DSSSB TGT Social Studies Male 9 Sept 2018 Official Paper (Previous Year Paper)

The logic followed is:

Given statements:

i) Oxygen is a gas.

ii) This cylinder contains gas.

Conclusion:

This cylinder contains oxygen → As mentioned in the statements Oxygen is a gas and the cylinder contains gas, it can either probably true or probably false because we are not confirmed about it.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4". 

Additional Information

• If there are two or more sentences that are used to frame a statement, then, the sentences must be interrelated, and mutual contradiction should be there.
• Do not look for truthful notions. The information provided in the statement is the only requirement for a student to answer the question. No assumptions must be made.
• Read the statement carefully and look for keywords that are common between the statement and the conclusions
• If there is more than one conclusion that is applicable to the statement, students must ensure that the conclusions they opt for have some relation with each other.

The logic followed is:

The statements suggest that profitable cannot remain a concern for so long without the active co-operation between the proprietor and the employee of the mill.

The course of action 1 - The mill should be closed down - This is vague and irrelevant according to the given statements. Taking extreme measures will not make a mill profitable. 

so, the course of action I doesn't follow.

The course of action 2 - The workers should be asked to co-operate with the owners - It directly follows the given statements. 

So, the course of action II follows.

The course of action 3 - The owner should be asked to co-operate with the employees - It directly follows the given statements.

So, the course of action III follows. 

Hence, the correct answer is "Only II and III follows". 

Additional Information

• Some rules to solve Statements and Course of action questions must be kept in mind while solving it.
• Rule 1. Have an unbiased and neutral mind frame. Individual perception must not be used to judge the course of action to be taken.
• Rule 2. The first step should be to identify the root cause of the problem. Once the problem is solved, a logical mindset should be employed to figure out the course of action.
• Rule 3. There must be no extremity involved in the course of action.
• Rule 4. A course of action must be able to solve, reduce, or minimize the problem given in the situation.
• Rule 5. The course of action can be said to solve/reduce the problem when it is an established fact, when it is logically possible and when it is known from experience.

The logic followed is:

As the statements talk about the next meeting of the Board of Directors of the company will be held after one year. This means the company will be functioning at that time.

So, I is implicit.

The Board of Directors cannot be dissolved at the time "when its meeting starts.

So, II is not implicit.

Hence, the correct answer is "Only assumption I is implicit".

Additional Information

1. Read the statement with an approach that the assumptions would be true with regard to the statement.
2. Do not go too logical with the statements. Analyze the given information and the assumption must only be made based on the information in the statement. Do not over-complicate it.
3. Common assumptions can always be followed but other than that do not align the statement with General Knowledge or other facts
4. Use the elimination method if you are unable to apprehend the answer. Read the statement and then the assumptions given in the options, you shall notice that a few of them will most definitely not follow. Eliminate them and then choosing from lesser options may prove to be more convenient
5. One thing to make a note of is that the assumption is something that the author believes to be true so while choosing the correct option, keep this thought in mind as well. If any option contradicts the statement, then that assumption will not follow.

The logic followed is:

A world government cannot eliminate tensions among nations because it will also have the ruling group and the opposition group.

Further, the more powerful and diplomatic shall rule the world to their interests.

So, only argument II is strong.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

Additional Information

1. The agreement which is the reconstruing part of the statement is a strong agreement.
2. The argument should not be imagined.
3. The relationship of the agreement should be direct from the statement.
4. The argument should be simple and clear.
5. The agreement should be based on scientific facts.
6. The statement in the argument should receive a logical answer.

The least possible Venn diagram is:

Conclusions:

1) All students are scholars → False (As All teachers are scholars and Some students are teachers. So, All students are scholars is a possibility not definite)

2) All teachers are students → False (As Some students are teachers. So, Some teachers are students is definite but All teachers are students not true)

3) Some students are scholars → True (As All teachers are scholars and Some students are teachers. So, some students are scholars, it is definitely false)

4) No student is a scholar → False (As positive statement negative conclusion does not follow)

Hence, option (3) is the correct answer.

1. If All statements are positive, then all negative conclusions will be false in definite cases and vice versa.

2. Restatement is not true.

Taking Dice position (3) and (4), as 2 and 3 are common;

The remaining number in Dice position (3) is 4.

The remaining number in Dice position (4) is 1.

So, 1 and 4 are opposite number pairs.

Hence, "1" is the correct answer.

Students who got distinction in only two subjects:

Students got distinction in Chemistry and Physics = 12

Students got distinction in Mathematics and Physics = 15

Students got distinction in Chemistry and Mathematics = 13

So, Total students who got distinction in only two subjects = 12 + 15 + 13 = 40

Total Number of students = 500

Percentage of students who got distinction in only two subjects = (40 × 100)/500

= 40/5

= 8%

Hence, "8%" is the correct answer.

Logic follows here is;

In Figure 1:

(8 × 6) - (5 × 2)

= 48 - 10

= 38 (Middle Number)

In Figure 3:

(10 × 5) - (8 × 4)

= 50 - 32

= 18 (Middle Number)

Similarly;

In Figure 2:

(12 × 4) - (13 × 3)

= 48 - 39

= 9 (Middle Number)

Hence, "9" is the correct answer.

Total Number of students = 49

Harish's position from the left = 27

Mahesh position from the Right = 27

When the total number is less than the addition of rank from both the end. Then middle numbers between the persons are:

Middle numbers = (Rank from left + Rank from right) - (Total number + 2)

Number of boys between Mahesh and Harish = Position of Harish from the left + Position of Mahesh from the Right - (Total students + 2)

= 27 + 27 - (49 + 2)

= 54 - 51

= 3

Hence, "3" is the correct answer.

If P = 10,Q = 15, R = 5 and S = 18

P × Q ÷ R + Q - S 

= 10 × 15 ÷ 5 + 15 - 18

using BODMAS Rule:

= 10 × 3 + 15 - 18

= 30 + 15 - 18

= 45 - 18

= 27

Hence, "27" is the correct answer.

According to Question:

Actual Number: 846721

i) If any number begins by odd number, then the odd number symbolised by @.

ii) If any number ends by even number, then the even number symbolised as ©.

Number = 846721

The number not started with odd number and not ends by even number.

So the given number coded according to the table:

Coded number = ! ÷ • + * ×

Hence, option (3) is the correct answer$.

Series:

2 9 7 3 1 7 3 7 7 1 3 3 1 7 3 8 5 7 1 3 7 7 1 7 3 9 0 6

1, 3 and 7 have appeared together, 7 being in the middle and 1 and 3 on either side of 7

2 9 7 3 1 7 3 7 7 1 3 3 1 7 3 8 5 7 1 3 7 7 1 7 3 9 0 6

there are three pairs

Hence, Three is the correct answer.

Given word:  'CREATIVE' 

So, there are three such pairs i.e. AE, TV and CE.

Hence, the correct answer is three.

The correct Venn diagram representation is:

Engineer, doctor, and teacher different designations.

Hence, option (1) is the correct answer.

As per the given information;

Hence, Amit is 5 km from his starting point.

From the given information,

Based on given data, we can draw the family tree-

Hence, A is the aunt of D.

Logic: Number of letters - 1 = Number

In REASON, there are 6 letters.

So, REASON = 6 - 1 = 5

In BELIEVED, there are 8 letters.

So, BELIEVED = 8 - 1 = 7

Similarly;

In GOVERNMENT, there are 10 letters.

So, GOVERNMENT = 10 - 1 = 9

Hence, "9" is the correct answer.

