IBPS PO Prelims Memory Based Paper (Held on:4 December 2021 Shift 2) (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is 'Boredom is not boring'.

Key Points

• The passage is about Boredom.
• By reading the whole passage we can understand that the passage about why boredom is important and how it is one of the most unique emotions and how it is or can be exciting.
• Therefore, the theme of the passage will be 'Boredom is not boring'.
• Hence, option 3 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is 'The wheel of emotions'.

Key Points

• Let's refer to this line from the passage: "In 1980 Robert Plutchik created the wheel of emotions."
• By reading the above line we can get that Robert Plutchik was the creator of the wheel of emotions.
• Hence, option 1 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is 'All of the above'.

Key Points

• Let's refer to this line from the passage: "But now we have Facebook, Youtube, Google, and iPhone games to keep ourselves occupied."
• By reading the above line we can understand that we have Facebook, Google, iPhone, and Youtube to keep ourselves occupied now.
• Therefore, the correct answer will be 'All of the above'.
• Hence, option 5 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is 'Imperial'.

Key Points

• The word 'grand' means impressive and large or important.
• Example: They always entertain their guests in grand style.
• The synonyms for the word 'grand' are "magnificent, imperial, majestic".
• The word 'imperial' refers to someone or something of superior or unusual size or excellence.
• Example: Past imperial glories are hardly relevant to the present day.
• Therefore, the word 'imperial' best expresses the meaning of the word 'grand'.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

The correct answer is 'Dominate'.

Key Points

• The word 'conquer' means to gain mastery over or win by overcoming obstacles or opposition.
• Example: Students have to conquer their initial shyness.
• The synonyms for the word 'conquer' are "overcome, dominate, defeat".
• The word 'dominate' means to have control.
• Example: It was the story that dominated the headlines this week.
• Therefore, the word 'dominate' best expresses the meaning of the word 'conquer'.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

The correct answer is 'Only III'.

Key Points

• Let's refer to these lines from the passage:
• "When I am happy with what I am doing, I am not bored" - stated in the first paragraph.
• This makes statement I to be true.
• "It consisted of 8 basic emotions — anger, fear, sadness, disgust, surprise, anticipation, trust, and joy" - stated in the second paragraph.
• This makes statement II to be true.
• "Life, itself, existing might not be enough to conquer boredom" - stated in the third paragraph.
• This makes statement III to be false.
• Therefore, statement III is the only sentence that is false according to the given passage.
• Hence, option 3 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is 'I and II'.

Key Points

• Let's refer to these lines from the passage:
• "The sensation of boredom is described as feeling weary because one is unoccupied or lacks interest in one's current activity or environment" - stated in the first line of the second paragraph.
• ​The above line makes statement I to be true.
• "This freedom of self-concept is the window for boredom to arise" - stated in the first paragraph.
• The above line makes statement II to be true.
• "The slow process of enlarging a hole by repetitive movements is called boring" - stated in the third paragraph.
• The above line makes statement III to be false.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

The correct answer is 'Misery'.

Key Points

• The word 'happiness' refers to the feeling of being happy.
• Example: It was only later in life that she found happiness and peace of mind.
• The antonyms for the word 'happiness' are "calamity, misery, sadness".
• The word 'misery' refers to a state of great unhappiness and emotional distress.
• Example: The family lived in misery for several years.
• Therefore, the word 'misery' means the exact opposite of the word 'happiness'.
• Hence, option 5 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is 'Expectation'.

Key Points

• The word 'anticipation' refers to the act of looking forward.
• Example: The postponement of the film's sequel has held cinemagoers in eager anticipation for several months.
• The synonyms for the word 'anticipation' are "contemplation, expectation, prospect".
• The word 'expectation' refers to the feeling or belief that something will or should happen.
• Example: I have high expectations for this job.
• Therefore, we can say that the word 'expectation' best expresses the meaning of the word 'anticipation'.
• Hence, option 1 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is 'between'.

Key Points

• Let's refer to this line from the passage: "Robert’s model made connections _______ the idea of an emotion circle and a color wheel."
• By reading the above line we can understand that it is talking about the two things, 'the idea of an emotion circle' and 'a color wheel'.
• The preposition 'between' is often used to refer to the time, space, or differences that separate two things, people, places, ideas.
• Example: This plane flies back and forth between New York and Miami.
• Therefore, the word 'between' fits most appropriately in the given blank.
• Hence, option 2 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Arable.

Key Points

Arable: (of land) used or suitable for growing crops

From the given context we can understand that since the large majority of Egypt's people live near the banks of the Nile, the land must be fertile and suitable for agriculture.

Additional Information

The meaning of the other words:

• Rickety: (of a structure or piece of equipment) poorly made and likely to collapse
• Fruitless: failing to achieve the desired results; unproductive or useless
• Arid: (of land or a climate) having little or no rain; too dry or barren to support vegetation
• Acorn: the fruit of the oak tree, a smooth oval nut in a rough cup-shaped base

Hint

You can easily discard options 2 and 3- Fruitless and Arid as they both mean the exact opposite of 'fertile'.

The correct answer is Majority.

Key Points

Majority: the greater number

From the given context, especially from the word 'great', we can understand that the major part of the population is being talked about. 

Additional Information

The meaning of the other words:

• Economy: the state of a country or region in terms of the production and consumption of goods and services and the supply of money
• Data: facts and statistics collected together for reference or analysis.
• World: the earth, together with all of its countries and peoples.
• Sphere: an area of activity, interest, or expertise; a section of society or an aspect of life distinguished and unified by a particular characteristic

The correct answer is Both 2 and 4.

