1° = 1000

⇒ 100° = 100000

Traditional method:

Calculation:

From graph, For VISA card, there is maximum amount spent by Aditya.

Percentage amount spent by Aditya through VISA card = 100/360 × 100 = 250/9 %

Maximum amount spent by Aditya through VISA card = 360000 × 250/9 × 1/100 = Rs.100000

∴ maximum amount spent by Aditya through the credit card of VISA card bank is Rs.100000.

Given:

Radii of two circular ground = 42 m and 35 m

Formula:

Area of circle = πr²

Calculation:

Total area of two grounds = π × 42² + π × 35²

Let radius of new big ground be a m.

Area of new ground = πa²

Then,

⇒ πa2 = π × 422 + π × 352

⇒ a² = 2989

⇒ a = √2989 m

∴ Area of new ground is √2989 m.

Shortcut Trick

The three medians of a triangle divide it into 6 smaller triangles of equal area.

Area of each small triangle = Total Area ÷ 6 = 48 ÷ 6 = 8 cm².

The quadrilateral SQON is composed of exactly 2 of these small triangles (ΔSOQ and ΔSON).

⇒ Area of SQON = 2 × 8 = 16 cm².

∴ The correct answer is 16 cm².

Alternate Method

Given:

Area of ΔRST = 48 cm²

RQ, SP, and TN are the medians intersecting at the centroid O.

Formula Used:

The centroid of a triangle divides it into three triangles of equal area, and each median divides the triangle into two equal areas. Consequently, the three medians divide the triangle into six triangles of equal area.

Calculations:

Since O is the centroid of ΔRST, the three medians divide the triangle into 6 smaller triangles of equal area:

⇒ Area(ΔRON) = Area(ΔSON) = Area(ΔSOP) = Area(ΔTOP) = Area(ΔTOQ) = Area(ΔROQ) = 1/6 × Area(ΔRST)

Given that Area(ΔRST) = 48 cm²:

⇒ Area of each small triangle = 48 ÷ 6 = 8 cm²

The quadrilateral SQON is formed by the two adjacent small triangles ΔSOQ and ΔSON:

⇒ Area(SQON) = Area(ΔSOQ) + Area(ΔSON)

⇒ Area(SQON) = 8 + 8 = 16 cm²

∴ The correct answer is 16 cm².

Additional Information

Centroid Properties

The centroid (O) divides each median in the ratio 2 : 1 from the vertex to the midpoint (e.g., SO : OP = 2 : 1).

Area Division by Centroid

The three line segments joining the centroid to the vertices divide the triangle into three triangles of equal area: Area(ΔROS) = Area(ΔSOT) = Area(ΔTOR) = 1/3 × Area(ΔRST).

Median Property

A median of a triangle divides it into two triangles of equal area.

Given:

tanθ + cotθ = 4

Formula:

tan² θ + 1 = sec² θ

cot² + 1 = cosec² θ

Calculation:

⇒ tanθ + cotθ = 4

Use- tanθ + cotθ = n ⇒ tan2θ + cot2θ = n² - 2

tan2θ + cot2θ = 16 - 2 = 14

Then,

⇒ ? = (2cosec2θ sec2θ - 4)

⇒ ? = 2(1 + cot²θ)(1 + tan²θ) - 4

⇒ ? = 2(1 + tan²θ + cot²θ + cot²θ.tan²θ) - 4

⇒ ? = 2(1 + 14 + 1) - 4

⇒ ? = 28

Then,

⇒ 3(tan2θ + cot2θ) : (2cosec2θ sec2θ - 4) = 3 × 14 : 28 = 3 : 2

∴ 3(tan2θ + cot2θ) : (2cosec2θ sec2θ - 4) = 3 : 2

Shortcut Trick

Multiply the given equation x − 1/(2x) = 4 by 2 to convert it to the required form: 2x − 1/x = 8.

Apply the algebraic shortcut: if ax − b/x = k, then (ax)³ − (b/x)³ = k³ + 3 × (ax) × (b/x) × (ax − b/x).

