SSC GD Constable Previous Year Paper (Held on: 30th November 2021 Shift 1)

The logic followed here is:

Row wise:

First number + (Third number ÷ 2) = Second number

1^st Row: 

Second number  = 13 + (34 ÷  2) = 13 +17 = 30.

3^rd Row: 

Second number  = 19 + (22 ÷  2) = 19 +11 = 30.

Similarly,

2^nd Row: 

Second number  = 27 + (14 ÷  2) = 27 +7 = 34.

Hence, the correct answer is "34".

The logic followed here is :-

Hence, the correct answer is "126".

Given :- L_PO_LO_OK_OP_KL_POK

By checking options and substituting accordingly.

1) O, K, P, L, O, O → L O P O K - L O P O K - L O P O K - L O P O K

• Here, "LOPOK" is repeated.

2) O, P, O, K, O, L → L O P O P - L O O O K - K O P O K - L L P O K

3) O, P, K, O, L, O → L O P O P - L O K O K - O O P L K - L O P O K

4)  O, O, P, K, L, O → L O P O O - L O P O K - K O P L K - L O P O K​

• Option (1) gives the pattern of :- L O P O K - L O P O K - L O P O K - L O P O K

Hence, the correct answer is "O, K, P, L, O, O".

The logic followed here is :-

Sum of alphabet positional values of given word + Number of letters in given word.

'SOBER' is coded as '64'.

Sum of alphabet positional value of the word = 19 + 15 + 2 + 5 + 18 = 59

Number of letter = 5

= 59 + 5

= 64

And

'NOSTALGIA' is coded as '107'.

Sum of alphabet positional value of the word = 14 + 15 + 19 + 20 + 1 + 12 + 7 + 9 + 1 = 98

Number of letter = 9

= 98 + 9

= 107

Similarly,

'REPAIR' will be coded as :

Sum of alphabet positional value of the word = 18 + 5 + 16 + 1 + 9 + 18 = 67

Number of letter = 6

= 67 + 6

= 73

Hence, the correct answer is "73".

Opposite surface of the open dice can be found by the below method:-

• Alternate surfaces are opposite to each other.
• No two opposite surface are touched by side or by corners

So, by using the above rule we can find the opposite surface of open dice.

In the given figure, Opposite faces are :

1) 

 → The shaded is arranged according to folding.

2) 

 → The shaded is arranged according to folding.

3) 

 → The shaded part should be on side of 3 according to folding.

4) 

 → The shaded is arranged according to folding.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Given,

Cost of banana = x

The cost of an apple is four less than twice the cost of a banana.

Cost of apple = 2x - 4

Papaya is half the cost of an apple.

Cost of papaya = (2x - 4) / 2

Total cost of fruits = 150/-

∴ Cost of banana + apple + papaya = 150/-

⇒ x + (2x - 4) + (2x - 4) / 2 = 150

⇒ 2x + 4x - 8 + 2x - 4 = 300

⇒ 8x - 12 = 300

⇒ 8x = 312

⇒ x = 312 / 8

⇒ x = 39

∴ Here, the cost of banana = x.

So, the cost of banana = 39/-

Hence, the correct answer is "Rs. 39".

After unfolding the given paper the figure formed is as shown below :-

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The logic followed here is :-

DANGER is written as EDSHHW.

Similarly,

SPEEDY will be written as :

Hence, the correct answer is "TSJFGD".

The figure that can replace the question mark (?) in the following series is as shown below :-

• The middle polygon is moving to top left corner from figure to figure.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The figure embedded in the given options is as shown below :

The logic followed here is :-

Hence, the correct answer is "ZMD".

The logic followed here is :-

Addition and subtraction of the difference by using prime number.

Hence, the correct answer is "25".

The least possible Venn diagram for the given is as shown below :-

∴ Here, Number 5 part is represented as "Indian singers who are not soldiers".

Hence, the correct answer is "Indian singers who are not soldiers".

Family chart :-

Family Tree :

1) P is the husband of Q and U is the brother of Q and R is the son of the only brother of Q.

2) P is the father of S and S is the sister of T. 

∴ Here, U is Maternal uncle of T.

Hence, the correct answer is "Maternal uncle".

The arrangement of the given words in the order in which they appear in an English dictionary is as shown below :

1. Terminus
2. Terrace
3. Therefore
4. Thesis
5. Thiamine

Hence, the correct answer is "1, 3, 2, 4, 5".

The logic followed here is :-

Second number - First number = 87

Similarly,

Fourth number - Third number = 87

• 129 : 216 → 216 - 129 = 87

Similarly,

• 165 : ? → X - 165 = 87 → X = 165 + 87 = 252

Hence, the correct answer is "252".

The logic followed here is :-

First letter if added +2, next letter in subtracted -2 and repeated for next letters in given word.

‘VENDOR’ is written as ‘TMFLGT’.

Similarly,

‘CUSTOM’ will be written as :

Hence, the correct answer is "OMVQWA".

Four persons A, B, C and D are playing carrom.

A is to the immediate left of C and D is to the immediate right of B.

∴ Here, the position of A is opposite of B.

Hence, the correct answer is "Opposite B".

The logic followed here is :-

By using BODMAS RULE :

Option 1) : ×, +, =

Given expression : 72 ? 18 ? 11 ? 44

After inserting the symbols in given expression the expression formed is as follows : 72 × 18 + 11 = 44

⇒ 72 × 18 + 11 = 44

⇒ 1296 + 11 = 44

⇒ 1307 ≠ 44

LHS ≠ RHS

Option 2) :  ÷, ×, =

Given expression : 72 ? 18 ? 11 ? 44

After inserting the symbols in given expression the expression formed is as follows : 72 ÷ 18 × 11 = 44

⇒ 72 ÷ 18 × 11 = 44

⇒ 4 × 11 = 44

⇒ 44 = 44

LHS = RHS

Option 3) : ×, ÷, =

Given expression : 72 ? 18 ? 11 ? 44

After inserting the symbols in given expression the expression formed is as follows : 72 × 18 ÷ 11 = 44

⇒ 72 × 18 ÷ 11 = 44

⇒ 1296 ÷ 11 = 44

⇒ 117.81 ≠ 44

LHS ≠ RHS

Option 4) : +, –, =

Given expression : 72 ? 18 ? 11 ? 44

After inserting the symbols in given expression the expression formed is as follows : 72 + 18 - 11 = 44

⇒ 72 + 18 - 11 = 44

⇒ 90 - 11 = 44

⇒ 79 ≠ 44

LHS ≠ RHS

Hence, the correct answer is " ÷, ×, =".

The logic followed here is :-

1) HFDZX

2) CAYWU

3) TRPNL

4) OMKIG

∴ Here. 'HFDZX' is different from other three alternatives.

Hence, the correct answer is "HFDZX".

Six people, K, L, M, N, O and P, are sitting on the ground in a hexagonal shape but not necessarily in the same order.

1) P is in the middle of M and N.

2) L is the neighbour of M.

3) N is not sitting next to M or O and K is not sitting next to L or M. 

∴ Here, the seating positions of the people in clockwise direction is 'L-M-P-N-K-O'.

Hence, the correct answer is "L-M-P-N-K-O".

