SSC Steno 2021 Official Paper (Held on: 11 Nov 2021 Shift 1 (Previous Year Paper)

According to the English alphabets and their positional values: 

The pattern followed in the given codes is:

  Alphabets with double digits positional values are the sum of both numbers.

  Alphabets with single-digit positional values are coded as it is.

Similarly,

Hence the correct answer is option 4)

According to the English alphabets and their positional values: 

The pattern followed in the given codes is:

  First and third alphabets are interchanged & fourth and sixth alphabets are interchanged.

Similarly,

Hence the correct answer is option 4)

From the given information, we draw a tree using symbols:

"He is my sister's son's father's wife's only sister's son."

Sarika's sister's son's father's wife's only sister is Sarita herself, so Sarika is that boy's mother.

Hence the correct answer is option 4)

According to the English alphabets and their positional values: 

The pattern followed in the given codes is:

• The words are arranged in descending order.

Given:

PRIEST : TSRPIE

P(16)  R(18)  I(9)  E(5)  S(19)  T(20) : T(20)  S(19)  R(18)  P(16)  I(9)  E(5) (Desending order)

Similarly,

UMPIRE : ?

U(21)  M(13)  P(16)  I(9)  R(18)  E(5) : U(21)  R(18)  P(16)  M(13)  I(9)  E(5) (Desending order)

Hence the correct answer is option (3)

From the given information:

G = E < D < R and E = Y > K > Q

We consider each option:

Option 1) Y < R

Since E < R and E = Y then Y< R. It is correct.

Option 2) R > Q

Since R > E & E = Y which means R > Y, 

Now  Y > Q  and R > Y then R > Q. It is correct.

Option 3) G < Q

We have G = E and E = Y so G = Y, 

Now Y > Q then G > Q. It is incorrect.

Option 4) G < R

Since G = E and E < R then G < R. It is correct.

Hence the correct answer is option 3)

According to the English alphabets and their positional values: 

The pattern followed in the given codes is:

The consonants are increased to 1 positional value.

The vowels are decreased to 1 positional value.

Similarly,

Hence the correct answer is option (4)

We compare each option with the given figure:

Option 1) 

The pattern is embedded.

Option 2) 

The pattern is not completely embedded.

Option 3) 

The pattern is embedded.

Option 4) 

The pattern is embedded.

Hence the correct answer is option 2)

The logical and meaningful order of the given words is:

2. Plantation
3. Harvesting
4. Food Processing
5. Packaging
6. Superstore

The order shows the process of any food material from the basic step i.e. plantation to the end step i.e. Superstore

Hence the correct answer is option 3)

According to the English alphabets and their positional values: 

The pattern followed in the given codes is:

 Alphabets are decreased to the positional value according to the place in the word.

Hence the correct answer is option 2)

The pattern followed in the given table is:

 First term × Second term × 4 = Third term

Now we apply the pattern to the given rows:

Row 1:

 8 × 7 × 4 = 224 

 224 = 224 

Row 2:

 11 × 13 × 4 = 572 

 572 = 572 

Row 3:

 12 × 15 × 4 =?

 720 = Answer

Hence the correct answer is option 2)

From the given information:

• Rectangle stands for 'students'
• Triangle stands for 'sportspersons'
• Circle stands for 'hostellers'

​Now we have to find out the number of students who are both hostellers and sportspersons which means we have to find out a common region between triangle, rectangle and circle:

And the number assigned to that region is 10.

Hence the correct answer is option 1)

According to the English alphabets and their positional values: 

The pattern followed in the given codes is:

  The alphabets are increased to 5 positional values.

Hence the correct answer is option 3)

Given: 16 January 2015 was Friday.

The same date occurs on the next day of the week every year. So if we want to calculate in back date we have to count backward:

• 16 January 2015 was Friday.
• 16 January 2014 was Thursday.
• 16 January 2013 was Wednesday.
• 16 January 2012 was Monday (It is a leap year with 2 odd days so it will not be Tuesday).
• 16 January 2011 was Sunday.
• 16 January 2010 was Saturday.

Hence the correct answer is option 4.

The pattern followed in the given series is:

Fourth term - First term = Two digit number (digit 1 = second term & digit 2 = third term)

We apply the pattern to the given series:

1) (15, 1, 7, 32)

 32 - 15 = 17 i.e. 1,7

2) (20, 2, 7, 47)

 47 - 20 = 27 i.e. 2,7

3) (13, 3, 7, 50)

 50 - 13 = 37 i.e. 3,7

4) (7, 4, ?, 48)

 48 - 7 = 41 i.e. 4,1 

So, ? = 1.

Hence the correct answer is option 1)

From the given statements, the Venn diagram will be:

Some plants are flowers.

Some flowers are fruits.

All flowers are gardens.

Now we consider the given conclusions:

I. Some gardens are plants: We have "all flowers are gardens" and "some plants are flowers" so we can say that gardens and plants are related and some gardens are plants and thus the conclusion follows.

II. Some fruits are gardens: We have "all flowers are gardens" and "some flowers are fruits" which clearly suggests that some fruits are gardens and therefore the conclusion follows.

III. Some gardens are flowers: From the given information we know that all flowers are gardens which can be also phrased as some gardens are flowers, we can see this in the diagram and thus the conclusion follows.

Since all the conclusions follow.

Hence the correct answer is option 3)

The correct mirror image when the mirror is placed at MN is shown as below:

Hence, 'option 2' is the correct answer.

From the information given:

Step 1:  A and C have an equal numbers of persons between them from both the ends. A is to the immediate left of E.

Since there are only 6 people A & C will have 2 people between them from either side. 

Step 2: B is to the immediate right of F.

We have to place B to immediate right of F and we require two spots which are available on the left of C.

Step 3: D is second to the left of F.

Now we place D at the only spot left.

We can see in the diagram that B sits in between A and F.

Hence the correct answer is option 4)

From the given information we draw a tree using the symbols:

Abhishek is Avritti’s husband. Anvi and Ankur are twins. Rubi is Avritti’s husband's sister. Ankur is Abhishek’s son. Richa is Rubi’s daughter.

From the diagram, we can see that Richa is a cousin of Avni.

Hence the correct answer is option 2)

The pattern followed in the options is:

   The word is reversed.

Option 1)

Option 2)

Option 3)

Option 4) 

We can see that option 3 is the odd one.

Hence the correct answer is option 3)

The pattern followed in the given series is:

  The difference of differences between the terms is 2.

