SSC CHSL 2020 Official Paper 7 (Held On: 15 April 2021 Shift 1) (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is 'ADBC'.

Key Points

• While rearranging the given sentences, we should look for some grammatical or contextual connections between the sentences-
• A will be the first sentence as it is an independent sentence that is introducing the subject 'Judy'.
• D will be the second sentence as it means that Judy became overjoyed as he touched the soft neck of the fawn.
• B will be the third sentence. 'move on all fours' is a phrase that means 'with hands, knees and feet on the ground.' It says that Judy moved close to the fawn.
• C will be the last sentence as it means that Judy put his arms around the body of the fawn after moving closer to it.
• Therefore, according to the given explanation, option 1 is the correct answer.

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The correct order is ADBC:

• A: Judy reached out one hand and laid it on the soft neck of the fawn.
• D: The touch made him delirious.
• B: He moved forward on all fours until he was close to it.
• C: He put his arms around its body.

The correct answer is 'oppose'.

Key Points

• The word 'challenge' means 'a refusal to accept something as true, correct, or legal.'
• किसी चीज़ को सही या कानूनी मानने से इनकार करना।
• For example, "It is possible to challenge the report's assumptions".
• The word 'oppose' means 'disagree with and attempt to prevent, especially by argument.'
• असहमत हैं और रोकने का प्रयास करते हैं, विशेष रूप से तर्क द्वारा।
• From the given meanings and examples, we can understand that 'oppose' is the synonym of the given word.
• Therefore, option 2 is the correct answer.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of the other given words in options:-
• Acceptance - agreement with or belief in an idea or explanation. (किसी विचार या स्पष्टीकरण के साथ सहमति या विश्वास)
• Answer - a thing that is said, written, or done as a reaction to a question, statement, or situation. (वह बात जो किसी प्रश्न, कथन या स्थिति की प्रतिक्रिया के रूप में कही, लिखी या की गई हो)
• Peace - freedom from disturbance; tranquillity. (अशांति से मुक्ति; शांति)

The correct answer is 'completely'.

Key Points

• We use 'completely' to emphasize that **something is as great in extent, degree, or amount as it possibly can be. (**हम इस बात पर जोर देने के लिए 'completely' का उपयोग करते हैं कि कुछ हद तक, डिग्री या मात्रा में जितना संभव हो सके उतना बड़ा है)
• As the given sentence is talking about an experience that immensely changes us, the adverb 'completely' is more appropriate. (जैसा कि दिया गया वाक्य एक ऐसे अनुभव के बारे में बात कर रहा है जो हमें बेहद बदल देता है, इसलिए क्रिया विशेषण 'completely' अधिक उपयुक्त है)
• All other words do not fit in the given context.
• Therefore, option 4 is the correct answer.

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Complete Sentence: The experience of having climbed Mt. Everest changes you completely.

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Additional Information 

• Let's learn the meanings of the other words given in the options: 
• rarely: not often; seldom. (प्रायः नहीं; कभी - कभी)
• frequently: regularly or habitually; often. (नियमित रूप से या आदतन; अक्सर)
• regularly: with a constant or definite pattern, especially with the same space between individual items. (एक स्थिर या निश्चित पैटर्न के साथ, विशेष रूप से अलग-अलग वस्तुओं के बीच समान स्थान के साथ)

The correct answer is 'amphibian'.

Key Points

• 'Amphibians' are any of a class of cold-blooded vertebrates (such as frogs, toads, or salamanders) intermediate in many characters between fish and reptiles and having gilled aquatic larvae and air-breathing adults**. (**उभयचर; 'उभयचर' ठंडे खून वाले कशेरुकियों (जैसे मेंढक, टोड, या सैलामैंडर) के किसी भी वर्ग में मछली और सरीसृपों के बीच कई पात्रों में मध्यवर्ती होते हैं और जलीय लार्वा और वायु-श्वास लेने वाले वयस्क होते हैं)
• These animals live both on land and in water. (ये जानवर जमीन और पानी दोनों में रहते हैं)
• Therefore, option 3 is the correct answer.

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Additional Information 

• Let's learn the meanings of the other words given in the options: 
• arboreal: living in trees. (वृक्ष-संबंधी; पेड़ों में रहना)
• mammal: a warm-blooded vertebrate animal of a class that is distinguished by the possession of hair or fur, females that secrete milk for the nourishment of the young, and (typically) the birth of live young. (एक वर्ग का एक गर्म-खून वाला कशेरुकी जानवर जो बालों या फर के कब्जे से अलग होता है, मादाएं जो युवा के पोषण के लिए दूध का स्राव करती हैं, और (आमतौर पर) जीवित युवाओं का जन्म)
• vertebrate: an animal of a large group distinguished by the possession of a backbone or spinal column, including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes. (पृष्ठवंशी या कशेरुकी या कशेरुकदंडी प्राणिसाम्राज्य के कॉरडेटा (Chordata) समुदाय का सबसे बड़ा उपसमुदाय है। जिसके सदस्यों में रीढ़ की हड्डियाँ (backbones) या पृष्ठवंश विद्यमान रहते हैं)

The correct answer is 'instantly'.

Key Points

• The word 'instantly' means 'at once; immediately.'
• For example, With e-mail, you can send a message across the world almost instantly.
• According to the given context, the word 'instantly' fits correctly as money can be transferred immediately these days.
• Therefore, option 3 is the correct answer.

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Complete Sentence: These days you can transfer money instantly from one account to another.

Hinglish

• शब्द 'instantly' का अर्थ है 'एक बार में; तुरंत।'
• उदाहरण के लिए, With e-mail, you can send a message across the world almost instantly.
• दिए गए संदर्भ के अनुसार, 'instantly' शब्द सही ढंग से फिट बैठता है क्योंकि इन दिनों पैसा तुरंत स्थानांतरित किया जा सकता है।
• अतः विकल्प 3 सही उत्तर है।

The correct answer is 'has been warning'.

Key Points

• According to the subject-verb agreement rule, if the subject is singular, the verb must be singular and if the subject is plural, the verb must also be plural.
• Examples, 
• These clothes are too small for me.
• People travel overseas these days.
• Some people were hurt.
• The word 'people' is a plural noun. So, it should be followed by a plural verb. (have)
• Thus, 'have been warned' is the correct usage.
• We need to use a verb warned because the doer of the verb warned is somebody else hence we need to use a past participle of the verb. As the warning has been given to the people by somebody else. Hence, the correct phrase is have been warned.
• Therefore, option 4 is the correct answer.

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Correct Sentence: People have been warned in advance about the coming economic crisis.

The correct answer is 'opaque'.

Key Points

• The word 'transparent' means(of a material or article) allowing light to pass through so that objects behind can be distinctly seen; easy to perceive or detect. ((किसी सामग्री या वस्तु का) प्रकाश को गुजरने देना ताकि पीछे की वस्तुओं को स्पष्ट रूप से देखा जा सके; समझने या पता लगाने में आसान)
• Examples,
• Those transparent plastic boxes are called jewel boxes.
• I think we should try to make the instructions more transparent.
• The word 'opaque' means preventing light from travelling through, and therefore not transparent or translucent; hard or impossible to understand.​ (प्रकाश को यात्रा करने से रोकना, और इसलिए पारदर्शी या पारभासी नहीं; समझने में कठिन या असंभव)
• Examples,
• I find her poetry a little too opaque.
• Accounting firms have been notoriously opaque about their finances in the past.
• According to the given meanings and examples, we can understand that 'opaque' is the antonym of the given word.
• Therefore, option 1 is the correct answer.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of the other given words in the options:-
• Beautiful - pleasing the senses or mind aesthetically. (सुंदर)
• Shining - giving out or reflecting bright light. (चमकता हुआ)
• Clean - free from dirt, marks, or stains. (गंदगी, निशान या दाग से मुक्त)

The correct answer is 'waitor'.

Key Points

• The correct spelling is 'waiter' which means 'a man whose job is to bring the food to customers at their tables in a restaurant'. (एक आदमी जिसका काम एक रेस्तरां में ग्राहकों की मेज पर खाना लाना है)
• For example, A waiter came to the table to take our order.
• Therefore, option 3 is the correct answer.