The logic followed here is :-

BUMP : NOSD

Similarly,

PICK : ?

Hence, the correct answer is "IEGR".

The logic followed here is :-

Sword is one of the equipment of weapon.

Similarly,

Necklace is one of the item in Jewellery.

Hence, the correct answer is "Jewellery".

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as shown below :

Conclusions:

I. Some kiwis are guavas → False (As Some kiwis are pears so, Some kiwis are guavas is false)

II. Some pears are kiwis → True (As Some kiwis are pears so, Some pears are kiwis is true)

∴ Here, Only conclusion II is true.

Hence, the correct answer is "Only conclusion II follows".

The correct mirror image of the given combination when the mirror is placed at PQ is as shown below :-

Detailed Explanation:

• The line PQ is the mirror.
• The word "fhdB31" ends with number '1'. So, the mirror image starts with "

" ⇒ Option 3 is eliminated.

• The word "fhdB31" has last second number '3'. So, the mirror image should be "

" ⇒ Option 1 is eliminated.

• The word "fhdB31" has last fourth letter 'd'. So, the mirror image should be "

" ⇒ Option 2 is eliminated.

Hence, the correct answer is "option 4".

The correct answer is 16.

Key Points

• 16 drugs were removed from the National List of Essential Medicines (NLEM) in September 2021.
• In NLEM, the medicines are categorized based on level of healthcare system as- P (Primary); S (Secondary) and T (Tertiary).
• The National List of Essential Medicines was first formulated in 1996 and it was revised thrice earlier in 2003, 2011, and 2015.
• The independent Standing National Committee on Medicines (SNCM) was constituted by Union Health Ministry in 2018.

Additional Information

• Dr Mansukh Mandaviya, Union Minister for Health and Family Welfare, launched National Lists of Essential Medicines (NLEM) 2022, on 13 September 2022.
• 384 drugs have been included in this list with addition of 34 drugs.
• The “essential medicines” are those that satisfy the priority health care needs, based on efficacy, safety, quality and total cost of the treatment.

The correct answer is State Bank of India.

Key Points

• The State Bank of India signed a $1 billion loan agreement with Japan Bank for International Cooperation in October 2020.
• The loan is intended to promote the smooth flow of funds for the whole range of business operations of Japanese automobile manufacturers in India.
• $600 mn will be financed by JBIC while the remaining amount will be financed by other participating banks.

Additional Information

• SBI (Sept 2022):
• Founded - 1 July 1955.
• Chairperson - Dinesh Kumar Khara.
• Headquarters - Mumbai.

The correct answer is Temperature above 35°C.

Important Points

• Conditions required for tea plantations:
• Well-distributed rainfall of around 150-300 cm is considered suitable for successful tea production.
• The monthly average maximum temperature range between 28°C and 32°C during April to September.
• Hence Temperature above 35°C is harmful.
• As far as soil conditions are concerned, generally, sandy loam to silty loam type of soil with a pH range of 4.5-5.5 is ideal for growing tea.
• Tea is a shade-loving plant and develops more vigorously when planted along with shady trees.
• Soil should possess a minimum of 1% of organic carbon, 1-2% of organic matter, 35ppm of P2O5 and K2O for the successful establishment of tea.
• Planting of tea is done either in spring (June-July) after the first few showers of rain or in autumn (October-November) while the soil is still moist and the area has irrigation facilities.

The correct answer is The Shadow of God.

Key Points

• The Persian chronicles described the Muslim Sultans as The Shadow of God.
• The Muslim sultans and Padshahs did not claim to be reincarnations of god.
• But Persian court chronicles described them as shadow of god.
• An inscription in the Quwwat al-Islam mosque explained that God chose Alauddin (Sultan) as a king because he had the qualities of Moses and Solomon, the great lawgivers of the past.
• The greatest lawgiver and architect was God Himself.
• He created the world out of chaos and introduced order and symmetry.

Additional Information

• Balban called himself the ‘Shadow of God’.
• He was a member of Chalisa or Chahalgani but he broke the power of Chahalgani and restored the prestige of the crown.
• He created a strong centralized army and established the military department Diwan-i-Arz.
• He separated military affairs from the finance department (Diwan‑i‑Wazarat).

The correct answer is Sponge.

Key Points

• Sponges belong to the phylum Porifera.
• They are generally marine and mostly asymmetrical animals.
• These are primitive multicellular animals and have a cellular level of organization.
• ''Spongilla'' is a freshwater sponge.
• It is a member of the family Spongillidae
• It is generally found in lakes, ponds, and slow streams

Additional Information

• Paramoecium is a single-celled freshwater animal that has a characteristic slipper-like shape and is covered with cilia.
• An amoeba often called an amoeboid, is a type of cell or unicellular organism which has the ability to alter its shape, primarily by extending and retracting pseudopods.
• Chlamydomonas is a genus of green algae consisting of about 150 species all unicellular flagellates, found in stagnant water and on damp soil, in freshwater, seawater, and even in snow as "snow algae".

The correct answer is 25 January 2030.

Key Points

• The Constitution (One Hundred and Twenty-Sixth Amendment) Bill, 2019 aims to retain the inclusive character as envisioned by the founding fathers of the Constitution of India by continuing the reservation of seats for the scheduled castes and the scheduled tribes up to 25 January 2030.
• Parliament has passed the Constitution (One Hundred and Twenty-Sixth Amendment) Bill 2019 with Rajya Sabha approving it on 12 Dec 2019.
• The Bill seeks to extend the reservation for SCs and STs in Lok Sabha and State Assemblies by another ten years till January 25, 2030.
• The govt is trying to set up all India Judicial Service and it is of the view to provide reservations to SCs and STs in it.

The correct answer is The UK.

Key Points

• Emma Raducanu is a professional tennis player from The UK.
• US Open champion Emma Raducanu has been voted BBC Sports Personality of the Year 2021.
• She has become the third WTA (Women's Tennis Association) player to win the award in its 67-year history.
• Raducanu became the first British woman to win a Grand Slam singles title after defeating Leylah Fernandez.

Additional Information

• The Grand Slam itinerary consists of:
• the Australian Open in mid-January,
• the French Open (also known as Roland Garros) from around late May to early June,
• Wimbledon in June–July, and
• the US Open in August–September.
• Each tournament is played over a two-week period.
• Rafael Nadal is the winner of most Grand Slams titles with 22 titles to his name.

The correct answer is The later Mughals kept a good check on their powerful 'mansabdars'.

Important Points

• By the 17th century, the Mughal Empire started facing a lot of crises.
• The main cause for this was Aurangzeb’s exploitations in Deccan India.
• Aurangzeb fought a long war in the Deccan.
• This war resulted in the depletion of military and financial resources of the Mughal Empire.
• It left the Empire unstable for future generations.
• Hence statement 1 is correct.
• Under the rule of his successors, the efficiency of imperial administration broke down too.
• Hence statement 2 is correct.
• ​The peasants and zamindars added to this problem by starting rebellions in northern and western India.
• They did this because of the taxes which had been increased due to the corruption by mansabdars.
• Hence statement 4 is correct.
• During this period, Nadir Shah (ruler of Iran) attacked Delhi and looted away a large amount of wealth.
• Ahmad Shah Abdali invaded north India five-time from 1748 to 1761.
• Hence statement 3 is incorrect.

