English Comprehension PYQs

Directions: Seven sentences are given, in which one sentence is jumbled; also one sentence is going to be filled with the appropriate word. Firstly, arrange the jumbled sentence to form a meaningful sentence and then finally arrange the sentences to form a meaningful paragraph. Out of the seven sentences, there is one sentence that does not fit into the theme of the passage thus formed. Read the sentences carefully and answer the questions that follow.

P: Second, act as a platform for attracting private excess global debt capital and Third, bring to the market innovative financial solutions that reduce risk and improve return profiles.

Q: garnering adequate capital(A)/sector seems a mammoth task(B)/With the pandemic,(C)/ / for the infrastructure(D) /

R: To give India’s infrastructure sector a further boost, a National infrastructure Bank can be the third key element along with the already existing _______ project pipeline and favorable public policy. 

S: This bank can be formed with a vision of achieving three key objectives First, provide long-term and flexible funding for Infrastructure projects that match the project tenure requirements.

T: Infrastructure investment in digital technology increased access to mobile broadband, fibre-optic cable connections, and power-supply expansion combined with the expansion of low-cost smartphones has enabled millions of Indians to connect to the internet for the first time.

U: This is the appropriate time for the country to set up a National Infrastructure Bank.

V: The solution lies in setting up a robust financial institution, which can be at the forefront of India’s infrastructure growth story.

Directions: Seven sentences are given, in which one sentence is jumbled; also one sentence is going to be filled with the appropriate word. Firstly, arrange the jumbled sentence to form a meaningful sentence and then finally arrange the sentences to form a meaningful paragraph. Out of the seven sentences, there is one sentence that does not fit into the theme of the passage thus formed. Read the sentences carefully and answer the questions that follow.

P: Second, act as a platform for attracting private excess global debt capital and Third, bring to the market innovative financial solutions that reduce risk and improve return profiles.

Q: garnering adequate capital(A)/sector seems a mammoth task(B)/With the pandemic,(C)/ / for the infrastructure(D) /

R: To give India’s infrastructure sector a further boost, a National infrastructure Bank can be the third key element along with the already existing _______ project pipeline and favorable public policy. 

S: This bank can be formed with a vision of achieving three key objectives First, provide long-term and flexible funding for Infrastructure projects that match the project tenure requirements.

T: Infrastructure investment in digital technology increased access to mobile broadband, fibre-optic cable connections, and power-supply expansion combined with the expansion of low-cost smartphones has enabled millions of Indians to connect to the internet for the first time.

U: This is the appropriate time for the country to set up a National Infrastructure Bank.

V: The solution lies in setting up a robust financial institution, which can be at the forefront of India’s infrastructure growth story.

Directions: Seven sentences are given, in which one sentence is jumbled; also one sentence is going to be filled with the appropriate word. Firstly, arrange the jumbled sentence to form a meaningful sentence and then finally arrange the sentences to form a meaningful paragraph. Out of the seven sentences, there is one sentence that does not fit into the theme of the passage thus formed. Read the sentences carefully and answer the questions that follow.

P: Second, act as a platform for attracting private excess global debt capital and Third, bring to the market innovative financial solutions that reduce risk and improve return profiles.

Q: garnering adequate capital(A)/sector seems a mammoth task(B)/With the pandemic,(C)/ / for the infrastructure(D) /

R: To give India’s infrastructure sector a further boost, a National infrastructure Bank can be the third key element along with the already existing _______ project pipeline and favorable public policy. 

S: This bank can be formed with a vision of achieving three key objectives First, provide long-term and flexible funding for Infrastructure projects that match the project tenure requirements.

T: Infrastructure investment in digital technology increased access to mobile broadband, fibre-optic cable connections, and power-supply expansion combined with the expansion of low-cost smartphones has enabled millions of Indians to connect to the internet for the first time.

U: This is the appropriate time for the country to set up a National Infrastructure Bank.