Checking options one by one:

1. bbccdd / bbccdd / bbccdd → follows a pattern

2) bcccdd / bbbcdd / bbccdd → doesn't follow any pattern

3) bbccdd / bbbcdd / bbccdd → doesn't follow any pattern

4. cdccdd / bbbcdd / bbccdb → doesn't follow any pattern

Hence, "bbccdd" is the correct answer.

The pattern follows here is;

0.70 is the wrong term.

Hence, "0.70" is the correct answer.

According to the English alphabet series and its positional value:

The logic follows here is:

Relation between First and Third word:

Similarly;

Relation between Second and Fourth word:

Hence, "YXZ" is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Conserve biological diversity of an area while allowing for sustainable development to take place.

Key Points

• Ecologically Sensitive Area:

• Eco-Sensitive Zones or Ecologically Fragile Areas are areas within 10 km around Protected Areas, National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries.

• ESAs are notified by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) under the Environment Protection Act 1986.

• In the case of places with sensitive corridors, connectivity and ecologically important patches, crucial for landscape linkage, even area beyond 10 km width can also be included in the eco-sensitive zone.

• The basic aim is to regulate certain activities around National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries so as to minimise the negative impacts of such activities on the fragile ecosystem encompassing the protected areas.

• Objectives of declaring areas as ESA:

• To manage and regulate the activities around these areas with the intention of creating some kinds of ‘shock absorbers’.

• To provide for a transition zone between the highly protected and relatively less protected areas.

• To give effect to Section 3(2)(v) of the Environment Protection Act, 1986 which restricts the operation of industries or processes to be carried out in certain areas or to maintain certain safeguards to operate industries.

The correct answer is 10 - 50 km.

Key Points

• The ozone layer is a natural layer of gas in the upper atmosphere that protects humans and other living things from harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun.
• The ozone layer is typically thicker over the poles than over the equator.
• The ozone layer exists in the stratosphere, a layer 10 to 50 km above the Earth’s surface.
• The reasons for ozone depletion are a wide range of industrial and consumer applications, mainly refrigerators, air conditioners (hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)), and fire extinguishers.
• Ozone depletion is greatest at the South Pole (Antarctica).

Important Points

• Earth's atmosphere has a series of layers, these layers have named the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, Ionosphere, and exosphere.
• Troposphere:
• The troposphere is the lowest layer of our atmosphere.
• Starting at ground level, it extends upward to about 10 km above sea level.
• Humans live in the troposphere, and nearly all weather occurs in this lowest layer.
• Most clouds appear here, mainly because 99% of the water vapor in the atmosphere is found in the troposphere.
• Stratosphere:
• The next layer up is called the stratosphere.
• The stratosphere extends from the top of the troposphere to about 50 km above the ground.
• The infamous ozone layer is found within the stratosphere.
• Commercial passenger jets fly in the lower stratosphere, partly because this less-turbulent layer provides a smoother ride.
• Mesosphere:
• Above the stratosphere is the mesosphere.
• It extends upward to a height of about 85 km above our planet.
• Most meteors burn up in the mesosphere.
• The coldest temperatures in Earth's atmosphere, about -90° C (-130° F), are found near the top of this layer.
• Thermosphere:
• The layer of very rare air above the mesosphere is called the thermosphere.
• The thermosphere starts just above the mesosphere and extends to 600 kilometers high.
• High-energy X-rays and UV radiation from the Sun are absorbed in the thermosphere.
• Raising its temperature to hundreds or at times thousands of degrees.
• Many satellites actually orbit Earth within the thermosphere.
• The aurora, the Northern Lights, and Southern Lights occur in the thermosphere.
• Exosphere:
• This is the upper limit of our atmosphere.
• It extends from the top of the thermosphere up to 10,000 km.

The correct answer is 112.

Key Points

• Annual Financial Statement:
• It is a document presented to the Parliament every year under Article 112 of the Constitution of India, showing estimated receipts and expenditures of the Government of India for the coming year with revised estimates for the previous year as also the actual amounts for the year before it.
• The receipts and disbursements are shown under three parts in which Government Accounts are to be kept viz.,
• Consolidated Fund
• Contingency Fund and
• Public Account.
• Under the Constitution, Annual Financial Statement has to distinguish expenditure on revenue account from other expenditures. The government Budget, therefore, comprises of Revenue Budget and Capital Budget.

Additional Information

The correct answer is It is very unreactive and heavier than air​.

Key Points

• Xenon(Xe) gas is also known as stranger gas.
• It is called 'STRANGER GAS' because the word 'XENON' means 'STRANGE' in Greek.
• It was discovered by William Ramsay and Morris Travers in 1898.
• It is more than 4.5 times heavier than air.
• xenon is colourless, odourless, and tasteless.
• It is used in instruments for radiation detection.

Important Points

• Nobel Gasses:
• Nobel gasses are a group of chemical elements that do not interact with other elements in a manner.
• General because their electron orbits are complete and filled with electrons.
• ​Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon and Radon are Nobel gasses.
• These elements are in the eight groups of the periodic table.
• Nobel gasses contain 0.93% of the atmospheric volume and 1.29% of its mass.​
• Properties of Nobel Gasses:
• ​​Show as gases in room conditions.
• No colour and no smell.
• Have 8 electrons equivalent.
• Produce vehicles only in special circumstances.
• It is drawn from the air in liquefaction and distillation.
• Found in the form of single-atom gases.
• The very weak internal attraction between their atoms.
• It has very low melting and boiling grades.

The correct answer is 3.

Key Points

• Structure of ECI:-
• The Election Commission of India is a 3 member body comprising One Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) and two Election Commissioners.
• It is the Election Commission of India that decides the election schedule for the conduct of both general elections and bye-elections.
• The Election Commission of India resolves the disputes relating to splits/mergers of recognized political parties.

​

• Election Commission of India:-
• The Election Commission of India (ECI) is an autonomous constitutional authority responsible for administering Union and State election processes in India.
• It is mentioned in Article 324 of the Indian Constitution.
• It was established in accordance with the Constitution on 25^th January 1950 (celebrated as national voters' day).
• The secretariat of the commission is located in New Delhi.
• The body administers elections to the Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, and State Legislative Assemblies in India, and the offices of the President and Vice President in the country.
• It determines the criteria for recognizing political parties and decides their election symbols.
• Election Commission advised the President or the Governor on all electoral matters, including questions relating to the disqualifications of the members.
• The term of the Chief Election Commissioner is for 6 years or till he/she attains the age of 65 years, whichever is earlier.
• Chief Election Commissioner can be removed from the office in the same manner as the judges of the Supreme Court.
• It is not concerned with the elections to panchayats and municipalities in the states.
• For this, the Constitution of India provides for a separate State Election Commission.

The correct answer is President.

Key Points

• The Vice President of India is the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha.
• The Vice President of India is the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha.
• The term of the Chairman of Rajya Sabha is only for 5 years.
• The Rajya Sabha selects a Deputy Chairman from among its members.
• The Chairman of the Rajya Sabha gives his resignation to the President.
• In the absence of the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha the deputy chairman performs the duties of the Chairman.
• The Deputy Chairman is elected internally by the Rajya Sabha.

• The vice-President of India is the second-highest constitutional post in India after the President.
• Article 63 of the Indian Constitution states that "There shall be a vice president of India."
• The vice president acts as President within the absence of the president thanks to death, resignation, impeachment, or other situations.
• When a bill is introduced in Rajya Sabha, the vice president decides whether it's a financial bill or not.
• If he's of the opinion, a bill introduced within the Rajya Sabha may be a money bill, he would refer the case to the Speaker of the Lok Sabha for deciding it.
• Part V of the Constitution of India under Chapter I (Executive) also discusses the office of the Vice-President of India.
• Articles (63-73) describe the election, removal, post, requirement, etc of the Vice President of India.
• Currently, Jagdeep Dhankhar​ is the Vice-President of India.
• Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan was the first Vice President of independent India, takes charge of the office in 1952.
• List of vice presidents of India:

The correct answer is Consumer price index.