The correct answer is evaporation.

Key Points

• Change of a liquid into gas at any temperature below its boiling point is called evaporation.
• Evaporation is the process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas or vapor.
• Evaporation is the primary pathway that water moves from the liquid state back into the water cycle as atmospheric water vapor.

Additional Information

• Sublimation is the conversion between the solid and the gaseous phases of matter, with no intermediate liquid stage.
• An example of sublimation is naphthalene, dry ice.
• Condensation is the process by which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water.
• Condensation is crucial to the water cycle because it is responsible for the formation of clouds. Condensation is the opposite of evaporation.
• Crystallisation is an example of physical change.
• It involves separation of solid-liquid separation technique, which involves the transfer of solute to the pure solid crystalline phase from the liquid solution.

The correct answer is By each ruler getting a picture made of Timur and himself.

Important Points

• Mughals were proud of the timurid dynasty because their great ancestor had captured Delhi in 1398.
• Their pride was celebrated by getting a picture made of timur with themselves.
• The Mughals were descendants of two lineages:
• From their mother's side, they were descendants of Genghiz Khan, the Mongol ruler.
• From their father's side, they were successors of Timur, the ruler of Iran, Iraq, and modern-day Turkey.
• The Mughals did not like to be called Mughal or Mongols as Genghiz Khan was associated with the massacre of people.
• However, they were proud of their Timurid ancestry because Delhi was captured by their ancestor in 1398.

The correct answer is Bal Gangadhar Tilak.

Key Points

• Bal Gangadhar Tilak, also known as Lokmanya Tilak or "The Maker of Modern India" by Mahatma Gandhi, wrote the book Gita Rahasya.
• Geeta Rahasya is the analysis of karma-yoga in the Bhagat Gita, which is known to be the gift of the Vedas and the Upanishad.
• It includes: 
• an external examination of the Gita
• the original Sanskrit stanzas
• their Marathi translation
• commentaries on the stanzas, and
• a comparison of Eastern with Western doctrines etc.

Additional Information

• Bal Gangadhar Tilak was a leader of the Indian independence movement.
• He was also called the Father of Indian Unrest.
• Tilak joined Congress in 1890.
• He was opposed to moderate ways and views and had a more radical and aggressive stance against British rule.
• The extremists led by him.
• He gave the slogan, “Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it.”
• He believed that no progress was possible without self-rule.
• He was part of the extremist faction of the INC and was a proponent of boycotts and Swadeshi movements.
• He published two papers – Kesari in Marathi and Mahratta in English.

The correct answer is Francisco de Almeida.

Key Points

• Francisco De Almeida was the first Portuguese Viceroy in India, he constructed fort Anjediva.
• Alfonzo De Albuquerque he is known as the real founder of Portuguese power in India, he was also known as the greatest Portuguese Viceroy in India.
• Alfonzo De Albuquerque set up his headquarters in Cochin.
• Nino Da Cunha was a Portuguese governor in India from 1528 to 1538. He shifted Portuguese headquarters from Cochin to Goa.

Additional Information

• Joseph Marquis Dupleix was Governor-General of French India and rival of Robert Clive.
• Robert Clive was the First Governor of Bengal at the time of the company's rule who took office in 1758 after the assassination of the Nawab in Murshidabad in 1757.
• Dual Administration was introduced in the year 1765 by Robert Clive.
• Robert Clive the first English Governor of Bengal presidency made a settlement with the Nawab of Awadh in 1765, this settlement was also referred to as the First Treaty of Allahabad.

The correct answer is Badland topography.

Key Points

• Badland topography is a region with a large number of deep gullies or ravines.
• It is the result of gully erosion.
• Badland topography is a type of dry terrain where sedimentary rocks and clay-rich soils have been extensively eroded by wind and water.
• The characteristics of the badlands are steep slopes, minimal vegetation, lack of a substantial regolith, and high drainage density.
• Badlands develop in arid to semiarid areas.

Additional Information

• In Madhya Pradesh, badlands are seen along Chambal, Sindh, Gomati and their tributaries
• In Uttar Pradesh, the problem of ravine erosion and the formation of badlands has been noticed along the Yamuna.
• Also, the Badland topography is due to vertical erosion caused by river.
• Badland topography is a characteristic feature of the Chambal basin.
• Due to extensive gully erosion of this basin, the Chambal basin converts into Badland.
• Rivers such as Chambal when flows through the Malwa region make headward or vertical erosion to cut deep ravines

The correct answer is Silicon.

Key Points

• Laterite soil is reddish to yellow, with low levels of potassium, phosphorus, nitrogen, lime, and magnesia, and high levels of aluminium, iron, titanium, and manganese oxides (90 to 100 per cent).
• Hence Laterite soil is poor in oxides in Silicon.
• The Red colour is due to iron oxide present in the Laterite soil.
• Laterite soil is formed as a result of high leaching.
• Laterite soil is deficient in Nitrogen, Potash, Potassium, Lime, and Humus.
• Rice, Ragi, Sugarcane, and Cashew nuts are mainly cultivated in Laterite Soil.
• The humus content is low in Laterite Soil.

Additional Information

• Soil is one of the most important natural resources.
• Soil is the mixture of rock debris and organic materials which develop on the earth’s surface.
• It provides anchorage to the plants and supplies water and nutrients.
• Soil is essential for agriculture.
• Soil is of different types: clayey, loamy and sandy.

The correct answer is Contactless SBI Card.

Key Points

• Contactless SBI Card has launched its new brand campaign titled 'Contactless Connections', in October 2020
• The Contactless SBI Credit Cards, powered by Visa Contactless / Mastercard Contactless.
• It is a fast and convenient way to pay for everyday purchases.
• Simply tap your SBI Credit Card on a POS machine to make a contactless payment.
• Hence, there is no need to swipe or dip your credit card.

Additional Information

• Chairman, SBI-Dinesh Kumar Khara. (as of Sept 2022)
• Headquarters-Mumbai.
• Founded-1 July 1955.
• It is the 43rd largest bank in the world.

The correct answer is Canada.

Key Points

• Canada has the world’s largest ice rink called the 'Rideau Canal'.
• The Rideau Canal is also known unofficially as the Rideau Waterway.
• It connects Canada's capital city of Ottawa, Ontario, to Lake Ontario and the Saint Lawrence River at Kingston.
• It is 202 kilometres long.

Additional Information

• Wular lake is one of the biggest freshwater lakes in Asia and it was formed as a result of tectonic activity.
• Chilika Lake in Odisha is the largest saline water lake in India.
• Vembanad Lake in Kerala is the longest lake in India.
• Cholamu Lake in Sikkim is the highest lake in India.
• Lonar Lake is a notified National Geo-heritage Monument, saline, soda lake, located at Lonar in Buldhana district, Maharashtra.

The correct answer is July 2004.

Key Point

• The Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management (FRBM) Act is a law enacted by the Government of India in 2003 to ensure fiscal discipline by setting targets including the reduction of fiscal deficits and elimination of revenue deficits.
• It came into force in 5 July 2004.