Hence the correct answer is option 4)

According to the English alphabet and their positional values:

The pattern followed in the given series is:

  The first three alphabets are increased to 3 positional values.

  The last three alphabets are decreased to 3 positional values.

Hence the correct answer is option 3)

We substitute the value from the given options and solve the equation using BODMAS rule:

Option 1) 14 and 2; × and +

2 + 8 × 64 ÷ 32 – 14 = 88

2 + 8 × 2 – 14 = 88

2 + 16 – 14 = 88

18 - 14 = 88

4 ≠ 88

Option 2) 8 and 32; × and +

14 + 32 × 64 ÷ 8 – 2 = 88

14 + 32 × 8 – 2 = 88

14 + 256 – 2 = 88

270 – 2 = 88

268 ≠ 88

Option 3) 32 and 64; + and ÷

14 × 8 ÷ 32 + 64 – 2 = 88

14 × 0.25 + 64 – 2 = 88

3.5 + 64 – 2 = 88

67.5 – 2 = 88

65.5 ≠ 88

Option 4) 8 and 2; – and ÷ 

14 × 2 + 64 - 32 ÷ 8 = 88

14 × 2 + 64 - 4 = 88

28 + 64 - 4 = 88

92 - 4 = 88

88 = 88

Hence the correct answer is option 4)

The logic followed here is:

In the morning sun rises in the East and so any shadow falls towards the West.

Now Preet's shadow falls to the left of Dhvani.

Hence, Dhvani is facing North.

The pattern followed in the given codes is:

  The vowels are coded as next vowel in the order A,E,I,O,U.

  The consonants are increased to 1 positional value.

  The consonants when increased if land on a vowel then it is increased by 1 again i.e. +2.

Similarly,

Hence the correct answer is option 1)

From the given information:

Step 1: Udai walks 25 m towards the west, and then he turns left and walks 55 m.

Step 2: Then, he takes a right turn and walks 45 m. Then, he turns right again and walks 70 m.

Now we have to find out the direction and distance he should walk now to reach 15 m north of the starting point,

          Total distance from end point = 25 + 45 = 70 m

From the figure it is clear that he should walk 70 m towards east.

Hence the correct answer is option 3)

Logic : The image is rotating in clockwise direction

The pattern followed here is:

Hence, 'option 1' is the correct answer.

The pattern followed in the given series is: 

Number × 2 : (Number)²

Now we apply the pattern:

12 : 36 :: 18 : ?

6 × 2 : 62

12 : 36 

18 : 81 :: 18 : ?

9 × 2 : 92

18 : 81 

Hence the correct answer is option 2)

We substitute the values from each option and solve the equation using BODMAS rule:

Option 1) ×, +, ÷, –, =

30 × 3 + 16 ÷ 4 - 24 = 70

30 × 3 + 4 - 24 = 70

90 + 4 - 24 = 70

94 - 24 = 70

70 = 70

Option 2) +, ×, –, ÷, =

30 + 3 × 16 - 4 ÷ 24 = 70

30 + 3 × 16 - 0.1 = 70

30 + 48 - 0.1 = 70

78 - 0.1 = 70

77.9 ≠ 70

Option 3) ×, ÷, +, –, =

30 × 3 ÷ 16 + 4 - 24 = 70

30 × 0.1 + 4 - 24 = 70

3 + 4 - 24 = 70

7 - 24 = 70

-17 ≠ 70

Option 4) ÷, ×, –, +, =

30 ÷ 3 × 16 - 4 + 24 = 70

10 × 16 - 4 + 24 = 70

160 - 4 + 24 = 70

184 - 4 = 70

184 ≠ 70

Hence the correct answer is option 1)

The logical and meaningful order of the given words is:

2. Measurement
3. Stitching
4. Designer dress
5. Wearing

This is the arrangement according to the process of making a dress from the basic step i.e. measuring to end step i.e. wearing. 

So the order will be 2, 4, 3, 1.

Hence the correct answer is option 1)

From the given statements, we draw a Venn diagram:

All teachers are engineers.

All clerks are teachers.

Now we consider the given conclusions:

I. Some engineers are clerks: From the statements we have that all clerks are teachers and all teachers are engineers which means all clerks are engineer so it is obvious that some engineers are clerks and therefore the conclusion follows.

II. Some teachers are clerks: From the information, all clerks are teachers we can undoubtedly conclude that some teachers are clerks and the same can be seen in the diagram and thus the conclusion follows.

III. Some clerks are not engineers: Here all the clerks are teachers and all the teachers are engineers which means all the clerks are engineers and from the diagram it is clearly visible that clerks falls into the region of engineers so the conclusion does not follow.

So only conclusion I and II follow.

Hence the correct answer is option 4)

According to the given information Venn diagram is given below.

All daughters are females,

But no male is a daughter or a female.

Venn diagram 3^rd depicts the best solution between males, females and daughters.

Hence, 'option 3' is the correct answer.

According to the English alphabets and their positional values:

The pattern followed in the given options is:

Option 1)

Option 2)

Option 3)

Option 4) 

So, PJF is the odd one.

Hence the correct answer is option 4)

We consider each option and apply the given conditions to check whether it s correct or not:

Option 1) 9 

 9 + (9)² + (9)³ = 584

 9 + 81 + 729 = 584

 819 ≠ 584

Option 2) 8 

 8 + (8)2 + (8)3 = 584

 8 + 64 + 512 = 584

 584 = 584

Option 3) 7 

 7 + (7)2 + (7)3 = 584

 7 + 49 + 343 = 584

 399 ≠ 584

Option 4) 6 

 6 + (6)2 + (6)3 = 584

 6 + 36  + 216 = 584

 258 ≠ 584

Hence the correct answer is option 2)

The pattern followed in the given series is:

  The difference between the terms is 13.

Hence the correct answer is option 3)

The pattern followed in the given series is:

  The difference between the terms is in ascending order.

Hence the correct answer is option 4)

We consider each option and divide it as per the conditions to check if it is correct or not:

Option 1) 2920 - Kripal 

                2920 ÷ 2 = 1460 - Rajesh

                1460 ÷ 2 = 730 - Vivek 

Now we add all three, 2920 + 1460 + 730 = 5110. This option is correct.