Simplified shortcut: Value = k³ + 3 × a × b × k.

Here, a = 2, b = 1, and k = 8 → 8³ + 3 × 2 × 1 × 8 = 512 + 48 = 560.

∴ The correct answer is 560.

Alternate Method

Given: x − 1/(2x) = 4

Formula Used: (a − b)³ = a³ − b³ − 3ab(a − b)

Multiply the given equation by 2:

⇒ 2 × (x − 1/(2x)) = 2 × 4

⇒ 2x − 1/x = 8

Now, cubing both sides of the equation:

⇒ (2x − 1/x)³ = 8³

⇒ (2x)³ − (1/x)³ − 3 × (2x) × (1/x) × (2x − 1/x) = 512

⇒ 8x³ − 1/x³ − 6 × (2x − 1/x) = 512

Substitute the value 2x − 1/x = 8:

⇒ 8x³ − 1/x³ − 6 × 8 = 512

⇒ 8x³ − 1/x³ − 48 = 512

⇒ 8x³ − 1/x³ = 512 + 48

⇒ 8x³ − 1/x³ = 560

∴ The correct answer is 560.

Additional Information

Algebraic Identity (Negative)

(a − b)³ = a³ − b³ − 3ab(a − b). This is used to find the difference of cubes when the difference of terms is known.

Algebraic Identity (Positive)

(a + b)³ = a³ + b³ + 3ab(a + b). Use this when the sum of terms is given to find the sum of cubes.

Standard Reciprocal Form

If x − 1/x = k, then x³ − 1/x³ = k³ + 3k. If x + 1/x = k, then x³ + 1/x³ = k³ − 3k.

Given:

Y = tan35°

Formula:

tan (90 - a) = cot a

Calculation:

⇒ cot 55° = cot(90 - 35) = tan 35°

⇒ tan 55° = tan(90 - 35) = cot 35 = 1/tan 35 = 1/Y

Then,

⇒ (2 tan55° + cot55°) = 2/Y + Y = (2 + Y²)/Y

∴ (2tan55° + cot55°) = (2 + Y²)/Y

Given:

Area of right angled isosceles triangle = 676 sq.cm

Formula:

Area of right angled isosceles triangle = 1/2 × a × a

a = equal sides of triangle

Calculation:

Let height or base of right angled triangle be a cm.

⇒ 676 = 1/2 × a²

⇒ a = 26√2 cm

Height and base of isosceles triangle = 26√2 cm

In right angled triangle,

Using pythagoras theorem,

hypotenuse² = a² + a²

hypotenuse² = 2a²

hypotenuse = √2 × a

hypotenuse = √2 × 26√2 = 26 × 2 = 52

∴ Length of its hypotenuse is 52cm.

Calculation:

From options, for flovour C:

For year 2013: % increase in production over year 2012 = (70 - 65)/65 × 100 = 7.7%

For year 2011: % increase in production over year 2010 = (55 - 50)/50 × 100 = 10%

For year 2014: % increase in production over year 2013 = (80 - 70)/70 × 100 = 14.28%

For year 2012: % increase in production over year 2011 = (65 - 55)/55 × 100 = 18.19%

∴ From above, for year 2012 percentage of the rise in production compared to year 2011 is maximum with respect to flavour C.

Given:

tan2x - 3tanx + 2 = 0

Calculation:

Let tanx = a

⇒ a² - 3a + 2 = 0

⇒ a² - 2a - a + 2 = 0

⇒ (a - 2) - 1(a - 2) = 0

⇒ a - 1)(a - 2) = 0

a = 1 or a = 2

Then,

⇒ tan x = 1 as 0° < x < 90°

⇒ x = tan^-1(1) = 45

∴ Value of x = 45°

Shortcut Trick

We can go with the value-putting method from the option.