Additional Information 

• The main objectives of the act were:
• Introduce transparent fiscal management systems in the country.
• Introduce a more equitable and manageable distribution of the country’s debts over the years.
• Aim for fiscal stability for India in the long run.
• Ensure that public debt does not exceed 50% of the GDP of the year from 2011.
• Revenue Deficit Target – revenue deficit should be eliminated by March 31, 2018. The minimum annual reduction target was 0.5% of GDP.
• Fiscal Deficit Target – fiscal deficit should be reduced to 3% of GDP by March 31, 2018. The minimum annual reduction target was 0.3% of GDP.
• In May 2016, the government set up a committee under NK Singh to review the FRBM Act.
• The committee recommended that the government should target a fiscal deficit of 3% of the GDP in years up to March 31, 2020, cut it to 2.8% in 2020-21, and to 2.5% by 2023.

The correct answer is Shillong Chamber Choir.

Key Points

• Neil Nongkynrih is a concert pianist and founder of Shillong Chamber Choir from India.
• Shillong Chamber Choir is an Indian chamber choir based in Shillong, Meghalaya that was founded in 2001.
• In 2010, he led his choir to win India's Got Talent.
• In 2015, he was awarded the Padma Shri, India's fourth-highest civilian award.
• The Choir's rendition of "Vande Mataram" was played during the telecast of Chandrayaan II's launch.

Additional Information

• Neil Nongkynrih was an Indian musical performance pianist and conductor.
• Nongkynrih learned music at Trinity College and Guildhall School of Music in London.
• He represent in many concert as a concert pianist in United Kingdom.

The correct answer is 1934.

Key Points

• The Badminton Association of India is the governing body of badminton in India.
• It was formed in 1934 and has been holding national-level tournaments in India since 1936.
• BAI is an association registered under the Society’s act.
• Headquarters: New Delhi.

Additional Information

• Himanta Biswa Sarma has been elected as the new president of the Badminton Association of India (BAI).(Sept 2022)
• He was elected unopposed during the federation election in Goa on April 3, 2018.
• He will serve as the president for a term of four years.
• He was the interim president of BAI last year because of the demise of former president Akhilesh Das Gupta.

The correct answer is 2023.

Key Points

• India will assume the presidency of the G20 (Group of Twenty) for a year starting 1 December 2022 and is expected to host over 200 meetings across the country during its presidency tenure.
• The next G20 summit will be held in New Delhi on September 9 and September 10, 2023.

Additional Information

• The G20 is an intergovernmental forum of the world’s major developed and developing economies. It comprises Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, the Republic of Korea, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Turkey, the UK, the US, and the European Union.
• The G20 presidency keeps rotating every year among member nations.
• The country holding the presidency, together with the previous and next presidency-holder, forms the ‘Troika.’

The correct answer is Narendra Modi.

Key Points

• The book was released by the governor of Maharashtra Bhagat Singh Koshyari.
• The book is an English adaptation of the book Saakshi Bhaav written in Gujarati by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
• The English translation of this book has been done by the writer Bhavna Somaaya.
• In this book, Prime Minister Narendra Modi has depicted the love of motherhood.

Additional Information

• Books by Jawaharlal Nehru:
• Letters for a Nation ·
• A bunch of old letters. ·
• The discovery of India ·
• Words of freedom:Ideas of a nation ·
• letters from a father to his daughter
• Books by Manmohan Singh:
• Leverage: A Broader View
• Changing India
• Collateral and Financial Plumbing
• Financial Plumbing and Monetary Policy

The correct answer is Hindu Succession Amendment Act 2005.

Key Points

• According to Hindu Succession Amendment Act 2005, sons, daughters and their mothers get an equal share of family property.
• The Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act, 2005 (39 of 2005) was enacted to remove gender discriminatory provisions in the Hindu Succession Act, 1956.
• Under the amendment, the daughter of a coparcener shall by birth become a coparcener in her own right in the same manner as the son.
• The daughter shall now have the same rights in the coparcenary property (ancestral property of the Hindu undivided family) as a son.
• It was essentially meant for removing gender-discriminatory provisions regarding property rights in the Hindu Succession Act, 1956.

Additional Information

• The Hindu marriage act was enacted in 1955 by an Act of Parliament.
• The main objective of this Act is to amend and codify the Hindu marriage laws.
• It also contains provisions relating to separation and divorce. It brought uniformity of law for all sections of Hindus.

The correct answer is Kuchipudi.

Key Points

• Laxmi Narayana Sastri associated with Kuchipudi.
• The dance form derives its name from a village named Kuchipudi in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.
• Kuchipudi derives its roots from the ancient Hindu Sanskrit text of Natya Shastra and is a dance-drama performance.
• The dance drama performance has a long history in Andhra Pradesh and is known under the generic name Yakshagana.
• The systematized and modern version of Kuchipudi was founded by Siddhendra Yogi in the 17th century. The Kuchipudi style of Yakshagana was conceived by Yogi. He was guided by his guru Tirthanarayana Yogi.
• It is largely devoted to the Hindu God - Krishna and it is most closely related to Bhagavata Mela.
• Traditionally this dance form is performed only by male artists, later female artists were also allowed.
• The dance drama has the following components:
• Dharavu - a short preliminary dance performed by the artists after their roles are introduced.
• Nritta - it is the pure dance performance presented after the Dharavi. It includes parts viz., darus, jatis, jatiswarams, tirmanas, and tillanas.
• Nritya - it is the expressive part of the performance where the story is conveyed through rhythmic hand gestures. It includes padams, varnams, shabdams, and shlokas.
• Natya - it is performed when the underlying text is a play.

Additional Information

• The other seven classical Indian dance forms are as follows:
• Bharatnatyam - Tamil Nadu
• Kathak - Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan
• Kathakali - Kerala
• Manipuri - Manipur
• Mohiniyattam - Kerala
• Odissi - Odisha
• Sattriya - Assam

The correct answer is Dr Harsh Vardhan.

Key Points

• Dr Harsh Vardhan, Union Minister for Health and Family Welfare chaired ‘Aarogya Manthan’ 2.0 on 22 September 2020.
• This was a part of the celebrations of the 2nd Anniversary of Ayushman Bharat- Pradhan Mantri Jan Aarogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY).
• He also launched the AB PMJAY Joint Certification Programme and released the “AB PMJAY Anti-Fraud Framework: Practitioners’ Guidebook".

Additional Information

• Ayushman Bharat launched in 2018, a flagship scheme of the Government of India, was launched as recommended by the National Health Policy 2017, to achieve the vision of Universal Health Coverage (UHC).
• Ayushman Bharat is a Centrally Sponsered Scheme.
• Ayushman Bharat meets to design Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and its underlining commitment, which is to leave no one behind.
• Ayushman Bharat has two inter-related components.
• Health And Wellness Centre
• Pradhan Mantri Jan Aarogya Yojana

The correct answer is Acetic Acid.

Key Points 

• The chemical name of vinegar is acetic acid.
• It is the second simplest carboxylic acid. Its other names are Hydrogen acetate and methane carboxylic acid.
• Its chemical formula is C2H4O2.
• Acetic acid is produced industrially both synthetically and by bacterial fermentation.