Key Points

Analysts: persons who conduct analysis

Watchdogs: persons or groups that monitor the practices of companies providing a particular service or utility

From the context, we can understand that the current situation in Egypt has been analyzed and monitored by experts and the regime has been labelled 'authoritarian'. Though Analyst and Watchdogs are not entirely similar, both can be correct fits for the blank.

Additional Information

Meaning of the other words: 

• Cricketers: people who play cricket professionally
• Lumpens: members of the crude and uneducated lowest class of society
• Authoritarian(in the passage, in the solution): of, relating to, or favoring a concentration of power in a leader or an elite not constitutionally responsible to the people

The correct answer is Continues.

Key Points

Continues: persists in an activity or process

From the context, it is evident that the country still faces challenges, one of the recent ones being the 2011 revolution. Since the passage begins with the 1952 rebellion and takes us to the present times, the word Continues is a correct fit for the blank.

Additional Information

The meanings of the other words:

• Accepts: believes or comes to recognize (a proposition) as valid or correct
• Condones: accepts (behaviour that is considered morally wrong or offensive)
• Appeases: pacifies or placates (someone) by acceding to their demands
• Exemplifies: illustrate or clarify by giving an example

The correct answer is Signed.

Key Points

Signed: authorized (a document or other written or printed material) by attaching a signature

The context talks about an 'accord'. An official accord is an agreement or treaty between two or multiple parties. Hence we can see that Signed will be the correct fit for the blank.

Additional Information

The meanings of the other words:

• Bound: tied or fastened (something) tightly together
• Proved: demonstrated the truth or existence of (something) by evidence or argument
• Took: lay hold of (something) with one's hands; reach for and hold
• Fell: moved from a higher to a lower level, typically rapidly and without control

The correct answer is ​Endured.

Key Points

Endured: suffered (something painful or difficult) patiently

The context talks about Egypt suffering religious and social upheavals and going into war with another country. Thus Endured is the correct fit for the blank.

Additional Information

The meaning of the other words:

• Transferred: moved from one place to another
• Tormented: caused to experience severe mental or physical suffering
• Examined: inspected (someone or something) thoroughly in order to determine their nature or condition
• Evacuated: removed (someone) from a place of danger to a safer place

The correct answer is CBA. 

Key Points

Reading the given sentence we find that: 

• The first part of the sentence wrongly uses the word dynamics and should be replaced with the word famous.
• The sentence is talking about a famous story therefore A should be replaced with C.
• The word B is correctly used in the sentence i.e subtle picture means presenting the proper idea in a fine manner.
• Therefore the correct sequence will be CBA.

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The correct sentence will be: The famous story 'A Shadow' gives a subtle picture of the dynamics of relationship in an Indian family. 

Additional Information

• Subtle: so delicate or precise as to be difficult to analyse or describe.
• Dynamics: the forces or properties which stimulate growth, development, or change within a system or process

The correct answer is No error. 

Key Points

Reading the given sentence we find that: 

• Al the emboldened words are placed in the correct order.
• Thus the sentence does not require any changes and is contextually correct.

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Therefore the correct answer is No error. 

Additional Information

• Wasteland: An unused area of land that has become barren or overgrown.
• Species: A group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding.

The correct answer is ACB. 

Key Points

Reading the given sentence we find that: 

• In the first part of the sentence the word in bold has been correctly used.
• Therefore the position of the word A is correct and does not require any change.
• Whereas the words young mature does not make any sense.
• Therefore it should be replaced with C i.e gory.
• Gory means involving or showing violence and bloodshed and is regarded as something for mature audiences.
• Therefore gory is the correct fit.
• And the last part tells us that this content is not suitable for young children as it is filled with violence.

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Therefore the word marked with B should come in place of C. 

The correct sentence will be: The cartoon showcases some gory mature content that is not suitable for young children.

The correct answer is CBA. 

Key Points

Reading the given sentence we find that: 

• The first part is wrong when we consider the entire context of the sentence.
• A forest to the underworld does not make any contextual sense here.
• Instead, if the word forest is replaced with portal it gives us contextual sense and clarity.
• Therefore the word labelled A i.e portal should be replaced with C and vice versa.

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Therefore the correct sentence will be: Deep inside the forest lies a mysterious door, rumoured to be a portal to the underworld.  

Additional Information

• Portal: A doorway, a gate or an entrance.
• Underworld: The mythical abode of the dead, imagined to be under the earth.

The correct answer is CAB. 

Key Points

Reading the given sentence we find that: 

• In the first part we are talking about a form of system atrocity i.e systemic oppression.
• Thus the word marked with C should come in place of A.
• Next we are talking about the people who were affected by this oppression i.e the oppressed.
• Thus the word marked with A should come in place of B.
• Finally the sentences tells us about how that oppression is still kept alive to a small extent through our traditions and cultures we follow.
• Thus the word marked with B should come in place of of C.

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Therefore the correct sequence will be CAB. 

The correct sentence will be: The systemic oppression that the colonizers did to the minds of the oppressed resonates even today through our traditions and cultures.

At a first glance at the sentences, we find words or phrase like ‘so’, ‘also’, ‘in this scenario’, ‘accordingly’ in four out of the five sentences.

This clearly indicates that R is independent of the rest sentences and so R is the First sentence in the sequence.

Next, P describes why Disha is relaxed, the reason for which is ‘summer vacation’ which is in P.

It is clear that will T follow Q and precede S.

Therefore, P, Q, T, and S become the Second, Third, Fourth and Fifth sentences respectively in the sequence.

Therefore, the correct option is RPQTS.

Correct sequence:

1. R) Disha has come back home from the hostel because of the ongoing summer vacation.
2. P) So she is very relaxed and hopeful to spend these days in a jovial mood.
3. Q) Also, her relatives and cousins have come to her house for spending time together.
4. T) In this scenario, Disha decides that all will go for a short trip at some nearby place.
5. S) Accordingly, the tickets are booked for the to-and-fro journey along with the hotel booking at Puri.

