DSSSB TGT Hindi (Female) 5 Sep 2021 Shift 2 (Previous Year Paper)

Explanation:- Some students are anchor as well men also. Similarly, Some anchor are men as well as students also and some men are students as well as anchor also.

The Venn diagram that best represents the relationship among Anchor, Men and Students is shown below:

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Hence, the correct answer is Option 2.

The logic followed in this question is:-

In the water image, the top and bottom parts of the image changed where the left and right sides of the image remain the same.

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

Additional Information 1. The reflection of an object into the water is its water image.

2. It appears by inverting an object vertically i.e. upside down.
3. The water image of the figure looks like the mirror image of the figure in case the mirror is horizontally at the bottom of the figure.

The correct venn diagram representation is:-

Conclusion I: No Ford is BMW.❌ 

Here, no direct relation between Ford and BMW is given.

Hence, this conclusion does not follow.

Conclusion II: Some Maruti are BMW.❌

Here, no direct relation between Maruti and BMW is given.

Hence, this conclusion is does not follow.

Hence, the correct answer is Neither I nor II follows.

Logic - (First number)/(Second number) = 4

In 352:88

352/88 = 4

Similarly,

860/a = 4

a = 215

Hence, the correct answer is 215.

In School, University and College students get admission to get education whereas in Hospital patient are admitted to get rid of diseases.

Here, Hospital is odd one.

Hence, the right answer is Hospital.

Step 1. E is taller than A and D 

E>A/D

Step 2. E is between B and A with respect to height.

B>E>A/D

Step 3. The youngest of these is the brand ambassador of Swiggy. C is the brand ambassador of Swiggy. Hence C is the youngest one.

B>E>A/D>C 

Step 4. The tallest person is the brand ambassador of Hotstar. B and D are neither the brand ambassadors of Hotstar nor of Swiggy. Hence, F is the tallest and like hotstar.

F>B>E>A/D>C 

 Here F is the tallest person.

Hence, the correct answer is F.

The number common to all three figures are shown by coloured portion:-

Hence, the correct answer is 8.

The positional value of alphabets are:-

Logic - (First letter + 2) = Second letter

(Second letter + 2) = Third letter

Here, 5 is added instead of 6.

Hence, the correct answer is PRS.

The venn diagram representation is:-

Conclusion I: All star being moon is a possibility.✅

Here, some moon are star but the possibility that all star being moon is possible.

Hence, the given conclusion is correct.

Conclusion II: Some sun are stars.❌ 

Here, No star is sun.

Hence, the given conclusion is incorrect.

Hence, the correct answer is Only I follows.

If a mirror is placed along MN line, then, we will get the following mirror image-

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

The positional value of alphabets are :-

Logic - Add the positional value of letter = number

option 1:- R21C✅

R = 18

C = 3

18 + 3 = 21

option 2:- Z27D❌

Z = 26

D = 4

26 + 4 = 30 ≠27

Hence, this option is incorrect.

option 3:-U28G✅

U = 21

G = 7

21 + 7 = 28

option 4:- H28T✅

H = 8

T = 20

20 + 8 = 28

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

The positional value of alphabets are:-

The reverse order of alphabets are:-

Z, Y, X, W, V, U, T, S, R, Q, P, O, N, M, L, K, J, I, H, G, F, E, D, C, B, A

The letter 20th from the right in the original series are G.

Now, the 18th letter to the left of G in the reverse order is Y.

Hence, the correct answer is Y.

Logic - add 4 to alternate number.

Hence, the correct answer is 392.

The answer figure that completes the question figure is:-

 

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

Explanation:- In WOMAN : WOMEN - Women is plural of woman.

Similarly, the plural of half is halves.

Hence, the correct answer is Halves.

The positional value of alphabets are :-

Logic - (First letter + 1)(Second letter - 1)(Third letter + 1)

In HSJ : IRK 

H + 1 = I

S - 1 = R

J + 1 = K

Similarly, 

S + 1 = T

I - 1 = H

C + 1 = D

Hence, the correct answer is THD.

The logic used in this question is :-

Logic - add 4 in number to get next number.

Hence, the correct answer is 87.

Logic - The number of rectangle are increased as 1 x 1, 2x2, 3x3, 4x4,5x5, 6x6.

Hence the figure that will continue the same series established by the five question figures are 

Hence, the correct answer is option2.

Let arranged the word 'NOTIFICATION' alphabetically,

'NOTIFICATION' - ACFIIINNOOTT

We know that vowels are 'AEIOU' except vowels all alphabets are consonant.

The letter which will be the third consonant of the word so formed is N.

Hence, the correct answer is N.

The positional value of alphabets:-

Logic - (Add positional value of given alphabets) X (Number of letter)

Here BLACK is coded as 145

Now add the positional value and multiply with number of letter.

(2 + 12 + 1 + 3 + 11) x 5

29 x 5 = 145

Similarly,

 RED is coded as 81

Now add the positional value and multiply with number of letter:-

(18 + 5 + 4) X 3

27 X 3 = 81

Now, PURPLE be coded as -

Now add the positional value and multiply with number of letter:-

(16 + 21 + 18 + 16 + 12 +5) X 6 = 528

Hence, the correct answer is 528.

The correct answer is Australia.

Key Points

• India had agreed to set up a "2+2 Ministerial Dialogue" at the level of Foreign and Defense Ministers with Australia.
• The dialogue took place on September 11, 2021.
• Foreign Minister- Marise Payne and Defence Minister- Peter Dutton from the Australian side met with External Affairs Minister (EAM)-S Jaishankar and Defence Minister-Rajnath Singh.
• The dialogue was aimed at further ramping up their overall defence and strategic cooperation including in the Indo-Pacific amid China’s increasing military assertiveness in the region.
• The Ministers intended to expand cooperation under the 2+2 framework and to meet at least once in every two years to maintain the momentum.

Additional Information

• Australia is a key partner in the Quad initiative as well as in the Indo-Pacific.
• It is also a partner in trilateral constructs like India-Australia-Indonesia and India-Australia-France.
• There is strategic convergence with Australia - India has a Civil Nuclear Cooperation Agreement (2014), a Technical Agreement on White Shipping Information Exchange (2015), an arrangement concerning mutual logistics support (2020), military exercises like AUSINDEX and multilateral ones such as Malabar.

The correct answer is Bal Swaraj.

Key Points

• Baal Swaraj is a portal launched by National Commission for Protection of Child Rights.
• ​It was launched for online tracking and digital real-time monitoring mechanism of children in need of care and protection.
• The portal has two functions-
• COVID care
• CiSS
• COVID Care link caters to the children who have lost either or both parents due to COVID-19 or otherwise post March 2020.
• ​The CiSS application is used for receiving data of children in street situations from all the states and union territories, tracking their rescue and rehabilitation process.
• The initiative is taken under the direction of the Supreme Court of India.

Additional Information

• The program embodies Article 51 (A) of the Constitution of India, as it provides a platform to the public and organizations catering to the welfare of the children to report any child in need of assistance.
• The platform serves to collect data and report to the District Child Protection Officer (DCPO) for them to take necessary action.
• It also provides a platform for professionals and organizations to provide any help that they can to children in need.
• The National Commission for Protection of Child Rights ( NCPCR) also launched the “Training Modules for the Child Welfare Committees (CWCs), Protocols for Restoration and Repatriation of Children” along with the GHAR - GO Home and Re-Unite (Portal for Restoration and Repatriation of Child)

The correct answer is The endless cycle of repeated rebirth.

Key Points

• "Samsara" in ancient Indian philosophy refers to the  endless cycle of repeated rebirth.
• ​It is a sanskrit word.
• It is the continuous cycle of death and rebirth.
• It encompasses the concept of reincarnation and the fact that what an individual does in their current life will be reflected, through karma, in their future lives.
• The full exposition of the saṃsāra doctrine is found in Sramanic religions such as Buddhism and Jainism, as well as various schools of Hindu philosophy.
• The liberation from saṃsāra is called Moksha, Nirvāṇa, Mukti or Kaivalya.

The correct answer is Bharatanatyam.

Key Points

• Rukmini Devi Arundale is associated with Bharatanatyam dance.
• Rukmini Devi
• ​She was a dancer and choreographer of the Indian classical dance form of Bharatanatyam.
• She was the first woman in Indian history to be nominated as a member of the Rajya Sabha.
• She was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 1956, and the Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship in 1967.
• She founded the Kalakshetra Foundation in Madras (now Chennai).

Additional Information

• Bharatnatyam is the classical dance of Tamil Nadu.
• It originated from the Natya Shastra.
• This dance form expresses the religious themes and spiritual ideas of South India.
• The ancient Tamil epic Silappatikaram contains the description of Bharatnatyam.

The correct answer is Indian council act, 1909.

Key Points

• Indian Council Act, 1909
• ​It was also known as Morley-Minto Reforms where Lord Morley was the then Secretary of State for India and Lord Minto was the then Viceroy of India.
• It increased the involvement of Indians in the governance of British India.
• It introduced a separate electorate for Muslims for the first time.
• For the first time, Indians were given membership to the Imperial Legislative Council.