Additional Information 

• Common names of some of the chemicals are as follows
• Hydrochloric acid - Masonry cleaner
• Lactic Acid- Milk Acid
• Magnesium silicate - Talc
• Acetylsalicylic acid - Aspirin
• Ascorbic acid - Vitamin C
• Boric acid- Ant Killer
• Nitrous oxide - Laughing gas

Given:-

Cost of 8 pens and 14 pencils = Cost of 12 pens and 5 pencils

Calculation:-

Let Cost of 1 pen be x and Cost of 1 pencil be y,

According to question-

⇒ 8x + 14y = 12x + 5y

⇒ 4x = 9y

⇒ x/y = 9/4

∴ Ratio of cost of one pen to the cost of one pencil is 9 : 4.

Given:

The curved surface area of the cylinder = 96 cm²

The volume of the cylinder = 672 cm³

Formula used:

Volume of cylinder = πr²h

Curved surface area of cylinder = 2πrh

Diameter = 2 × radius

Calculation:

Here, πr²h = 672   -----(1)

And 2πrh = 96       -----(2)

Dividing (1) by (2) we get,

⇒ r/2 = 7

⇒ r = 14

⇒ Diameter = 2 × 14 = 28

∴ The correct answer is 28 cm.

Shortcut Trick

Time ratio (Upstream : Downstream) = 125% : 100% = 5 : 4

Time = Distance ÷ Speed ⇒ [34 ÷ (u − 4)] ÷ [40 ÷ (u + 4)] = 5 ÷ 4

⇒ (u + 4) ÷ (u − 4) = (5 × 40) ÷ (4 × 34) = 200 ÷ 136 = 25 ÷ 17

Applying Componendo & Dividendo: u ÷ 4 = (25 + 17) ÷ (25 − 17) = 42 ÷ 8

⇒ u = 42 × 4 ÷ 8 = 21

∴ The correct answer is 21 km/h.

Alternate Method

Given:

Speed of the stream (v) = 4 km/h

Distance upstream (D_u) = 34 km

Distance downstream (D_d) = 40 km

Time taken upstream (T_u) is 25% more than Time taken downstream (T_d)

Formula Used:

Speed Upstream = u − v

Speed Downstream = u + v

Time = Distance ÷ Speed

Downstream (With Stream) Distance = 40 km | Speed = u + 4 | Time = t

Upstream (Against Stream) Distance = 34 km | Speed = u − 4 | Time = 1.25t

Calculation:

⇒ Let the speed of the boat in still water be u km/h.

⇒ T_d = 40 ÷ (u + 4)

⇒ T_u = 34 ÷ (u − 4)

⇒ T_u = T_d + 25% of T_d = 1.25 × T_d = (5 ÷ 4) × T_d

⇒ 34 ÷ (u − 4) = [40 ÷ (u + 4)] × (5 ÷ 4)

⇒ 34 ÷ (u − 4) = 50 ÷ (u + 4)

⇒ 34(u + 4) = 50(u − 4)

⇒ 34u + 136 = 50u − 200

⇒ 50u − 34u = 136 + 200

⇒ 16u = 336

⇒ u = 336 ÷ 16 = 21 km/h

∴ The correct answer is 21 km/h.

Additional Information

Speed in Still Water

If the downstream speed is D and upstream speed is U, the speed of the boat in still water = (D + U) ÷ 2.

Speed of the Stream

Using the same downstream and upstream speeds, the speed of the current/stream = (D − U) ÷ 2.

Relative Speed Concept in Rivers

When a boat moves downstream, the relative speed is the sum of the boat's speed and the stream's speed. Upstream, it is their difference as the stream opposes the motion.

Given:-

Average weight of 20 students = 54 kg

Average weight of 12 students = 52 kg

Average weight of 7 students = 56 kg

Formula used:-

Average = (Sum of all weight)/(Total no. of weight)

Calculation:-

According to question-

⇒ (Sum of 20 students)/20 = 54

⇒ Sum of 20 students = 54 × 20

⇒ Sum of 20 students = 1080

∴ Sum of 12 students = 52 × 12

⇒ Sum of 12 students = 624

⇒ Sum of 7 students = 56 × 7

⇒ Sum of 7 students = 392

Average of remaining students = (Sum of 20 students + Sum of 12 students - Sum of 7 students)/(20 + 12 - 7)

Average of remaining students = (1080 + 624 - 392)/25

Average of remaining students = 1312/25 = 52.48

∴ Average of remaining students is 52.48.

Shortcut Trick

First discount of 10% reduces the Marked Price from ₹1200 to ₹1080.

The final Selling Price after the second discount is ₹864.

Second discount amount = 1080 − 864 = ₹216.

Value of k = (216 ÷ 1080) × 100 = 20.

∴ The correct answer is 20%.

Alternate Method

Given:

Marked Price (MP) = ₹1200

Selling Price (SP) = ₹864

Discounts = 10% and k%

Formula Used:

SP = MP × (1 − D₁/100) × (1 − D₂/100)

Calculations:

⇒ Price after 10% discount = 1200 × (90 / 100)

⇒ Mid Price = ₹1080

⇒ Discount amount given for k% = 1080 − 864

⇒ Discount amount = ₹216

⇒ k = (Discount / Mid Price) × 100

⇒ k = (216 / 1080) × 100

⇒ k = 1 / 5 × 100 = 20

∴ The correct answer is 20%.

Additional Information

Successive Discounts

When two discounts a% and b% are applied successively, the effective equivalent discount is given by the formula: (a + b − ab / 100)%.

Marked Price (MP) and Selling Price (SP)

Discount is always calculated on the Marked Price. SP is calculated as: SP = MP − Discount.

Dishonest Dealer Concept

A shopkeeper may mark up the price above the Cost Price (CP) and then offer a discount. Total Profit is still evaluated based on the final SP − CP.

Given: T

$2 - \left[ {\frac{1}{2}, + ,\frac{1}{4}, + ,\frac{1}{6}, \div ,\left( {\frac{3}{4}, - ,\frac{1}{2}} \right)} \right]$

Concept Used:

Follow BODMAS rule to solve this question, as per the order given below,

Calculation:

$2 - \left[ {\frac{1}{2}, + ,\frac{1}{4}, + ,\frac{1}{6}, \div ,\left( {\frac{3}{4}, - ,\frac{1}{2}} \right)} \right]$

⇒ $2 - \left[ {\frac{1}{2}, + ,\frac{1}{4}, + ,\frac{1}{6}, \div ,\left( {\frac{3-2}{4}} \right)} \right]$

⇒ $2 - \left[ {\frac{1}{2}, + ,\frac{1}{4}, + ,\frac{1}{6}, \div , {\frac{1}{4}} } \right]$

⇒ $2 - \left[ {\frac{1}{2}, + ,\frac{1}{4}, + ,\frac{1}{6} \times {\frac{4}{1}} } \right]$

⇒ $2 - \left[ {\frac{1}{2}, + ,\frac{1}{4}, + ,\frac{2}{3}}\right]$

⇒ $2 - \left[ {\frac{6+3+8}{12}}\right]$   

⇒ $2 - \frac{17}{12}$

⇒ $\frac{24-17}{12}$

⇒ $\frac{7}{12}$

∴ The value is $\frac{7}{12}$

Given:

Average weight of students in a class = 58.5 kg

If 8 more students with average weight of 64.5 kg joined the class, then average weight of all the students increased by 0.96 kg

Formula used:

Average = Sum of the total weight of students/ Total number of students

Calculation:

Let the number of students initially in a class be x.