Hence the correct answer is option 1)

The pattern followed in the given table is:

  First term × Second term + (Second term)² = Third term

Now we apply the pattern on each column:

Column 1) 18 × 7 + (7)² = 175

                 126 + 49 = 175

                 175 = 175   

Column 2) 21 × 15 + (15)2 = 540

                 315 + 225 = 540

                 540 = 540

Column 3) 12 × 11 + (11)2 = ?

                 132 + 121 = ?

                 253 = Answer

Hence the correct answer is option 3)

The pattern followed in the given table is: 

 (First term + 1)² + (Second term + 1)2  = Third term

Now we apply the pattern on the given rows:

Row 1)  (5 +1)² + (7 + 1)² = 100

             (6)2 + (8)2 = 100

             36 + 64 = 100

             100 = 100 

Row 2)  (8 +1)2 + (9 + 1)2 = 181

             (9)2 + (10)2 = 181

             81 + 100 = 181

             181 = 181 

Row 3)  (11 +1)2 + (10 + 1)2 = ?

             (12)2 + (11)2 = ?

             144 + 121 = ?

             265 = Answer 

Hence the correct answer is option 3)

From the given statements the Venn diagram is:

All classrooms are schools.

No school is a park.

All houses are parks.

Now we consider the given conclusions:

I. No house is a classroom: We are given that all houses are parks and no school is a park which means no school is a house and since all classrooms are schools we can say that no classroom is a house and thus the conclusion follows.

II. No park is a classroom: From the statements, all classrooms are schools and no school is a park which indicates no classroom is a park and vice versa therefore the conclusion follows. 

III. No school is a house: Since no school is a park and all houses are parks so it is safe to conclude that no school is a house and thus the conclusion follows.

So all the conclusions follow.

Hence the correct answer is option 2)

The pattern followed here is as follows:

⇒ 

is moving in clockwise direction by one place.

⇒ 

is moving from left to right in the series and then following the reverse order.

⇒ 

is moving left to right in the series.

Thus, the figure series is:

Hence, 'option 1' is the correct answer.

From the given information:

‘A # B’ means ‘A is the husband of B’.

‘A @ B’ means ‘A is the daughter of B’.

‘A & B’ means ‘A is the sister of B’.

We substitute the values in the given equation:

P is the sister of Q, Q is the daughter of D, D is the husband of K, K is the daughter of S, S is the husband of T.

Now we draw a tree using the symbols:

Now we consider the given options:

Option 1) D is the daughter-in-law of T - False (D is the son- in-low of T)

Option 2) P is the daughter of K - True

Option 3) S is the maternal grandfather of Q - True

Option 4) T is the mother of K - True

Hence the correct answer is option 1)

From the given information:

‘A’ denotes ‘addition’

‘B’ denotes ‘multiplication‘

‘C’ denotes ‘subtraction’

‘D’ denotes ‘division’

Now we substitute the values in the given equation and solve using BODMAS rule:

55 + 5 × (7 + 4) - 75 ÷ (25 ÷ 5) = ?

55 + 5 × 11 - 75 ÷ 5 = ?

55 + 5 × 11 - 15  = ?

55 + 55 - 15  = ?

110 - 15 = ?

95 = Answer

Hence the correct answer is option 4)

The pattern followed in the given series is:

  (Number)², Number×2, and so on with increasing numbers after each loop.

Hence the correct answer is option 2)

From the information given:

Step 1: T is older than P, Q is younger than T.

            T > P          Q < T 

Step 2: S is older than R, and P is older than S but younger than Q.

            Q > P > S > R 

Merging the Step 1 and 2 We get  T > Q > P > S > R 

From the order we can see that T is the oldest.

Hence the correct answer is option 3)

The correct order according to the English dictionary is:

1. Place
2. Plaque
3. Plaster
4. Player
5. Plough

So the word at third place is Plaster.

Hence the correct answer is option 1)

From the given information, we compare the codes:

By comparing we find out the codes assigned to the words, the only word left in line 3 is 'and' & the only code left is '7'.

So it is clear that and is coded as 7.

Hence the correct answer is option 4)

From the given information:

Step 1: K is between M and N. P is third to the left of K.

We place K in between M and N & place them together such that we have a spot free to third left of K for P.

W could have placed them such that N comes at the corner but in the next step we have to place O to the right of M which will require that spot.

Step 2: O is third to the right of M. M is to the immediate right of L.

From the arrangement, we can see that O and P are sitting at the corners.

Hence the correct answer is option 4)

From the given information, we draw a table:

We are given that A travels to Jaipur.

Also, C, D, and E do not travel to Mumbai which means B travels to Mumbai.

Now, neither D nor E travels to Chennai which gives us that C travels to Chennai.

Since D doe not travels to Delhi, E is left with Delhi and similarly, D is left with Kolkata.

Hence the correct answer is option 2)

The paper when unfolded looks like:

Hence, 'option 3' is the correct answer.

From the given information:

Step 1:Suyash starts walking from his office and walks 40 m towards the south. From there, he turns right and walks 35 m.

Step 2: Then he turns right again and walks 70 m. Finally, he turns right one more time and walks 75 m to reach his home.

Now we calculate the distance from home to office:

Here we apply the formula: Hypotenuse = √(Base)² + (Perpendicular)² 

Hypotenuse = √(30)2 + (40)2

Hypotenuse = √900 + 1600

Hypotenuse = √2500 

Hypotenuse = 50

Hence the correct answer is option 3)

The correct answer is Serbia.

Key Points

• Novak Djokovic is a Serbian professional tennis player.
• He is presently ranked world No. 7 in singles by the union of Tennis Professionals.
• Djokovic is the only male player to win 3 consecutive Australian Open trophies through the Open Era, which he has done twice (2011–13 and 2019–21).
• Djokovic is the second of only two male players in the past to win a Grand Slam singles trophy nine or more times, the other being Nadal (14 French Opens).

Additional Information

• Gilles Simon is a French professional tennis player.
• Dominic Thiem is an Austrian professional tennis player who has reached multiple Grand Slam finals and is presently considered one of the best clay-court players on the ATP Tour.
• Rafael Nadal is considered as the most significant Spanish player of all time.​

The correct answer is ​Maharashtra.

Key Points

• Union Cabinet has given in concept acceptance to set up a new crucial port at Vadhavan near Dahanu in Maharashtra.
• The full cost of the project is probably to be above Rs 65,000 crore.
• The port is to be made on 5000 acres of land reclaimed from the sea near the town of Dahanu, Palghar district.
• Vadhavan, Maharashtra, will be the site of India's 13^th port.

