Environmental Studies PYQs

Synchronous communication refers to real-time interactions where both the sender and receiver are actively engaged simultaneously.

 Key Point

• In the context of teaching EVS, the methods that involve direct interaction and immediate response are most appropriate.
• Video conferencing allows face-to-face interaction, online chat sessions enable instant messaging, and phone calls provide direct communication.
• These methods facilitate immediate feedback, clarification of doubts, and dynamic discussions, making them suitable for synchronous teaching of EVS.

Thus, it is concluded that Video conferencing, online chat sessions, phone calls is the correct answer.

Key Points

• The completion that matches the pattern is "Agriculture farm." Just as railways are a resource utilized for travel, agriculture farms are a community resource utilized for producing food.
• Farmers work on agriculture farms to cultivate crops and produce the food that the community consumes.
• The term "Agriculture farm" is linked to the theme of food, and it represents a community resource utilized for the production of food items that the community consumes.

​Thus, it is concluded that Agriculture farm is the correct answer.

In the context of teaching EVS, probing is an effective method to foster deeper understanding and promote meaningful classroom discussions.

Key Points

• Probing involves asking questions or making statements that encourage students to provide detailed and elaborative responses.
• A teacher's probing question stimulates students to think deeper, consider different aspects, and provide more comprehensive answers.
• This technique promotes critical thinking, active engagement, and discussion among students.

Thus, it is concluded that While teaching EVS, a teacher's statement/question, which encourages students to elaborate on an answer either on their own or from the response of their peers, is probing.

Hint

• Conditioning refers to the process of learning through associations and reinforcement.
• Chaining usually refers to linking a sequence of steps or actions to achieve a specific outcome.
• Trial and error is a problem-solving approach where various attempts are made to find a solution through experimentation.

Key Points

• The title "Family : Relationships, Gender Roles, Occupations, as socio-cultural entity in changing times" provides a comprehensive overview of the content and scope of the unit plan.
• It indicates that the unit plan will cover various aspects of the family theme, including relationships, gender roles, and occupations, while also emphasizing the family's role as a socio-cultural entity in the context of changing times.
• While the other options touch on specific aspects of the theme, option 4 appears to encompass a broader range of topics that might be explored within the unit plan, making it a more suitable title.

Thus, it is concluded that option 4 is the correct answer.

Key Points

• Encourage the students to write their own poems and stories: Using stories and poems can inspire creativity in students. By exposing them to different literary forms, students are more likely to feel motivated to create their own stories and poems. This promotes their language skills and imaginative thinking.
• Make the students aware of diversity in language and culture: Stories and poems often incorporate cultural and linguistic elements. When students encounter stories and poems from various backgrounds, they become more aware of diversity and different ways of expressing ideas.
• Make the lessons more interactive, enjoyable, and interesting: Stories and poems are engaging and can capture students' attention. They make lessons more interactive by involving students in discussions and interpretations. The use of these literary forms can enhance the overall learning experience, making it enjoyable and interesting.
• Thus, the most appropriate logic for Ms. Sheetal using stories and poems in primary classes to explain various concepts of EVS is B, C and D.

Hint​ Option A (complete the EVS syllabus as well as students have heard them before coming to school) is not the primary reason for using stories and poems. While it's true that students might have heard some stories before, the primary benefit of using stories and poems is to enhance learning, engagement, and creativity.

Key Points

• The primary goal of EVS education at the primary level (classes I to V) is to connect students' learning experiences in the classroom to their real-life experiences and the environment around them.
• EVS aims to make learning relevant and meaningful by encouraging students to explore and understand the world they live in.
• By linking classroom learning to life outside the school, students gain a better understanding of the concepts, issues, and interactions related to their surroundings.

Thus, it is concluded that option 4 is the correct answer.

Key Points

• The phenomenon described involves a change in the density of the water when salt is added.
• Conduct and observe the experiment with different amounts of salt: By varying the amount of salt, students can observe how it affects the floating behavior of the egg.
• This approach promotes hands-on learning, critical thinking, and a deeper understanding of the concept of density and buoyancy.

Thus, it is concluded that Conduct and observe the experiment with different amounts of salt is the correct answer.