 

Additional Information

• Let's learn the meanings of the other words given in the options:
• inspector: someone whose job is to officially inspect something. (कोई व्यक्ति जिसका काम आधिकारिक तौर पर किसी चीज का निरीक्षण करना है)
• governor: a person in charge of a particular political unit. (एक विशेष राजनीतिक इकाई का प्रभारी व्यक्ति)
• conductor: someone whose job is to sell tickets on a bus, train, or other public vehicles. (कोई व्यक्ति जिसका काम बस, ट्रेन या अन्य सार्वजनिक वाहनों पर टिकट बेचना है)

The correct answer is 'meekness'.

Key Points

• The meaning of the word 'diffidence' is 'the quality of being shy and not confident of your abilities'.
• शर्मीले होने और अपनी क्षमताओं पर भरोसा न करने का गुण​
• Examples, 
• The biggest difficulty is overcoming diffidence.
• There was a diffidence in her soft voice.
• The meaning of the word 'meekness' is 'the quality of being quiet, gentle, and unwilling to argue or express your opinions'.
• Examples, 
• They bore their suffering with meekness and humility.
• The lamb is the symbol of meekness or patience.
• From the given meanings and examples, we can understand that 'meekness' is the synonym of the given word.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of the other given words in the options:-
• Confidence - the feeling or belief that one can have faith in or rely on someone or something. (आत्मविश्वास)
• Courage - the ability to do something that frightens one; bravery. (साहस)
• Boldness - willingness to take risks and act innovatively; confidence or courage. (जोखिम लेने और नवीन रूप से कार्य करने की इच्छा; आत्मविश्वास या साहस)

The correct answer is 'He wonder'.

Key Points

• In the above-given sentence, 'wondered' will be used.
• It is so because 'When two actions occur in the past, one after the other, the first action is expressed in Past perfect tense and the second action is expressed in Simple past tense'.
• For Examples:-
• The patient had died before the doctor came.
• He came after she had gone.
• In the given sentence, the person took a certain direction and after some time he thought that he might have mistaken the direction.
• Thus, the first action will be in the past perfect tense i.e. 'had mistaken' and the second action will be in the simple past tense 'wondered'.
• Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

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Correct Sentence: He wondered for a moment if he had mistaken the direction.

The correct answer is 'desparate'.

Key Points

• The correct spelling is 'desperate' which means 'feeling or showing a hopeless sense that a situation is so bad as to be impossible to deal with.'
• महसूस करना या निराशाजनक भावना दिखाना कि स्थिति इतनी खराब है कि उससे निपटना असंभव है।
• Examples, 
• I felt I couldn't cope with the situation and was in desperate need of some reassurance.
• The earthquake survivors are in desperate need of help.
• Therefore, option 1 is the correct answer.

 

Additional Information

• Synonyms of the word 'desperate': despairing, hopeless, anguished, distressed, forlorn, disheartened, discouraged
• Antonyms of the word 'desperate': cheerful, composed, happy
• Let's look at the meaning of the other words given in options:-
• Dependence - the state of relying on or being controlled by someone or something else. (किसी पर या किसी और चीज पर निर्भर होने या नियंत्रित होने की अवस्था)
• Discipline - the practice of training people to obey rules or a code of behaviour, using punishment to correct disobedience. (अनुशासन)
• Delicious - highly pleasant to the taste. (स्वादिष्ट)

The correct answer is 'sharp'.

Key Points

• The meaning of the word 'blunt' is '(of a cutting implement) not having a sharp edge or point.'
• (काटने के उपकरण का) जिसकी धार या नुकीला न हो।​
• For example, "a blunt knife".
• The meaning of the word 'sharp' is '(of an object) having an edge or point that is able to cut or pierce something.'
• For example, "Cut the cake with a very sharp knife".
• From the given meanings and examples, we can understand that 'sharp' is the antonym of the given word.
• Therefore, option 1 is the correct answer.

The passive voice of the given sentence is 'The states affected by the cyclone are being helped by the government.'.

Key Points

Present continuous tense:

The present continuous (also called present progressive) is a verb tense that is used to show that an ongoing action is happening now, either at the moment of speech or now in a larger sense.

 

• The instructions given below should be followed while changing an assertive sentence to a passive voice.
• Find the subject and object of the sentence and exchange their places; make changes in their cases as well if subject and object are pronouns.
• Use preposition 'by' before the agent.
• Use an appropriate helping verb in passive form according to the tense of the active form. (Present continuous tense)
• Always use the third form of the main verb in passive form. (helped)
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 1.
  
• So, the final sentence is- The states affected by the cyclone are being helped by the government.

The correct answer is 'No substitution'.

Key Points

• As the given sentence is in the past tense, the use of 'was' is the correct usage.
• The superlative form of an adjective is used to show something has a quality to the greatest or least degree.
• As the giving sentence is talking about an extreme challenge, the use of 'the biggest' is the correct usage.
• According to given explanation, we can understand that no substitution is required.
• Therefore, option 1 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is 'anchor'.

Key Points

• The meaning of the word 'anchor' is a person who presents and coordinates a television or a radio programme.
• ​एक व्यक्ति जो समाचारों की रिपोर्ट करता है और टेलीविजन या रेडियो कार्यक्रम पर दूसरों द्वारा रिपोर्ट का प्रबंधन करता है; एक व्यक्ति जो एक टेलीविजन या एक रेडियो कार्यक्रम प्रस्तुत करता है​।
• For example, The mayor grants frequent interviews to local news anchors.
• From the given meaning and example, we can understand that the word 'anchor' means the same as the group of words.
• Therefore, option 3 is the correct answer.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of the other words given in options:-
• Actor - a person whose profession is acting on the stage, in films, or on television. (अभिनेता)
• Programmer - a person who writes computer programs. (एक व्यक्ति जो कंप्यूटर प्रोग्राम लिखता है)
• Disc Jockey - a person who introduces and plays recorded popular music, especially on radio or at a club. (एक व्यक्ति जो रिकॉर्ड किए गए लोकप्रिय संगीत को पेश करता है और बजाता है, खासकर रेडियो या क्लब में)

The indirect speech of the given sentence is 'Sam told his father that he was a big boy then and didn't need to drink milk.'

Key Points

      Reporting clause                                             Reported speech

• While changing the narration of an imperative sentence, we need to follow the given steps-
• Change 'said' in reporting clause into 'told'.
• Replace comma (,) and inverted commas (" ") with the conjunction 'that'.
• Simple Present tense (am, don't) is changed to simple past tense (was, didn't).
• 'now' is changed to 'then'.
• The personal pronoun (I am) is changed into 'he' i.e. according to the object of the reporting verb.
• Therefore, option 3 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is 'CBAD'.

Key Points

• While rearranging the given sentences, we should look for some grammatical or contextual connections between the sentences-
• ​C will be the first sentence as it is an independent sentence that is introducing the subject i.e. 'Muslims celebrating Ramzan'.
• B will be the second sentence as it is talking about a church opening its doors to let Muslims do Friday prayers.
• A will be the third sentence as it forms a mandatory pair with sentence B. The determiner 'this' in sentence A is referring to the situation explained in sentence B.
• D will be the last sentence as it is elaborating more about a church welcoming Muslims to do Friday prayers.
• Therefore, option 2 is the correct answer.

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The correct order is:

• C: As Muslims around the world prepare to celebrate Id-ul-Fitr on 25th May, the holiday that marks the end of Ramzan, a month of fasting, things are very different.
• B: This year, a church in Berlin has opened its doors to let Muslims do Friday prayers while observing social distancing.
• A: This is because the Dar Assalam mosque in Berlin can welcome only a fraction of Muslim worshippers during Ramzan because of social distancing rules.
• D: The Martha Lutheran church has stepped in to help, saying, "We too have the same concerns. It's beautiful to feel that way about each other."

The correct answer is 'understand what is implied but not stated directly'.

Key Points

• The meaning of the idiom 'read between the lines' is 'to try to understand someone's real feelings or intentions from what they say or write'.
• किसी के कहने या लिखने से उसकी वास्तविक भावनाओं या इरादों को समझने की कोशिश करना
• Examples, 
• ​Reading between the lines, I think Pinky needs money.
• Reading between the lines, I'd say he isn't happy with the situation.
• Therefore, from the given explanation, we can understand that option 1 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is 'haven't you'.

Key Points

• Question tags turn a statement into a question. They are often used for checking information that we think we know is true.
• Usually, if the main clause is positive, the question tag is negative, and if the main clause is negative, the question tag is positive. Both the main clause and the question tag must be in the same tense.
• Examples:
• It's cold (positive), isn't it (negative)?
• It isn't cold (negative), is it (positive)?
• According to the given explanation, we can understand that 'haven't you' is the correct usage.
• Therefore, option 3 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is 'A helpful act'. 