Average = Sum of the total weight of students/ Total number of students

58.5 =  Sum of the total weight of students/x

Sum of the total weight of students = 58.5x

If 8 more students with average weight of 64.5 kg joined the class then,

64.5 = Sum of the weight of 8 students/8

Sum of the weight of 8 students = 64.5 × 8 = 516

Now, After joining 8 students average weight increases 0.96 kg, then new average of total students = 58.5 + 0.96 = 59.46

Now, total number of students = (x + 8) 

Sum of x students + sum of 8 students = sum of total (x + 8) students

⇒ 58.5x + 516 = (x + 8)59.46

⇒ 58.5x + 516 = 59.46x + 475.68

⇒ 59.46x - 58.5x = 516 - 475.68 

⇒ 0.96x = 40.32

⇒ x = 40.32/0.96

⇒ x = 42

∴ The number of students initially in a class is 42.

Given:

Three persons start a morning walk together and their step measure 70cm, 75cm, and 80cm respectively.

Calculation:

Their steps measure 70cm, 75cm, and 80cm respectively

Minimum distance covered by each = LCM(70, 75, 80)

For LCM

⇒ 70 = 2 × 5 × 7

⇒ 75 = 3 × 5²

⇒ 80 = 2⁴ × 5

Now, LCM = 2⁴ × 5² × 3 × 7 = 8400

So, the minimum distance covered by each is 8400cm.

Given:

First number is 20% more than third number.

Second number is 50 % more than third number.

Solution:

Let the third number is 100

Then the first number = 100 × 120 % = 120

And Second number = 100 × 150 % = 150

The ratio of the first 2 number = 120 : 150

⇒ 4 : 5

Ratio of first 2 number is 4 : 5.

Shortcut Trick

Effective Rate for 5 years at 4% = 5 × 4 = 20%

Amount = 100% + 20% = 120% → ₹4,260

Principal (100%) = (4260 ÷ 120) × 100 = ₹3,550

New SI = 3550 × (21/5) × (17/200) = 3550 × 4.2 × 0.085

New SI = 3550 × 0.357 = ₹1,267.35 ≈ ₹1,267

∴ The correct answer is ₹1,267.

Alternate Method

Given: Amount (A₁) = ₹4,260, Time (T₁) = 5 years, Rate (R₁) = 4%

Formula Used: Amount = P + (P × R × T)/100 | SI = (P × R × T)/100

⇒ 4260 = P + (P × 4 × 5)/100

⇒ 4260 = P + 0.20P = 1.2P

⇒ P = 4260 ÷ 1.2 = ₹3,550

⇒ New Time (T₂) = 4(1/5) = 21/5 years = 4.2 years

⇒ New Rate (R₂) = 8(1/2)% = 17/2% = 8.5%

⇒ SI = (3550 × 8.5 × 4.2) / 100

⇒ SI = (3550 × 35.7) / 100 = 126735 / 100 = ₹1,267.35

∴ The correct answer is ₹1,267.

Additional Information

Simple Interest Formula

SI = (P × R × T) ÷ 100, where P is Principal, R is Rate per annum, and T is Time in years.

Amount in Simple Interest

Amount (A) = Principal (P) + Simple Interest (SI). It can also be written as A = P[1 + (RT/100)].

Effective Rate of Interest

The total interest percentage over T years is (R × T)%. This helps in solving problems using the unitary method.

Given:

A candidate got 75% of the total valid votes.

The total number of votes is 560000.

Total invalid votes are 20%.

Calculation:

Total number of invalid votes = 20% of 5,60,000

⇒ $20\over100$ × 5,60,000 = 1,12,000

Total number of valid votes = 5,60,000 - 1,12,000 = 4,48,000

Therefore, A candidate got 75% of the total valid votes

⇒ 4,48,000 × $75\over100$ = 3,36,000

∴ The number of valid votes polled in favour of the candidate is 3,36,000.

Shortcut Trick The number of valid votes polled in favour of the candidate

⇒ 5,60,000 × $80\over100$ × $75\over100$ = 3,36,000

∴ The number of valid votes polled in favour of the candidate is 3,36,000.

Given:

List price of a fan  = Rs. 4.500

First discount percentage = 15%

Final selling price = Rs. 3,213

Formula used:

Discount = MP -  SP

Discount = (MP -SP)/MP × 100

MP = Market Price

SP = Selling Price

Calculation:

MP = Rs. 4500

Discount = 15%

Initial selling price = 4500 × 85/100

⇒ 3825

Final selling price =  Rs. 3213

Discount = 3825 - 3213

⇒ 612

Second Discount percentage  = (612/3825)× 100

⇒ 16%

∴ The correct answer is 16%.

Shortcut Trick:

Discount  = 15%    (15% = 3/20)

MP = 4500

⇒ 20 = 4500

⇒ 1 = 225

Initial SP = 225 × 17 = 3825

Discount = 3835 - 3213

⇒ 612

Second discount percent = (612/3825)× 100

⇒ 16%

**Important Points:**List price is nothing but market price.

Given:

Certain number of men complete task in 60 days

9 more men joined then time taken  = 50 days

Formula used:

Work Done = Time × Efficiency

Calculation:

Let the number of men be M 

According to question,

⇒ M × 60 = (M + 9) × 50

⇒ 10M = 450

⇒ M = 45

∴ The correct answer is 45.

Given:

Bike A moves at a speed of 30 km/h.

Bike A covers some distance for 2 hours.

Bike B moves at a speed of 35 km/h.

Formula used:

Speed = Distance / Time

Calculation:

Distance = Speed × Time

⇒ 30 × 2 = 60 km

Time is taken by bike B to cover the distance.

Time = Distance / Speed

⇒ $60\over35$ = $12\over7$ hours

The ratio of the time taken by bike A to that taken by bike B.

⇒ 2 : $12\over7$ (Multiply by 7 on both sides)

⇒ 14 : 12

⇒ 7 : 6

∴ The ratio of the time taken by bike A to that taken by bike B is 7 : 6.

Shortcut Trick

LCM of the divisors (10, 15, 24, 35, 42) = 840.

The smallest 5-digit number is 10000.

Smallest 5-digit multiple of 840 = 10000 + (840 − 760) = 10080.

Since the remainder is 7 in each case, the required number x = 10080 + 7 = 10087.

Sum of the digits = 1 + 0 + 0 + 8 + 7 = 16.

∴ The correct answer is 16.

Alternate Method

Given:

The divisors are 10, 15, 24, 35, and 42.

The remainder in each case is 7.

The number x is the smallest 5-digit number satisfying this condition.

Formula Used:

Required Number = (Multiple of LCM of given divisors) + Remainder

Calculation:

⇒ First, find the prime factorization of each divisor:

⇒ 10 = 2 × 5

⇒ 15 = 3 × 5

⇒ 24 = 2³ × 3

⇒ 35 = 5 × 7

⇒ 42 = 2 × 3 × 7

⇒ LCM(10, 15, 24, 35, 42) = 2³ × 3 × 5 × 7 = 840

⇒ The smallest 5-digit number is 10000.

