DSSSB TGT Hindi (Female) 4 Sep 2021 Shift 3 (Previous Year Paper)

Explanation:- Taj Mahal, Agra Fort and Buland Darwaza all are made by Mughals in India whereas Gol Gumbaz is made by Adil shahi Dynasty, It is an important example of the southern regional style of Indo-Islamic architecture.

Hence, the correct answer is Gol Gumbaz.

Let's solve this question step by step:-

Suppose, Asha is denoted by A.

Barsha is denoted by B.

Celia iss denoted by C.

Disha is denoted by D.

Emily is denoted by E.

Farheeen is denoted by F.

Step I:- Celia is sitting between Asha and Emily.  Barsha is sitting to the immediate right of Emily.

Step II:- Disha is not at the edge.

Step III:-  Farheen is not at the right end.

Here, there are 4 person to the right of Disha.

Hence, the correct answer is 4.

To solve this equation we used BODMAS formula-

Given equation:-

67 - 15 + 9 ÷ 6 × 30 = 37

option 1- × and + ❌

After interchanging the sign we get:-

67 - 15 X 9 ÷ 6 + 30 =74.5

74.5 ≠ 37

Hence, this option is wrong.

 option 2- × and -❌

After interchanging the sign we get:-

67 X 15 + 9 ÷ 6 - 30 ≠ 37

Hence, this option is wrong.

option 3- × and ÷❌

After interchanging the sign we get:-

67 - 15 + 9 X 6 ÷ 30 = 53.8

53.8 ≠ 37

Hence, this option is wrong.

option 4- + and - ✅

After interchanging the sign we get:-

67 + 15 - 9 ÷ 6 X 30 = 37

Hence, the correct answer is + and -.

Statement: The headmaster can take disciplinary action against the students who are not following the school rules and can even suspend the students in serious cases.

• Assumption (I):
  

Not implicit. The statement outlines the headmaster's authority to maintain discipline within the school. Labelling these responsibilities as "too many powers" is a subjective value judgment. The text provides no baseline or comparison to suggest that the headmaster's disciplinary scope is excessive or disproportionate.

Assumption (II):

• Implicit. The fundamental purpose behind creating disciplinary rules and enforcing punishments (like suspension) in an educational institution is corrective. It relies on the necessary baseline assumption that penalties serve as a deterrent, helping student understand their mistakes so they do not repeat them

​Hence, the correct answer is Only Assumption II is implicit.

In the given option, we notice that each option is mirror image of each other while Option3 is not mirror image.

Hence, the correct answer is Option3.

The number of people who have interest in any two of the sports only is shown by coloured portion.

Hence, the number of people who have interest in any two of the sports only is 55 + 65 + 80 = 200

Hence, the correct answer is 200.

The family chart is given below:-

Step 1:- N is brother of R and son of P and takes peaches.

Step 2:- M is the mother of R's father.

Step 3:- O takes banana and she is daughter-in-law of Q.

Here, if O is daughter-in-law of Q the her husband must be P.

The fruit they carry are:-

Step 1:- O takes banana and P takes peaches.

Step 2:- The husband who takes guava, his wife takes apple.

Here, only 2 couple. O already carry banana then apple will be carry by M her husband i.e. Q carry guava.

Step 3:- R does not have raspberry. Hence raspberry is taken by N and R takes watermelon.

Hence, the correct answer is Apple.

The positional value of alphabets are:-

The logic used in this question is:-

Logic:- (Number + 4)(Letter + 4)(Number)²

Hence, the correct answer is 19S361.

Explanation:- Carpenter works on woods to creates product . Similarly, Cobbler work on shoes to make it useable.

Hence, the correct answer is Cobbler : Shoes.

Conclusion I: All the mathematicians invited to the science prize program knew classical probability.✅

Explanation:- Classical probability is basic of mathematics. It is clearly mention in statement that a person have to know classical probability to be a brilliant mathematician.

Hence, the given conclusion is correct.

Conclusion II: The mathematician who did not have knowledge of classical probability was not invited to the award function.✅

Explanation:-  To be a brilliant mathematician a person have knowledge of classical probability. Hence, one  who did not have knowledge of classical probability was not invited to the award function.

Hence, the given conclusion is correct.

Hence, the correct answer is Both I and II follow.

The positional value of alphabets is;-

The logic used in this question is:-

Logic:- (First letter + 2)(Second letter + 2)

Here, we see that in T we added 1 instead of 2 to get U, which does not follow the logic.

Hence, the correct answer is LU.

The positional value of alphabets is:-

Here, ROUTINE is coded as SQVVJPF

Similarly,

Hence, the correct answer is NCSTJCHG.

Cycle and car both are form of vehicles.

So, they come under category of vehicles.

But, cycle and car both are not similar.

Hence, they don't have any intersection.

Thus, the correct venn diagram representation is:-

Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

Given that:-

By observing second row, we get:-

Hence, the correct answer is 7.

The logic used in this question is:-

Laptop : Electronic - Laptop is an electronic device.

Similarly,

A geyser is an electric device.

Hence, the correct answer is Electric.

The figure embedded is shown below:-

Hence, the correct answer is Option 1.

The positional value of alphabets is:-

The logic used in this question is:-

Logic:- (First letter + 1)(Second letter + 2)

option 1:- DEG

D + 1 = E

E + 2 = G

option 2:- MNP

M + 1 = N

N + 2 = P

option 3:- BCD

B + 1 = C

C + 1 = D 

Hence, the correct answer is BCD.

From the above figure we conclude that,

 is opposite to 

 is opposite to 

 is opposite to 

Here, the opposite figure is not adjacent to each other.

Hence, the correct cube is

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

The logic followed in this question is:-

Logic:- Add the digit of the given number to obtain the second number

823 : 13 -

8 + 2 + 3 = 13

Similarly,

9 + 6 + 2 = 17

Hence, the correct answer is 17.

By observing the given figure, we find that:-

1. One point is lie between circle and rectangle.
2. One point is lie only in circle.
3. One point is lie between triangle and circle.

Only option 2 satisfy all three conditions.

Hence, the correct answer is Option2.

The correct answer is 2006.

Key Points

• In 2006 India win its firs gold medal in the Commonwealth Games in the game of Table Tennis .
• Sharath Kamal wins for India its first gold at Commonwealth Games in Table Tennis.
• In Melbourne, he beat crowd favourite Australian William Henzell in the final and created history.
• It has been 14 years when this happened.

Additional Information 

Table Tennis

• Table tennis has a British origin during 1880.
• Table-tennis was first debuted in the Olympics in the year 1988.
• The world’s recognized body for the sport is known as the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF), and it was created in 1926.
• The body has 226 member countries.

The correct answer is Hakra Ware Culture.

Key Points

• Hakra Ware Culture  preceded the Harappan Civilization and was found in Bhirdana.
• This period is characterised by well-plastered subterranean dwelling pits, which were cut into natural soil.
• Ceramic assemblage is represented by the Hakra wares of the Cholistan region of Pakistan.
• All the representative antiquities of this phase found at other sites, including beads of semiprecious stones, terracotta object, copper bangles, bone points and chert blades were also found from here.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Jainism.