Key Points

• A good turn - an action that helps someone. (एक क्रिया जो किसी की मदद करती है)
• Examples,
• ​He did you a good turn by resigning.
• You did me a good turn warning me that Abigail was going to be there.
• Therefore, from the given meaning and examples, we can understand that option 2 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is 'an'.

Key Points

• The given passage is talking about the important role of adventure sports in one's life.
• Let's refer to the given lines from the passage, "Adventure sports play an important role in shaping and developing the personality of (1) _______ individual."
• We use the article 'a' when it precedes a word beginning with a consonant sound and 'an' when it precedes a word beginning with a vowel sound. (a, e, i, o, u).
• As the blank is immediately preceded by a word with a vowel sound (i), article 'an' should be used.
• Therefore, option 1 is the correct answer.

The complete passage is- Adventure sports play an important role in shaping and developing the personality of (1) an individual. They involve great physical and mental (2) endurance along with discipline and decision making. Participation in adventure sports (3) enhances the confidence level, strength, stamina and fitness. Besides, (4) these sports also teach one to work in unity and improve social interaction along with group (5) dynamics and leadership.

The correct answer is 'endurance'.

Key Points

• The given passage is talking about the important role of adventure sports in one's life.
• Let's refer to the given lines from the passage, *"*They involve great physical and mental (2) _______ along with discipline and decision making."
• As the given line refers to adventure sports that require a high level of physical and mental tolerance, the word 'endurance' fits correctly in the given blank as it means 'the ability to endure an unpleasant or difficult process or situation without giving way.'
• As the words 'physical and mental' are adjectives, they should be followed by a noun.
• Among the given options, only option 2 consists of a noun.
• Therefore, option 2 is the correct answer.

The complete passage is- Adventure sports play an important role in shaping and developing the personality of (1) an individual. They involve great physical and mental (2) endurance along with discipline and decision making. Participation in adventure sports (3) enhances the confidence level, strength, stamina and fitness. Besides, (4) these sports also teach one to work in unity and improve social interaction along with group (5) dynamics and leadership.

The correct answer is 'enhances'.

Key Points

• The given passage is talking about the important role of adventure sports in one's life.
• Let's refer to the given lines from the passage, *"*​Participation in adventure sports (3) _______ the confidence level, strength, stamina and fitness."
• The given sentence refers to adventure sports as a means of increasing one's confidence, strength, stamina, and fitness.
• Thus, the word 'enhances' fits correctly in the given blank as it means 'intensify, increase, or further improve the quality, value, or extent of.'
• Therefore, option 3 is the correct answer.

The complete passage is- Adventure sports play an important role in shaping and developing the personality of (1) an individual. They involve great physical and mental (2) endurance along with discipline and decision making. Participation in adventure sports (3) enhances the confidence level, strength, stamina and fitness. Besides, (4) these sports also teach one to work in unity and improve social interaction along with group (5) dynamics and leadership.

The correct answer is 'these'.

Key Points

• The given passage is talking about the important role of adventure sports in one's life.
• Let's refer to the given lines from the passage, "Besides, (4) __________ sports also teach one to work in unity and improve social interaction along with group (5) _______ and leadership."**
• 'These' refers to plural nouns. Demonstratives are words we use to indicate nouns in a sentence. They point out specific nouns that are near or far in time and space.
• As there are plural nouns in the preceding sentence (confidence level, strength, stamina and fitness), the use of 'these' is correct.
• Therefore, option 4 is the correct answer.

The complete passage is- Adventure sports play an important role in shaping and developing the personality of (1) an individual. They involve great physical and mental (2) endurance along with discipline and decision making. Participation in adventure sports (3) enhances the confidence level, strength, stamina and fitness. Besides, (4) these sports also teach one to work in unity and improve social interaction along with group (5) dynamics and leadership.

The correct answer is 'dynamics'.

Key Points

• The given passage is talking about the important role of adventure sports in one's life.
• Let's refer to the given lines from the passage, "Besides, (4) __________ sports also teach one to work in unity and improve social interaction along with group (5) _______ and leadership."
• As the given sentence discusses how adventure sports improve social interaction, group processes, and leadership, 'dynamics' fits correctly in the given sentence.
• Therefore, option 3 is the correct answer.

The complete passage is- Adventure sports play an important role in shaping and developing the personality of (1) an individual. They involve great physical and mental (2) endurance along with discipline and decision making. Participation in adventure sports (3) enhances the confidence level, strength, stamina and fitness. Besides, (4) these sports also teach one to work in unity and improve social interaction along with group (5) dynamics and leadership.

The correct mirror image of the given combination when the mirror is placed to the right side of it is shown below:

Hence, ‘option 3’ is the correct answer.

The Venn diagram that best represents the relationship between Parabola, Polygon, and Hexagon is shown below:

Hexagon is a Polygon. Parabola is a plane curve which is mirror-symmetrical and is approximately U-shaped.

Hence, ‘option 4’ is the correct answer.

The ratio of the monthly incomes of three employees, Saloni, Reema and Kalyani, is 54 ∶ 21 ∶ 59, respectively.

Let their incomes be expressed in terms of Rs. x

So,

Income of Saloni = Rs. 54x

Income of Reema = Rs. 21x

Income of Kalyani = Rs. 59x

If Reema's annual income is Rs.5,04,000,

According to question:

21x = 504000

⇒ x = 504000 ÷ 21

⇒ x = 24000

The sum of Saloni's and Kalyani's annual income = 54x + 59x

= 54 × 24000 + 59 × 24000

= 1296000 + 1416000

= 2712000

Hence, ‘Rs.27,12,000’ is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:

The logic follows here is:

1) Letter whose place value is up to 9 (single-digit place value): The letter will be coded as the position value of the opposite letter.

2) Letter whose place value is greater than 9 (double-digit place value): The letter will be coded as multiplication of the place value by 2.

Similarly,

Hence, ‘2644301823’ is the correct answer.

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The description is as follows:

 

Hence, ‘Grunt’ is the odd one out.

The logic is:

An orthopedician/orthopedics surgeon is a doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating all conditions related to the skeletomuscular system. The orthopedic doctor will work to repair and preserve the bones, joints, ligaments, and skeleton.

A dermatologist is a medical practitioner qualified to diagnose and treat skin disorders.

Similarly,

Neonatologists are doctors who specialize in the care of newborn children (Infants).

Hence, ‘Infants’ is the correct answer.

Key Points 

• Neonatology is a subspecialty of pediatrics that consists of the medical care of newborn infants, especially the ill or premature newborns.
• It is a hospital-based specialty and is usually practiced in neonatal intensive care units.
• A neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), also known as an intensive care nursery (ICN), is an intensive care unit (ICU) specializing in the care of ill or premature newborn infants.
• Neonatal refers to the first 28 days of life.
• Neonatal care, as known as specialized nurseries or intensive care, has been around since the 1960s.
• The first American newborn intensive care unit, designed by Louis Gluck, was opened in October 1960 at Yale-New Haven Hospital.​

Additional Information 

The logic is:

1. 6394 → 6 + 3 + 9 + 4 = 22

2. 5378 → 5 + 3 + 7 + 8 = 23 3. 8276 → 8 + 2 + 7 + 6 = 23 4. 7286 → 7 + 2 + 8 + 6 = 23

Hence, ‘6394’ is the odd one out.

The number series is a prime number series.

23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47, 53

The next prime number after 47 is 53.

Hence, ‘53’ is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:

According to the alphabetical positions of the letters,

FLORA ∶ AFLOR → Letters in the first word are written according to their positional values in English alphabetical series to obtain the second word.

Similarly,

ALTER ∶ ? → Letters in the word ALTER when written according to their positional values in English alphabetical series, we get AELRT.

Hence, ‘AELRT’ is the correct answer.