Additional Information 

• Paradip Port is the only crucial Port in the State of Odisha located 210 nautical miles south of Kolkata and 260 nautical miles north of Visakhapatnam on the east coast on the beach of Bay of Bengal.​
• Kandla is the important port of Gujarat.
• Visakhapatnam Port is one of 13 crucial ports in India and the only crucial port of Andhra Pradesh.

The correct answer is ​street vendors.

Key Points

• Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs started a scheme PM Street Vendor's Atma Nirbhar Nidhi to empower Street Vendors.
• By not only extending loans to them but also for their holistic development and economic improvement.
• Through the scheme, budget collateral-free loans are provided to street vendors.
• 'PM SVANidhi' scheme was started on 1 June 2020.

Additional Information

• Small scale industry loan is an unsecured form of credit that you can take from a lender to fulfil many business objectives.
• Agriculture Loan can be availed by individual farmers busy in agriculture that cover Poultry, Fishery, Dairy, Animal Husbandry, etc.
• Migrant labour, informal and untrained workers who move about completely from one region to another offering their services on a temporary, generally seasonal, basis.

​

The correct answer  is P Chidambaram  . 

Key Points 

• P Chidambaram   is the author of the book  'Speaking Truth to Power: My Alternative View' .
• P Chidambaram is an   Indian politician and former lawyer   , who currently   works as a Rajya Sabha member.
• He  served as the Chairman of the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Home Affairs from 2017 to 2018  .
• Chidambaram  has been the Union Finance Minister four times.

Additional Information  

• Arun Shourie  is an Indian economist, journalist, author and politician.
• Yashwant  Sinha  is an Indian administrator and politician.
• Mani Shankar Aiyar  is an Indian politician and former career civil servant ambassador.

The correct answer is Biogas.

Key Points

• The anaerobic digestion procedure makes gas composed of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2), known as biogas.
• These gases are manufactured from organic wastes like livestock manure, food processing waste, etc.
• Biogas is an energy-rich gas manufactured by anaerobic decomposition or thermochemical conversion of biomass.
• Biogas is composed mainly of methane (CH4), the same compound in natural gas, and carbon dioxide (CO2).

Additional Information

• CNG is manufactured by compressing natural gas to less than 1% of its volume at standard atmospheric pressure.
• Natural gas, also famous as methane gas, is colourless very flammable gaseous hydrocarbon consisting primarily of methane and ethane.
• liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), also known as LP gas, any of some liquid combinations of the volatile hydrocarbons propene, propane, butene, and butane. ​

The correct answer is Maharashtra.

Key Points

• As per the provisional outcomes of the 2011 national census, Maharashtra is the second most populous state in India with a population of 112,374,333 of which males and females are 58,243,056 and 54,131,277 respectively.
• With a growing rate of 9.42%, Maharashtra is the second most populous state of India.
• Maharashtra is one of India's biggest commercial and industrial centres, which has led to its being known as the gateway of India.

Additional Information

• According to details from Census 2011, Madhya Pradesh has a population of 7.27 Crores.
• According to details from Census 2011, Rajasthan has population of 6.86 Crores.
• Total population of West Bengal according to 2011 census is 91,276,115 of which male and female are 46,809,027 and 44,467,088 appropriately. ​

The correct answer is Choudhry Rehmat Ali.

Key Points

• On 28 January 1933, Choudhry Rehmat Ali express his ideas on 'Pakistan'.
• He is credited with producing the name "Pakistan" for a separate Muslim homeland in South Asia and is normally famous as the originator of the Pakistan Movement.
• Pakistan is the 138^th wealthiest country in the world.
• Rahmat Ali and three Cambridge colleagues invented the name as an acronym for Punjab, Afghania , Kashmir, and Indus-Sind, combined with the -stan suffix from Baluchistan.

Additional Information

• Mohammed Ali Jinnah was the originator and first governor-general (1947–48) of Pakistan. ​
• Maulana Azad supported the Khilafat Movement.
• Muhammad Umar was originator of Fiqh, or Islamic jurisprudence.

The correct answer is Shweta Rawat.

Key Points

• Dr Shweta Rawat from the Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences (DIPAS), DRDO was recently consulted with the ‘National Award for Young Women Showing brilliance through Application of Technology for Societal Benefits’ by the President of India Ramnath Kovind.
• Dr Shweta has made a female-specific Full Body protector.
• Scientist Dr Shweta Rawat, who guide the designing team, said anthropometric data were used to design the gears which make sure the defence of vital organs of women.
• “The gear is anti-stab, anti-acid.

Additional Information

• Dr. Ritu Karidhal Srivastava is an Indian scientist working with the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).
• Gagandeep Kang FRS is an Indian Microbiologist and virologist.
• ​Muthayya Vanitha is an Indian electronics system engineer who has guided projects on satellites at the Indian Space Research Organization.

The correct answer is Vikas Krishan.

Key Points

• Vikas Krishan upstaged Kazakhstan's Ablaikhan Zhussupov to get to the final of the welterweight class at the Asian boxing Olympic qualifiers in Amman, Jordan.
• This was as well India's first win after heavyweights Amit Panghal and Lovlina Borgohain bowed out earlier in the day.
• Indian boxer Vikas Krishan, who take part in the 69kg weight division at Tokyo 2020, will be moving up to the 80kg class for the Paris 2024 Olympics.

Additional Information

• Amit Panghal is an Indian Army Junior Commissioned Officer and an amateur boxer.​
• Ashish Kumar is an Indian amateur boxer who competes within the middleweight category.
• Manish Kaushik is an Indian boxer who completes in the lightweight division.

The correct answer is Imphal.

Key Points

• Japan gifted Manipur (Imphal) a museum of peace built on the memories of one of the fiercest battles of the Second World War.
• Hiroshima Peace Monument is a monument park in the middle of Hiroshima, Japan.
• It is committed to the heritage of Hiroshima as the first city in the world to suffer a nuclear attack at the end of World War II, and to the remembrance of the bomb's direct and indirect victims.

Additional Information

• World War II, a conflict that involved virtually every part of the world throughout the years 1939–45.
• Over the next six years, the dispute would take more lives and demolish more land and property all over the globe than any previous war.
• The Second World War began as the three crucial expansionist "Axis" powers—Fascist Italy, Nazi Germany, and Imperial Japan—wanted to conquer other countries and build empires. ​

The correct answer is Capacitor.