Key Points

• Digambara and Svetambara are sub-traditions of  Jainism.

Digambara Sect:

• Monks of the Digambara tradition do not wear clothes as this sect believes in complete nudity.
• Digambaras follow all the five constraints (Ahimsa, Satya, Asteya, Aparigraha and Brahmacharya) as per the teachings of Mahavira.
• Bhadrabahu was an exponent of Digambara sect and he moved to Karnataka along with his disciples after predicting a long famine.

Svetambara Sect:

• Svetambaras follow the preachings of Parshvanatha, i.e. they believe in only four restraints (except Brahmacharya) to be followed to attain Kevalya.
• Svetambaras believe that the 23rd and 24th tirthankara did marry, unlike as thought by Digambara sect.
• Sthulabhadra was a great exponent of this school and stayed in Magadha unlike Bhadrabahu who went to Karnataka.
• The monks of Svetambara School can have simple white clothing.

Additional Information

 Jainism

• ​Jainism is one of the world’s oldest religions, originating in India at least 2,500 years ago.
• The spiritual goal of Jainism is to become liberated from the endless cycle of rebirth and to achieve an all-knowing state called moksha.
• This can be attained by living a nonviolent life, or ahimsa, with as little negative impact on other life forms as possible.
• The traditions of Jainism were largely carried forward by a succession of 24 tirthankaras, or teachers, most notably Vardhamana Mahavira, the last of the tirthankaras and likely a contemporary of Gautama Buddha

The correct answer is Aorta

Key Points

• Aorta  is the largest artery of the human body.
• The aorta is a tube about a foot long and just over an inch in diameter.
• The aorta begins at the top of the left ventricle, the heart's muscular pumping chamber.
• The heart pumps blood from the left ventricle into the aorta through the aortic valve.

Additional Information

The corect answer is Yashwant Sinha's 2000 budget.

Key Points

• Yashwant Sinha's 2000 budget was primarily focused on the I.T sector and promoting India as a major software hub.
• Finance Minister Yashwant Sinha presented this budget on February 29, 2000 with an intention to promote India as a major software development hub.
• The introduction of software export led to an exceptional growth in the Indian IT industry.

Additional Information

 Budget

• Budget is the government’s blueprint on expenditure, taxes it plans to levy, and other transactions which affect the economy and lives of citizens.
• According to Article 112 of the Indian Constitution, the Union Budget of a year is referred to as the Annual Financial Statement (AFS).
• The Budget Division of the Department of Economic Affairs in the Finance Ministry is the nodal body responsible for preparing the Budget.

The correct answer is Sikkim.

Key Points

• Sikkim states is the source of Teesta River located.
• Teesta River originates from the Tso Lhamo Lake at an elevation of about 5280 m in the North Sikkim district.
• It is the right bank major tributary of the Brahmaputra river system.
• The major portion or the greater part of the river basin lies in India and only 17% of it is in Bangladesh.
• The Indian portion of the Teesta basin lies in the mountainous terrain of Sikkim and West Bengal.

Additional Information Sikkim

• On 16 May 1975, the Himalayan Kingdom of Sikkim became the 22nd state of India, ending the monarchy ruling there from the 17th century.
• The Treaty of Tumlong in 1861 made Sikkim a protectorate of the British.
• After India’s independence in 1947, the guarantees of independence that Sikkim had acquired from the British were transferred to the new Indian government.
• The then Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru gave special protectorate status for Sikkim, which was to be a ‘tributary’ of India.

The correct answer is Bhanu Athaiya

Key Points

• Bhanu Athaiya was the first Indian to win an Academy Award.
• Bhanu Athaiya became the first Indian to win an Academy Award in 1983, for designing the costumes for Richard Attenborough's Gandhi.
• It was a first for India.

Additional Information Academy Award

• The Academy Awards, better known as the Oscars, are awards for artistic and technical merit for the American and international film industry.
• The first ceremony debuted in 1929, and it is the oldest of the four annual American entertainment awards.
• The youngest Oscar winner ever was Tatum O'Neal, who won Best Supporting Actress for Paper Moon (1973) at just 10 years old.

The correct answer is Layman.

Key Points

• Layman  are basically love songs that originated in Himachal Pradesh.
• Laman is the regional music of Himachal Pradesh.
• It is famous in kullu valley.
• This song form is highly romantic in nature and symbolizes the emotion of love.
• This is the reason that band has been named laman which is synonymous of love.

Additional Information Himachal Pradesh

• The capital of Himachal Pradesh is Shimla.
• The Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh is Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu and the Governor is Shiv Pratap Shukla.
• Hindi is the official language in Himachal Pradesh.
• The state flower of Himachal Pradesh is Pink Rhododendron; the state animal is snow leopards and the state tree is the Deodar cedar.

The correct answer is Livelihood Sect.

Key Points

• Gosala Maskariputra was the founder of the Livelihood Sect of of the following schools of Indian philosophy.
• Gosala Maskariputra is regarded as the founder of Ajivika sect.
• Unlike the Jains and Buddhists who preached that destiny can be influenced by present deeds (Karma).
• He preached that destiny could not be influenced by Karma.
• Bindusara was a patron of the Ajivikas.
• This was founded in the 5th century BCE.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Pune.

 In News

• PM Modi launch three E-100 ethanol dispensing stations in June 2021 in Pune.
• Prime Minister Narendra Modi virtually addressed the World Environment Day event, which was jointly organised by the Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas and the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.
• During the event, PM Modi also released the “Report of the Expert Committee on Road Map for ethanol blending in India 2020-2025”.
• PM Modi also launched a Pilot Project of E 100 ethanol dispensing stations at three locations in Pune, for the production and distribution of ethanol across the country,.
• The government has reset the target to achieve 20 per cent ethanol blending in petrol by 2025.
• Earlier this target was to be met by 2030.
• As a part of WED 2021, the Government of India has released an E-20 notification, directing Oil Companies to sell ethanol-blended petrol with a percentage of ethanol up to 20% from April 01, 2023; and BIS Specifications for higher ethanol blends E12 & E15.

The correct answer is Kaveri.

Key Points

• Kaveri  has its origin in the Brahmagiri range of the Western Ghats.
• The Kaveri river rises from The Brahmagiri hills.
• The Kaveri River rises on the Brahmagiri Hill of the Western Ghats in southwestern Karnataka state, flows through the states of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu in a southeasterly direction for 765 km, and descends the Eastern Ghats in a series of great falls
• Tributaries
• Left Harangi, Hemavati, Shimsha, Arkavathy
• Right Lakshmana Tirtha, Kabini, Bhavani, Noyyal, Amaravati, Moyar

Additional Information 

The correct answer is Bhagwan Das.

Key Points

• Bhagwan Das was not among the first to be awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1954.
• Bhagwan Das was among the 3 awardee in 1955 for the Bharat Ratna.
• The great Author and an Indian Theosophist was born on 12th January 1869 at Varanasi.
• He was appointed in the Central Legislative Assembly of British India..
• During the Non-co-operation movement he later joined the Indian National Congress.
• He was a founder of a National University named as Kashi Vidya Peeth.