Key Points

• The two main indicators of inflation in India are the wholesale price index (WPI) and the consumer price index (CPI).
• Many developing countries use changes in the consumer price index (CPI) as their central measure of inflation.
• In India, CPI (combined) is declared as the new standard for measuring inflation (April 2014).
• CPI numbers are typically measured monthly, and with a significant lag, making them unsuitable for policy use.
• Inflation is the measured surge in the average prices of goods and services over a longer period in the economy.
• It is a macro term in which the impact of inflation on a large basket of goods is seen.
• As the value of money is decreased, the cumulative impact of inflation is reported as the buying power of money is reduced.

Confusion Points

• RBI used WPI for most of its policy decisions before 2014. WPI shows the combined price of a commodity basket comprising 676 items. But WPI does not include services, and it neither reflects the bottlenecks between producer and wholesaler nor between wholesaler and retailer (consumer).
• Hence from 2014, as part of the reforms initiated by RBI governor Raghu Ram Rajan, RBI shifted to CPI for policy decisions.

 Important Points

• Inflation:
• A calculated surge in the average prices of goods and services for a longer duration in the economy is called inflation.
• It is a macro concept, wherein the effect of inflation is seen over a large basket of goods.
• The total effect of inflation is recorded as the value of money is reduced that is the purchasing power of money is reduced.
• Creeping, Walking, Galloping and Hyper are types of Inflation.
• Creeping Inflation happens when the rate of inflation slowly increases over time.
• Creeping Inflation generally ranges from 2% to 4%.
• Walking Inflation happens when inflation is in single digits i.e less than 10%.
• Walking inflation may simply be referred to as moderate inflation.
• Galloping inflation is also known as jumping inflation.
• Galloping inflation refers to inflation that proceeds at an exceptionally high.”
• Galloping inflation is an inflation rate of between 20% up to 1000%
• This is reserved for extreme forms of inflation – usually over 1,000%.

Additional Information

The correct answer is FII or FPI.

Key Points

• Hot Currency:
• This term is used in the foreign exchange market.
• It is the temporary name of the hard currency when hard currency exiting an economy at a very fast pace.
• It refers to funds that are controlled by investors who actively seek short-term returns.
• Hot money is the flow of funds from one country to another in order to earn a short-term profit on interest rate differences.
• A global depositary receipt (GDR) is a bank certificate issued in more than one country for shares in a foreign company.
• Foreign direct investment is an investment in the form of controlling ownership in a business in one country by an entity based in another country.
• Foreign portfolio investment is the entry of funds into a country where foreigners deposit money in a country's bank or make purchases in the country's stock and bond markets. In FPI, the investor does not have direct control over the securities or businesses.
• Hot money is generally referred to as FPI.

The correct answer is All of the above.

Key Points

• Lending by a commercial bank for certain sectors identified as a priority sector by the central bank (Reserve Bank of India) is called priority sector lending.
• Priority sector lending (PSL) should constitute 40 per cent of Adjusted Net Bank Credit ANBC or Credit Equivalent Amount of Off-Balance Sheet Exposure, whichever is higher.
• Regional rural banks, co-operative banks and small finance banks have to allocate 75% of ANDC to PSL.
• Priority Sector includes the following categories:
• Agriculture
• Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
• Export Credit
• Education
• Housing
• Social Infrastructure
• Renewable Energy
• Others
• Cottage industries are generally unorganized in nature and come under small scale industries.

The correct answer is Kerala.

Key Points

• Silent Valley National Park:
• Located in the Palakkad district in the Nilgiri Mountains of Kerala.
• It is at the heart of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve and consists of areas of South Western Ghats rain forests and tropical wet evergreen jungle.
• River Kunthi passes through it.
• Silent Valley Park is known for many highly endangered species such as lion-tailed macaque, tiger, gaur, leopard, wild boar, panther, Indian Civet, and Sambhar.

​

Additional Information

The correct answer is 4.

Key Points

• Kaiga Atomic Power Station (KAPS) is operated by the state-run Nuclear Power Corporation of India Ltd (NPCIL).
• Kaiga Site is located on Kadra Reservoir on Kali river in Uttar Kannada district in the state of Karnataka.
• The plant services India's southern grid and provides power to five states (Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and Pondicherry).
• It consists of two Stations-
• Kaiga Generating Station (KGS) 1 & 2 – Pressurized Heavy Water Reactors (2 x 220 MWe PHWR)
• Kaiga Generating Station (KGS) 3 & 4 – Pressurized Heavy Water Reactors (2 x 220 MWe PHWR)
• Hence Kaiga has four indigenously developed Pressurised Heavy Water Reactors of 220 MW each fuelled by domestic fuel.
• The first unit of the project, meanwhile, set a world record on December 10, 2018, operating uninterrupted for more than 940 days held by Heysham-Unit 2 of the United Kingdom, and in 2019 it has set a new benchmark of 962 days of uninterrupted operation and has now been shut down for maintenance.

Important PointsThe "Kaiga nuclear power plant" is located on the " Left bank of Kali river".

Additional Information

The correct answer is Oxytocin.

Key Points

• Oxytocin is a hormone and a neurotransmitter that is involved in childbirth and breastfeeding.
• It is also associated with empathy, trust, sexual activity, and relationship-building.
• It is sometimes referred to as the “love hormone,” because levels of oxytocin increase during hugging and orgasm.
• It may also have benefits as a treatment for a number of conditions, including depression, anxiety, and intestinal problems.
• The posterior part of the pituitary gland also called Neurohypophysis (pars nervosa) releases oxytocin.
• Oxytocin is synthesized by the hypothalamus and is transported axonally to the neurohypophysis.
• Oxytocin acts on the smooth muscles of our body and stimulates their contraction. In females, it stimulates a vigorous contraction of the uterus at the time of childbirth, and milk ejection from the mammary gland. For this reason, it is also called the birth hormone.

​

Additional Information

The correct answer is Crookes glass.

Key Points

• Glass is a transparent material obtained when a complex mixture of highly viscous silicates, upon moderately rapid cooling, solidifies to an amorphous rigid body without crystallization.
• It is essentially a supercooled liquid.
• Different types of glasses: Crookes glass, Soda glass, Pyrex glass, Jena glass, etc.
• Crooked Glass can cut off the UV rays.
• It is a special type of glass that contains Cerium Oxide [CeO2].
• It has a high absorption of ultraviolet radiation.
• It is used in making lenses of eyeglasses, especially in sunglasses.

​

Additional Information

The correct answer is Defining the "permanent residents" of the J and K.

Key Points

• Article 35A was added to the Indian Constitution by a Presidential order in 1954 – issued under Article 370 of the Constitution.
• This provision allows the President to make certain “exceptions and modifications” to the Constitution for the benefit of ‘State subjects’ of J&K.
• Article 35A was an article under the Constitution of India that empowered the State Legislature of Jammu and Kashmir to define “permanent residents” of the state along with granting them special privileges.
• As per Article 35A, a permanent resident was anyone who was a state subject on 14 May 1954 or who has been a resident of the state for 10 years and had “lawfully acquired immovable property in the sate”. The state legislature of Jammu and Kashmir had the power to modify the definition of a permanent resident along with the applicable privileges through laws passed with a two-thirds majority.
• In addition, it also clearly defined which privileges could not be granted to non-permanent residents.
• A non-permanent resident cannot own property in Jammu and Kashmir.
• The same non-resident cannot obtain a state government job in Jammu and Kashmir.
• A non-permanent resident cannot join any educational institute run by the state of Jammu and Kashmir.
• **The article was revoked on August 5, 2019, through a Presidential order along with Article 370. **​

​

• There is a total of 20 districts in Jammu and Kashmir.
• Jammu and Kashmir are one of the newly formed 8^th Union Territory of India. Jammu is the summer capital of the territory and Srinagar is the winter capital of the territory.
• It was a Region formerly administered by the Government of India as a state from 1954 to 2019.
• Green gold is the name given to the vegetation of Jammu and Kashmir.
• Natural vegetation is a big source of revenue for the union territory of Kashmir.