1. ×, -, ÷, +

Given equation: 2 * 400 * 7605 * 9 * 45 = 0

When we replace the * signs by the symbols in the given option, we get:

L.H.S = 2 × 400 - 7605 ÷ 9 + 45

= 800 – 845 + 45

= 845 – 845

= 0 = R.H.S

2. -, ×, ÷, +

Given equation: 2 * 400 * 7605 * 9 * 45 = 0

When we replace the * signs by the symbols in the given option, we get:

L.H.S = 2 - 400 × 7605 ÷ 9 + 45

= 2 – 338000 + 45

= 47 – 338000

= -337953 ≠ R.H.S

3. -, ×, +, ÷ 

Given equation: 2 * 400 * 7605 * 9 * 45 = 0

When we replace the * signs by the symbols in the given option, we get:

L.H.S = 2 - 400 × 7605 + 9 ÷ 45

= 2 – 3042000 + 0.2

= 2.2 – 3042000

= -3041997.8 ≠ R.H.S

4. ×, ÷, -, +

Given equation: 2 * 400 * 7605 * 9 * 45 = 0

When we replace the * signs by the symbols in the given option, we get:

L.H.S = 2 × 400 ÷ 7605 - 9 + 45

= 0.10 – 9 + 45

= 45.10 – 9

= 36.1 ≠ R.H.S

Hence, ‘×, -, ÷, +’ is the correct answer.

The logic is:

Bind ∶ Release → Bind is antonym of Release.

Similarly,

Genuine ∶ Spurious → Genuine is antonym of Spurious.

Hence, ‘Genuine ∶ Spurious’ is the correct answer.

By checking options:

(1) LNHY

(2) PRGF

(3) HJDU

(4) FHBS 

Hence, PRGF is the odd one.

The pattern followed here is:

1. The small airplane at the centre of the figure is rotating 90º anti-clockwise. So, the figure at the place of the question mark (?) must be facing north. Only option 1 and option 3 figures satisfy the condition.

2. Again, the images at the boundary of the figure is rotating in anti-clocwise direction.

From this, it is clear that option 3 will replace the question mark (?) in the following series.

The figure from among the given options that can replace the question mark (?) in the following series is shown below:

Hence, ‘option 3’ is the correct answer.

The logic follows here is:

Row wise: 1st number × 3rd number + 18 = middle number

Row (1) → 10 × 4 + 18 = 40 + 18 = 58

Row (2) → 8 × 2 + 18 = 16 + 18 = 34

Similarly,

Row (3) → 6 × ? + 18 = 90

? = (90 - 18) ÷ 6

? = 72 ÷ 6

? = 12

Hence, 12 is the correct answer.

Given sequence: K_NUM_L_UMKLN__

By checking options and substituting accordingly.

1. UNKML → KUNUM / NLKUM / KLNML

2. LKNUM → KLNUM / KLNUM / KLNUM

    ♦  Here KLNUM is repeated.

3. KNUML → KKNUM / NLUUM / KLNML
4. KUNLM → KKNUM / ULNUM / KLNLM

    ♦  Option (2) gives a pattern of KLNUM / KLNUM / KLNUM.

Hence, ‘LKNUM’ is the correct answer.

The correct option that indicates the arrangement of the given words in the order in which they appear in an English dictionary is shown below:

5. Peculation
6. Pedalogy
7. Pensioner
8. Permanent
9. Permutation

Hence, ‘5, 2, 4, 1, 3’ is the correct answer.

By using the symbols in the table given below, we can draw the following family tree:

 

Z @ R & T # H @ K → Z is wife of R, R is brother of T, T is daughter of H, H is wife of K.

Clearly, K is father-in-law of Z.

Hence, ‘Father-in-law’ is the correct answer.

The number of triangles in the given figure is shown below:

Hence, ‘23’ is the correct answer.

The paper when unfolded will appear as shown below:

Hence, ‘option 4’ is the correct answer.

For this question, the relation is given below-

In the second Dice and third dice, 

Two faces are common i.e , 2, 5.

As 5 and 2 are the common faces on 2nd and 3rd dice, it is clear that 1 is opposite to 6.

The top number will be opposite to each other.

This means 1 will be opposite to 6 and vice-versa.

Hence, the correct answer is "1".

Hence, Option (1) is correct.

Key Points

• Dices are of two types :

1. Standard Dice
2. Non-Standard Dice.

• Dice has:-

1. faces = 6
2. sides = 12
3. corners = 8

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Two opposite faces are never seen together.

Adjacent faces are never opposite to each other.

When two positions of the same dice are given with one face as the common:

1. We take the common letter and move either in a Clockwise or Anti-clockwise direction.
2. The faces that come in this process are opposite each other in the same order.

The option in which the given figure is embedded when rotation is NOT allowed is shown below:

Hence, ‘option 2’ is the correct answer.

Given: SILVER is written as JDQMXQ and WISDOM is written as IDRJXR.

The logic followed here is:

1) Given letters in a word are arranged in alphabetical order i.e. A to Z.

2) then each letter is increased or decreased by +5, & -5 successively.

SILVER is written as JDQMXQ. 

1. SILVER → Alphabetical order → EILRSV.

2. Each letter +5, -5 so on.

And,

WISDOM is written as IDRJXR.

1. WISDOM → Alphabetical order → DIMOSW.

2. each letter +5, -5 so on.

Similarly, 

KENSTAR = ?

1) KENSTAR → Alphabetical order → AEKNRST.

2) each letter +5, -5 so on.

 

Hence**, "FZPIWNY"** is the correct answer.

The logic is:

64 ∶ 729 → 8² : (8 + 1)³

Similarly,

49 ∶ ? → 7² : (7 + 1)³

⇒ (7 + 1)3 = 8³ = 512 

Hence, ‘512’ is the correct answer.

The least possible Venn diagram is: 

I. All pens are files. → True (As, All pens are erasers and All erasers are files → All pens are files)

II. All pens are books. → False (As, All books are pens → Some pens are books)

III. All files are books.→ False (As, All books are pens, All pens are erasers and All erasers are files → Some files are books)

IV. All files are pens. → False (As, All pens are erasers and All erasers are files → Some files are pens)

Hence, Only conclusion I follows.

The logic is:

1st number × 3 - 4 = 2nd number 

2nd number × 4 + 3 = 3rd number

(19, 53, 215) → 19 × 3 - 4 = 57 - 4 = 53 and 53 × 4 + 3 = 212 + 3 = 215

Similarly,

(13, 35, 143) → 13 × 3 - 4 = 39 - 4 = 35 and 35 × 4 + 3 = 140 + 3 = 143

Hence, ‘(13, 35, 143)’ is the correct answer.

Given:

x + y + z = 5 

$\rm \frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=0$

xyz = 12

x3 + y3 + z3 = 151

Formulas used:

If x + y + z ≠ 0, (x³ + y³ + z³) - 3xyz  = (x + y + z)(x2 + y2 + z2 - xy - yz - zx) 

(x + y + z)² = x² + y² + z² + 2(xy + yz + zx)

Calculation:

$\rm \frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=0$ 

⇒ (yz + zx + xy)/xyz = 0

⇒ (xy + yz + zx) = 0          (1) 

By using the formula, (x3 + y3 + z3) - 3xyz = (x + y + z)(x2 + y2 + z2 - xy - yz - zx) 

⇒ 151 - 3 × 12 = 5 × (x2 + y2 + z2 - 0)                                  ∵ (xy + yz + zx) = 0  

⇒ 115/5 = x2 + y2 + z2 

∴ x2 + y2 + z2 = 23

Mistake PointsBy using the formula, (x + y + z)2 = x2 + y2 + z2 + 2(xy + yz + zx)

⇒ (5)² = x2 + y2 + z2 + 2 × 0      (From 1)

⇒ 25 - 0 = x2 + y2 + z2

∴ x2 + y2 + z2 = 25

Note: The data given in the question give two possible answers by using different identities. 

Therefore care must be taken while choosing the correct option as SSC CHSL takes 25 too as the right answer.

Shortcut Trick

Let total students = 100x, so Girls = 60x and Boys = 40x.

Failed girls = (100 − 45)% of 60x = 55% of 60x = 33x.

Passed boys = (100 − 40)% of 40x = 60% of 40x = 24x.

Given failed girls = 66 ⇒ 33x = 66 ⇒ x = 2.

∴ The correct answer is 48 boys.

Alternate Method

Given:

Percentage of girls in class = 60%

Percentage of girls who passed = 45%

Percentage of boys who failed = 40%

Number of girls who failed = 66

Method Used:

Assuming total students as a multiple of 100 to avoid fractions, we can distribute them according to the given percentages in a branch structure.

Total = 100x

Girls = 60x

Boys = 40x

Pass (45%) 27x

Fail (55%) 33x = 66

Pass (60%) 24x = ?

Fail (40%) 16x

Calculations:

⇒ Let the total number of students be 100x.