Additional Information

• Indian Council Act, 1892 
• It was an Amendment Act increasing the number of members of the Central Legislative Assembly to 16 members.
• It increased the functions of legislative councils and gave them the power of discussing the budget and addressing questions to the executive.
• It was repealed by the Government of India Act 1915.
• Communal Award, 1932
• ​The Communal Award was created by the British prime minister Ramsay MacDonald on 16 August 1932.
• It was announced after the Round Table Conference and extended the separate electorate to depressed Classes and other minorities.
• Government of India Act, 1919
• ​It relaxed the central control over the provinces by demarcating and separating the central and provincial subjects.
• It introduced, for the first time, bicameralism and direct elections in the country. The Indian legislative council was replaced by a bicameral legislature consisting of an Upper House (Council of State) and a Lower House (Legislative Assembly).
• It extended the principle of communal representation by providing separate electorates for Sikhs, Indian Christians, Anglo-Indians, and Europeans.

The correct answer is Inertia.

Key Points

• In our daily life, the car seat belt works on the concept of inertia.
• Inertia is the property of an object by virtue of which it opposes any event that attempts to put the object in motion or to change its velocity.
• Therefore, an object at rest would want to continue staying at rest and an object in motion would have a tendency to continue its motion.
• Law of inertia is also called Newton's first law.

Additional Information

• Pressure is generally defined as the amount of force that is applied to a certain area.
• The pressure is the scalar quantity.
• It is expressed as a formula P=F/A.
• Gravitation or just gravity is the force of attraction between any two bodies.
• Law of Universal Gravitation states that all objects attract each other with a force that is proportional to the masses of two objects and inversely proportional to the square of the distance that separates their centres.
• The energy possessed by a body by virtue of its motion is called kinetic energy.

The correct answer is Pitt's India Act, 1784.

Key Points

• Pitt's India Act, 1784
• ​This Act made a distinction between the commercial and political activities of the East India Company.
• For the first time, the term ‘British possessions in India’ was used.
• This Act gave the British government direct control over the Indian administration.
• The Company became subordinate to the British government unlike as in the previous Regulating Act of 1773, where the government only sought to ‘regulate’ matters and not take over.
• This Act established the British Crown’s authority in the civil and military administration of its Indian territories.

Additional Information

• Act of Settlement, 1781
• ​In a bid to rectify the defects of the Regulating Act of 1773, the British Parliament passed the Amending Act of 1781, also known as the Act of Settlement.
• It exempted the Governor-General and the Council from the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court for the acts done by them in their official capacity.
• It excluded the revenue matters and the matters arising in the collection of revenue from the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court.
• Regulating Act, 1773
• ​It was passed by the British Parliament to control the territories of the East India Company majorly in Bengal.
• This Act permitted the company to retain its territorial possessions in India but sought to regulate the activities and functioning of the company.
• It did not take over power completely, hence called ‘regulating’.
• The Act provided for the appointment of a Governor-General along with four Councillors in the Presidency of Fort William (Calcutta), jointly called the Governor-General in Council.

The correct answer is Gurjar-Pratihara dynasty.

Key Points

• Gurjar-Pratihara dynasty
• They played an important role in stopping the advance of Arabs in India during the 9th - 10th century.
• Nagabhatta I was the founder of the Gurjara-Pratiharas Dynasty.
• Mihirabhoja was the most powerful Pratihara king.
• During his period, the empire expanded from Kathiawar to Bihar & from Kashmir to the Narmada.
• His supremacy was acknowledged by the Chandelas, the Kalachuris and the Arabs of Sindh.

Additional Information

• Gupta dynasty
• ​Sri Gupta was the founder of the Gupta dynasty.
• Chandragupta I was the first to be called Maharajadhiraja.
• He was succeeded by Samudragupta in about 330 A.D., who reigned for about fifty years.
• He was a great military genius and is said to have commanded a military campaign across the Deccan, and also subdued the forest tribes of the Vindhya region.
• Samudragupta's successor Chandragupta II, also known as Vikramaditya, conquered the extensive territories of Malwa, Gujarat and Kathiawar.
• Chola dynasty
• Vijayalaya was the founder of the Chola dynasty.​
• The greatest kings of Cholas were Rajaraja & his son Rajendra I.
• Rajaraja built Brihadeshwara temple / Rajarajeshwara temple (attributed to Shiva) at Tanjore.
• Rajendra I conquered Orissa, Bengal, Burma, and Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The Chola dynasty was as its zenith during his reign.
• Local self-government was an important feature of Cholas' rule.
• Pala dynasty
• ​Gopala is considered the founder of Pala dynasty.
• He was the first independent Buddhist king of Bengal and came to power in 750 in Gaur by democratic election.
• Dharmapala became ruler after Gopala.
• He founded the famous Buddhist monastery at Vikramashila. It became eminent as Nalanda.

The correct answer is Nagaland.

Key Points

• Changsang dance performed by Chang tribe is indigenous to Nagaland. 
• ​The Chang Naga Tribe of Nagaland performs the Changsang dance as a part of the Naknyulüm festival in the month of July.
• Changsang dance is performed to honour the environment and the site where humanity originated.
• During the festival with which the dance is associated, prayers are performed side by side with the dance in order to honour the sky God.
• The Chang Nagas perform dances in colourful clothes and accompany them with matching tunes during the Puanglem/Nknyulum festival time.

Additional Information

• Pung Cholam is a folk dance of Manipur.
• “Pung cholom” literally means "roar of the drums".
• It is the soul of Manipuri Sankirtana music and classical Manipuri dance.
• Laho Dance is a folk dance of Meghalaya.
• It is basically performed by the Janitha people of Meghalaya.
• Cheraw is the traditional bamboo dance of Mizoram.
• The Cheraw or bamboo dance is a traditional dance of Mizoram.
• The male dancers move these bamboos to a rhythmic beat while the female dancers move gracefully while stepping in and out of the bamboo formations.

The correct answer is Kabaddi.

Key Points

• Amar, Suranjeevi, and Gamini are forms of Kabaddi.
• Kabaddi is a contact team sport.
• It is played between two teams of seven players.
• The objective of the game is for a single player on offence, referred to as a "raider", to run into the opposing team's half of a court, touch out as many of their defenders as possible.
• He has to return to his side without getting touched by his opponents.
• It is the national sport of Bangladesh.

Additional Information

• Sanjeevani Kabaddi
• One player is revived against one player of the opposite team who is out.
• The game is played over 40 minutes with a five-minute break between halves.
• There are seven players on each side and the team that outs all the players on the opponent’s side scores four extra points.
• Gaminee Kabaddi
• Seven players play on either side or a player put out has to remain out until all his team members are out.
• The team that is successful in ousting all the players of the opponent’s side secures a point.
• The game continues until five or seven such points are secured and has no fixed time duration.
• Amar Kabaddi
• It resembles the Sanjeevani form in the time frame rule.
• A player who is declared out doesn’t leave the court, but instead stays inside, and the play goes along.
• For every player of the opposition touched ‘out,’ a team earns a point.

The correct answer is Japan.

Key Points

• In June 2021, the Union Cabinet of India approved the Memorandum of Cooperation (MoC) on Sustainable Urban Development with Japan. 
• Under the framework of the MoC, a Joint Working Group (JWG) is constituted to strategize and implement programmes on cooperation.
• The Joint Working Group will meet once in a year, alternately in Japan and in India.
• The cooperation under this MoC is commenced on the date of its signature and continue for a period of 5 years.
• The MoC promotes strong, deep and long-term bilateral cooperation in the field of Sustainable Urban Development between the two countries.
• The objectives of the MoC are to facilitate and strengthen India-Japan technical cooperation in the field of Sustainable urban development.

Additional Information

• The MoC is expected to create employment opportunities in the areas of sustainable urban development, including Urban Planning, Smart Cities Development, Affordable Housing, (including rental housing), Urban Flood Management, Sewerage and Waste Water Management, etc.

The correct answer is Balathal.

Key Points

• The ancient skeletal reference of leprosy was found at Balathal, Rajasthan. 
• A 4,000 year old skeleton of a man is believed to be 37 years when he died.
• This skeleton was found buried at Balathal, about 40 km north-east of Udaipur in Rajasthan.
• It provides the oldest evidence of leprosy in human beings.
• The skeleton called specimen 1997-1 was analysed by anthropologists and biologists from Deccan College and from Appalachian State University, North Carolina, USA.
• Bones beneath the skull--the vertebral column, ribs, shoulder and pelvic bones--are incomplete and fragmentary.
• Many ends of the foot bones are missing. Joints are degenerating and finger tips, legs and the nose are damaged.
• This is proof enough that the specimen 1997-1 had leprosy.