On reading the sentences, it is clear T introduces the topic of discussion and is independent of the rest sentences and so T is the First sentence in the sequence.

Q throws some light on the topic introduced in T. So T becomes the second sentence with reference to the flow of information sequentially.

Next we see S throws a question to the audience which is generally the last sentence in any discussion. So is true for s here.

Now it easily indicates that R should precede S and follow P

Therefore, P, R and S become the Third, Fourth and Fifth sentences respectively.

Therefore, the correct option is TQPRS.

Correct sequence:

1. T)In a speech uploaded in the internet, we see our school teacher Rambabu addressing the masses from a stage.
2. Q)In his speech, he stresses on education, health, women empowerment and child care.
3. P)Though the speech as a whole is captivating and edifying, his saying “women are not meant for appeasing her near and dear ones, they have their individuality and identity and they themselves should be aware of this fact.”
4. R)Rightly this speech is gaining popularity and is spreading like a wildfire.
5. S)But the question remains whether the widespread circulation of this speech be equally complemented with its objective of comprehensive awareness.

Q introduces the topic of discussion and is independent of the rest sentences and so Q is the First sentence in the sequence.

Contextually P follows Q and so P is the Second sentence.

The position of the rest three sentences is easily understood if we concentrate on the course of action, say ‘first identified fortress’=>’next bastion’.

Clearly, S, R and T become the Third, Fourth and Fifth sentences respectively.

Therefore, the correct option is QPSRT.

Correct sequence:

1. Q)The King has come to know about some separatists who are indulging in agitation and contempt against the king and his administration.
2. P)Therefore, on getting genuine information from the emissaries about their accurate places of location, the King asks his commander-in-chief to find them out and take them to custody.
3. S)Accordingly the King’s soldiers attack the first identified fortress sheltering those equivocal masses.
4. R)Being attacked in an unprecedented fashion, the inhabitants of this fortress succumbed to death.
5. T)With the opponents there totally decimated, the King’s soldiers are marching towards its nest bastion.

The correct answer is option 3.

Key Points

• Let's understanding the meaning of the given phrases:
• work something out - make a calculation
• work out - be successful
• work out - exercise
• work (someone) over -  to hurt (someone) by hitting, kicking, etc.
• work through - to deal with (something that is difficult or unpleasant) successfully
• work (someone) up - to make (someone) feel very angry, excited, upset, etc.
• Since the given sentence talks about certain calculation, that is why the phrase 'work out' meaning 'make a calculation' is the most appropriate answer.

The correct answer is 'calls for'.

Key Points

• Here in the given sentence, 'calls on' is used which is wrong.
• Call for means make something necessary.
• Example-  For the unity of the country discipline among the people is called for.
• Call upon means to appeal or exhort.
• Example-  He was called upon to prove the correctness of the press reports.
• Call on means go and visit a person.
• Example-  It is a tradition for the CM to call on the President.
• Call up means to telephone or recall.
• Example-  Neha called me up to remind me about the meeting.
• Call off means to suspend or abandon.
• Example- We decided to call off the strike.
• Here in the given sentence the work needs or requires a high level of concentration.
• So, 'calls on' will be replaced by 'call for'.

The correct sentence: It is the sort of work that calls for a high level of concentration.

The correct answer is option 2 i.e. have to dot the I's and cross the t's.

Explanation:

First, let's look at the meaning of the given words in the options.

• Go to the whole hog:  to do something in a very thorough and complete way.
• Dot the I's and cross the t's: to take care of every detail, even minor ones.
• Be on your toes: to remain alert and ready for anything that might happen.
• Call a spade a spade: to say something the way it is.
• To linger on: to remain or stay on in a place or situation longer than is usual or expected.

Important Points

• This expression presumably began as an admonition to school children to write carefully and is sometimes shortened.
  

Based on all of the above meanings, option 2 i.e. dot the I's and cross the t's has the most similarity in meaning to the highlighted phrase.

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• As per the idiom, it begins with a verb.
• It refers to an action of dotting I's and crossing t's.
• Since the sentence is in the present tense, the verb 'have' is in the same tense.
• Also, the word dot and cross have been used in the infinitive form.
• Infinitives are usually preceded by a 'to.'
  

​​Therefore, the sentence is: The negotiations are nearly finished, but we still have to dot the I's and cross the t's.

The correct answer is allure.

Key Points

• allure -  the quality of being powerfully and mysteriously attractive or fascinating.

The sentence should be read as :​ The woman’s allure was her floral perfume that captivated the man’s senses

Additional Information

Let us look at the meaning of the other words:

• dissuade - persuade (someone) not to take a particular course of action.
• repulsed - reject or rebuff (an approach or offer or the person making it).
• boredom - the state of feeling bored.
• prevent -  keep (something) from happening.

Important Points

• The sentence talks about how the woman's perfume attracted the man.
• This makes allure the correct word for the given blank.

The correct answer is spiel.

Key Points

• spiel -  an elaborate or glib speech or story. (glib means (of words or a speaker) fluent but insincere and shallow.)

The sentence should be read as :​ The teacher gave his usual spiel about the importance of completing all assignments but the students just yawned.

Additional Information

Let us look at the meaning of the other words:

• banter - the playful and friendly exchange of teasing remarks.
• theory - a supposition or a system of ideas intended to explain something, especially one based on general principles independent of the thing to be explained.
• spill - cause or allow (liquid) to flow over the edge of its container, especially unintentionally.
• argument -  an exchange of diverging or opposite views, typically a heated or angry one.

Important Points

• The sentence talks about how the ‘teacher’ was giving an extremely boring lecture in which the students did not participate.
• This makes spiel the correct word for the given blank.