Additional InformationThe Bharat Ratna

• ​The Bharat Ratna is India’s highest civilian award which is conferred to people in recognition of their exceptional service in any field without distinction of race, occupation, position or sex.
• The recommendations are made by the Prime Minister of India to the President.
• On conferment of the award, the recipient receives a Sanad (certificate) signed by the President and a medallion.
• The award does not carry any monetary grant.

The correct answer is  Aga Khan III.

Key Points

• The Simla deputation of 1906 was led by  Aga Khan III.
• The Shimla Deputation took place on 1st October, 1906. Here, Lord Minto met with a deputation of 35 Muslim leaders led by Aga Khan
• The Simla deputation proved a landmark in the history of modern India, because for the very first time the Hindu-Muslim conflict, which stared with the Urdu-Hindi controversy, was lifted to the constitutional plane.
• Lord Minto met with a deputation of 35 Muslim leaders, led by Aga Khan, at Shimla.
• The group made a few demands to the Governor-General to secure Muslim interests.

The correct aanswer is Nagpur.

In News 

• Recently, the Union Minister for Road Transport and Highways inaugurated India's first Liquefied Natural Gas facility plant in  Nagpur.
• Minister for Road Transport and Highways Shri Nitin Gadkari has emphasized on importance of alternate biofuels for diversification of agriculture towards energy and power sector .
• Inaugurating the country’s first Private LNG Facility plant at Nagpur .
• The Minister said  we have designed a policy that encourages development of imports substitute cost effective pollution free and indigenous  ethanol,  bio CNG,LNG and hydrogen fuels.
• He said the ministry is constantly working on different alternative fuels.
• He said we have to use surplus inrice , corn and sugar to prevent it from going waste.

Additional Information Liquefied Natural Gas

• Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to a liquid state (liquefied), at about -260° Fahrenheit, for shipping and storage.
• The volume of natural gas in its liquid state is about 600 times smaller than its volume in its gaseous state in a natural gas pipeline.

The correct answer is Mohiniyattam.

Key Points

• Mohiniyattam  classical dance originated in Kerala.
• Mohiniyattam (Mohiniattam) is a classical dance form of Kerala in South India.
• The origin and popularity of this dance form is closely tagged to the great Tamil dance master Vadivelu, one of the Thanjavur quartets.
• One among the eight Indian classical dance forms.
• Mohiniyattam is a graceful dance to watch and is a solo recital by women.
• The term Mohiniyattam comes from the words mohini meaning a woman who enchants onlookers and aattam meaning graceful and sensuous body movements.
• Thus, the word Mohiniyattam literally means - dance of the enchantress.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Finance Ministry.

Key Points

• The Department of Public Enterprises was brought under Finance Ministry on 9th July 2021.
• The Government of India has decided to bring Department of Public Enterprises (DPE) under the finance ministry.
• DPE was earlier under the Ministry of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises.
• It has been brought under the finance minister in a bid to ease coordination regarding future disinvestment plans.
• The Finance ministry now comprises six departments, after the inclusion of DPE.
• Other five departments are:
• Department of Economic Affairs,
• Department of Expenditure,
• Department of Revenue,
• Department of Investment & Public Asset Management and
• Department of Financial Services.

The correct answer is Shaktikanta Das.

Key Points

• Shaktikanta Das is the current governor of RBI.
• Shri Shaktikanta Das, IAS Retd., former Secretary, Department of Revenue and Department of Economic Affairs, Ministry of Finance, Government of India .
• Assumed charge as the 25th Governor of the Reserve Bank of India effective December 12, 2018.
• Immediately prior to his current assignment, he was acting as Member, 15th Finance Commission and G20 Sherpa of India.

Additional Information 

The correct answer is Microwave.

Key Points

• Microwave  are found on the Magne Ektron Electron ship.
• Microwaves are produced inside the oven by an electron tube called a magnetron.
• The microwaves are reflected within the metal interior of the oven where they are absorbed by food.
• Microwaves cause water molecules in food to vibrate, producing heat that cooks the food.
• That's why foods that are high in water content, like fresh vegetables, can be cooked more quickly than other foods.

The correct answer is Manika Batra

In News 

• The first Indian to receive 'The Breakthrough Star Award' by ITTF (International Table Tennis Federation) in 2018 was Manika Batra.
• Indian star paddler Manika Batra was bestowed with the International Table Tennis Federation's (ITTF) 'Breakthrough Star Award 2018' during a ceremony at Grand Hyatt Hotel in Incheon (South Korea) .
• At the Commonwealth Games in Gold Coastin 2017 , Manika won four medals including the historic women's singles gold, team gold, women's doubles silver (with Mouma Das) and mixed doubles bronze (with G. Sathiyan).
• She had also bagged the bronze in the mixed doubles (with Sharath Kamal) at the 2018 Asian Games, also reaching her career-best ranking of 52 in 2018.

The correct answer is Introduced GST (Goods and Services Tax).

Key Points

• 101st Amendment Act, 2016  Introduced GST (Goods and Services Tax).
• The 101 Constitutional Amendment Act was instrumental in conducting in India's Goods and Services Tax (GST).
• The Goods and Services Tax replaced all the erstwhile indirect taxes that were levied on the manufacture, sale, and consumption of goods and services across the country.
• The fundamental objective of GST was to build a common market with a constant tax rate in India.
• The goods and services tax eradicates the initial taxes for the same transaction as input tax credits.
• It seeks to increase revenue as it brings more taxpayers by growing the tax base.

Additional Information 

Concept Used:

Percentage change = change in value/original value × 100

Calculation:

Votes received by B in 2010 is 14672

and Votes received by B in 2015 is 11548.

Change in votes = 14672 - 11548 = 3124

Percentage decrease of votes = 3124/14672 × 100 ≈ 21.29

Hence, the percentage decrease in votes is 21.30 %.

Shortcut Trick

Given A = B + 11 and 0.4B − 0.3A = 10.

Substitute A: 0.4B − 0.3(B + 11) = 10.

0.4B − 0.3B − 3.3 = 10 ⇒ 0.1B = 13.3.

B = 133 ∴ A = 133 + 11 = 144.

∴ The correct answer is 144.

Alternate Method

Given: 30% of A = 40% of B − 10 and A = B + 11.

Formula: x% of Y = (x × Y) ÷ 100.

Number B = 133 units

Number A = 144 units

Diff = 11 Larger Number (A) = B + 11 = 144

⇒ 30% of A = 0.3A and 40% of B = 0.4B.

⇒ 0.4B − 0.3A = 10.

⇒ Multiply by 10: 4B − 3A = 100.

⇒ Since A − B = 11, we have A = B + 11.

⇒ Substitute A in equation: 4B − 3(B + 11) = 100.

⇒ 4B − 3B − 33 = 100.

⇒ B = 100 + 33 = 133.

⇒ Larger Number A = 133 + 11 = 144.

∴ The correct answer is 144.

Additional Information

Percentage Equations

To solve percentage comparisons, convert percentages to decimals (30% = 0.3) or fractions (30% = 3/10) to simplify linear equations.