Additional Information

• Hansen's disease (also known as leprosy) is an infection caused by slow-growing bacteria called Mycobacterium leprae. 
• It mainly affects the skin, eyes, nose and peripheral nerves.
• Balathal is an archaeological site of Ahar-Banas Culture located in Vallabhnagar tehsil of Udaipur district of Rajasthan.
• It is located on the banks of the bedach river.
• The site was discovered by V. N. Misra during a survey in 1962-63.
• There were various ethnobotanical remains recovered at Balathal which includes wheat, barley, Indian jujube, okra, and Job's tears as well as several varieties of millet, lentils, and peas.

The correct answer is Imperial Bank Of India.

Key Points

• The Imperial Bank of India was founded by J. M. Keynes on 27 January 1921.
• The Imperial Bank was formed as a joint-stock bank in January 1921 by amalgamating the Presidency Banks of Bombay, Calcutta, and Madras.
• It was one of the oldest and largest banks in the Indian sub-continent.
• Initially, it acted as Central Bank for British India, before the establishment of the Reserve Bank of India in 1935.
• On 30 April 1955, the Imperial Bank of India was renamed the State Bank of India.

The correct answer is Abdul Ghaffar Khan.

Key Points

• Abdul Ghaffar Khan was the first non-Indian to receive the Bharat Ratna.
• ​He received it in 1987.
• There is no written provision that Bharat Ratna should be awarded to Indian citizens only.
• Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan was widely known as "Frontier Gandhi".
• He was an independence activist and Pashtun leader.
• He was a follower of Mahatma Gandhi.
• He joined Khilafat Movement in 1920 and founded Khudai Khidmatgar ("Red Shirt movement") in 1929.

Additional Information

• Nelson Mandela received the Bharat Ratna in 1990.
• Nelson Mandela was the President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999.
• He is often called the "Gandhi of South Africa".
• He was the leader of the Anti-Apartheid Movement in South Africa.
• Mother Teresa won the Bharat Ratna in 1980.
• She was a naturalised citizen of India.
• She won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1979.

The correct answer is 1949.

Key Points

• The Banking Regulation Act, which gave RBI the power to regulate, control, inspect and license the formation of new banks, was passed in the year 1949.
• Banking Regulation Act, 1949
• It is a legislation in India that regulates all banking firms in India.
• Initially, the law was applicable only to banking companies. But, 1965 it was amended to make it applicable to cooperative banks and to introduce other changes.
• In 2020 it was amended to bring the cooperative banks under the supervision of the Reserve Bank of India.
• The Act provides a framework under which commercial banking in India is supervised and regulated.
• It gives the RBI the following powers-
• the power to license banks, have regulation over shareholding and voting rights of shareholders
• supervise the appointment of the boards and management
• regulate the operations of banks
• lay down instructions for audits
• control moratorium, mergers and liquidation
• issue directives in the interests of public good and on banking policy, and impose penalties

The correct answer is Sharath Kamal.

Key Points

• Sharath Kamal became the first Indian to win the Pyongyang Invitational tournament in 2007.
• Sharath Kamal
• ​He is an Indian professional table tennis player.
• In 2019, he was awarded the Padma Shri.
• In 2022, he was awarded the Khel Ratna Award.
• In the year 2007 he was the first Indian to win the Pyongyang Invitational Tournament held at Pyongyang, North Korea.
• This was the 21st edition of the tournament which was held in August 2007.

Additional Information

• Soumyajit Ghosh
• ​He is an Indian table tennis player from Siliguri, West Bengal.
• He was the youngest Indian player to qualify for the London, 2012 Olympics.
• He also became the youngest national champion at the age of 19, when he defeated Sharath Kamal in the 74th National Table Tennis Championships.
• Manika Batra
• ​She is an Indian table tennis player.
• She was awarded the Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna in 2020.
• She received Arjuna Award in 2018.​

The correct answer is Brahmaputra.

Key Points

• Dibang river is a tributary of Brahmaputra.
• ​Dibang River
• It originates near the Keya pass in the Dibang Valley district of Arunachal Pradesh.
• The Sisar, Mathun, Dri, and Emra are the tributaries of the Dibang river.

Important Points

• River Brahmaputra
• It is known by the name of the Yarlung Tsangpo in the Tibet region.
• It originates in Chemayungdung glacier in the Himalayas and drains into the Bay of Bengal.
• It is about 2,900 km in length.
• After flowing through Tibet, it enters India through Arunachal Pradesh and flows through Assam and Bangladesh before it joins the Bay of Bengal.
• Dibang River, Lohit River, Dhansiri River, Kameng River, Manas River, Teesta River, Subansiri River are the major tributaries.
• River Ganga
• It rises in the Gangotri glacier near Gaumukh (3,900 m) in the Uttarkashi district of Uttarakhand. Here, it is known as the Bhagirathi.
• It cuts through the central and the lesser Himalayas in narrow gorges.
• At Devprayag, the Bhagirathi meets the Alaknanda, hereafter, it is known as the Ganga.
• The important left bank tributaries are the Ramganga, the Gomati, the Ghaghara, the Gandak, the Kosi and the Mahananda.
• The river finally discharges itself into the Bay of Bengal near Sagar Island.
• River Narmada
• ​It originates from the Narmada Kund located in Amarkantak, Anuppur district in Madhya Pradesh.
• The major tributaries of the Narmada are Barna, Tawa, Kanar, Kolar, Man, Hatni, Uri, Shakkar, etc.
• Unlike most of the peninsular rivers, Narmada and Tapi rivers flow to the west.
• River Godavari
• ​It rises from Trimbakeshwar in the Nashik district of Maharashtra.
• It is the oldest River in India.
• It is also known as the Ganga of South India.
• Dams on the Godavari river are - Polavaram Dam (Andhra Pradesh), Pochampad Dam (Telangana).

The correct answer is Longitudinal.

Key Points

• Sound waves traveling in the air are Longitudinal waves.
• Longitudinal waves are the waves in which the particle of the medium vibrates parallel to the direction of its propagation.
• Sound waves in air are longitudinal waves because particles of the medium through which the sound is transported vibrate parallel to the direction that the sound wave moves.
• Sound waves with a frequency in the range of (0-20 Hz) are called infrasonic waves.
• Sound waves with a frequency range (20-20000 Hz) are called audible ranges.
• Sound waves with a frequency greater than 20000 Hz are called Ultrasonics.

Additional Information

• Transverse waves are the waves in which the particle of the medium vibrates perpendicular to the direction of its propagation.
• Examples of transverse waves include electromagnetic waves, vibrations on a string and ripples on the surface of water.​

The correct answer is Nilgiri Mountains.

Key Points

• Nilgiri Mountain is the parent mountain range of Doddabett peak.
• The Nilgiri Mountains form part of the Western Ghats in northwestern Tamil Nadu, Southern Karnataka, and eastern Kerala.
• Doddabetta is the highest mountain in the Nilgiri Mountains at 2,637 metres (8,652 feet).
• There is a reserved forest area around the peak.
• They are located at the trijunction of three states and connect the Western Ghats with the Eastern Ghats.
• The Nilgiri Hills are part of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve.

Additional Information

• The famous Cardamom hill is located in the Western Ghats.
• The Cardamom Hills region is famous for the production of tea, coffee, teak, and bamboo as well as the cardamom.
• The name cardamom hills come from the cardamom spice grown in much of the hills.
• The Nallamalas are a section of the Eastern Ghats which forms the eastern boundary of Rayalaseema region of the state of Andhra Pradesh and Nagarkurnool district of the state of Telangana.
• The Western Ghats is a mountain range that runs from the western coast of Peninsular India.
• It is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
• It is one of the eight hotspots of biological diversity in the world due to its high level of biological diversity and endemism.

The correct answer is Morarji desai.

Key Points

• Morarji Desai is the only Indian who received the highest civilian awards from both India and Pakistan- the Bharat Ratna (1991) and Nishaan-e-Pakistan (1990).
• He was the 4th Prime Minister (1977-1979) of India.
• He was the second deputy prime minister of India.
• He was the first non-congress Indian Prime Minister.

Additional Information

• Mirzā Ghulām Ahmad was an Indian religious leader and the founder of the Ahmadiyya movement.
• Jawaharlal Nehru was the first Prime Minister of India.
• He is the architect of the Preamble of the Indian constitution.
• He served as the first chairman of the planning commission of India.
• He was honored with the Bharat Ratna in 1955.
• The name Panchayati raj was given by Jawaharlal Nehru.
• Dilip Kumar was an Indian actor.
• ​The Government of Pakistan conferred Kumar with the Nishan-e-Imtiaz, the second highest civilian award in Pakistan, in 1998.

Shortcut Trick

Ratio of Water in A and B = 6 : 11. Difference = 5 units = 40 litres ⇒ 1 unit = 8 litres.

Water in A = 48 litres, Water in B = 88 litres.

In A (M:W = 5:4), 4 units = 48 ⇒ Milk = 60 litres. Total A = 108 litres.

In B (M:W = 17:22), 22 units = 88 ⇒ Milk = 68 litres. Total B = 156 litres.

Final Water = 48 + 88 = 136. Final Milk = 60 + 68 = 128.