Where only option A  45° satisfies the equation

Given:

Sum = Rs. 4000

Amount in 3 years = Rs. 5008

Formula:

Let P = Principal, R = rate of interest and N = time 

Simple interest = PNR/100

Calculation:

Simple interest in 3 years = 5008 - 4000 =Rs.1008

⇒ 1008 = 4000 × 3 × R/100

⇒ R = 8.4%

Rate of interest is 8.4% per annum.

New rate of interest = 8.4 + 2.6 = 11% per annum

Maturity amount in 3 years = 4000 × 3 × 11/100 + 4000 = Rs. 5320

∴ Revised maturity amount in 3 years is Rs. 5320.

Alternate Method 

The increase in the amount is due to the increase in rate of interest.

The increased amount = 5008 + (2.6 × 3)% of 4000

⇒ 5008 + 312

⇒ Rs. 5,320

Alternate Methoda = 1, b = 2. These values satisfy equations given in the question.

Now,

16a4 + b⁴

⇒ 16 × 1 + 2⁴

⇒ 16  + 16 = 32

∴ The required value is 32.

Traditional method:

Given:

8a3 + b3 = 16 and 2a+ b = 4

Formula:

a³ + b³ = (a + b)(a² - ab + b²)

(a + b)² = (a² + 2ab + b²)

Calculation:

⇒ (8a³ + b³) = (2a + b)(4a² - 2ab + b²)

⇒ 16 = 4 × (4a2 - 2ab + b2)

⇒ 4a2 - 2ab + b2 = 4

⇒ (2a + b)² = 4a² + 4ab + b²

⇒ 16 = 4a2 + 4ab + b2

Solving,

⇒ 6ab = 12

⇒ ab = 2

Then,

⇒ 4a² + b² = 8

Then,

⇒ ? = 16a4 + b4

⇒ ? = (4a² + b²)² - 8a²b²

⇒ ? = 8² - 8 × (2)²

⇒ ? = 32

∴ 16a4 + b4 = 32

Given:

x⁴ + 16/x⁴ = 27217

Formula:

(a² + b²) = (a + b)² - 2ab

Calculation:

⇒ x4 + 16/x4 = (x² + 4/x²)² - 8

⇒ 27217 + 8 = (x2 + 4/x2)2

⇒ (x2 + 4/x2) = 165

⇒ (x2 + 4/x2) = (x + 2/x)² - 4

⇒ (x + 2/x)² = 169

∴ (x + 2/x) = 13

Given:

(X + Y)'s 1 day's work = 5/12

Calculation:

Let X's, Y's and Z's 1 day's work be 1/X, 1/Y and 1/Z respectively.

⇒ 1/X + 1/Y = 5/12

⇒ 1/Y + 1/Z) = 1/3

⇒ (1/X + 1/Z) = 1/4

Then,

2/X + 2/Y + 2/Z = 5/12 + 1/3 + 1/4

1/X + 1/Y + 1/Z = 1/2

∴ Work will be completed in 2 days when X, Y and Z will work together.

Shortcut Trick

(X +Y) can do the work in 12/5 days

(Y + Z) can do the work in 3 days

(X + Z) can do the work in 4 days

Total work is LCM (12/5, 3, 4) = 12 unit

So, (X + Y + Z) can do in a day → 6 unit

Then (X + Y + Z) can do the whole work in 12/6 = 2 days

Given:

? = $45 - [ 36 - {29 - (25 - \overline{7+4})}]$

Concept:

Follow BODMAS rule to solve this question, as per the order given below,

Calculation:

⇒ ? = 45 - [36 - {29 - (25 - 11)}]

⇒ ? = 45 - [36 - {29 - 14}]

⇒ ? = 45 - [36 - 15]

⇒ ? = 45 - 21

∴ ? = 24

Formula:

Average = (Sum of elements)/(Number of elements)

Calculation:

Let four consecutive even natural numbers be a - 2, a , a + 2 and a + 4 respectively.