Substitution Method

In problems with two variables, express one variable in terms of the other (e.g., A = B + 11) and substitute it into the second equation to solve for one variable at a time.

Percentage Difference

The expression x is y% more than z is written as x = z × (1 + y/100). If x is y% of z, then x = (y × z) ÷ 100.

Concept Used:

Speed = Distance/Time

⇒ Time = Distance/Speed

Calculation:

Let x km/h be the speed of the boat and given 3 km/h is the speed of the stream.

Let the distance travelled be y km.

⇒ Speed of boat in downstream = (x + 3) km/h

⇒ Speed of boat in upstream = (x - 3) km/h

Time taken by boat travelling downstream is 5 hours.

⇒ 5 = y/(x + 3) ⇒ y - 5x = 15 . . .(i)

Time taken by boat travelling upstream is 7 hours.

⇒ 7 = y(x - 3) ⇒ 7x - y = 21 . . .(ii)

adding equations (i) and (ii)

⇒ 2x = 36 ⇒ x = 18

Hence, the speed of the boat is 18 km/h.

Shortcut Trick Concept used:

S_Upstream = U - V

S_Downstream = U + V

Where U = Speed of Boat, V = Speed of Strem

If the distance is constant then,

$Speed\propto {1\over Time}$

⇒ ${S_1 \over S_2} : {T_2 \over T_1}$

Calculation:

⇒ ${S_{Downstram}\over S_{Upstream}}={T_{Upstream}\over T_{Downstream}{}}$

⇒ ${U+3\over{U-3}}= {7\over 5}$

⇒ 7U - 21 = 5U + 15

⇒ 2U = 36

⇒ U = 18

Shortcut Trick

Equating Total Work: 5 Men × 8 days = 4 Women × 12 days ⇒ 40M = 48W ⇒ 5M = 6W.

Efficiency ratio M : W = 6 : 5.

Total Work = 5 × 6 × 8 = 240 units.

Efficiency of (1 Man + 2 Women) = (1 × 6) + (2 × 5) = 16 units/day.

Time taken = 240 ÷ 16 = 15 days.

∴ The correct answer is 15 days.

Alternate Method

Given: 5 Men can do work in 8 days, 4 Women can do work in 12 days.

Time taken by 1 Man = 5 × 8 = 40 days.

Time taken by 1 Woman = 4 × 12 = 48 days.

⇒ Total Work = LCM of 40 and 48 = 240 units.

⇒ Efficiency of 1 Man = 240 ÷ 40 = 6 units/day.

⇒ Efficiency of 1 Woman = 240 ÷ 48 = 5 units/day.

⇒ Efficiency of (1 Man + 2 Women) = 6 + (2 × 5) = 16 units/day.

⇒ Days required = Total Work ÷ Combined Efficiency = 240 ÷ 16 = 15 days.

∴ The correct answer is 15 days.

Additional Information

Work Efficiency Formula

Total Work = Number of Persons × Efficiency × Days. This is often expressed as M₁D₁ = M₂D₂ when work is constant.

Efficiency and Time Relationship

Efficiency is inversely proportional to the time taken to complete a task. If efficiency ratio is x:y, time ratio is y:x.

Man-Days Concept

A Man-Day is the amount of work one man can do in one day. Total work in Man-Days = Total Men × Total Days.

Formula Used:

A = P(1 + R)ⁿ

Where A is the amount after compounding, R is the rate, n is the period and P is the principle amount.

Calculation:

Given: P = Rs. 950

Time = 4 years( for first case)

Let R be the rate at which compound interest is credited.

⇒ Amount doubles in 4 year

⇒ 2P = P(1 + R)⁴

⇒ 2 = (1 + R)⁴ . . .(i)

Now, for 12 years,

A = P(1 + R)¹²

⇒ A = 950((1 + R)⁴)³

A = 950 × 2³ = 950 × 8 = 7600

Hence, the amount after 12 years is Rs. 7600.

Formula Used:

Area of square = (side)²

and the Area of an equilateral triangle is $=\frac{\sqrt3}{4}(side)^2$

Calculation:

Let the side of the square be x units and the side of the equilateral triangle be y units.

Given: Area of square  = $\frac{4}{\sqrt3}$× Area of equilateral triangle

⇒ x² = $\frac{4}{\sqrt3}$×  $\frac{\sqrt3}{4}y^2$

⇒ x² = y²

Since sides of geometric objects can't be negative.

⇒ x = y

Hence, the ratio of the sides of a square and equilateral triangle is 1:1.

Shortcut Trick

A + B = 45 years

B : A = 5 : 4

A' present age = 4/9 × 45 = 20 years

B's present age = 5/9 × 45 = 25 years

Now,

Sum of Age B and C (5 years ago) = 2 × 25 = 50

B + C (present age) = 50 + 5 + 5 = 60

C's present age = 60 - 25 = 35 yeras

Now,

D (6 years later) : C (present) = 6 : 5

D's age ( 6 year later) = 6/5 × 35 = 42 years

So, D's present age = 42 - 6 = 36 years

Thus,

A (present age) : D (present age) = 20 : 36 = 5 : 9

∴ The correct answer is option (1).

Alternate Method

Concept Used:

If A can complete a work in x days

one day of work is 1/x parts of the total work(unitary principle)

Calculation:

Let the present age of A, B, C, and D be x years, y years, z years, and w years respectively.

⇒ x + y = 45 . . .(i)

The present age of B is 25% more than the age of A.

⇒ y = x + 25% of x ⇒ 100y = 125x . . .(ii)

By solving (i) and (ii), we get

x = 20  and y = 25

The average of B's age and C's age 5 years ago is 25.

⇒ (y - 5 + z - 5)/2 = 25

⇒ y + z = 60 

⇒ z = 60 - 25 = 35

6 years from now D's age will be 20% more than C's present age

⇒ w + 6 = z + 20% of z

⇒ w + 6 = 6z/5 

⇒ w + 6 = 6 × 7 ⇒  w = 42 - 6 = 36

x : w = 20/ 36 = 5 : 9

Hence, the ratio of the present age of A and D is 5:9.

Solution:

Let the maximum marks for both exams be x.

qualifying marks for the first exam is 40% i.e., 0.4x or 2x/5

qualifying marks for the second exam is 30% i.e., 0.3x or 3x/10

ATQ: 132 = 3x/10 -15 

⇒ 1320 = 3x -150

⇒ 3x = 1320 + 150 = 1470

⇒ x = 490

⇒ Qualifying marks for first exam is = 2x/5 = (2 × 490)/5

⇒ 196 

Hence, the qualifying mark for the first exam is 196.

Shortcut Trick

Find the LCM of 12, 18, 24, and 27 which is 216.

Prime factorization of 216 = 2³ × 3³ = (2² × 2) × (3² × 3).

To make it a perfect square, we need to complete the pairs by multiplying by (2 × 3) = 6.

Smallest perfect square = 216 × 6 = 1296.

∴ The correct answer is 1296.

Alternate Method

Given: Numbers are 12, 18, 24, and 27.

Formula Used: LCM × Missing Factors = Smallest Perfect Square.