⇒ Number of girls = 60% of 100x = 60x

⇒ Number of boys = 100x − 60x = 40x

⇒ Percentage of girls who failed = 100% − 45% = 55%

⇒ Number of failed girls = 55% of 60x = (55 ÷ 100) × 60x = 33x

⇒ We are given that the number of failed girls is 66.

⇒ 33x = 66 ⇒ x = 2

⇒ Percentage of boys who passed = 100% − 40% = 60%

⇒ Number of passed boys = 60% of 40x = (60 ÷ 100) × 40x = 24x

⇒ Total passed boys = 24 × 2 = 48

∴ The correct answer is 48 boys.

Additional Information

Base Concept in Percentage

Percentage is inherently calculated on a base of 100. Using 100x as the total population simplifies branching and fractional reduction problems by entirely bypassing the need for decimal tracking.

Complementary Percentages

When a specific fraction or percentage of a group reflects a certain characteristic (e.g., passing the exam), the remainder simply holds the opposite value (i.e. Failing rate = 100% − Passing rate).

Branching Tree Method

In population demographic questions, segmenting groups into visual tree branches simplifies chain distributions and ensures multi-stage proportional logic remains accurately linked back to the original base variable.

Given:

Percentage of popularity of 'Other' category = 15.7% 

Percentage of popularity of Anjeer flavour out of 'Other' = 20% 

No of people liking Anjeer flavour = 4082 

Calculation: 

Let the no of people surveyed = y 

As per the question;

⇒ y × 15.7% = 'Other' category 

No of people liking Anjeer flavour = 4082 

⇒ (y × 15.7%) × 20% = 4082 

⇒ y × 157/1000 × 20/100 = 4082 

⇒ y × 157/1000 × 1/5 = 4082 

⇒ y = (4082 × 1000 × 5)/157

⇒ y = 130000 

∴ The no of people surveyed was 130000.

Alternate MethodBy unitary method:

20% = 4082

⇒ 1% = 4082/20

The number of people liking other = 100%

⇒ 100 × (4082/20)

⇒ 20410

Now, according to the pie chart,

15.7% of the total is 20410.

⇒ 15.7% = 20410

⇒ 1% = 20410/15.7

⇒ 100% = (20410/15.7) × 100

⇒ 130000

∴ The no of people surveyed was 130000.

Given:

x + y = 5

$\rm \frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}=\frac{20}{9}$

Formula used:

(x3 + y3) = (x + y)(x2 - xy + y2)

(x + y)² = x2 + 2xy + y2

Calculation:

$\rm \frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}=\frac{20}{9}$

⇒ (y + x)/xy = 20/9 

⇒ 5/xy = 20/9 

⇒ xy = 9/4                            (1) 

Also, (x + y)2 = x2 + 2xy + y2

⇒ 5² - 2xy =  x2 + y2 

⇒ 25 - 2 × 9/4 =  x2 + y2     (From 1) 

⇒ 25 - 9/2 =  x2 + y2 

⇒ (50 - 9)/2 =  x2 + y2 

⇒ x2 + y2 = 41/2                  (2) 

Now, (x3 + y3) = (x + y)(x² - xy + y²)

⇒ 5 × (41/2 - 9/4) 

⇒ 5 × 73/4 

⇒ 365/4

∴ (x3 + y3) = 365/4 

Alternate MethodFormula used: 

(x3 + y3) = (x + y)³ - 3xy(x + y)

Calculation:

1/x + 1/y = 20/9

⇒ (y + x)/xy = 20/9 

⇒ 5/xy = 20/9 

⇒ xy = 9/4              ......(1) 

Now,

(x3 + y3) = 5³ - 3 × (9/4) × 5 (From eq 1 and formula)

⇒ 125 - 135/4

⇒ (500 - 135)/4 = 365/4

∴ The required value is 365/4.

Given:

sinθ = cosθ   [Where θ is an acute angle ] 

Identity used:

sinx = cos(90° - x)

Calculation:

sinθ = sin(90° - θ)

⇒ θ = 90°- θ

⇒ 2θ = 90°

⇒ θ = 90°/2 = 45° 

Now, 2 tan2θ + sin2θ - 1 

⇒ 2 × 1 + (1/√2)² - 1

⇒ 2 + 1/2 - 1

⇒ 1 + 1/2 

⇒ 3/2 

∴ The required value = 3/2  

Shortcut TrickBy value putting method,

let θ = 45^∘ , then cos45∘ = sin45∘ = 1/√2

So, the value of 2 tan2θ + sin2θ - 1

⇒ 2 × 1 + 1/2 - 1 

⇒ 1 + 1/2 = 3/2

Follow BODMAS rule to solve this question, as per the order given below, 

Calculation:

25 + 184 ÷ [150 - {9 × 9 + (83 - 4 × 15)}]

⇒ 25 + 184 ÷ [150 - {81 + (83 - 60)}]

⇒ 25 + 184 ÷ [150 - {81 + 23}] 

⇒ 25 + 184 ÷ [150 - 104] 

⇒ 25 + 184 ÷ 46

⇒ 25 + 4

⇒ 29

∴ 25 + 184 ÷ [150 - {9 × 9 + (83 - 4 × 15)}] = 29

Concept:

Divisibility by 9 = When the sum of the digits of a number is divisible by 9, the number is said to be divisible by 9.

Divisibility by 8 = When the last 3 digits of a number are divisible by 8, the number is said to be divisible by 8.

Given: 

23541y49x is divisible by 72

Calculation:

23541y49x is divisible by 72, which is the product of 8 and 9, which are two co-prime. So the number has to be divisible by both 8 and 9. 

23541y49x is divisible by 8, if 49x is divisible by 8, which gives x = 6.

The number becomes 23541y496, which will be divisible by 9, if the sum of the digits becomes divisible by 9. 

Now, 2 + 3 + 5 + 4 + 1 + y + 4 + 9 + 6 = 34 + y 

⇒ y should be 2, so that the digit sum becomes (34 + 2 = 36) which is divisible by 9. 

For x = 6, y = 2

(3x + 5y) ∶ (5x + 3y) 

⇒ (3 × 6 + 5 × 2) : (5 × 6 + 3 × 2)

⇒ (18 + 10) : (30 + 6)

⇒ 28 : 36 

⇒ 7 : 9 

∴ The required result = 7 : 9

Shortcut Trick

Ratio of Selling Prices = (100 + Profit₁) : (100 + Profit₂)

Ratio = (100 + 28) : (100 + 32) = 128 : 132 = 32 : 33

Given 32 units = Rs. 5,00,000

New Selling Price = (5,00,000 ÷ 32) × 33 = 15,625 × 33 = Rs. 5,15,625

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 5,15,625.

Alternate Method

Given: First Selling Price (SP₁) = Rs. 5,00,000, Profit₁ = 28%, Profit₂ = 32%

Formula Used: Cost Price (CP) = [SP × 100] / [100 + Profit%]

⇒ CP = (5,00,000 × 100) ÷ (100 + 28)

⇒ CP = 5,00,00,000 ÷ 128 = Rs. 3,90,625

⇒ New Selling Price = CP × (100 + 32) ÷ 100

⇒ New Selling Price = 3,90,625 × (132 ÷ 100)

⇒ New Selling Price = 3,90,625 × 1.32 = Rs. 5,15,625

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 5,15,625.

Additional Information

Profit and Loss Basic Relation

Profit % = [(SP − CP) ÷ CP] × 100. Always calculate profit or loss percentage on the Cost Price unless stated otherwise.

Direct SP Comparison

When CP is constant: SP₁ ÷ (100 ± P/L₁) = SP₂ ÷ (100 ± P/L₂). This allows solving without calculating the actual CP.

Marked Price and Discount

SP = Marked Price × (100 − Discount%) ÷ 100. Profit can also be expressed as CP × (100 + Profit%) ÷ 100.

Given:

Ratio of the curved surface area and volume of a right circular cylinder =  5 ∶ 7

Formulas used:

Curved surface area of cylinder = 2πrh 

Volume of the cylinder = πr²h

Calculation:

2πrh/πr2h = 5/7 

⇒ 2/r = 5/7 

⇒ 2/r = 5/7

⇒ r = 14/5 = 2.8 units 

∴ The radius of the cylinder is 2.8 units.

Concept:

The ratio of the areas of two similar triangles is equal to the ratio of the square of their corresponding sides.