V: The solution lies in setting up a robust financial institution, which can be at the forefront of India’s infrastructure growth story.

Directions: Seven sentences are given, in which one sentence is jumbled; also one sentence is going to be filled with the appropriate word. Firstly, arrange the jumbled sentence to form a meaningful sentence and then finally arrange the sentences to form a meaningful paragraph. Out of the seven sentences, there is one sentence that does not fit into the theme of the passage thus formed. Read the sentences carefully and answer the questions that follow.

P: Second, act as a platform for attracting private excess global debt capital and Third, bring to the market innovative financial solutions that reduce risk and improve return profiles.

Q: garnering adequate capital(A)/sector seems a mammoth task(B)/With the pandemic,(C)/ / for the infrastructure(D) /

R: To give India’s infrastructure sector a further boost, a National infrastructure Bank can be the third key element along with the already existing _______ project pipeline and favorable public policy. 

S: This bank can be formed with a vision of achieving three key objectives First, provide long-term and flexible funding for Infrastructure projects that match the project tenure requirements.

T: Infrastructure investment in digital technology increased access to mobile broadband, fibre-optic cable connections, and power-supply expansion combined with the expansion of low-cost smartphones has enabled millions of Indians to connect to the internet for the first time.

U: This is the appropriate time for the country to set up a National Infrastructure Bank.

V: The solution lies in setting up a robust financial institution, which can be at the forefront of India’s infrastructure growth story.

Directions: Seven sentences are given, in which one sentence is jumbled; also one sentence is going to be filled with the appropriate word. Firstly, arrange the jumbled sentence to form a meaningful sentence and then finally arrange the sentences to form a meaningful paragraph. Out of the seven sentences, there is one sentence that does not fit into the theme of the passage thus formed. Read the sentences carefully and answer the questions that follow.

P: Second, act as a platform for attracting private excess global debt capital and Third, bring to the market innovative financial solutions that reduce risk and improve return profiles.

Q: garnering adequate capital(A)/sector seems a mammoth task(B)/With the pandemic,(C)/ / for the infrastructure(D) /

R: To give India’s infrastructure sector a further boost, a National infrastructure Bank can be the third key element along with the already existing _______ project pipeline and favorable public policy. 

S: This bank can be formed with a vision of achieving three key objectives First, provide long-term and flexible funding for Infrastructure projects that match the project tenure requirements.

T: Infrastructure investment in digital technology increased access to mobile broadband, fibre-optic cable connections, and power-supply expansion combined with the expansion of low-cost smartphones has enabled millions of Indians to connect to the internet for the first time.

U: This is the appropriate time for the country to set up a National Infrastructure Bank.

V: The solution lies in setting up a robust financial institution, which can be at the forefront of India’s infrastructure growth story.

Direction: Read the passage given below and answer the following questions. 

Artificial intelligence is as abstract as thought, written in computer code, but people imagine AI embodied in humanoid form. Robotic hardware has a lot of catching up to do, however. Realistic, AI-generated avatars will have AI-generated conversations and sing AI-generated songs, and even teach our children. Deepfakes also exist, where the face and voice of one person, for example, is transposed onto a video of another. We’ve also seen realistic AI-generated faces of people who don’t exist. Researchers are working on combining the technologies to create realistic 2D avatars of people who can interact in real-time, showing emotion and making context-relevant gestures. A Samsung-associated company called Neon has introduced an early version of such avatars, though the technology has a long way to go before it is practical to use. Such avatars could help revolutionize education. Artificial intelligence researchers are already developing AI tutoring systems that can track student behavior, predict their performance and deliver content and strategies to both improve that performance and prevent students from losing interest. AI tutors hold the promise of truly personalized education available to anyone in the world with an Internet-connected device — provided they are willing to surrender some privacy. “Having a visual interaction with a face that expresses emotions, that expresses support, is very important for teachers,” said Yoshua Bengio, a professor at the University of Montreal and the founder of Mila, an artificial intelligence research institute. Korbit, a company founded by one of his students, Iulian Serban, and Riiid, based in South Korea, are already using this technology in education, though Bengio says it may be a decade or more before such tutors have natural language fluidity and semantic understanding. There are seemingly endless ways in which artificial intelligence is beginning to touch our lives, from discovering new materials to new drugs — AI has already played a role in the development of COVID-19 vaccines by narrowing the field of possibilities for scientists to search — to picking the fruit we eat and sorting the garbage we throw away. Self-driving cars work, they’re just waiting for laws and regulations to catch up with them.