Ratio Water : Milk = 136 : 128 = 17 : 16.

∴ The correct answer is 17 : 16.

Alternate Method

Given: Ratio of Milk : Water in A = 5 : 4 and in B = 17 : 22.

Ratio of Water in A : Water in B = 6 : 11.

⇒ Let Water in A = 6x and Water in B = 11x.

⇒ Difference = 11x − 6x = 5x = 40 litres ⇒ x = 8 litres.

⇒ Water in A = 6 × 8 = 48 litres.

⇒ Water in B = 11 × 8 = 88 litres.

⇒ For Mixture A: 4 units of water = 48 litres ⇒ 1 unit = 12 litres. Milk in A = 5 × 12 = 60 litres.

⇒ For Mixture B: 22 units of water = 88 litres ⇒ 1 unit = 4 litres. Milk in B = 17 × 4 = 68 litres.

⇒ Total Water = 48 + 88 = 136 litres.

⇒ Total Milk = 60 + 68 = 128 litres.

⇒ Required Ratio (Water : Milk) = 136 : 128 = 17 : 16.

∴ The correct answer is 17 : 16.

Additional Information

Alligation Method

Used to find the ratio in which two mixtures are mixed to get a desired concentration. Ratio = (Value₂ − Mean) : (Mean − Value₁).

Ratio and Proportion

If a : b is the ratio of two quantities, then the actual quantities are ax and bx, where x is the common multiplier.

Mixture Concentration

Concentration of a component = (Quantity of component) ÷ (Total quantity of mixture).

Given:

Volume of cuboid = 864 cu. cm

Area of ​​the base is 108 sq. cm

Formula Used:

 Volume of Cuboid = Length × Breadth × Height 

Since, Length and Breadth makes the base of cuboid,

Area of Base = Length × Breadth

Volume of Cuboid = Area of Base × Height 

Calculation:

Area of Base × Height = 864

⇒ 108 × Height = 864

⇒ Height = 864 ÷ 108 = 8 cm

Hence, Height of cuboid is 8 cm.

Formula Used:

$\mathrm{A}=\mathrm{P} ×\left(1+\frac{R}{100}\right)^{T}$

Where, P = Principal, R = Rate of Interest and T = Time period

Calculation:

Let the principal value be x

after 4 years sum becomes 8 times,

⇒ A = 8x

$8x=x×\left(1+\frac{R}{100}\right)^4$

$⇒ 8=\left(1+\frac{R}{100}\right)^4 \quad \cdots \text { (1) }$

Let money becomes 64 times in T time,

$64x=x×\left(1+\frac{R}{100}\right)^{T}$

$⇒ 8^2=\left(1+\frac{R}{100}\right)^{T} \cdots \text { (ii) }$

Squaring equation (i), we get

$8^2=\left(1+\frac{R}{100}\right)^8$ . . .(iii)

From, (ii) and (iii)

∴ After 8 years sum will become 64 times of itself.

Given:

(A + B) do a work in 10 days

(B + C) do a work in 25 days

(C + A) do a work in 50 days

Concept Used:

Total Time = Total Work/Efficiency

Calculation

Let's take the LCM of 10, 25, and 50 is 50.

Now, Total work = 50 units

One day work by (A + B) = 50/10 = 5

One day work by (B + C) = 50/25 = 2

One day work by (C + A) = 50/50 = 1

Now, One day work by (A + B + C) is :

⇒ 2 (A + B + C) = 5 + 2 + 1 = 8

⇒ A + B + C = 8/2

⇒ A + B + C = 4

No. of days taken by (A + B + C) to finish the work = 50/4 = 25/2 = 12.5 days.

∴ All three together can finish the work in 25/2 = 12.5 days.

Solution:

For company A,

Produced Units = 800

Sold Units = 650

Unsold Units = 800 - 650 = 150

For company B,

Produced Units = 900

Sold Units = 550

Unsold Units = 900 - 550 = 350

For company C,

Produced Units = 750

Sold Units = 450

Unsold Units = 750 - 450 = 300

For company D,

Produced Units = 500

Sold Units = 450

Unsold Units = 500 - 450 = 50

For company E,

Produced Units = 750

Sold Units = 500

Unsold Units = 750 - 500 = 250

Total Unsold Units = 150 + 350 + 300 + 50 + 250 = 1100

Hence, Total Unsold Units by all the companies together is 1100.

Given:

Equation: 36% of 250 - 40% of 130 = 150% of (?) - 22

Formula Used:

x% of y = $\frac{x}{100}$ × y

Calculation:

First, calculate the values on the left side of the equation.

⇒ 36% of 250 = $\frac{36}{100}$ × 250

⇒ 36 × $\frac{250}{100}$ = 36 × 2.5 = 90

⇒ 40% of 130 = $\frac{40}{100}$ × 130

⇒ 0.40 × 130 = 52

Now, substitute these values back into the equation.

⇒ 90 - 52 = 150% of (?) - 22

⇒ 38 = 150% of (?) - 22

⇒ 38 + 22 = 150% of (?)

⇒ 60 = 150% of (?)

⇒ 60 = $\frac{150}{100}$ × (?)

⇒ 60 = 1.5 × (?)

⇒ ? = $\frac{60}{1.5}$ = 40

∴ The approximate value of the question mark is 40.

Formula Used:

Profit = Selling Price - Cost Price

Profit percentage = Profit/Cost Price × 100 

Calculation:

<br>

Let the CP of 1 gm = Rs. 1.

CP of 1000 gm = Rs. 1000

Price of 800 gm of article = Rs. 800 = CP of 800 gm

Marked Price of 1000 gm of goods = Rs. 1200 = SP of 800 gm

Profit = 1200 - 800 = 400

Profit percentage = 400/800 × 100 = 50 %

∴ the profit percentage is 50%.

Shortcut Trick

Work done by X + Y + Z in 2 hours = 2/8 = 1/4 part.

Remaining work = 1 − 1/4 = 3/4 part.

X + Y fill 3/4 part in 12 hours ⇒ Full work in 12 × (4/3) = 16 hours.

Efficiency of Z = (1/8) − (1/16) = 1/16.

∴ The correct answer is 16 hr.

Alternate Method

Given: Time taken by X + Y + Z = 8 hours. Time taken by X + Y for remaining part = 12 hours.

Formula Used: Efficiency = Total Work ÷ Time

⇒ Let total work be 24 units (LCM of 8 and 12 is not directly used here, let us use 16 based on logic).

⇒ Let total work = 16 units.

⇒ Efficiency of (X + Y + Z) = 16 ÷ 8 = 2 units/hr.

⇒ Work done in 2 hours = 2 × 2 = 4 units.

⇒ Remaining work = 16 − 4 = 12 units.

⇒ Efficiency of (X + Y) = 12 units ÷ 12 hours = 1 unit/hr.

⇒ Efficiency of Z = Efficiency of (X + Y + Z) − Efficiency of (X + Y) = 2 − 1 = 1 unit/hr.

⇒ Time taken by Z = Total Work ÷ Efficiency of Z = 16 ÷ 1 = 16 hours.

∴ The correct answer is 16 hr.

Additional Information

Pipes and Cisterns Logic

If a pipe fills a tank in 'm' hours and another empties it in 'n' hours, the net work done in 1 hour is (1/m − 1/n).

Combined Efficiency

The efficiency of multiple pipes working together is the sum of their individual efficiencies: E_total = E₁ + E₂ + ... + E_n.

Work and Time Relationship

Time taken to complete a task is inversely proportional to efficiency: Time = 1/Efficiency.

Concept Used:

For any two fraction,

If denominator of fractions are equal then fraction with bigger numerator is bigger in value.

Or larger decimal value represents larger fraction.

Calculation:

⇒ 3/4 = 0.75

⇒ 6/7 = $0.\overline{857142}$

⇒ 7/11 = $0.\overline{63}$

⇒ 5/12 = $0.41\bar{6}$

⇒ $0.41\bar{6}$ < $0.\overline{63}$< 0.75 <$0.\overline{857142}$

⇒ 5/12 < 7/11 < 3/4 < 6/7

Solution:

Employees in the marketing department of company X in 2018 = 1500 × (110/100) = 1650.

Employees in the marketing department of company Y in 2018 = 3000 × (110/100) = 3300.

Ratio = 1650/3300 = 1/2

Hence, the required ratio is 1:2.

Formula Used:

If a unit of X with per unit price A and b unit of Y with unit price B is given,

then unit price of their mixture is a (aA + bB) ÷ (a + b)

Calculation:

Selling Price of mixture = Rs. 153

Let Cost Price be Rs. y.

Profit Percentage = 20%

⇒ 20 = (153 - y)/y × 100

⇒ 20y = 153 × 100 -100y

⇒ 120y = 153 × 100

⇒ y = 153 × 100 ÷ 120 = 127.5

Let quantity of type 1 tea bought by shopkeeper be x kg.