Given:

ΔABC ~ ΔEDF, Area ABC ∶ Area DEF = 49 ∶ 4

AB = 10 cm, AC = 14 cm, BC = 21 cm 

Calculation: 

Area ABC/Area DEF = (AC/EF)²

⇒ 49/4 = (AC/EF)2

⇒ √(49/4) = 14/EF 

⇒ 7/2 = 14/EF 

⇒ 1/2 = 2/EF 

∴ EF = 4 cm 

Mistake Points ΔABC is similar to ΔEDF, do not misread it as ΔABC is similar to ΔDEF.

Given:

Production of leather bags by company Y = 5500 

Production of leather bags by company X = 2000

Calculation:

Production of company Y = m × Production of company X 

⇒ 5500 = m × 2000 

⇒ m = 5500/2000 

∴ m = 2.75

Given:

Speed of the boat downstream = 150% more than speed upstream

Formulas used:

Distance/Speed = Time 

Calculation:

The ratio of upstream speed to downstream speed 

⇒ 100a ∶ 250a = 2a ∶ 5a

As per the question; 

80 km/5a + 50 km/2a = 8.2 hours 

⇒ 16/a + 25/a = 8.2  

⇒ 41/a = 8.2

⇒ a = 41/8.2

⇒ a = 5 

∴ The speed downstream of the boat = 5a

⇒ 5a = 5 × 5

⇒ 25 km/h

Given:

Average weight of some persons = 72 kg 

Average weight of 5 persons = 66.6 kg 

Average weight of 13 persons = 75 kg 

Formula used:

Average Weight = Total weight/No of persons 

⇒ Total weight = Average weight × No of persons

Calculation:

Let the initial number of persons be = y 

New total weight;

y × 72 + 5 × 66.6 - 13 × 75 = (y + 5 - 13) × (72 - 1.65)

⇒ 72y + 333 - 975 = (y - 8) × 70.35

⇒ 72y - 642 = 70.35y - 562.8 

⇒ 72y - 70.35y = 642 - 562.8 

⇒ 1.65y = 79.2 

⇒ y = 79.2/1.65 

⇒ y = 48 

∴ The inital number of persons = 48

Given:

Time taken by 24 persons to do a work = 20 days 

Formula used:

Total work = Persons × Days 

Calculation:

Total work = 24 × 20 

No of days taken by 30 persons = (24 × 20)/30 = 16 

∴ The required no of days = 16

Given:

sin A = 0.5     [45° < A < 540°]

Calculation:

Sin A = 0.5 

⇒ Sin A = 5/10 

⇒ Sin A = 1/2

⇒ Sin A = sin(180°- 30°)

⇒ sin A = sin 150°   

[If sin A = 150, then A/3 = 50, which is not in the options]

⇒ sin A = sin (360°+ 150°)

⇒ sin A = sin 510° 

⇒ A = 510° 

∴ A/3 = 510°/3 = 170°

Given:

Total no of qualified candidates from the State = 68000 

Percentage of selected candidates from District B = 25%

Percentage of rural candidates of District B = 60%

Percentage of selected candidates from District D = 18%

Percentage of rural candidates of District D = 40%

Calculation:

Percentage of selected urban candidates of District B = 100% - 60% = 40%

⇒ No of selected urban candidates of District B = 40% of 25% of 68000

⇒ 40/100 × 25/100 × 68000 = 6800

Percentage of selected urban candidates of District D = 100% - 40% = 60%

⇒ No of selected urban candidates of District D = 60% of 18% of 68000

⇒ 7344

No of the selected urban candidates of District B (7344 - 6800) 544 less than that of District D. 

∴ The required percentage = 544/7344 × 100 

⇒ 7.4%

Confusion Points Do not get confused between the percentage of rural and the total candidates given as first we have to calculate the data from total candidates and then find the rural candidates.

Given:

Diameter = AB 

∠BAC = 42°

Concept:

Angle in a semi-circle is a right angle. 

The Sum of all the angles in a triangle is 180°. 

Angles opposite to equal sides are equal in measure. 

Calculation:

In triangle ABC, ∠A + ∠B + ∠C = 180°      [Angle sum property]

⇒ 42° + ∠B + 90° = 180°                           [Angle in a semi-circle is 90°]    

⇒  ∠B =  180° - 90°- 42° = 48° 

In triangle BOC,  ∠OBC + ∠BOC + ∠BCO = 180°

⇒  48° +  48° + ∠BOC = 180°     [Angles opposite to equal sides are equal] 

⇒ ∠BOC = 180° - 48° -  48°        [ BO = CO = r] 

∴ ∠BOC = 84° 

Shortcut Trick The angle made on the center by a chord is double the angle made on the circumference by the same chord.

∠BOC = 2∠BAC = 2 × 42° 

⇒ 84° 

∴ The required angle is 84°.

Given:

Total investment = Rs.12050

Rate of interest = 10% 

Time = 2 years 

Formulas used:

Simple Interest = Principal × Time × Rate/100 

Amount = Principal + Simple Interest 

In Compound Interest; Amount = Principal × (1 + R/100)ⁿ

Calculation:

Let the sum invested at compound interest be = y 

⇒ Sum invested at simple interest = 12050 - y 

As per the question;

(12050 - y) + (12050 - y) × 10/100 × 2 = y × (1 + 10/100)²

⇒ (12050 - y) [1 + 1/5] = y × 11/10 × 11/10 

⇒ (12050 - y) × 6/5 = y × 121/100 

⇒ 12050 × 6/5 - y × 6/5 = y × 121/100 

⇒14460 = 121y/100 + 6y/5

⇒ 14460 = (121y + 120y)/100 

⇒ 14460 = 241y/100 

⇒y = (14460 × 100)/241 

⇒ y = 6000 

∴ The sum invested on compound interest is Rs.6000.

Alternate MethodEquivalent rate of interest in the case of CI 

⇒ 10 + 10 + (10 × 10)/100 = 21%

Let a and b be the sum invested on SI and CI.

a + (a × 2 × 10)/100 = b + (b × 21)/100

⇒ a/b = 121/120

(121 + 120) units = 12050

⇒ 241 units = 12050

⇒ 1 unit = 12050/241 = 50

The sum invested on CI = 120 units = 50 × 120

⇒ Rs. 6000

 The sum invested on compound interest is Rs.6000.

Shortcut TrickCP ∶ MP = 100 ∶ 120 = 5 ∶ 6

SP after 30% discount = 6 × 0.7 = 4.2

Loss% = [(5 - 4.2)/5] × 100

⇒ 80/5 = 16%

∴ The loss% is 16%.

Given:

List Price of motorcycle = 20% more than Cost Price

Discount = 30%

Formulas used:

List Price = Cost Price × (100 + Mark up)%

Selling Price = List Price × (100 - Discount)%

Loss = Cost Price - Selling Price 

Loss percentage = Loss/Cost Price × 100 

Calculation:

Let the Cost Price of motorcycle be = 100a 

⇒ List Price = 100a × (100% + 20%) 

⇒ List Price = 100a × 120/100 = 120a             (1) 

Selling Price = 120a × (100% - 30%) 

⇒ Selling Price = 120a × 70/100 = 84a 

Loss = Cost Price - Selling Price 

⇒ Loss = 100a - 84a = 16a 

Loss Percentage = 16a/100a × 100 

⇒ Loss Percentage = 16%

∴ Dealer's loss percentage is 16%.

Alternate MethodBy Ratio Method

List Price is calculated on Cost Price.

Mark up percentage = 20% = 1/5 

Discount is calculated on List Price. 

Discount percentage = 30% = 3/10 

∴ Dealer's loss percentage = 4/25 × 100 = 16%

Alternate MethodThe percentage can be converted into ratio.

Ratio of 2018 and 2017 = 450/400 = 9/8

The same ratio is for 2019 and 2018 = 9/8

⇒ x/450 = 9/8

⇒ x = (450 × 9)/8 = 506.25

Traditional method:

Given:

Imports in 2017 = Rs.400 crores

Imports in 2018 = Rs.450 crores

Formula used:

Percentage increase of imports = Increase over previous year/Imports of current year × 100 

Calculation:

Percentage increase of imports of the year 2018 = (450 - 400)/450 × 100 

⇒ 100/9 %

Let the imports in the year 2019 be = y 

As per the question; Percentage increase of imports in 2019 = Percentage increase of imports in 2018 

⇒ Percentage increase of imports in 2019 = 100/9 % 

⇒ (y - Imports in 2018)/y ×100 = 100/9 

⇒ (y - 450)/y = 1/9 

⇒ y = 9 × (y - 450)

⇒ y - 9y = - 9 × 450 

⇒ - 8y = - 9 × 450 

⇒ y = 9 × 450/8 

⇒ y = 506.25

∴ The imports in the year 2019 was of Rs.506.25 crores.