The correct answer is apprehension.

Key Points

• apprehension -  anxiety or fear that something bad or unpleasant will happen.

The sentence should be read as :​He felt a wave of apprehension and accelerated heart beat as the door opened. 

Additional Information

Let us look at the meaning of the other words:

• arrest - seize (someone) by legal authority and take them into custody.
• peace - freedom from disturbance
• discharge - tell (someone) officially that they can or must leave a place or situation.

Important Points

• The sentence talks about how the subject (he) was nervous when the door opened. This is evident by the increase (accelerated) in his heart beat.
• This makes apprehension the correct word for the given blank.

I. x² + 13x + 42 = 0

⇒ x² + 6x + 7x + 42 = 0

⇒ x(x + 6) + 7(x + 6) = 0

⇒ (x + 6)(x + 7) = 0

Then, x = - 6 or x = - 7

II. y² + 19y + 90 = 0

⇒ y² + 10y + 9y + 90 = 0

⇒ y(y + 10) + 9(y + 10) = 0

⇒ (y + 10)(y + 9) = 0

Then, y = - 10 or y = - 9

So, when x = - 6, x > y for y = - 10 and x > y for y = - 9

And when x = - 7, x > y for y = - 10 and x > y for y = - 9

∴ We can observe that x > y.

Calculation:

I. 6x² – 43x + 72 = 0

⇒ 6x² – 27x – 16x + 72 = 0

⇒ 3x(2x – 9) – 8(2x – 9) = 0

⇒ (2x – 9) (3x – 8) = 0

Thus, x = 9/2 or 8/3

II. 12y² – 61y + 70 = 0

⇒ 12y² – 21y – 40y + 70 = 0

⇒ 3y(4y – 7) – 10(4y – 7) = 0

⇒ (4y – 7) (3y – 10) = 0

Thus, y = 7/4 or 10/3

Comparison between x and y (via tabulation):

∴ We can observe that no relationship could be established between x and y

I. 3x² – 13x + 14 = 0

⇒ 3x² – 6x – 7x + 14 = 0

⇒ 3x(x – 2) – 7(x - 2) = 0

⇒ (3x – 7)(x – 2) = 0

Then, x = 7/3 or x = 2

II. 2y² – 3y – 2 = 0

⇒ 2y² – 4y + y – 2 = 0

⇒ 2y(y – 2) + 1(y – 2) = 0

⇒ (2y + 1)(y – 2) = 0

Then, y = -1/2 or y = 2

So, when x = 7/3, x > y for y = -1/2 and x > y for y = 2

And when x = 2, x > y for y = -1/2 and x = y for y = 2

∴ x ≥ y

I. 17x² – 153x + 238 = 0

⇒ x² – 9x + 14 = 0     [Dividing both sides by 17 ]

⇒ x² – 7x – 2x + 14 = 0

⇒ x(x – 7) – 2(x – 7) = 0

⇒ (x – 7)(x – 2) = 0

Then, x = + 7 or x = + 2

II. 2y² + 3y – 14 = 0

⇒ 2y² – 4y + 7y – 14 = 0

⇒ 2y(y – 2) + 7(y – 2) = 0

⇒ (y – 2)(2y + 7) = 0

Then, y = + 2 or y = - 7/2

So, when x = + 7, x > y for y = + 2 and x > y for y = - 7/2

And when x = + 2, x = y for y = + 2 and x > y for y = - 7/2 

∴ So, we can clearly observe that x ≥ y.

I. 2x² – 12x + 18 = 0

⇒ 2x² – 6x – 6x +18 = 0

⇒ 2x(x – 3) – 6(x – 3) = 0

⇒ (x – 3)(2x – 6) = 0

Then, x = + 3 or x = + 6/2 = + 3

II. 2y² – 19y + 39 = 0

⇒ 2y² – 13y – 6y + 39 = 0

⇒ y(2y – 13) – 3(2y – 13 ) = 0

⇒ (2y – 13)(y – 3) = 0

Then, y = + 13/2 or y = + 3

So, when x = + 3, x < y for y = + 13/2 and x = y for y = + 3

∴ So, we can clearly observe that x ≤ y.

On Wednesday

Total number of Veg and Non Veg delivered orders = 70% of 220 = 154

Total number of Non Veg delivered orders = 154 × (5/11) = 70

On Friday

Total number of Veg and Non Veg orders = 85% of 420 = 357

Total number of Non Veg orders = 357 × (4/7) = 204

∴ Required number of Non Veg orders = 70 + 204 = 274

On Sunday

Number of veg and non veg orders = 250 × 76% = 190

Number of veg orders = 190 × (11/19) = 110

On Monday

Number of veg and non veg orders = 320 × 75% = 240

Number of veg orders = 2400 × (2/3) = 160

Total number of veg orders on Sunday and Monday together = 110 + 160 = 270

On Tuesday

Number of veg and non veg orders = 280 × 50% = 140

Number of non veg orders = 140 × (5/14) = 50

On Wednesday

Number of veg and non veg orders = 70% of 220 = 154

Number of non veg orders = 154 × (5/11) = 70

Total number of non veg orders on Tuesday and Wednesday together = 50 + 70 = 120

∴ Required Ratio = 270 : 120 = 9 : 4

On Thursday

Number of veg and non veg orders = 380 × 80% = 304

Number of non veg orders = 304 × (1/2) = 152

On Monday

Number of veg and non veg orders = 320 × 75% = 240

Number of veg = 240 × (2/3) = 160

∴ Required Percentage = (152/160) × 100 = 95%

On Wednesday

Number of veg and non veg orders = 70% of 220 = 154

Number of veg orders = 154 × (6/11) = 84

 On Thursday

Number of veg and non veg orders = 380 × 80% = 304

Number of veg orders = 304 × (1/2) = 152

Total number of veg and non veg orders on Wednesday and Thursday = 84 + 152 = 236