Cost Price of Type 1 tea = Rs. 125 × x 

Cost Price of Type 2 tea = 13 × 145 = Rs. 1885

Cost Price of Mixture = (1885 + 125x) ÷ (13+x)

⇒ 127.5 = (1885 + 125x) ÷ (13+x)

⇒ 127.5 × 13 + 127.5x = 1885 +125x

⇒ 2.5x = 1885 - 1657.5 = 227.5

⇒ x = 227.5 ÷ 2.5 = 91

Hence, quantity of type 1 tea bought by shopkeeper be 91 kg.

Shortcut Trick Since profit is 20% then CP = 5 and SP = 6

6→ 153, 2→ 51, CP = (51/2) × 5 = 127.5

since 1→ 13, 7→ 91

∴ The quantity of type 1 tea bought by the shopkeeper is 91 kg.

Formula used:

x% of a total value X can be calculated using x/100 × X

Calculation:

Total Investment = $ 250 million

Since, 42% money is invested in Bitcoins,

Money invested in Bitcoin = 42/100 × 250 = 21 × 5 = $ 105 million

Remaining 58% is invested in other virtual currencies.

Remaining money = 250 - 105 = $ 145 million

Difference  = 145 - 105 = $ 40 million.

Shortcut Trick

In a cyclic quadrilateral, the sum of opposite angles is 180°.

∠A + ∠C = 180° ⇒ 3x + 9y = 180 ⇒ x + 3y = 60

∠B + ∠D = 180° ⇒ 5x + 2y = 180

Multiply first equation by 5: 5x + 15y = 300.

Subtracting second from first: (5x + 15y) − (5x + 2y) = 300 − 180 ⇒ 13y = 120.

Ratio y/x = y ÷ (60 − 3y) = (120/13) ÷ (780/13 − 360/13) = 120 ÷ 420 = 2/7.

∴ The correct answer is 2/7.

Alternate Method

Given: ∠A = 3x°, ∠B = 5x°, ∠C = 9y°, ∠D = 2y°.

Formula: Sum of opposite angles in a cyclic quadrilateral is 180°.

Since ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral, opposite angles sum to 180°:

⇒ ∠A + ∠C = 180°

⇒ 3x + 9y = 180

⇒ x + 3y = 60 ⇒ x = 60 − 3y — (Eq. 1)

⇒ ∠B + ∠D = 180°

⇒ 5x + 2y = 180 — (Eq. 2)

Substituting (Eq. 1) into (Eq. 2):

⇒ 5(60 − 3y) + 2y = 180

⇒ 300 − 15y + 2y = 180

⇒ 300 − 13y = 180

⇒ 13y = 120 ⇒ y = 120/13

Now, finding x from (Eq. 1):

⇒ x = 60 − 3(120/13)

⇒ x = (780 − 360) / 13 = 420/13

Calculating the ratio y/x:

⇒ y/x = (120/13) ÷ (420/13) = 120 / 420

⇒ y/x = 12/42 = 2/7

∴ The correct answer is 2/7.

Additional Information

Cyclic Quadrilateral Properties

A quadrilateral whose vertices all lie on a single circle. The sum of opposite angles is always 180°.

Exterior Angle Theorem

The exterior angle formed by extending a side of a cyclic quadrilateral is equal to the interior opposite angle.

Ptolemy's Theorem

For a cyclic quadrilateral with sides a, b, c, d and diagonals p, q: p × q = ac + bd.

Shortcut Trick

Time in hours = Distance ÷ Speed = (7/2) ÷ 63 = 1/18 hr

Convert hours to seconds by multiplying by 3600 (since 1 hr = 3600 s)

Time = (1/18) × 3600 = 200 seconds

∴ The correct option is B.

Alternate Method

Given:

Speed of the bus (S) = 63 km/hr

Distance to cover (D) = 7/2 km = 3.5 km

Formula Used:

Time = Distance ÷ Speed

BUS

Speed = 63 km/hr Total Distance = 3.5 km

Start Finish Time = Distance ÷ Speed

Calculations:

⇒ Time (T) = (7/2) ÷ 63 hours

⇒ T = 7 ÷ (2 × 63) hours

⇒ T = 7 ÷ 126 hours

⇒ T = 1/18 hours

⇒ To convert hours into seconds, multiply by 3600 (1 hour = 60 minutes × 60 seconds)

⇒ Time = (1/18) × 3600 seconds

⇒ Time = 200 seconds

∴ The correct option is B.

Additional Information

Unit Conversion

To convert speed from km/hr to m/s, multiply by 5/18. To convert from m/s to km/hr, multiply by 18/5.

Average Speed

If a body travels two equal distances at speeds x and y, the average speed is 2xy ÷ (x + y).

Relative Speed

When two bodies move in the same direction, relative speed = |u − v|. When they move in opposite directions, relative speed = u + v.

Given:

The average weight of 21 workers is 45 kg

If weight of the manager is included, the average increases by 3 kg

Formula Used:

Average = Sum of all Observations/Number of Observations

Calculation:

Sum of weights of workers = 45 × 21 = 945 kg

Let the weight of the manager be x kg

According to the question,

45 + 3 = (945 + x)/22

⇒ 48 × 22 = 945 + x

⇒ x = 1056 - 945 = 111

∴ The weight of the manager is 111 kg.

Shortcut TrickLet the weight of manager = N

N = Old average + Increased average × No. of persons(including the new member)

⇒ N = 45 + 3 × 22 = 45 + 66 = 111 kg

∴ The weight of the manager is 111 kg.

Solution:

Ratio of Investment A : B = 40000 : 50000 = 4: 5

Let the Profit share of A and B be 4x and 5x.

Profit of A = 1500 x 12 = 18000 (for managing the business)

According to the question, we get

4x + 18000 + 5x = 45000

⇒ x = 3000

B's Profit = 5 x 3000 = 15000

∴ Profit of B is Rs. 15000.

Formula used:

x% of a total value X can be calculated using x/100 × X

Calculation:

Let x be the total number of votes.

AAP got 70% of the votes = 70/100 × x = 7x/10

TMC got remaining 30% votes i.e., 30/100 × x = 3x/10

Difference = 36,

⇒ 7x/10 - 3x/10 = 36

⇒ 7x - 3x = 360

⇒ 4x = 360

⇒ x = 90

Hence, their are total 90 people who gave votes.   

<br>

Shortcut Trick AAP Votes -  TMC Votes = 36 

<br>

⇒(70% - 30%) = 36 ⇒ 40% = 36 ⇒ 100% = 90

Formula Used: 

CI = P[(1 + R / 100)n - 1]; Where, CI = Compound Interest

P = Principal, R = Rate, n = Time in years (if interest compounded annually)

a³ - b³ = (a - b)(a² + ab + b²)

Calculation:

P= Rs. 52,000, R= 10%, n = 3 years.

CI = P[(1 + R/100)n - 1]

⇒ CI = 52000[(1 + 10/100)3 - 1]

⇒ CI = 52000[(1 + 1/10)3 - 1]

⇒ CI = 52000[(11/10)3 - 1]

⇒ CI = 52000[(113 - 10³)/1000]

⇒ CI = 52(113 - 103) = 52(11 - 10)(11² + 11 × 10 + 10²)

⇒ CI = 52(121 + 110 + 100) = 52 × 331 = 17212

Hence, CI is Rs. 17,212.

<br> <br>

Shortcut Trick

<br>

⇒R% =10% = (+1/10) Fraction form

<br>

where +1 indicates the interest 

<br>

10 indicates the actual amount

<br>

Principal and amount ratio after 3 years 

<br>

⇒ (10)³ :(11)³ ⇒ 1000 : 1331

<br>

SO, interest =1331 -1000 =331....(1)

<br>

where p = 1000 but actual p = 52000 

<br>

This means that the actual principal is 52 times bigger than

<br>

the principal we have considered. so actual interest also 52

<br>

times bigger than interest = 331 × 52 =17212

Solution:

Let present age of Amar and Bhupendrao be x and y.

2 years ago, the ratio of ages of Amar and Bhupendrao is 3 : 4

⇒ (x - 2)/(y - 2) = 3/4

⇒ 4x - 8 = 3y - 6

⇒ 4x - 3y = 2 . . .(i)

2 years from now, the ratio of ages of Amar and Bhupendrao is 4 : 5.

⇒ (x + 2)/(y + 2) = 4/5

⇒ 5x + 10 = 4y + 8

⇒ 5x - 4y = -2 . . .(ii)

Equation (i) × 4 - equation (ii) × 3

⇒ 16x - 15x = 8 + 6

⇒ x = 14

In equation (i),

⇒ 4 × 14 - 2 = 3y 

⇒ 56 - 2 = 3y

⇒ y = 54/3 = 18

⇒ x/y = 14/18 = 7/9

Hence, the required ratio is 7:9.

Shortcut Trick

Since the distance is constant, the ratio of time taken is inversely proportional to the speed.

Ratio of speeds = 5 : 3 ⇒ Ratio of time taken = 3 : 5

Total time = 16 hours ⇒ Time taken from A to B = (3 ÷ 8) × 16 = 6 hours

Speed from A to B = Distance ÷ Time = 300 ÷ 6 = 50 km/hr.