Total sum of squares of four consecutive even natural numbers = 126 × 4 = 504

⇒ (a - 2)² + (a + 2)² + (a + 4)² + (a)² = 504

⇒ 4a² + 8a - 480 = 0

⇒ a² + 2a - 120 = 0

⇒ a² + 12a - 10a - 120 = 0

⇒ a(a + 12) - 10(a + 12) = 0

⇒ (a + 12)(a - 10) = 0

a = -12 or a = 10

a is a even natural number so a = 10

Greatest number = 10 + 4 = 14

Smallest number = 10 - 2 = 8

Then,

8 times of greatest number = 14 × 8 = 112

5 times of smallest number = 8 × 5 = 40

∴ average of 8 times of the greatest number and 5 times of the smallest number = (112 + 40)/2 = 76

Alternate MethodTotal CP = 22500 + 1000 + 800 = Rs. 24,300

SP on 20% profit = 120% of 24300

⇒ (24300 × 120)/100 = Rs. 29,160

∴ The selling price is Rs. 29,160.

Traditional method:

Given:

Purchased price of TV = Rs.22500

Formula:

Profit % = (SP - CP)/CP × 100

Calculation:

Total cost price of TV set = 22500 + 800 + 1000 = Rs.24300

Profit % = 20%

⇒ 20 = (SP - 24300)/24300 × 100

⇒ SP = 29160

∴ Selling price of LED TV is Rs.29160.

Shortcut Trick

For divisibility by 5, q must be 0 or 5.

Since the number is also divisible by 8 (an even number), q must be 0.

For divisibility by 8, the last three digits 3p0 must be divisible by 8.

Testing smallest p: If p = 0, 300 (No); if p = 1, 310 (No); if p = 2, 320 (Yes, 320 ÷ 8 = 40).

∴ The correct answer is p = 2, q = 0.

Alternate Method

Given: Number = 579683pq, Divisors = 5 and 8.

Step 1: Divisibility by 5

⇒ A number is divisible by 5 if its last digit is 0 or 5.

⇒ q = 0 or q = 5.

Step 2: Divisibility by 8

⇒ A number is divisible by 8 if its last three digits are divisible by 8.

⇒ If q = 5, the number is odd, so it cannot be divisible by 8. ∴ q = 0.

⇒ The last three digits are 3p0.

Step 3: Finding smallest p

⇒ For p = 0: 300 ÷ 8 = 37.5 (Not divisible)

⇒ For p = 1: 310 ÷ 8 = 38.75 (Not divisible)

⇒ For p = 2: 320 ÷ 8 = 40 (Divisible)

∴ The correct answer is p = 2, q = 0.

Additional Information

Divisibility by 8

A number is divisible by 8 if the number formed by its last three digits is divisible by 8 or if the last three digits are 000.

Divisibility by 5

A number is divisible by 5 if its units digit is either 0 or 5.

Divisibility by 40

If a number is divisible by both 5 and 8 (which are co-prime), it must be divisible by their product, 40.

Given:

BE = 9 cm and CF = 13 cm

Calculation:

G is the centroid.

⇒ BG : GE = GC : GF = 2 : 1

⇒ GC = 2/3 × CF = 2/3 × 13 = 26/3 cm

⇒ GE = 1/3 × BE = 1/3 × 9 = 3 cm

Area of right angled triangle EGC = 1/2 × GC × GE =  1/2 × 3 × 26/3 =13 sq.cm

∴  Area of ΔABC = 6 × Area of ΔEGC = 13 × 6 = 78 sq.cm

Shortcut Trick

Check through options where the sum of speeds is 91 km/h.

If Vaibhav's speed = 52 km/h, then Vignesh's speed = 91 − 52 = 39 km/h.

Total time = (78 ÷ 52) + (78 ÷ 39) = 1.5 hours + 2 hours = 3.5 hours.

3.5 hours is exactly 3 hours and 30 minutes, matching the given condition.

∴ The correct answer is 52 km/h.

Alternate Method

Given: Total distance = 78 km, Sum of speeds = 91 km/h, Total time = 3.5 hours.