Direction: Read the passage given below and answer the following questions. 

Artificial intelligence is as abstract as thought, written in computer code, but people imagine AI embodied in humanoid form. Robotic hardware has a lot of catching up to do, however. Realistic, AI-generated avatars will have AI-generated conversations and sing AI-generated songs, and even teach our children. Deepfakes also exist, where the face and voice of one person, for example, is transposed onto a video of another. We’ve also seen realistic AI-generated faces of people who don’t exist. Researchers are working on combining the technologies to create realistic 2D avatars of people who can interact in real-time, showing emotion and making context-relevant gestures. A Samsung-associated company called Neon has introduced an early version of such avatars, though the technology has a long way to go before it is practical to use. Such avatars could help revolutionize education. Artificial intelligence researchers are already developing AI tutoring systems that can track student behavior, predict their performance and deliver content and strategies to both improve that performance and prevent students from losing interest. AI tutors hold the promise of truly personalized education available to anyone in the world with an Internet-connected device — provided they are willing to surrender some privacy. “Having a visual interaction with a face that expresses emotions, that expresses support, is very important for teachers,” said Yoshua Bengio, a professor at the University of Montreal and the founder of Mila, an artificial intelligence research institute. Korbit, a company founded by one of his students, Iulian Serban, and Riiid, based in South Korea, are already using this technology in education, though Bengio says it may be a decade or more before such tutors have natural language fluidity and semantic understanding. There are seemingly endless ways in which artificial intelligence is beginning to touch our lives, from discovering new materials to new drugs — AI has already played a role in the development of COVID-19 vaccines by narrowing the field of possibilities for scientists to search — to picking the fruit we eat and sorting the garbage we throw away. Self-driving cars work, they’re just waiting for laws and regulations to catch up with them.

Direction: Read the passage given below and answer the following questions. 

Artificial intelligence is as abstract as thought, written in computer code, but people imagine AI embodied in humanoid form. Robotic hardware has a lot of catching up to do, however. Realistic, AI-generated avatars will have AI-generated conversations and sing AI-generated songs, and even teach our children. Deepfakes also exist, where the face and voice of one person, for example, is transposed onto a video of another. We’ve also seen realistic AI-generated faces of people who don’t exist. Researchers are working on combining the technologies to create realistic 2D avatars of people who can interact in real-time, showing emotion and making context-relevant gestures. A Samsung-associated company called Neon has introduced an early version of such avatars, though the technology has a long way to go before it is practical to use. Such avatars could help revolutionize education. Artificial intelligence researchers are already developing AI tutoring systems that can track student behavior, predict their performance and deliver content and strategies to both improve that performance and prevent students from losing interest. AI tutors hold the promise of truly personalized education available to anyone in the world with an Internet-connected device — provided they are willing to surrender some privacy. “Having a visual interaction with a face that expresses emotions, that expresses support, is very important for teachers,” said Yoshua Bengio, a professor at the University of Montreal and the founder of Mila, an artificial intelligence research institute. Korbit, a company founded by one of his students, Iulian Serban, and Riiid, based in South Korea, are already using this technology in education, though Bengio says it may be a decade or more before such tutors have natural language fluidity and semantic understanding. There are seemingly endless ways in which artificial intelligence is beginning to touch our lives, from discovering new materials to new drugs — AI has already played a role in the development of COVID-19 vaccines by narrowing the field of possibilities for scientists to search — to picking the fruit we eat and sorting the garbage we throw away. Self-driving cars work, they’re just waiting for laws and regulations to catch up with them.