∴ The correct answer is 50 km/hr.

Alternate Method

Given:

Total time for the journey = 16 hours

Distance between A and B = 300 km

Ratio of speeds from A to B and B to A = 5 : 3

Formula Used:

Time = Distance ÷ Speed

Calculations:

⇒ Let the speed of the train from A to B be 5x km/hr and from B to A be 3x km/hr.

⇒ Total time taken = Time from A to B + Time from B to A

⇒ 16 = 300 ÷ 5x + 300 ÷ 3x

⇒ 16 = 60/x + 100/x

⇒ 16 = 160/x

⇒ x = 160 ÷ 16 = 10

⇒ Speed of the train from A to B = 5x = 5 × 10 = 50 km/hr.

∴ The correct answer is 50 km/hr.

Additional Information

Average Speed

When distance is constant, Average Speed = (2 × S₁ × S₂) ÷ (S₁ + S₂).

Relative Speed

When two objects move in opposite directions, their relative speed is the sum of their individual speeds (S₁ + S₂).

Inverse Proportionality

For a constant distance, speed and time are inversely proportional. Ratio of Time = 1 ÷ Ratio of Speed.

The correct answer is "It's neither political ambition nor the desire to."

Key Points

• In the given sentence, the error lies in the part "or the desire to."
• The correct word to use in place of "or" is "nor."
• Neither/nor is used when the choice is negative or the person wants to say that more than one thing is not true.
• For example: We received neither the package nor the invoice.
• Both the drive to receive awards and the desire to advance politically are eliminated as temptations in the example offered.
• Thus, the correct set of correlative conjunction to use in the sentence is "Neither.....nor."
• Thus, the correct answer is: Its neither political ambition nor the desire to win awards that tempted him to take to active social work.

Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

The correct answer is "Close but no cigar."

Key Points

• Let us understand the meaning of the given idioms:
• "Give him the slip" means to evade or escape from someone.
• Example: He gave reporters the slip by leaving at midnight.
• "From rags to riches" means to start your life very poor and then later in life become very rich.
• Example: Jessica's story really is one of going from rags to riches. She grew up with nothing, now she is a movie star.
• "Hit the nail on the head" means to do or say something that is exactly right. 
• Example: This hotel has hit the nail on the head - the perfect blend of old and new.
• "Close but no cigar" is used to say that someone almost succeeded, but is not completely successful or correct.
• Example: It was close but no cigar for Johnny as he came second once again.
• From the above explanation, it can be concluded that the idiom "close but no cigar" explains the given phrase the best.

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

The correct answer is "a valid criteria for design."

Key Points

• In the given sentence, the error lies in the part "a valid criteria for design."
• The use of the word "criteria" in the sentence is incorrect.
• Criteria is the plural form of criterion and should not be used as a singular noun.
• Criterion is singular, meaning "a standard of judgment or criticism." 
• Example: The most important criterion for entry is that applicants must design and make their own work.
• Now, in the given sentence, a singular noun is used i.e. "the tensile strength."
• Thus, we will use the word "criterion" in place of criteria.
• The correct sentence is: For brittle materials, the tensile strength is a valid criterion for design.

Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

The correct answer is "lumnious."

Key Points

• Among the given options,  the word "lumnious" is nowhere found in the English vocabulary or we can say that there is some spelling error in it.
• The correct spelling would be "luminous."
• "Luminous" means something that shines in the dark Or something that produces or reflects light.
• Synonyms: Shining, bright, radiant.
• Example: The library was lit by the luminous glow of laptops.
• From the above explanation, it is clear that the word in option 1 is incorrectly spelled.

Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

Additional Information 

• Let us understand the meaning of the other given words:
• "Inadvertent" means (used about actions) done without thinking, not on purpose.
• "Calumny" means a false statement made about somebody in order to damage their reputation.
• "Contentious" means something likely to cause disagreement or argument.

The correct answer is "esoteric."

Key Points

• Let us first understand the meaning of the given words:
• "Esoteric" means intended for or likely to be understood or enjoyed by only few people with a special knowledge or interest.
• Example: He has an esoteric collection of old toys and games.
• "Hysteric" means a wildly emotional and exaggerated reaction.
• Example: She was a neurotic hysteric with a pathological guilt complex.
• "Neoteric" means a modern person; a person who advocates new ideas Or something belonging to a new fashion or trend.
• Example:  Archaize building is a neoteric unconscious phenomenon.
• "Concentric" means (used about circles of different sizes) having the same center point.
• Example: On a blackboard, he drew five concentric circles.
• Now, in the given sentence, the blank will explain the quality of the debate with respect to the public present.
• From the above explanation, the word "esoteric" fits the best in the blank.
• The correct sentence: He is fond of pointing out how esoteric this debate is to the wider public.

Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

The correct answer is "perpetual."

Key Points

• Let us understand the meaning of the given and the marked words: 
• "Transient" means something lasting or continuing for a short period of time.
• Synonyms: transitory, temporary, short-term.
• Example: The snow is transient and will melt as soon as the sun appears.
• "Perpetual" means continuing for a long period of time without stopping.
• Synonyms: Unending, everlasting, eternal.
• Example: His life is a perpetual holiday.
• From the above explanation, it is clear that the word "perpetual" is the antonym of the word "transient."

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

Additional Information 

 

 

• Let us understand the meaning of the other given words:
• "Fugitive" means a person who is running away or hiding from the police or a dangerous situation.
• "Transitory" means something not permanent.
• "Fleeting" means something lasting for a very short time.

The correct answer is "RQPS."

Key Points

• The sentence that is mentioned at the beginning states that the names Great Britain and United Kingdom are often used interchangeably.
• Thus, the following sentence must discuss this issue only.
• Part R mentions that they are not the same and thus it will follow the given sentence.
• Sentence Q further explains the reason behind the existence of two names and the difference between them and at the end it mentions 'the British isles.'
• In sentence P we can further observe that the explanation is given related to the British Isles.
• Part S will follow part P and then the last fragment will follow it to end the paragraph.
• From the above explanation, it is clear that the correct sequence for the given fragments is "RQPS."

Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

The correct answer is "told us, "Coal was used."

Key Points

• The given sentence, is in direct speech.
• Direct speech is a word-to-word repetition of what the speaker or writer has conveyed.
• ​​We must place the direct speech in inverted commas (“ “) at the beginning and end of the piece of speech.  We will also need to use a verb such as “to say” or “to tell”, to describe the moment of speech.
• Example: She said, “I have never stayed in that hotel in my life.”
• We use the word "that" in indirect speech to explain what was said. We do not use it in direct speech.
• Thus, to make the sentence error free, we will have to remove the word "that."
• Thus, the correct sentence: He told us , "Coal, was used before the oil-burning and electric brooders."

​Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

The correct answer is "Having no stand, shows favour at one time and unfavored at another."

Key Points

• Idiom means an expression that cannot be understood from the meanings of its separate words but must be learned as a whole. 
• Example: "Hit the sack" means to go to bed in order to sleep.
• I’ve got a busy day tomorrow, so I think I’ll hit the sack.
• The given idiom "Blow hot and cold" means 
• alternate inconsistently between two moods, attitudes, or courses of action.
• Example: He's been blowing hot and cold about the trip to Goa.
• From the above explanation, it is clear that option 2 describes the correct meaning of the given idiom.

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is "Ethos."

Key Points 

• Let us first understand the meaning of the given words: 
• "Pathos" means (in literature) the power of a performance, description, etc. to produce feelings of sadness or pity.
• Example: There is a real pathos running through the whole story.
• "Ethos" means a set of ideas and attitudes associated with a particular group or society. 
• ​Example: The company made environmental awareness part of its business ethos.
• "Athos" is  an autonomous area in northeastern Greece that is the site of several Greek Orthodox monasteries founded in the tenth century.
• Example: There is a peninsula in Greece where Mount Athos is located.
• Thus, it can be concluded that the word "ethos" explains the given expression in the best manner.

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

The correct answer is "Equinox."

Key Points

• Let us first understand the meaning of the given words: 
• "Lummox" means a clumsy, stupid person.
• Example:  He was acting like a lummox that day.
• "Equinox" means one of the two times in the year (around 20 March and 22 September) when the sun is above the imagined line round the center of the earth (equator) and day and night are of equal length.
• Example: There was a belief for a long time that the equinox - when there are roughly equal hours of day and night - affects the weather
• "Magnum" means a gun designed to fire cartridges that are more powerful than its caliber would suggest. 
• ​Example: That magnum has a kick like a field-gun.
• "Lennox" means something from the field of elm trees.
• Example: Lennox is one of the new breed of surname names on the rise as a Scottish name.
• Thus, it can be concluded that the word "equinox" explains the given expression in the best manner.

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is "No error."