On Thursday

Number of veg and non veg orders = 380 × 80% = 304

Number of non veg orders = 304 × (1/2) = 152

On Friday

Number of veg and non veg orders = 85% of 420 = 357

Number of non veg orders = 357 × (4/7) = 204

Total number of veg and non veg orders on Thursday and Friday = 152 + 204 = 356

∴ Required Difference = 356 – 236 = 120

On Wednesday

Number of veg and non veg orders = 70% of 220 = 154

Number of veg orders = 154 × (6/11) = 84

On Sunday

Number of veg and non veg orders = 76% of 250 = 190

Number of non veg orders = 190 × (8/19) = 80

∴ Required Percentage = [(84 – 80)/80] × 100 = 5%

The Given series,

⇒ 7 × 1 + 1 = 8

⇒ 8 × 2 + 2 = 16 + 2 = 18

⇒ 18 × 3 + 3 = 54 + 3 = 57 = ?

⇒ 57 × 4 + 4 = 228 + 4 = 232

⇒ 232 × 5 + 5 = 1160 + 5 = 1165

The pattern of the given series:

⇒ 4 + 11² = 125

⇒ 125 + 12² = 269

⇒ 269 + 13² = 438

⇒ 438 + 14² = 634 = ?

⇒ 634 + 15² = 859

∴ The missing number of the series = 634

The pattern of the number series is -

3 × 1 + 1² = 4

4 × 2 + 2² = 12

12 × 3 + 3² = 45

45 × 4 + 4² = 196

Hence 45 will come in place of question mark.

The given series is based on the following pattern.

120 ÷ 8 = 15

15 × 7 = 105

105 ÷ 6 = 17.5

17.5 × 5 = 87.5

? = 87.5 ÷ 4 = 21.875

Hence, 21.875 will come in place of question mark.

The given series is based on the following pattern.

12 × 1 = 12

12 × 1.5 = 18

18 × (1 + 1.5) = 18 × 2.5 = 45

45 × (1.5 + 2.5) = 45 × 4 = 180

180 × (4 + 2.5) = 180 × 6.5 = 1170

? = 1170 × (4 + 6.5) = 12285

Hence, 12285 will come in place of question mark.

The percentage increase for each year in the two schools is represented as:

 

∴ Required percentage = (20 + 20 + 40 + 50 + 50)/5 = 36%

The percentage increase for each year in the two schools is represented as:

 

Let the number of students in 2018 are x

⇒ x = 5000 × 140% × 150% × 150%

⇒ x = 5000 × (7/5) × (3/2) × (3/2)

⇒ x = 15750

∴ Number of students in 2018 were 15750

As information given in percentage only. So, number of students cannot be determined.

Important Points

It must be noted that the number of students cannot be determined by using only the percentage increase in the number of students. We need to have the value of at least one of the years, to determine the value required.

The percentage increase for each year in the two schools is represented as:

 

∴ Required difference is highest in 2015.

The percentage increase for each year in the two schools is represented as:

 

∴ In government schools, the highest percentage increase from the previous year is seen in the year 2017.

Shortcut Trick

Sum of present ages = 21 × 2 = 42 years.

Sum of ages after 3 years = 42 + (3 × 2) = 48 years.

Ratio after 3 years = 7 : 5 (Total parts = 12).

Ritik age after 3 years = (7 ÷ 12) × 48 = 28 years.

Ritik age after 4 years = 28 + 1 = 29 years.

∴ The correct answer is 29 years.

Alternate Method

Given: Average age of Ritik (R) and Monis (M) = 21 years.

Formula: Sum = Average × Number of persons.

⇒ Present Sum (R + M) = 21 × 2 = 42 years.

⇒ Let their ages after 3 years be 7x and 5x.

⇒ Sum after 3 years = 42 + 3 + 3 = 48 years.

⇒ 7x + 5x = 48

⇒ 12x = 48 ⇒ x = 4.

⇒ Ritik age after 3 years = 7 × 4 = 28 years.

⇒ Ritik present age = 28 − 3 = 25 years.

⇒ Ritik age after 4 years = 25 + 4 = 29 years.

∴ The correct answer is 29 years.

Additional Information

Average Age Concept

If the average age of n people is A, then after 't' years, the new average will be A + t.

Ratio and Sum Relationship

When a sum S is divided in ratio a:b, the parts are [a/(a+b)] × S and [b/(a+b)] × S.

Age Gap Consistency

The difference between the ages of two people remains constant throughout their lives.

Shortcut Trick

Assume Total Fruits = 100 units.

Rotten = 20% of 100 = 20 units; Remaining = 80 units.

Sold = 75% of 80 = 60 units; Remaining = 20 units.

Juice = 50% of 20 = 10 units.

Difference (Rotten − Juice) = 20 − 10 = 10 units → 48 fruits.

10 units = 48 ⇒ 100 units = 480 fruits.

∴ The correct answer is 480 fruits.

Alternate Method

Given:

Rotten percentage = 20%

Sold percentage of remaining = 75%

Juice percentage of next remaining = 50%

Difference (Rotten − Juice) = 48

Calculations:

⇒ Let total fruits be x.

⇒ Rotten fruits = 0.20x

⇒ Remaining after rotten = x − 0.20x = 0.80x

⇒ Fruits sold = 75% of 0.80x = 0.60x

⇒ Remaining after selling = 0.80x − 0.60x = 0.20x

⇒ Fruits used for juice = 50% of 0.20x = 0.10x

⇒ According to question: 0.20x − 0.10x = 48

⇒ 0.10x = 48

⇒ x = 48 ÷ 0.10 = 480

∴ The correct answer is 480 fruits.