Direction: Read the passage given below and answer the following questions. 

Artificial intelligence is as abstract as thought, written in computer code, but people imagine AI embodied in humanoid form. Robotic hardware has a lot of catching up to do, however. Realistic, AI-generated avatars will have AI-generated conversations and sing AI-generated songs, and even teach our children. Deepfakes also exist, where the face and voice of one person, for example, is transposed onto a video of another. We’ve also seen realistic AI-generated faces of people who don’t exist. Researchers are working on combining the technologies to create realistic 2D avatars of people who can interact in real-time, showing emotion and making context-relevant gestures. A Samsung-associated company called Neon has introduced an early version of such avatars, though the technology has a long way to go before it is practical to use. Such avatars could help revolutionize education. Artificial intelligence researchers are already developing AI tutoring systems that can track student behavior, predict their performance and deliver content and strategies to both improve that performance and prevent students from losing interest. AI tutors hold the promise of truly personalized education available to anyone in the world with an Internet-connected device — provided they are willing to surrender some privacy. “Having a visual interaction with a face that expresses emotions, that expresses support, is very important for teachers,” said Yoshua Bengio, a professor at the University of Montreal and the founder of Mila, an artificial intelligence research institute. Korbit, a company founded by one of his students, Iulian Serban, and Riiid, based in South Korea, are already using this technology in education, though Bengio says it may be a decade or more before such tutors have natural language fluidity and semantic understanding. There are seemingly endless ways in which artificial intelligence is beginning to touch our lives, from discovering new materials to new drugs — AI has already played a role in the development of COVID-19 vaccines by narrowing the field of possibilities for scientists to search — to picking the fruit we eat and sorting the garbage we throw away. Self-driving cars work, they’re just waiting for laws and regulations to catch up with them.

Direction: Read the passage given below and answer the following questions. 

Artificial intelligence is as abstract as thought, written in computer code, but people imagine AI embodied in humanoid form. Robotic hardware has a lot of catching up to do, however. Realistic, AI-generated avatars will have AI-generated conversations and sing AI-generated songs, and even teach our children. Deepfakes also exist, where the face and voice of one person, for example, is transposed onto a video of another. We’ve also seen realistic AI-generated faces of people who don’t exist. Researchers are working on combining the technologies to create realistic 2D avatars of people who can interact in real-time, showing emotion and making context-relevant gestures. A Samsung-associated company called Neon has introduced an early version of such avatars, though the technology has a long way to go before it is practical to use. Such avatars could help revolutionize education. Artificial intelligence researchers are already developing AI tutoring systems that can track student behavior, predict their performance and deliver content and strategies to both improve that performance and prevent students from losing interest. AI tutors hold the promise of truly personalized education available to anyone in the world with an Internet-connected device — provided they are willing to surrender some privacy. “Having a visual interaction with a face that expresses emotions, that expresses support, is very important for teachers,” said Yoshua Bengio, a professor at the University of Montreal and the founder of Mila, an artificial intelligence research institute. Korbit, a company founded by one of his students, Iulian Serban, and Riiid, based in South Korea, are already using this technology in education, though Bengio says it may be a decade or more before such tutors have natural language fluidity and semantic understanding. There are seemingly endless ways in which artificial intelligence is beginning to touch our lives, from discovering new materials to new drugs — AI has already played a role in the development of COVID-19 vaccines by narrowing the field of possibilities for scientists to search — to picking the fruit we eat and sorting the garbage we throw away. Self-driving cars work, they’re just waiting for laws and regulations to catch up with them.

Direction: Read the passage given below and answer the following questions.