⇒ Prime factors of 12 = 2² × 3

⇒ Prime factors of 18 = 2 × 3²

⇒ Prime factors of 24 = 2³ × 3

⇒ Prime factors of 27 = 3³

⇒ LCM = 2³ × 3³ = 8 × 27 = 216

⇒ To be a perfect square, each prime factor must have an even exponent.

⇒ Smallest multiple of 216 that is a square = 216 × 2¹ × 3¹

⇒ Required Number = 216 × 6 = 1296

∴ The correct answer is 1296.

Additional Information

Least Common Multiple (LCM)

The smallest number that is a multiple of two or more numbers. It is found by taking the highest power of each prime factor present in the numbers.

Perfect Square Property

For a number to be a perfect square, all the prime factors in its prime factorization must have even exponents (e.g., 2², 3⁴, 5⁶).

Finding Square from LCM

If LCM = a^p × b^q, then the smallest perfect square multiple is a^p+x × b^q+y where (p+x) and (q+y) are the smallest even integers ≥ p and q.

Solution:

since we have to find the approximate value of a variable, So lets approximate all the values for easy calculation.

$2015.76 \approx 2016,575.98 \approx 576$

$119.87 \approx 120 \text { and } 24.96 \approx 25$

$⇒ 2016-\sqrt{576}=120 \times 25 \% \text { of } x^2$

$⇒ 2016-24=120 \times \frac{1}{4} \times x^2$

$⇒ 1992=30 \times x^2$

$⇒ x^2=\frac{1992}{30} \approx 66$

$\because 8^2=64 \text { in closest to our answer }$

⇒ x = 8

Formula Used:

A = P(1 + R)n

Where A is the amount after compounding, R is the rate, n is the period and P is the principle amount.

CI = A - P

Calculation:

Rate = 10% per annum but compounded half yearly

So the rate for 6 month period  = 5%

A = 8000(1+5%)1

⇒ A = 8000(105/100)

⇒ 8000 × 21/20

⇒ 400 × 21 = 8400

CI = 8400 - 8000 = 400

Hence, compound interest at the end of six months is Rs. 400.

Shortcut Trick

Total sum of the three numbers = Average × 3 = 14 × 3 = 42

Ratio of the numbers = 1 : 4 : 2

Total ratio parts = 1 + 4 + 2 = 7 parts

The largest number corresponds to the largest ratio part (4).

Largest number = (4 ÷ 7) × 42 = 24

∴ The correct answer is 24.

Alternate Method

Given:

Ratio of the three numbers = 1 : 4 : 2

Average of the three numbers = 14

Formula Used:

Sum of observations = Average × Number of observations

1x

4x (Largest)

2x

Total Sum = 14 × 3 = 42 (7 parts)

Calculations:

⇒ Let the three numbers be 1x, 4x, and 2x respectively.

⇒ Sum of the numbers = 1x + 4x + 2x = 7x

⇒ Average = Sum ÷ Total Numbers = 7x ÷ 3

⇒ 7x ÷ 3 = 14

⇒ 7x = 14 × 3 = 42

⇒ x = 42 ÷ 7

⇒ x = 6

⇒ The largest number is 4x.

⇒ Largest number = 4 × 6 = 24

∴ The correct answer is 24.

Additional Information

Properties of Averages

If every observation in a dataset is multiplied or divided by a constant value 'k', the new average of the dataset is also multiplied or divided by 'k' respectively.

Ratio and Proportion

A ratio compares values, telling us how much of one thing there is compared to another. To find the actual values from a given ratio, always multiply each individual part by a common variable (such as x) and equate their sum to the total value.

Combined Average

When two separate groups with averages A₁ and A₂ having sizes N₁ and N₂ are mixed together, the formula for Combined Average = (N₁A₁ + N₂A₂) ÷ (N₁ + N₂).

Solution:

Let the sum of the present age of 3 members be x years and daughter's age be y years.

Four years ago, sum of their age x - 4 × 3 = x - 12

Average four years ago is 14.

⇒ (x - 12)/3 =14

⇒ x - 12 = 42

⇒ x = 54

After the birth of Raju's daughter average remains the same.

⇒ (x + y)/4 = 14

⇒ x + y = 56 ⇒ y = 2

Hence, the age of Raju's daughter is 2 years.

Shortcut Trick

Total Work = LCM of 12, 16, 24 = 48 units.

Efficiency of Sanju = 48 ÷ 12 = 4 units/day.

Efficiency of Suraj = 48 ÷ 16 = 3 units/day.

Efficiency of Sanjay = 48 ÷ 24 = 2 units/day.

Combined Efficiency = 4 + 3 + 2 = 9 units/day.

Time taken = 48 ÷ 9 = 16/3 days.

∴ The correct answer is 16/3 days.

Alternate Method

Given:

Time taken by Sanju = 12 days

Time taken by Suraj = 16 days

Time taken by Sanjay = 24 days

Formula Used:

Total Work = Efficiency × Time

Combined Time = Total Work ÷ (Sum of individual efficiencies)

Calculations:

⇒ Total efficiency of Sanju, Suraj, and Sanjay = 4 + 3 + 2 = 9 units/day

⇒ Time taken by all three together = Total Work ÷ Total Efficiency

⇒ Time = 48 ÷ 9

⇒ Time = 16/3 days

∴ The correct answer is 16/3 days.

Additional Information

Work and Efficiency Relationship

Efficiency is inversely proportional to the time taken to complete a work. If A can do a work in x days, A's 1 day's work = 1/x.

Combined Work Formula

For three people with individual times a, b, and c, the combined time T is given by 1/T = 1/a + 1/b + 1/c.

Work and Wages

Wages are always distributed in the ratio of the work done or in the ratio of efficiencies if they work for the same amount of time.

Calculation:

We can compare Selling Price to get the answer.

First Scenario: When mark-up was 40 %.

 ⇒ 140 % of 6000 

 ⇒ 8400

Second Scenario: When mark-up of 80 % and then a discount of 20 %. He will sell the watch for 80% of the marked up value.

 ⇒ 80 %  of 180 % of  6000 

 ⇒ 8640

In the second scenario, he is earning Rs. 240 more.

So, we can say that he would have earned Rs. 240 less, had he not gotten greedy.

Concept Used:

Area of circle = πr² and area of rectangle = l × b

where r is the radius of circle and l and b are the length and breadth of the rectangle.

Calculation:

Let the breadth of rectangle be 2x and radius of circle be 7x.

Given: ratio of the area of ​​a circle to the area of ​​a rectangle is 77 ∶ 18.

⇒  $\frac{πr^2 }{l × b} = \frac{77}{18}$

⇒  $\frac{22 × (7x)^2 }{7×36 ×2x} = \frac{77}{18}$

⇒  $\frac{11 × 49x^2 }{7×18 ×2x} = \frac{77}{18}$

⇒  $\frac{ 49x }{2} =49$

⇒ x = 2

Diameter  = 2 × radius = 2×7× 2 = 28

Breadth = 2 × 2 = 4

Thus, product of breadth and diameter is 28 × 4 = 112 cm2

Solution:

Number of employee started service in company D in year 2016 and 2019 is 136 and 124 respectively.