⇒ Now, divide 10000 by 840 to find the nearest multiple:

⇒ 10000 ÷ 840 gives a quotient of 11 and a remainder of 760.

⇒ The smallest 5-digit multiple of 840 = 10000 + (840 − 760) = 10080.

⇒ To get a remainder of 7 when divided by the given numbers, add 7 to this multiple.

⇒ x = 10080 + 7 = 10087

⇒ Sum of the digits of x = 1 + 0 + 0 + 8 + 7 = 16

∴ The correct answer is 16.

Additional Information

LCM and Remainder Concept (Same Remainder)

When a number is divided by a, b, and c leaving the same remainder r in each case, the required number is of the general form: k × LCM(a, b, c) + r (where k is a positive integer).

LCM and Remainder Concept (Different Remainders)

When a number divided by a, b, and c leaves remainders p, q, and s respectively, such that the difference between the divisor and remainder is constant i.e., (a − p) = (b − q) = (c − s) = d, the required number is of the form: k × LCM(a, b, c) − d.

Highest Common Factor (HCF) Rules

To find the greatest number that will divide x, y, and z leaving remainders a, b, and c respectively, find the HCF of (x − a), (y − b), and (z − c).

Shortcut Trick

Assume the entire amount of Rs. 1170 was spent on the fan at 25% profit.

Expected Profit = 25% of 1170 = Rs. 292.5

Difference in profit = 292.5 − 265 = Rs. 27.5

This extra Rs. 27.5 is due to the 5% difference in profit rates (25% − 20%).

5% of CP of Watch = 27.5 ⇒ CP of Watch = 27.5 × 20 = Rs. 550

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 550.

Alternate Method

Given:

Total CP of watch and fan = Rs. 1170

Profit on watch = 20%

Profit on fan = 25%

Total profit = Rs. 265

Total CP = Rs. 1170

Watch CP = x Profit = 20%

Fan CP = 1170 − x Profit = 25% Total Profit = Rs. 265

Calculations:

Let the CP of the watch be x.

Then, the CP of the fan will be (1170 − x).

According to the given condition:

⇒ 20% of x + 25% of (1170 − x) = 265

⇒ 0.20x + 0.25 × (1170 − x) = 265

⇒ 0.20x + 292.5 − 0.25x = 265

⇒ 292.5 − 265 = 0.25x − 0.20x

⇒ 27.5 = 0.05x

⇒ x = 27.5 ÷ 0.05

⇒ x = 550

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 550.

Additional Information

Rule of Alligation in Profit & Loss

When two parts of a total investment are sold at different profit or loss percentages resulting in a net profit/loss, the ratio of their Cost Prices can be found using the alligation cross method on the individual and overall profit percentages or values.

Shift Method (Deviation Method)

This method avoids linear equations by assuming the entire base has the same profit percentage. The gap between the assumed profit and the actual profit is then divided by the difference in percentage rates to instantly find the individual base quantity.

Given:-

A₁ = Rs.12600

T₁ = 6 years

A₂ = Rs. 21000

T₂ = 9 years

Formula used:-

Amount (A) = P(1 + r/100)ⁿ

where, r = rate of interest

Calculation:-

According to question,

⇒ 12600 = P(1 + r/100)⁶     ......(i)

⇒ 21000 = P(1 + r/100)⁹     .......(ii)

From eqn (ii) / eqn (i)

⇒ 21000/12600 = (1 + r/100)³

⇒ (5/3)^(1/3) = (100 + r)/100   .......(iii)

Now from eqn (i)

⇒ 12600 = P(1 + r/100)6

and from eqn (iii)

⇒ 12600 = P[(5/3)^1/3]⁶

⇒ 12600 = P(5/3)²

Principal (P) = 12600 × 9/25

P = Rs. 4536

∴ Principal is Rs. 4536

Given:

Article was sold at x% profit for Rs. 875

The profit made was 3% more than the previous profit if the same article was sold for Rs. 896

Formula used:

P% = $\frac{SP-CP}{CP}\times100$

Calculation:

When article was sold at x% profit for Rs. 875

P% = $\frac{SP-CP}{CP}\times100$

x = $\frac{875-CP}{CP}\times100$    ......(1)

If profit percentage increases 3% then,

Profit % = (x + 3)%

(x + 3) = $\frac{896-CP}{CP}\times100$    ......(2)

Put the value of x in equation (2) from equation (1) 

$\frac{875-CP}{CP}\times100$ + 3 = $\frac{896-CP}{CP}\times100$

⇒ $\frac{87500-100CP}{CP}$ + 3 = $\frac{89600-100CP}{CP}$

⇒ $\frac{87500-100CP+3CP}{CP}$ = $\frac{89600-100CP}{CP}$

⇒ 87500 - 97CP = 89600 - 100CP

⇒ 100CP - 97CP = 89600 - 87500

⇒ 3CP = 2100

⇒ CP = 2100/3 = 700

Now, From equation (1)

x = $\frac{875-CP}{CP}\times100$ 

⇒ x = $\frac{875-700}{700}\times100$

⇒ x = $\frac{175}{700}\times100$

⇒ x = 17500/700

⇒ x = 25

∴ The value of x is 25

Shortcut Trick(x + 3)% - x% = 896 - 875

⇒ 3% = 21

⇒ 1% = 7

⇒ 100% = 700

∴ CP = 700

Profit(%) = x% = $\frac{875-700}{700}\times100$ = $\frac{17500}{700}$ = 25

∴ The value of x is 25

Given:

Volume = 154 liters = 154000 cm³

The level falls down by 10 cm

Height, h = 10cm

Formula used:

The volume of a cylinder = π r²h

Diameter, d = 2r

Calculation:

The volume of a cylinder = π r2h

⇒ 154000 = $22\over7$ × r² × 10

⇒ r² = ${154000×7}\over{22×10}$ = 4900

⇒ r = $\sqrt{4900}$ = 70 cm

Diameter = 2r = 2 × 70 = 140 cm

∴ The diameter of the tank is 140 cm.

Given:

Selling price = 15,000

Buy = 10,000

Spent for transport = 500 

Spent for repair = 2000

Formula used:

Profit = Selling price - Total spent.

Profit % = (Profit × 100) / Total spent.

Solution:

Total Spent = 10,000 + 500 + 2000 = 12500

Profit = 15000 - 12500 = 2500

Profit % = (2500 × 100) / 12500

⇒ 20 % Profit

He gain 20%.

Given:

The ratio of acid and water in vessel A is 7 : 5 and that in vessel B is 11 : 13.

4 liters of solution from vessel A are mixed with 5 liters of solution from vessel B. 

Calculation:

Vessel A,

Quantity of acid = $7\over12$ × 4 = $7\over3$

Quantity of water = $5\over12$ × 4 = $5\over3$

Now, Vessel B

Quantity of acid = $11\over24$ × 5 = $55\over24$

Quantity of water = $13\over24$ × 5 = $65\over24$

The ratio of acid and water in the resulting solution

[($7\over3$ + $55\over24$)] : [($5\over3$ + $65\over24$)]

⇒ $111\over24$ : $105\over24$

⇒ 111 : 105 = 37 : 35

∴ The ratio of acid and water in the mixture is 37 : 35.