The correct answer is None of the above.

Key Points

• A session of the Indian Parliament is the period during which a House meets almost every day uninterruptedly to manage the business.
• There are typically three sessions in a year. A session contains many meetings.
• The President of India is empowered to summon each House of Parliament from time to time.
• In general, the sessions are as follows:

1. Budget session (February to May)
2. Monsoon session (July to September)
3. Winter session (November to December)

• Budget Session:
• The Budget is usually presented on the last working day of the month of February.
• Here, the members discuss the various provisions of the budget and matters concerning taxation, after the Finance Minister presents the budget.
• The budget session is generally split into two periods with a gap of one month between them.
• This session every year starts with the President’s Address to both Houses.
• Monsoon Session:
• This is after a break of two months after the budget session.
• In this session, matters of public interest are discussed.
• Winter Session:
• It is the shortest session of all.
• It takes up the matters that could not be considered upon earlier and makes up for the absence of legislative business during the second session of the Parliament.

Additional Information

• Joint Session of Parliament
• The Constitution of India provides for the joint sitting of the Parliament’s two Houses, the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha, in order to break any deadlock between the two.
• The joint sitting of the Parliament is called by the country’s President.
• Such a session is presided over by the Speaker, and in his/her absence, by the Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha. In the absence of both, it is presided over by the Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha.
• If any of the above are not present, any other member of the Parliament can preside by consensus of both the Houses.
• Article 108 of the Constitution talks about a joint Parliament session.

The correct answer is 

Key Points

• The RBI earns money in a variety of ways.
• Open market operations, wherein the central bank purchases or sells bonds in the open market in order to regulate money supply in the economy, are a major source of income for the RBI.
• Apart from the interest received from these bonds, the RBI may also profit from favourable changes in bond prices.
• Dealings in the foreign exchange market that the RBI engages in may also contribute to the bank’s profits.
• The RBI, for instance, may buy dollars cheaply and sell them dearly in the future to pocket profits.

Additional Information

• RBI  was set up on the recommendation of the Hilton Young Commission also called the Royal Commission in 1926.
• RBI Act was passed in the year - 1934
• RBI was established on 1^st April 1935.
• RBI was nationalized on 1^st January 1949.
• RBI issues all currency notes except one rupee.
• The signature of the RBI Governor on the notes is in English and Hindi.
• The currency notes except one rupee hold the signature of the RBI Governor.
• One rupee holds the signature of the Finance Secretary.

Important Points 

• The first Governor of RBI -  Sir Osborne Smith
• The first Indian Governor of RBI - C. D. Deshmukh
• The longest-serving RBI Governor - Benegal Rama Rao
• The Indian Prime Minister who had served as RBI Governor - Dr. Manmohan Singh
• Present and 25h Governor of RBI - Shakthikanta Das
• Deputy Governors of RBI - B. P. Kanungo, S. M. K Jain, M. D. Patra, and M. R. Rao.
• Headquarter - Mumbai

The correct answer is Nitroglycerin.

Key Points

• Nitroglycerine is a liquid chemical substance used for making Dynamite by mixing highly sensitive Nitroglycerine with sawdust & powered Silica.
• The chemical used in the manufacturing of dynamite is Glycerol trinitrate.
• Nitroglycerin, also called glyceryl trinitrate, a powerful explosive and an important ingredient of most forms of dynamite.
• The process begins with a compound liquid such as nitroglycerin (explosive oil), a "dope" substance, and an antacid.
• Ethylene glycol dinitrate, composing approximately 25-30% of the explosive oil, is used to depress the freezing point of the nitroglycerin.
• This allows the dynamite to be safely used at low temperatures. In fact, nitroglycerin in a semi-frozen state with both liquid and solid present is actually more sensitive and unstable than either frozen or liquid state alone.
• In that semi-solid state, nitroglycerin is extremely dangerous to handle.

Additional Information

• Phosphorus Trichloride is a chemical substance generally used as an intermediate in the production of phosphate ester insecticides, converting alkyl alcohols to alkyl chlorides and organic acids to organic acid chlorides.
• Mercuric Oxide is a slightly crystalline, water-soluble, poisonous compound used chiefly as a pigment in paints and as an antiseptic in pharmaceuticals.
• Graphite is generally used for refractory, battery, steel, expanded graphite, brake linings, foundry facings, and lubricants as well as pencils and Anodes of the Batteries.

The correct answer is Neither (A) nor (B).

Key Points

• Delhi has emerged as the most attractive State for investors in the National Council for Applied and Economic Research (NCAER)’s 2018 State Investment Potential Index (N-SIPI).
• N-SIPI ranks India’s States’ on their competitiveness in business and their investment climate.
• The Index is designed to provide a systematic and reliable “go-to” reference for policymakers, existing businesses, and potential domestic and overseas investors.
• N-SIPI, 2018 ranked 21 major States on six pillars-

1. Land,
2. Labour,
3. Infrastructure,
4. Economic Climate,
5. Governance And Political Stability
6. Business Perceptions.

• In the overall rankings, Delhi, Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, Haryana, Maharashtra and Kerala emerged the most attractive States to do business, while Odisha, Uttar Pradesh, Assam, Jharkhand and Bihar were at the bottom.

Additional Information

• National Council for Applied and Economic Research (NCAER):
• Established in 1956, NCAER is India’s oldest and largest independent, non-profit, economic policy research institute.
• It is one of a handful of think tanks globally that combine rigorous analysis and policy outreach with deep data collection capabilities, especially for household surveys.
• It launched the N-SIPI series in 2016 and the second N-SIPI was released in 2017.
• Director-General of NCAER -  Poonam Gupta

The correct answer is A herbicide (weed-killer) made from Glyphosate.

Key Points

• A California jury found Monsanto liable in a lawsuit filed by a man who alleged the company’s glyphosate-based weed-killers, including Roundup, caused his cancer and ordered the company to pay $289 million in damages.
• The case of school groundskeeper Dewayne Johnson was the first lawsuit to go to trial alleging glyphosate causes cancer. Monsanto, a unit of Bayer AG following a $62.5 billion acquisition by the German conglomerate, faces more than 5,000 similar lawsuits across the US.
• The US Environmental Protection Agency in September 2017 concluded a decades-long assessment of glyphosate risks and found the chemical not likely carcinogenic to humans. But the World Health Organisation’s cancer arm in 2015 classified glyphosate as “probably carcinogenic to humans."

​

Additional Information

The correct answer is All of the above.