Total = 136 + 124 = 260

Number of employee started service in company A in year 2017 and 2020 is 125 and 83 respectively.

Total = 125 + 83 = 208

The required ratio is 260/208 = (13×2×2×5)/(13×2×2×2×2)

Hence, the required ratio is 5:4.

Solution:

Number of students in University 1 in the year 2017 is 20,000.

Number of students in University 2 in the year 2019 is 20,000.

Hence, the difference between both the university is 0.

Shortcut Trick

Since the overall transaction results in 0% profit/loss, the profit amount equals the loss amount.

⇒ 20% of CP₁ = 17.5% of CP₂

⇒ Ratio of CP₁ : CP₂ = 17.5 : 20 = 7 : 8

⇒ CP₁ = (7 ÷ 15) × 1500 = Rs. 700 & CP₂ = (8 ÷ 15) × 1500 = Rs. 800

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 700, Rs. 800.

Alternate Method

Given:

Total Cost Price of two chairs = Rs. 1500

Profit on first chair = 20%

Loss on second chair = 17.5%

Net profit or loss = 0%

Formula Used:

When an overall transaction yields neither profit nor loss, the absolute profit earned on one item is exactly equal to the loss incurred on the other item.

Calculations:

⇒ Let the CP of the first chair be x and the second chair be y.

⇒ x + y = 1500

⇒ 20% of x = 17.5% of y

⇒ x ÷ y = 17.5 ÷ 20 = 175 ÷ 200

⇒ x ÷ y = 7 ÷ 8

⇒ Ratio of CP of first chair to second chair = 7 : 8

⇒ Total ratio parts = 7 + 8 = 15

⇒ 15 parts = 1500 ⇒ 1 part = 100

⇒ CP of first chair = 7 × 100 = Rs. 700

⇒ CP of second chair = 8 × 100 = Rs. 800

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 700, Rs. 800.

Additional Information

No Profit No Loss Condition

When a transaction results in no profit and no loss overall, the absolute profit earned on one item is exactly equal to the absolute loss on the other item.

Alligation Cross Method

Used for finding the ratio of base values (like Cost Price) when individual percentages and overall average percentage are given. CP Ratio = (Net % − Loss %) : (Profit % − Net %).

Base of Profit and Loss

Both profit percentage and loss percentage are always calculated on the Cost Price (CP) unless specifically stated otherwise. Profit = SP − CP and Loss = CP − SP.

Concept Used:

Train travelling in the same direction with speed x and y kmph:

Relative speed is (x - y) kmph (x > y)

Train travelling in the opposite direction with speed x and y kmph:

Relative speed is (x+ y) kmph

To convert kmph into meters per second we multiply that by 5/18.

Calculation:

Relative speed = (48-30) kmph = 18 kmph

⇒ 18 × 5/18 = 5 m/sec

s we know D = Speed × Time 

∴ Length of faster train = 5 × 15 = 75 m

The correct answer is 'credence'.

Key Points

• The word "credence" means belief in or acceptance of something as true. (विश्वास)
• The systemic abuse of the program makes the claims about the oil-ministry list more believable and suggests they should be investigated.
• The other options: "dissidence," "providence," and "imprudence" do not fit the context as appropriately.

​Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 3'.

Complete Sentence: The record of systemic abuse of the program lends credence to claims that the oil-ministry list is genuine and should be investigated.

Additional Information

• Dissidence (असहमति): means protest against official policy.
• Providence (दैवीय कृपा): means divine guidance or care.
• Imprudence (अविवेक): means a lack of caution in practical affairs.

The correct answer is "QPRS."

Key Points

• In the question, the starting line states that something happened after the shank was displaced.
• "Shank" means a long, thin, straight part of particular objects, especially one that connects the end of a device or tool that you hold to the end of it that moves or does something.
• The movement of the shank is explained in the part Q of the given question i.e. the shank was driven into the bolster.
• "Bolster" means a long pillow (= cloth bag filled with material), usually shaped like a tube.
• But after the defined movement the bolster then was placed into something i.e. the die.
• Thus, part Q will be followed by part P and part R respectively.
• The die mentioned in part R squeezed something which is mentioned in part S i.e. the rings.
• Thus, part R will be followed by part S.
• From the above explanation, it is clear that the correct sequence will be QPRS.

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is "deference."

Key Points

• Let us understand the meaning of the following words:
• "Coherence" means the situation when the parts of something fit together in a natural or reasonable way. (सामंजस्य)
• Example: There was no coherence between the first and the second half of the movie.
• "Inherence" means  in a way that exists as a natural or basic part of something. (अंतर्निहितता)
• Example: Rule is the inherence and necessary relationship of development and changes of things.
• "Adherence" means the fact of someone behaving exactly according to rules, beliefs, etc.  (अनुपालन)
• Example: He was noted for his strict adherence to the rules.
• "Deference" means respect shown for another person esp. because of that person’s experience, knowledge, age, or power Or affected or ingratiating regard for another's wishes. (विनम्रता, श्रद्धा)
• Example: He treats her with such deference.
• In the given sentence, the correct word to use in the blank will improvise the regard given to the aristocracy and hierarchy of the feudal world by the subject.
• Thus, form the above explanation, it is clear that the correct word to use is "deference."

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

The correct answer is "No correction required."

Key Points

• The given sentence is in Simple present tense.
• We use the simple present tense when an action is happening right now, or when it happens regularly (or unceasingly, which is why it’s sometimes called present indefinite).
• Depending on the subject, the simple present tense is formed by using the root form or by adding –s or –es to the end.
• In the simple present, most regular verbs use the root form, except in the third-person singular (which ends in –s).
• In the above given sentence, the subject is "the side effects" which is plural in form.
• Thus, we cannot use -s or -es at the end of the verb.
• Thus, the correct sentence will be: The possible side effects of these, when used externally on the skin, include bruising and thinning of the skin.

Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

The correct answer is "inscrutable."

Key Points

• Among the words given in the options:
• The words in option 1, option 2 and option 4 are spelled incorrectly and are nowhere found in the English vocabulary.
• However, the word mentioned in option 3 i.e. "inscrutable" is spelt correctly.
• "Inscrutable" means (used about a person or their expression) not showing any emotions and therefore difficult to understand or know.
• Synonyms: Enigmatic, unreadable, impenetrable.
• Example: His inscrutable face cannot disguise the sense of expectation.
• From the above explanation, it is clear that the word "inscrutable" is spelt correctly.

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

The correct answer is "incipid."

Key Points

• Among the given options, the word "incipid" is nowhere found in the English vocabulary or we can say that there is some spelling error in it.
• The correct spelling would be "Insipid."
• "Insipid" means something having too little taste, flavor or color.
• Synonyms: Tasteless, unflavored, weak.
• Example: It tasted indescribably bland and insipid, like warmed cardboard.
• From the above explanation, it is clear that the word in option 4 is incorrectly spelled.

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

Additional Information

• Let us understand the meaning of the other given words:
• "Aberrant" means departing from an accepted standard.
• "Appease" means to make somebody calmer or less angry by agreeing to what he/she wants.
• "Arbitrary" means not seeming to be based on any reason or plan and sometimes seeming unfair.