Formula Used: Time = Distance ÷ Speed

Let the speed of Vaibhav be x km/h. Then the speed of Vignesh is (91 − x) km/h.

⇒ 78/x + 78/(91 − x) = 3.5

⇒ 78 × [ (91 − x + x) / (x(91 − x)) ] = 3.5

⇒ (78 × 91) / (91x − x²) = 3.5

⇒ 7098 = 3.5(91x − x²)

⇒ 2028 = 91x − x²

⇒ x² − 91x + 2028 = 0

⇒ x² − 52x − 39x + 2028 = 0

⇒ x(x − 52) − 39(x − 52) = 0

⇒ (x − 52)(x − 39) = 0

⇒ x = 52 or x = 39

Since Vaibhav is faster than Vignesh (x > 91 − x), we take x = 52 km/h.

∴ The correct answer is 52 km/h.

Additional Information

Speed-Time Relationship

For a constant distance, Speed is inversely proportional to Time (S ∝ 1/T). If speed increases, time decreases.

Average Speed

When the same distance is covered at two different speeds a and b, the Average Speed = 2ab / (a + b).

Relative Speed

If two objects move in the opposite direction, relative speed = S₁ + S₂. In the same direction, relative speed = |S₁ − S₂|.

Alternate Method

(x - 75)/(85 - x) = 7 ∶ 13

⇒ 13x - 975 = 595 - 7x

⇒ 20x = 1570

⇒ x = 78.5%

Traditional method:

Given:

Total number of students in a college = 2800

Calculation:

Total girls in a college = 2800 × 35/100 = 980

Total boys in a college = 2800 - 980 = 1820

Total number of girls and boys passed in exam = 980 × 85/100 + 1820 × 75/100 = 833 + 1365 = 2198

∴ The percentage of total students who passed the final examination is = 2198/2800 × 100 = 78.5%

Given:

Area of square = 196/11 sq.cm

Formula:

Area of circle = πr²

Area of square = side²

Calculation:

⇒ 196/11 = side²

Side of a square = 14/√11 cm

Side of a square = Diameter of a circle

Radius of a Circle = 14/√11 × 1/2 = 7/√11 cm

Area of a circle = 22/7 × (7/√11)² = 14 sq.cm

∴ Area of a circle is 14 sq.cm.

Calculation:

Total production of organic fertilizers in 8 years = 20 + 35 + 55 + 40 + 60 + 45 + 70 + 75 = 400 tonnes

Average production of organic fertilizers in 8 years = 400/8 = 50 tonnes

∴ For 4 years,the production of organic fertilizers more than the average production of organic fertilizers in the given years.

Shortcut Trick

Net discount % = a + b − (ab ÷ 100)

Net discount = 20 + 30 − (20 × 30 ÷ 100) = 50 − 6 = 44%

Selling Price (SP) = 100% − 44% = 56% of Marked Price

SP = 550 × 56 ÷ 100 = 5.5 × 56 = 308

∴ The correct answer is ₹308.

Alternate Method

Given → Marked Price (MP) = ₹550, Discount 1 (d₁) = 20%, Discount 2 (d₂) = 30%

Formula: SP = MP × (100 − d₁)% × (100 − d₂)%

⇒ Price after first discount = 550 × (80 ÷ 100) = 440

⇒ Price after second discount = 440 × (70 ÷ 100)

⇒ Selling Price = 44 × 7 = 308

∴ The correct answer is ₹308.

Additional Information

Marked Price and Discount

The Marked Price is the price printed on the label. Discount is always calculated on the Marked Price. Formula: SP = MP − Discount.

Successive Discounts

When two or more discounts are applied one after another, they are called Successive Discounts. The order of application does not change the final Selling Price.

The correct answer is 1978.

• In 1978 a new Constitution was adopted in Sri Lanka creating the 'Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka'.

Key Points

• In 1833, the British took complete control of the island of Ceylon.
• On 16 May 1972, Ceylon became the Republic of Sri Lanka.
• The new constitution was adopted, creating the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka on 31 August 1978.
• In 1987, the 14th amendment was passed with the creation of provincial councils in Tamil areas and more regional autonomy.