Additional Information

Percentage Change

Successive percentage applications can be solved using the chain rule or by assuming a base value of 100 to simplify calculations.

Remaining Value Formula

Final Value = Initial Value × (1 − r₁/100) × (1 − r₂/100) where r represents the percentage removed at each step.

Shortcut Trick

Current total age of 4 members = (14 + 3) × 4 = 68 years.

Current total age of 5 members (including daughter) = 14 × 5 = 70 years.

Daughter's age = 70 − 68 = 2 years.

∴ The correct answer is 2 years.

Alternate Method

Given:

Number of members initially = 4

Average age 3 years ago = 14 years

Current number of members = 5 (4 + 1 daughter)

Current average age = 14 years

Calculations:

⇒ Total age of 4 members 3 years ago = 4 × 14 = 56 years

⇒ Current total age of these 4 members = 56 + (4 × 3) = 56 + 12 = 68 years

⇒ Total age of 5 members today = 5 × 14 = 70 years

⇒ Age of daughter = Total age of 5 members − Total age of 4 members

⇒ Age of daughter = 70 − 68 = 2 years

∴ The correct answer is 2 years.

Additional Information

Effect of Time on Average

If every member in a group ages by n years, the average age of the group also increases by exactly n years.

Total Age Formula

Total Age = Average Age × Number of Members. This is the fundamental relation used to find the age of a new or excluded member.

New Member Inclusion

Age of new member = (New Average × New Count) − (Old Average × Old Count). If time has passed, update the old total first.

Shortcut Trick

Probability = (1/2 × Mangoes in Basket 1 / Total in Basket 1) + (1/2 × Mangoes in Basket 2 / Total in Basket 2)

P(M) = 1/2 × (7/13 + 8/13)

P(M) = 1/2 × 15/13 = 15/26

∴ The correct answer is 15/26.

Alternate Method

Given:

Basket 1: 6 Oranges, 7 Mangoes | Total = 13

Basket 2: 5 Oranges, 8 Mangoes | Total = 13

Formula: P(A) = P(B₁) × P(A/B₁) + P(B₂) × P(A/B₂)

⇒ Probability of choosing either basket = 1/2

⇒ P(Mango from Basket 1) = 1/2 × 7/13 = 7/26

⇒ P(Mango from Basket 2) = 1/2 × 8/13 = 8/26

⇒ Total Probability = 7/26 + 8/26 = 15/26

∴ The correct answer is 15/26.

Additional Information

Law of Total Probability

Used to find the probability of an event that can happen through multiple distinct paths (like different baskets).

Mutually Exclusive Events

If events cannot happen at the same time (drawing from Basket 1 OR Basket 2), we add their individual probabilities.

Independent Selection

When selecting an item involves two steps (choosing a container, then an item), the probabilities of each step are multiplied.

Shortcut Trick

Principal for each scheme = 20,000 ÷ 2 = ₹10,000.

For 2 years, Difference between Compound Interest and Simple Interest is P × (r/100)².

Difference = 10,000 × (10/100) × (10/100) = ₹100.

Difference between Total Amounts is the same as the difference between Interests.

∴ The correct answer is ₹100.

Alternate Method

Given: Total Principal = ₹20,000 | P_A = P_B = ₹10,000 | Rate (r) = 10% | Time (t) = 2 years.

Formula Used: SI = (P × r × t)/100 | CI Amount = P(1 + r/100)^t

⇒ Scheme A (Simple Interest): SI = (10,000 × 10 × 2) ÷ 100 = ₹2,000.

⇒ Total Amount A = 10,000 + 2,000 = ₹12,000.

⇒ Scheme B (Compound Interest): CI Amount = 10,000 × (1 + 10/100)².

⇒ CI Amount = 10,000 × (1.1) × (1.1) = 10,000 × 1.21 = ₹12,100.

⇒ Difference = ₹12,100 − ₹12,000 = ₹100.

∴ The correct answer is ₹100.

Additional Information

SI vs CI Difference (2 Years)

The difference between CI and SI for 2 years is always P(r/100)².

Effective Rate of Interest

For 10% rate over 2 years, effective SI is 20% and effective CI is 21% (using x + y + xy/100).

Difference for 3 Years

The formula for 3 years difference is P(r/100)² × (3 + r/100).

 

Number of female students in Mathematics coaching = 40% of 45

⇒ 18

Number of male students in Mathematics coaching = 45 – 18

⇒ 27

Number of female students in English coaching = 60% of 45

⇒ 27

Number of male students in English coaching = 45 – 27

⇒ 18

Total number of male students in Mathematics and English coaching = 27 + 18

⇒ 45

 

Required average = (84 + 60 + 45)/3

⇒ 63

 

Hence, number of students enrolled for Physics coaching = 66

 

Number of students enrolled for Mathematics and English coaching together = 45 + 45

⇒ 90

Number of students enrolled for Computer and Physics coaching together = 66 + 84

⇒ 150

Required difference = 150 – 90

⇒ 60

 

Number of male students in Physics coaching = 66 × (1/3)

⇒ 22

Number of female students in Physics coaching = 66 × (2/3)

⇒ 44

Required difference = 44 – 22

⇒ 22

Shortcut Trick

Total Work = 72 units (LCM of 24 and 36)

Efficiency of A = 3, B = 2

Work done by A in 15 days (9 + 6) = 3 × 15 = 45 units

Work done by B in 9 days = 2 × 9 = 18 units

Work done by C = 72 − (45 + 18) = 9 units

C's wages = (9/72) × 2880 = ₹360

∴ The correct answer is ₹360.