Astroscale is a space sustainability company headquartered in Tokyo that is committed to creating solutions for removing potentially dangerous space junk. As space tourism missions to the ISS (International Space Station) become more prevalent, even more attention will have to be paid to orbital highways to ensure their maintenance and cleanliness. It’s more than a courtesy, it’s a matter of space safety. Even without private space tours, the prevalence of space junk and the risk of collisions have skyrocketed with the emergence of SpaceX, OneWeb, and other companies that send thousands of rockets into LEO. It is quickly becoming a safety issue—SpaceX’s huge Starlink project has made Earth’s orbit much more dangerous which is why Astroscale aerospace engineer Jonathan Rasmussen is calling for more accountability from prominent satellite companies around the life and death of satellites and intentional de-orbiting. De-orbiting refers to the discarding of defunct junk in space. “In order to mitigate space debris,” he says. “There should be some form of binding international policy where satellite operators and builders send out their satellites with a predetermined plan for the end of life, where they purposely de-orbit it with their last ounce of fuel versus letting the satellites just float around up there.” The company’s End-of-Life Services demonstration (ELSA-d) mission, launching in less than two months, seeks to exhibit the company’s ability to capably and safely find, dock with, and remove orbital debris. The ELSA-d space debris removal mission revolves around two pieces of machinery: a service vehicle (approximately 175 kg) and a smaller client vehicle (approximately 17 kg). The service vehicle is the deorbiter, which physically seeks out, latches onto, and retrieves target debris objects.

Direction: Read the passage given below and answer the following questions.

Astroscale is a space sustainability company headquartered in Tokyo that is committed to creating solutions for removing potentially dangerous space junk. As space tourism missions to the ISS (International Space Station) become more prevalent, even more attention will have to be paid to orbital highways to ensure their maintenance and cleanliness. It’s more than a courtesy, it’s a matter of space safety. Even without private space tours, the prevalence of space junk and the risk of collisions have skyrocketed with the emergence of SpaceX, OneWeb, and other companies that send thousands of rockets into LEO. It is quickly becoming a safety issue—SpaceX’s huge Starlink project has made Earth’s orbit much more dangerous which is why Astroscale aerospace engineer Jonathan Rasmussen is calling for more accountability from prominent satellite companies around the life and death of satellites and intentional de-orbiting. De-orbiting refers to the discarding of defunct junk in space. “In order to mitigate space debris,” he says. “There should be some form of binding international policy where satellite operators and builders send out their satellites with a predetermined plan for the end of life, where they purposely de-orbit it with their last ounce of fuel versus letting the satellites just float around up there.” The company’s End-of-Life Services demonstration (ELSA-d) mission, launching in less than two months, seeks to exhibit the company’s ability to capably and safely find, dock with, and remove orbital debris. The ELSA-d space debris removal mission revolves around two pieces of machinery: a service vehicle (approximately 175 kg) and a smaller client vehicle (approximately 17 kg). The service vehicle is the deorbiter, which physically seeks out, latches onto, and retrieves target debris objects.

Direction: Read the passage given below and answer the following questions.

Astroscale is a space sustainability company headquartered in Tokyo that is committed to creating solutions for removing potentially dangerous space junk. As space tourism missions to the ISS (International Space Station) become more prevalent, even more attention will have to be paid to orbital highways to ensure their maintenance and cleanliness. It’s more than a courtesy, it’s a matter of space safety. Even without private space tours, the prevalence of space junk and the risk of collisions have skyrocketed with the emergence of SpaceX, OneWeb, and other companies that send thousands of rockets into LEO. It is quickly becoming a safety issue—SpaceX’s huge Starlink project has made Earth’s orbit much more dangerous which is why Astroscale aerospace engineer Jonathan Rasmussen is calling for more accountability from prominent satellite companies around the life and death of satellites and intentional de-orbiting. De-orbiting refers to the discarding of defunct junk in space. “In order to mitigate space debris,” he says. “There should be some form of binding international policy where satellite operators and builders send out their satellites with a predetermined plan for the end of life, where they purposely de-orbit it with their last ounce of fuel versus letting the satellites just float around up there.” The company’s End-of-Life Services demonstration (ELSA-d) mission, launching in less than two months, seeks to exhibit the company’s ability to capably and safely find, dock with, and remove orbital debris. The ELSA-d space debris removal mission revolves around two pieces of machinery: a service vehicle (approximately 175 kg) and a smaller client vehicle (approximately 17 kg). The service vehicle is the deorbiter, which physically seeks out, latches onto, and retrieves target debris objects.