Key Points

• Learning of EVS needs to be oriented to process skills relating to observation, identification, classification, etc. This assertion is true because Environmental Studies (EVS) focuses not only on imparting factual knowledge but also on developing skills such as observation, identification, classification, critical thinking, and analysis. These skills are essential for understanding and interacting with the environment effectively.
• Through acquiring various process skills, the learning outcomes of EVS learning are expected to be achieved. This reason is the correct explanation of Assertion (A). The acquisition of process skills is directly related to achieving the learning outcomes of EVS. These skills enable students to explore, analyze, and make sense of the world around them, which aligns with the goals of EVS education.

Thus, it is concluded that Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Key Points

• When preparing a question paper for summative assessment in Environmental Studies (EVS), it is essential to ensure that the content covered in the assessment aligns with the learning objectives of the subject.
• The question paper should effectively evaluate students' understanding of the concepts, topics, and skills that were taught during the course.

Thus, it is concluded that option 2 is the correct answer.

Learning outcomes in Environmental Studies (EVS) refer to the specific skills, knowledge, attitudes, and values that students are expected to acquire by the end of a lesson, unit, or course.

• These outcomes guide educators in designing instruction and assessments to ensure that students are developing a holistic understanding of their environment and their role within it.

Key PointsLearning outcomes in EVS for students of class III:-

• Voices opinion on good and bad touch: This learning outcome relates to personal safety and awareness, which is an important aspect of a child's development.
• Observes rules in few local, indoor, outdoor games: This learning outcome focuses on observing and understanding rules in various game contexts, which contributes to physical and social development.
• Identifies directions of classroom: This is an appropriate learning outcome, helping students develop spatial awareness and navigation skills.

Hint

• Voices opinion on issues observed/experienced and relates to social practices such as discrimination in ownership of resources: This outcome is more complex and advanced, typically addressed in higher classes. It involves understanding and discussing socio-economic issues, which is beyond the cognitive level expected of Class III students.

Thus, it is concluded that 'Voices opinion on issues Observed/experienced and relates to social practices such as discrimination in ownership of resources' is not a learning outcome in EVS for students of Class III.

When selecting textbooks for Environmental Studies (EVS) for students of classes III to V, it's crucial to prioritize the educational quality, inclusivity, and appropriateness of the content.

 Key PointsWhile all the criteria mentioned have their merits, option 4 stands out as the most appropriate for several reasons:

• Child-Oriented: EVS textbooks should be designed with the students' needs, interests, and cognitive development in mind. The content should resonate with their experiences and encourage active engagement.
• Inclusivity: Textbooks should be free from any biases, stereotypes, or derogatory attitudes based on gender, caste, class, and religion. Inclusive content ensures that all students feel respected and represented.
• Educational Quality: While colorful pictures and simple language (options 1 and 2) are important, the primary goal of an EVS textbook is to effectively convey knowledge and foster understanding of environmental and social concepts.
• Appealing and Illustrated: While these are important aspects, they shouldn't compromise the educational content and appropriateness of the material.

Thus, it is concluded that option 4 is the correct answer.

Key Points

• At the primary level EVS has themes instead of topics. This assertion is true because Environmental Studies (EVS) at the primary level typically follows a thematic approach rather than organizing content into traditional subjects or topics. Themes allow for a more holistic exploration of concepts related to the environment, society, and personal development.
• Theme-based EVS learning is easy for teachers and students as compared to topics. This reason is the correct explanation of Assertion (A). Theme-based learning in EVS simplifies the teaching and learning process because it allows for a more integrated and connected understanding of concepts. Instead of compartmentalizing information into separate subjects, themes enable students to grasp the interconnectedness of various aspects of their environment and daily life.

Thus, it is concluded that Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Hands-on activities are an effective way to engage students, promote experiential learning, and enhance understanding of concepts in Environmental Studies (EVS). 