Given:

Principal = Rs. 8000

Rate =15%

Time  = 2 years 4 months

Calculation:

Time = 2 years + 4 months

Rate for 2 years = 15%      (15% = 3/20)

Rate for 4 months = 5%    (5% = 1/20)

Now by applying successive method,

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 3109.

Concept Used:

Calculation:

3 of $5\div2+\frac{3x}{1+\frac{12}{2+\frac{2x}{1-x}}}=12\frac{1}{2}$

⇒ $15 \over 2$ + $\frac{3x}{1+\frac{12}{2 - 2x + 2x \over1-x}}$ = $25 \over2$

⇒ $\frac{3x}{1+\frac{12}{2 \over1-x}}$ = $25 \over2$ - $15 \over 2$

⇒ $\frac{3x}{1+{6\over{1\over 1 - x}}}$ = 5

⇒ $3x \over {1 + 6 - 6x}$ = 5

⇒ $3x \over 7 - 6x$ = 5

⇒ 3x = 35 - 30x

⇒ 33x = 35

⇒ x = 35/33

∴ The value of x is 35/33.

Given:

The income of X is 20% less than the income of Y. 

The income of Z is 35% less than the combined incomes of X and Y.

Calculation:

According to Question,

Income of X/Income of Y = 80/100

Income of Z = Income of (X + Y) ×  65/100

⇒ Z = (80 + 100) × 65/100

⇒ Z = 117

So X = 80, Y = 100 and Z = 117

Income of Z = 117 is more than that of X = 80 by 37.

⇒ (37/80) × 100

⇒ 46.25%

∴ The Required answer is 46.25%.

Given:

If 4 Persons more then take 2 days less.

And 6 Persons less, take 4 days more.

Solution:

Let person be n and days be x

Total work = n × x

According to Question,

⇒ n × x = (n + 4) (x - 2)   --------------(1)

⇒ n × x = (n - 6) (x + 4)   --------------(2)

Solving Equation (1) and (2) we get,

⇒ 2n - 4x = -8

⇒ 4x - 2n = 8   -----------------(3)

⇒ -4n + 6x = -24

⇒ 2n - 3x = 12    ----------------(4)

Adding Equation (3) and (4) We get,

⇒ 4x - 3x = 12 + 8 

⇒ x = 20 days

Putting the value of x in equation (3) we get,

⇒ 80 - 2n = 8

⇒ 2n = 72

⇒ n = 72 / 2

⇒ 36

Number of persons in Initially = 36

The correct answer is 'was a frightening sight'.

Key Points

• The given sentence is grammatically incorrect.
• Here, 'was a frightening sight' should be used instead of 'are a frightening sight'.
• In the given sentence 'the pack of wolves' is a collective noun.
• We use the singular helping verb with a collective noun. Hence, only Option 1 has a singular verb.
• Example: The team is playing in the championship game.
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 1.
  

Correct Sentence: The pack of wolves moving towards the children was a frightening sight.

The correct answer is 'Aviary'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate word for the given group of words is 'Aviary'.
• It means 'a large cage or area in which birds are kept'. (पक्षीशाला, दरबा)
• Example: The zoo has a new outdoor aviary.
  

Correct Answer: Aviary.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of other words:
• Apiary: a place where bees are kept. (मधुवाटिका)
• Aquarium: a glass container filled with water, in which fish and water animals are kept. (पानी से भरी शीशे की टंकी जिसमें मछली आदि जलजीवों को रखा जाता है; मछलीघर, जलजीवशाला)
• Attic: the space or room just under the roof of a house often used for storing things. (घर के भीतर प्रायः समान रखने के लिए प्रयुक्त छत के बिल्कुल नीचे स्थित छोटी-सी जगह; अटारी)

The correct answer is 'Would you'.

Key Points

• The underlined part in the given sentence is grammatically incorrect.
• Here, 'Would you' should be used instead of 'Need you'.
• We often use 'would' to make requests. It is a more polite and indirect form of will.
• Example: Would you make dinner?
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 3.
  

Correct Sentence: Would you please hold my bag for a moment?

The correct answer is 'commended'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate word for the given blank is 'commended'.
• It means 'to say officially that somebody/something is very good'. (अधिकृत रूप से प्रशंसा करना; सराहना करना)
• Example: Saurabh was commended for his excellent work.
• Let's look at the meaning of other words:
• Criticised: to say what is bad or wrong with somebody/something. (किसी की निंदा या आलोचना करना)
• Discouraged: having lost confidence or enthusiasm; disheartened. (निरुत्‍साहित)
• Reprimanded: to tell somebody officially that he/she has done something wrong. [(ग़लत काम करने पर) किसी की भर्त्सना करना, फटकार लगाना (औपचारिक रूप से)]
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 3.
  

Correct Sentence: He was commended by the judge for his courageous actions.

The correct answer is 'Melodous'.

Key Points

• Among the given options the incorrectly spelt word is 'Melodous'.
• Its correct spelling is 'Melodious'.
• It means 'pleasant to listen to, like music'. (श्रुतिमधुर, सुरीला)
• Example: a rich melodious voice...
  

Correct Answer: Melodous.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of other words:
• Melodrama: a story, play, or film in which a lot of exciting things happen and in which people’s emotions are stronger than in real life. (भावुकतापूर्ण उत्तेजना-प्रधान कथा, नाटक या फ़िल्‍म; अतिनाटक या अतिकथा)
• Melody: a song or tune; the main tune of a piece of music. (गीत या धुन; किसी संगीत रचना की मुख्‍य धुन)
• Malignant: (used about a disease (cancer) that spreads in the body, or a growing mass (a tumour) caused by disease) likely to cause death if not controlled. [(कैंसर या किसी रोग के कारण बनी गाँठ) जिससे मृत्‍यु भी हो सकती है यदि वह नियंत्रित न हो सके; घातक]

The correct answer is 'inspired'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate word for the given blank is 'inspired'.
• It means 'influenced or helped by a particular feeling, thing or person'. (विशेष मनोभाव, वस्‍तु या व्‍यक्ति द्वारा प्रेरित)
• Example: The pianist gave an inspired performance.
• Let's look at the meaning of other words:
• induced: to make or persuade somebody to do something. (किसी से कुछ काम करवाना या उसके लिए मनाना; राज़ी करना)
• pestered: to annoy somebody, for example by asking him/her something many times. [व्‍यक्ति को परेशान कर देना (एक बात को अनेक बार पूछ कर या अन्‍य प्रकार से)]
• incited: to encourage somebody to do something by making him/her very angry or excited. (भड़काना, उकसाना)
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 1.
  

Correct Sentence: The landscape inspired Hardy to write this fine poem.

The erroneous part is 'and to feel secured'.

Key Points

• The given sentence is grammatically incorrect.
• Here, 'and to feel secure' should be used instead of 'and to feel secured'.
• We know after the infinitive 'to' the base form of the verb is used.
• Example: We planned to take a holiday.
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 3.
  

Correct Sentence: Everyone needs to have a home and to feel secure and be wanted.