Key Points

• Capacitors have numerous important applications.
• They are used, for example, in digital circuits so that details stored in large computer memories is not lost throughout a momentary electric power failure.
• The electric energy stored in such capacitors maintains the details throughout the temporary loss of power.

Additional Information

• A diode is a two-terminal semiconductor device that permits current to flow through in one direction only.
• A transmitter is an electronic device used in telecommunications to generate radio waves in order to transmit or send data with the aid of an antenna.
• ​Thermistors are a very correct and cost- effective sensor for measuring temperature.

The correct answer is sulphuric acid.

Key Points

• A more usual production procedure is to treat bauxite ore with sulfuric acid and then with potassium sulfate.
• Ammonium alum is manufactured by the evaporation of a water solution containing ammonium sulfate and aluminium sulfate.
• It can also be acquired by treating a fusion of aluminium sulfate and sulfuric acid with ammonia.

Additional Information

• Phosphoric acid, also called as orthophosphoric acid, is a triprotic acid that lives as a dense liquid.
• Citric acid helps retain canned and jarred foods fresh over long periods of time. ​
• Boric Acid is a monobasic Lewis acid accompanied by the chemical formula H3BO3.

The correct answer is Maharashtra.

Key Points

• Jal Bhushan, the office and residence of the Governor of Maharashtra has a history of about 200 years.
• Dioramas of cannons and soldiers, optical illusions of a bunker of infinite length and cannons have also been generated inside the museum.
• The present building has undergone many modifications and renovations.
• Inside Mumbai's Raj Bhavan Bunker Museum: Underground shelter to offer visitors a glimpse into Indian history.

Additional Information

• ​Gandhi Memorial Museum started in 1959, is a memorial museum for Mahatma Gandhi situated in the city of Madurai in Tamil Nadu, India.
• The Karnataka State Tribal Research Institute is fitting to set up the state's first tribal museum in Mysuru.
• Maharaja Fateh Singh Museum is the largest museum in Gujrat.

The correct answer is 44^th.

Key Points

• Eventually, the Forty-Fourth Constitutional Amendment, 1978, disadvantaged the 'right to property of its 'fundamental right' status.
• The protracted discussion about the link between rights and directive principles was focused on this right.
• Eventually, in 1973, the Supreme Court ruled that as property right was not part of the Constitution's basic structure, parliament had the power to restrict it through amendment.
• A new provision, Article 300-A, was attached to the constitution, which issued that “no person shall be deprived of his property save by authority of law”.

Additional Information

• The Forty-Third Amendment Act of 1977 was passed by the Janata Government to nullify some distortions launched by the 42^nd Amendment Act of 1976.
• The 42^nd amendment act is also called as the “Mini-Constitution” because of the large number of amendments it has made to the Indian Constitution.
• The Forty-fifth Amendment of the Constitution of India, officially called as The Constitution Act, 1980, increased the period of reservation of seats for the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes and representation of the Anglo-Indians in the Lok Sabha and the State Legislative Assemblies.​

The correct answer is Monaco.

Key Points

• The new operational headquarters of the IAAF is located at 6-8, Quai Antoine 1er which is on Monaco's important port of Herculis.
• The total number of countries and territories presently associated with World Athletics stands at 214.
• This places World Athletics among the world's largest sporting organisations, and with additional members than the United Nations.
• The International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) will now be called as World Athletics.

Additional Information

• Athletics is a group of sporting events that requires competitive running, jumping, throwing, and walking.
• The most usual kinds of athletics competitions are track and field, road running, cross country running, and racewalking.
• A runner must every time wear sneakers or athletic shoes during the game.​

The correct answer is ​Lord Dalhousie.

Key Points

• The doctrine of lapse, in Indian history, a formula drawn up by Lord Dalhousie, governor-general of India (1848–56), to cover questions of succession to Hindu Indian states.
• It was used like an administrative policy for the extension of British Paramountcy.
• Dalhousie strongly applied the lapse doctrine for take over Indian princely states, but the policy was not solely his invention.
• The Court of Directors of the East India Company had hinged this early in 1834.

Additional Information

• Lord Canning proceed the Hindu Widows' Remarriage Act, 1856 which was enlisted by his predecessor Lord Dalhousie prior to the rebellion.
• Sir John Macpherson was a British administrator in India.​
• John Shore scheme was to combine and rule the colonial state well without engaging in unnecessary foreign adventures.

The correct answer is 15 October.

Key Points

• Every year on October 15, Global Handwashing Day highlights the significance of handwashing with soap and water at home, in society, and around the world.
• To create consciousness on how handwashing can stop the spread of disease, and inspire more handwashing within society, we celebrate this day.
• The first Global Handwashing Day happened on 15 October 2008.
• The date was scheduled by the UN General Assembly.

Additional Information

• India celebrates December 16 as Vijay Diwas to celebrate its victory over Pakistan during the 1971 war that led to the birth of Bangladesh.
• 24 June to be the International Day of Women in Diplomacy UNGA. ​
• National Safety Day is celebrated in India on 4^th March by the National Safety Council of India.

The correct answer is Gujrat.

Key Points

• The Chambal River is a branch of the Yamuna River in central India, and thus forms part of the greater Gangetic drainage system.
• It does not pass through the Gujrat.
• The river flows through the states of Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh in a north-northeast direction.
• From its origin it flows north into southeastern Rajasthan state.

Additional Information

• The state of Uttar Pradesh has got thirty one rivers flowing through the place, which includes both long as well as small rivers.
• Some important rivers of Rajasthan are Kali, Banas, Banganga, Parvati, Gambhiri, Mahi, Kakni, Jokham, Sabarmati, Katli, Sabi and Mantha.
• In Madhya pradesh, these rivers are flow Narmada (Shahdol district), Tapti (Betul District), Mahi (Dhar district), Godawari (Wainganga - Balaghat District).​

The correct answer is sedimentation.

Key Points

• When the weighty particles in a mixture settle after water is added to it, the process is called sedimentation.
• The particles that steady down throughout sedimentation are called sediments.
• For example, in a mixture of sand and water, sand steady down at the bottom.
• It is explained as the separation procedure in which solids are separated from the liquid.

Additional Information

• Threshing is the procedure of dissociation of grain from the stalk on which it develops and from the chaff or unit that covers it.
• Sieving permits the fine flour particles to pass through the holes of the sieve while the larger particles or impurities rest on the sieve.
• Yarning is a informal procedure that mean the sharing of stories and the development of knowledge. ​

The correct answer is 42^nd Amendment Act.