Key Points

• Map reading from a globe: While map reading is valuable, it may not necessarily involve hands-on interaction or manipulation of materials.
• Collecting coins of different countries: Coin collecting is a hobby but might not directly align with the experiential and concept-based learning typically associated with EVS.
• Developing an EVS kit from available material: This option involves active engagement in creating a learning kit, which could include relevant objects, samples, or resources related to environmental concepts. This hands-on activity encourages students to explore, select, and organize materials, promoting a deeper understanding of EVS topics.
• Drawing parts of different plants on a chart: Drawing is a creative activity, but it might not involve as much hands-on interaction and exploration of materials as option 3.

Thus, it is concluded that Developing an EVS kit from available material is the most appropriate activity.

Formative assessment refers to a range of approaches used by teachers to assess students' comprehension, learning needs, and academic progress during a lesson, unit, or throughout the course.

Key Points

• Assessment for learning - It is the process of finding and understanding the evidence for learners and teachers to utilize in determining where children are in their learning process, where they need to go, and how to get there. This is also known as formative assessment.
• Assessment as learning- It is the use of an activity or a task that helps children to use assessment to improve their own learning. It helps children to reflect on their own learning and make adjustments so that they achieve a deeper understanding of the concepts.

Hence, we conclude that formative assessment for EVS is both, assessment for learning and assessment as learning.

Hint 

Assessment of learning- It occurs when the teacher uses evidence of students' learning for making judgments on their achievement against goals and standards. It is also known as a summative assessment.

Field trips are educational excursions or outings that take students outside of the classroom and into real-world environments to enhance their learning experiences.

Key Points

• Field trips are an effective pedagogical strategy in EVS. This assertion is true because field trips provide students with real-world experiences, hands-on learning opportunities, and the chance to observe and interact with their environment outside of the classroom. Field trips can enhance understanding, critical thinking, and engagement in Environmental Studies (EVS).
• Field trips promote memorization of objects, events, and places. This reason is not true. Field trips can enhance learning by providing real-world experiences, their primary goal is not necessarily memorization. Field trips are more about experiential learning, understanding concepts in context, and fostering a deeper connection with the subject matter.

Thus, it is concluded that (A) is true, but (R) is false.

The correct answer is North-East, South-East.

 Key PointsThe four cardinal directions are the directions north, east, south, and west, commonly denoted by their initials N, E, S, and W.

• East and west are perpendiculars (at right angles) to north and south.

• East is in the clockwise direction of rotation from north and west is directly opposite east.

• The ordinal directions are northeast (NE), southeast (SE), southwest (SW), and northwest (NW).

• NE, SE, SW, and NW lie in between the cardinal directions north and east, south and east, south and west, and north and west respectively.

• The direction of Uttar Pradesh with respect to Gujrat is North-East.

• The direction of Andhra Pradesh with respect to Gujrat is South-East.

The correct answer is Muscular energy.

Key Points

• Muscular energy refers to the energy produced by muscles when they contract and exert force.
• It is a type of mechanical energy that enables movement and physical activity.
• Muscular energy is derived from the breakdown of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is the primary energy source for muscle contractions.
• This energy is generated through various metabolic processes within muscle cells, such as glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation.
• Muscular energy is essential for activities ranging from simple tasks like walking and lifting objects to more intense physical activities like running and weightlifting.
• Regular exercise and proper nutrition are important for maintaining and optimizing muscular energy levels.

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Additional Information

​Light Energy:- 

• Light energy refers to the electromagnetic radiation that is visible to the human eye.
• It is a form of energy that travels in waves and can be perceived as different colors depending on its wavelength.
• Light energy is produced by sources such as the sun, light bulbs, and other artificial light sources.

​Chemical Energy:-

• ​Chemical energy refers to the potential energy stored in the bonds of molecules and atoms.
• It is a form of energy that is released or absorbed during chemical reactions.
• Chemical energy is found in various substances, including food, fuels, and batteries.
• When chemical reactions occur, the bonds between atoms are broken and new bonds are formed, resulting in the release or absorption of energy.
• For example, when gasoline is burned, the chemical energy stored in the hydrocarbon molecules is converted into thermal energy and released as heat and light.

​Sound Energy:-

• Sound energy refers to the energy produced by vibrating objects that propagate through a medium as sound waves.
• ​ It is a form of mechanical energy that can be perceived by the human ear as sound.
• Sound energy is generated when an object or substance vibrates, causing the particles in the surrounding medium (such as air, water, or solids) to also vibrate.
• These vibrations create pressure waves that travel through the medium, carrying energy with them.
• When these waves reach our ears, they cause the eardrums to vibrate, which our brain then interprets as sound.