Direction: Read the passage given below and answer the following questions.

Astroscale is a space sustainability company headquartered in Tokyo that is committed to creating solutions for removing potentially dangerous space junk. As space tourism missions to the ISS (International Space Station) become more prevalent, even more attention will have to be paid to orbital highways to ensure their maintenance and cleanliness. It’s more than a courtesy, it’s a matter of space safety. Even without private space tours, the prevalence of space junk and the risk of collisions have skyrocketed with the emergence of SpaceX, OneWeb, and other companies that send thousands of rockets into LEO. It is quickly becoming a safety issue—SpaceX’s huge Starlink project has made Earth’s orbit much more dangerous which is why Astroscale aerospace engineer Jonathan Rasmussen is calling for more accountability from prominent satellite companies around the life and death of satellites and intentional de-orbiting. De-orbiting refers to the discarding of defunct junk in space. “In order to mitigate space debris,” he says. “There should be some form of binding international policy where satellite operators and builders send out their satellites with a predetermined plan for the end of life, where they purposely de-orbit it with their last ounce of fuel versus letting the satellites just float around up there.” The company’s End-of-Life Services demonstration (ELSA-d) mission, launching in less than two months, seeks to exhibit the company’s ability to capably and safely find, dock with, and remove orbital debris. The ELSA-d space debris removal mission revolves around two pieces of machinery: a service vehicle (approximately 175 kg) and a smaller client vehicle (approximately 17 kg). The service vehicle is the deorbiter, which physically seeks out, latches onto, and retrieves target debris objects.

Direction: Read the passage given below and answer the following questions.

Astroscale is a space sustainability company headquartered in Tokyo that is committed to creating solutions for removing potentially dangerous space junk. As space tourism missions to the ISS (International Space Station) become more prevalent, even more attention will have to be paid to orbital highways to ensure their maintenance and cleanliness. It’s more than a courtesy, it’s a matter of space safety. Even without private space tours, the prevalence of space junk and the risk of collisions have skyrocketed with the emergence of SpaceX, OneWeb, and other companies that send thousands of rockets into LEO. It is quickly becoming a safety issue—SpaceX’s huge Starlink project has made Earth’s orbit much more dangerous which is why Astroscale aerospace engineer Jonathan Rasmussen is calling for more accountability from prominent satellite companies around the life and death of satellites and intentional de-orbiting. De-orbiting refers to the discarding of defunct junk in space. “In order to mitigate space debris,” he says. “There should be some form of binding international policy where satellite operators and builders send out their satellites with a predetermined plan for the end of life, where they purposely de-orbit it with their last ounce of fuel versus letting the satellites just float around up there.” The company’s End-of-Life Services demonstration (ELSA-d) mission, launching in less than two months, seeks to exhibit the company’s ability to capably and safely find, dock with, and remove orbital debris. The ELSA-d space debris removal mission revolves around two pieces of machinery: a service vehicle (approximately 175 kg) and a smaller client vehicle (approximately 17 kg). The service vehicle is the deorbiter, which physically seeks out, latches onto, and retrieves target debris objects.

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the given questions.