Key Points

• August 9 is commemorated as the International Day of the World’s Indigenous Peoples in recognition of the first meeting of the United Nations Working Group on Indigenous Populations in Geneva in 1982.
• Each year this day is celebrated around the world. A commemorative event is also organized at the United Nations Headquarters in New York by the Indigenous Peoples and Development Branch – Secretariat of the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, which brings together indigenous peoples’ organizations, UN agencies, Member States, civil society, academia and the general public.
• The observance of the International Day of the World’s Indigenous Peoples took place on Thursday 9 August 2018 in the ECOSOC Chamber at the United Nations Headquarters in New York.
• This year’s theme was “Indigenous peoples’ migration and movement”.
• Gujarat chief minister Vijay Rupani on this day said that his government will set up a tribal museum at a cost of Rs 100 crore at Rajpipla town, about 75 kilometres from here, in the state’s tribal-dominated Narmada district.
• The museum would display events that took place during three time periods- pre-1857, 1857 to the end of the 19^th century, and 20^th century up to Independence.
• The state government and the Centre would be contributing Rs 50 crore each.

Given:

Student got 80% = 360

Concept used:

Unitary method

Calculation:

According to the question

80% = 360

⇒ 90% = 360 × (90/80)

⇒ 90% = 405

∴ The student score 405 marks.

Given:

Discounts = 15% and 10%

Formula used:

Effective discount = x + y - xy/100

Calculation:

According to the question

x = 15%

y = 10%

Now,

15% + 10% - (15 × 10)/100

⇒ 25 - 1.5 = 23.5%

∴ Single discount will be 23.5%

Given:

Side of cube = 4 cm

Formula used:

Face Diagonal of cube = side√2

Calculation:

The face diagonal of a cube is 

Diagonal of face = 4√2 cm

∴ The diagonal of the face is 4√2 cm.

Given:

Time = 10 seconds

Speed = 36 km/h

Formula used:

Speed = Distance/Time

To convert km/s into m/s multiply by 5/18

Calculation:

Speed of train in m/s

36 × 5/18 = 10 m/s

Distance covered in 10 seconds

10 × 10 = 100 m

∴ The length of the train is 100 m.

Given:

The present ratio of 2 sister's age= 3 : 4

The ratio of their age after 10 years = 4 : 5

Calculation:

Let the present age is 3x  and 4x

According to the question

⇒ (3x + 10)/(4x + 10) = 4/5

⇒ 15x + 50 = 16x + 40

⇒ x = 10 years

3x = 3 × 10 = 30 years

4x = 3 × 10 = 40 years

∴ The present age of sisters is 30 years and 40 years

Given:

Sum double itself in 10 years

Formula used:

Simple Interest(SI) = (P × r × t)/100

Amount = Principal(P) + SI

Calculation:

Let the Principal be Rs. P

And rate of interest be r%

According to the question

Amount = 2P

Si = P

Now,

SI = (P × r × t)/100

⇒ P = (P × r × 10)/100

⇒ 10r = 100

⇒ r =10%

∴ The Rate of interest is 10%

Given:

Total amount = Rs. 240

Calculation:

n children will get = $\frac{240}{n}$

If 10 more children, total number of children = n + 10

The share decreases by 4 = $\frac{240}{n} - 4$

Now,

$(n + 10 )×(\frac{240}{n} - 4) = 240$

⇒ (n +10) × (240 - 4n) = 240n

⇒ 240n + 2400 - 4n² - 40n = 240n

⇒ 4n² + 40n - 2400 = 0

⇒ 4n² +120n - 80n - 2400n = 0

⇒ 4n(n + 30) - 80(n + 30) = 0

⇒ (4n - 80)(n + 30) = 0

⇒ n = 80/4 = 20

⇒ n = - 30

n cannot be negative, so n = 20

∴ The value of n is 20.

Given:

Sum = 168

Formula used:

S = n(n + 2)

Calculation:

According to the question

168 = n(n + 2)

⇒ 168 = n² + 2n

⇒ n² + 2n - 168 = 0

⇒ n² - 12n + 14n - 168 = 0

⇒ n(n - 12) + 14(n - 12) = 0

⇒ (n + 14)(n - 12) = 0

⇒ n = +12, -14

n cannot be negative, so n = 12

∴ The value of n is 12

Given:

A device beep after = 60 seconds

Another device beep after = 62 seconds

Concept used:

Here we will apply the concept of LCM

Calculaiton:

LCM of (60, 62)

60 = 2² × 3¹ × 5¹

62 = 2¹ × 31

LCM = 2² × 3¹ × 5¹ × 31 = 1860 seconds

1860/60 = 31 mins

Both bell ring together in

12:00 + 0:31 = 12: 31 a.m

∴ They will beep together again at 12:30 a.m

Given:

Ms. Priya complete the job = 16 days

Mr. Jay joined after 4 days and complete the job = 4 more days

Formula used:

Work done = Time × Efficiency

Calculation:

Ms. Priya one day work = 1/16

Let Mr. Jay complete the job in x days

So, Mr. Jay one day work = 1/x

Ms. Priya work for days = (1/16) × 4 = 1/4

Remaining job

1 - (1/4) = 3/4

3/4 of the job completed by Ms. Priya and Mr. Jay in 4 days

(1/16 + 1/x) × 4  = 3/4

⇒ (x + 16)/16x = 3/16

⇒ x + 16 = 3x

⇒ 2x = 16

⇒ x = 8 days

∴ Mr. Jay can complete the work in 8 days.

Given:

The shopkeeper sold item = Rs. 25

Formula used:

Selling Price = Cost Price × (100 - loss%)/100

Calculation:

Let the cost price be Rs. x

Loss percent = x%

Now

25 = x × (100 - x)/100

⇒ 2500 = 100x - x²

⇒ x² - 100x + 2500 = 0

⇒ x² - 50x - 50x + 2500 = 0

⇒ x(x - 50) - 50(x - 50) = 0

⇒ (x - 50)(x - 50) = 0

⇒ x = Rs. 50

∴ The cost price is Rs. 50

Given:

$\sqrt[3]{4} \sqrt[4]{8} = 2^n$

Concept used:

If x^a = y^b

Then a = b

Calculation:

Let us solve the question

$\sqrt[3]{4} \sqrt[4]{8} = 2^n$

⇒ $2^\frac{2}{3} \times 2^\frac{3}{4} = 2^n$

⇒ $2^{\frac{2}{3} + \frac{3}{4}} = 2^n$

⇒ $2^{\frac{8 + 9}{12}} = 2^n$

⇒ $2^{\frac{17}{12}} = 2^n$

⇒ n = 17/12

∴ The value of n = 17/12

Given:

Family structure in geometric progression

2, 4 , 8...

Formula used:

Sum of n terms in Geometric Progression = $\frac{a(r^n - 1)}{r - 1}$ r ≠ 1

Where a is the first term

r is the common ratio

Calculation:

The common ratio is

r = 4/2 = 8/4 = 2

The Sum of 10 terms is

$\frac{2(2^{10} - 1)}{2 - 1}$

⇒ 2 × (1024 - 1)

⇒ 2 × 1023 = 2046

∴ The number of her ancestors is 2046.

Given:

Total number of health problem = 100

Number of fever = 60

Number of cough = 25

Who had both fever and cough = 15

Calculation:

Only fever = 60 - 15 = 45

Only cough = 25 - 15 = 10

People neither have fever nor cought

100 - 45 - 10 - 15 = 100 - 70 = 30

∴ There are 30 individuals neither have fever nor cough.