Key Points

• The given sentence is grammatically and meaningfully correct.
• In the given sentence, "In all but" phrase means very nearly, almost, just about.
• Example: We have support from all but one of the networks. (They have nearly got the support of every network."
• Thus, the phrase "all but" is used correctly.
• The given sentence also follows a correct subject-verb agreement.
• Also, "between" is used to introduce a prepositional phrase which contains two singular or plural noun phrases.
• Thus, the word "teams" is also used correctly.

Hence, it can be concluded that the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is "intermediary."

Key Points

 

• Among the words given in the options:
• The words in option 1, option 2 and option 3 are spelled incorrectly and are nowhere found in the English vocabulary.
• However, the word mentioned in option 4 i.e. "intermediary" is spelt correctly.
• "Intermediary" means someone who carries messages between people who are unwilling or unable to meet.
• Synonyms: Mediator, negotiator, arbitrator.
• Example: The police negotiated with the gunman through an intermediary.
• From the above explanation, it is clear that the word "intermediary" is spelt correctly.

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

The correct answer is "apprehensive."

Key Points

• Let us understand the meaning of the given and the marked words: 
• "Timorous" means showing or suffering from nervousness or a lack of confidence.
• Synonyms: Fearful, faint-hearted, trembling.
• Example: He spoke with a timorous voice.
• "Apprehensive" means being worried or afraid that something unpleasant may happen (भविष्‍य की किसी अप्रिय घटना के लिए) चिंतित, आशंकित, शंक).
• Synonyms: Anxious, alarmed, worried.
• Example: I'm very apprehensive about tomorrow's interview.
• From the above explanation, it is clear that the word "apprehensive" is the synonym of the word "timorous."

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

Additional Information 

 

• Let us understand the meaning of the other given words:
• "Widening" means to become, or to make something greater in width. (चौड़ा हो जाना)
• "Bombastic" means forceful and confident in a way that is intended to be very powerful and impressive, but may not have much real meaning or effect.
• "Bold" means (used about a person or his/her behavior) confident and not afraid. (आत्‍मविश्‍वासी और निडर)

The correct answer is "didactic."

Key Points

• Let us understand the meaning of the given words: 
• "Syntactic" means relating to the structure of statements or elements in a computer language.
• Example: Markup and content may be distinguished by the application of simple syntactic rules.
• "Didactic" means used or intended for teaching or instruction ; morally instructive, or intended to be so.
• Example: He is more didactic in his approach to the learning process.
• "Dialectic" means the art of investigating or discussing the truth of opinions.
• Example: A brainstorming session was in full effect as members used dialectic tactics to problem-solve.
• "Apodictic" means something clearly established or beyond dispute.
• Example: After spending 16 years teaching English, I had an apodictic assurance that I could pass an adolescent literature class.
• In the given sentence, the blank will emphasize on the type of courses offered.
• Thus, in the sentence, the correct word to be used is "didactic" which means the courses offered will be instructive.

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is "Language."

Key Points

• "Attribute" means a quality, character, or characteristic ascribed to someone or something.
• Example: People were beginning to attribute superhuman qualities to him.
• Now, we are asked to select the option which does not mention an attribute of Non-verbal communication.
• Refer to the following line from the passage:
• Line 2 and 3: Nonverbal communication has been defined as communication without words. It includes apparent behaviours such as facial expressions, eyes, touching, tone of voice, as well as less obvious messages such as dress, posture and spatial distance between two or more people.
• Thus, according to the passage, only option 2 i.e. "language" is not a feature of non-verbal communication.

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is "Two."

Key Points

• According to the passage, Communication in general is process of sending and receiving messages that enables humans to share knowledge, attitudes, and skills.
• Now, refer to the following line from the passage:
• ​Line 1 and 2 of the passage: Although we usually identify communication with speech, communication is composed of two dimensions-verbal and nonverbal.
• ​Thus, from the highlighted part in the above line it is clear that communication has two dimensions.

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is "Adults are more adept in understanding non-verbal cues than young children."

Key Points

• Refer to the following lines from the passage:
• Line 6 and 7 of the passage: As children develop verbal skills, nonverbal channels of communication do not cease to exist although become entwined in the total communication process.
• ​Thus, option 1 is correct.
• ​Line 5 and 6 of the passage:  Young children know far more than they can verbalize and are generally more adept at reading nonverbal cues than adults are because of their limited verbal skills and their recent reliance on the nonverbal to communicate.
• It is evident from the highlighted portion of the previous line that option 2 is accurate relative to the passage, but option 4 is inaccurate.
• Line 1 of the passage: Communication in general is process of sending and receiving messages that enables humans to share knowledge, attitudes, and skills.
• ​Thus, option 3 is correct.
• ​​From the above explanation, it can be concluded that only option 4 is false according to the passage.

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

The correct answer is "By watching and imitating their parents and peers."

Key Points

• Among the given options:
• In option 1 it is given that to learn non-verbal communication one must take a highly specialised skill. 
• But, Line 4 of the paragraph: Commonly, nonverbal communication is learned shortly after birth and practiced and refined, states otherwise. Thus, option 1 is incorrect.
• In option 2, it is stated that non-verbal communication is not learned but it is a natural trait which is incorrect according to the passage.
• In option 3, it is given that one learns it at schools which is not correct and nowhere mentioned in the passage.
• Option 4 states that we learn it by watching and imitating our parents and peers, which is true and is confirmed by the following line:
• Line 5: Children first learn nonverbal expressions by watching and imitating, much as they learn verbal skills.
• ​It is clear from the foregoing explanation that option 4 is appropriate in relation to the question asked.

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

The correct answer is "shortly after birth."

Key Points

• Refer to the following lines from the passage:
• Line 4: Commonly, nonverbal communication is learned shortly after birth and practiced and refined throughout a person's lifetime.​
• It is obvious from the highlighted portion of the previous sentence that one starts to acquire nonverbal communication shortly after birth.

Hence, it can be concluded that the correct answer is option 2.

Additional Information

• "Adolescence" means the period of a person’s life between being a child and becoming an adult, between the ages of about 13 and 17.
• "Adulthood" means the period in the human lifespan in which full physical and intellectual maturity have been attained.
• "Teenage" means a person aged between 13 and 19 years old.

काजू शब्द विदेशी शब्द का सही विकल्प होगा।

• काजू पुर्तगाली भाषा का शब्द है
• हिन्दी / संस्कृत भाषा को छोड़कर अन्य दूसरे देशों के भाषाओ के वे शब्द जो हिन्दी मे प्रयुक्त होते हैं, विदेशी शब्द कहलाते हैं।
• जैसे - रेलवे स्टेशन, हास्टल, डाक्टर, बस, काजू आदि।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण -

• तत्सम शब्द:- मूल भाषा (संस्कृत) के वे शब्द जो बिना रूप परिवर्तन के हिन्दी मे प्रयोग किए जाते हैं।
• अनशन, एकल तथा यवनिका तत्सम शब्द है।

Additional Information

• **शब्द :-**दो या दो से अधिक वर्णों के सार्थक योग को शब्द कहते हैं।
• जैसे – क् + अ + म् + अ = कम (थोड़ा या कम)

उत्पत्ति के आधार पर शब्दो के निम्नलिखित भेद होते हैं-

जो कार्य कष्ट उठाकर सध सकता हो वाक्यांशों के लिए एक शब्द का सही विकल्प कष्टसाध्य होगा।

• जब किसी वाक्य में प्रयुक्त या स्वतन्त्र किसी वाक्यांश के लिए किसी एक शब्द का प्रयोग किया जाता है, जो उस वाक्यांश के अर्थ को पूरी तरह सिद्ध करता हो तो उसे वाक्यांश के लिए एक शब्द कहते हैं, अर्थात अनेक शब्दों के लिए एक शब्द को प्रयुक्त करना ही वाक्यांश के लिए एक शब्द कहलाता है।

Key Points अन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण - 

तुमने कहा और सब मान गए मे वाक्य के भेद का सबसे अच्छा विकल्प संयुक्त वाक्य होगा।

• संयुक्त वाक्य में दो या दो से अधिक स्वतंत्र वाक्य योजक चिह्नों के द्वारा जुड़े रहते हैं।
• किन्तु,परन्तु, और, तथा, इसलिए, या, अथवा, अन्यथा, अत: इत्यादि योजक शब्द होते हैं।
• योजक शब्द समुच्चय बोधक अव्यय होते हैं।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण -

रचना के आधार पर वाक्य तीन प्रकार के होते है -

Additional Informationअर्थ के आधार पर वाक्य आठ प्रकार के होते है -

1. विधान वाचक वाक्य।
2. निषेधवाचक वाक्य।
3. प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य।
4. विस्मयादिवाचक वाक्य।
5. आज्ञावाचक वाक्य।
6. इच्छावाचक वाक्य।
7. संकेतवाचक वाक्य।
8. संदेहवाचक वाक्य।

विधान वाचक वाक्य:- वह वाक्य जिससे किसी प्रकार की जानकारी प्राप्त होती है, वह वि‌‌धानवाचक वाक्य कहलाता है।