Key Points

• The 42^nd Amendment changed the words "unity of the nation" to "unity and integrity of the nation".
• The 42^nd Amendment Act 1976, proceed by the Indian National Congress led by Indira Gandhi.
• It is one of the most exceptional amendments to the Indian Constitution proceed by the Indian National Congress.
• Secular and Socialist were the two words attach after to the preamble of the Indian constitution.

Additional Information

• The Constitution 105^th Amendment  Act - restored the power of State governments to acknowledge socially and educationally backward classes (SEBCs).​
• Article 81 of the Constitution, the words and figures "not below one member for every 750,000 of the population and" shall be leave out.
• 35^th Amendment committed a set of conditions that made Sikkim an "Associate State", a exceptional designation not used by any other state.

The correct answer is Asansol.

Key Points

• On February 26, 2020, the Indian Railways' Asansol Division opened its first 'Restaurant on Wheels' for train passengers and local residents.
• The Restaurant on Wheels debuted near Asansol's train station.
• The establishment is called 'Chai Chun Tea Cafe' by the railways.

Additional Information

• Indian Railways is a statutory entity that operates India's national railway system and is owned by the Ministry of Railways, Government of India.
• With a total route length of 67,956 kilometres, it administers the world's fourth largest national railway system.

The correct answer is Nitrogen.

Key Points

• Nitrogen is a commonly used gas used to fill incandescent light bulbs.
• It increases bulb life by preventing the tungsten filaments from deteriorating too quickly.
• Nitrogen is important for plant growth and can be 'fixed' by lightning or added to soils in fertilisers.
• It is a colourless, odourless gas.

Additional Information

• Oxygen is a colourless, odourless and tasteless gas. It is noncombustible, but will actively support the burning of combustible materials.
• Ozone (O₃) is a highly reactive gas composed of three oxygen atoms. It is both a natural and a man-made product that occurs in the Earth's upper atmosphere.
• Carbon dioxide is an important greenhouse gas that helps to trap heat in our atmosphere. Without it, our planet would be inhospitably cold.

The correct amswer is Telengana.

Key Points

• Bathukamma is a Hindu deity festival that is mostly observed in Telangana and certain areas of Andhra Pradesh.
• Bathukamma is a colourful and flamboyant Telangana celebration celebrated by women, using flowers native to each district.
• This celebration represents Telangana's cultural character.
• Bathukamma appears in the later half of the monsoon season, just before the arrival of winter.

Additional Information

• Every year, this festival is observed for nine days, beginning with Mahalaya Amavasya and ending with Durgashtami, in September-October of the Gregorian calendar.
• Bathukamma originally meant "life festival" and was held to honour Goddess Parvati for her blessings on the crop harvest and revenue she helped produce this (current) year, as well as to solicit her blessing for the following year.

The correct answer is Inceptisols

Key Points

• Inceptisols are soils with little horizon development.
• They contain no clays, iron oxide, aluminium oxide, or biological materials.

Additional Information

• Vertisols are clay-rich soils that shrink and swell when moisture levels vary. The soil volume diminishes and large broad fractures emerge during dry seasons.
• Aridisols are arid, desert-like soils with low organic content and limited vegetation of drought- and salt-tolerant plants.
• Alfisols are moderately leached soils with high natural fertility. These soils are prevalent in temperate humid and subhumid parts of the world and feature a subsurface horizon in which clays have collected.

The correct answer is 1627.

Key Points

• Nur-ud-Din Muhammad Salim, often known as Jahangir, was the fourth Mughal Emperor, reigning from 1605 until his death in 1627
• "Golden chain of justice" which is for the people suffering from the injustices.

Additional Information

• The Mughal Empire was an Islamic early-modern empire that ruled over most of South Asia.
• Sultan Babur created the Mughal kingdom in the sixteenth century, following his epic victory over the Lodhi Sultan in 1526.

The correct answer is Maharashtra.

Key Points

• Daimabad is a Chalcolithic or copper age site (2200-1000 BCE) on the left bank of the Pravara, a tributary of the Godavari in present-day Maharashtra's Ahmednagar district.
• Archaeologist BP Bopardikar found the site in 1956, and it was explored three times over the next two decades

Additional Information

• Discoveries at Daimabad indicate that Late Harappan civilisation spread into India's Deccan Plateau.
• Daimabad is well-known for the discovery of several bronze artefacts, some of which were inspired by the Harappan civilisation.

The correct answer is Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

Key Points

• The 15^th Indian Census, or the 2011 Census of India, was performed in two phases: house listing and population enumeration.
• Arunachal Pradesh has the lowest population density in states, while Andaman and Nicobar Island has the lowest population density in Union Territory.

Additional Information

• Lakshadweep has a population of 64 thousand people, according to Census 2011 data.
• According to the 2011 census, the total population of **Lakshadweep is 64,473, with 33,123 males and 31,350 female and the total population of **Puducherry is 1,247,953, with 612,511 males and 635,442 females.

The correct answer is Australia.

Key Points

• According to the Defence Pact, India and Australia's defence ministers will conduct a comprehensive assessment of strategic issues and the regional security matrix in June 2020.
• They shared the goal of creating an open, inclusive, and rules-based Indo-Pacific, a region that has seen increasing Chinese aggression.
• Defence Minister Rajnath Singh and his Australian colleague Richard Marles discussed industrial collaboration in the defence manufacturing industry as well as strategies to improve their military capabilities.

Additional Information

• Regular personnel and training exchanges, such as short specialised courses and longer-term jobs, strengthen ties between Australia and India's defence services.
• The Australian and Indian forces have become more interoperable as the number of common platforms has grown, providing potential for collaborative training.
• C-17 strategic transport is one of them.

The correct answer is Kerela

Key Points

• In Kerala and Karnataka, theyyam is a prominent ritual style of dance worship.
• Theyyam is made up of thousands of years of traditions, ceremonies, and customs.

Additional Information

• Theyyam is a kind of Hinduism that indigenous groups have practised since time immemorial.
• It includes dance, mime, and music.
• It extols the beliefs of ancient tribals who placed a high value on the worship of heroes and the spirits of their ancestors.

The correct answer is Drum house.

Key Points

• During festivities, a drum house or orchestra pit is referred to as a Naqqar Khana or Naubat Khana.
• The name simply translates to "drum (Naqqar/Naubat)-house" (Khana).
• They are a distinctive feature of Mughal architecture and were built in locations influenced by the Mughals in India, Pakistan, and neighbouring nations.