Alternate Method

Given: A's time = 24 days, B's time = 36 days, Total Wages = ₹2880

⇒ Work done by A and B together in first 9 days = (3 + 2) × 9 = 45 units

⇒ Remaining work after 9 days = 72 − 45 = 27 units

⇒ This 27 units is completed by A and C in 6 days.

⇒ Work done by A in these 6 days = 3 × 6 = 18 units

⇒ Work done by C in these 6 days = 27 − 18 = 9 units

⇒ Wage is distributed in the ratio of work done.

⇒ C's Share = (Work by C ÷ Total Work) × Total Wages

⇒ C's Share = (9 ÷ 72) × 2880

⇒ C's Share = (1 ÷ 8) × 2880 = 360

∴ The correct answer is ₹360.

Additional Information

Work and Wages Principle

Wages are always distributed in the ratio of the work done by each individual. If all persons work for the same duration, wages can be distributed in the ratio of their efficiencies.

Efficiency and Time Relationship

Efficiency is inversely proportional to the time taken to complete a task. Efficiency = Total Work ÷ Time.

Combined Work formula

If A can do a work in x days and B in y days, together they take (x × y) ÷ (x + y) days.

Shortcut Trick

Initial Ratio (Water : Milk) = 4 : 5

Final Ratio (Water : Milk) = 15 : 32

Apply Cross-Multiplication Method: (4 × 32) − (5 × 15) units = (15 × 21) − (−15 × 32)

128 − 75 units = 315 + 480 ⇒ 53 units = 795 ⇒ 1 unit = 15 litres

Initial Water = 4 units = 4 × 15 = 60 litres

∴ The correct answer is 60 litres.

Alternate Method

Given: Initial ratio 4 : 5. Let water = 4x and milk = 5x.

Formula Used: Final Quantity = Initial Quantity ± Change

⇒ (4x − 15) / (5x + 21) = 15 / 32

⇒ 32 × (4x − 15) = 15 × (5x + 21)

⇒ 128x − 480 = 75x + 315

⇒ 128x − 75x = 315 + 480

⇒ 53x = 795

⇒ x = 795 ÷ 53 = 15

⇒ Initial Water = 4x = 4 × 15 = 60 litres

∴ The correct answer is 60 litres.

Additional Information

Ratio and Proportion

If a:b is the ratio, then the quantities can be assumed as ax and bx, where x is the common multiplier.

Mixture Replacement

When a specific quantity is added or removed, the change only affects that specific component in the equation.

Cross Multiplication Trick

Used when initial ratio and changes are known to find the final or initial values without long algebraic steps.

Shortcut Trick

Distance covered by Train A in 1 hour (10 a.m. to 11 a.m.) = 40 km.

Remaining distance at 11 a.m. = 310 − 40 = 270 km.

Relative speed (opposite direction) = 40 + 50 = 90 kmph.

Meeting time after 11 a.m. = 270 ÷ 90 = 3 hours.

Meeting time = 11 a.m. + 3 hours = 2 p.m.

∴ The correct answer is 2 P.M.

Alternate Method

Given: Total distance = 310 km. Speed of Train A = 40 kmph. Speed of Train B = 50 kmph. Start times: 10 a.m. and 11 a.m.

Formula Used: Distance = Speed × Time; Relative Speed = S₁ + S₂ (Opposite direction).

⇒ Distance covered by Train A in 1 hour (from 10 a.m. to 11 a.m.) = 40 × 1 = 40 km.

⇒ Remaining distance to be covered by both trains = 310 − 40 = 270 km.

⇒ Relative speed = 40 + 50 = 90 kmph.

⇒ Time taken to meet = 270 ÷ 90 = 3 hours.

⇒ Actual meeting time = 11:00 a.m. + 3 hours = 2:00 p.m.

∴ The correct answer is 2 P.M.

Additional Information

Relative Speed Concept

When two objects move in opposite directions, relative speed = S₁ + S₂. When they move in the same direction, relative speed = |S₁ − S₂|.

Meeting Time Calculation

Meeting Time = (Distance between them when both are in motion) ÷ Relative Speed.

Average Speed

For the same distance covered at speeds x and y, Average Speed = 2xy ÷ (x + y).

Shortcut Trick

Profit distribution ratio is the same as the Investment Ratio = 5 : 9.

Roma's share (5 units) = Rs. 9800.

Value of 1 unit = 9800 ÷ 5 = Rs. 1960.

Sima's share (9 units) = 9 × 1960 = Rs. 17640.

Note: Since both shares come from the same remaining amount, the 30% deduction applies to the total before division and doesn't change the 5:9 ratio between them.

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 17640.

Alternate Method

Given → Investment Ratio (Roma : Sima) = 5 : 9 | Shop Expense = 30% | Roma's Share = Rs. 9800. Formulas: Profit Share ∝ Investment | Remaining Profit = Total Profit − Shop Expense.

⇒ Let the remaining profit be P. ⇒ Roma's share = (5 ÷ (5 + 9)) × P = 9800. ⇒ (5 ÷ 14) × P = 9800. ⇒ P = (9800 × 14) ÷ 5 = 1960 × 14 = Rs. 27440. ⇒ Sima's share = (9 ÷ 14) × P = (9 ÷ 14) × 27440. ⇒ Sima's share = 9 × 1960 = Rs. 17640.

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 17640.

Additional Information

Partnership Profit Distribution

When the time period of investment is the same for all partners, the profit is divided in the direct ratio of their capitals.

Effective Ratio

If time periods are different, Profit Ratio = (Capital₁ × Time₁) : (Capital₂ × Time₂).

Shortcut Trick

Let Cost Price (CP) be 100.

Marked Price (MP) = 100 × 1.20 = 120.

Profit on item without discount = 120 − 100 = 20%.