उदाहरण :- रामचंद्र जी राजा दशरथ के पुत्र थे।

अद्य आद्य शब्द युग्म के लिए सही अर्थ का विकल्प आज, पहला होगा।

• अद्य के अन्य अर्थ - इस समय, इस वक्त, अब, आज , वर्तमान आदि।
• आद्य के अन्य अर्थ - प्रथम, पहला, प्रधान, मुख्य, श्रेष्ठ, विशिष्ठ, उत्कृष्ट आदि।

Key Points अन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण - 

चसक शब्द, देशज शब्द का सही विकल्प होगा।

• देशज शब्द :- आंचलिक भाषाओं के वे शब्द जो क्षेत्रीय प्रभाव के कारण हिन्दी मे प्रयुक्त होते हैं, देशज शब्द कहलाते हैं।
• जैसे - खुरपा, गड़बड़, हड़बड़ाहट, चसक आदि।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण - 

• किला तथा आदमी - अरबी भाषा का शब्द है।
• गमला - पुर्तगाली भाषा का शब्द है।

Additional Information उत्पत्ति के आधार पर शब्दो के निम्नलिखित भेद होते हैं –

'रामचरितमानस' मात्र आध्यात्मिक ग्रंथ ही नहीं, बल्कि जन - कल्याणकारी काव्य है। वाक्य सही विराम चिह्न युक्त वाक्य का सबसे अच्छा विकल्प होगा।

• वाक्यों को लिखते अथवा बोलते समय जहां पर उन्हें विराम देने की आवश्यकता होती है, वहां हम रुक जाते है, लिखते समय वाक्यों को विराम देने के लिए जिस प्रकार के चिन्हों का प्रयोग करते है, उन्हें विराम चिन्ह कहते है।

Key Points अन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण -

• 'रामचरितमानस' मात्र आध्यात्मिक ग्रंथ ही नहीं, बल्कि जन - कल्याणकारी काव्य है - वाक्य मे पूर्ण विराम चिह्न का प्रयोग किया जाना था।
• पूर्ण विराम चिह्न(।) :- किसी भी वाक्य के पूर्ण हो जाने के बाद पूर्ण विराम चिह्न का प्रयोग किया जाता है।
• 'रामचरितमानस मात्र आध्यात्मिक ग्रंथ ही नहीं, बल्कि जन कल्याणकारी काव्य है। - वाक्य मे जन कल्याणकारी के बीच मे योजक चिह्न का प्रोग किया जाना था।
• योजक विराम चिह्न( - ) :- योजक चिन्ह का प्रयोग शब्दों के बीच भेद को दर्शाने के लिए करते है।
• अतः विराम चिह्न युक्त वाक्य 'रामचरितमानस' मात्र आध्यात्मिक ग्रंथ ही नहीं, बल्कि जन - कल्याणकारी काव्य है। होगा।

Additional Information

विराम चिह्न का प्रकार -

• अल्प विराम (,)
• अर्द्ध विराम  (;)
• पूर्ण विराम( ),(.)
• उप विराम (:)
• विस्मयादिबोधक चिन्ह (!)
• प्रश्न वाचक चिन्ह (?)
• कोष्ठक ( )
• योजक चिन्ह – (-)
• अवतरण चिन्ह या उद्धरण चिन्ह (” ”)
• लाघव चिन्ह (०)
• आदेश चिन्ह (:-)
• रेखांकन चिन्ह (_)
• लोप चिन्ह (………..)
• पुनरुक्ति सूचक चिन्ह (,,)
• विस्मरण चिन्ह ( )
• दीर्घ उच्चारण चिन्ह (s)
• तुल्यता सूचक चिन्ह (=)
• निर्देशक चिन्ह (-)

बावजूद शब्द उपसर्ग से बने शब्द का सही विकल्प होगा।

• बाबजूद शब्द मे 'बा' उपसर्ग है तथा 'वजूद' मूल शब्द है।
• शब्दों के आदि में जुड़कर शब्दों के अर्थ में विशेषता लाने वाले शब्दांश ‘उपसर्ग’ कहलाते हैं।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण -

• धार्मिक = धर्म + इक, इसमे धर्म मूल शब्द तथा इक प्रत्यय है।
• धमकी = धमक + ई, इसमे धमक मूल शब्द तथा ई प्रत्यय है।
• दुगुना = दो + गुना, इसमे दो मूल शब्द तथा गुना प्रत्यय है।

Additional Informationप्रत्यय :-

• प्रत्यय= प्रति (साथ में पर बाद में)+ अय (चलनेवाला) शब्द का अर्थ है,पीछे चलना।
• जो शब्दांश शब्दों के अंत में विशेषता या परिवर्तन ला देते हैं, वे प्रत्यय कहलाते हैं।
• जैसे- दयालु= दया शब्द के अंत में आलु जुड़ने से अर्थ में विशेषता आ गई है।
• अतः यहाँ 'आलू' शब्दांश प्रत्यय है।
• प्रत्ययों का अपना अर्थ कुछ भी नहीं होता और न ही इनका प्रयोग स्वतंत्र रूप से किया जाता है।

वह आता तो उसे भी वरदान मिल जाता मे वृत्ति के भेद का सबसे अच्छा विकल्प संकेतार्थ होगा।

• जहाँ क्रिया द्वारा किसी संकेत का बोध होता है वहां पर संकेतार्थ वृत्ति होती है।
• संकेतार्थ के अन्य उदाहरण - यदि वो अभ्यास करता तो मैच जीत जाता।

Key Points अन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण -

Additional Informationवृत्ति :- 

• वृत्ति का अर्थ है मन:स्थिति।
• इसे क्रियार्थ भी कहते हैं।
• वक्ता जो कुछ भी कहता है, वह मन:स्थिति अर्थात मन में उत्पन्न भाव-विचार के अनुसार कहता है।
• अत: वृत्ति का लक्षण हुआ – क्रिया के जिस रूप से वक्ता की वृत्ति अथवा मन:स्थिति का बोध होता है उसे वृत्ति या क्रियार्थ कहते हैं।

राकेश कितना अच्छा गा रहा है वाक्य के लिए पक्ष के भेद का सबसे अच्छा विकल्प सातत्य बोधक होगा।

• इससे क्रिया की प्रक्रिया के चालू रहने का बोध होता है।
• अन्य उदाहरण - गीता कितना अच्छा लिख रही है।
• राधिका कितना बुरा कह रही है।

Key Points अन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण -

Additional Informationपक्ष भेद:-

• क्रिया के जिस रूप से क्रिया प्रक्रिया अर्थात क्रिया व्यापार का बोध होता है ,उसे क्रिया का पक्ष कहते हैं।
• यह क्रिया- व्यापार दो दृष्टियों से देखा जा सकता है।
• पहली दृष्टि से हम देखते हैं कि क्रिया की प्रक्रिया आरंभ होने वाली है अथवा आरंभ हो चुकी है, अथवा वर्तमान में चालू है या हो चुकी है।
• दूसरी दृष्टि में क्रिया -प्रक्रिया को एक इकाई के रूप में देखते हैं।

नील का टीका लगाना - मुहावरे का सही अर्थ वाला विकल्प कलंक लगाना / कलंकित करना होगा।

• वाक्य प्रयोग - तुम क्यो उस भले मानुष पर नील का टीका लगाने पर तुले हो।

Key Points अन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण -

Additional Informationमुहावरा:-

• मुहावरा अरबी भाषा का शब्द है, जिसका शाब्दिक अर्थ है - अभ्यास।
• हिन्दी में यह शब्द रूढ़ हो गया है, जिसका अर्थ है - “लक्षणा या व्यंजना द्वारा सिद्ध वाक्य, जो किसी एक ही बोली या लिखी जानेवाली भाषा में प्रचलित हो और जिसका अर्थ प्रत्यक्ष अर्थ से विलक्षण हो।”

महतीच्छा संधि का सही संधि विच्छेद महती + इच्छा होगा।

• महती + इच्छा में "दीर्घ स्वर संधि" संधि है। महती + इच्छा की संधि "महतीच्छा" होता है।
• अतः इसमें “ दीर्घ स्वर संधि ” लागू होती है।
• दीर्घ स्वर संधि करते समय अगर (अ, आ) के साथ (अ, आ) हो तो ‘आ‘ बनता है, जब (इ, ई) के साथ (इ , ई) हो तो ‘ई‘ बनता है, जब (उ, ऊ) के साथ (उ ,ऊ) हो तो ‘ऊ‘ बनता है।

Key Points संधि के तीन भेद होते है -

Additional Informationसंधि :-

• संधि का अर्थ होता है मेल या फिर मिलना। जब हम दो शब्दों को मिलाते हैं तो पहले शब्द की अंतिम ध्वनी एवं दुसरे शब्द कि पहली ध्वनी मिलकर जो परिवर्तन लाती है, उसे ही संधि कहते हैं।
• जब संधि किये गए दो शब्दों को हम अलग अलग करके लिखते हैं तो वह संधि विच्छेद कहलाता है।