Given:

Total people in park = 28

Children = 12

Calculation:

Number of adults = 28 - 12 = 16

After 8 people left 6 children left

Total children left

12 - 6 = 6

Number of adults left the park

8 - 6 = 2

Number of adults in the park after 3 p.m

16 - 2 = 14

∴ There will be 14 adults in the park after 3 p.m

Given:

When a student walks at 4 km/h he get late = 5 mins

When a student walks at 5 km/h he get late = 2.5 mins

Formula used:

Speed = Distance/Time

When distance is constant

Time ∝ 1/Speed

Calculation:

Ratio of speed = 4 : 5

So ratio fo time = 5 : 4

Let the ratio of time be 5x and 4x

Difference between time = 5 + 2.5 = 7.5 min

5x - 4x = 7.5

⇒ x = 7.5 mins

4x = 7.5 × 4 = 30 mins

Distance = 5 × (30/60) = 2.5 km

∴ The distance between his house and college is 2.5 k.m

Given:

The average price of a certain price = Rs. 190

The average price of 10 watches = Rs 175

The average of remaining = Rs. 200

Formula used:

Average = Sum of observation/Total number of observation

Calculation:

Let total watches be n

The total price of n watches = Rs. 190n

The total price of 10 watches = 175 × 10 = Rs. 1750

The total of the remaining = 200 × (n - 10)

Now

190n = 1750 + 200n - 2000

⇒ 10n = 250

⇒ n = 25

∴ Total 25 watches purchased.

Given:

Total Sum = Rs. 4830

A : B = 4 : 5

B : C = 9 : 16

Concept used:

P ∶ Q ∶ R = (P × Q) ∶ (Q × Q) ∶ (Q × R)

Calculation:

According to the concept,

A : B = 4 : 5

B : C = 9 : 16

So,

A : B : C = 4 × 9 : 5 × 9 : 5 × 16

⇒ A : B : C = 36 : 45 : 80

Let the ratio be 36x, 45x and 80x

36x + 45x + 80x = 4830

⇒ 161x = 4830

⇒ x = 4830/161 = 30

B's share = 45 × 30 = Rs 1350

∴ B's share is Rs. 1350

Given:

Mother's age = 3 × boy's age

Father's age = 10 year + mother age

Grandfather = 4 × boy's age = boy's age + 75 years

Calculation:

Let the boy age be x years

The boy age is

75 + x = 4x

⇒ 3x = 75 

⇒ x = 25 years

Grandfather's age = 75 + 25 = 100 years

Mother's age = 25 × 3 = 75 years

Father's age = 75 + 10 = 85 years

∴ The required difference is 100 - 85 = 15 years

Given:

Radius of bigger sphere = 6 cm

Melted into sphere of radius = 3 cm, 4 cm

Formula used:

The volume of sphere = (4/3)πr³

Calculation:

Let the radius of the third sphere is r cm

The volume of the bigger sphere = (4/3) × π × (6)³ = 216 × (4π/3)

The volume of the spheres with radii 3 = (4/3) × π × (3)3 = 27 × (4π/3)

The volume of the spheres with radii 4 = (4/3) × π × (4)3 = 64 × (4π/3)

Remaining volume = 216 × (4π/3) – [27 × (4π/3) + 64 × (4π/3)] 

⇒ 125 × (4π/3)

As we know that, this remaining volume is equal to the volume of the third ball

Let the radius of third ball be 'r'

So, the volume third ball = (4/3)πr³

⇒ (4/3)πr3 = 125 × (4π/3)

⇒ 125 = r³

⇒ r = 5 cm

Diameter = 2 × 5 = 10 cm

∴ The diameter of the sphere is 10 cm

The correct answer is an.

Key Points

• We use the article 'an' before a singular noun beginning with a vowel sound.
• Ex: The jury will hold an emergency meeting half an hour before announcing its decision.
• Here, the noun undeveloped begins with a vowel sound, so 'an' is to be used here.
• Hence, Option 2 is the correct answer.

Hence, the complete sentence is Animals have an undeveloped brain.

Exceptions: Choosing A or An

• It is not always necessary that a word beginning with a vowel word or consonant word is to be preceded by an and a, respectively. We determine the indefinite article on the basis of sound.
• Words beginning with consonant sounds precede ‘a’, and words beginning with vowel sounds precede ‘an’.
• There are some special cases also. For instance,
• a university, a union, a useful book, etc.

a one-dollar note, a one-man army, etc.

an MA, a BA, an LLB, a BSC, etc.

The correct answer is the.

Key Points

• The definite article the is to be used here.
• It limits the meaning of a noun to one particular or specific thing; also, 'the' can come before a singular or plural noun and the Superlative degree of the Adjective.
• Example: He is the best Hockey player.
• Here in the sentence, the Superlative degree of Adjective is used, and hence, it should be followed by a Definite article the.

Hence, the complete sentence is The corruption of the best becomes the worst.

The correct answer is 'for'.

Key Points

Let's look at the following points-

• The usage of Prepositon for - to talk about a purpose for something
• For e.g.- He leaves on Friday for a 15-day cruise around the Mediterranean.
• According to the above-mentioned point, the correct preposition to be used here is 'for'

​​The correct sentence- Each article was sold _for over a pound.

The correct answer is of.

Key Points

• The correct preposition that fits the blank is of.
• We use of with the verb boast in the sense of to praise oneself extravagantly in speech. 
• Example: This is an age when we boast of our emotional intelligence, and we claim to feel each other's pain.

​Hence, the correct answer is: He boasted of his accomplishments.

The correct answer is through.

Key Points

• Here, the preposition through is to be used with the sense of because of( के कारण).
• Example: Errors were made through bad organization.
• Hence, it is clear that the correct word to fit the blank is through.
• Hence, the complete sentence is It was all through you that we failed.

The correct answer is are.

Key Points

• According to the Subject-Verb Agreement rule, plural subjects should follow plural H.V.
• The conjunction and is joining the two singular subjects, the horse and the carriage. and hence, they are plural altogether.
• They should follow a plural H.V., i.e., are.

Hence, the complete sentence is: The horse and the carriage are at the door.

The correct answer is allows.

Key Points

• The verb form that fits the blank is allows.
• According to the Subject-Verb agreement rule, when two subjects are joined by as well as, the verb agrees in number and person with the first one.
• Example: The father as well as his sons is industrious.
• Here, the two subjects Justice and Mercy are joined by as well as and hence, the singular verb allows should follow them.

Hence, the complete sentence is Justice, as well as mercy, allows it.

The correct answer is has succumbed.

Key Points

• The phrase many a man always follows a singular H.V./Verbs.
• The only option suits here is has succumbed as it has the singular H.V. has.
• The option is succumbed is grammatically incorrect for this sentence because the given sentence is in Active Voice.

The complete sentence is Many a man has succumbed to this temptation.

The correct answer is 'He handed her a cheque'.

Key Points

• The given sentence is following the structure of passive voice of past indefinite or simple past tense.
• To convert it into an active voice following steps need to be followed:
• Find out the subject and object of the sentence and exchange their places.
• If was/were+ the third form of the verb is given in the sentence then it is converted into the second form of verb for an active voice.
• Structure of past indefinite- passive voice
• Object+ was/were+ the third form of verb+by+ Subject
• Structure of Past indefinite- active voice
• Subject+ the second form of the verb+ Object

Therefore, the correct sentence is: He handed her a cheque.

Additional Information

• Past indefinite tense: It is a tense that is used to express an action that is started in past, finished in past and has no relation with the future.
• Example:
• He visited the club last week.
• NOTE: A passive voice structure can be used without a subject if the subject is unknown.

The correct answer is I was asked my name.

Key Points

• The given sentence is in Simple Past Tense and Active Voice.
• The rule for changing a Simple Past Tense from Active voice to Passive voice:
• Interchange the object and subject with each other, i.e., the object of the active sentence becomes the passive sentence's subject.
• Structure:
• Subject + V2+ Object​ (Active Voice)
• Object + was/were + V3 + by Subject​ (Passive Voice)​
• Example:
• Miley sang a beautiful song last year. (Active Voice)
• A beautiful song was sung by Miley last year. (Passive Voice)
• Here, the subject they is unknown, and hence, we have to drop it in the passive voice.