Additional Information

• The Naubat Khana, also known as the Naqqar Khana, is the drum house that sits at the gateway between the outer and inner courts of Delhi's Red Fort.
• Mughal Emperor Akbar created the House of Worship or Ibadat Khana for religious debates and discussions among theologians and teachers of many religions . Mir Saman led the military, aristocratic, information, and intelligence organisations. Imperial household commander  (Karkhanas).

The correct answer is Article 356.

Key Points

• If a state government is unable to function in accordance with constitutional provisions, the Union government may take direct control of the state apparatus under Article 356 of the Indian Constitution.
• The item was first used in 1954. It has also been used in the Patiala and East Punjab States unions (PEPSU)

Additional Information

• Article 124 deals with the establishment and constitution of the Supreme Court. It specifies that there must be a Supreme Court of India composed of a Chief Justice of India and not more than seven other Judges unless Parliament by law mandates a larger number.
• Art. 105 states that, pursuant to the requirements of this constitution and the rules and standing orders governing Parliamentary business, there shall be a Gram Sabha which may exercise such powers and perform such functions at the village level as the Legislature of a State may, by law, provide, as per art 243 of the constitution.

The correct answer is Australia.

Key Points

• In international women's cricket, Australia is represented by the national women's cricket team.
• They now hold the top spot in the International Cricket Council's women's game global rankings under Meg Lanning's captaincy and Shelley Nitschke's coaching.
• It was held in Australia between 21 February and 8 March 2020.
• On International Women's Day, the final took played at the Melbourne Cricket Ground.
• Hosts Australia won the competition by defeating India by 85 runs to capture their fifth championship.

Additional Information

• Australia won the trophy for the fifth time after defeating India in the finals by a large margin of 85 runs.
• The tournament's leading run scorer and Player of the Series was Australian batter Beth Mooney..A second Australia Megan Schutt took the call.

The correct answer is Thailand.

Key Points

• Khon is a performance art that includes aspects of music, voice, literature, dance, ritual, and craftsmanship. It is known as the Khon Masked Dance Drama in Thailand.
• Performing Khon dates back to the Ayutthaya Kingdom.
• Men in masks perform it only at the royal court, together with narrators and a traditional piphat ensemble.

Additional Information

• The life and greatness of Rama, the hero and god Vishnu's incarnation who establishes order and justice in the universe are portrayed in Khon performances, which have a strong didactic purpose.
• It combines singing, speech, dancing, beautiful costumes, and music.

Important Points

The correct answer is budding.

Key Points

• Asexual reproduction known as "budding" occurs when a new individual emerges from a generative anatomical site of the parent organism.
• Although buds can sometimes grow from practically any location on the body, budding is sometimes limited to certain regions in particular species.

Additional Information

• A stem can be manipulated to generate roots while still linked to the parent plant by the process of layering, an asexual propagation technique. While the roots are developing, the parent plant supplies water and nutrients to the young plant.
• A section of a plant used in horticulture for vegetative (asexual) propagation is known as plant cutting. A portion of the donor plant's stem or root is put in an appropriate medium, such damp soil.
• Uninuclear cells fuse together to produce multinuclear cells through the process of fusion. The term "cell fusion" also applies to this process. A hybrid gene is created by the fusing of two distinct genes.

The correct answer is EKAM.

Key Points

• The National Handicapped Finance Development Corporation (NHFDC) will host EKAM Fest in New Delhi beginning on March 2, 2020.
• The EKAM Fest is an initiative to encourage entrepreneurship and education among the Divyangjan community.
• Entrepreneurship, Knowledge, Awareness, and Marketing is referred to as EKAM.

Additional Information

• The SHRESHTA programme was established with the intention of giving SC Category students access to high-quality education and opportunities. Its primary goal is to improve the socioeconomic standing of members of Scheduled Castes.
• An innovative learning organisation called Pratham was founded to raise the standard of education in India. Pratham, one of the biggest NGOs in the nation, concentrates on high-quality, affordable, and reproducible initiatives to close gaps in the educational system.
• The Union government has unveiled a brand-new single-window online clearance platform for the coal industry, according to Uttam.

The correct answer is submitted to the Governor of the State, who shall cause them to be laid before the Legislature of the State.

Key Points

• The details of the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India relating to the accounts of a State shall be submitted to the Governor of the State, who shall cause them to be laid before the Legislature of the State.
• The Comptroller and Auditor-General give three inspection reports to the President: Audit Report on Appropriation Accounts, Audit Report on Finance Accounts, and Audit Report on Public Undertakings.
• The role of the Public Accounts Committee is to examine the early audit reports of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India.
• Article 148 is related to the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India.

Additional Information

• Work of the Comptroller and Auditor General to audit receipts and expenditures of the Union and every State and the Union Territory Governments.
• The audit reports of the Comptroller and Auditor General are put down prior to Parliament or the legislature of the State or the Union Territory, as the case possibly.
• The Comptroller and Auditor-General of India is a representative of the Parliament and manages audits of expenditure on behalf of the Parliament. ​

The correct answer is Guru Shikhar.

Key Points

• Guru Peak on Mount Abu is the tallest peak in the Aravalli Range (5,650 feet [1,722 metres]).
• The Aravali Range is a range of mountains in western India running about 692 km in a northeastern direction over the Indian states of Gujarat, Rajasthan, and Haryana, ending in Delhi.
• Guru Shikar is situated at a height of 1772 meters above sea level, and people can enjoy the vision of the Mount Abu region from this peak.
• People can see the temple of Guru Dattatreya on this peak.

Additional Information

• Chaukhamba peak is situated in the northern Indian state of Uttarakhand.
• Kamet is the second tallest mountain in the Garhwal region of Uttarakhand, India, after Nanda Devi.
• Saltoro Kangri, previously famous as Peak 36, is the highest peak of the Saltoro Mountains subrange of Karakoram range.

The correct answer is 102^nd.

Key Points

• India is ranked 102 of 117 countries in the Global Hunger Index 2019.
• In the 2021 Global Hunger Index, India ranks 101^st out of 116 countries.
• India ranked 132 out of 191 countries in the United Nations Human Development Index 2021-22 released on September 8, 2022.
• In 2017, India was ranked at 100^th position.

Additional Information

• The global hunger index is a means of monitoring whether countries are attaining hunger-related SDGs.
• A country's Global Hunger result is calculated by averaging the percentage of the population, which is undernourished, the number of children younger than five years of age who are underweight, and the number of children who die before the age of five.​

The correct answer is 1956.