The correct answer is "Illogical."

Key Points 

• Let us understand the meaning of the given and the marked words:
• "Untenable" means something not able to be supported or defended against criticism, or no longer able to continue.
• Synonyms: Unsupportable, flawed, unsound.
• Example: The position of the players’ union has become untenable.
• "Illogical" means something not reasonable, wise or practical.
• Synonyms: Absurd, senseless, unreasonable.
• Example: It is of course fundamentally illogical to base the decision to treat on a yet to be known outcome.
• From the above explanation, it is clear that the word "illogical" is the synonym of the word "untenable."

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

Additional Information 

• Let us understand the meaning of the other given words:
• "Asinine" means something/someone extremely stupid.
• "Congruent" means similar to or in agreement with something, so that the two things can both exist or can be combined without problems.
• "Relevant" means something connected with what is happening or being discussed.

The correct answer is "rare."

Key Points

• Let us understand the meaning of the given and the marked words:
• "Ubiquitous" means seeming to be everywhere or in several places at the same time; very common.
• Synonyms: Omnipresent, everywhere, pervasive.
• Example: The company's logo has become ubiquitous all over the world.
• "Rare" means something not common or frequent; very unusual.
• Synonyms: Scarce, sparse, limited.
• Example: You have a rare ability among our kind.
• From the above explanation, it is clear that the word "rare" is the antonym of the word "ubiquitous."

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

Additional Information

• Let us understand the meaning of the other given words:
• "Pervasive" means something that is present in all parts of something.
• Example: The influence of social media is pervasive in today's society, affecting many aspects of our daily lives.
  
• "Omnipresent" means something present everywhere at the same time.
• Example: In many religions, God is seen as omnipresent, existing everywhere at once.
  
• "Universal" means connected with, done by or affecting everyone in the world or everyone in a particular group.
• Example: The desire for peace and happiness seems to be a universal human trait.
  

The correct answer is "affect in one country based on."

Key Points

• In the given sentence, the error is in the part "affect in one country based on."
• The use of the word "affect" is incorrect.
• The correct word to use in place of "affect" is "effect."
• Let us understand the meaning and difference between the two:
• Affect is  a verb, and it means to impact or change.
• Effect is usually a noun, an effect is the result of a change.
• In the given sentence, a noun is needed and not a verb.
• The correct sentence: Such controls can take effect in one country based on the law of another country

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is "Later today I head of."

Key Points

• In the given sentence, the use of the preposition "of" is superfluous.
• In the given sentence, the subject is explaining that he will head to the airport for his flight back to Europe.
• The phrase "to head to" (or "to head towards") means to go in the direction of, to go towards.
• Example: to head to the swimming pool means to go towards the swimming pool.
• Thus, the correct sentence will be: Later today I head to the airport for the tedious flight back to Europe.

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is "no correction required."

Key Points

• The given sentence is without any error.
• The use of the possessive noun "its" is correct and among the options "it's" is incorrect.
• Let us understand the difference between the two:
• "its" (without an apostrophe) is a possessive pronoun, like his or her, for nouns that don’t have a defined gender. In contrast, "it’s" (with an apostrophe) is the shortened form, or contraction, of it is or it has.
• In the given sentence, the word "its" will act as a possessive pronoun for the noun "the hair."

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

The correct answer is "Drey."

Key Points

• Let us first understand the meaning of the given words:
• "Carney" means a person who works in a carnival or funfair.
• Example: A carney overlooks the safety of the carnival rides.
• "Ochre" means a pale-brownish-yellow color.
• Example: The bright areas are reddish-ochre in color, and the dark areas appear dark gray.
• "Drey" means the nest of a tree squirrel, flying squirrel, or ringtail possum. Dreys are usually built of twigs, dry leaves, and grass and are typically assembled in the forks of a tall tree.
• Example: In North America, dreys begin as a collection of small, gnawed-off branches bearing green leaves.
• "Surrey" means a small carriage (= vehicle) with four wheels and a roof, and seats facing forward, pulled by a horse or horses.
• Example: He wanted to buy an antique horse-drawn surrey.
• Thus, it can be concluded that the word "drey" explains the given expression in the best manner.

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

The correct answer is "When an attempt fails and it's time to start all over."

Key Points

• Idiom means an expression that cannot be understood from the meanings of its separate words but must be learned as a whole.
• Example: Under the weather is an idiom which means slightly unwell or in low spirits.
• “I don't feel like hanging out today. I'm feeling a bit under the weather.”
• Now, the given idiom "Back to the drawing board" means back to the beginning of a process to start it again, because it is not working.
• Example: We have to go back to the drawing board and ask ourselves what our priorities are.
• From the above explanation, it is clear that option 1 describes the correct meaning of the given idiom.

Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

The correct answer is "When everyone is facing the same challenges."

Key Points

• Idiom means an expression that cannot be understood from the meanings of its separate words but must be learned as a whole.
• Example: Under the weather is an idiom which means slightly unwell or in low spirits.
• “I don't feel like hanging out today. I'm feeling a bit under the weather.”
• Now, the given idiom "All in the same boat" means to be in the same unpleasant situation as other people.
• Example: She's always complaining that she doesn't have enough money, but we're all in the same boat.
• From the above explanation, it is clear that option 1 describes the correct meaning of the given idiom.

Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

The correct answer is "Epigraph."

Key Points

• "Epigraph" means a short phrase or sentence, etc. on a building or statue, or as an introduction to a book or a part of it.
• Example: One of the explorer's quotes was used as an epigraph on the school building named after him.
• Notes: Epigraph comes from the Greek roots epi- ("on") and graphein ("write"), a root you'll recognize from autograph, graphite, graphic novel, and lots of other familiar words that have to do with writing or drawing.
• From the above meaning one word for the expression "Inscriptions on a building, statue, or coin" is Epigraph.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 2".

Additional Information

• Let us first understand the meaning of the following:
• "Serigraph" means a printed design produced by means of a silk screen.
• Example: A lucky individual had inherited a classic Warhol Marilyn Monroe serigraph.
• "Polygraph" means a piece of electronic equipment used to try to discover if someone is telling lies.
• Example: They hooked him up to the polygraph and began the test.
• "Monograph" means a detailed written study of a single specialized subject or an aspect of it.
• Example: The acclaimed psychologist wrote his most famous monograph on the art of manipulation.

The correct answer is "Religious Education."

Key Points

• Refer to the following line from the passage:
• Line 3 of paragraph 1: In addition, they must also be taught Physical Education, Religious Education and Sex Education, although they do not take exams in these subjects.
• ​From the above information, it is clear that the students do not need to take a test for "Religious Education" but it is included in the curriculum and must be taught.

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is "16."

Key Points

• Refer to the following lines from the passage:
• Line 2 of paragraph 1:  Between the ages of 14 and 16, pupils study for their GCSE (General Certificate of Secondary Education) exams.
• Line 3 of paragraph 1:  At the age of 16, pupils can leave school.
• ​From the above mentioned information, it can be deducted that the students can finish the school at the age of 16.

Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

The correct answer is "To set education parameters and measures mandatory for everyone."

Key Points

• Refer to the following lines from the passage:
• Line 1 of paragraph 1: In 1988, for the first time in British history, a National Curriculum was introduced. The National Curriculum tells pupils which subjects they have to study, what they must learn and when they have to take assessment tests.
• ​From the highlighted part in the above mentioned line it can be concluded that the National Curriculum was introduced to set various parameters to be followed by every pupil.
• It explains which subjects are to be learnt by the pupil and which subjects are mandatory.
• Introducing GCSE is a part of the introduction but it was not the sole reason.

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is "All the subjects included in the National Curriculum require a exam and assessment to pass."

Key Points

• Refer to the following lines from the passage:
• Line 2 of paragraph 2: To go to university, pupils usually need two or three A levels.
• Thus, option 1 is true as per the passage.
• Line 1 of paragraph 1: The National Curriculum tells pupils which subjects they have to study, what they must learn and when they have to take assessment tests.
• ​Thus, it can be inferred that the all the subjects do not require an assessment to pass.
• Thus, option 2 is incorrect.
• ​Line 2 of paragraph 1: Between the ages of 14 and 16, pupils study for their GCSE (General Certificate of Secondary Education) exams. Pupils must take English Language, Maths and Science for GCSE.
• ​Thus, option 3 and 4 are correct according to the passage.
• ​​We are required to select the option that is incorrect according to the passage.

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is "Current Affairs."

Key Points

• Refer to the following line from the passage:
• Line 2 of paragraph 2:  Pupils taking A levels study traditional subjects, such as French, Physics or History.
• ​From the highlighted part in the above mentioned line, it is clear that "current affairs" is not an A level subject as per the passage.
• We are required to select the subject which is not A level.

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

जुग जुग जिओ मे वाक्य के भेद का सबसे अच्छा विकल्प इच्छावाचक है।

प्राचीन प्राचीर शब्द युग्म के लिए सही अर्थ का विकल्प पुराना, दीवार होगा।

• प्राचीन के अन्य अर्थ  - पूर्वकालीन, पुराना, भूतकालीन, आदिम, कदीम आदि है।
• प्राचीर के अन्य अर्थ  -  चहारदीवारी, परकोटा, चारदीवारी, दीवार आदि है।

Key Points अन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण -

Additional Informationशब्द युग्म:- प्रत्येक भाषा में कई ऐसे शब्द होते है, जिनके उच्चारण में या ध्वनियों में अत्यधिक कम अन्तर होता है, किन्तु वह अन्तर उनके अर्थों को परिवर्तित कर देता है।

ऐसे शब्दों को शब्द-युग्म कहते हैं, अतः उच्चारण और लेखन के समय इस ओर अवश्य ध्यान देना चाहिए।

अब गाड़ी चलने लगी है वाक्य के लिए पक्ष के भेद का सबसे अच्छा विकल्प आरंभद्योतक होगा। 

• अब गाड़ी चलने लगी है से प्रतीत हो रहा है की गाड़ी अभी ही आरंभ हुई है।
• जिस पक्ष में क्रिया के आरंभ होने की स्थिति का बोध होता है, उसे आरंभद्योतक पक्ष कहते है।
• आरंभद्योतक पक्ष के अन्य उदाहरण -
• अब वर्षा होने लगी है।
• अब राम पड़ने लगा है।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण -

Additional Information क्रिया पक्ष:-** प्रत्येक कार्य-व्यापार किसी काल अवधि के बीच होता है जो प्रारंभ से अंत तक फैला होता है, इस फैली हुई काल अवधि में कार्य-व्यापार को देखना पक्ष कहलाता है।**

अढाई दिन की बादशाहत मुहावरे का सही अर्थ वाला विकल्प थोड़े दिन की शान शौकत होगा।

• वाक्य प्रयोग :- खेती बेचकर श्याम अढाई दिन की बादशाहत दिखा रहा है।

Key Points अन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण -

Additional Informationमुहावरा :-  ऐसे वाक्यांश, जो सामान्य अर्थ का बोध न कराकर किसी विलक्षण अर्थ की प्रतीति कराये, मुहावरा कहलाता है।

खग ही जाने खग की भाषा  लोकोक्ति का सही अर्थ वाला विकल्प साथी ही साथी का स्वभाव जानता है होगा।

• वाक्य प्रयोग:- मैं जब भी परेशान होता हूँ मेरा दोस्त विकास पता नहीं कैसे समझ लेता है।
• सच बात है कि ‘खग जाने खग ही की भाषा’

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण -

Additional Information लोकोक्ति:- 

• लोकोक्ति शब्द दो शब्दों से मिलकर बना हैं – लोक + उक्ति = लोकोक्ति
• अर्थात् ऐसी उक्ति जो किसी क्षेत्र विशेष में किसी विशेष अर्थ की ओर संकेत करती हैं लोकोक्ति कहलाती हैं। लोकोक्तियों को कहावत, सुक्ति आदि नामों से जाना जाता है।

तेज वर्षा हो रही है मे वाक्य का भेद सरल वाक्य होगा।

• ऐसे वाक्य जिसमे एक क्रिया और एक ही कर्ता होता है, उसे सरल वाक्य या साधारण वाक्य कहते हैं।

Key Points अन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण -

Additional Information

• रचना के आधार पर वाक्य तीन प्रकार के होते है - सरल, संयुक्त तथा मिश्रित।
• अर्थ के आधार पर वाक्य आठ प्रकार के होते है - विधानवाचक वाक्य, निषेधात्मक वाक्य, प्रश्नवाचकवाक्य, विस्मयादिबोधक वाक्य, आज्ञा वाचक, इच्छावाचक, संदेह वाचक, संकेत वाचक वाक्य।
• संकेत वाचक वाक्य:- जिन वाक्यों से एक क्रिया दूसरी क्रिया पर निर्भर होने का बोध हो उन्हें संकेत या हेतुवाचक वाक्य कहते हैं। इनसे कारण और शर्त आदि का बोध होता है।
• उदाहरण :- वर्षा होती तो फसल अच्छी होती।

इति + आदि मे सही संधि विच्छेद का सही विकल्प इत्यादि होगा।

• इत्यादि शब्द में यण् संधि है।
• इत्यादि का शुद्ध संधि विच्छेद है = इति + आदि।
• यण् संधि करते समय इ, ई के साथ कोई अन्य स्वर हो तो ‘ य ‘ बन जाता है, जब उ, ऊ के साथ कोई अन्य स्वर हो तो ‘ व् ‘ बन जाता है , जब ऋ के साथ कोई अन्य स्वर हो तो ‘ र ‘ बन जाता है।

Key Pointsसंधि:- संधि का अर्थ होता है मेल या फिर मिलना। जब हम डो शब्दों को मिलाते हैं तो पहले शब्द की अंतिम ध्वनी एवं दुसरे शब्द कि पहली ध्वनी मिलकर जो परिवर्तन लाती है, उसे ही संधि कहते हैं।

संधि तीन प्रकार की होती है -