Profit on item with 5% discount = 120 × 0.95 − 100 = 114 − 100 = 14%.

Average Profit Percentage = (20% + 14%) ÷ 2 = 17%.

∴ The correct answer is 17%.

Alternate Method

Given: MP is 20% above CP, Discount = 5% (on one item), Selling Price of two items to B.

Formulas: Profit = SP − CP | Profit% = (Profit ÷ CP) × 100 | SP = MP × (100 − D%) ÷ 100

⇒ Let CP of one item = x. Total CP for two items = 2x.

⇒ Marked Price (MP) = 1.2x.

⇒ SP of first item (no discount) = 1.2x.

⇒ SP of second item (5% discount) = 1.2x × 0.95 = 1.14x.

⇒ Total SP = 1.2x + 1.14x = 2.34x.

⇒ Total Profit = 2.34x − 2x = 0.34x.

⇒ Profit Percentage = (0.34x ÷ 2x) × 100 = 17%.

∴ The correct answer is 17%.

Additional Information

Marked Price and Markup

Markup is the extra amount added to the cost price to arrive at the marked price. Formula: Markup % = [(MP − CP) ÷ CP] × 100.

Effective Discount

When multiple items are sold with different discounts, the net profit is the average of the individual profits per item relative to the total cost.

From the given information,

1. D is the granddaughter of A, who is the father of F.

2. J is the sister-in-law of H, who is the sister of F. ( This implies that J is the wife of F).

3. H is the daughter-in-law of I, who is the grandfather of E.

4. C has two children, one son, and a daughter H. (From here we say C is the wife of A).

5. G is the son-in-law of A. ( This implies G is the husband of H).

6. There are five males and four females in it. ( This implies E is the son of H and G).

Hence, H is the aunt of D.

From the given information,

<br>

 

1. D is the granddaughter of A, who is the father of F.

2. J is the sister-in-law of H, who is the sister of F. ( This implies that J is the wife of F).

3. H is the daughter-in-law of I, who is the grandfather of E.

4. C has two children, one son, and a daughter H. (From here we say C is the wife of A).

5. G is the son-in-law of A. ( This implies G is the husband of H).

6. There are five males and four females in it. ( This implies E is the son of H and G).

Hence, J is the daughter-in-law of C.

From the given information,

 

 

1. D is the granddaughter of A, who is the father of F.

2. J is the sister-in-law of H, who is the sister of F. ( This implies that J is the wife of F).

3. H is the daughter-in-law of I, who is the grandfather of E.

4) C has two children, one son, and a daughter H. (From here we say C is the wife of A).

5) G is the son-in-law of A. ( This implies G is the husband of H).

6) There are five males and four females in it. ( This implies E is the son of H and G).

Hence, D is the cousin of E.

Given,

6 people - P, Q, R, S, T and U

Dates - 18th and 25th

Months - June, August, September

Cities-  Bhopal, Indore, Pune, Delhi, Goa and Kolkata.

1. P having flight on even number date and on the month having 30 days.

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2. Two persons having flights between P's flight and the one whose flight from Kolkata.  

<br>

3. U having flight immediately after the person whose flight from Kolkata.  

<br>

4. The person having flight from Bhopal on 25th September is immediate after the U's flight.

(Case II eliminated because given The person having flight from Bhopal on 25th September is immediate after the U's flight that is not follows in case II)

<br>

5. Total number of flights after the one whose flight from Bhopal is equal to the total number of flights before the one whose flight from Delhi. 

<br>

6. R's flight from Indore is immediate after the S's flight. 
7. One person having flight between S's flight and T's flight.

<br>

8.The person having flight from Pune is immediate before Q's flight.

(Goa is remaining so S having flight from Goa)

<br>

Hence, U having flight from Pune.

Given,

6 people - P, Q, R, S, T and U

Dates - 18th and 25th

Month - June, August, September

Cities -  Bhopal, Indore, Pune, Delhi, Goa and Kolkata.

1. P having flight on even number date and on the month having 30 days.

<br>

2. Two persons having flights between P's flight and the one whose flight from Kolkata.  

<br>

3. U having flight immediately after the person whose flight from Kolkata.  

<br>

4. The person having flight from Bhopal on 25th September is immediate after the U's flight.

(Case II eliminated because given The person having flight from Bhopal on 25th September is immediate after the U's flight that is not follows in case II)

<br>

5. Total number of flights after the one whose flight from Bhopal is equal to the total number of flights before the one whose flight from Delhi. 

<br>

6. R's flight from Indore is immediate after the S's flight. 
7. One person having flight between S's flight and T's flight.

<br>

8.The person having flight from Pune is immediate  before Q's flight.

(Goa is remaining so S having flight from Goa)

<br>

Hence, Three persons having flights between P and U.

Given,

6 people - P, Q, R, S, T and U

Dates - 18th and 25th

Month - June, August, September

Cities -  Bhopal, Indore, Pune, Delhi, Goa and Kolkata.

1. P having flight on even number date and on the month having 30 days.

<br>

2. Two persons having flights between P's flight and the one whose flight from Kolkata.  

<br>

3. U having flight immediately after the person whose flight from Kolkata.  

<br>

4. The person having flight from Bhopal on 25th September is immediate after the U's flight.

(Case II eliminated because given The person having flight from Bhopal on 25th September is immediate after the U's flight that is not follows in case II)

<br>

5. Total number of flights after the one whose flight from Bhopal is equal to the total number of flights before the one whose flight from Delhi. 

<br>

6. R's flight from Indore is immediate after the S's flight. 
7. One person having flight between S's flight and T's flight.

<br>

8. The person having flight from Pune is immediate before Q's flight.

(Goa is remaining so S having flight from Goa)

<br>

Hence, T has his flight from Kolkata.