Important Points

The correct answer is the Qing dynasty.

Key Points

• Qing dynasty ruled from 1644 to 1912.
• It was the last dynasty in the history of China.
• The dynasty succeeded the Ming dynasty.
• The dynasty was established in 1636.
• Emperor Shunzhi founded the Qing Dynasty.
  

Xuantong was the last emperor of the dynasty.

Additional Information

• Yuan dynasty ruled from 1279–1368.
• Shizu was the founder of the dynasty.
• Shundi was the last emperor of the dynasty.
• Sui dynasty ruled from 581–618.
• Wendi was the founder of the dynasty.
• Gongdi was the last ruler.
• Ming dynasty ruled from 1368–1644.
• Taizu was the founder of the dynasty.
• Ssuzong was the last ruler.

The correct answer is Ozone layer.

Key Points

• The international agreement Montreal Protocol is related to the ozone layer.​
• It is related to the Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer.
• It is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer from Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).
• It was signed in 1987 and came into force in 1989.
• 16 September is celebrated as the International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer.

Additional Information

• The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands:
• The Convention on Wetlands of International Importance is the first modern treaty between nations aimed at conserving natural resources.
• The signing of the Convention on Wetlands was done in 1971 at Ramsar, Iran.
• There are a total of 75 Ramsar sites in India.(as of Feb 2022)
• Chilika Lake was the **first Ramsar site in India.**​

In News

• As of July 2022:
• Five new wetlands of International importance have been designated in India.
• With this, the total number of Ramsar sites in the country has increased from 49 to 75 Ramsar sites.
• Union Minister of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Bhupender Yadav said, “Delighted to inform that 5 more Indian wetlands have got Ramsar recognition as wetlands of international importance.”
• The five newly designated wetlands are:
• Karikili Bird Sanctuary, Tamil Nadu
• Pallikaranai Marsh Reserve Forest, Tamil Nadu
• Pichavaram Mangrove, Tamil Nadu
• Pala wetland, Mizoram
• Sakhya Sagar, Madhya Pradesh.

Important Points

• UNESCO World Heritage sites:
• These sites are of cultural, historical, scientific, or other forms of importance.
• The Galapagos Islands and Quito were the first world heritage sites in the world.
• Ajanta Caves, Ellora Caves, Agra Fort, and Taj Mahal were the first World Heritage sites in India.
• There is a total of **40 world heritage sites in India.**​
• India now has 75 Ramsar sites after the addition of 11 new sites in August 2022.

The correct answer is Selenium.

• Selenium is NOT a halogen element.

Key Points

• The Selenium belongs to the Non-Metal Category.
• It is found in Group 16(chalcogens) and Period 4 of the Periodic Table with Atomic number 34.
• It was discovered by Jons Jacobs Berzelius in 1817.
• Jacobs Berzelius has also discovered Cerium( Atomic Number-58) lying in the Lanthanide Series of f-block elements.
• Selenium resides in the Solid-phase at STP whereas its Melting point is 494K & its Boiling Point is 958K.

Additional Information

• Iodine is a group-17 element called halogens.
• Its atomic number is 53.
• Its atomic mass is 126.9.
• Fluorine is also a group-17 element called halogens.
• Its atomic number is 9.
• Its atomic weight is 18.
• Astatine is also a group-17 element called halogens.
• Its atomic number is 85.
• Its atomic mass is 210.

The correct answer is Atta-ur-Rahman.

Key Points

• Atta-ur-Rahman was awarded China's 2019 ‘International Science and Technology Cooperation Award’.
• He was given the award by President Xi Jinping.
• He was also awarded the prestigious “Einstein Professorship” by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) in 2013.
• He also won the “Friendship Award of China” in September 2014.
• He is also a member of the Korean Academy of Science and Technology.