Hence, according to the above rules, the correct sentence is: I was asked my name.

The correct answer is distributive pronoun.

Key Points

• A pronoun is a word that is used in place of a noun.
• For example, words like- he, she, we, they, who, which, etc., are called pronouns.
• Distributive Pronoun refers to a person or thing.
• So this pronoun is always singular, and we use it with singular nouns and verbs.
• The most commonly used distributive pronouns are Each, every, either, neither, everyone, none, no one, any, etc.
• Examples: 
• Every one of them liked the suggestion.
• Either of you has to come for the wedding.

Hence, the correct answer is distributive pronoun.

The correct answer is indefinite pronoun.

Key Points

• A pronoun is a word that is used in place of a noun.
• For example, words like- he, she, we, they, who, which, etc., are called pronouns.
• We use indefinite pronouns to refer to people or things without saying exactly who or what they are.
• Example: One must be sure of one’s facts before criticizing other people.
• One is an indefinite pronoun.

Hence, the correct answer is indefinite pronoun.

The correct answer is Abate.

Key Points

• Abate means to become less strong; to make something less strong (प्रकोप या प्रभाव का कम हो जाना या कम करना; धीमा होना).

Example: The storm showed no signs of abating.

• Let's check the meanings of the other words:
• ​Abet means to encourage or assist (someone) to do something wrong, in particular, to commit a crime.
• Abete means a kind of evergreen tree that bears cones (ˈfir-cones) and is often grown for its wood.
• These words don't fit the blank contextually.

Hence, the complete sentence is We waited for the wind to abate.

Hinglish

• Abate का अर्थ है कम मजबूत बनना; कुछ कम मजबूत बनाने के लिए (प्रकोप या प्रभाव का कम हो जाना या कम करना; गति सक्षम) .

उदाहरण: The storm showed no signs of abating.

• आइए दूसरे शब्दों के अर्थों की जाँच करें:
• • Abet का अर्थ है (किसी को) कुछ गलत करने के लिए प्रोत्साहित करना या सहायता करना, विशेष रूप से, अपराध करने के लिए ।
• Abete का अर्थ है एक प्रकार का सदाबहार पेड़ जिसमें शंकु (ˈफ़िर-शंकु) होते हैं और अक्सर इसकी लकड़ी के लिए उगाया जाता है ।
• ये शब्द प्रासंगिक रूप से रिक्त स्थान में फिट नहीं होते हैं।

​

इसलिए, पूरा वाक्य है - We waited for the wind to abate.

The correct answer is Paddle.

Key Points

• Paddle means a short pole with a wide, flat part at one end or both ends, used for moving a small boat or canoe through the water, Paddle is used by Potters to hit or paddle clay into a shape.
• Let's check the meanings of the other words:
• • Pedal means the part of a bicycle or other machine that you push with your foot to make it move or work.
• A puddle means a small pool of liquid on the ground, especially from rain.
• Peddle means to sell things, especially by taking them to different places.
• These words don't fit the blank contextually.

Hence, the complete sentence is The potter used a paddle to shape clay.

The correct answer is aren't I? 

Key Points

• A short question following a statement is called a question tag. It is used for checking information that we think we know is true.
• The rules for making the question tag are:
• The statement and the question tag must be in the same tense.
• If the statement is positive, the question tag must be negative or vice versa.
• Always use a pronoun in the question tag.
• Use the contracted form of "helping verb" and "not" in the negative question tag.
• Example: didn't, won't, etc.
• The given statement is positive. So, a negative question tag will be used.
• This sentence is in the simple present tense, and the helping verb used is am.
• So, 'aren't I' is the correct filler for the given blank.

Complete sentence: I am next in the queue, aren't I?

• If the main verb or auxiliary verb in the statement is am, the positive question tag is am I?
• Example: I'm never on time, am I?
• ​But, the negative question tag is usually aren't I?
• Example: I'm going to get an email with the details, aren't I?

The correct answer is do they? 

Key Points

• A short question following a statement is called a question tag. It is used for checking information that we think we know is true.
• The rules for making the question tag are:
• The statement and the question tag must be in the same tense.
• If the statement is positive, the question tag must be negative or vice versa.
• Always use a pronoun in the question tag.
• Use the contracted form of "helping verb" and "not" in the negative question tag.
• Example: didn't, won't, etc.
• The given statement is negative because of the usage of the word 'hardly'.
• So, a positive question tag will be used.
• This sentence is in the simple present tense, and the subject is plural.
• So, 'do they' is the correct filler for the given blank.

Complete sentence: They hardly eat in the restaurant, do they?

Additional Information

• 'Did' is the past form of the verb 'do'. 
• Example: We didn't go to the market yesterday.

The correct answer is worked upon.

Key Points

• The phrasal verb that contextually fits the blank is work upon.
• Work upon means to exercise influence on; persuade.
• Example: This worked upon her strongly.

​The complete sentence is He worked upon the ignorant villagers.

The correct answer is gave away.

Key Points

• The phrasal verb that contextually fits the blank is gave away.
• Give away means to give away information that should be kept secret, you reveal it to other people.
• Example: They felt like they were giving away company secrets.

​The complete sentence is He generally gave away the faults of his subordinates.

The correct answer is Trot.

Key Points

• Let's learn the meanings of these words:
• Trot: a jogging gait of a human that falls between a walk and a run.
• Example: A horse trotted past us.
• ​Scamper: to run nimbly and usually playfully about.
• Example: The kids were scampering around the yard.

​​Hence, Trot is the correct synonym of the word scamper.

The correct answer is Gingerly.

Key Points

• Let's learn the meanings of these words:
• Gingerly: very cautious or careful.
• Example: His questions were gingerly and puzzled.
• ​Wary: marked by keen caution, cunning, and watchfulness especially in detecting and escaping danger.
• Example: His strong personality and out-front style made administrators wary.

​​Hence, Gingerly is the correct synonym of the word Wary.

'व्योम' शब्द का पर्यायवाची 'आकाश' होता है। अन्य विकल्प असंगत है। 

Key Points

• एक ही शब्द के एक से ज्यादा अर्थ निकले उसे पर्यायवाची शब्द कहते है।
• आकाश - अंबर, अनंत, अंतरिक्ष, अभ्र, आसमान, गगन, दिव, नभ, पुष्कर, व्योम, विष्णुपद, सारंग, फलक।
• पानी - जल, नीर, सलिल, अंबु, अंभ, उदक, तोय, जीवन, वारि, पय, अमृत, मेघपुष्प, सारंग।
• अंशु - रश्मि, किरन, किरण, मयूख, मरीचि।
• सूर्य – प्रभाकर, दिनकर, रवि, दिवाकर, मरीचि, दिनकर, दिनेश, आदित्य, सूरज, भास्कर, भानु, अर्क, तरणि, आदित्य, सविता, पतंग, हंस, अंशुमाली, मार्तण्ड।

• अपेक्षा का विलोम शब्द 'उपेक्षा' है। अन्य सभी विकल्प असंगत है।
• अपेक्षा शब्द का अर्थ भरोसा करना। जबकि उपेक्षा का अर्थ तिरस्कार करना होता है, जो विपरीत है।

Additional Information

• किसी शब्द का विपरीत या उल्टा अर्थ देने वाले शब्द को 'विलोम' शब्द कहते हैं।
• आशा शब्द का विलोम शब्द:निराशा, दुराशा होता है।