Key Points

• Started in 1956, NCAER is India's oldest and biggest independent, non-profit, economic policy research institute.
• National Council of Applied Economic Research board-run body to give help to both the government and the private sector in empirical economic research.
• The first ruling Body of NCAER comprised all Economics Ministers and main lights of the private sector, like C. D. Deshmukh, J. R. D. Tata, John Matthai.

Additional Information

• National Council of Applied Economic Research is India's oldest and biggest economic foundation.
• It is also one of a handful of foundations in the world that merge rigorous analysis and policy outreach with deep data collection capabilities, mainly for large scale household surveys.​

The correct answer is Jhelum.

Key Points

• The Vedic name of Jhelum is Vitasta.
• The Vitasta is referred as one of the crucial rivers by the holy scriptures, the Rigveda.
• The Jhelum is the important waterway of the Kashmir valley.
• The Jhelum River is a river in the northern Indian subcontinent.

Additional Information

• Rigvedic hymns mention many rivers' names different from modern ones.

The correct answer is Manas National Park.

Key Points

• The current range of pygmy hog is present only in the reserve forest belts of the Manas Wildlife Sanctuary and the Barnadi Wildlife Sanctuary in northwestern Assam, India.
• The pygmy hog is the only member of its genus, Porcula, and there may be as few as 200 individuals remaining in the wild.
• The pygmy hog is a suid domestic to alluvial grasslands in the foothills of the Himalayas at heights of up to 300 m (980 ft).

Additional Information

• Kanha Tiger Reserve park has a remarkable population of the Royal Bengal tiger, Indian leopards, the sloth bear, barasingha and Indian wild dog.​
• The royal Bengal tiger is popular in Jim Corbett National Park.
• Rajaji National national park, mainly popular for its elephant population.

The correct answer is Deep veins.

Key Points

• Persons can further classify systemic veins into either: Deep veins.
• These veins generally have a corresponding artery close by and are in muscle tissue.
• These veins may have a one-way valve to stop blood from flowing backwards.
• The deep veins of the upper edge involve the paired ulnar, radial, and interosseous veins in the forearm; paired brachial veins of the upper arm; and axillary vein.

Additional Information

• Superficial veins are seemingly those that are found close to the human body's surface.
• Pulmonary veins are blood vessels that transfer oxygen-rich blood from human lungs to human heart.
• ​Systemic venous system begin out as the network of venules that coalesce to form increasingly larger diameter veins.

The correct answer is Turner Syndrome.

Key Points

• The term "Turner syndrome" comes from Dr. Henry Turner, the physician who first reported the collection of findings in 1938.
• Turner syndrome is a genetic disorder act on girls and women.
• The reason of Turner syndrome is a completely or partially missing X chromosome.
• Turner syndrome symptoms include short size and absence of breast development and periods.
• Turner syndrome may be diagnosed from prenatal cell-free DNA screening or certain features may be detected on prenatal ultrasound screening.

Additional Information

• Some usual Mendelian Disorders are Haemophilia, Muscular Dystrophy, and Sickle cell anemia.
• Haemophilia is generally a genetic bleeding disorder in which the blood does not clot properly.​
• Sickle cell anemia is one of a group of genetic disorders called as sickle cell disease.
• Phenylketonuria is a rare genetic disorder that causes an amino acid called phenylalanine to build up in the body.

The correct answer is Stagflation.

Key Points

• Stagflation is the concurrent appearance of an economy of slow growth, high unemployment, and rising prices.
• Stagflation is a mash-up word joining the words stagnation and inflation.
• For example, if there's an unexpected growth in the price of a commodity like oil, prices surge accordingly while profits drop.
• Stagflation is steady, slow economic growth, with ongoing layoffs and high inflation.

Additional Information

• Deflation is when consumer and asset prices decrease over time, and purchasing power increases.
• Reflation is a fiscal or monetary policy plan to expand output, stimulate spending, and curb the effects of deflation, which generally happens after a period of economic unpredictability or a recession.
• A recession is a notable, widespread, and prolonged decrease in economic activity. ​

The correct answer is violation of the Constitution.

Key Points

• The President may be removed prior to his tenure through impeachment for violating the Constitution of India by the Parliament of India.
• The procedure may start in either of the two houses of the Parliament.
• A decision to impeach the President has to be passed by a two-thirds majority of the total number of members of the originating house.
• It is later sent to the other house.

Additional Information

• As reported by Article 52 of the Constitution of India, the President is the chief of state of the Republic of India.
• Article 57 permitted the re-election of the President.
• The president's ruler can be proclaimed under Article 356.​

The correct answer is Vajira Chitrasena.

Key Points

• In March 2020, Prime Minister Narendra Modi closed all his social media accounts for a day and handed them over to seven female achievers who will share their journeys with everybody.
• Seven women are - 
• Sneha Mohandoss, Malvika Iyer, Arifa Jaan, Kalpana Ramesh, Vijaya Pawar, Kalavati Devi and Veena Devi.
• Extending his greetings to women on International Women's Day (IWD), Prime Minister Modi handed over his social media account to Indian women achievers to share their achievements.​
• Hence Vajira Chitrasena is not one of them.

Additional Information

• Dr. Vajira Chitrasena, a veteran Sri Lankan classical dancer, dance choreographer, and teacher, is considered Sri Lanka’s first prima ballerina.
• Dr. Chitrasena was observed as the epitome of female performance and was mentioned as the “prima ballerina of Kandyan dance."
• She is the first Sri Lankan woman to perform the classical Kandyan dance which was traditionally performed only by men.
• She was reported as an honourable recipient of the reputable Padma Shri award for her performance in the arts in January 2020.

The correct answer is Drip irrigation.

Key Points

• The method of watering plants by the use of narrow tubes that supply water directly at the base of the plant is known as drip irrigation.
• The method of watering plants which reduces the wastage of water is drip irrigation.
• Plants and emitter-equipped tubing are both laid out on the ground in drip irrigation systems.
• The emitters slowly drip water within the soil at the root area.

Additional Information

• Sub-irrigation methods, also known as zero runoff, are an environmentally responsible way to **conserve water and fertilizers.**​
• Step farming is prevalent to save the soil from current water current flow on the slopes.
• Sprinkler irrigation is a method of applying irrigation water, that is alike to natural rainfall.