Additional Information

• Samar Mubarakmand is a Pakistani nuclear physicist and known for performing Pakistan's first atomic tests.
• Abdul Qadeer Khan was a Pakistani nuclear physicist.
• He is known as the "father of Pakistan's atomic weapons program".
• Pervez Hoodbhoy is a Pakistani nuclear physicist.

The correct answer is 2011.

Key Points

• National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) was registered as a society on 12th August 2011 under the Societies Registration Act 1860
• The mission was implemented by the National Council for Rejuvenation and the National Ganga Council.
• The National Mission for Clean Ganga under National Ganga Council is supported by the state-level programme management groups in the state of **Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Bihar, Jharkhand, and West Bengal.**​

Important Points

• ​Namami Gange Programme:
• It was launched as a ‘Flagship Programme’ in June 2014 by the Union Government.
• The aim of the mission was the effective abatement of pollution and conservation and rejuvenation of the National River Ganga.
• The mission comes under the aegis of the Department of Water Resources, River Development, and Ganga Rejuvenation, Ministry of Jal Shakti.

The correct answer is 1968.​

Key Points

• Bank of Bhutan Limited, the oldest bank in the country, was established by the Royal Charter in May 1968.
• Its headquarters are located in Norzin Lam, Thimpu, Bhutan.
• Mr. Karma Yonten is the current chairman.

Additional Information

• Bhutan:
• Capital: Thimphu.
• Official language: Dzongkha.
• Prime Minister: Lotay Tshering.
• Currency: Ngultrum.

The correct answer is Part III.​

Key Points

• Fundamental Rights:
• The Fundamental Rights are envisaged in Part III (Articles 12 to 35) of the Indian Constitution.
• Classification of fundamental rights:-
• Right to Equality (Article 14- 18)
• Right to Freedom (article 19- 22)
• Right against Exploitation (article 23- 24)
• Right to Freedom of Religion (Article 25- 28)
• Cultural and Educational Rights (article 29- 30)
• Right to constitutional remedies (Article 32)

The correct answer is Dipa Karmakar.

Key Points

• ​​​Dipa Karmakar is a professional Indian gymnast.
• She won a bronze medal at the 2014 Commonwealth Games, Glasgow, and became the first Indian female gymnast to achieve this feat.
• She also won a bronze medal at the Asian Gymnastics Championships.
• She became the first Indian to represent India in gymnastics in the Olympics Games in the year 2016.
• She is also one of the only five women who have successfully landed the Produnova vault

Additional Information

• Yashasvi Jaiswal is an Indian cricketer.
• Ngangom Bala Devi is an Indian women's footballer.
• Mary Kom is an Indian women's boxer.

The correct answer is malnutrition.​

Key Points

• On September 20, 2020, the Ministry of Ayush and Ministry of Women and Child Development signed a Memorandum of Understanding to control malnutrition in the country.
• The agreement was signed as a part of Poshan Abhiyaan.
• The MoU will help in tackling the problem of malnutrition in mothers and children in the country.

Important Points

• Malnutrition:
• Malnutrition is a condition when a person’s diet does not provide enough nutrients or the right balance of nutrients for optimal good health.
• It also refers to deficiencies, excesses, or imbalances in a person’s intake of energy and nutrients.
• The term malnutrition addresses 3 broad groups of conditions:
• Undernutrition includes three types:
• wasting (low weight-for-height)
• stunting (low height-for-age)
• underweight (low weight-for-age).

The correct answer is Kernel.​

Key Points

• The kernel is an essential center of a computer operating system.
• It is the core that provides basic services for all other parts of the operating system.
• It is the main layer between the OS and hardware.
• Kernel helps in the process and memory management, file systems, device control, and networking.
• It is the first program after bootloader which is loaded and controls everything in the OS.
• It acts as an interface between application and hardware.
  

It is responsible for memory management.

• There are five types of the kernel:
• A microkernel
• It only contains basic functionality
• A monolithic kernel.
• It contains many device drivers
• Hybrid Kernel
• Exokernel
• Nanokernel