As the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) continues to sweep across the United States, it is taking an ever-increasing toll on public health, as well as numerous other industries and sectors. From travel and tourism to finance and construction – almost every aspect of the U.S. economy has faced a lot of hurdles due to the global pandemic. One industry that has seen particularly noticeable changes over the past few months is e-commerce. As most states have issued stay-at-home orders in an attempt to slow the spread of the disease, many Americans are now self-isolating while turning to technology for work, education, communication, and shopping. One of the most visible shifts in U.S. consumer demand and behavior, however, can be seen in regard to grocery shopping. According to a global survey conducted in April 2020, roughly 30 percent of U.S. consumers spent more than usual on food and drinks due to COVID-19, with packaged foods, alcohol, and nonperishable items most frequently purchased for their long shelf lives. But not only the amount and type of food that U.S. customers buy and sometimes stockpile has shifted in the first quarter of 2020, but also the preferred avenues. Around 74 percent of surveyed shoppers indicated a willingness to visit online grocery platforms during home isolation to avoid trips to the supermarket. In return, orders on online grocery delivery platforms like Postmates and DoorDash are surging, with Instacart, one of the most popular grocery delivery apps in the United States, seeing a 218 percent increase in downloads in March 2020. But while these services offer customers a safe and flexible alternative to jammed grocery stores or restaurants, companies like Instacart are also facing harsh criticism for their treatment of delivery workers. As couriers are hired as gig workers instead of employees, they do not receive sick pay or other health benefits. Seeing that these mediocre contractors work on the frontlines of the pandemic, their lack of financial and physical protection against the coronavirus has been an ongoing point of contention.

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the given questions.

As the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) continues to sweep across the United States, it is taking an ever-increasing toll on public health, as well as numerous other industries and sectors. From travel and tourism to finance and construction – almost every aspect of the U.S. economy has faced a lot of hurdles due to the global pandemic. One industry that has seen particularly noticeable changes over the past few months is e-commerce. As most states have issued stay-at-home orders in an attempt to slow the spread of the disease, many Americans are now self-isolating while turning to technology for work, education, communication, and shopping. One of the most visible shifts in U.S. consumer demand and behavior, however, can be seen in regard to grocery shopping. According to a global survey conducted in April 2020, roughly 30 percent of U.S. consumers spent more than usual on food and drinks due to COVID-19, with packaged foods, alcohol, and nonperishable items most frequently purchased for their long shelf lives. But not only the amount and type of food that U.S. customers buy and sometimes stockpile has shifted in the first quarter of 2020, but also the preferred avenues. Around 74 percent of surveyed shoppers indicated a willingness to visit online grocery platforms during home isolation to avoid trips to the supermarket. In return, orders on online grocery delivery platforms like Postmates and DoorDash are surging, with Instacart, one of the most popular grocery delivery apps in the United States, seeing a 218 percent increase in downloads in March 2020. But while these services offer customers a safe and flexible alternative to jammed grocery stores or restaurants, companies like Instacart are also facing harsh criticism for their treatment of delivery workers. As couriers are hired as gig workers instead of employees, they do not receive sick pay or other health benefits. Seeing that these mediocre contractors work on the frontlines of the pandemic, their lack of financial and physical protection against the coronavirus has been an ongoing point of contention.

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the given questions.

As the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) continues to sweep across the United States, it is taking an ever-increasing toll on public health, as well as numerous other industries and sectors. From travel and tourism to finance and construction – almost every aspect of the U.S. economy has faced a lot of hurdles due to the global pandemic. One industry that has seen particularly noticeable changes over the past few months is e-commerce. As most states have issued stay-at-home orders in an attempt to slow the spread of the disease, many Americans are now self-isolating while turning to technology for work, education, communication, and shopping. One of the most visible shifts in U.S. consumer demand and behavior, however, can be seen in regard to grocery shopping. According to a global survey conducted in April 2020, roughly 30 percent of U.S. consumers spent more than usual on food and drinks due to COVID-19, with packaged foods, alcohol, and nonperishable items most frequently purchased for their long shelf lives. But not only the amount and type of food that U.S. customers buy and sometimes stockpile has shifted in the first quarter of 2020, but also the preferred avenues. Around 74 percent of surveyed shoppers indicated a willingness to visit online grocery platforms during home isolation to avoid trips to the supermarket. In return, orders on online grocery delivery platforms like Postmates and DoorDash are surging, with Instacart, one of the most popular grocery delivery apps in the United States, seeing a 218 percent increase in downloads in March 2020. But while these services offer customers a safe and flexible alternative to jammed grocery stores or restaurants, companies like Instacart are also facing harsh criticism for their treatment of delivery workers. As couriers are hired as gig workers instead of employees, they do not receive sick pay or other health benefits. Seeing that these mediocre contractors work on the frontlines of the pandemic, their lack of financial and physical protection against the coronavirus has been an ongoing point of contention.