Concept:

The ratio of the areas of two similar triangles is equal to the ratio of the square of their corresponding sides and perimeters. 

Given:

ΔABC ~ ΔPQR

Perimeters of ΔABC = 72 cm 

Perimeters of ΔPQR = 43.2 cm

Calculation:

Area ΔABC/ Area ΔPQR = (Perimeter of ΔABC/Perimeter of ΔPQR)²

Area ΔABC/ Area ΔPQR = (72 × 72)/(43.2 × 43.2)

⇒ (72 × 72 × 100)/(432 × 432)

⇒ 100/36 

⇒ 25/9 

∴ The required ratio = 25 : 9

Given:

49a2 + 25b2 = 30 and ab = 1, a, b > 0

Formula used:

(a + b)² = a² + b² + 2ab

Calculation:

By squaring the equation (7a + 5b);

⇒ (7a + 5b)² = 49a2 + 25b2 + 2 × 7a × 5b 

⇒ (7a + 5b)2 = 49a2 + 25b2 + 2 × 7a × 5b 

⇒ (7a + 5b)2 = 49a2 + 25b2 + 70ab 

⇒ (7a + 5b)2 = 30 + 70 × 1

⇒ (7a + 5b)2 = 100

⇒ (7a + 5b) = √100 

⇒ (7a + 5b) = ± 10

⇒ (7a + 5b) = + 10,  (7a + 5b) ≠ - 10

∴ The required result is 10. 

Alternate Method$a + b = \sqrt{a^2 + b^2 + 2ab }$

a = 7a and b = 5b

$7a + 5b = \sqrt{49a^2 +25 b^2 + 2.7a.5b }$

⇒ $7a + 5b = \sqrt{49a^2 +25 b^2 + 70ab }$

⇒ $7a + 5b = \sqrt{30 + 70 }$

⇒ √100 = 10 or -10

-10 can't possible.

∴ The value is 10.

Given:

cosθ = $\rm \frac{2}{3}$

Concept:

Pythagoras Theorem

⇒ AC² = AB² + BC²

Calculation:

In triangle ABC, 3² = AB2 + 2²

⇒ 9 - 4 = AB²

⇒ AB = √5 

2 sec2θ +2 tan2θ - 6 

⇒ 2 × (AC/BC)² + 2 × (AB/BC)² - 6 

⇒ 2 × (3/2)² + 2 × (√5/ 2)² - 6 

⇒ 2 × 9/4 + 2 × 5/4 - 6 

⇒ 9/2 + 5/2 - 6 

⇒ (14 - 12)/2 

⇒ 2/2 

⇒ 1

∴ 2 sec2θ +2 tan2θ - 6 = 1 

Alternate Method2 sec2θ +2 tan2θ - 6 

⇒ 2 (1 + tan2θ) + 2 tan2θ - 6            [sec2θ - tan2θ = 1] 

⇒ 2 + 2 tan2θ + 2 tan2θ - 6

⇒ 4 tan2θ - 4

⇒ 4(tan2θ - 1) 

⇒ 4(sec2θ - 1 - 1)

⇒ 4(sec2θ - 2)                  [sec θ = 1/cos θ]

⇒ 4(9/4 - 2)

⇒ 4 × (9 - 8)/4 = 1

∴ The required result = 1

Given:

AB = Diameter 

The tangent at C meets AB produced at Q, ∠BAC = 34°

Calculation:

Here, AO = CO = radius 

∠OCQ = 90°    [A tangent is perpendicular to the radius at the point of tangency] 

In triangle AOC, ∠OAC = ∠ACO = 34°    ∵ [Angles opposite to equal sides] 

⇒ ∠COQ = ∠OAC + ∠ACO = 2 × 34° = 68°    ∵ [External angle property] 

In triangle CQO, ∠COQ + ∠OCQ + ∠CQO = 180°    ∵ [Angle sum property]

⇒ 68° + 90° + ∠CQO = 180° 

⇒ ∠CQO = 180° - 158° = 22° 

∴ ∠CQA = ∠CQO = 22°

Shortcut Trick

Present Ratio (A : B) = 9 : 10 (Difference = 1 unit)

Future Ratio (8 years later) = 11 : 12 (Difference = 1 unit)

Increase in ratio = 11 − 9 = 2 units (which corresponds to 8 years)

⇒ 2 units = 8 years ⇒ 1 unit = 4 years

Sum of present ages = (9 + 10) × 4 = 76 years

Sum after 3 years = 76 + (2 × 3) = 82 years

∴ The correct answer is 82 years.

Alternate Method

Given: Present ages of A and B are in ratio 9 : 10. Let their ages be 9x and 10x.

Formula: Ratio = Age₁ / Age₂

⇒ (9x + 8) / (10x + 8) = 11 / 12

⇒ 12 × (9x + 8) = 11 × (10x + 8)

⇒ 108x + 96 = 110x + 88

⇒ 110x − 108x = 96 − 88

⇒ 2x = 8 ⇒ x = 4

⇒ Present age of A = 9 × 4 = 36 years

⇒ Present age of B = 10 × 4 = 40 years

⇒ Sum of ages after 3 years = (36 + 3) + (40 + 3) = 39 + 43 = 82 years

∴ The correct answer is 82 years.

Additional Information

Ratio Difference Method

If the difference between ratio terms is constant (e.g., 10-9=1 and 12-11=1), the change in units is directly proportional to the change in years.

Age Gap Consistency

The numerical difference between the ages of two persons remains constant throughout their lives, regardless of the years passed.

Sum of Ages Change

When calculating the sum of ages for 'n' people after 't' years, the sum increases by n × t years.

The correct answer is Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices.

Key Points

• CACP stands for Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices.
• It is a statutory body formed under Agriculture Price Commission Act, 1962.
• It is an attached office of the **Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Government of India, which came into existence in January 1965.**​
• It comprises a body of 5 people a Chairman, Member Secretary, one Member (Official), and two Members (Non-Official).

Additional Information

Roles and Responsibilities of CACP

• It provides an assurance of a stable price environment to the farmers.
• It helps them to obtain a fair price for their crops, even in the unstable market situation, hence preventing them from falling into the vicious cycle of debt.
• The Government sets the MSPs on the basis of the recommendations given by this committee.
• The CACP recommends the MSPs for 23 commodities, which include seven grains, five pulses, seven oilseeds, and four commercial crops.

The correct answer is Switzerland.

Key Points

• The BWF World Championships is a badminton tournament sanctioned by Badminton World Federation.
• These tournaments offer the most ranking points, together with Summer Olympics badminton tournaments. The winners are crowned as the "World Champions" and awarded gold medals.
• P V Sindhu is the first Indian to win the badminton World Championships gold by beating rival Nozomi Okuhara of Japan in 2019.​​

Additional Information

• Switzerland
• Bern is the capital of Switzerland and Zurich is its largest city.
• Alain Berset is the president of Switzerland (Jan 2023).
• The country is also known for its ski resorts and hiking trails. Swiss watches and chocolate are world-renowned.
• The Swiss franc is its currency.

The correct answer is  30 January.

Key Points

• Martyrs' Day is observed on 30th January to mark the death anniversary of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, popularly known as Mahatma Gandhi ji.
• It also marks the assassination of Mahatma Gandhi in 1948 by Nathuram Godse.

Additional Information 

• Martyrs' Day, also known as Sarvodaya Day, is celebrated on various days like 30 January, 23 March, 19 May, 21 October, 17 November, and 19th November to honor the people who have sacrificed their lives for the nation.
• January 30 is observed as Martyrs Day nationally. On this day in 1948, Gandhiji was assassinated by Nathuram Godse. 23 March is the death anniversary of Bhagat, Sukhdev, and Rajguru, 19 May is celebrated as 'Language Martyrs Day', 21 October is celebrated as 'Police Martyrs' Day' (Police Commemoration Day),17 November is the death anniversary of Lal Lajpat Rai, and 19 November is the birthday of Rani Lakshmibai.

The correct answer is Ellyse Perry.