'उच्च' शब्द का तद्भव रूप 'ऊँचा' होता है। अतः 'ऊँचा' सही विकल्प है।

उचित शब्द तत्सम शब्द का उदाहरण है।

Key Points

• तद्भव शब्द: तद्भव शब्द दो शब्दों तत् + भव से मिलकर बना है। जिसका अर्थ है – उससे उत्पन्न।
• अत: कहा जा सकता है कि संस्कृत भाषा के वे शब्द जो कुछ परिवर्तन के साथ हिंदी शब्दावली में आ गए हैं, उसे तद्भव शब्द कहा जाता है।
• जैसे:- अकाज, कचौड़ी, काजल, चाम, चमड़ा, चितेरा, कौड़ी, गहरा आदि।

• जिन संस्कृत शब्दों को हिंदी भाषा में बिना किसी परिवर्तन के लिया गया है, उन्हें 'तत्सम' शब्द कहा जाता है।
• जैसे: क्षेत्र, अज्ञान, अग्नि, अंधकार, अमूल्य, चंद्र, आदि।

• उपरोक्त दिए गये विकल्पों में से 'इनमे से कोई नही' सही विकल्प है।
• रात शब्द तद्भव स्त्रीलिंग है। तकारांत संज्ञाएँ जैसे- रात, बात, लात, छत, भीत, पत इत्यादि सदैव स्त्रीलिंग होते है।
• इसमें अपवाद- भात, खेत, सूत, गात, दाँत इत्यादि है।

Additional Information

• स्त्रील���ंग जिन संज्ञा शब्दों से स्त्री जाति का पता चलता है, उसे स्त्रीलिंग कहते हैं।
• जैसे - हंसिनी, लडकी, बकरी, माता, रानी, जूं, सुईं, गर्दन, लज्जा, नदी, शाखा, मुर्गी, गाय, बहन, यमुना, बुआ, लक्ष्मी, गंगा, नारी, झोंपड़ी, लोमड़ी आदि ।

• भू + ऊर्जित का संधि रूप है: भूर्जित। अन्य सभी विकल्प असंगत है।

Additional Information 

• सन्धि (सम् + धि) शब्द का अर्थ है 'मेल' या जोड़।
• दो निकटवर्ती वर्णों के परस्पर मेल से जो विकार (परिवर्तन) होता है वह संधि कहलाता है।
• जैसे: भू + ऊर्जित का संधि रूप है: भूर्जित। यह दीर्घ स्वर संधि का उदाहरण है।

• दीर्घ संधि :
• ह्रस्व या दीर्घ अ, इ, उ के बाद यदि ह्रस्व या दीर्घ अ, इ, उ आ जाएँ तो दोनों मिलकर दीर्घ आ, ई, और ऊ हो जाते हैं।
• उदाहरण :
• विद्या + अर्थी = विद्यार्थी।
• वधू + ऊर्जा = वधूर्जा ।

उत् + छिन्न का संधि रूप है: 'उच्छिन्न' होगा। अतः 'उच्छिन्न' सही विकल्प है।

उत् + छिन्न का संधि रूप है: 'उच्छिन्न' होगा। इसमें व्यंजन संधि हुई है।

Key Points 

• सन्धि (सम् + धि) शब्द का अर्थ है 'मेल' या जोड़।
• दो निकटवर्ती वर्णों के परस्पर मेल से जो विकार (परिवर्तन) होता है वह संधि कहलाता है।
• उत् + छिन्न का संधि रूप है: 'उच्छिन्न' होगा।

Additional Information

• व्यंजन का व्यंजन से अथवा किसी स्वर से मेल होने पर जो परिवर्तन होता है उसे व्यंजन संधि कहते हैं।
• जैसे : दिक् + अम्बर = दिगम्बर, अभि + सेक = अभिषेक, दिक् + गज = दिग्गज जगत + ईश = जगदीश।

सुनार शब्द  पुल्लिंग है और इसका स्त्रीलिंग शब्द 'सुनारिन' होगा। अन्य सभी विकल्प असंगत है। 

Key Points

• संज्ञा के जिस रूप में किसी व्यक्ति अथवा वस्तु में स्त्री या पुरुष जाति का बोध होता हैं उसे लिंग कहा जाता हैं।
• हिन्दी भाषा में दो लिंग होते है।
• पुल्लिंग, स्त्रीलिंग।

• जिन संज्ञा शब्दों से स्त्री जाति का पता चलता है, उसे स्त्रीलिंग कहते हैं। जैसे - हंसिनी, लडकी, बकरी, माता, रानी, जूं, सुईं, गर्दन, लज्जा, नदी, शाखा,
• मुर्गी, गाय, बहन, यमुना, बुआ, लक्ष्मी, गंगा, नारी, झोंपड़ी, लोमड़ी आदि ।

• नागरी प्रचारिणी सभा द्वारा प्रकाशित संक्षिप्त हिंदी शब्दसागर में खटिया कि उत्पत्ति के बारे में लिखा गया है।
• खाट + इया = खटिया।

Confusion Points

• संधि का सामान्य अर्थ है:- जोड़, मिलाप

• अत: यहाँ खाट जो सामान्य देशज शब्द है, उसके साथ इया जुड़कर, खटिया शब्द प्रचलन में आया।

• इया : से बने शब्द --> बढ़िया, घटिया, जड़िया

• "पीला है वस्त्र जिसका" यहाँ सही विकल्प होगा।​

Confusion Points

• पीताम्बर का कर्मधारय समास के अनुसार : विग्रह -- पीत है अम्बर जिसका, अथवा पीला वस्त्र जिसका है।
• क्योंकि  इस समास के दोनों शब्दों के बीच विशेषण-विशेष्य अथवा उपमान-उपमेय का सम्बन्ध होते है।
• जबकि बहुव्रीहि समास के अनुसार:--  पीत है अम्बर जिसका अर्थात 'कृष्ण'
• ​जिस समास का विग्रह करने पर किसी अन्य पद की प्रधानता झलकती हो, उसे बहुव्रीहि समास कहा जाता है।

Additional Information

• दो या दो से अधिक शब्दों से मिलकर बने हुए एक नवीन एवं सार्थक शब्द को समास कहते हैं।
• समास के छ: भेद हैं -

1. तत्पुरुष समास
2. अव्ययीभाव समास
3. द्विगु समास
4. द्वंद्व समास
5. कर्मधारय समास
6. बहुब्रीहि समास

Additional Information

• संदिग्ध वर्तमानकाल:- जिससे क्रिया के होने में सन्देह प्रकट हो, पर उसकी वर्तमानकाल में सन्देह न हो। उसे संदिग्ध वर्तमानकाल कहते हैं।
• सरल शब्दों में- जिस क्रिया के वर्तमान समय में पूर्ण होने में संदेह हो, उसे संदिग्ध वर्तमानकाल कहते हैं।
• जैसे- ''चित्रपट शुरू हुआ होगा'। वाक्य में 'रही होगा' से शुरू के कार्य को निश्चित रूप से नहीं कहा गया, उसमें संदेह की स्थिति बनी हुई है, अतः यहाँ संदिग्ध वर्तमान है।
• अतः 'वर्तमान' सही विकल्प है। अन्य सभी विकल्प असंगत है।

Key Points

• जिससे क्रिया से कार्य की समाप्ति का बोध हो, उसे भूतकाल की क्रिया कहते हैं।
• जैसे- वह खा चुका था; राम ने अपना पाठ याद किया; मैंने पुस्तक पढ़ ली थी।
• उपर्युक्त सभी वाक्य बीते हुए समय में क्रिया के होने का बोध करा रहे हैं। अतः ये भूतकाल के वाक्य है।
• भविष्य में होनेवाली क्रिया को भविष्य काल की क्रिया कहते है।
• जैसे- वह कल घर जाएगा।