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the given questions.

As the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) continues to sweep across the United States, it is taking an ever-increasing toll on public health, as well as numerous other industries and sectors. From travel and tourism to finance and construction – almost every aspect of the U.S. economy has faced a lot of hurdles due to the global pandemic. One industry that has seen particularly noticeable changes over the past few months is e-commerce. As most states have issued stay-at-home orders in an attempt to slow the spread of the disease, many Americans are now self-isolating while turning to technology for work, education, communication, and shopping. One of the most visible shifts in U.S. consumer demand and behavior, however, can be seen in regard to grocery shopping. According to a global survey conducted in April 2020, roughly 30 percent of U.S. consumers spent more than usual on food and drinks due to COVID-19, with packaged foods, alcohol, and nonperishable items most frequently purchased for their long shelf lives. But not only the amount and type of food that U.S. customers buy and sometimes stockpile has shifted in the first quarter of 2020, but also the preferred avenues. Around 74 percent of surveyed shoppers indicated a willingness to visit online grocery platforms during home isolation to avoid trips to the supermarket. In return, orders on online grocery delivery platforms like Postmates and DoorDash are surging, with Instacart, one of the most popular grocery delivery apps in the United States, seeing a 218 percent increase in downloads in March 2020. But while these services offer customers a safe and flexible alternative to jammed grocery stores or restaurants, companies like Instacart are also facing harsh criticism for their treatment of delivery workers. As couriers are hired as gig workers instead of employees, they do not receive sick pay or other health benefits. Seeing that these mediocre contractors work on the frontlines of the pandemic, their lack of financial and physical protection against the coronavirus has been an ongoing point of contention.

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the given questions.

As the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) continues to sweep across the United States, it is taking an ever-increasing toll on public health, as well as numerous other industries and sectors. From travel and tourism to finance and construction – almost every aspect of the U.S. economy has faced a lot of hurdles due to the global pandemic. One industry that has seen particularly noticeable changes over the past few months is e-commerce. As most states have issued stay-at-home orders in an attempt to slow the spread of the disease, many Americans are now self-isolating while turning to technology for work, education, communication, and shopping. One of the most visible shifts in U.S. consumer demand and behavior, however, can be seen in regard to grocery shopping. According to a global survey conducted in April 2020, roughly 30 percent of U.S. consumers spent more than usual on food and drinks due to COVID-19, with packaged foods, alcohol, and nonperishable items most frequently purchased for their long shelf lives. But not only the amount and type of food that U.S. customers buy and sometimes stockpile has shifted in the first quarter of 2020, but also the preferred avenues. Around 74 percent of surveyed shoppers indicated a willingness to visit online grocery platforms during home isolation to avoid trips to the supermarket. In return, orders on online grocery delivery platforms like Postmates and DoorDash are surging, with Instacart, one of the most popular grocery delivery apps in the United States, seeing a 218 percent increase in downloads in March 2020. But while these services offer customers a safe and flexible alternative to jammed grocery stores or restaurants, companies like Instacart are also facing harsh criticism for their treatment of delivery workers. As couriers are hired as gig workers instead of employees, they do not receive sick pay or other health benefits. Seeing that these mediocre contractors work on the frontlines of the pandemic, their lack of financial and physical protection against the coronavirus has been an ongoing point of contention.