Key Points

• Ellyse Perry is an Australian Female Cricketer of the Decade category and won the Rachael Heyhoe-Flint Award.
• She had scored 4,349 runs with four centuries and took 213 wickets in all international cricket during the decade which was also the most wickets taken by any player.

Important Points

• Kathryn Bryce
• ​She is a Scottish cricketer who plays for the Scotland women's cricket team.
• In December 2020, Bryce was named the ICC Associate Cricketer of the Decade and in June 2021, She became the first cricketer for Scotland, male or female, to make it into the top ten of the ICC Player Rankings.
• Meg Lanning
• ​She is an Australian cricketer who currently captains the national women's team.
• She has also been a member of five successful world championship campaigns, winning one Women's Cricket World Cup and four ICC Women's World Twenty20 titles.
• ​Sarah Taylor​​​
• ​Sarah Jane Taylor is an English cricketer who currently plays for Sussex, Northern Diamonds, and Welsh Fire.
• She appeared in 10 Test matches, 126 One Day Internationals, and 90 Twenty20 Internationals for England between 2006 and her retirement from international cricket in 2019 due to an anxiety issue.

The correct answer is HH Cole.

Key Points

• HH Cole was appointed as the Curator of Ancient Monuments in 1880.
• Fergusson College was founded by the Deccan Education society in 1885 at Pune.
• It was named after Sir James Fergusson, the Governor of Bombay.
• Archaeological Museum Sanchi was established on the hilltop, in 1919, by Sir John Marshall.
• Sir John Hubert Marshall was the Director-General of the Archaeological Survey of India from 1902 to 1928.
• He oversaw the excavations of Harappa and Mohenjodaro, two of the main cities that comprise the Indus Valley Civilization.

The correct answer is India.

Key Points

• India will be the co-chair of the IUCN-supported Asia Protected Areas Partnership (APAP) for three years, after successfully increasing the population of tigers, lions, and leopards by protecting their habitats.
• In this capacity, it will assist other Asian countries in managing their protected areas.
• The APAP is a regional platform to help governments and other stakeholders to collaborate for more effective management of protected areas (PA) in the region.
• The APAP currently consists of 21 members from 17 countries.
• The APAP, formally launched at the IUCN World Parks Congress in Australia in 2014, is chaired by IUCN Asia and co-chaired by an APAP country member.
• There are now more than 10,900 protected areas in Asia.

Additional Information 

• IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) works to help build healthy protected area systems across the region as a foundation for nature and human well-being by strengthening the capacity for protected area establishment and management.
• Their work includes leading the creation of the Asia Protected Areas Partnership (APAP) which provides a regional platform for promoting and sharing best practices in protected area management and piloting IUCN’s Green List of Protected Areas.
• The current Director-General of IUCN: Bruno Oberle (Nov 2021)
• 5 October 1948, Fontainebleau, France foundation of IUCN.
• Headquarter: Switzerland

​

The correct answer is Gateway of India.

Key Points

• The Gateway of India
• It is an arch monument built during the 20th century in Bombay.
• The monument was erected to commemorate the landing of **King George V and Queen Mary at Apollo Bunder on their visit to India in 1911.**​

Additional Information

• The Victoria Memorial
• It is a large marble building in Central Kolkata, which was built between 1906 and 1921.
• It is dedicated to the memory of Empress Victoria, and is now a museum under the auspices of the Ministry of Culture.
• It lies on the Maidan and is one of the famous monuments of Kolkata.
• Bombay Castle
• It is one of the oldest defensive structures built in the city of Mumbai.
• The current castle is a structure built by the British on the site of the Manor House built by a Portuguese nobleman Garcia de Orta.
• Chattri Brighton
• It is a war memorial in the English city of Brighton and Hove.
• It is sited 500 feet above the city on the South Downs above the suburb of Patcham.

The correct answer is Song Dam.

Key Points

• It is originally built on the Song River, the dam is about 148 meters high.
• It aims to generate power up to six megawatts.
• Dhora Dam is located near dineshpur constructed on river dhora, Length of the Dam is 9700 m and Volume of the dam is 50.700 * 10³ m³.
• The Tehri Dam is the tallest dam in India. It is a multi-purpose rock and earth-fill embankment dam on the Bhagirathi River near Tehri in Uttarakhand.

Additional Information Important dams:

The correct answer is Japan.

Key Points

• Japan has planned a 2023 launch of the world's first satellite made out of wood to reduce debris.
• Japan’s Sumitomo Forestry company and Kyoto University aim to launch the world’s first wood-based space satellite.
• This Satellite will combat the problem of space junk.
• Currently, the initiative is in the nascent stage as several wooden materials are being tested by the research team to find a suitable one for space missions.
• The team is also working towards developing wooden materials extremely resistant to temperature changes and sunlight.
• According to the European Space Agency (ESA) statistical model, there are more than 130 million pieces of anthropogenic space debris—waste residue due to human activities—smaller than a millimeter around our planet.

Image of the wood-based satellite:

The correct answer is L.C. Gupta Committee.

Key Points

• L.C.Gupta Committee was formed in November 1996 for the regulation of derivatives trading.
• Balwant Rai Committee was formed in 1957 to examine the implementation of the Community Development Programme, 1952 and the National Extension Service, 1953 at the rural level.
• SEBI stands for The Securities and Exchange Board of India is the regulatory body for the securities and commodity market in India under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Finance, Government of India.
• It was established on 12 April 1992 and given Statutory Powers on 30 January 1992 through the SEBI Act, 1992.

Additional Information

• Balwant Rai Committee
• Balwant Rai Mehta was appointed as the chairman of this committee.
• The establishment of a three-tier Panchayati Raj system was suggested by the Balwant Rai Mehta committee.
• The Balwant Rai Mehta committee suggested that the structure of the Panchayati Raj should consist of the village, the block, and the district level.
• Gram Panchayat at the village level.
• Panchayat Samiti at the block level.
• Zila Parishad at the district level.
• The recommendations of the committee were accepted by the national development council in 1958​
• Dinesh Goswami Committee
• Dinesh Goswami Committee (1990) was concerned with electoral reforms.
• It suggested providing state funding in kind to political parties.
• It also suggested that a candidate should not be allowed to contest elections from more than two constituencies.

The correct answer is 1956.

Key Points

• The State Reorganization Act was passed by the Government of India in 1956.
• It reformed the boundaries of Indian states and territories, systematizing them on a language base.
• These provisions come under Part I of the Constitution of India, Article 3.

Additional Information

• THE STATES REORGANISATION ACT, 1956:
• The reorganization of the states was demanded many times after independence.
• There were financial, economic and administrative, and regional language issues.
• In this context, the States Reorganisation Commission (SRC) was constituted in 1953.
• The Commission submitted its report in September 1955.
• The Commission was appointed by Prime Minister Jawahar Lal Nehru.
• SRC was headed by S. Fazal Ali and had two members namely M. Panikkar & H. N. Kunzru.

The correct answer is YouTube.

Key Points

• YouTube
• YouTube is a Google-owned online video sharing and social media network based in the United States.
• On February 14, 2005, it was officially introduced.
• Steve Chen, Chad Hurley, and Jawed Karim established YouTube.
• YouTube was purchased by Google for $1.65 billion in October 2006.​

Additional Information

• Some important social networking sites

The correct answer is Charles YU.

Key Points

• Charles Yu won the National Book Award for fiction for his mind-bending satire, “Interior Chinatown,” a sendup of Hollywood and Asian-American stereotypes.
• Tamara Payne worked as a principal researcher her bestselling books include "The Dead are Arising".
• Walter Ellis Mosley is an American novelist most widely recognized for his crime fiction.
• Morgan Giles was a Royal Navy officer during the Second World War, who later served as a Conservative Member of Parliament of the UK.

Additional Information

• The National Book Awards were established in 1936 by the American Booksellers Association abandoned during World War II, and re-established by three book industry organizations in 1950.
• Non-U.S. authors and publishers were eligible for the pre-war awards. Now they are presented to U.S. authors for books published in the United States roughly during the award year.

The correct answer is U.S.A.

Key Points

• Features of Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution partly derives their inspiration from the Bill of Rights, enshrined in the Constitution of the United States of America.
• It is enshrined in Part III of the Constitution from Articles 12 to 35.

Important Points

• Fundamental rights are the guaranteed rights includes 6 rights which are as follows :
• Right to Equality
• Right to freedom
• Right against exploitation
• Right to freedom of Religion
• Cultural and Educational Rights
• Right to constitutional Remedies