The correct answer is Heat and Light Energy.

Key Points

• Heat and light energy are two forms of energy that are closely related and often occur together.
• They both involve the transfer of energy through electromagnetic radiation, but they differ in terms of their effects and how they are perceived.
• Heat energy, also known as thermal energy, refers to the energy associated with the motion of particles within a substance.
• It is transferred from a hotter object to a colder object through conduction, convection, or radiation.
• Light energy, on the other hand, refers to the energy carried by electromagnetic waves that are visible to the human eye.
• It is a form of radiant energy that can be emitted, reflected, or transmitted by various sources, such as the sun, light bulbs, or flames.
• Light energy is responsible for allowing us to see and perceive our surroundings.

The correct answer is Bora Rice.

Key Points

• Bora rice is a type of rice that is grown in the Bora region of Assam, India.
• It is known for its aromatic fragrance and distinctive flavor.
• Bora rice is typically used to make traditional Assamese dishes such as pitha, pulao, and kumol saul.
• It is also a popular choice for making desserts like payasam.
• Bora rice is often considered a premium variety of rice due to its unique taste and quality.

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Additional Information

​Arborio Rice:- 

• Arborio rice is a type of short-grain rice that is primarily grown in the Piedmont region of Italy.
• It is known for its high starch content and creamy texture when cooked, making it ideal for risotto.
• Arborio rice is widely available and popularly used in many recipes that call for a creamy and velvety texture.

Bomba Rice:-

• Bomba rice, also known as arroz bomba, is a type of short-grain rice that is primarily grown in the Valencia region of Spain.
• It is considered to be one of the best rice varieties for making paella, a traditional Spanish dish.
• Bomba rice is known for its ability to absorb large amounts of liquid while maintaining its texture and not becoming mushy.

Ponni Rice:-

• Ponni rice is a variety of rice that is primarily grown in the Tamil Nadu region of India.
• It is a medium-grain rice known for its distinct aroma and flavor. Ponni rice is popular in South Indian cuisine and is commonly used to make dishes like biryani, pulao, and idli.
• It has a soft and fluffy texture when cooked and is known for its ability to absorb flavors well.
• Ponni rice is also considered to be a healthier option as it is low in fat and cholesterol. It is widely available and is a staple in many South Indian households.

The correct answer is October to December.

Key Points

• A honey bee is a flying insect.
• It is well known for its ability to produce honey by collecting nectar from flowers.
• Hence the name honey bee.
• Explanation:

About Honey bees:

• Honeybees are attracted to flowers.
• Honey bees live in a beehive, which is commonly used to describe the nest of any bee colony.
• Honeybees lay their eggs from October to December.
• Honey bees like to feed on sugar syrup.
• Every bee colony consists of three types of bees:
• Queen Bee: 
• Every beehive has one Queen Bee that lays eggs.
• Male Bee: 
• There are only a few males in the hive.
• The male bees have no special role as workers.
• Worker Bee: 
• Most of the bees in the hive are worker-bees.
• These bees work all day.
• They make the hive and also look after the baby bees.
• They fly around flowers in search of nectar.
• The worker bees are very important for the hive.
• Without worker-bees, there would be neither hive nor any nectar collection.
• When one bee finds flowers with nectar, it does a special kind of dance by which the other bees can know where the nectar is.
• Honey bees play a very important role in the pollination of flowers like the Litchi, coffee, and cocoa flower.
• Therefore, the best time to start bee-keeping is October to December.

Additional Information 

About Beekeeping:

• Beekeeping is the maintenance of bee colonies, commonly in man-made hives, by humans.
• A beekeeper keeps bees in order to collect their honey and other products that the hive produces.
• The purpose of beekeeping includes products like beeswax, honey, bee pollen, and royal jelly.
• Beekeeping is also done for pollination of crops, or to produce bees for sale to other beekeepers.
• A location where bees are kept is called an apiary or "bee yard".
• An apiarist is a fancy word for a beekeeper.